WO2022111762A1 - Thermal insulation for a cryostat - Google Patents

Thermal insulation for a cryostat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022111762A1
WO2022111762A1 PCT/DE2021/100932 DE2021100932W WO2022111762A1 WO 2022111762 A1 WO2022111762 A1 WO 2022111762A1 DE 2021100932 W DE2021100932 W DE 2021100932W WO 2022111762 A1 WO2022111762 A1 WO 2022111762A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cryostat
thermal insulation
wall thickness
cryostats
polyetheretherketone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2021/100932
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrei VARYKHALOV
Original Assignee
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Für Materialien Und Energie Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of WO2022111762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022111762A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/12—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to thermal insulation for cryostats, which are used in particular in material analysis to determine material properties at low temperatures.
  • cryostats are devices in which defined, spatially limited areas or components are cooled to a predetermined, relatively (from room temperature) low temperature, i.e. heat exchange of these areas/components with the environment takes place, which is implemented with selected means becomes.
  • cryostats there are many different means by which the heat exchange in cryostats is used to achieve the relatively low temperatures in the intended areas/components. Relevant means and methods are presented in the review article by B. Baudouy (Heat Transfer and Cooling Techniques at Low Temperature, CERN Yellow Report; CERN-2014-005, pp. 329-352).
  • Those cryostats in which the heat exchange between a part to be cooled, for example a sample, takes place indirectly via a means for heat exchange, ie in particular via a solid body, are also particularly relevant for the present invention.
  • the cooled areas are advantageously protected by thermal insulation against heating by electromagnetic radiation and, if not arranged in a vacuum, convection, which can result from various sources in the vicinity of a cryostat. The thermal insulation thus saves coolant or reduces cooling capacity and the lowest achievable temperature is reduced.
  • the thermal insulation for the cryostats mentioned is mostly designed as active thermal insulation. Active thermal insulation, like the cryostat, is cooled by coolant contact, direct or indirect, or coolant flow. The complexity of the structure and the space requirement of such an active thermal insulation is correspondingly high. The materials usually used for passive thermal insulation, multi-layer systems made of aluminum and plastic composites, are complex and expensive.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to specify a thermal insulation for a cryostat that causes passive insulation and is simple and space-saving in construction.
  • the thermal insulation according to the invention for a cryostat comprises at least one casing made of polyetheretherketone, which at least partially encloses the cryostat.
  • the casing always encompasses the entire circumference, that is to say the casing always at least partially forms a tubular or prismatic body.
  • the casing should enclose the heat sink of the cryostat and possibly any thermal anchor.
  • the thermal insulation according to the invention ideally makes the use of a thermal anchor superfluous.
  • an anchor can still be present, in use or not.
  • the sheathing made of polyetheretherketone is to be designed with a wall thickness of at least 100 ⁇ m, advantageously with a wall thickness in a range from 500 ⁇ m to 20 mm, as also corresponds to one embodiment.
  • the wall thickness can be adapted to the insulation requirements, ie in particular to the type of electromagnetic radiation and here in particular to the IR radiation to which the cryostat is exposed.
  • the distance between the insulation and the parts of a cryostat to be encased by it is minimized in an advantageous manner, without direct mechanical contact occurring between the thermal insulation and the parts of a cryostat to be encased.
  • polyetheretherketone As a material for the low-temperature range, polyetheretherketone has many favorable properties, such as low outgassing, which also makes it suitable for UHV, low heat conduction and good temperature stability. It is also predominantly chemically inert and easily formable and workable and, among other things, printable (3D).
  • the polyetheretherketone casing can be individually adapted to the shape of the cryostat to be insulated in a space-saving manner, offers passive protection and is inexpensive to manufacture.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic representation of a thermal insulation according to the invention for a cryostat with parts of a cryostat.
  • 1 shows a schematic representation of a thermal insulation 1 according to the invention made of polyetheretherketone for a cryostat with components of a cryostat.
  • the components of the cryostat of the exemplary embodiment shown are a thermal connection 2 from the cooling body 3 of the cryostat to a sample holder 4 to be cooled, as well as a thermal anchor 5, which is used for the operation of any additional active insulation that may be required, and a tube 8.
  • the thermal insulation 1 is made of polyetheretherketone with a wall thickness of 8 mm and encloses both the area of the heat sink 3 and that of the thermal anchor 5 at a distance of 2.5 mm from the heat sink.
  • the thermal insulation 1 in the exemplary embodiment is milled from a piece of polyetherkaton and forms a tube with an inside diameter of 30 mm, an outside diameter of 42 mm and a height of 90 mm.

