WO2022089667A1 - 一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法 - Google Patents

一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法 Download PDF

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WO2022089667A1
WO2022089667A1 PCT/CN2021/138153 CN2021138153W WO2022089667A1 WO 2022089667 A1 WO2022089667 A1 WO 2022089667A1 CN 2021138153 W CN2021138153 W CN 2021138153W WO 2022089667 A1 WO2022089667 A1 WO 2022089667A1
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coke
circuit board
resin powder
cracking
waste circuit
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French (fr)
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吴玉锋
刘功起
李彬
潘德安
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization

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  • the invention relates to a recovery technology for high-value utilization of waste circuit board resin powder thermal cracking residues, in particular to a new method for preparing gasified coke by using coke in waste circuit board resin powder thermal cracking slag as matrix material.
  • coke is made of coal powder, waste coke powder, semi-coke powder, petroleum coke and charcoal as the main raw materials.
  • a kind of coke with uniform shape produced by the process generally in block or spherical shape, which is widely used in smelting, casting, chemical industry, boiler combustion and other industries, and can also be used as civil block fuel and gasification raw material.
  • Formed coke technology is an effective method to rationally utilize coal resources or expand the high-value utilization of coal and coke resources, and is also an effective way to develop new energy sources.
  • the raw material of mould coke has a wide range of adaptability.
  • the solid waste generated by the thermal cracking process of waste circuit board resin powder is separated and extracted to obtain a pyrolysis coke. Its general composition is shown in Table 1. It has the characteristics of high carbon content and low ash content and other impurities. Substitute clean coal powder to produce gasification coke as raw material for water gas, semi-water gas and solid fuel. At present, there is no report on the technology of using waste circuit board resin powder to crack coke to prepare gasification type coke.
  • the purpose of the present invention is mainly to solve the problem of high-value utilization of waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag residue, and creatively propose a new method for preparing gasified coke by using coke in waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag as matrix material, It realizes the high-value utilization of waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, and has the characteristics of simple and easy process, low manufacturing cost, high resource utilization rate, wide adaptability of raw materials and environmental friendliness, which is conducive to improving the economic and social benefits of enterprise production. .
  • the method for preparing gasification type coke by pyrolyzing coke of waste circuit board resin powder according to the present invention is carried out in the following steps:
  • Quantitative batching Add a certain proportion of starch binder and water to the pyrolysis coke separated from the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, and mix it evenly to obtain a mixed material, wherein the particle size of the pyrolysis coke is 5-15mm, and starch is added The amount is 1-10% of the mass of the cracked coke, the amount of water added is 5-10% of the mass of the cracked coke, the mixing ball milling reaction time is 30-90min, and the particle size of the obtained mixed material is 1-5mm.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: place the mixed material obtained in step (1) in a molding machine and extrude it into a spherical shape with a diameter of 3-5cm, the molding pressure is 10-35MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 15-30s to ensure that the The coke has the best density and forming rate, and the dry coke is obtained by natural drying or blast drying at 80-110 °C.
  • step (3) Intensified oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) is subjected to intensified oxidation, and air is introduced into the process, wherein the temperature is raised to a strengthening temperature of 200 to 300 °C at a rate of 5 to 10 °C/min, and the strengthening time is 3 to 6 hours. .
  • step (3) strengthens the oxidation, the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by the step heating method.
  • the temperature is first heated to 450-550°C for 3-5 hours, kept for 1-2 hours, and then rapidly heated to 750-950°C in 20-40 minutes, and kept for 3-8 hours.
  • the present invention adopts a resin powder pyrolysis coke produced by the recycling process of waste circuit boards as the base material, it can partially replace the clean coal powder to produce gasification type coke, which saves resources, and uses daily starch in the implementation process.
  • As a binder it has the characteristics of low price and environmental friendliness and will not introduce other impurities.
  • it adopts stepped heating and carbonization, which increases the mechanical strength and thermal stability of gasification coke products, and fully realizes the cracking residue of waste circuit board resin powder.
  • the high-value utilization of valuable components has the characteristics of simple and easy process, wide adaptability of raw materials, high utilization rate of resources, and environmental friendliness.
  • FIG 1 shows the process flow diagram of the waste circuit board resin powder cracking coke to prepare gasification type coke
  • Fig. 2 shows the process flow diagram of the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag separating cracking coke
  • Quantitative ingredients pyrolysis coke with a particle size of 5mm obtained from the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, adding corn starch binder is 1% of the mass of the cracking coke, and the addition amount of tap water is 5% of the mass of the cracking coke , and the mixed material with a particle size of 5 mm was obtained after mixing ball milling for 30 min.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: place the mixed material obtained in step (1) in a molding machine and extrude it into a spherical shape with a diameter of 3 cm, the molding pressure is 10 MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 15 s to ensure that the obtained coke has the best quality
  • the density and forming rate are naturally dried to obtain dry coke.
