WO2022101523A1 - Hybrid, smart electricity generation facility - Google Patents
Hybrid, smart electricity generation facility Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022101523A1 WO2022101523A1 PCT/ES2020/070696 ES2020070696W WO2022101523A1 WO 2022101523 A1 WO2022101523 A1 WO 2022101523A1 ES 2020070696 W ES2020070696 W ES 2020070696W WO 2022101523 A1 WO2022101523 A1 WO 2022101523A1
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the object of the present invention is a hybrid and intelligent power generation plant, that is, it refers to a power generation plant that uses several energy sources in an integrated manner, preferably photovoltaic solar energy. and generation of electricity through turbines, preferably, but not limited to, hydrogen and biogas, where said generation is controlled and managed by a control unit that anticipates consumption and decides which of the energy generators produces it and when produces this energy.
- the present invention is characterized by the special design, configuration, functionality and interaction between the different elements that form part of the invention.
- the object of the present invention is to develop an electric power generation plant that integrates photovoltaic energy production means on the one hand and electric energy production means from hydrogen and/or biogas turbines that allow solve the problems raised and achieve optimization of production and costs based on real centralized consumption, developing a hybrid and intelligent generation plant such as the one It is described below and is collected in its essentials in the first claim.
- the object of the present invention is a hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant comprising:
- - electric power generation means based on turbines, preferably but not limited to, powered by hydrogen and/or biogas.
- An evacuation line for the energy to be marketed that also serves as a supply line for peak demand and ensures energy in case of problems in any other installation and that is arranged in a connection downstream of the means of protection and metering
- VIRTUAL POWER PLANT A plant production management system also known as "VIRTUAL POWER PLANT”, which is in connection with the photovoltaic solar plant, with the means of generating energy by gas turbines, with the means of protection and measurement and with the intelligent network also known as “SMART GRID”.
- a weather station that is connected to the plant's production management system and sends information to the production management system (VIRTUAL POWER PLANT).
- SMART GRID Means of data collection related to consumption, demand peaks and customs of the different types of communities or installations in the use of energy, also known as "SMART GRID" and that is in connection with the energy management system. the production.
- SMART GRID Means of data collection related to consumption, demand peaks and customs of the different types of communities or installations in the use of energy
- SMART GRID Means of data collection related to consumption, demand peaks and customs of the different types of communities or installations in the use of energy
- photovoltaic solar energy has several advantages, on the one hand, the fact that it works with light, it does not need the direct incidence of solar radiation, on the other hand, it requires very low maintenance and without specialized personnel in most of the cases, it also allows installation with one or two axis tracking and allows combination with electrical storage systems, such as batteries.
- batteries as a means of electrical storage gives great versatility to direct electrical generation systems, such as photovoltaic generation systems. Batteries allow energy to be stored during hours of low consumption and to be able to transfer it at peak hours, it also allows supplies to be met in situations of high consumption and short duration, allows to level out possible peaks and guarantee, together with the regulator, the operating stability of the set of plant.
- the gas turbines preferably mixed hydrogen and biogas turbines or hydrogen alone, offer great reliability, are modular and can be installed in series until the desired power is reached, they are easy to install, they only need a hydrogen/biogas connection and another water to recover the heat of "exhaustion" in case you want to use it.
- the production management system of the plant in combination with the means of data collection related to consumption, peaks and consumption habits and with the weather station, produce a synergistic effect on the hybrid plant, since it allows "parameterization” , program and control in advance the production of energy in based on the data obtained, so that efficient management is achieved, which anticipates consumption in a simple and effective way to ensure continuous supply and a rapid response capacity in the event of deviations from forecasts.
- This hybrid and intelligent plant system is based on combining different energy sources in a flow of electricity demand that is managed with the help of the appropriate technology.
- This plant also allows for reduced production costs, greater flexibility in total generation and minimization of transport losses as it is located close to the points of consumption.
- Another of the advantages and novelties of this plant design is the full use of the productive capacity of the photovoltaic plant and the non-dependence on the evacuation and sale of surplus production, eliminating the "dumping" effect, through the conversion of the surplus energy, in the production of hydrogen by electrolysis, turning this into a vector that gives the plant continuity of production in hours of no light radiation.
- this plant design takes advantage of its productive capacity to the maximum possible with the applied technologies, turning it into a STRATEGIC UNIT IN ENERGY PRODUCTION.
