WO2022105599A1

WO2022105599A1 - Large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable, and construction method and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2022105599A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/128289
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孟波; 靖洪文; 马占国; 王迎超; 尹乾; 吴疆宇; 齐燕军; 许国安; 贾邦国; 刘洪晨; 董津源; 方尧
Original assignee: 中国矿业大学
Priority date: 2020-11-23
Filing date: 2021-11-03
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Also published as: CN112412510B; CN112412510A

Abstract

A large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable, and a construction method and working method thereof, which are suitable for underground engineering use. The large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable comprises an anchor cable (10); an energy absorption column (1) is provided at the tail end of the anchor cable (10), an anti-shearing sleeve (3) is provided at the outer side of the energy absorption column (1) by means of an anti-deviation device, such that the energy absorption column (1) is axially arranged within the anti-shearing sleeve (3); a ribbed tray (2) is fixed at the tail part of the anti-shearing sleeve (3), and the front end of the anti-shearing sleeve (3) is connected, by means of threads, to a conical limiting plate (7) of a conical structure fitting the anchor cable (10) ; the anti-shearing sleeve (3) is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy absorption column (1) is arranged in the conical limiting plate (7) in an abutting manner, an anti-impact baffle plate (4) is arranged at the tail part of the anti-shearing sleeve (3), and a rubber gasket (41) is arranged on the inner side of the anti-impact baffle plate (4); and the energy absorption column (1) comprises a plurality of deformable energy absorption tubes (11) which have different deformation initiating pressures and are connected in an end-to-end manner. The large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable can allow for large deformation, is not easy to be damaged by shearing, has good anti-impact effect, has an adjustable yielding distance, and has a cable body which is not exposed to occupy the tunnel space.

Description

A kind of large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable and its construction method and working method

technical field

The invention relates to a large-deformation lifting-resistance shearing anchor cable and a construction method and a working method thereof, and is especially suitable for a large-deformation lifting-resistance shearing anchor cable and its construction method used in underground projects such as coal mines, metal mines, and tunnels. and working methods.

Background technique

Anchor cables are important supporting materials in underground engineering, mining engineering, slope engineering and other fields. With the increasingly complex resource mining conditions, the surrounding rock pressure and deformation of the roadway have increased significantly. The ordinary anchor cable support cannot meet the stability control requirements of the high-stress and large-deformed roadway, and is prone to breakage and even lead to roof collapse accidents. Most of the existing deformable anchor cables are deformed by friction energy absorption and extrusion energy absorption, which have some disadvantages: one is that the tail of the anchor cable is exposed, which occupies the space of the roadway; long; the third anchor cable has limited yielding and deformation ability, and cannot effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock; the fourth is unable to resist shearing, and when the surrounding rock is dislocated, the anchor cable is easily sheared and broken; the fifth is non-recoverable and cannot be repeated Sixthly, it cannot prevent projectiles, and when the anchor cable is deformed and fractured, it will easily lead to the accident of projectile injury. Seventh, it does not have the characteristics of reflecting the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the force of the anchor cable itself. Therefore, there is a need to develop an anchor cable that overcomes the above disadvantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Technical problem: Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing technology, provide a lifting and drag anchor cable and working method that is suitable for high stress, shear resistance, large deformation, recyclable and reused, and can monitor deformation and force; When pressure is applied, the energy-absorbing column absorbs energy through its own deformation, and also dissipates energy through friction with the shear-resistant casing, realizing the function of high impedance and large deformation. When the surrounding rock is displaced, the shear-resistant casing can resist the shear force generated by the displacement of the surrounding rock and prevent the anchor cable from being sheared.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable of the present invention includes an anchor cable, an energy-absorbing column is provided at the end of the anchor cable, and an anti-shear sleeve is provided on the outside of the energy-absorbing column through an anti-bias device. , so that the energy-absorbing column is axially arranged in the anti-shear casing, the end of the anti-shear casing is fixed with a ribbed tray, and the front end of the anti-shear casing is threadedly connected with a tapered limiter with a conical structure matching the anchor cable. plate;

The anti-shear sleeve is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy-absorbing column is set in the conical limit plate, and the anti-shear sleeve and the conical limit plate are threadedly connected. The length of the thread between the limit plates can adjust the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve to match the length of the energy-absorbing column to meet the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range of the anchor cable. There is a rubber gasket on the inner side of the punching plate;

