WO2022105599A1 - Large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable, and construction method and working method thereof - Google Patents

Large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable, and construction method and working method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022105599A1
WO2022105599A1 PCT/CN2021/128289 CN2021128289W WO2022105599A1 WO 2022105599 A1 WO2022105599 A1 WO 2022105599A1 CN 2021128289 W CN2021128289 W CN 2021128289W WO 2022105599 A1 WO2022105599 A1 WO 2022105599A1
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energy
anchor cable
deformation
absorbing
shear
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PCT/CN2021/128289
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孟波
靖洪文
马占国
王迎超
尹乾
吴疆宇
齐燕军
许国安
贾邦国
刘洪晨
董津源
方尧
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中国矿业大学
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Publication of WO2022105599A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022105599A1/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/025Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008Anchoring or tensioning means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0093Accessories

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a large-deformation lifting-resistance shearing anchor cable and a construction method and a working method thereof, and is especially suitable for a large-deformation lifting-resistance shearing anchor cable and its construction method used in underground projects such as coal mines, metal mines, and tunnels. and working methods.
  • Anchor cables are important supporting materials in underground engineering, mining engineering, slope engineering and other fields. With the increasingly complex resource mining conditions, the surrounding rock pressure and deformation of the roadway have increased significantly.
  • the ordinary anchor cable support cannot meet the stability control requirements of the high-stress and large-deformed roadway, and is prone to breakage and even lead to roof collapse accidents.
  • the large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable of the present invention includes an anchor cable, an energy-absorbing column is provided at the end of the anchor cable, and an anti-shear sleeve is provided on the outside of the energy-absorbing column through an anti-bias device. , so that the energy-absorbing column is axially arranged in the anti-shear casing, the end of the anti-shear casing is fixed with a ribbed tray, and the front end of the anti-shear casing is threadedly connected with a tapered limiter with a conical structure matching the anchor cable. plate;
  • the anti-shear sleeve is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy-absorbing column is set in the conical limit plate, and the anti-shear sleeve and the conical limit plate are threadedly connected.
  • the length of the thread between the limit plates can adjust the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve to match the length of the energy-absorbing column to meet the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range of the anchor cable.
  • the energy-absorbing column includes a plurality of deformable energy-absorbing tubes b with different deformation starting pressures connected head to tail.
  • the head and tail of the energy-absorbing tubes b are assembled in series through threads.
  • the starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable, so that different deformations of the energy-absorbing column correspond to different resistances, and the deformation of the energy-absorbing column can intuitively reflect its force;
  • Adjusting the number of energy-absorbing pipes b can form energy-absorbing columns of different lengths, thereby meeting the demands of the deformation of different engineering conditions on site;
  • the rear end of the multi-section energy-absorbing pipes b is provided with an energy-absorbing pipe a, and the energy-absorbing pipe b locks the wedge through the anchor cable Fasten with the end of the anchor cable.
  • the anti-bias device is a plurality of anti-bias baffle rings that are sleeved on the outside of the energy-absorbing column, and each anti-bias baffle ring is arranged at the head-to-tail connection between the energy-absorbing pipe b and the energy-absorbing pipe b, and is placed on the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve.
  • the anti-deflection retaining ring is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring is provided with a thread to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe b.
  • the starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column is higher than the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable installation, and the wall thickness of each energy-absorbing tube b constituting the energy-absorbing column increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing tube b is under pressure from front to back.
  • the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy absorbing tube b is 90% to 95% of the breaking strength of the anchor cable.
  • the energy-absorbing tube b undergoes compression deformation and then expands and deforms laterally, just in contact and friction with the anti-shear sleeve, and absorbs energy through its own deformation. At the same time, it can also dissipate energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve to achieve the function of high resistance and large deformation.
  • the different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing tube b are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing tube b and the depth of its internal groove. Conical.
  • the ribbed tray is in the shape of a dish with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib plate.
  • the central hole is provided with an inner thread, and the inner thread is connected with the outer thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve. Holes are used to thread the ribbed tray with wire mesh or steel belt to fix it, so as to prevent the ribbed tray and anti-shear sleeve from falling and hurting people after the anchor cable is broken.
  • the outer edge of the anti-shock baffle can be connected with the anti-shear sleeve through threads.
  • the center of the anti-shock baffle is provided with a circular hole for the displacement soft ruler to pass through, and the edge of the round hole has a fixed plate for easy installation.
  • a rubber gasket is arranged on the inner side of the anti-shock baffle to prevent sparks from impacting the anti-shock baffle after the anchor cable is broken, and one end of the displacement tape is connected to the tail end of the anchor cable.
  • the displacement tape has a circular cross section with scales, one end has a circular buckle slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable to connect the tail of the anchor cable body, and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle.
  • a construction method for making large deformation rise impedance shear anchor cable the steps of which are:
  • a working method for a large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable the steps of which are:
  • the anchor cable When the energy-absorbing column is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the tensile strength, the anchor cable breaks and is ejected to the outside of the hole, and is set at the rear end of the anti-shear casing.
  • the anti-collision baffle effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable to prevent injury.
  • each energy absorption tube is provided with an external thread at the end, and a plurality of deformable energy absorption tubes with different deformation starting pressures are connected in series through the head and tail threads and the anti-bias retaining ring thread to form energy absorption. column.
  • the energy-absorbing column is assembled by threaded connection of energy-absorbing pipes.
  • the number of energy-absorbing pipes can be determined according to the anti-deformation requirements of the anchor cable, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically adjusting the length of the energy-absorbing column.
  • the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve can be set by rotating the conical limit plate to match the suction.
  • the length of the energy column can meet the dynamic setting requirements of the deformation resistance range of the anchor cable.
  • Lifting resistance The order of installing the energy-absorbing pipe in the anti-shear casing is from the inside to the outside, and the thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe gradually increases. During the deformation process, it has the dual functions of energy absorption and resistance increase, which is more conducive to controlling excessive surrounding rock. deformed.
  • Shear resistance within the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the surrounding rock is broken and loose, the surrounding rock is dislocated, and the anchor cable is broken by the shear force.
  • the shear-resistant casing can resist the shear force generated by the dislocation of the surrounding rock. , Protect the anchor cable from shearing and prolong the service life of the anchor cable.
  • the length of the anti-shear sleeve is determined according to the results of the on-site test loose ring, and the strength of the anti-shear sleeve is greater than that of the anchor rod.
  • Anti-ejection The end of the anti-shear sleeve near the tray is provided with a thread for fixing the anti-shock baffle.
  • the anti-shear casing is a hollow steel pipe, and the front end of the anti-shear casing is tapered, which is convenient for centering with the small diameter anchor cable hole during installation, and is convenient for centering the pressure pipe with the end, preventing the anchor cable, energy absorption column, etc.
  • the occurrence of unfavorable situations such as shearing of the anchor cable and biasing of the energy-absorbing column caused by the misalignment of the three shear sleeves.
  • the energy absorbing tube is easy to process.
  • the energy-absorbing pipe guides energy-absorbing deformation through a circumferential groove set inside the ordinary steel pipe, which is simple and easy to process, and has stable deformation and stress performance.
  • the energy-absorbing tube is equipped with an anti-deflection baffle ring, which is set between the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve, which can prevent the energy-absorbing column from deflecting and jamming during the axial deformation of the energy-absorbing column along the anchor cable. and other conditions, to ensure that the energy-absorbing column is uniformly deformed along the axial direction of the anchor cable.
  • the pallet is a four-corner ribbed structure, which is resistant to bending and has strong watch protection ability.
  • the pallet is threadedly connected to the shear-resistant casing and assembled on site, which is convenient for transportation.
  • the shear-resistant casing, the energy-absorbing column and the energy-absorbing pipe are all cylindrical symmetrical sections, which match the shape of the drilled hole. Adapt to the shear deformation of the hole wall rock in all directions.
  • the cable body and the lock are inside the shear-resistant casing. After the deformation of the energy-absorbing column in the later stage, the lock and the cable body are still inside the shear-resistant casing, which does not occupy the space in the roadway and does not affect the cleanliness of the roadway. The use of cross-section does not hinder the transportation of pedestrians and equipment in the roadway.
  • the large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable is suitable for rocks of different lithology and strength, and the strength and deformation performance are stable, and will not be affected by the external rock environment. This is more stable than other anchor cables that rely on friction to achieve constant resistance and pressure.
