WO2022089323A1 - 旋流器 - Google Patents
旋流器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022089323A1 WO2022089323A1 PCT/CN2021/125730 CN2021125730W WO2022089323A1 WO 2022089323 A1 WO2022089323 A1 WO 2022089323A1 CN 2021125730 W CN2021125730 W CN 2021125730W WO 2022089323 A1 WO2022089323 A1 WO 2022089323A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vortex
- vortex chamber
- cavity
- chamber
- outlet
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 51
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 51
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
- B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
- B04C5/103—Bodies or members, e.g. bulkheads, guides, in the vortex chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
- B04C5/107—Cores; Devices for inducing an air-core in hydrocyclones
Definitions
- the invention relates to beneficiation, coal preparation, oil and gas recovery, garbage treatment, air purification, dust removal, desulfurization, denitrification, oil fume purification, tail gas treatment, black smoke removal, peculiar smell removal, chemical reactor, boiler, burner, kiln, furnace , reaction furnace, smelting furnace, mud dehydration and drying furnace, seawater desalination, sewage treatment and other fields, specifically a cyclone, which can realize functions such as chemical reaction and separation, and various functions can be used alone or in combination. .
- the existing beneficiation equipment has a general beneficiation effect and cannot achieve finer separation, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution.
- the existing reactor equipment includes reactors, catalyst reaction tanks or towers, etc., which generally have defects such as slow reaction speed, incomplete reaction, high cost, and easy aging of catalysts.
- Existing kilns include shaft kilns, rotary kilns, incinerators, reaction furnaces, melting furnaces, smelting furnaces, blast furnaces, etc., which generally have defects such as insufficient combustion, high energy consumption, low efficiency, and large volume.
- Blast furnace ironmaking requires coke and ore powder requires pellet sintering, which has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and high cost.
- Glass melting furnaces and other commonly used horseshoe kilns, etc. generally have defects such as high energy consumption and large dust.
- Substances with different particle sizes and different specific gravity enter different areas and finally achieve separation.
- the particulate matter in the flue gas can enter the water to realize the purification of flue gas. It can greatly improve the operating efficiency of equipment and reduce construction and operating costs.
- the eddy current is used to make molecules collide and rub against each other, which can promote chemical reactions and can be used as denitration equipment, chemical reactors, etc.
- the cyclone can be widely used in various separation fields, and can realize the separation, sorting, extraction and purification of various material components, and can be used as mineral processing equipment to realize the separation, extraction and purification of various minerals and raw materials.
- the ore can be pulverized into particles, and the particles can be transported by water or gas for wet and dry selection. It can be used as seawater desalination equipment and sewage treatment equipment.
- the cyclone can be used as a dust collector, which can be dry or wet; when sprayed with alkaline liquid or dry desulfurizer, it can be used in the field of flue gas desulfurization to achieve wet or dry desulfurization; cyclone
- a catalyst layer is arranged on the inner wall of the device, the flue gas SCR denitration can be realized; it can also be used as a vehicle exhaust gas processor, which can complete dust removal and smoke removal, and can replace the three-way catalytic converter at the same time.
- Complete the ternary reaction realize denitration, hydrocarbon removal, carbon monoxide removal, and can efficiently remove particulate matter and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. It can also be used as a reactor.
- Eddy currents can be used to make molecules collide and rub against each other, which can promote chemical reactions and achieve catalytic reaction effects. It can be used in various chemical reactors, and can also be used as catalytic reaction equipment for denitration equipment.
- the eddy current makes the fuel burn fully, and the rotating centrifugal force is used to make the material form a melting reaction on the kiln wall, so that the powder material directly participates in the carbothermic reduction reaction, so that ironmaking does not require coke and pellet sintering.
- Suspension calcination realizes rapid tumbling of powder materials in the eddy current, accelerates heat transfer, realizes rapid calcination, realizes high production capacity of small kilns, greatly reduces energy consumption, and at the same time prevents powder from rapidly leaving the high temperature zone, makes powder calcined evenly, and greatly improves product quality. It also greatly reduces the dust content in the flue gas of furnaces such as glass melting furnaces.