Abstract

The invention relates to thermal insulation for a cryostat, which comprises at least one jacket, at least partially covering the cryostat, made of polyether ether ketone, and wherein the wall thickness of the jacket is at least 100 μm. In particular, the wall thickness of the jacket lies in a range from 500 μm to 20 mm.

Description

Bezeichnung designation
Thermische Isolation für einen Kryostaten Thermal insulation for a cryostat
Technisches Gebiet technical field
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine thermische Isolation für Kryostaten, welcher der Art nach insbesondere in der Materialanalyse zur Bestimmung von Materialeigenschaften bei niedrigen Temperaturen zum Einsatz kommen. The present invention relates to thermal insulation for cryostats, which are used in particular in material analysis to determine material properties at low temperatures.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Die Erfindung findet Anwendung in Kryostaten, insbesondere in Helium- Kryostaten, wobei sowohl Durchflusskryostaten als auch Kryostaten vom „Bad-Typ“ (engl, bath type) umfasst sind. Kryostaten sind Vorrichtungen, in denen definierte, räumlich begrenzte Bereiche bzw. Bauteile auf eine vorbestimmte, relativ (von Raumtemperatur aus) betrachtet, niedrige Temperatur abgekühlt werden, d.h. es findet ein Wärmeaustausch dieser Bereiche/Bauteile mit der Umgebung statt, der mit ausgewählten Mitteln umgesetzt wird. The invention finds application in cryostats, in particular in helium cryostats, both flow cryostats and cryostats of the “bath type” (engl, bath type) being included. Cryostats are devices in which defined, spatially limited areas or components are cooled to a predetermined, relatively (from room temperature) low temperature, i.e. heat exchange of these areas/components with the environment takes place, which is implemented with selected means becomes.
Die Mittel mit denen der Wärmeaustausch in Kryostaten zur Erreichung der relativ niedrigen Temperaturen in den vorgesehenen Bereichen/Bauteilen erfolgt sind vielfältig. In dem Übersichtsartikeln von B. Baudouy (Heat Transfer and Cooling Techniques at Low Temperature, CERN Yellow Report; CERN- 2014-005, S. 329-352) sind einschlägige Mittel bzw. Methoden vorgestellt. Für die vorliegende Erfindung relevant sind insbesondere auch solche Kryostate, in denen der Wärmeaustausch zwischen einem zu kühlenden Teil, z.B. einer Probe, indirekt über ein Mittel zum Wärmeaustausch, d.h. insbesondere über einen Festkörper stattfindet. Die gekühlten Bereiche sind in vorteilhafter Weise durch thermische Isolation geschützt gegenüber der Erwärmung durch elektromagnetische Strahlung und, falls nicht im Vakuum angeordent, Konvektion, welche aus verschiedenen Quellen im Umfeld eines Kryostaten resultieren können. Durch die thermische Isolation wird somit Kühlmittel gespart bzw. Kühlleistung verringert und die kleinste, erreichbare Temperatur herabgesetzt. There are many different means by which the heat exchange in cryostats is used to achieve the relatively low temperatures in the intended areas/components. Relevant means and methods are presented in the review article by B. Baudouy (Heat Transfer and Cooling Techniques at Low Temperature, CERN Yellow Report; CERN-2014-005, pp. 329-352). Those cryostats in which the heat exchange between a part to be cooled, for example a sample, takes place indirectly via a means for heat exchange, ie in particular via a solid body, are also particularly relevant for the present invention. The cooled areas are advantageously protected by thermal insulation against heating by electromagnetic radiation and, if not arranged in a vacuum, convection, which can result from various sources in the vicinity of a cryostat. The thermal insulation thus saves coolant or reduces cooling capacity and the lowest achievable temperature is reduced.