  • step (3) Enhanced oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) was passed into the air for enhanced oxidation, wherein the temperature was increased to a strengthening temperature of 300°C at a rate of 5°C/min, and the strengthening time was 3h.
  • step (3) after the enhanced oxidation in step (3), the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by means of step heating. First, the temperature is raised to 450° C. for 3 hours, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and then the temperature is rapidly raised to 750° C. in 20 minutes. Insulation for 8 hours, and natural cooling after carbonization to obtain gasified coke, which is sent to the silo to prepare water gas, semi-water gas or solid fuel.
  • the obtained vaporized coke had a compressive strength (N) of 14 MPa, a drop strength (SS) of 18 times/(2 m), a reactivity (CRI) of 33%, and a post-reaction strength (CSR) of 55%.
  • Quantitative ingredients pyrolysis coke with a particle size of 15mm obtained from the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, adding corn starch binder is 10% of the mass of the cracking coke, and the addition amount of tap water is 10% of the mass of the cracking coke , and the mixed material with a particle size of 1 mm was obtained after mixing ball milling for 90 min.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: place the mixed material obtained in step (1) in a molding machine and extrude it into a spherical shape with a diameter of 5cm, the molding pressure is 35MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 30s to ensure that the obtained coke has the best quality
  • the density and forming rate of the dry coke were obtained by blast drying at 110 °C.
  • step (3) Enhanced oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) was passed into the air for enhanced oxidation, wherein the temperature was increased at 10°C/min to a strengthening temperature of 200°C, and the strengthening time was 6h.
  • step (3) After the enhanced oxidation in step (3), the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by a step-by-step heating method. First, the temperature is slowly raised to 550°C for 5 hours, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours, and then the temperature is rapidly raised to 950°C for 40 minutes. , heat preservation for 3h, and natural cooling after carbonization to obtain gasified coke, which is sent to the silo to prepare water gas, semi-water gas or solid fuel.
  • the obtained vaporized coke had a compressive strength (N) of 20 MPa, a drop strength (SS) of 30 times/(2 m), a reactivity (CRI) of 42%, and a post-reaction strength (CSR) of 63%.
  • Quantitative ingredients pyrolysis coke with a particle size of 7 mm obtained from the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, adding potato starch binder is 8% of the mass of the cracking coke, and the addition amount of tap water is 6% of the mass of the cracking coke , and the mixed material with a particle size of 4 mm was obtained after mixing ball milling for 35 min.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: the mixed material obtained in step (1) is placed in a molding machine and extruded into a spherical shape with a diameter of 3.5 cm, the molding pressure is 15 MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 20 s to ensure that the obtained coke has the most The best density and molding rate, 80 °C blast drying to obtain dry coke.
  • step (3) Enhanced oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) was passed into the air for enhanced oxidation, wherein the temperature was increased at 6°C/min to a strengthening temperature of 280°C, and the strengthening time was 4h.
  • step (3) After the enhanced oxidation in step (3), the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by the method of step heating. First, the temperature is slowly raised to 500 ° C for 3.5 hours, and the temperature is kept for 1.5 hours, and then the temperature is rapidly raised to 25 minutes. 900 °C, heat preservation for 4h, after carbonization, natural cooling can obtain gasified coke, which is sent to the silo to prepare water gas, semi-water gas or solid fuel.
  • the obtained vaporized coke had a compressive strength (N) of 15 MPa, a drop strength (SS) of 20 times/(2 m), a reactivity (CRI) of 35%, and a post-reaction strength (CSR) of 56%.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: the mixed material obtained in step (1) is placed in a molding machine and extruded into a spherical shape with a diameter of 4.5 cm, the molding pressure is 30 MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 18 s to ensure that the obtained coke has the most The best density and molding rate, 105 °C blast drying to obtain dry coke.
  • step (3) Enhanced oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) is passed into the air for enhanced oxidation, wherein the temperature is increased to a strengthening temperature of 250°C at 8°C/min, and the strengthening time is 5h.
  • step (3) After the enhanced oxidation in step (3), the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by the method of step heating. First, it is slowly heated to 520°C for 4.5 hours, kept for 1.6 hours, and then rapidly heated to 435 minutes to 520°C. 800 °C, heat preservation for 6 hours, and natural cooling after carbonization to obtain gasified coke, which is sent to the silo to prepare water gas, semi-water gas or solid fuel.