The energy-absorbing column includes a plurality of deformable energy-absorbing tubes b with different deformation starting pressures connected head to tail. The head and tail of the energy-absorbing tubes b are assembled in series through threads. The starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable, so that different deformations of the energy-absorbing column correspond to different resistances, and the deformation of the energy-absorbing column can intuitively reflect its force; Adjusting the number of energy-absorbing pipes b can form energy-absorbing columns of different lengths, thereby meeting the demands of the deformation of different engineering conditions on site; the rear end of the multi-section energy-absorbing pipes b is provided with an energy-absorbing pipe a, and the energy-absorbing pipe b locks the wedge through the anchor cable Fasten with the end of the anchor cable.

The anti-bias device is a plurality of anti-bias baffle rings that are sleeved on the outside of the energy-absorbing column, and each anti-bias baffle ring is arranged at the head-to-tail connection between the energy-absorbing pipe b and the energy-absorbing pipe b, and is placed on the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve. Between the pipes, the anti-deflection retaining ring is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring is provided with a thread to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe b.

The starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column is higher than the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable installation, and the wall thickness of each energy-absorbing tube b constituting the energy-absorbing column increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing tube b is under pressure from front to back. Deformation, the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy absorbing tube b is 90% to 95% of the breaking strength of the anchor cable.

There is a circumferential groove inside the energy-absorbing tube b to guide the deformation of the energy-absorbing tube a. After reaching the starting pressure, the energy-absorbing tube b undergoes compression deformation and then expands and deforms laterally, just in contact and friction with the anti-shear sleeve, and absorbs energy through its own deformation. At the same time, it can also dissipate energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve to achieve the function of high resistance and large deformation.

The different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing tube b are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing tube b and the depth of its internal groove. Conical.

The ribbed tray is in the shape of a dish with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib plate. The central hole is provided with an inner thread, and the inner thread is connected with the outer thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve. Holes are used to thread the ribbed tray with wire mesh or steel belt to fix it, so as to prevent the ribbed tray and anti-shear sleeve from falling and hurting people after the anchor cable is broken.

The outer edge of the anti-shock baffle can be connected with the anti-shear sleeve through threads. The center of the anti-shock baffle is provided with a circular hole for the displacement soft ruler to pass through, and the edge of the round hole has a fixed plate for easy installation. A rubber gasket is arranged on the inner side of the anti-shock baffle to prevent sparks from impacting the anti-shock baffle after the anchor cable is broken, and one end of the displacement tape is connected to the tail end of the anchor cable.

The displacement tape has a circular cross section with scales, one end has a circular buckle slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable to connect the tail of the anchor cable body, and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle.

A construction method for making large deformation rise impedance shear anchor cable, the steps of which are:

1a Use a conical drill bit that matches the shape of the conical limit plate and the size of the anti-shear casing to construct a large-diameter hole on the roadway wall, and the length of the hole matches that of the anti-shear casing, and then construct the bottom of the large-diameter hole Concentric small diameter drilled holes for installing anchor cables;

1b Push the resin coil and the anchor cable into the bottom of the hole and stir. After the resin coil is solidified, according to the anti-deformation requirements on site, rotate the conical limit plate to adjust the length of the compression space inside the anti-shear sleeve, and then adjust the anti-shearing sleeve. The shear sleeve and the ribbed tray are fixed by thread and integrated into the drilled hole for temporary fixation;

1c According to the actual pressure yielding requirements, select energy-absorbing pipes a with different pressure yielding functions, and connect them in series with the threads of the anti-bias retaining ring to form an energy-absorbing column matching the length of the internal space of the shear-resistant casing, and then connect the connected energy-absorbing pipes Pass the column through the anchor cable and fix the energy-absorbing pipe a at the end, put the entire energy-absorbing column into the anti-shear sleeve, and use iron wire or rope to pass through the round hole in the corner of the ribbed tray to fasten the ribbed tray to the wire mesh or steel belt ; Install the lock sleeve and stretch the anchor cable through the tensioning machine until the pre-tightening force is reached;