- SMART GRID The means of collecting data related to consumption, demand peaks and consumption habits of the community or facility to be fed, also known as "SMART GRID" allow:
- figure 1 we can see the basic scheme of a hybrid and intelligent plant like the one that is the object of the invention and that, as can be seen, comprises a photovoltaic solar plant (1) and a generation system with turbines (2) both connected in its production to means of protection and measurement (5) and these in turn to an evacuation and/or consumption line (18), where in addition to the photovoltaic solar plant (1), the generation system with turbines (2) and the protection and measurement means (5) are governed by a plant control or production management system (3) to which a meteorological station (4) and data collection means (6) relating to the consumption, demand peaks and habits of consumption; where the plant also has some means of thermal storage in the form of steam (7).
- the photovoltaic solar plant (1) comprises a series of photovoltaic panels (8) whose output is connected to a charge regulator (9) to whose output batteries (10) for energy storage and supply are connected at other times. .
- the charge regulator (9) and the batteries (10) are both connected to an inverter (11) responsible for transforming the direct current produced into alternating current.
- the output (12) of the inverter is connected to the protection and metering means (5).
- the generation system with turbines (2) comprises hydrogen production means by an electrolysis plant (14) that is fed from the photovoltaic solar plant itself (1), at the outlet of the electrolysis production means (14) a compressor (15) is connected, to whose outlet a Hydrogen gas storage tank (16) is connected, the tank (16) can receive supply from the outside through an inlet (19) and has an outlet to some gas turbines (17), preferably Hydrogen and/or biogas whose electrical production is in connection with the protection and metering means (5).
- the plant production management system (3) comprises a first control and signaling connection (3.1) with the charge regulator (9) of the photovoltaic plant (1), a second control and signaling connection (3.2) with the meteorological station (4), a third control and signaling signal (3.3) with the generation system with turbines (2), a fourth control and signaling connection (3.4) with the means of protection and measurement (5) and a fifth connection to the distribution network or SMART GRID (6).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
A hybrid, smart facility comprising a photovoltaic solar facility (1) and a turbine generator system (2), both connected in their production to a number of protection and measurement means (5) and these in turn to an evacuation and consumption line (18) where, in addition, the photovoltaic solar facility (1), the turbine generator system (2) and the protection and measurement means (5) are governed by a facility control system or a production management system (3), to which are connected a weather station (4) and means for the capture of data (6) related to consumption, spikes in demand and consumer habits. The facility enables the parametrising, programming and controlling in advance of the production of power in accordance with the data obtained, so that an efficient management is achieved which anticipates consumption effectively and simply, to ensure a continuous supply and a rapid response capability in the event of differences with expectations, always adjusting to the real current demand situation. The facility includes a system for the production of hydrogen by electrolysis, constituting one of the special characteristics thereof and enabling a considerable reduction in the dependence on external inputs for the operation thereof.
Description
PLANTA HIBRIDA E INTELIGENTE DE GENERACIÓN ELÉCTRICA HYBRID AND INTELLIGENT ELECTRICITY GENERATION PLANT
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la presente invención, tal y como el título de la invención establece una planta híbrida e inteligente de generación eléctrica, es decir, hace referencia a una planta de generación eléctrica que emplea varias fuentes de energía de manera integrada, preferentemente energía solar fotovoltaica y generación de electricidad mediante turbinas, preferentemente, pero no de forma limitativa, de hidrógeno y biogás, donde dicha generación es controlada y gestionada mediante una unidad de control que se anticipa al consumo y decide quién de los generadores de energía la produce y cuando se produce dicha energía. The object of the present invention, as the title of the invention establishes, is a hybrid and intelligent power generation plant, that is, it refers to a power generation plant that uses several energy sources in an integrated manner, preferably photovoltaic solar energy. and generation of electricity through turbines, preferably, but not limited to, hydrogen and biogas, where said generation is controlled and managed by a control unit that anticipates consumption and decides which of the energy generators produces it and when produces this energy.
Caracteriza a la presente invención el especial diseño, configuración, funcionalidad e interacción entre los diferentes elementos que forman parte de la invención. The present invention is characterized by the special design, configuration, functionality and interaction between the different elements that form part of the invention.
Por lo tanto, la presente invención se circunscribe dentro del ámbito de los sistemas de generación de energía eléctrica que integran vahas fuentes de suministro. Therefore, the present invention is circumscribed within the scope of electric power generation systems that integrate various supply sources.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el estado de la técnica son de sobra conocidas las plantas de producción de energía solar fotovoltaica, que presenta una serie de ventajas en inconvenientes como los que a continuación exponemos. In the state of the art, photovoltaic solar energy production plants are well known, which have a series of advantages as well as drawbacks such as those that we present below.