  • the energy-absorbing column After the energy-absorbing column is deformed by force, it contacts and rubs with the sleeve. It absorbs energy through its own deformation and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation.
  • Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the energy-absorbing column of the large deformation lifting impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the energy-absorbing tube of the large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the ribbed pallet of the present invention's large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable
  • Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention's large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable in use
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the first-level pressure yielding structure of the large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a secondary yielding structure of a large-deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage yielding structure of a large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention.
  • the large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable of the present invention includes an anchor cable 10 , an energy-absorbing column 1 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 10 , and an anti-biasing device is provided on the outside of the energy-absorbing column 1 through an anti-bias device.
  • the conical limit plate 7 of the conical structure matched with the cable 10;
  • the anti-shear sleeve 3 is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy-absorbing column 1 is placed in the conical limit plate 7, and the anti-shear sleeve 3 and the conical limit plate 7 are threadedly connected.
  • the length of the thread between the sleeve 3 and the conical limit plate 7 can be adjusted to adjust the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve 3 to match the length of the energy-absorbing column 1, so as to meet the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range of the anchor cable 10, and the anti-shear sleeve
  • the tail of the pipe 3 is provided with an anti-shock baffle 4, and the inner side of the anti-shock baffle 4 is provided with a rubber gasket 41;
  • the energy absorbing column 1 includes a plurality of deformable energy absorbing tubes 11 with different deformation starting pressures connected end to end, as shown in FIG. Matching, the right side is the energy-absorbing pipe 11 in the middle section, the head and tail are assembled in series through the thread, the deformation starting pressure of each energy-absorbing pipe 11 rises in steps from front to back, and the starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable.
  • different deformations of the energy-absorbing column 1 correspond to different resistances, and the amount of deformation of the energy-absorbing column 1 can intuitively reflect its force; in the actual application site, by adjusting the number of energy-absorbing tubes 11, energy-absorbing columns of different lengths can be formed.
  • the rear end of the multi-section energy-absorbing pipe 11 is provided with a lock sleeve 8, and the energy-absorbing pipe 11 is fastened to the tail end of the anchor cable 10 through the lock sleeve wedge 9.
  • the anti-bias device is a plurality of anti-bias retaining rings 6 sleeved on the outer side of the energy-absorbing column 1, and each anti-bias retaining ring 6 is arranged at the head-to-tail connection of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and is placed on the energy-absorbing column 1 and the energy-absorbing column 1.
  • the anti-deflection retaining ring 6 is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring 6 is provided with threads to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe 11 .
  • the starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column 1 is higher than the installation pre-tightening force of the anchor cable 10, and the wall thickness of each section of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 constituting the energy-absorbing column 1 increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing pipe 11 can be compressed under pressure.
  • the deformation is performed in sequence from front to back, and the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy absorbing pipe 11 is 90% to 95% of the breaking strength of the anchor cable 10 .
  • the energy-absorbing tube 11 is provided with a circumferential groove for guiding the deformation of the energy-absorbing tube 11. After reaching the starting pressure, the energy-absorbing tube 11 compresses and deforms and then expands and deforms laterally, just in contact with the anti-shear sleeve 3.
  • the energy absorption also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve 3 to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation.
  • the different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and the depth of its internal groove.
  • the end of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 that is in direct contact with the conical limiting plate 7 after lateral expansion and deformation is the matching conical limiting plate. 7 cones.
  • the outer edge of the anti-shock baffle 4 can be connected with the tail end of the anti-shear sleeve 3 through threads.
  • the center of the anti-shock baffle 4 is provided with a circular hole for the displacement soft ruler 5 to pass through.
  • the dish-shaped structure is easy to install.
  • the rubber gasket 41 provided on the inside of the anti-shock baffle 4 is used to prevent the anchor cable 10 from hitting the anti-shock baffle 4 to generate sparks.
  • One end of the displacement tape 5 is connected to the end of the anchor cable 10 End connection, the displacement soft ruler 5 has a circular cross-section with a scale, one end has a circular snap connection slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable 10 to connect the tail of the anchor cable 10, and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle 4.
  • the ribbed tray 2 is in the shape of a dish with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib.
  • the center hole is provided with an inner thread, and the inner thread and the outer thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve 3 Connection, the corners of the ribbed tray 2 are provided with corner round holes 21 for threading the ribbed tray 2 with the wire mesh or steel belt to fix it, preventing the ribbed tray 2 and the anti-shear sleeve 3 from falling off after the anchor cable 10 is broken hurt.
  • a construction method for shearing anchor cables using the large deformation and rising impedance the steps are:
  • a working method for shearing anchor cables using large deformation and rising impedance the steps are:
  • the energy-absorbing column 1 collapses into the borehole with the anchor cable 10 as a whole, and through the movement of the displacement tape 5 connected with the anchor cable 10, the deformation of the surrounding rock and the energy absorption are displayed.
  • the stress condition of the column 1 plays an early warning role in the breaking of the anchor cable 10 when it reaches the stress limit;
  • the anchor cable 10 When the energy-absorbing column 1 is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable 10 continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the breaking strength, the anchor cable 10 breaks and is ejected to the outside of the hole, and is arranged behind the shear-resistant casing 3.
  • the anti-collision baffle 4 at the position of the port hole effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable 10 to prevent injury to people.

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

A large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable, and a construction method and working method thereof, which are suitable for underground engineering use. The large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable comprises an anchor cable (10); an energy absorption column (1) is provided at the tail end of the anchor cable (10), an anti-shearing sleeve (3) is provided at the outer side of the energy absorption column (1) by means of an anti-deviation device, such that the energy absorption column (1) is axially arranged within the anti-shearing sleeve (3); a ribbed tray (2) is fixed at the tail part of the anti-shearing sleeve (3), and the front end of the anti-shearing sleeve (3) is connected, by means of threads, to a conical limiting plate (7) of a conical structure fitting the anchor cable (10) ; the anti-shearing sleeve (3) is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy absorption column (1) is arranged in the conical limiting plate (7) in an abutting manner, an anti-impact baffle plate (4) is arranged at the tail part of the anti-shearing sleeve (3), and a rubber gasket (41) is arranged on the inner side of the anti-impact baffle plate (4); and the energy absorption column (1) comprises a plurality of deformable energy absorption tubes (11) which have different deformation initiating pressures and are connected in an end-to-end manner. The large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable can allow for large deformation, is not easy to be damaged by shearing, has good anti-impact effect, has an adjustable yielding distance, and has a cable body which is not exposed to occupy the tunnel space.

Description

一种大变形升阻抗剪切锚索及其施工方法和工作方法A kind of large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable and its construction method and working method 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种大变形升阻抗剪切锚索及其施工方法和工作方法,尤其适用于于煤矿、金属矿山、隧道等地下工程使用的一种大变形升阻抗剪切锚索及其施工方法和工作方法。The invention relates to a large-deformation lifting-resistance shearing anchor cable and a construction method and a working method thereof, and is especially suitable for a large-deformation lifting-resistance shearing anchor cable and its construction method used in underground projects such as coal mines, metal mines, and tunnels. and working methods.