  • the obtained vaporized coke had a compressive strength (N) of 18 MPa, a drop strength (SS) of 25 times/(2 m), a reactivity (CRI) of 40%, and a post-reaction strength (CSR) of 60%.
  • Quantitative ingredients the pyrolysis coke with a particle size of 9 mm obtained from the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, the addition of corn starch binder is 5% of the quality of the pyrolysis coke, and the amount of tap water added is 10% of the quality of the pyrolysis coke , and the mixed material with a particle size of 3 mm was obtained after mixing ball milling for 45 min.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: place the mixed material obtained in step (1) in a molding machine and extrude it into a spherical shape with a diameter of 4cm, the molding pressure is 25MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 22s to ensure that the obtained coke has the best quality
  • the density and forming rate were obtained by blast drying at 90 °C to obtain dry coke.
  • step (3) Enhanced oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) was passed into the air for enhanced oxidation, wherein the temperature was increased at 9°C/min to a strengthening temperature of 260°C, and the strengthening time was 5.5h.
  • step (3) After the enhanced oxidation in step (3), the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by a step-by-step heating method. First, the temperature is slowly raised to 510 ° C for 3.5 hours, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and then the temperature is rapidly raised to 850 ° C for 35 minutes. °C, heat preservation for 7h, after carbonization, natural cooling can obtain gasification type coke, which is sent to the silo to prepare water gas, semi-water gas or solid fuel.
  • the obtained vaporized coke had a compressive strength (N) of 16 MPa, a drop strength (SS) of 24 times/(2 m), a reactivity (CRI) of 37%, and a post-reaction strength (CSR) of 58%.
  • Quantitative batching pyrolysis coke with a particle size of 11mm obtained from the waste circuit board resin powder cracking slag, adding corn starch binder is 6% of the mass of the cracking coke, and the addition amount of tap water is 9% of the mass of the cracking coke , and the mixed material with a particle size of 3 mm was obtained after mixing and ball milling for 60 min.
  • step (2) Cold-pressing molding: place the mixed material obtained in step (1) in a molding machine and extrude it into a spherical shape with a diameter of 4 cm, the molding pressure is 20 MPa, and the extrusion molding time is 28 s to ensure that the obtained molding coke has the best quality
  • the density and forming rate were obtained by blast drying at 100 °C to obtain dry coke.
  • step (3) Enhanced oxidation: the dry coke obtained in step (2) is passed into the air for enhanced oxidation, wherein the temperature is increased at 7°C/min to a strengthening temperature of 230°C, and the strengthening time is 4.5h.
  • step (3) After the enhanced oxidation in step (3), the material is directly sent to the carbonization furnace for carbonization by the method of step heating. First, it is slowly heated to 520°C for 4.5 hours, kept for 1.6 hours, and then rapidly heated to 435 minutes to 520°C. 800 °C, heat preservation for 5h, after carbonization, natural cooling can obtain gasification coke, which is sent to the silo to prepare water gas, semi-water gas or solid fuel.
  • the obtained vaporized coke had a compressive strength (N) of 16 MPa, a drop strength (SS) of 27 times/(2 m), a reactivity (CRI) of 38%, and a post-reaction strength (CSR) of 59%.