Su principal ventaja frente a otros sistemas solares es que funcionan con la radiación lumínica, no necesitan la incidencia directa del rayo solar, por lo que, en días nublados, incluso lluviosos, reducen su productividad, pero no dejan de funcionar. Its main advantage over other solar systems is that they work with light radiation, they do not need the direct incidence of sunlight, so that, on cloudy days, even rainy, they reduce their productivity, but they do not stop working.
Los requisitos de mantenimiento son muy bajos y, en la mayoría de situaciones, no necesita personal muy especializado.
La limpieza de los paneles solares fotovoltaicos es simple, además existe la posibilidad de seguimiento con uno o dos ejes, eliminando el efecto de la incidencia del ángulo del sol, pudiéndose combinar con sistemas de almacenamiento eléctrico. Maintenance requirements are very low and, in most situations, you do not need highly specialized personnel. Cleaning photovoltaic solar panels is simple, and there is also the possibility of tracking with one or two axes, eliminating the effect of the incidence of the angle of the sun, and can be combined with electrical storage systems.
El único inconveniente que presentan es que precisan de grandes extensiones de terreno. The only drawback they present is that they require large extensions of land.
Por otro lado, también son conocidos los sistemas de generación de electricidad mediante el empleo de turbinas de hidrógeno y/o biogás. On the other hand, electricity generation systems using hydrogen and/or biogas turbines are also known.
Estos sistemas de generación de electricidad a partir de turbinas de hidrógeno y/o biogás presentan la situación de contar con un suministro asegurado, ya que, aunque el biogás se suministra conducido por tuberías por el proveedor, el hidrógeno se debe producir in situ o/y almacenarse en tanques para el caso de que la autoproducción no sea la suficiente para cubrir la demanda de las turbinas. These electricity generation systems from hydrogen and/or biogas turbines present the situation of having a guaranteed supply, since, although the biogas is supplied through pipelines by the supplier, the hydrogen must be produced on site or/ and stored in tanks in case self-production is not enough to cover the demand of the turbines.
Por otro lado, a nadie hasta el momento se le ha ocurrido la integración de ambas formas de generación de energía eléctrica de manera que asegure una producción y suministro regular y suficiente basado en energía solar fotovoltaica y turbinas de hidrógeno y/o biogás. On the other hand, to date no one has thought of integrating both forms of electricity generation in such a way as to ensure regular and sufficient production and supply based on photovoltaic solar energy and hydrogen and/or biogas turbines.
La integración de ambos medios de producción de energía eléctrica necesita de una gestión eficiente que anticipe de manera sencilla y eficaz el consumo para asegurar un suministro continuo y estable. Todo ello precisa de unos medios de toma de datos sobre patrones de consumo, picos de consumo, costumbres de los usuarios, etc que con el software adecuado, se conviertan en la información necesaria para ser utilizada en la gestión eficiente de la planta. The integration of both means of electricity production requires efficient management that anticipates consumption in a simple and effective way to ensure a continuous and stable supply. All of this requires means of collecting data on consumption patterns, consumption peaks, user habits, etc., which, with the appropriate software, become the necessary information to be used in the efficient management of the plant.
Por lo tanto, es objeto de la presente invención desarrollar una planta de generación de energía eléctrica que integre unos medios de producción de energía fotovoltaica por un lado y unos medios de producción de energía eléctrica a partir de turbinas de hidrógeno y/o biogás que permitan solucionar los problemas planteados y logre una optimización de producción y costes basados en consumos reales centralizados, desarrollando una planta de generación híbrida e inteligente como la que a
continuación se describe y queda recogida en su esencialidad en la reivindicación primera. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to develop an electric power generation plant that integrates photovoltaic energy production means on the one hand and electric energy production means from hydrogen and/or biogas turbines that allow solve the problems raised and achieve optimization of production and costs based on real centralized consumption, developing a hybrid and intelligent generation plant such as the one It is described below and is collected in its essentials in the first claim.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la presente invención una planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica que comprende: The object of the present invention is a hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant comprising:
- una planta solar fotovoltaica dimensionada en base a la potencia necesaria y al área disponible. - a photovoltaic solar plant sized based on the necessary power and the available area.