1d Fix the displacement tape to the tail of the anchor cable, pass the displacement tape through the round hole of the anti-shock baffle, and then fix the anti-shock baffle to the hole of the anti-shear casing with threads to complete the installation;

A working method for a large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable, the steps of which are:

2a Under the action of high stress, the pulling force of the anchor cable into the roadway wall gradually increases, and the pressure on the energy-absorbing column gradually increases. When the starting tonnage of the energy-absorbing pipe b is reached, the energy-absorbing pipe b gradually occurs with the pressure. Compression deformation and lateral expansion occurs in contact with the shear-resistant casing, and through its own deformation energy absorption and also through frictional energy dissipation with the shear-resistant casing, the function of high impedance and large deformation is realized;

2b With the gradual deformation of the energy-absorbing pipe b, the energy-absorbing column collapses into the borehole with the anchor cable as a whole, and through the movement of the displacement tape connected with the anchor cable, the deformation of the surrounding rock and the force of the energy-absorbing column are displayed. It will play an early warning role in the breaking of the anchor cable when it reaches the stress limit;

2c When the energy-absorbing column is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the tensile strength, the anchor cable breaks and is ejected to the outside of the hole, and is set at the rear end of the anti-shear casing. The anti-collision baffle effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable to prevent injury.

Beneficial effects:

1. Large deformation of energy absorption: each energy absorption tube is provided with an external thread at the end, and a plurality of deformable energy absorption tubes with different deformation starting pressures are connected in series through the head and tail threads and the anti-bias retaining ring thread to form energy absorption. column. The energy-absorbing column is assembled by threaded connection of energy-absorbing pipes. The number of energy-absorbing pipes can be determined according to the anti-deformation requirements of the anchor cable, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically adjusting the length of the energy-absorbing column. There are threads in the tail of the anti-shear sleeve, and there are also threads on the edge of the conical limit plate. The two are connected by threads. During installation, the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve can be set by rotating the conical limit plate to match the suction. The length of the energy column can meet the dynamic setting requirements of the deformation resistance range of the anchor cable.

2. Lifting resistance: The order of installing the energy-absorbing pipe in the anti-shear casing is from the inside to the outside, and the thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe gradually increases. During the deformation process, it has the dual functions of energy absorption and resistance increase, which is more conducive to controlling excessive surrounding rock. deformed.

3. Energy absorption and impact resistance: When the anchor cable is subjected to impact stress, the energy absorption tube will be deformed in time to offset the instantaneous impact displacement of the surrounding rock and prevent the anchor cable from breaking.

4. Shear resistance: within the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the surrounding rock is broken and loose, the surrounding rock is dislocated, and the anchor cable is broken by the shear force. However, the shear-resistant casing can resist the shear force generated by the dislocation of the surrounding rock. , Protect the anchor cable from shearing and prolong the service life of the anchor cable. The length of the anti-shear sleeve is determined according to the results of the on-site test loose ring, and the strength of the anti-shear sleeve is greater than that of the anchor rod.

5. Reflect the deformation of the surrounding rock and the stress of the anchor cable: connect and fix a soft ruler at the tail of the anchor cable. The soft ruler is drawn out of the tray through the center hole of the tail anti-shock baffle. After the anchor cable is deformed by the force and energy absorption column, the tail of the anchor cable and The relative deformation between the surrounding rocks can be read out by a soft ruler, reflecting the deformation of the surrounding rock and the stress of the anchor cable. The soft ruler exposed on the outside of the pallet can be temporarily fixed on the pallet, barbed wire, steel belt and other accessories by sticking to the roadway wall.

6. Anti-ejection: The end of the anti-shear sleeve near the tray is provided with a thread for fixing the anti-shock baffle. When the energy-absorbing column is deformed by the pressure of the surrounding rock, and the tail of the anchor cable all enters the casing, the anti-shock baffle is installed to prevent the anchor cable from breaking and ejecting and hurting people.

7. Recyclable: After the end of the service life of the roadway, the lock sleeve can be removed by the anchor cable retractor, and the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve can be taken out, which can be recycled and reused to save costs.