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Abstract

一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣焦炭制备气化型焦的方法，主要步骤如下：定量配料、冷压成型、强化氧化和梯级升温炭化；该方法采用废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中的焦炭部分替代精煤粉得到高热值气化型焦，实现了废弃物的资源高值化利用，具有工艺简单易行、制造成本低、适应性广的特点，有利于提高企业生产的经济效益和社会效益。

Description

一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及废线路板树脂粉末热裂解残余物高值化利用的回收技术，特别是涉及利用废线路板树脂粉末热裂解渣中的焦炭为基体材料制备气化型焦的全新方法。
背景技术
自工业革命以来，化石能源被人类大规模的使用，导致我们的生态环境遭到了不可逆转的巨大破坏。特别是进入新世纪以来，全球温室效应日益严峻，极端天气层出不穷，环境污染问题持续加剧。在这种大背景下，积极调整能源政策是世界各国的当务之急，发展环境友好型的能源是一种有效的解决途径。我国当前能源政策调整的重点在于对煤炭及其附加产品的清洁生产及高效利用。
作为洁净煤生产技术的一种，型焦是由煤粉、废弃焦粉、半焦粉、石油焦及木炭等为主体原料，配和粘接剂经加压成型煤，然后经氧化、炭化等工序制成的一种形状均一的焦炭，一般呈块状或球状，广泛应用于冶炼、铸造、化工、锅炉燃烧等行业，也可作为民用的块状燃料和气化原料。型焦技术是合理利用煤炭资源或扩大煤焦资源高值化利用的有效方法，也是新型能源开发的一种有效途径。型焦原料适应性广泛，无烟精煤粉、焦炭、废焦粉、废弃石油焦及木炭粉等都可作为其生产原料，他们共同的特点就是碳含量高、灰分含量少。型焦生产技术具有操作简单、技术成熟、成本低廉、节能增效明显、废气排放量减少等优点，值得我们大力发展。
废线路板树脂粉末热裂解过程产生的固体废弃物经分离提取得到一种裂解焦炭，其一般组成成分如表1所示，具有碳含量高，灰分及其他杂质成分含量少的特点，完全可以部分替代精煤粉生产气化型焦用于水煤气、半水煤气以及固态燃料的原料。目前，利用废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的技术未见报道。
表1废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭的主要成分分析
Figure PCTCN2021138153-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021138153-appb-000002
发明内容
本发明的目的主要解决废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣残余物高值化利用的问题，创造性地提出一种利用废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中的焦炭为基体材料制备气化型焦的全新方法，实现了废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣高值化利用，具有工艺简单易行、制造成本低、资源利用率高、原料适应性广及环境友好等特点，有利于提高企业生产的经济效益和社会效益。
本发明所述的一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法如下步骤进行：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的裂解焦炭添加一定比例的淀粉粘接剂和水，混合均匀后得到混合物料，其中裂解焦炭粒度为5～15mm，淀粉添加量为裂解焦炭质量的1～10％，水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的5～10％，混合球磨反应时间为30～90min，得到的混和物料的粒度为1～5mm。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径3～5cm大小的球状，成型压力为10～35MPa，挤压成型时间为15～30s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，自然晾干或者80～110℃鼓风烘干得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦进行强化氧化，实施过程中通入空气，其中按5～10℃/min升温至强化温度200～300℃，强化时间为3～6h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，冷却后可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料，其中在梯级升温炭化过程，首先3～5h升温至450～550℃，保温1～2h，然后20～40min快速升温至750～950℃，保温3～8h。
与现有技术相比，由于本发明采用废线路板回收过程产生的一种树脂粉末裂解焦炭作为基体材料，可部分替代精煤粉生产气化型焦，节约了资源，实施过程中采用日常淀粉为粘接剂，具有价格低廉环境友好的特点并且不会引入其他杂质，同时采用梯级升温炭化，增加了气化型焦产品的机械强度和热稳定性，充分实现了废线路板树脂粉末裂解残渣有价组分的高值化利用，具有工艺简单易行、原料适应性广、资源利用率高、环境友好等特点。
附图说明
图1表示废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的工艺流程图
图2表示废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣分离裂解焦炭的工艺流程图
具体实施方式
以下结合实例旨在进一步说明本发明，而非限制本发明。
实施例1
按照如下步骤进行实施：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为5mm的裂解焦炭，添加玉米淀粉粘接剂为裂解焦炭质量的1％，自来水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的5％，混合球磨30min后得到粒度为5mm的混合物料。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径3cm大小的球状，成型压力为10MPa，挤压成型时间为15s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，自然晾干得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦通入空气进行强化氧化，其中按5℃/min升温至强化温度300℃，强化时间为3h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，首先经3h升温至450℃，保温1h，然后20min快速升温至750℃，保温8h，炭化结束后自然冷却可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
得到的气化型焦的抗压强度(N)为14MPa，落下强度(SS)为18次/(2米)，反应性(CRI)为33％，反应后强度(CSR)为55％。
实施例2
按照如下步骤进行实施：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为15mm的裂解焦炭，添加玉米淀粉粘接剂为裂解焦炭质量的10％，自来水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的10％，混合球磨90min后得到粒度为1mm的混合物料。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径5cm大小的 球状，成型压力为35MPa，挤压成型时间为30s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，110℃鼓风干燥得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦通入空气进行强化氧化，其中按10℃/min升温至强化温度200℃，强化时间为6h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，首先经5h缓慢升温至550℃，保温2h，然后40min快速升温至950℃，保温3h，炭化结束后自然冷却可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