- unos medios de almacenaje de la energía eléctrica en baterías y en conexión con la planta solar fotovoltaica. - Means for storing electrical energy in batteries and in connection with the photovoltaic solar plant.
- unos medios de generación de energía eléctrica en base a unas turbinas, preferentemente pero no de forma limitativa, alimentadas por hidrógeno y/o biogás. - electric power generation means based on turbines, preferably but not limited to, powered by hydrogen and/or biogas.
Donde la producción de la planta solar fotovoltaica y la procedente de las turbinas es evacuada hacia unos medios de protección y medida. Where the production of the photovoltaic solar plant and that coming from the turbines is evacuated towards means of protection and measurement.
- Una línea de evacuación de la energía a comercializar que sirve también como línea de alimentación a los picos de demanda y asegurar la energía en caso de problemas en cualquier otra instalación y que está dispuesta en conexión aguas abajo de los medios de protección y medida - An evacuation line for the energy to be marketed that also serves as a supply line for peak demand and ensures energy in case of problems in any other installation and that is arranged in a connection downstream of the means of protection and metering
- Un sistema de gestión de la producción de la planta también conocido como “VIRTUAL POWER PLANT”, que está en conexión con la planta solar fotovoltaica, con los medios de generación de energía por turbinas de gas, con los medios de protección y medida y con la red inteligente también conocida como “SMART GRID”. - A plant production management system also known as "VIRTUAL POWER PLANT", which is in connection with the photovoltaic solar plant, with the means of generating energy by gas turbines, with the means of protection and measurement and with the intelligent network also known as “SMART GRID”.
- Una estación meteorológica que están en conexión con el sistema de gestión de producción de la planta y que envía información al sistema de gestión de la producción (VIRTUAL POWER PLANT). - A weather station that is connected to the plant's production management system and sends information to the production management system (VIRTUAL POWER PLANT).
- Unos medios de toma de datos relativos a los consumos, picos de demanda y costumbres de los distintos tipos de comunidades o instalaciones en el uso de la energía, también conocidos como “SMART GRID” y que esté en conexión con el sistema de gestión de la producción. Estos medios de toma de datos se
componen de una serie de sensores que transmiten la información en tiempo real, que son analizados por un software específico y que son utilizados por el sistema de gestión de la producción (VIRTUAL POWER PLANT) para optimizar los medios de producción. - Means of data collection related to consumption, demand peaks and customs of the different types of communities or installations in the use of energy, also known as "SMART GRID" and that is in connection with the energy management system. the production. These means of data collection They consist of a series of sensors that transmit information in real time, which are analyzed by specific software and used by the production management system (VIRTUAL POWER PLANT) to optimize the means of production.
El empleo de energía solar fotovoltaica presenta varias ventajas, por un lado, el hecho de que funciona con luz, no necesita la incidencia directa de la radiación solar, por otro lado, requiere un mantenimiento muy bajo y sin personal especializado en la mayoría de los casos, además permite la instalación con seguimiento a uno o dos ejes y permite la combinación con sistemas de almacenamiento eléctrico, tales como baterías. The use of photovoltaic solar energy has several advantages, on the one hand, the fact that it works with light, it does not need the direct incidence of solar radiation, on the other hand, it requires very low maintenance and without specialized personnel in most of the cases, it also allows installation with one or two axis tracking and allows combination with electrical storage systems, such as batteries.
El empleo de baterías como medio de almacenamiento eléctrico da una gran versatilidad a los sistemas de generación eléctrica de forma directa, tales como los sistemas de generación fotovoltaicos. Las baterías permiten almacenar energía en las horas de bajo consumo y poder cederla en horas punta, además permite atender suministros en situaciones de alto consumo y poca duración, permite nivelar posibles picos y garantizar, junto con el regulador, la estabilidad de funcionamiento del conjunto de la planta. The use of batteries as a means of electrical storage gives great versatility to direct electrical generation systems, such as photovoltaic generation systems. Batteries allow energy to be stored during hours of low consumption and to be able to transfer it at peak hours, it also allows supplies to be met in situations of high consumption and short duration, allows to level out possible peaks and guarantee, together with the regulator, the operating stability of the set of plant.
Las baterías tienen como inconveniente que pueden llegar a ser el elemento más caro de una instalación y su vida útil depende de los ciclos de carga. Batteries have the drawback that they can become the most expensive element in an installation and their useful life depends on the charging cycles.