Die thermische Isolation für die angesprochenen Kryostaten ist dabei zumeist als aktive thermische Isolation ausgeführt. Eine aktive thermische Isolation ist wie der Kryostat durch einen Kühlmittelkontakt, direkt oder indirekt, oder Kühlmittelfluss gekühlt. Die Komplexität des Aufbaus und der Raumbedarf einer solchen aktiven thermischen Isolation ist entsprechend hoch. Auch die üblicherweise für eine passive thermische Isolation eingesetzten Materialien, Mehrfachlagensysteme aus Verbundstoffen von Aluminium und Kunststoff, sind aufwendig und kostspielig. The thermal insulation for the cryostats mentioned is mostly designed as active thermal insulation. Active thermal insulation, like the cryostat, is cooled by coolant contact, direct or indirect, or coolant flow. The complexity of the structure and the space requirement of such an active thermal insulation is correspondingly high. The materials usually used for passive thermal insulation, multi-layer systems made of aluminum and plastic composites, are complex and expensive.
Aufgabenstellung task
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es von daher, eine thermische Isolation für einen Kryostaten anzugeben, die eine passive Isolation bewirkt und einfach und raumsparend im Aufbau ist. The object of the invention is therefore to specify a thermal insulation for a cryostat that causes passive insulation and is simple and space-saving in construction.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs eins gelöst. The object is solved by the features of claim one.
Die erfindungsgemäße thermische Isolation für einen Kryostaten umfasst mindestens eine Ummantelung aus Polyetheretherketon, welche den Kryostaten mindestens teilweise einhüllt. Die Ummantelung umfasst dabei aber immer den ganzen Umfang, das heißt, die Ummantelung bildet dabei immer mindestens teilweise einen röhrenförmigen oder prismatischen Körper. Die Ummantelung sollte dabei insbesondere den Kühlkörper des Kryostaten und eventuell einen etwaigen thermischen Anker einhüllen. Die erfindungsgemäße thermische Isolation macht im Idealfall die Verwendung eines thermischen Ankers überflüssig. Ein Anker kann aber dennoch zusätzlich, in Gebrauch oder nicht, vorliegen. Die Ummantelung aus Polyetheretherketon ist mit einer Wandstärke von mindestens 100 μm, in vorteilhafter Weise mit einer Wandstärke in einem Bereich von 500 μm bis 20 mm auszuführen, wie es auch einer Ausführungsform entspricht. Die Wandstärke kann den Anforderungen an die Isolation, d.h. insbesondere an die Art der elektromagnetischen Strahlung und hier insbesondere der IR- Strahlung, der der Kryostat ausgesetzt ist, angepasst werden. In vorteilhafter Weise ist der Abstand zwischen der Isolation und den von ihr zu umhüllenden Teilen eines Kryostaten minimiert, ohne dass es zu einem direkten mechanischen Kontakt zwischen der thermischen Isolation und den zu umhüllenden Teilen eines Kryostaten kommt. The thermal insulation according to the invention for a cryostat comprises at least one casing made of polyetheretherketone, which at least partially encloses the cryostat. However, the casing always encompasses the entire circumference, that is to say the casing always at least partially forms a tubular or prismatic body. In particular, the casing should enclose the heat sink of the cryostat and possibly any thermal anchor. the The thermal insulation according to the invention ideally makes the use of a thermal anchor superfluous. However, an anchor can still be present, in use or not. The sheathing made of polyetheretherketone is to be designed with a wall thickness of at least 100 μm, advantageously with a wall thickness in a range from 500 μm to 20 mm, as also corresponds to one embodiment. The wall thickness can be adapted to the insulation requirements, ie in particular to the type of electromagnetic radiation and here in particular to the IR radiation to which the cryostat is exposed. The distance between the insulation and the parts of a cryostat to be encased by it is minimized in an advantageous manner, without direct mechanical contact occurring between the thermal insulation and the parts of a cryostat to be encased.
Polyetheretherketon hat als Material für den Tieftemperaturbereich vielfache günstige Eigenschaften, wie eine geringe Ausgasung, was es auch UHV tauglich macht, eine geringe Wärmeleitung und gute Temperaturstabilität. Es ist zudem überwiegend chemisch inert und leicht formbar sowie bearbeitbar und unter anderem auch druckbar (3D). As a material for the low-temperature range, polyetheretherketone has many favorable properties, such as low outgassing, which also makes it suitable for UHV, low heat conduction and good temperature stability. It is also predominantly chemically inert and easily formable and workable and, among other things, printable (3D).
