WO2022090586A1 - Système de recirculation et/ou de conditionnement d'air à utiliser comme vaccination - Google Patents

Système de recirculation et/ou de conditionnement d'air à utiliser comme vaccination Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022090586A1
WO2022090586A1 PCT/ES2020/070664 ES2020070664W WO2022090586A1 WO 2022090586 A1 WO2022090586 A1 WO 2022090586A1 ES 2020070664 W ES2020070664 W ES 2020070664W WO 2022090586 A1 WO2022090586 A1 WO 2022090586A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
inactivation
recirculation
space
conditioning system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2020/070664
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Justo RICO AMAT
Miguel Angel Barajas Velez
Alfredo RESANO LIZALDRE
José Tomás GARCIA ZABALZA
José Javier GARCIA BEROIZ
Original Assignee
Trim Biotech, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trim Biotech, S.L. filed Critical Trim Biotech, S.L.
Priority to PCT/ES2020/070664 priority Critical patent/WO2022090586A1/fr
Publication of WO2022090586A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022090586A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is recirculation and/or air conditioning systems, and more specifically systems that allow combating pathogenic microorganisms, such as viruses and bacteria, and their potential use as a vaccine.
  • Examples of the wavelengths of the emitted ultraviolet light used in the patents found are 253.7 nm (CN205002276U, EP1631326A1), 254 nm (CN2884003Y), and 185 nm (CN2884003Y).
  • germicidal substances such as electrolyzed water (JP2008232552A, JP2008175475A), vinegar (CN207019223U), natural herbal extracts (CN205383694U), sumac extract (EP2314303B1), ginkgo extract (EP2314302B1), formaldehyde (CN 105444303U)6 CN9223038, , Hypochlorous Acid Water (JP2013148327A), Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents (JP2010002155A), Argon Neon Mercury Gas Mixture (CN101066466A).
  • electrolyzed water JP2008232552A, JP2008175475A
  • vinegar CN207019223U
  • natural herbal extracts CN205383694U
  • sumac extract EP2314303B1
  • ginkgo extract EP2314302B1
  • formaldehyde CN 105444303U
  • JP2010002155A Hypochlorous Acid Water
  • Chinese patent application CN110894991A deals with an indoor air conditioning system, which has inside a sterilizing ultraviolet light source that irradiates the internal parts of the heat exchanger, such as the internal wall or the air ducts, radiation that it is able to quickly kill viruses and bacteria.
  • Cigar patent application CN 108088061 A deals with a sterilizing device that is located inside air conditioning systems, which includes an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp located inside, capable of disinfecting the internal casing of an air conditioning system, more specifically germs such as viruses and bacteria that accumulate inside the heat exchanger parts of the air conditioning system, if they are not cleaned frequently.
  • Chinese patent application CN103277846A deals with an air purifying equipment using photocatalytic light, which consists of a casing, air inlet and outlet, a set of filters, a sterilizing ultraviolet lamp, and an exhaust fan.
  • the equipment is capable of killing viruses and bacteria from the ambient air introduced into the equipment, as well as degrading organic compounds and eliminating all kinds of peculiar odours.
  • Chinese Utility Model CN205227519U describes an indoor air purifying equipment, consisting of an outdoor air inlet, an ultraviolet lamp inside, a fan, filters, an air outlet, and a centrifugal impeller. The team uses a combination of ultraviolet light and catalytic light to purify viruses, bacteria, and fungi from the environment. b) elimination of the microorganism by UV in large spaces:
  • Chinese Patent CN101982704B deals with air treatment equipment to be installed in large public spaces and buildings such as hospitals, shopping malls, airport terminals, train and subway stations, etc.
  • the equipment consists of an air inlet, an air outlet, and an air treatment system consisting of an air conditioning unit, a chemical detector, a chemical sterilizer, a filter, and an ultraviolet lamp.
  • the equipment is capable of treating germs and toxic chemical agents present in the air, thus protecting people.
  • UV removal on aircraft
  • European Patent Application EP1631326A1 deals with an air conditioning system capable of disinfecting the air, to be installed inside an aircraft, for example, in the cabin.