Las turbinas de gas, preferentemente serán turbinas mixtas de hidrógeno y biogás o hidrógeno sólo, ofrecen una gran fiabilidad, son modulables y se instalan en serie hasta alcanzar la potencia deseada, se instalan fácilmente, sólo necesitan una conexión de hidrógeno / biogás y otra de agua para recuperar el calor de “exhaustación” en caso que se quiera utilizar. The gas turbines, preferably mixed hydrogen and biogas turbines or hydrogen alone, offer great reliability, are modular and can be installed in series until the desired power is reached, they are easy to install, they only need a hydrogen/biogas connection and another water to recover the heat of "exhaustion" in case you want to use it.
El sistema de gestión de la producción de la planta en combinación con los medios de toma de datos relativos a consumos, picos y costumbres de consumo y con la estación meteorológica, producen un efecto sinérgico sobre la planta híbrida, ya que permite “ param etrizar”, programar y controlar con antelación la producción de energía en
función de los datos obtenidos, de manera que se consigue una gestión eficiente, que anticipa de manera sencilla y eficaz el consumo para asegurar un suministro continuo y una rápida capacidad de respuesta en caso de desviaciones con las previsiones. The production management system of the plant in combination with the means of data collection related to consumption, peaks and consumption habits and with the weather station, produce a synergistic effect on the hybrid plant, since it allows "parameterization" , program and control in advance the production of energy in based on the data obtained, so that efficient management is achieved, which anticipates consumption in a simple and effective way to ensure continuous supply and a rapid response capacity in the event of deviations from forecasts.
Este sistema de planta híbrida e inteligente se basa en combinar diferentes fuentes de energía en un flujo de demanda de electricidad que se gestiona con la ayuda de la tecnología adecuada. This hybrid and intelligent plant system is based on combining different energy sources in a flow of electricity demand that is managed with the help of the appropriate technology.
Permite gestionar la demanda de energía de los usuarios a los que se suministra y paliar las posibles interrupciones de la red. It allows managing the energy demand of the users to whom it is supplied and mitigating possible interruptions in the network.
Esta planta permite, además, reducir los costes de producción, una mayor flexibilidad en la generación total y una minimización de las pérdidas en el transporte al estar situada próxima a los puntos de consumo. This plant also allows for reduced production costs, greater flexibility in total generation and minimization of transport losses as it is located close to the points of consumption.
Otra de las ventajas y novedades de este diseño de planta, es el aprovechamiento total de la capacidad productiva de la planta fotovoltaica y la no dependencia de la evacuación y venta de los excedentes de producción eliminando el efecto “dumping”, a través de la conversión de la energía sobrante, en la producción de hidrógeno por electrólisis, convirtiendo a este en un vector que le da la continuidad de producción a la planta en horas de no radiación lumínica. Another of the advantages and novelties of this plant design is the full use of the productive capacity of the photovoltaic plant and the non-dependence on the evacuation and sale of surplus production, eliminating the "dumping" effect, through the conversion of the surplus energy, in the production of hydrogen by electrolysis, turning this into a vector that gives the plant continuity of production in hours of no light radiation.
Como es sabido, la capacidad productiva de la tecnología fotovoltaica se reduce a las horas de luz, la única solución aplicada en plantas similares es el almacenamiento en baterías, con las consiguientes limitaciones técnicas y económicas que presentan las opciones existentes en el mercado hoy día. As is known, the productive capacity of photovoltaic technology is reduced to hours of light, the only solution applied in similar plants is battery storage, with the consequent technical and economic limitations presented by the options on the market today.
El alto coste actual de las baterías limita totalmente la capacidad de almacenamiento de una instalación ya que, junto a su, relativamente, corto ciclo de vida y la reducción de rendimiento (capacidad de almacenaje) hacen muy difícil un dimensionamiento realmente aprovechable y útil para evacuación y vertido a la red de la energía almacenada.
Este diseño nos permite utilizar los excedentes de producción, es decir la energía que produce la planta fotovoltaica y que no es consumida al momento, no sólo para la carga de las baterías en el momento óptimo, sino que, además, alimenta a la planta de electrólisis para la producción del hidrógeno que consumirán las turbinas cuando sean requeridas. The current high cost of batteries totally limits the storage capacity of an installation since, together with their relatively short life cycle and reduced performance (storage capacity), they make it very difficult to dimension them in a way that is really usable and useful for evacuation. and discharge to the network of the stored energy. This design allows us to use production surpluses, that is, the energy produced by the photovoltaic plant and not consumed at the moment, not only to charge the batteries at the optimum moment, but also to feed the power plant. electrolysis for the production of hydrogen that will be consumed by the turbines when required.