得到的气化型焦的抗压强度(N)为20MPa，落下强度(SS)为30次/(2米)，反应性(CRI)为42％，反应后强度(CSR)为63％。
实施例3
按照如下步骤进行实施：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为7mm的裂解焦炭，添加马铃薯淀粉粘接剂为裂解焦炭质量的8％，自来水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的6％，混合球磨35min后得到粒度为4mm的混合物料。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径3.5cm大小的球状，成型压力为15MPa，挤压成型时间为20s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，80℃鼓风干燥得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦通入空气进行强化氧化，其中按6℃/min升温至强化温度280℃，强化时间为4h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，首先经3.5h缓慢升温至500℃，保温1.5h，然后25min快速升温至900℃，保温4h，炭化结束后自然冷却可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
得到的气化型焦的抗压强度(N)为15MPa，落下强度(SS)为20次/(2米)，反应性(CRI)为35％，反应后强度(CSR)为56％。
实施例4
按照如下步骤进行实施：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为13mm的裂解焦炭，添加马铃薯淀粉粘接剂为裂解焦炭质量的8％，自来水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的7％，混合球磨80min后得到粒度为2mm的混合物料。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径4.5cm大小的球状，成型压力为30MPa，挤压成型时间为18s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，105℃鼓风干燥得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦通入空气进行强化氧化，其中按8℃/min升温至强化温度250℃，强化时间为5h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，首先经4.5h缓慢升温至520℃，保温1.6h，然后435min快速升温至800℃，保温6h，炭化结束后自然冷却可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
得到的气化型焦的抗压强度(N)为18MPa，落下强度(SS)为25次/(2米)，反应性(CRI)为40％，反应后强度(CSR)为60％。
实施例5
按照如下步骤进行实施：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为9mm的裂解焦炭，添加玉米淀粉粘接剂为裂解焦炭质量的5％，自来水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的10％，混合球磨45min后得到粒度为3mm的混合物料。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径4cm大小的球状，成型压力为25MPa，挤压成型时间为22s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，90℃鼓风干燥得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦通入空气进行强化氧化，其中按9℃/min升温至强化温度260℃，强化时间为5.5h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，首先经3.5h缓慢升温至510℃，保温1h，然后35min快速升温至850℃， 保温7h，炭化结束后自然冷却可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
得到的气化型焦的抗压强度(N)为16MPa，落下强度(SS)为24次/(2米)，反应性(CRI)为37％，反应后强度(CSR)为58％。
实施例6
按照如下步骤进行实施：
(1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为11mm的裂解焦炭，添加玉米淀粉粘接剂为裂解焦炭质量的6％，自来水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的9％，混合球磨60min后得到粒度为3mm的混合物料。
(2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混和物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径4cm大小的球状，成型压力为20MPa，挤压成型时间为28s以保证得到的型焦具有最佳的密度和成型率，100℃鼓风干燥得到干型焦。
(3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦通入空气进行强化氧化，其中按7℃/min升温至强化温度230℃，强化时间为4.5h。
(4)梯级升温炭化：在步骤(3)强化氧化后，将物料直接送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，首先经4.5h缓慢升温至520℃，保温1.6h，然后435min快速升温至800℃，保温5h，炭化结束后自然冷却可得到气化型焦，送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
得到的气化型焦的抗压强度(N)为16MPa，落下强度(SS)为27次/(2米)，反应性(CRI)为38％，反应后强度(CSR)为59％。
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的优选实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在所述领域技术人员所具备的知识范围，在不违背科学及本发明思想情况下，在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替代及改进等，均应视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
    (1)定量配料：将从废线路板树脂粉末裂解渣中分离得到的粒度为5～15mm的裂解焦炭，添加一定比例的淀粉粘接剂和水，混合球磨30～90min后得到混合物料；淀粉添加量为裂解焦炭质量的1～10％，水添加量为裂解焦炭质量的5～10％；
    (2)冷压成型：将步骤(1)得到的混合物料放置在成型机中挤压成直径3～5cm大小的球状，成型压力为10～35MPa，挤压成型时间为15～30s，自然晾干或者80～110℃鼓风烘干得到干型焦；
    (3)强化氧化：将步骤(2)得到的干型焦进行强化氧化，强化氧化过程中通入空气，按5～10℃/min升至强化温度200～300℃，强化时间为3～6h；
    (4)梯级升温炭化：送至炭化炉采用梯级升温的方式进行炭化，在梯级升温炭化过程，首先3～5h升温至450～550℃，保温1～2h，然后20～40min升温至750～950℃，保温3～8h；冷却后得到气化型焦。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法，其特征在于，淀粉粘结剂采用玉米淀粉或马铃薯淀粉，得到的混合物料的粒度为1～5mm。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种废线路板树脂粉末裂解焦炭制备气化型焦的方法，其特征在于，气化型焦送入料仓，用以制备水煤气、半水煤气或固体燃料。
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