Die Ummantelung aus Polyetheretherketon ist individuell an die Form des zu isolierenden Kryostaten raumsparend anzupassen, bietet einen passiven Schutz und ist kostengünstig in der Herstellung. The polyetheretherketone casing can be individually adapted to the shape of the cryostat to be insulated in a space-saving manner, offers passive protection and is inexpensive to manufacture.
Ausführungsbeispiel example
Die Erfindung soll in einem Ausführungsbeispiel und anhand von einer Figur näher erläutert werden. The invention will be explained in more detail in an exemplary embodiment and with reference to a figure.
Fig. 1: Schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen thermischen Isolation für einen Kryostaten mit Teilen eines Kryostaten. In der Fig. 1 ist eine Schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen thermischen Isolation 1 aus Polyetheretherketon für einen Kryostaten mit Bauteilen eines Kryostaten gezeigt. Die gezeigten Bauteile des Kryostaten des Ausführungsbeispiels sind eine thermische Verbindung 2 von dem Kühlkörper 3 des Kryostaten zu einem zu kühlenden Probenhalter 4 sowie ein thermischer Anker 5, welcher für den Betrieb einer eventuell benötigten zusätzlichen aktiven Isolation dient sowie ein Rohr 8. Die thermische Isolation 1 ist aus Polyetheretherketon gebildet mit einer Wandstärke von 8 mm und hüllt sowohl den Bereich des Kühlkörpers 3 als auch den des thermischen Ankers 5 mit einem Abstand von 2,5 mm zum Kühlkörper ein. Außerdem gezeigt ist die Zu- und Abfuhr 6, 7 des Kühlmittels, im Ausführungsbeispiel Helium. Die thermische Isolation 1 im Ausführungsbeispiel ist aus einem Stück Polyetherkaton gefräst und bildet ein Rohr mit 30 mm Innendurchmesser, 42 mm Außendurchmesser und einer Höhe von 90 mm. 1: Schematic representation of a thermal insulation according to the invention for a cryostat with parts of a cryostat. 1 shows a schematic representation of a thermal insulation 1 according to the invention made of polyetheretherketone for a cryostat with components of a cryostat. The components of the cryostat of the exemplary embodiment shown are a thermal connection 2 from the cooling body 3 of the cryostat to a sample holder 4 to be cooled, as well as a thermal anchor 5, which is used for the operation of any additional active insulation that may be required, and a tube 8. The thermal insulation 1 is made of polyetheretherketone with a wall thickness of 8 mm and encloses both the area of the heat sink 3 and that of the thermal anchor 5 at a distance of 2.5 mm from the heat sink. Also shown is the supply and discharge 6, 7 of the coolant, helium in the exemplary embodiment. The thermal insulation 1 in the exemplary embodiment is milled from a piece of polyetherkaton and forms a tube with an inside diameter of 30 mm, an outside diameter of 42 mm and a height of 90 mm.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Thermische Isolation für einen Kryostaten mindestens umfassend eine den Kryostaten mindestens teilweise einhüllende Ummantelung aus Polyetheretherketon, mit einer Wandstärke von mindestens 100 μm. 1. Thermal insulation for a cryostat at least comprising a sheath made of polyetheretherketone at least partially enveloping the cryostat, with a wall thickness of at least 100 μm.
2. Thermische Isolation für einen Kryostaten nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandstärke der Ummantelung in einem Bereich von 500 μm bis 20 mm liegt. 2. Thermal insulation for a cryostat according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness of the casing is in a range from 500 μm to 20 mm.
PCT/DE2021/100932 2020-11-24 2021-11-24 Thermal insulation for a cryostat WO2022111762A1 (en)

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DE202020106734.6 2020-11-24
DE202020106734.6U DE202020106734U1 (en) 2020-11-24 2020-11-24 Thermal insulation for a cryostat

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US9379587B2 (en) * 2009-04-09 2016-06-28 Ge Energy Power Conversion Technology Ltd. Coil for a rotating electrical machine
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