- the eddy current accelerates the movement speed of the fluid on the surface of the heating tube, realizes rapid heat transfer, reduces the heating area, and reduces the volume and cost of the boiler.
- the cyclone finally separates most of the dust from the flue gas, reducing the dust content of the flue gas.
- the cyclone comprises a shell, a vortex cavity is arranged in the shell, the cross section of the vortex cavity is circular, one end of the vortex cavity is provided with a vortex cavity inlet, and the other end of the vortex cavity has an axial center.
- a circular vortex cavity outlet is arranged in the area, and the diameter of the vortex cavity outlet is smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the vortex cavity.
- a fluid motion buffer chamber is arranged in the vortex cavity at the outlet end of the vortex cavity.
- a stator vortex rectifier with a circular cross-section running through the axial center region of the vortex chamber is provided, at least one surrounding retaining ring is arranged around the outer wall of the stator vortex rectifier, and at least one discharge port is arranged in the vortex chamber.
- One end side wall of the vortex chamber is provided with an inlet of the vortex chamber, and the inflow pipe is connected to the inlet of the vortex chamber along the tangential direction of the cross section of the vortex chamber to form a flow channel as a swirl device.
- the inflow pipe is provided with a flow velocity adjusting plate of the flow passage, and the rotating shaft of the flow passage velocity adjusting plate is arranged in parallel with the central axis of the vortex cavity.
- An outlet pipe cavity is arranged in the vortex rectifier body, the inlet end of the outlet pipe cavity is connected to the outlet of the vortex chamber, and a flow blocking device is arranged in the vortex chamber corresponding to the outlet of the vortex chamber.
- the vortex cavity is provided with at least one layer of radially arranged guide vanes with an inclined angle to the cross section of the vortex cavity, and a flow channel with an inclined angle to the cross section of the vortex cavity is formed between the guide vanes as a swirl device.
- At least one surrounding partition is arranged on the peripheral inner wall of the vortex cavity, and at least one discharge port is arranged corresponding to the surrounding partition in the vortex cavity.
- a catalyst layer is arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber.
- a combustion material supply device is arranged on the casing corresponding to the swirl chamber close to the inlet end of the swirl chamber.
- a combustion supply device is provided on the casing corresponding to the vortex chamber near the inlet end of the vortex chamber, and a heat recovery device is provided on the inner wall of the vortex chamber.
- a liquid spray device is arranged on the casing corresponding to the vortex chamber.
- the advantages of the cyclone are: the circular motion and fluid motion are fully utilized, and the eddy current is fully utilized, so that the fluid is gradually separated, and the effect increases synchronously with the increase of the rotational speed, and the fluid moves spirally along the axial direction. Separation, can separate a variety of substances from the working medium, can be used for flue gas dust removal, and can also simultaneously select useful substances from dust, such as: hollow microbeads, various minerals, etc. can be selected from fly ash.
- the eddy current is used to make the water liquid and the flue gas better and fully contacted, and wet dust removal and wet desulfurization can be realized.
- the flue gas is fully contacted with the dry desulfurizer by eddy current to realize dry desulfurization.
- the eddy current is used to make the flue gas fully contact with the catalyst layer to realize SCR denitration.
- the use of eddy current to make molecules collide and rub each other can generate a large number of free radicals, which can greatly promote chemical reactions and achieve catalytic effects.
- the cyclone has the advantages of simple manufacture, large or small equipment, wide application fields, low manufacturing cost, simple manufacturing process, low use cost, low maintenance cost, long service life and the like.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the third embodiment of the cyclone
- FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the fourth embodiment of the cyclone
- Fig. 10 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the cyclone
- Figure 11 is a schematic front view of the seventh embodiment of the cyclone
- Figure 12 is a schematic front view of the eighth embodiment of the cyclone
- FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of the structure of the ninth embodiment of the present cyclone.
- the main structure of the cyclone includes a shell 1, a vortex cavity 2 is arranged in the shell 1, the cross section of the vortex cavity 2 is circular, one end of the vortex cavity 2 is provided with a vortex cavity inlet 3, and the other end of the vortex cavity 2 is provided with a circle in the axial center area.