8. The anti-shear casing is a hollow steel pipe, and the front end of the anti-shear casing is tapered, which is convenient for centering with the small diameter anchor cable hole during installation, and is convenient for centering the pressure pipe with the end, preventing the anchor cable, energy absorption column, etc. The occurrence of unfavorable situations such as shearing of the anchor cable and biasing of the energy-absorbing column caused by the misalignment of the three shear sleeves.

9. The energy absorbing tube is easy to process. The energy-absorbing pipe guides energy-absorbing deformation through a circumferential groove set inside the ordinary steel pipe, which is simple and easy to process, and has stable deformation and stress performance.

10. The energy-absorbing tube is equipped with an anti-deflection baffle ring, which is set between the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve, which can prevent the energy-absorbing column from deflecting and jamming during the axial deformation of the energy-absorbing column along the anchor cable. and other conditions, to ensure that the energy-absorbing column is uniformly deformed along the axial direction of the anchor cable.

11. The pallet is a four-corner ribbed structure, which is resistant to bending and has strong watch protection ability. The pallet is threadedly connected to the shear-resistant casing and assembled on site, which is convenient for transportation.

12. The shear-resistant casing, the energy-absorbing column and the energy-absorbing pipe are all cylindrical symmetrical sections, which match the shape of the drilled hole. Adapt to the shear deformation of the hole wall rock in all directions.

13. After the installation of the anchor cable, the cable body and the lock are inside the shear-resistant casing. After the deformation of the energy-absorbing column in the later stage, the lock and the cable body are still inside the shear-resistant casing, which does not occupy the space in the roadway and does not affect the cleanliness of the roadway. The use of cross-section does not hinder the transportation of pedestrians and equipment in the roadway.

14. The large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable is suitable for rocks of different lithology and strength, and the strength and deformation performance are stable, and will not be affected by the external rock environment. This is more stable than other anchor cables that rely on friction to achieve constant resistance and pressure.

15. After the energy-absorbing column is deformed by force, it contacts and rubs with the sleeve. It absorbs energy through its own deformation and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the energy-absorbing column of the large deformation lifting impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the energy-absorbing tube of the large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the ribbed pallet of the present invention's large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention's large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable in use;

6 is a schematic diagram of the first-level pressure yielding structure of the large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of a secondary yielding structure of a large-deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage yielding structure of a large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;

In the picture: energy absorption column-1, ribbed tray-2, corner round hole-21, anti-shear sleeve-3, anti-shock baffle-4, rubber gasket-41, displacement tape-5, anti-shear Offset ring-6, conical limit plate-7, energy-absorbing tube a-11, lock sleeve-8, lock wedge-9, anchor cable-10, energy-absorbing tube b-11.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable of the present invention includes an anchor cable 10 , an energy-absorbing column 1 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 10 , and an anti-biasing device is provided on the outside of the energy-absorbing column 1 through an anti-bias device. Shear the casing 3, so that the energy-absorbing column 1 is axially arranged in the anti-shear casing 3, the rear of the anti-shear casing 3 is fixed with a ribbed tray 2, and the front end of the anti-shear casing 3 is threadedly connected with an anchor. The conical limit plate 7 of the conical structure matched with the cable 10;

The anti-shear sleeve 3 is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy-absorbing column 1 is placed in the conical limit plate 7, and the anti-shear sleeve 3 and the conical limit plate 7 are threadedly connected. The length of the thread between the sleeve 3 and the conical limit plate 7 can be adjusted to adjust the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve 3 to match the length of the energy-absorbing column 1, so as to meet the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range of the anchor cable 10, and the anti-shear sleeve The tail of the pipe 3 is provided with an anti-shock baffle 4, and the inner side of the anti-shock baffle 4 is provided with a rubber gasket 41;

The energy absorbing column 1 includes a plurality of deformable energy absorbing tubes 11 with different deformation starting pressures connected end to end, as shown in FIG. Matching, the right side is the energy-absorbing pipe 11 in the middle section, the head and tail are assembled in series through the thread, the deformation starting pressure of each energy-absorbing pipe 11 rises in steps from front to back, and the starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable. Thereby, different deformations of the energy-absorbing column 1 correspond to different resistances, and the amount of deformation of the energy-absorbing column 1 can intuitively reflect its force; in the actual application site, by adjusting the number of energy-absorbing tubes 11, energy-absorbing columns of different lengths can be formed. 1, and then meet the requirements of the deformation amount of different engineering conditions on site; the rear end of the multi-section energy-absorbing pipe 11 is provided with a lock sleeve 8, and the energy-absorbing pipe 11 is fastened to the tail end of the anchor cable 10 through the lock sleeve wedge 9.