背景技术Background technique
锚索是地下工程、采矿工程、边坡工程等领域的重要支护材料。随着资源开采条件的日益复杂,巷道围岩压力和变形量明显增大,普通锚索支护无法满足高应力大变形巷道稳定性控制需求,容易发生破断,甚至诱发冒顶事故。现有的可变形锚索大多通过摩擦吸能变形和挤压吸能变形,其中有一些缺点:其一锚索尾部外露,占用巷道空间;其二结构复杂,不方便加工,成本高,施工时间长;其三锚索让压及变形能力有限,不能有效控制围岩变形;其四当无法抵抗剪切,当围岩发生错动,锚索容易剪切发生破断;其五不可回收,不能重复利用,造成成本升高;其六无法防弹射,当锚索变形断裂时,易导致弹射伤人事故;其七不具有反映巷道围岩变形和锚索自身受力的特性。因此需要研发一种克服以上缺点的锚索。Anchor cables are important supporting materials in underground engineering, mining engineering, slope engineering and other fields. With the increasingly complex resource mining conditions, the surrounding rock pressure and deformation of the roadway have increased significantly. The ordinary anchor cable support cannot meet the stability control requirements of the high-stress and large-deformed roadway, and is prone to breakage and even lead to roof collapse accidents. Most of the existing deformable anchor cables are deformed by friction energy absorption and extrusion energy absorption, which have some disadvantages: one is that the tail of the anchor cable is exposed, which occupies the space of the roadway; long; the third anchor cable has limited yielding and deformation ability, and cannot effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock; the fourth is unable to resist shearing, and when the surrounding rock is dislocated, the anchor cable is easily sheared and broken; the fifth is non-recoverable and cannot be repeated Sixthly, it cannot prevent projectiles, and when the anchor cable is deformed and fractured, it will easily lead to the accident of projectile injury. Seventh, it does not have the characteristics of reflecting the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the force of the anchor cable itself. Therefore, there is a need to develop an anchor cable that overcomes the above disadvantages.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
技术问题:针对现有技术的不足之处,提供一种适应高应力、抗剪切、大变形、可回收复用、可监测变形及受力的升阻锚索和工作方法;当受到冲击动压时,吸能柱通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能。当围岩发生错动,抗剪切套管可以抵抗围岩错动产生的剪力,防止锚索被剪断。Technical problem: Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing technology, provide a lifting and drag anchor cable and working method that is suitable for high stress, shear resistance, large deformation, recyclable and reused, and can monitor deformation and force; When pressure is applied, the energy-absorbing column absorbs energy through its own deformation, and also dissipates energy through friction with the shear-resistant casing, realizing the function of high impedance and large deformation. When the surrounding rock is displaced, the shear-resistant casing can resist the shear force generated by the displacement of the surrounding rock and prevent the anchor cable from being sheared.
技术方案:为实现上述技术目的,本发明的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,包括锚索,锚索尾端设有吸能柱,吸能柱外侧通过防偏装置设有抗剪切套管,使吸能柱轴向设置在抗剪切套管内,抗剪切套管尾部固定有带肋托盘,抗剪切套管前端通过螺纹连接有与锚索匹配的锥形结构的锥形限位板;Technical solution: In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable of the present invention includes an anchor cable, an energy-absorbing column is provided at the end of the anchor cable, and an anti-shear sleeve is provided on the outside of the energy-absorbing column through an anti-bias device. , so that the energy-absorbing column is axially arranged in the anti-shear casing, the end of the anti-shear casing is fixed with a ribbed tray, and the front end of the anti-shear casing is threadedly connected with a tapered limiter with a conical structure matching the anchor cable. plate;
所述抗剪切套管为中空圆柱管,吸能柱前端顶在锥形限位板内设置,抗剪切套管和锥形限位板螺纹连接,通过调整抗剪切套管和锥形限位板之间的螺纹长度从而调整抗剪切套管内部空间长度匹配吸能柱的长度,满足锚索抗变形范围的动态设置需求,抗剪切套管尾部设有防冲挡板,防冲挡板内侧设有橡胶垫片;The anti-shear sleeve is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy-absorbing column is set in the conical limit plate, and the anti-shear sleeve and the conical limit plate are threadedly connected. The length of the thread between the limit plates can adjust the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve to match the length of the energy-absorbing column to meet the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range of the anchor cable. There is a rubber gasket on the inner side of the punching plate;
所述吸能柱包括多个具有不同变形启动压力的可变形的吸能管b首尾连接构成,吸能管b的首尾通过螺纹串联拼装,每节吸能管b的变形启动压力由前向后启动压力台阶式上升,启动压力为锚索屈服强度的50%~70%,从而使吸能柱不同的变形量对应不同的阻力,通过吸能柱的变形量直观反应其受力大小;在实际应用现场通过调整吸能管b的数量,能够形成不同长度的吸能柱,进而满足现场不同工程状况变形量的需求;多节吸能管b的尾端设有吸能管a,吸能管b通过锚索锁具楔体与锚索尾端紧固。The energy-absorbing column includes a plurality of deformable energy-absorbing tubes b with different deformation starting pressures connected head to tail. The head and tail of the energy-absorbing tubes b are assembled in series through threads. The starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable, so that different deformations of the energy-absorbing column correspond to different resistances, and the deformation of the energy-absorbing column can intuitively reflect its force; Adjusting the number of energy-absorbing pipes b can form energy-absorbing columns of different lengths, thereby meeting the demands of the deformation of different engineering conditions on site; the rear end of the multi-section energy-absorbing pipes b is provided with an energy-absorbing pipe a, and the energy-absorbing pipe b locks the wedge through the anchor cable Fasten with the end of the anchor cable.
所述防偏装置为多个套在吸能柱外侧的防偏挡圈,每个防偏挡圈均设置在吸能管b与吸能管b首尾连接处并置于吸能柱和抗剪切套管之间,防偏挡圈为钢制圆环结构,防偏挡圈内孔设置有螺纹与吸能管b端部螺纹配合。The anti-bias device is a plurality of anti-bias baffle rings that are sleeved on the outside of the energy-absorbing column, and each anti-bias baffle ring is arranged at the head-to-tail connection between the energy-absorbing pipe b and the energy-absorbing pipe b, and is placed on the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve. Between the pipes, the anti-deflection retaining ring is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring is provided with a thread to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe b.
所述吸能柱启动变形压力高于锚索安装预紧力,构成吸能柱的每节吸能管b的壁厚由前到后依次增加,从而使吸能管b在压力之下由前先后依次进行变形,吸能管b壁厚最大的变形压力为锚索破断强度的90%~95%。The starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column is higher than the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable installation, and the wall thickness of each energy-absorbing tube b constituting the energy-absorbing column increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing tube b is under pressure from front to back. Deformation, the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy absorbing tube b is 90% to 95% of the breaking strength of the anchor cable.
吸能管b内部设置有环向一周的凹槽用于引导吸能管a变形,到达启动压力后,吸能管b发生压缩变形后横向膨胀变形,正好与抗剪切套管接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能。There is a circumferential groove inside the energy-absorbing tube b to guide the deformation of the energy-absorbing tube a. After reaching the starting pressure, the energy-absorbing tube b undergoes compression deformation and then expands and deforms laterally, just in contact and friction with the anti-shear sleeve, and absorbs energy through its own deformation. At the same time, it can also dissipate energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve to achieve the function of high resistance and large deformation.
所述吸能管b的不同变形启动压力通过吸能管b壁厚以及其内部凹槽深度来确定,吸能管b横向膨胀变形后与锥形限位板直接接触的一端为匹配锥形限位板的锥形。The different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing tube b are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing tube b and the depth of its internal groove. Conical.
所述带肋托盘为中心凸起的碟形,设置有凸起的肋板,中心孔设有内螺纹,内螺纹与抗剪切套管尾端设置的外螺纹连接,带肋托盘边角设置有孔用于穿铁丝将带肋托盘与铁丝网或钢带固定,防止锚索破断后带肋托盘及抗剪切套管掉落伤人。The ribbed tray is in the shape of a dish with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib plate. The central hole is provided with an inner thread, and the inner thread is connected with the outer thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve. Holes are used to thread the ribbed tray with wire mesh or steel belt to fix it, so as to prevent the ribbed tray and anti-shear sleeve from falling and hurting people after the anchor cable is broken.
所述防冲挡板的外边缘能通过螺纹与抗剪切套管为端匹配连接,防冲挡板圆心处设有供位移软尺通过的圆孔,圆孔边缘有固定的便于安装的碟形结构,防冲挡板内侧的设置的橡胶垫片用以防止锚索破断后冲击防冲挡板产生火花,所述位移软尺的一端与锚索尾端连接。The outer edge of the anti-shock baffle can be connected with the anti-shear sleeve through threads. The center of the anti-shock baffle is provided with a circular hole for the displacement soft ruler to pass through, and the edge of the round hole has a fixed plate for easy installation. A rubber gasket is arranged on the inner side of the anti-shock baffle to prevent sparks from impacting the anti-shock baffle after the anchor cable is broken, and one end of the displacement tape is connected to the tail end of the anchor cable.
所述位移软尺截面为圆形并带有刻度,一端有比锚索直径略大的圆形卡扣连接锚索索体尾部,另一端露出防冲挡板的圆孔外。The displacement tape has a circular cross section with scales, one end has a circular buckle slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable to connect the tail of the anchor cable body, and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle.