  • the system comprises an air recirculation circuit and a UVC radiation unit to irradiate the air with ultraviolet light.
  • the recirculation circuit comprises a fan with the air inlet connected to a mechanical filter and the air outlet connected to an air mixing unit.
  • Ultraviolet light has a wavelength of 253.7 nm.
  • the system of the present invention is novel and goes a step beyond the state of the art, since in addition to inactivating pathogens, it is capable of reusing the already inactivated pathogen and recirculating it to a public space, in order to be used to stimulate the immune system of the recipient organism, such as that of a person.
  • the object of the invention is an air recirculation and/or conditioning system for a public space that allows the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, etc.) coming from infected people in the public space. Said inactivation is carried out through the damage of its genetic material (DNA or RNA) by means of inactivation.
  • These means of inactivation can be physical (ultraviolet light, heat, etc.) or chemical (detergents, hydrogen peroxide, formalin, phenol, etc.) or any other means that allows the blocking of its replication capacity while maintaining its immunogenic capacity, to its potential use as a vaccine.
  • the pathogenic microorganism is inactivated, it is recirculated by the system to said public space so that it is inhaled by organisms, such as a person, and in this way the inactivated pathogenic microorganism is used as a vaccine for non-infected people. present in the public space when inhaling said inactivated pathogenic microorganism.
  • the system comprises at least one recirculating inactivation module traversed by recirculating air configured to inactivate the recirculating pathogenic microorganism by means of an inactivation medium.
  • a definition of a vaccine for example, according to the Cambridge dictionary, is “a substance containing a virus or bacteria in a form that is not harmful, and that is given to a person or animal, in order to prevent them from contracting the disease. that causes said virus or bacteria.
  • the Merrian-Webster dictionary defines a vaccine as "a preparation of killed microorganisms, attenuated microorganisms, or fully virulent live microorganisms, which is administered for the purpose of artificially producing increased immunity to disease.”
  • WHO World Health Organization
  • a vaccine helps the immune system recognize and fight pathogens such as viruses or bacteria, keeping us safe from the diseases they cause.
  • Vaccines protect against more than 25 debilitating or deadly diseases, including influenza, measles, polio, tetanus, diphtheria, meningitis, typhoid, cervical cancer, and more.
  • the system of the invention not only has a sterilizing effect on the microorganisms in the environment, but also recirculates the inactivated microorganism into the air for use as a vaccine for the people around it.
  • retention systems HEPA filters, nano-rubber filter, sponge roller group/cartridge set, nanogels, bamboo charcoal filter screen, etc. that have as subject to the removal of pathogenic microorganisms from the environment, whether or not they have been previously inactivated.
  • the system comprises at least one module for inactivating the public space configured to inactivate the pathogenic microorganism directly in the space to be conditioned by means of an inactivation medium.
  • This configuration for small or limited spaces such as an elevator, it acts directly on the environment, for example through the use of ultraviolet light or other direct application systems.
  • This inactivation module in conjunction with the inactivation module present in the recirculation circuit provides a more effective disinfection and use as a more effective vaccination method.
  • the inactivation module For the inactivation of the pathogenic microorganism and its subsequent use as a vaccine, it is necessary to set intensity parameters of the inactivation medium that allow inactivating without killing the pathogenic microorganism for use as a vaccine.
  • the system comprises at least one recirculating air analysis module to detect the type of pathogenic microorganism.
  • said air analysis module adjusts the inactivation medium and its intensity depending on the pathogenic microorganism detected.
  • the system is autonomous and versatile, enabling the inactivation of any pathogenic microorganism, including future pathogens that may arise, by allowing the detection and regulation of the inactivation medium to be applied by any of the inactivation modules.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows the system object of the present invention according to a Example of preferred practical embodiment, and not limiting, corresponding to the version in which, to inactivate the pathogenic microorganism, the air containing it is introduced inside the recirculation system, and once the organism is inside the system, it it is inactivated by a recirculation inactivation module located in the recirculation loop of the system.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows an example of an alternative embodiment corresponding to the version in which the microorganism is additionally inactivated directly on surfaces or in the environment of the same concurrence space.