- Vortex cavity outlet 4 the diameter of vortex cavity outlet 4 is smaller than the maximum inner diameter of vortex cavity 2
- a fluid motion buffer chamber 19 is arranged in vortex cavity 2 at the 4 end of vortex cavity outlet, and a swirl flow is arranged on shell 1 to promote the rotation of fluid in vortex cavity 2 Device 5
- the casing 1 is provided with a circular stator scroll rectifier 6 with a circular cross-section through the axial center region of the vortex chamber 2
- at least one surrounding retaining ring 7 is arranged around the outer wall of the stator scroll rectifier 6, and the vortex chamber 2 is provided at least A discharge port 8.
- the scope of the casing 1 includes brackets, casings, etc., and each part can be collectively referred to as a casing.
- the cyclone can be made of different materials according to needs, and can be made of metals, alloys, ceramics, glass, plastics, nylon, foam materials, refractory materials and other materials.
- a vortex chamber 2 is arranged in the casing 1 .
- the eddy current chamber 2 can be made into an integral or open body structure, and can be assembled together during installation, and the vortex current chamber 2 can also be arbitrarily opened as required, which can be easily assembled.
- the inner and outer walls of the vortex chamber 2 can also be provided with a wear-resistant material layer, a high-temperature-resistant material layer, a thermal insulation layer, a corrosion-resistant layer or a catalyst material layer, etc., and wear-resistant sheets or wear-resistant bricks can also be placed on the surface in the areas that are easy to wear. When the equipment is maintained, it can be repaired and maintained.
- anti-corrosion or anti-corrosion and wear-resistant layers, catalyst layers, etc. can be provided on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 according to specific working conditions.
- a catalyst layer can be provided on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 by spraying, smearing, patching, building blocks, etc., which can further improve the effect of chemical catalytic reaction.
- the corresponding catalyst can be selected according to the specific working conditions.
- the vortex in the vortex chamber 2 can make the particles come into contact with the catalyst layer, which can greatly improve the chemical catalytic reaction effect, and at the same time, it can avoid the adhesion of pollutants on the surface of the catalyst layer, which can greatly improve the catalyst layer.
- it When used as an engine exhaust gas processor, it can better complete the three-way catalysis, and when used for flue gas denitration, it can realize SCR denitration.
- the cross section of the vortex cavity 2 is circular.
- the cross section of the inner cavity of the vortex cavity 2 is set to be circular, which can better form a vortex in the vortex cavity 2; the vortex cavity 2 can usually be set to a cylindrical structure, which can simplify the structure.
- the vortex cavity 2 can also be set as a truncated cone structure or a multi-section truncated cone structure, which can achieve different functional effects.
- Properly increasing the axial length of the vortex cavity 2 can improve the separation effect.
- the linear velocity of the fluid is constant, the smaller the inner diameter of the vortex cavity 2, the higher the vortex rotation speed, and the better the separation effect. Experiments show that the effect is better when the axial length of the vortex cavity 2 is 4 times the radial thickness.
- One end of the vortex chamber 2 is provided with a vortex chamber inlet 3 , and a vortex chamber inlet 3 can be provided at one end of the shaft end or sidewall of the vortex chamber 2 , so that fluid can be input from one end of the shaft end or sidewall of the vortex chamber 2 .
- a circular vortex chamber outlet 4 is provided in the axial center region of the other end of the vortex chamber 2 .
- a circular vortex chamber outlet 4 is arranged in the axial center area of the other end of the vortex chamber 2, which can realize the axial output of the fluid, and the circular vortex chamber outlet 4 can improve the separation effect.
- the diameter of the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber is smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the vortex chamber 2 .
- the diameter of the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber is smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the vortex chamber 2 , so that the substances with larger specific gravity separated by the vortex formed in the vortex chamber 2 can remain in the vortex chamber 2 .
- the outer edge of the vortex cavity outlet 4 is provided with a baffle ring or a pulling cylinder that expands to the opening of the vortex cavity outlet 4, which can better avoid secondary pollution caused by the inhalation of the separator into the vortex cavity outlet 4, and can further improve the separation effect.