一种使大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的施工方法,其步骤为:A construction method for making large deformation rise impedance shear anchor cable, the steps of which are:
1a利用与锥形限位板形状及抗剪切套管尺寸匹配的锥形钻头在巷道壁上施工大直径钻孔,钻孔长度与抗剪切套管匹配,再在大直径钻孔底部施工安装锚索的同心小直径钻孔;1a Use a conical drill bit that matches the shape of the conical limit plate and the size of the anti-shear casing to construct a large-diameter hole on the roadway wall, and the length of the hole matches that of the anti-shear casing, and then construct the bottom of the large-diameter hole Concentric small diameter drilled holes for installing anchor cables;
1b将树脂药卷和锚索推入孔底并搅拌,待树脂药卷凝固后,根据现场抗变形需求,旋转锥形限位板,调节抗剪切套管内部让压空间长度,而后将抗剪切套管与带肋托盘通过螺纹固定并整体装入钻孔临时固定;1b Push the resin coil and the anchor cable into the bottom of the hole and stir. After the resin coil is solidified, according to the anti-deformation requirements on site, rotate the conical limit plate to adjust the length of the compression space inside the anti-shear sleeve, and then adjust the anti-shearing sleeve. The shear sleeve and the ribbed tray are fixed by thread and integrated into the drilled hole for temporary fixation;
1c根据实际让压要求,选取不同让压功能的吸能管a,并通过螺纹与防偏挡圈螺纹串联连接成为匹配抗剪切套管内部空间长度的吸能柱,然后将连接好的吸能柱穿过锚索并固定尾端的吸能管a,将吸能柱整个放入抗剪切套管,使用铁丝或绳索穿过带肋托盘边角圆孔将带肋托盘与铁丝网或钢带绑牢;安装锁具套筒并通过张拉机具张拉锚索直至达到预紧力后停止;1c According to the actual pressure yielding requirements, select energy-absorbing pipes a with different pressure yielding functions, and connect them in series with the threads of the anti-bias retaining ring to form an energy-absorbing column matching the length of the internal space of the shear-resistant casing, and then connect the connected energy-absorbing pipes Pass the column through the anchor cable and fix the energy-absorbing pipe a at the end, put the entire energy-absorbing column into the anti-shear sleeve, and use iron wire or rope to pass through the round hole in the corner of the ribbed tray to fasten the ribbed tray to the wire mesh or steel belt ; Install the lock sleeve and stretch the anchor cable through the tensioning machine until the pre-tightening force is reached;
1d将位移软尺固定在锚索的尾部,将位移软尺从防冲挡板的圆孔中穿过,然后通过螺纹将防冲挡 板固定在抗剪切套管孔口位置完成安装;1d Fix the displacement tape to the tail of the anchor cable, pass the displacement tape through the round hole of the anti-shock baffle, and then fix the anti-shock baffle to the hole of the anti-shear casing with threads to complete the installation;
一种大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的工作方法,其步骤为:A working method for a large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable, the steps of which are:
2a在高应力作用下,锚索受到向巷道壁内的拉力逐渐增大,吸能柱受到的压力逐渐增大,当达到吸能管b的启动吨位的时候,吸能管b随着压力逐级发生压缩变形并发生横向膨胀与抗剪切套管接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能;2a Under the action of high stress, the pulling force of the anchor cable into the roadway wall gradually increases, and the pressure on the energy-absorbing column gradually increases. When the starting tonnage of the energy-absorbing pipe b is reached, the energy-absorbing pipe b gradually occurs with the pressure. Compression deformation and lateral expansion occurs in contact with the shear-resistant casing, and through its own deformation energy absorption and also through frictional energy dissipation with the shear-resistant casing, the function of high impedance and large deformation is realized;
2b随着吸能管b的逐级变形吸能柱随锚索整体向钻孔内部溃缩,通过与锚索连接的位移软尺的移动,从而显示围岩变形大小以及反映吸能柱的受力情况,对锚索达到受力极限发生破断起到预警作用;2b With the gradual deformation of the energy-absorbing pipe b, the energy-absorbing column collapses into the borehole with the anchor cable as a whole, and through the movement of the displacement tape connected with the anchor cable, the deformation of the surrounding rock and the force of the energy-absorbing column are displayed. It will play an early warning role in the breaking of the anchor cable when it reaches the stress limit;
2c当吸能柱完全变形从而达到其极限后,锚索依靠自身索体继续变形,达到拉断强度后锚索发生破断并向孔外方向弹射,设置在抗剪切套管后端孔口位置的防冲挡板有效阻挡锚索的弹射防止伤人。2c When the energy-absorbing column is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the tensile strength, the anchor cable breaks and is ejected to the outside of the hole, and is set at the rear end of the anti-shear casing. The anti-collision baffle effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable to prevent injury.
有益效果:Beneficial effects:
1.吸能大变形:每个吸能管在端部设置有外螺纹,多个具有不同变形启动压力的可变形吸能管通过首尾螺纹和防偏挡圈螺纹串联连接拼装而成在一起组成吸能柱。吸能柱为吸能管通过螺纹连接拼装而成,可以根据锚索抗变形需要确定吸能管数量,进而达到动态调整吸能柱长度的目的。抗剪切套管尾部内有螺纹,与锥形限位板边缘亦设置有螺纹,二者通过螺纹连接,安装时可以通过旋转锥形限位板设置抗剪切套管内部空间长度,匹配吸能柱长度,这样满足了锚索抗变形范围的动态设置需求。1. Large deformation of energy absorption: each energy absorption tube is provided with an external thread at the end, and a plurality of deformable energy absorption tubes with different deformation starting pressures are connected in series through the head and tail threads and the anti-bias retaining ring thread to form energy absorption. column. The energy-absorbing column is assembled by threaded connection of energy-absorbing pipes. The number of energy-absorbing pipes can be determined according to the anti-deformation requirements of the anchor cable, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically adjusting the length of the energy-absorbing column. There are threads in the tail of the anti-shear sleeve, and there are also threads on the edge of the conical limit plate. The two are connected by threads. During installation, the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve can be set by rotating the conical limit plate to match the suction. The length of the energy column can meet the dynamic setting requirements of the deformation resistance range of the anchor cable.
2.升阻:在抗剪切套管内安装吸能管的顺序为从里到外,吸能管厚逐渐增加,在变形过程中同时起到吸能、增阻双重功能,更有利于控制围岩过度变形。2. Lifting resistance: The order of installing the energy-absorbing pipe in the anti-shear casing is from the inside to the outside, and the thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe gradually increases. During the deformation process, it has the dual functions of energy absorption and resistance increase, which is more conducive to controlling excessive surrounding rock. deformed.
3.吸能抗冲击:当锚索受到冲击应力时,吸能管通过及时变形,抵消围岩瞬间冲击位移,防止锚索断裂。3. Energy absorption and impact resistance: When the anchor cable is subjected to impact stress, the energy absorption tube will be deformed in time to offset the instantaneous impact displacement of the surrounding rock and prevent the anchor cable from breaking.
4.抗剪切:在巷道围岩松动圈范围内,围岩破碎松动,围岩发生错动,锚索受到剪力发生破断,然而抗剪切套管可以抵抗围岩错动产生的剪力,保护锚索免受剪切,延长锚索使用寿命,抗剪切套管长度根据现场测试松动圈结果确定,且抗剪切套管强度要大于锚杆的抗剪切强度。4. Shear resistance: within the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the surrounding rock is broken and loose, the surrounding rock is dislocated, and the anchor cable is broken by the shear force. However, the shear-resistant casing can resist the shear force generated by the dislocation of the surrounding rock. , Protect the anchor cable from shearing and prolong the service life of the anchor cable. The length of the anti-shear sleeve is determined according to the results of the on-site test loose ring, and the strength of the anti-shear sleeve is greater than that of the anchor rod.
5.反映围岩变形与锚索受力:在锚索尾部连接固定一软尺,软尺通过尾部防冲挡板中心孔引出托盘外,锚索受力吸能柱变形后,锚索尾部与围岩之间的相对变形可以通过软尺读出,反映围岩变形和锚索受力情况。软尺露在托盘外部部分可以贴巷道壁临时固定在托盘、铁丝网、钢带等附件上,不占用巷道净断面,不影响巷道行人和物料运输。5. Reflect the deformation of the surrounding rock and the stress of the anchor cable: connect and fix a soft ruler at the tail of the anchor cable. The soft ruler is drawn out of the tray through the center hole of the tail anti-shock baffle. After the anchor cable is deformed by the force and energy absorption column, the tail of the anchor cable and The relative deformation between the surrounding rocks can be read out by a soft ruler, reflecting the deformation of the surrounding rock and the stress of the anchor cable. The soft ruler exposed on the outside of the pallet can be temporarily fixed on the pallet, barbed wire, steel belt and other accessories by sticking to the roadway wall.