  • the object of the invention is an air recirculation and/or air conditioning system that allows the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, etc.) through the damage of their genetic material (DNA or RNA) by means of physical means ( ultraviolet light, heat, etc.) or chemicals (detergents, hydrogen peroxide, formalin, phenol, etc.) or any other means that allows the blocking of its replication capacity, maintaining its immunogenic capacity for its potential use as a vaccine, being known that the inhalation of an inactivated microorganism can be useful to stimulate the immune system of recipient organisms, such as people, and can act as a vaccine.
  • pathogenic microorganisms viruses, bacteria, etc.
  • DNA or RNA DNA or RNA
  • chemicals detergents, hydrogen peroxide, formalin, phenol, etc.
  • any other means that allows the blocking of its replication capacity, maintaining its immunogenic capacity for its potential use as a vaccine, being known that the inhalation of an inactivated microorganism can be useful
  • Figure 1 shows a non-limiting example of a preferred practical embodiment of this air conditioning system, corresponding to the version in which, to inactivate the pathogenic microorganism, the air containing it is introduced inside the system, and once the organism is inside the system, it is inactivated.
  • Said protocol allows to modulate and adapt the operation of the facilities to the environmental and biological parameters, thus adjusting the system its operation in time. real, to achieve maximum efficiency and minimum risk, always with the best possible energy and environmental efficiency.
  • the system obtains air from the outside by passing said outside air through an analysis and control module (1) of the air necessary to have knowledge of the parameters of this "raw" material, which will be the medium through which the pathogenic microorganisms will move. , and that allow establishing the basic criteria for the operation of the systems of neutralization and reduction of possibilities of contagion.
  • These fundamental parameters of the air to be analyzed include temperature, pressure, humidity, speed, suspended particles (classified according to origin, size and composition), biological parameters (type of pathogen, etc.), and others that are deemed appropriate.
  • Said outside air analyzed is filtered in a filter module (2) that can filter suspended particles.
  • This filtering is necessary to eliminate those elements existing in the outside air that could be a vehicle for the possible transport of pathogens, either directly, or by increasing the possibility of aerosol formation.
  • the filtered outdoor air is mixed with the air that is recirculated within the system from the space (8) and that, due to the presence of infected people, contains pathogenic microorganisms.
  • the mixing must be done considering the analytical values of both airs, the external inlet air and the recirculated air through the circuit of the system itself, adapting said mixture to the most appropriate parameters based on the measurements of the system's operation.
  • the mixed air is then treated in the air treatment unit (4) (AHU). It is preferably a conventional air conditioner, although it should be easily cleanable.
  • the treated air is analyzed in a recirculation pathogen inactivation module (5) located in the system circuit itself, so that the air parameters (temperature, humidity, etc.) and the type of contamination are determined.
  • pathogenic microorganism present in the air taking into account both its possible toxicity and its vulnerability (possibility of inactivation through the means described below), and fundamentally takes into account the vehicles (for example, the micro particles that contain the pathogens) , to prevent contagion.
  • the module inactivation of recirculating pathogens (5) selects the appropriate inactivation medium for the type of pathogenic microorganism detected.
  • the means of inactivation of known microorganisms that will be used in the inactivation module (5) work in such a way that the inactivation of the pathogen is achieved, without reaching its total destruction.
  • pathogen inactivation examples of these are the use of ultraviolet light, heating, the use of electrodes, the use of ion generators, electrostatic fields, plasma, corona effect, magnetic fields, microwaves, etc.
  • the pathogen inactivation effect of most physical media is adaptive by regulating its intensity. So that once the air parameters have been obtained and the type of pathogenic microorganism determined, the recirculation pathogen inactivation module (5) regulates the intensity of the physical medium to be used for the inactivation of the pathogen.
  • the recirculating pathogen inactivation module (5) will activate any of the four mentioned inactivation methods.
  • the invention aims to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 by ultraviolet light.