The anti-bias device is a plurality of anti-bias retaining rings 6 sleeved on the outer side of the energy-absorbing column 1, and each anti-bias retaining ring 6 is arranged at the head-to-tail connection of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and is placed on the energy-absorbing column 1 and the energy-absorbing column 1. Between the anti-shear sleeves 3 , the anti-deflection retaining ring 6 is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring 6 is provided with threads to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe 11 . The starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column 1 is higher than the installation pre-tightening force of the anchor cable 10, and the wall thickness of each section of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 constituting the energy-absorbing column 1 increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing pipe 11 can be compressed under pressure. The deformation is performed in sequence from front to back, and the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy absorbing pipe 11 is 90% to 95% of the breaking strength of the anchor cable 10 . The energy-absorbing tube 11 is provided with a circumferential groove for guiding the deformation of the energy-absorbing tube 11. After reaching the starting pressure, the energy-absorbing tube 11 compresses and deforms and then expands and deforms laterally, just in contact with the anti-shear sleeve 3. At the same time, the energy absorption also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve 3 to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation. The different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and the depth of its internal groove. The end of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 that is in direct contact with the conical limiting plate 7 after lateral expansion and deformation is the matching conical limiting plate. 7 cones. The outer edge of the anti-shock baffle 4 can be connected with the tail end of the anti-shear sleeve 3 through threads. The center of the anti-shock baffle 4 is provided with a circular hole for the displacement soft ruler 5 to pass through. The dish-shaped structure is easy to install. The rubber gasket 41 provided on the inside of the anti-shock baffle 4 is used to prevent the anchor cable 10 from hitting the anti-shock baffle 4 to generate sparks. One end of the displacement tape 5 is connected to the end of the anchor cable 10 End connection, the displacement soft ruler 5 has a circular cross-section with a scale, one end has a circular snap connection slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable 10 to connect the tail of the anchor cable 10, and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle 4.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the ribbed tray 2 is in the shape of a dish with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib. The center hole is provided with an inner thread, and the inner thread and the outer thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve 3 Connection, the corners of the ribbed tray 2 are provided with corner round holes 21 for threading the ribbed tray 2 with the wire mesh or steel belt to fix it, preventing the ribbed tray 2 and the anti-shear sleeve 3 from falling off after the anchor cable 10 is broken hurt.

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, a construction method for shearing anchor cables using the large deformation and rising impedance, the steps are:

1a Use a conical drill bit that matches the shape of the conical limit plate 7 and the size of the anti-shear casing 3 to construct a large-diameter hole on the roadway wall, and the length of the hole matches the anti-shear casing 3, and then drill the large-diameter hole. Concentric small-diameter drill holes for the construction and installation of anchor cables at the bottom of the hole;

1b Push the resin coil and anchor cable into the bottom of the hole and stir. After the resin coil is solidified, rotate the conical limit plate 7 according to the on-site anti-deformation requirements, adjust the length of the pressure space inside the anti-shear sleeve 3, and then The anti-shear sleeve 3 and the ribbed tray 2 are fixed by thread and integrally inserted into the drilled hole for temporary fixation;

1c According to the actual pressure yielding requirements, select energy-absorbing pipes 11 with different pressure yielding functions, and connect them in series with the anti-bias retaining ring 6 through threads to form an energy-absorbing column 1 that matches the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve 3, and then connect well. The energy-absorbing column 1 passes through the anchor cable and fixes the lock sleeve 8 at the end. Put the entire energy-absorbing column 1 into the anti-shear sleeve 3, and use an iron wire or rope to pass through the corner round hole 21 of the ribbed tray 2. The ribbed tray 2 is fastened with the wire mesh or steel belt; the lock sleeve 8 is installed and the anchor cable 10 is tensioned by the tensioning machine until it reaches the pre-tightening force and stops;