6.防弹射:抗剪切套管靠近托盘一端内部设置有螺纹用于固定防冲挡板。当受围岩压力作用吸能柱变形,锚索尾部全部进入套管时,安装防冲挡板,可以防止锚索断裂弹射伤人。6. Anti-ejection: The end of the anti-shear sleeve near the tray is provided with a thread for fixing the anti-shock baffle. When the energy-absorbing column is deformed by the pressure of the surrounding rock, and the tail of the anchor cable all enters the casing, the anti-shock baffle is installed to prevent the anchor cable from breaking and ejecting and hurting people.
7.可回收:在巷道使用期结束后,可以通过锚索退锚机将锁具套筒去除,取出吸能柱和抗剪切套管,回收再次利用,节约成本。7. Recyclable: After the end of the service life of the roadway, the lock sleeve can be removed by the anchor cable retractor, and the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve can be taken out, which can be recycled and reused to save costs.
8.抗剪切套管为中空钢管,抗剪切套管前端为锥形,安装时便于与小直径锚索孔对中,便于与末端让压管对中,防止锚索、吸能柱、抗剪切套管三者不对中导致的锚索受剪和吸能柱偏压等不利情况的出现。8. The anti-shear casing is a hollow steel pipe, and the front end of the anti-shear casing is tapered, which is convenient for centering with the small diameter anchor cable hole during installation, and is convenient for centering the pressure pipe with the end, preventing the anchor cable, energy absorption column, etc. The occurrence of unfavorable situations such as shearing of the anchor cable and biasing of the energy-absorbing column caused by the misalignment of the three shear sleeves.
9.吸能管加工简单。吸能管通过在普通钢管内部设置的环向一周的凹槽引导吸能变形,简单易加工,变形受力性能稳定。9. The energy absorbing tube is easy to process. The energy-absorbing pipe guides energy-absorbing deformation through a circumferential groove set inside the ordinary steel pipe, which is simple and easy to process, and has stable deformation and stress performance.
10.吸能管配有防偏挡圈,防偏挡圈设置在吸能柱和抗剪切套管之间,可以在吸能柱沿锚索轴向变形过程中防止吸能柱偏转、卡塞等情况,保证吸能柱沿锚索轴向均匀变形。10. The energy-absorbing tube is equipped with an anti-deflection baffle ring, which is set between the energy-absorbing column and the anti-shear sleeve, which can prevent the energy-absorbing column from deflecting and jamming during the axial deformation of the energy-absorbing column along the anchor cable. and other conditions, to ensure that the energy-absorbing column is uniformly deformed along the axial direction of the anchor cable.
11.托盘为四角起肋结构,抗弯曲、护表能力强,托盘与抗剪套管螺纹连接、现场拼装,方便运输。11. The pallet is a four-corner ribbed structure, which is resistant to bending and has strong watch protection ability. The pallet is threadedly connected to the shear-resistant casing and assembled on site, which is convenient for transportation.
12.抗剪切套管和吸能柱、吸能管均为圆柱形对称截面,与钻孔形状匹配。适应孔壁岩石各方向剪切变形。12. The shear-resistant casing, the energy-absorbing column and the energy-absorbing pipe are all cylindrical symmetrical sections, which match the shape of the drilled hole. Adapt to the shear deformation of the hole wall rock in all directions.
13.锚索安装完成后,索体及锁具均在抗剪切套管内部,后期吸能柱变形后锁具和索体仍在抗剪切套管内部,不占用巷道内空间,不影响巷道净断面使用,不妨碍巷道内行人和机具运输。13. After the installation of the anchor cable, the cable body and the lock are inside the shear-resistant casing. After the deformation of the energy-absorbing column in the later stage, the lock and the cable body are still inside the shear-resistant casing, which does not occupy the space in the roadway and does not affect the cleanliness of the roadway. The use of cross-section does not hinder the transportation of pedestrians and equipment in the roadway.
14.大变形升阻抗剪切锚索适应不同岩性、强度的岩石,强度和变形性能稳定,不会受到外部岩石环境的影响。这比其他靠摩擦实现恒阻让压的的锚索性能更加稳定。14. The large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable is suitable for rocks of different lithology and strength, and the strength and deformation performance are stable, and will not be affected by the external rock environment. This is more stable than other anchor cables that rely on friction to achieve constant resistance and pressure.
15.吸能柱受力变形后与套筒接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能。15. After the energy-absorbing column is deformed by force, it contacts and rubs with the sleeve. It absorbs energy through its own deformation and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;
图2是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的吸能柱;Fig. 2 is the energy-absorbing column of the large deformation lifting impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;
图3是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的吸能管;Fig. 3 is the energy-absorbing tube of the large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable of the present invention;
图4是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的带肋托盘;Fig. 4 is the ribbed pallet of the present invention's large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable;
图5是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索使用中的结构示意图;Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention's large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable in use;
图6是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的一级让压结构示意图;6 is a schematic diagram of the first-level pressure yielding structure of the large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;
图7是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的二级让压结构示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of a secondary yielding structure of a large-deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;
图8是本发明大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的三级让压结构示意图;8 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage yielding structure of a large deformation rising impedance shear anchor cable of the present invention;
图中:吸能柱-1、带肋托盘-2、边角圆孔-21、抗剪切套管-3、防冲挡板-4、橡胶垫片-41,位移软尺-5、防偏挡圈-6、锥形限位板-7、吸能管a-11、锁具套筒-8、锁具楔体-9、锚索-10,吸能管b-11。In the picture: energy absorption column-1, ribbed tray-2, corner round hole-21, anti-shear sleeve-3, anti-shock baffle-4, rubber gasket-41, displacement tape-5, anti-shear Offset ring-6, conical limit plate-7, energy-absorbing tube a-11, lock sleeve-8, lock wedge-9, anchor cable-10, energy-absorbing tube b-11.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的说明:An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
如图1和图2所示,本发明的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,包括锚索10,锚索10尾端设有吸能柱1, 吸能柱1外侧通过防偏装置设有抗剪切套管3,使吸能柱1轴向设置在抗剪切套管3内,抗剪切套管3尾部固定有带肋托盘2,抗剪切套管3前端通过螺纹连接有与锚索10匹配的锥形结构的锥形限位板7;As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable of the present invention includes an anchor cable 10 , an energy-absorbing column 1 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 10 , and an anti-biasing device is provided on the outside of the energy-absorbing column 1 through an anti-bias device. Shear the casing 3, so that the energy-absorbing column 1 is axially arranged in the anti-shear casing 3, the rear of the anti-shear casing 3 is fixed with a ribbed tray 2, and the front end of the anti-shear casing 3 is threadedly connected with an anchor. The conical limit plate 7 of the conical structure matched with the cable 10;
所述抗剪切套管3为中空圆柱管,吸能柱1前端顶在锥形限位板7内设置,抗剪切套管3和锥形限位板7螺纹连接,通过调整抗剪切套管3和锥形限位板7之间的螺纹长度从而调整抗剪切套管3内部空间长度匹配吸能柱1的长度,满足锚索10抗变形范围的动态设置需求,抗剪切套管3尾部设有防冲挡板4,防冲挡板4内侧设有橡胶垫片41;The anti-shear sleeve 3 is a hollow cylindrical tube, the front end of the energy-absorbing column 1 is placed in the conical limit plate 7, and the anti-shear sleeve 3 and the conical limit plate 7 are threadedly connected. The length of the thread between the sleeve 3 and the conical limit plate 7 can be adjusted to adjust the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve 3 to match the length of the energy-absorbing column 1, so as to meet the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range of the anchor cable 10, and the anti-shear sleeve The tail of the pipe 3 is provided with an anti-shock baffle 4, and the inner side of the anti-shock baffle 4 is provided with a rubber gasket 41;
所述吸能柱1包括多个具有不同变形启动压力的可变形的吸能管11首尾连接构成,如图3所示,左侧的为首个吸能管11,其头部与锥形限位板7匹配,右侧为中段的吸能管11,首尾通过螺纹串联拼装,每节吸能管11的变形启动压力由前向后启动压力台阶式上升,启动压力为锚索屈服强度的50%~70%,从而使吸能柱1不同的变形量对应不同的阻力,通过吸能柱1的变形量直观反应其受力大小;在实际应用现场通过调整吸能管11的数量,能够形成不同长度的吸能柱1,进而满足现场不同工程状况变形量的需求;多节吸能管11的尾端设有锁具套筒8,吸能管11通过锁具套筒楔体9与锚索10尾端紧固。The energy absorbing column 1 includes a plurality of deformable energy absorbing tubes 11 with different deformation starting pressures connected end to end, as shown in FIG. Matching, the right side is the energy-absorbing pipe 11 in the middle section, the head and tail are assembled in series through the thread, the deformation starting pressure of each energy-absorbing pipe 11 rises in steps from front to back, and the starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable. Thereby, different deformations of the energy-absorbing column 1 correspond to different resistances, and the amount of deformation of the energy-absorbing column 1 can intuitively reflect its force; in the actual application site, by adjusting the number of energy-absorbing tubes 11, energy-absorbing columns of different lengths can be formed. 1, and then meet the requirements of the deformation amount of different engineering conditions on site; the rear end of the multi-section energy-absorbing pipe 11 is provided with a lock sleeve 8, and the energy-absorbing pipe 11 is fastened to the tail end of the anchor cable 10 through the lock sleeve wedge 9.