  • a wavelength of 254 nm is lethal for SARS-CoV-2, and even that at a wavelength of 222 nm this virus can be inactivated with the advantage that ultraviolet light is not harmful to the human being
  • inactivating pathogens examples of these are the use of electrolyzed water, catalytic plates, inactivating substances such as vinegar, extracts of natural herbs, sumac extract, ginkgo extract, formaldehyde, water of hypochlorous acid, antimicrobial and antiviral agents, gas mixture of argon, neon and mercury, etc.
  • the pathogen inactivation effect of most chemical media is adjustable by regulating the amount and concentration of the applied compound.
  • the recirculation pathogen inactivation module (5) regulates the quantity/concentration of the chemical medium to be used for the inactivation of the pathogen.
  • ultraviolet light is of special interest, since it is effective in modifying the genetic material (DNA, RNA) of the pathogen, preventing its spread, but without altering its morphology and structure. .
  • the system preferably comprises a second pathogen inactivation module (6), preferably separated by at least 5 meters from the first module, to be used in the event that bacterial infections are detected in the analysis, so that in this pathogen inactivation module (6) the spores are eliminated.
  • the treatment would consist, for example, of making the spores germinate (for example, at 37 °C for 12-24 h) to later inactivate them by means of any conventional inactivation means for bacteria (eg: ultraviolet light , heating, etc.) Ideally it would be installed as a "bypass" on the same circuit as a safety measure.
  • the treated air passes through a second air analysis and control module (7), which is placed prior to the entrance of the treated air to the public area of concurrence (8), and after pathogen inactivation modules (5, 6).
  • This module measures air parameters such as the correct inactivation of pathogens, in addition to parameters related to the presence of particles, humidity, temperature, etc.
  • This module can also trigger precautionary measures in case of finding any parameter not adjusted to the program.
  • the recirculated air with the inactivated pathogens that is returned to the public space (8) is regulated, being able to redirect the air currents to minimize the possible contagion of the public.
  • the air parameters are controlled by internal analysis sensors (9) located in the same public space (8).
  • the internal analysis sensors (9) may also include the possibility of obtaining data or detecting variables on the occupation of the space (8), such as through sensors, cameras or a combination of both. In this way, parameters such as the level of occupation, type of public inside, geometric characteristics, characteristics of spatial organization, functional sectorization, etc. can be obtained.
  • Knowing the occupancy allows knowing not only the number of people, but also verifying their position, to avoid concentrations at inappropriate levels, and in any case modulate the operation of the ventilation.
  • the space for public attendance (8) comprises inactivated pathogenic microorganisms that will be inhaled by the people present in the space (8), providing them with a vaccination effect.
  • the system preferably also comprises a third air analysis and control module (10).
  • This module is placed at the outlet of the treated air from the public space, in order to verify that it meets the parameters for the presence of particles, humidity, temperature etc
  • This module can also trigger precautionary measures in case of finding any parameter not adjusted to the program. So that a certain proportion of the air in the public space is expelled to the outside by means of a module for expelling the treated air to the outside (11).
  • the operation of the facilities is also modulated and adapted to the environmental and biological parameters in real time, thus adjusting the operation of the facilities to achieve the maximum parameters of efficiency and minimum risk, always with the best possible energy and environmental efficiency. .
  • Figure 2 schematically shows the system object of the present invention according to a second alternative and non-limiting example of practical embodiment, in which the microorganism, in addition to being inactivated in the system itself, is additionally inactivated directly on surfaces or in the environment. of the public space itself (8) where the subjects are.
  • This alternative embodiment is preferred when the system is installed in public places with small spaces, for example, in elevators. In these places, the use of means to eliminate pathogens from surfaces and the environment directly in the public space (8), for example, ultraviolet light, would be activated by motion detection systems, allowing the inactivation of pathogens when not present. the presence of people was detected.
  • the inactivated microorganism after inactivation, is returned to the environment so that it fulfills the function of a potential vaccine against the pathology that said pathogen would cause if it were found in a non-inactivated condition (wild version, from the English “Wild Type (WT)”).