- a fluid motion buffer chamber 19 is arranged in the vortex chamber 2 at the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber.
- a fluid motion buffer chamber 19 can be arranged in the vortex chamber 2 at the 4 end of the vortex chamber outlet.
- the fluid motion buffer chamber 19 can buffer the fluid axial motion inertia, which can improve the separation effect.
- the axial space of the fluid motion buffer chamber 19 can be enlarged as much as possible. Improve the separation effect.
- a circular cylinder or a swirl cylinder can also be arranged on the vortex chamber outlet 4 in the vortex chamber 2 to form a fluid motion buffer chamber 19 on its periphery, which can buffer the axial movement of the fluid and improve the separation effect.
- the casing 1 is provided with a swirl device 5 that promotes the rotation of the fluid in the swirl chamber 2 .
- the swirl device 5 can make the fluid rotate in the vortex chamber 2.
- the swirl device 5 can usually use a pipeline that is connected to the vortex chamber inlet 3 along the tangential direction of the cross section of the vortex chamber 2, and utilizes the motion inertia of the fluid in the pipeline to make the fluid move along the vortex chamber 2.
- the tangential direction of the cross section rushes into the vortex chamber 2, and the swirling flow in the vortex chamber 2 forms a swirling vortex.
- the swirl device 5 can also use one or more layers of guide vanes arranged in the swirl chamber 2 at an oblique angle to the cross section of the swirl chamber 2, and the guide vanes form an oblique angle to the cross section of the swirl chamber 2.
- the flow channel can promote the rotation of the fluid, and the guide vane can adopt an approximate axial flow impeller blade structure.
- the swirl devices 5 of the two structures can be used individually or simultaneously.
- the casing 1 is provided with a stator scroll rectifier 6 with a circular cross-section passing through the axial center region of the vortex cavity 2 .
- a stator scroll rectifier 6 with a circular cross-section through the axial center region of the vortex cavity 2 can be arranged on the housing 1, the outer circumference of the stator scroll rectifier 6 is made into a circle, and the shape of the stator scroll rectifier 6 can be made into a cylinder
- the stator vortex rectifier 6 can be made into a cavity, and the cavity can also be used as a pipe cavity to output fluid.
- the inlet end of the pipe cavity is connected to the vortex cavity outlet 4, so that the fluid can enter and exit from the 3 end of the vortex cavity inlet. Better use of space.
- the stator vortex rectifier 6 is located in the vortex cavity 2, the stator vortex rectifier 6 is fixed, and the outer peripheral wall of the stator vortex rectifier 6 has a boundary layer effect on the fluid, so that the material with a smaller specific gravity moves in a circular centrifugal force. Under the action, it is closer to the outer peripheral wall of the stator scroll rectifier 6, so that the material with a larger specific gravity is further away from the outer peripheral wall of the stator scroll rectifier 6 under the action of the centrifugal force of the circular motion.
- the stator scroll rectifier 6 enables the fluid to better form a vortex with an increasing rotational speed from the center to the periphery in the vortex cavity 2 around the stator scroll rectifier 6, which can better improve the separation effect.
- the stator scroll rectifier 6 can be set into a cylindrical shape, a truncated cone shape or a trumpet shape according to the needs. Usually, it can be set into a cylindrical shape.
- the outer diameter of the stator scroll rectifier 6 can be set proportionally according to the inner diameter of the vortex cavity 2. The experiment proves: The smaller the ratio of the outer diameter of the stator scroll rectifier 6 to the inner diameter of the vortex cavity 2, the better the separation effect, and it is usually appropriate to choose about 0.382-0.618.
- At least one surrounding retaining ring 7 is arranged around the outer wall of the stator scroll rectifier 6 .
- One or more surrounding retaining rings 7 can be arranged around the outer wall of the stator scroll rectifier 6. Affected by the boundary layer of the outer wall of the stator scroll rectifier 6, the rotational speed of the fluid close to the outer wall of the scroll rectifier 6 is low, resulting in a separation effect.