Por todo esto y por la minimización de las pérdidas en transporte debido a la proximidad de los puntos de consumo, este diseño de planta aprovecha su capacidad productiva al máximo posible con las tecnologías aplicadas convirtiéndola en una UNIDAD ESTRATÉGICA EN LA PRODUCCIÓN ENERGÉTICA. For all this and for the minimization of transport losses due to the proximity of consumption points, this plant design takes advantage of its productive capacity to the maximum possible with the applied technologies, turning it into a STRATEGIC UNIT IN ENERGY PRODUCTION.
Los medios de toma de datos relativos a los consumos, picos de demanda y costumbres de consumo de la comunidad o instalación que se busca alimentar, también conocidos como “SMART GRID” permiten: The means of collecting data related to consumption, demand peaks and consumption habits of the community or facility to be fed, also known as "SMART GRID" allow:
- obtener un sistema energético sostenible y eficiente, con bajas pérdidas, altos niveles de calidad y seguridad de suministro. - obtain a sustainable and efficient energy system, with low losses, high levels of quality and security of supply.
- Una transmisión más eficiente de la electricidad. - A more efficient transmission of electricity.
- Un restablecimiento más rápido y eficaz tras una interrupción del servicio.- Faster and more efficient restoration after a service interruption.
- Una reducción en las operaciones y en sus costes. - A reduction in operations and their costs.
- Una integración a gran escala de sistemas de energías renovables - A large-scale integration of renewable energy systems
- Una integración más eficiente de sistemas en los que la comunidad o instalación sean los consumidores. - A more efficient integration of systems in which the community or installation are the consumers.
- Una capacidad de respuesta rápida en caso de diferencias con lo previsto, ajustándose siempre a la situación real y actual de la demanda - A rapid response capacity in case of differences with the forecast, always adjusting to the real and current situation of the demand
Salvo que se indique lo contrario, todos los elementos técnicos y científicos usados en la presente memoria poseen el significado que habitualmente entiende un experto normal en la técnica a la que pertenece esta invención. En la práctica de la presente invención se pueden usar procedimientos y materiales similares o equivalentes a los descritos en la memoria.
A Io largo de la descripción y de las reivindicaciones la palabra “comprende” y sus vahantes no pretenden excluir otras características técnicas, aditivos, componentes o pasos. Para los expertos en la materia, otros objetos, ventajas y características de la invención se desprenderán en parte de la descripción y en parte de la práctica de la invención. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific elements used herein have the meaning ordinarily understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice of the present invention. Throughout the description and claims, the word "comprises" and its vahants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in part from the description and in part from the practice of the invention.
EXPLICACION DE LAS FIGURAS EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un esquema donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of its practical embodiment, a diagram is attached as an integral part of said description, where with illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented:
En la figura 1 , podemos observar una representación esquemática de todos los elementos que intervienen en la planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica de la invención y la interconexión entre los diferentes elementos. In Figure 1, we can see a schematic representation of all the elements involved in the hybrid and intelligent power generation plant of the invention and the interconnection between the different elements.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION.
A la vista de las figuras se describe seguidamente un modo de realización preferente de la invención propuesta. In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below.
En la figura 1 podemos observar el esquema básico de una planta híbrida e inteligente como la que es objeto de la invención y que, como puede observarse, comprende una planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ) y un sistema de generación con turbinas (2) ambos conectados en su producción a unos medios de protección y medida (5) y estos a su vez a una línea de evacuación y/o consumo (18), donde además la planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ), el sistema de generación con turbinas (2) y los medios de protección y medida (5) están gobernados por un sistema de control de planta o gestión de la producción (3) al cual está conectado una estación meteorológica (4) y unos medios de toma de datos (6) relativos a los consumos, picos de demanda y costumbres de
consumo; donde además la planta cuenta con unos medios de almacenamiento térmico en forma de vapor (7). In figure 1 we can see the basic scheme of a hybrid and intelligent plant like the one that is the object of the invention and that, as can be seen, comprises a photovoltaic solar plant (1) and a generation system with turbines (2) both connected in its production to means of protection and measurement (5) and these in turn to an evacuation and/or consumption line (18), where in addition to the photovoltaic solar plant (1), the generation system with turbines (2) and the protection and measurement means (5) are governed by a plant control or production management system (3) to which a meteorological station (4) and data collection means (6) relating to the consumption, demand peaks and habits of consumption; where the plant also has some means of thermal storage in the form of steam (7).
La planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ) comprende una serie de paneles fotovoltaicos (8) cuya salida está conexión con un regulador de carga (9) a cuya salida se conectan unas baterías (10) de almacenamiento de energía y suministro de la misma en otras ocasiones. El regulador de carga (9) y las baterías (10) están ambos conectados a un inversor (11 ) encargado de transformar la corriente continua producida en corriente alterna. La salida (12) del inversor está en conexión con los medios de protección y medida (5). The photovoltaic solar plant (1) comprises a series of photovoltaic panels (8) whose output is connected to a charge regulator (9) to whose output batteries (10) for energy storage and supply are connected at other times. . The charge regulator (9) and the batteries (10) are both connected to an inverter (11) responsible for transforming the direct current produced into alternating current. The output (12) of the inverter is connected to the protection and metering means (5).
El sistema de generación con turbinas (2) comprende unos medios de producción de hidrogeno por una planta de electrólisis (14) que es alimentada desde la propia planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ), a la salida de los medios de producción de electrólisis (14) hay conectado un compresor (15), a cuya salida está conectado un tanque (16) de almacenamiento de gas Hidrógeno, el tanque (16) puede recibir suministro desde el exterior a través de una entrada (19) y cuenta con una salida hacia unas turbinas de gas (17), preferentemente de Hidrógeno y/o biogás cuya producción eléctrica está en conexión con los medios de protección y medida (5). The generation system with turbines (2) comprises hydrogen production means by an electrolysis plant (14) that is fed from the photovoltaic solar plant itself (1), at the outlet of the electrolysis production means (14) a compressor (15) is connected, to whose outlet a Hydrogen gas storage tank (16) is connected, the tank (16) can receive supply from the outside through an inlet (19) and has an outlet to some gas turbines (17), preferably Hydrogen and/or biogas whose electrical production is in connection with the protection and metering means (5).
El sistema de gestión de la producción de la planta (3) comprende una primera conexión de mando y señalización (3.1 ) con el regulador de carga (9) de la planta fotovoltaica (1 ), una segunda conexión de mando y señalización (3.2) con la estación meteorológica (4), una tercera señal de mando y señalización (3.3) con el sistema de generación con turbinas (2), una cuarta conexión de mando y señalización (3.4) con los medios de protección y medida (5) y una quinta conexión con la red de distribución o SMART GRID (6). The plant production management system (3) comprises a first control and signaling connection (3.1) with the charge regulator (9) of the photovoltaic plant (1), a second control and signaling connection (3.2) with the meteorological station (4), a third control and signaling signal (3.3) with the generation system with turbines (2), a fourth control and signaling connection (3.4) with the means of protection and measurement (5) and a fifth connection to the distribution network or SMART GRID (6).
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, se hace constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba, siempre que no altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental.
Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is stated that, within its essentiality, it may be put into practice in other embodiments that differ in detail from the one indicated by way of example. , and to which the protection sought will also apply, provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.
Claims
1.- Planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica caracterizada porque comprende: 1.- Hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant characterized in that it comprises:
- una planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ) - a photovoltaic solar plant (1)
- unos medios de almacenaje de la energía eléctrica en baterías (10) y en conexión con la planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ) - means of storing electrical energy in batteries (10) and in connection with the photovoltaic solar plant (1)
- unos medios de generación de energía eléctrica en base a unas turbinas (2),- means of generating electrical energy based on turbines (2),
- donde la producción de la planta solar fotovoltaica y la procedente de las turbinas es evacuada hacia unos medios de protección y medida (5) - where the production of the photovoltaic solar plant and that from the turbines is evacuated to means of protection and measurement (5)
- Una línea de evacuación (18) de la energía a comercializar que está dispuesta en conexión aguas abajo de los medios de protección y medida (5). - An evacuation line (18) of the energy to be marketed that is arranged in connection downstream of the protection and metering means (5).