所述防偏装置为多个套在吸能柱1外侧的防偏挡圈6,每个防偏挡圈6均设置在吸能管11与吸能管11首尾连接处并置于吸能柱1和抗剪切套管3之间,防偏挡圈6为钢制圆环结构,防偏挡圈6内孔设置有螺纹与吸能管11端部螺纹配合。所述吸能柱1启动变形压力高于锚索10安装预紧力,构成吸能柱1的每节吸能管11的壁厚由前到后依次增加,从而使吸能管11在压力之下由前向后依次进行变形,吸能管11壁厚最大的变形压力为锚索10破断强度的90%~95%。吸能管11内部设置有环向一周的凹槽用于引导吸能管11变形,到达启动压力后,吸能管11发生压缩变形后横向膨胀变形,正好与抗剪切套管3接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管3的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能。所述吸能管11的不同变形启动压力通过吸能管11壁厚以及其内部凹槽深度来确定,吸能管11横向膨胀变形后与锥形限位板7直接接触的一端为匹配锥形限位板7的锥形。所述防冲挡板4的外边缘能通过螺纹与抗剪切套管3尾端匹配连接,防冲挡板4圆心处设有供位移软尺5通过的圆孔,圆孔边缘有固定的便于安装的碟形结构,防冲挡板4内侧的设置的橡胶垫片41用以防止锚索10破断后冲击防冲挡板4产生火花,所述位移软尺5的一端与锚索10尾端连接,位移软尺5截面为圆形并带有刻度,一端有比锚索直径略大的圆形卡扣连接锚索10索体尾部,另一端露出防冲挡板4的圆孔外。The anti-bias device is a plurality of anti-bias retaining rings 6 sleeved on the outer side of the energy-absorbing column 1, and each anti-bias retaining ring 6 is arranged at the head-to-tail connection of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and is placed on the energy-absorbing column 1 and the energy-absorbing column 1. Between the anti-shear sleeves 3 , the anti-deflection retaining ring 6 is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring 6 is provided with threads to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe 11 . The starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column 1 is higher than the installation pre-tightening force of the anchor cable 10, and the wall thickness of each section of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 constituting the energy-absorbing column 1 increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing pipe 11 can be compressed under pressure. The deformation is performed in sequence from front to back, and the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy absorbing pipe 11 is 90% to 95% of the breaking strength of the anchor cable 10 . The energy-absorbing tube 11 is provided with a circumferential groove for guiding the deformation of the energy-absorbing tube 11. After reaching the starting pressure, the energy-absorbing tube 11 compresses and deforms and then expands and deforms laterally, just in contact with the anti-shear sleeve 3. At the same time, the energy absorption also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve 3 to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation. The different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 and the depth of its internal groove. The end of the energy-absorbing pipe 11 that is in direct contact with the conical limiting plate 7 after lateral expansion and deformation is the matching conical limiting plate. 7 cones. The outer edge of the anti-shock baffle 4 can be connected with the tail end of the anti-shear sleeve 3 through threads. The center of the anti-shock baffle 4 is provided with a circular hole for the displacement soft ruler 5 to pass through. The dish-shaped structure is easy to install. The rubber gasket 41 provided on the inside of the anti-shock baffle 4 is used to prevent the anchor cable 10 from hitting the anti-shock baffle 4 to generate sparks. One end of the displacement tape 5 is connected to the end of the anchor cable 10 End connection, the displacement soft ruler 5 has a circular cross-section with a scale, one end has a circular snap connection slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable 10 to connect the tail of the anchor cable 10, and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle 4.
如图4所示,所述带肋托盘2为中心凸起的碟形,设置有凸起的肋板,中心孔设有内螺纹,内螺纹与抗剪切套管3尾端设置的外螺纹连接,带肋托盘2边角设置有边角圆孔21用于穿铁丝将带肋托盘2与铁丝网或钢带固定,防止锚索10破断后带肋托盘2及抗剪切套管3掉落伤人。As shown in FIG. 4 , the ribbed tray 2 is in the shape of a dish with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib. The center hole is provided with an inner thread, and the inner thread and the outer thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve 3 Connection, the corners of the ribbed tray 2 are provided with corner round holes 21 for threading the ribbed tray 2 with the wire mesh or steel belt to fix it, preventing the ribbed tray 2 and the anti-shear sleeve 3 from falling off after the anchor cable 10 is broken hurt.
如图5、图6、图7和图8所示,一种使用所述大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的施工方法,其步骤为:As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, a construction method for shearing anchor cables using the large deformation and rising impedance, the steps are:
1a利用与锥形限位板7形状及抗剪切套管3尺寸匹配的锥形钻头在巷道壁上施工大直径钻孔,钻孔长度与抗剪切套管3匹配,再在大直径钻孔底部施工安装锚索的同心小直径钻孔;1a Use a conical drill bit that matches the shape of the conical limit plate 7 and the size of the anti-shear casing 3 to construct a large-diameter hole on the roadway wall, and the length of the hole matches the anti-shear casing 3, and then drill the large-diameter hole. Concentric small-diameter drill holes for the construction and installation of anchor cables at the bottom of the hole;
1b将树脂药卷和锚索推入孔底并搅拌,待树脂药卷凝固后,根据现场抗变形需求,旋转锥形限位板7,调节抗剪切套管3内部让压空间长度,而后将抗剪切套管3与带肋托盘2通过螺纹固定并整体装入钻孔临时固定;1b Push the resin coil and anchor cable into the bottom of the hole and stir. After the resin coil is solidified, rotate the conical limit plate 7 according to the on-site anti-deformation requirements, adjust the length of the pressure space inside the anti-shear sleeve 3, and then The anti-shear sleeve 3 and the ribbed tray 2 are fixed by thread and integrally inserted into the drilled hole for temporary fixation;
1c根据实际让压要求,选取不同让压功能的吸能管11,并通过螺纹与防偏挡圈6螺纹串联连接成为匹配抗剪切套管3内部空间长度的吸能柱1,然后将连接好的吸能柱1穿过锚索并固定尾端的锁具套筒8,将吸能柱1整个放入抗剪切套管3,使用铁丝或绳索穿过带肋托盘2的边角圆孔21将带肋托盘2与铁丝网或钢带绑牢;安装锁具套筒8并通过张拉机具张拉锚索10直至达到预紧力后停止;1c According to the actual pressure yielding requirements, select energy-absorbing pipes 11 with different pressure yielding functions, and connect them in series with the anti-bias retaining ring 6 through threads to form an energy-absorbing column 1 that matches the length of the internal space of the anti-shear sleeve 3, and then connect well. The energy-absorbing column 1 passes through the anchor cable and fixes the lock sleeve 8 at the end. Put the entire energy-absorbing column 1 into the anti-shear sleeve 3, and use an iron wire or rope to pass through the corner round hole 21 of the ribbed tray 2. The ribbed tray 2 is fastened with the wire mesh or steel belt; the lock sleeve 8 is installed and the anchor cable 10 is tensioned by the tensioning machine until it reaches the pre-tightening force and stops;
1d将位移软尺5固定在锚索10的尾部,将位移软尺5从防冲挡板4的圆孔中穿过,然后通过螺纹将防冲挡板4固定在抗剪切套管3孔口位置完成安装;1d Fix the displacement soft ruler 5 to the tail of the anchor cable 10, pass the displacement soft ruler 5 through the round hole of the anti-shock baffle 4, and then fix the anti-shear baffle 4 to the 3 hole of the anti-shear sleeve by thread. port position to complete the installation;
一种使用大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的工作方法,其步骤为:A working method for shearing anchor cables using large deformation and rising impedance, the steps are:
2a在高应力作用下,锚索10受到向巷道壁内的拉力逐渐增大,吸能柱1受到的压力逐渐增大,当达到吸能管11的启动吨位的时候,吸能管11随着压力逐级发生压缩变形并发生横向膨胀与抗剪切套管3接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管3的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能;2a Under the action of high stress, the pulling force of the anchor cable 10 into the roadway wall gradually increases, and the pressure on the energy absorbing column 1 gradually increases. When the starting tonnage of the energy absorbing pipe 11 is reached, the energy absorbing pipe 11 gradually increases with the pressure. The compressive deformation occurs in the stage and the lateral expansion occurs in contact with the anti-shear casing 3, which absorbs energy through its own deformation and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear casing 3 to achieve the function of high impedance and large deformation;