1d Fix the displacement soft ruler 5 to the tail of the anchor cable 10, pass the displacement soft ruler 5 through the round hole of the anti-shock baffle 4, and then fix the anti-shear baffle 4 to the 3 hole of the anti-shear sleeve by thread. port position to complete the installation;

A working method for shearing anchor cables using large deformation and rising impedance, the steps are:

2a Under the action of high stress, the pulling force of the anchor cable 10 into the roadway wall gradually increases, and the pressure on the energy absorbing column 1 gradually increases. When the starting tonnage of the energy absorbing pipe 11 is reached, the energy absorbing pipe 11 gradually increases with the pressure. The compressive deformation occurs in the stage and the lateral expansion occurs in contact with the anti-shear casing 3, which absorbs energy through its own deformation and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear casing 3 to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation;

2b With the gradual deformation of the energy-absorbing pipe 11, the energy-absorbing column 1 collapses into the borehole with the anchor cable 10 as a whole, and through the movement of the displacement tape 5 connected with the anchor cable 10, the deformation of the surrounding rock and the energy absorption are displayed. The stress condition of the column 1 plays an early warning role in the breaking of the anchor cable 10 when it reaches the stress limit;

2c When the energy-absorbing column 1 is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable 10 continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the breaking strength, the anchor cable 10 breaks and is ejected to the outside of the hole, and is arranged behind the shear-resistant casing 3. The anti-collision baffle 4 at the position of the port hole effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable 10 to prevent injury to people.

Claims

A large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable, characterized in that it comprises an anchor cable (10), an energy-absorbing column (1) is arranged at the tail end of the anchor cable (10), and an anti-deviation device passes through the outer side of the energy-absorbing column (1). An anti-shear sleeve (3) is provided, so that the energy-absorbing column (1) is axially arranged in the anti-shear sleeve (3), and a ribbed tray (2) is fixed at the tail of the anti-shear sleeve (3), The front end of the anti-shear sleeve (3) is threadedly connected with a conical limiting plate (7) with a conical structure matched with the anchor cable (10);

The anti-shear sleeve (3) is a hollow cylindrical tube, and the front end of the energy-absorbing column (1) is placed in the conical limit plate (7), and the anti-shear sleeve (3) and the conical limit plate ( 7) Threaded connection, adjust the length of the internal space of the shear-resistant sleeve (3) to match the length of the energy-absorbing column (1) by adjusting the thread length between the shear-resistant sleeve (3) and the conical limit plate (7). The length of the anchor cable (10) meets the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range. The anti-shear sleeve (3) is provided with an anti-shock baffle (4) at the rear, and a rubber gasket (41) is provided inside the anti-shock baffle (4). );

The energy absorbing column (1) comprises a plurality of deformable energy absorbing pipes (11) with different deformation starting pressures, which are connected end to end. The starting pressure rises in steps from front to back, and the starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable, so that different deformations of the energy absorbing column (1) correspond to different resistances. The deformation amount directly reflects the magnitude of the force; in the actual application site, by adjusting the number of energy-absorbing pipes (11), energy-absorbing columns (1) of different lengths can be formed to meet the deformation requirements of different engineering conditions on site; The tail end of the energy pipe (11) is provided with a lock sleeve (8), and the energy absorption pipe (11) is fastened to the tail end of the anchor cable (10) through the anchor cable lock wedge (9).
The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-deflection device is a plurality of anti-deflection retaining rings (6) sleeved on the outer side of the energy absorbing column (1), each anti-deflection ring The retaining rings (6) are all arranged at the head-to-tail connection between the energy-absorbing pipe (11) and the energy-absorbing pipe (11) and are placed between the energy-absorbing column (1) and the anti-shear sleeve (3). It is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring (6) is provided with a thread to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe (11).
The large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column (1) is higher than the installation pre-tightening force of the anchor cable (10), forming the energy-absorbing column (1) The wall thickness of each section of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is deformed sequentially from the front under pressure, and the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is the anchor cable. (10) 90% to 95% of the breaking strength.
The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is provided with a circumferential groove for guiding the deformation of the energy-absorbing pipe (11), and after reaching the starting pressure, the suction pipe (11) is The energy tube (11) expands and deforms laterally after being compressed and deformed, just in contact and friction with the anti-shear sleeve (3), absorbs energy through its own deformation, and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve (3) to achieve high impedance Large deformation function.
The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: the different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) and the depth of its internal groove, and the suction pipe (11) The end of the energy tube (11) in direct contact with the conical limiting plate (7) after the lateral expansion and deformation is a conical shape matching the conical limiting plate (7).
The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ribbed tray (2) is a dish-shaped with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib, and the center hole is provided with an internal thread , the internal thread is connected with the external thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve (3), and the corners of the ribbed tray (2) are provided with corner round holes (21) for threading the ribbed tray (2) with the wire mesh. Or fixed with a steel belt to prevent the ribbed tray (2) and the shear-resistant sleeve (3) from falling and hurting people after the anchor cable (10) is broken.
The large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer edge of the anti-shock baffle (4) can be connected to the anti-shear sleeve (3) through threads to match the ends, preventing The center of the punching baffle (4) is provided with a circular hole for the displacement tape (5) to pass through, the edge of the circular hole has a fixed dish-shaped structure that is easy to install, and a rubber gasket ( 41) It is used to prevent sparks from impacting the anti-shock baffle (4) after the anchor cable (10) is broken, and one end of the displacement tape (5) is connected to the tail end of the anchor cable (10).
The large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: the displacement soft ruler (5) has a circular cross-section with a scale, and one end has a circular buckle slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable Connect the tail of the cable body of the anchor cable (10), and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle (4).
A construction method using the large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable described in any of the above claims, characterized in that the steps are:

1a Use a conical drill bit that matches the shape of the conical limit plate (7) and the size of the anti-shear sleeve (3) to construct a large-diameter hole in the roadway wall, and the length of the drill hole matches the length of the anti-shear sleeve (3). , and then construct a concentric small-diameter hole for installing the anchor cable at the bottom of the large-diameter hole;

1b Push the resin coil and anchor cable into the bottom of the hole and stir. After the resin coil is solidified, rotate the conical limit plate (7) according to the on-site anti-deformation requirements, and adjust the internal pressure of the anti-shear sleeve (3). space length, and then the anti-shear sleeve (3) and the ribbed tray (2) are fixed by thread and integrally inserted into the drilled hole for temporary fixation;

1c According to the actual pressure yielding requirements, select energy-absorbing pipes (11) with different pressure yielding functions, and connect them in series with the threads of the anti-bias retaining ring (6) to form an energy-absorbing column matching the length of the internal space of the shear-resistant casing (3). (1), then pass the connected energy-absorbing column (1) through the anchor cable and fix the energy-absorbing tube (11) at the end, put the entire energy-absorbing column (1) into the anti-shear sleeve (3), and use iron wire Or rope through the ribbed tray (2) with rounded corners and corners (21) to fasten the ribbed tray (2) with the wire mesh or steel belt; install the lock sleeve (8) and use the tensioning machine to tension the anchor The cable (10) stops until the preload is reached;

1d Fix the displacement tape (5) at the tail of the anchor cable (10), pass the displacement tape (5) through the round hole of the anti-shock baffle (4), and then thread the anti-shock baffle (4). ) at the orifice of the anti-shear sleeve (3) to complete the installation.
A method of using the large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the steps are:

2a Under the action of high stress, the pulling force of the anchor cable (10) into the roadway wall gradually increases, and the pressure on the energy-absorbing column (1) gradually increases. When the starting tonnage of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is reached, the suction The energy pipe (11) undergoes compression deformation step by step with the pressure and laterally expands in contact with the anti-shear casing (3), absorbing energy through its own deformation and also dissipating energy through friction with the anti-shear casing (3), Realize the function of high impedance and large deformation;

2b With the gradual deformation of the energy absorbing pipe (11), the energy absorbing column (1) collapses into the borehole as a whole along with the anchor cable (10), and through the movement of the displacement tape (5) connected with the anchor cable (10) , so as to display the deformation of surrounding rock and reflect the stress of the energy-absorbing column (1), and play an early warning role for the breakage of the anchor cable (10) when it reaches the stress limit;

2c When the energy-absorbing column (1) is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable (10) continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the breaking strength, the anchor cable (10) breaks and is ejected outward from the hole. The anti-collision baffle (4) at the rear end opening of the shearing sleeve (3) effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable (10) to prevent injury to people.