- the surrounding baffle ring 7 can block the axial flow of the fluid along the area close to the outer wall of the vortex rectifier 6, which can greatly improve the separation effect. Properly increasing the radial width of the surrounding baffle ring 7 can improve the separation effect.
- the axial flow of the water containing pollutants adsorbed on the outer wall of the stator vortex rectifier 6 can also be blocked, so that the water can move to the periphery along the surrounding retaining ring 7, so that the water can be separated from the outer wall of the vortex rectifier 6.
- the water can be prevented from flowing out of the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber, and the effect of flue gas purification can be improved.
- the vortex chamber 2 is provided with at least one discharge port 8 .
- One or more discharge ports 8 can be set at the bottom or periphery of the vortex chamber 2 according to needs, which can separate out the separator with a larger specific gravity, and the flow rate of the discharge port 8 can also be adjusted during use, which can better discharge the separator. . It is also possible to set multiple discharge ports 8 on the circumference to better discharge the separated materials; the axial length of the discharge ports 8 can also be increased to better discharge solid separation materials such as dust; A plurality of discharge ports 8 are arranged in the axial direction on the inner wall, and a variety of separated substances with different specific gravity can be sorted out.
- Valves, dampers, screw conveyors, rotary unloaders and other movable sealing unloading devices can also be set at the discharge port 8, which can adjust the flow rate and the separation effect, so that the pressure, gravity and centrifugal force of the separated material in the vortex chamber 2 can be adjusted. Under the action, it is discharged from the vortex chamber 2, and the discharge port 8 can also be opened intermittently to discharge the separated material. It is also possible to set up an ash collecting box, a molten pool or a liquid collecting chamber, etc. in the discharge port 8, and the discharge port 8 can be opened intermittently to discharge ash and materials. It is also possible to set up an ash collection chamber outside the discharge port 8, and the discharge port 8 can be opened intermittently to discharge ash.
- a fluid conveying device can be set on the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber or on the inlet 3 of the vortex chamber. It can be set arbitrarily according to the specific working conditions.
- the cyclone can be used alone or in series, and the effect can be improved by using in series, and can be set arbitrarily according to needs.
- the fluid conveying equipment selects various fans or pumps according to different fluids. When the fluid conveying equipment works, the fluid forms a vortex in the vortex chamber 2 .
- the vortex cavity 2 works under positive pressure, and is generally used in the fields of tail gas treatment, grinding, mineral processing, etc.; when the fluid conveying equipment is installed on the vortex cavity outlet 4, the vortex cavity 2 is negative. Pressure work, generally used in dust removal, boilers and other fields.
- the central axis of the vortex chamber 2 of the main structure can be installed vertically, horizontally or obliquely. Vertical installation can better discharge dust, etc., which can save floor space. When installed horizontally, the flue space can be used, and the axial length of the vortex cavity 2 can be extended. It can also be installed horizontally in seawater desalination.
- the main structure has the functions of separation and reaction.
- the separation equipment When used as separation equipment, it can be used in various fields that require separation, and can be used as dust collectors, engine exhaust gas purifiers, air purifiers, mineral processing equipment, seawater desalination equipment, sewage treatment equipment, Used in liquid separation equipment, etc.
- the gas When used as a dust removal device, the gas can be sucked into the cyclone from the inlet 3 of the vortex chamber, the treated gas can be discharged from the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber, and the dust can be discharged from the outlet 8.
- Multiple cyclones can also be arranged in series, which can further improve the dust removal effect.
- the engine exhaust pipe can be directly connected to the inlet 3 of the vortex chamber, which can simplify the structure.
- a catalyst layer is arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 to replace the three-way catalyst, which can simultaneously complete the exhaust gas dust removal, and at the same time Can replace muffler.
- the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber 2 can also be made into an axially disconnected movable seal structure, the dust is concentrated in the vortex chamber 2 of this section, and the discharge port 8 can be disconnected from the axial disconnection movable seal of the vortex chamber 2 of this section.
- the device is integrated, and the vortex chamber 2 of this section can be periodically disconnected axially to discharge ash.