2b随着吸能管11的逐级变形吸能柱1随锚索10整体向钻孔内部溃缩,通过与锚索10连接的位移软尺5的移动,从而显示围岩变形大小以及反映吸能柱1的受力情况,对锚索10达到受力极限发生破断起到预警作用;2b With the gradual deformation of the energy-absorbing pipe 11, the energy-absorbing column 1 collapses into the borehole with the anchor cable 10 as a whole, and through the movement of the displacement tape 5 connected with the anchor cable 10, the deformation of the surrounding rock and the energy absorption are displayed. The stress condition of the column 1 plays an early warning role in the breaking of the anchor cable 10 when it reaches the stress limit;
2c当吸能柱1完全变形从而达到其极限后,锚索10依靠自身索体继续变形,达到拉断强度后锚索10发生破断并向孔外方向弹射,设置在抗剪切套管3后端孔口位置的防冲挡板4有效阻挡锚索10的弹射防止伤人。2c When the energy-absorbing column 1 is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable 10 continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the breaking strength, the anchor cable 10 breaks and is ejected to the outside of the hole, and is arranged behind the shear-resistant casing 3. The anti-collision baffle 4 at the position of the port hole effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable 10 to prevent injury to people.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:它包括锚索(10),锚索(10)尾端设有吸能柱(1),吸能柱(1)外侧通过防偏装置设有抗剪切套管(3),使吸能柱(1)轴向设置在抗剪切套管(3)内,抗剪切套管(3)尾部固定有带肋托盘(2),抗剪切套管(3)前端通过螺纹连接有与锚索(10)匹配的锥形结构的锥形限位板(7);A large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable, characterized in that it comprises an anchor cable (10), an energy-absorbing column (1) is arranged at the tail end of the anchor cable (10), and an anti-deviation device passes through the outer side of the energy-absorbing column (1). An anti-shear sleeve (3) is provided, so that the energy-absorbing column (1) is axially arranged in the anti-shear sleeve (3), and a ribbed tray (2) is fixed at the tail of the anti-shear sleeve (3), The front end of the anti-shear sleeve (3) is threadedly connected with a conical limiting plate (7) with a conical structure matched with the anchor cable (10);
    所述抗剪切套管(3)为中空圆柱管,吸能柱(1)前端顶在锥形限位板(7)内设置,抗剪切套管(3)和锥形限位板(7)螺纹连接,通过调整抗剪切套管(3)和锥形限位板(7)之间的螺纹长度从而调整抗剪切套管(3)内部空间长度匹配吸能柱(1)的长度,满足锚索(10)抗变形范围的动态设置需求,抗剪切套管(3)尾部设有防冲挡板(4),防冲挡板(4)内侧设有橡胶垫片(41);The anti-shear sleeve (3) is a hollow cylindrical tube, and the front end of the energy-absorbing column (1) is placed in the conical limit plate (7), and the anti-shear sleeve (3) and the conical limit plate ( 7) Threaded connection, adjust the length of the internal space of the shear-resistant sleeve (3) to match the length of the energy-absorbing column (1) by adjusting the thread length between the shear-resistant sleeve (3) and the conical limit plate (7). The length of the anchor cable (10) meets the dynamic setting requirements of the anti-deformation range. The anti-shear sleeve (3) is provided with an anti-shock baffle (4) at the rear, and a rubber gasket (41) is provided inside the anti-shock baffle (4). );
    所述吸能柱(1)包括多个具有不同变形启动压力的可变形的吸能管(11)首尾连接构成,吸能管(11)的首尾通过螺纹串联拼装,每节吸能管(11)的变形启动压力由前向后启动压力台阶式上升,启动压力为锚索屈服强度的50%~70%,从而使吸能柱(1)不同的变形量对应不同的阻力,通过吸能柱(1)的变形量直观反应其受力大小;在实际应用现场通过调整吸能管(11)的数量,能够形成不同长度的吸能柱(1),进而满足现场不同工程状况变形量的需求;多节吸能管(11)的尾端设有锁具套筒(8),吸能管(11)通过锚索锁具楔体(9)与锚索(10)尾端紧固。The energy absorbing column (1) comprises a plurality of deformable energy absorbing pipes (11) with different deformation starting pressures, which are connected end to end. The starting pressure rises in steps from front to back, and the starting pressure is 50% to 70% of the yield strength of the anchor cable, so that different deformations of the energy absorbing column (1) correspond to different resistances. The deformation amount directly reflects the magnitude of the force; in the actual application site, by adjusting the number of energy-absorbing pipes (11), energy-absorbing columns (1) of different lengths can be formed to meet the deformation requirements of different engineering conditions on site; The tail end of the energy pipe (11) is provided with a lock sleeve (8), and the energy absorption pipe (11) is fastened to the tail end of the anchor cable (10) through the anchor cable lock wedge (9).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:所述防偏装置为多个套在吸能柱(1)外侧的防偏挡圈(6),每个防偏挡圈(6)均设置在吸能管(11)与吸能管(11)首尾连接处并置于吸能柱(1)和抗剪切套管(3)之间,防偏挡圈(6)为钢制圆环结构,防偏挡圈(6)内孔设置有螺纹与吸能管(11)端部螺纹配合。The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-deflection device is a plurality of anti-deflection retaining rings (6) sleeved on the outer side of the energy absorbing column (1), each anti-deflection ring The retaining rings (6) are all arranged at the head-to-tail connection between the energy-absorbing pipe (11) and the energy-absorbing pipe (11) and are placed between the energy-absorbing column (1) and the anti-shear sleeve (3). It is a steel ring structure, and the inner hole of the anti-deflection retaining ring (6) is provided with a thread to cooperate with the end of the energy absorbing pipe (11).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:所述吸能柱(1)启动变形压力高于锚索(10)安装预紧力,构成吸能柱(1)的每节吸能管(11)的壁厚由前到后依次增加,从而使吸能管(11)在压力之下由前先后依次进行变形,吸能管(11)壁厚最大的变形压力为锚索(10)破断强度的90%~95%。The large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the starting deformation pressure of the energy-absorbing column (1) is higher than the installation pre-tightening force of the anchor cable (10), forming the energy-absorbing column (1) The wall thickness of each section of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) increases sequentially from front to back, so that the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is deformed sequentially from the front under pressure, and the maximum deformation pressure of the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is the anchor cable. (10) 90% to 95% of the breaking strength.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:吸能管(11)内部设置有环向一周的凹槽用于引导吸能管(11)变形,到达启动压力后,吸能管(11)发生压缩变形后横向膨胀变形,正好与抗剪切套管(3)接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管(3)的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能。The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is provided with a circumferential groove for guiding the deformation of the energy-absorbing pipe (11), and after reaching the starting pressure, the suction pipe (11) is The energy tube (11) expands and deforms laterally after being compressed and deformed, just in contact and friction with the anti-shear sleeve (3), absorbs energy through its own deformation, and also dissipates energy through friction with the anti-shear sleeve (3) to achieve high impedance Large deformation function.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:所述吸能管(11)的不同变形启动压力通过吸能管(11)壁厚以及其内部凹槽深度来确定,吸能管(11)横向膨胀变形后与锥形限位板(7)直接接触的一端为匹配锥形限位板(7)的锥形。The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: the different deformation starting pressures of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) are determined by the wall thickness of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) and the depth of its internal groove, and the suction pipe (11) The end of the energy tube (11) in direct contact with the conical limiting plate (7) after the lateral expansion and deformation is a conical shape matching the conical limiting plate (7).