- Un sistema de gestión de la producción de planta (6) también conocido como “VIRTUAL POWER PLANT” que está en conexión con la planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ), con los medios de generación de energía en base a turbinas (17), con la planta de producción de hidrógeno por electrólisis (14) y con los medios de protección y medida (5), y con la red de distribución inteligente o SMART GRID. - A plant production management system (6) also known as "VIRTUAL POWER PLANT" that is in connection with the photovoltaic solar plant (1), with the means of power generation based on turbines (17), with the hydrogen production plant by electrolysis (14) and with the means of protection and measurement (5), and with the intelligent distribution network or SMART GRID.
- Una estación meteorológica (4) que están en conexión con el sistema de gestión de la producción de la planta (3). - A meteorological station (4) that are in connection with the production management system of the plant (3).
- Unos medios de toma de datos (6) relativos a los consumos, picos de demanda y costumbres de consumo de la comunidad o instalación que se busca alimentar, que está en conexión con el sistema de gestión de la producción de la planta (3), donde estos medios de toma de datos se componen de una serie de sensores que transmiten la información en tiempo real. - Means of data collection (6) related to consumption, demand peaks and consumption habits of the community or facility to be fed, which is in connection with the plant's production management system (3) , where these means of data collection are made up of a series of sensors that transmit information in real time.
2.- Planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica según la reivindicación 1 caracterizada porque la planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ) comprende una serie de paneles fotovoltaicos (8) cuya salida conecta con un regulador de carga (9) a cuya salida se conectan las baterías (10), donde el regulador de carga (9) y las baterías (10) están ambos conectados a un inversor (11 ) encargado de transformar la
corriente continua producida en corriente alterna y la salida (12) del inversor está en conexión con los medios de protección y medida (5). 2. Hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic solar plant (1) comprises a series of photovoltaic panels (8) whose output connects to a charge regulator (9) to whose output they are connected the batteries (10), where the charge regulator (9) and the batteries (10) are both connected to an inverter (11) in charge of transforming the direct current produced in alternating current and the output (12) of the inverter is in connection with the protection and measurement means (5).
3.- Planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica según la reivindicación 1 ó 2 caracterizada porque el sistema de generación con turbinas (2) comprende unos medios de producción de hidrógeno por medio de electrólisis (14) que son alimentados desde la propia planta solar fotovoltaica (1 ), a la salida de los medios de producción por electrólisis (14) hay conectado un compresor (15) y a cuya salida está conectado un tanque (16) de almacenamiento de hidrógeno, donde el tanque (16) cuenta con una entrada (19) para el suministro de gas desde el exterior y cuenta con una salida hacia unas turbinas de gas (17), la producción eléctrica está en conexión con los medios de protección y medida (5) y es gestionada por el sistema de control o VIRTUAL POWER PLANT . 3. Hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the generation system with turbines (2) comprises hydrogen production means by means of electrolysis (14) that are fed from the plant itself solar photovoltaic (1), at the outlet of the means of production by electrolysis (14) a compressor (15) is connected and to whose outlet a hydrogen storage tank (16) is connected, where the tank (16) has a input (19) for the supply of gas from the outside and has an output to gas turbines (17), electricity production is in connection with the means of protection and metering (5) and is managed by the control system or VIRTUAL POWER PLANT.
4.- Planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizada porque el sistema de gestión de la producción de la planta (3) comprende una primera conexión de mando y señalización (3.1 ) con el regulador de carga (9) de la planta fotovoltaica (1 ), una segunda conexión de mando y señalización (3.2) con la estación meteorológica (4), una tercera señal de mando y señalización (3.3) con el sistema de generación por electrólisis, una cuarta conexión de mando y señalización de las turbinas (3.4), una quinta con los armarios de protección y medida (5) y una sexta conexión con la red de distribución inteligente o SMART GRID (6 ). 4. Hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant's production management system (3) comprises a first control and signaling connection (3.1) with the charge regulator ( 9) of the photovoltaic plant (1), a second control and signaling connection (3.2) with the weather station (4), a third command and signaling signal (3.3) with the electrolysis generation system, a fourth connection of control and signaling of the turbines (3.4), a fifth with the protection and measurement cabinets (5) and a sixth connection with the intelligent distribution network or SMART GRID (6).
5.- Planta híbrida e inteligente de generación de energía eléctrica según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizada porque el sistema de generación con turbinas (2) es mediante Hidrógeno y biogás o exclusivamente hidrógeno.
5. Hybrid and intelligent electric power generation plant according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generation system with turbines (2) is by means of Hydrogen and biogas or exclusively hydrogen.
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| PCT/ES2020/070696 WO2022101523A1 (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Hybrid, smart electricity generation facility |
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