  • the use of the recirculation and/or air conditioning system is intended for public places (8), such as: a. Open spaces such as hospitals, shopping malls, schools and universities, gyms, companies, theaters, supermarkets, processing plants or storage or distribution of food such as fruits, vegetables, meat, etc.;
  • the first embodiment of the invention is preferred for this type of space, where the inactivation of the pathogen is carried out in the air conditioning system, specifically in at least one recirculation inactivation module (5) crossed by the circulating air.
  • b. Small spaces such as elevators and vehicles, which cannot ensure a reasonable safety distance.
  • the second alternative embodiment of the invention is preferred, in which the inactivation can be both in the recirculation inactivation module (5) and in the public concurrence space inactivation module (12); for example, by using ultraviolet light in situ, given the reduced size or internal distance of this space.
  • This system can also be applied and used in places of processing and/or storage or distribution of food for human use, such as fruits, vegetables and meats. Examples of these places are fruit or vegetable auction markets, conservation chambers, or auction systems.
  • the purpose of the air conditioning and/or recirculation system would thus be to avoid contamination of the product, of the handlers, and of the consumers.
  • the system is also applicable to ventilators used for COVID-19 patients, where the virus they expel could be inactivated by the breathing system and recirculated to the patient.
  • the system is designed in such a way that it is adaptable to the inactivation of any pathogen.
  • the pathogenic microorganism(s) that are the object of inactivation of the present invention are, without limitation, bacteria, viruses, mites, mold, fungi, and yeast; or their combinations.
  • the working conditions and system parameters will be optimized for the pathogen to be inactivated. If necessary, the system would also allow the complete elimination of the pathogen, for example, by increasing the parameters used such as temperature, pressure, etc.
  • bacteria object of inactivation of the invention are Legiononella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger, or their combinations.
  • virus object of inactivation of the invention examples include the H1N1 influenza virus, the Ebola virus, the bird flu virus, the swine flu, MERS virus, coronary virus, SARS virus, among which the current SARS-CoV2, and other infectious viruses; or their combinations.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un système de recirculation et/ou de conditionnement d'air. Ce système de recirculation d'air possède des moyens d'inactivation de microorganismes pathogènes présents dans un espace public , tels que des virus et des bactéries, bloquant leur capacité de réplication par les dommages causés à leur matériel génétique (ADN ou ARN), mais préservant leur capacité immunogène. Ce système va plus loin que le procédé actuel qui consiste à inactiver et éliminer les microorganismes pathogènes de l'environnement, étant donné qu'une fois les microorganismes inactivés, il est possible de les remettre en circulation alors qu'ils sont inactivés dans l'espace public d'où ils proviennent, de sorte que ceux-ci soient inhalés par les sujets présents dans ledit environnement, par exemple, par des personnes et fait office de vaccin, en leur conférant une immunité contre lesdits microorganismes pathogènes.
PCT/ES2020/070664 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Système de recirculation et/ou de conditionnement d'air à utiliser comme vaccination WO2022090586A1 (fr)

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PCT/ES2020/070664 WO2022090586A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Système de recirculation et/ou de conditionnement d'air à utiliser comme vaccination

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PCT/ES2020/070664 WO2022090586A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Système de recirculation et/ou de conditionnement d'air à utiliser comme vaccination

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20240142124A1 (en) * 2021-08-16 2024-05-02 Madhavan Pisharodi System for delivery of inactivated pathogens for contactless passive immunization

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5616172A (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-04-01 Nature's Quarters, Inc. Air treatment system
US20120199003A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-08-09 Technical University Of Denmark Device and method for reducing spread of microorganisms and airborne health hazardous matter and/or for protection from microorganisms and airborne health hazardous matter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5616172A (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-04-01 Nature's Quarters, Inc. Air treatment system
US20120199003A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-08-09 Technical University Of Denmark Device and method for reducing spread of microorganisms and airborne health hazardous matter and/or for protection from microorganisms and airborne health hazardous matter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20240142124A1 (en) * 2021-08-16 2024-05-02 Madhavan Pisharodi System for delivery of inactivated pathogens for contactless passive immunization

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