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:所述带肋托盘(2)为中心凸起的碟形,设置有凸起的肋板,中心孔设有内螺纹,内螺纹与抗剪切套管(3)尾端设置的外螺纹连接,带肋托盘(2)边角设置有边角圆孔(21)用于穿铁丝将带肋托盘(2)与铁丝网或钢带固定,防止锚索(10)破断后带肋托盘(2)及抗剪切套管(3)掉落伤人。The large-deformation lift-resistance shear anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ribbed tray (2) is a dish-shaped with a raised center, and is provided with a raised rib, and the center hole is provided with an internal thread , the internal thread is connected with the external thread provided at the end of the anti-shear sleeve (3), and the corners of the ribbed tray (2) are provided with corner round holes (21) for threading the ribbed tray (2) with the wire mesh. Or fixed with a steel belt to prevent the ribbed tray (2) and the shear-resistant sleeve (3) from falling and hurting people after the anchor cable (10) is broken.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:所述防冲挡板(4)的外边缘能通过螺纹与抗剪切套管(3)为端匹配连接,防冲挡板(4)圆心处设有供位移软尺(5)通过的圆孔,圆孔边缘有固定的便于安装的碟形结构,防冲挡板(4)内侧的设置的橡胶垫片(41)用以防止锚索(10)破断后冲击防冲挡板(4)产生火花,所述位移软尺(5)的一端与锚索(10)尾端连接。The large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer edge of the anti-shock baffle (4) can be connected to the anti-shear sleeve (3) through threads to match the ends, preventing The center of the punching baffle (4) is provided with a circular hole for the displacement tape (5) to pass through, the edge of the circular hole has a fixed dish-shaped structure that is easy to install, and a rubber gasket ( 41) It is used to prevent sparks from impacting the anti-shock baffle (4) after the anchor cable (10) is broken, and one end of the displacement tape (5) is connected to the tail end of the anchor cable (10).
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的大变形升阻抗剪切锚索,其特征在于:所述位移软尺(5)截面为圆形并带有刻度,一端有比锚索直径略大的圆形卡扣连接锚索(10)索体尾部,另一端露出防冲挡板(4)的圆孔外。The large deformation rising impedance shearing anchor cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: the displacement soft ruler (5) has a circular cross-section with a scale, and one end has a circular buckle slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor cable Connect the tail of the cable body of the anchor cable (10), and the other end is exposed outside the circular hole of the anti-shock baffle (4).
  9. 一种使用上述任一权利要求所述大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的施工方法,其特征在于步骤为:A construction method using the large deformation lifting resistance shear anchor cable described in any of the above claims, characterized in that the steps are:
    1a利用与锥形限位板(7)形状及抗剪切套管(3)尺寸匹配的锥形钻头在巷道壁上施工大直径钻孔,钻孔长度与抗剪切套管(3)匹配,再在大直径钻孔底部施工安装锚索的同心小直径钻孔;1a Use a conical drill bit that matches the shape of the conical limit plate (7) and the size of the anti-shear sleeve (3) to construct a large-diameter hole in the roadway wall, and the length of the drill hole matches the length of the anti-shear sleeve (3). , and then construct a concentric small-diameter hole for installing the anchor cable at the bottom of the large-diameter hole;
    1b将树脂药卷和锚索推入孔底并搅拌,待树脂药卷凝固后,根据现场抗变形需求,旋转锥形限位板(7),调节抗剪切套管(3)内部让压空间长度,而后将抗剪切套管(3)与带肋托盘(2)通过螺纹固定并整体装入钻孔临时固定;1b Push the resin coil and anchor cable into the bottom of the hole and stir. After the resin coil is solidified, rotate the conical limit plate (7) according to the on-site anti-deformation requirements, and adjust the internal pressure of the anti-shear sleeve (3). space length, and then the anti-shear sleeve (3) and the ribbed tray (2) are fixed by thread and integrally inserted into the drilled hole for temporary fixation;
    1c根据实际让压要求,选取不同让压功能的吸能管(11),并通过螺纹与防偏挡圈(6)螺纹串联连接成为匹配抗剪切套管(3)内部空间长度的吸能柱(1),然后将连接好的吸能柱(1)穿过锚索并固定尾端的吸能管(11),将吸能柱(1)整个放入抗剪切套管(3),使用铁丝或绳索穿过带肋托盘(2)边角圆边角圆孔(21)将带肋托盘(2)与铁丝网或钢带绑牢;安装锁具套筒(8)并通过张拉机具张拉锚索(10)直至达到预紧力后停止;1c According to the actual pressure yielding requirements, select energy-absorbing pipes (11) with different pressure yielding functions, and connect them in series with the threads of the anti-bias retaining ring (6) to form an energy-absorbing column matching the length of the internal space of the shear-resistant casing (3). (1), then pass the connected energy-absorbing column (1) through the anchor cable and fix the energy-absorbing tube (11) at the end, put the entire energy-absorbing column (1) into the anti-shear sleeve (3), and use iron wire Or rope through the ribbed tray (2) with rounded corners and corners (21) to fasten the ribbed tray (2) with the wire mesh or steel belt; install the lock sleeve (8) and use the tensioning machine to tension the anchor The cable (10) stops until the preload is reached;
    1d将位移软尺(5)固定在锚索(10)的尾部,将位移软尺(5)从防冲挡板(4)的圆孔中穿过,然后通过螺纹将防冲挡板(4)固定在抗剪切套管(3)孔口位置完成安装。1d Fix the displacement tape (5) at the tail of the anchor cable (10), pass the displacement tape (5) through the round hole of the anti-shock baffle (4), and then thread the anti-shock baffle (4). ) at the orifice of the anti-shear sleeve (3) to complete the installation.
  10. 一种使用上述任一权利要求所述大变形升阻抗剪切锚索的工作方法,其特征在于步骤为:A method of using the large-deformation lift-resistance shearing anchor cable according to any of the above claims, characterized in that the steps are:
    2a在高应力作用下,锚索(10)受到向巷道壁内的拉力逐渐增大,吸能柱(1)受到的压力逐渐增大,当达到吸能管(11)的启动吨位的时候,吸能管(11)随着压力逐级发生压缩变形并发生横向膨胀与抗剪切套管(3)接触摩擦,通过自身变形吸能同时还通过与抗剪切套管(3)的摩擦耗能,实现高阻抗大变形的功能;2a Under the action of high stress, the pulling force of the anchor cable (10) into the roadway wall gradually increases, and the pressure on the energy-absorbing column (1) gradually increases. When the starting tonnage of the energy-absorbing pipe (11) is reached, the suction The energy pipe (11) undergoes compression deformation step by step with the pressure and laterally expands in contact with the anti-shear casing (3), absorbing energy through its own deformation and also dissipating energy through friction with the anti-shear casing (3), Realize the function of high impedance and large deformation;
    2b随着吸能管(11)的逐级变形吸能柱(1)随锚索(10)整体向钻孔内内部溃缩,通过与锚索(10)连接的位移软尺(5)的移动,从而显示围岩变形大小以及反映吸能柱(1)的受力情况,对锚索(10)达到受力极限发生破断起到预警作用;2b With the gradual deformation of the energy absorbing pipe (11), the energy absorbing column (1) collapses into the borehole as a whole along with the anchor cable (10), and through the movement of the displacement tape (5) connected with the anchor cable (10) , so as to display the deformation of surrounding rock and reflect the stress of the energy-absorbing column (1), and play an early warning role for the breakage of the anchor cable (10) when it reaches the stress limit;
    2c当吸能柱(1)完全变形从而达到其极限后,锚索(10)依靠自身索体继续变形,达到拉断强度后锚索(10)发生破断并向孔外方向弹射,设置在抗剪切套管(3)后端孔口位置的防冲挡板(4)有效阻挡锚索(10)的弹射防止伤人。2c When the energy-absorbing column (1) is completely deformed and reaches its limit, the anchor cable (10) continues to deform by its own cable body. After reaching the breaking strength, the anchor cable (10) breaks and is ejected outward from the hole. The anti-collision baffle (4) at the rear end opening of the shearing sleeve (3) effectively blocks the ejection of the anchor cable (10) to prevent injury to people.
PCT/CN2021/128289 2020-11-23 2021-11-03 Large-deformation resistance-increased anti-shearing anchor cable, and construction method and working method thereof WO2022105599A1 (en)

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