- a high-pressure pump When used as seawater desalination equipment, sewage treatment equipment, etc., a high-pressure pump can be used to transport water, reduce the diameter of the vortex chamber inlet 3, and make the water inlet pipe a structure with a gradually shrinking inner diameter to reduce the flow rate, increase the water flow speed, and minimize the vortex chamber. 2
- the inner diameter and the length of the vortex cavity 2 are increased, which can realize the ultra-high speed of the vortex, improve the centrifugal force, and realize the desalination of sea water.
- Household water purifiers can use tap water pressure to minimize the inner diameter of the vortex chamber 2, increase the length of the vortex chamber 2, reduce the diameter of the vortex chamber inlet 3, and make the water inlet pipe a structure with a gradually shrinking inner diameter to reduce the flow rate and increase the water flow speed. Achieve water purification effect.
- When used as beneficiation equipment it can be used for dry or water separation. After grinding the mineral powder, it can be mixed with water to form a slurry and sent to the cyclone for water separation. Minerals with a larger specific gravity are selected from the discharge port 8, and slag with a smaller specific gravity is discharged from the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber. Minimizing the inner diameter of the vortex chamber 2, increasing the length of the vortex chamber 2, reducing the flow rate and increasing the inflow velocity can improve the beneficiation effect.
- the eddy current can be used to make molecules collide and rub against each other, which can promote chemical reactions and achieve catalytic reaction effects, and can be widely used in the chemical industry.
- the catalyst layer can also be set on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 by spraying, smearing, patching, building blocks, etc., which can further improve the effect of chemical catalytic reaction. SCR denitration can be realized.
- the flue gas can also complete the dry desulfurization reaction in the vortex chamber 2. Alkali metal, calcium hydroxide, baking soda, etc. can be used as dry desulfurization agents. Desulfurization integration.
- the structure of one of the embodiments of the present cyclone is as follows: on the basis of the above structure, one end side wall of the vortex chamber 2 is provided with a vortex chamber inlet 3, and the inflow pipe 9 is connected to the vortex chamber inlet 3 along the tangential direction of the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 to form a flow channel As the swirl device 5 .
- the vortex chamber inlet 3 can be set on the side wall of one end of the vortex chamber 2.
- the inflow pipe 9 is used for fluid input into the cyclone.
- the inflow pipe 9 can be arbitrarily set according to the requirements of the working conditions. Different materials can be selected according to different conveying media.
- the inflow pipe 9 is connected to the vortex chamber inlet 3 along the tangential direction of the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 to form a flow channel as the swirl device 5, which can make the fluid rotate and flow in the vortex chamber 2 under the action of motion inertia after entering the vortex chamber 2. 2 A rotating vortex is formed.
- One or more inflow pipes 9 can be provided, and the inflow pipes 9 can be connected to the vortex chamber inlet 3 from the periphery of the vortex chamber 2 along the tangential direction of the cross section of the vortex chamber 2, which can simplify the structure. The closer the inflow pipe 9 is to the periphery of the vortex chamber 2, the better the effect, and the inflow pipe 9 can also be made into a structure that shrinks toward the outlet of the vortex chamber 2 to better improve the effect.
- the fluid can enter the vortex chamber 2 from the side wall of one end of the vortex chamber 2 , which can promote the rotation of the vortex in the vortex chamber 2 .
- the structure of the second embodiment of the cyclone is as follows: on the basis of the structure of the first embodiment, a flow velocity adjusting plate 10 is arranged in the inflow pipe 9, and the rotating shaft of the flow velocity adjusting plate 10 and the central axis of the vortex cavity 2 Parallel setup.
- a flow channel flow rate adjustment plate 10 with a rotating shaft parallel to the central axis of the vortex cavity 2 can be arranged in the inflow pipe 9, and the rotation axis of the flow channel flow rate adjustment plate 10 can be close to the inlet end of the inflow pipe 9 and close to the center axis of the vortex cavity 2.
- the inner wall, the flow channel flow rate adjustment plate 10 can be set in the shape of a door plate, and the flow rate of the fluid in the inflow pipe 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing degree of the door plate.
- the flow velocity adjusting plate 10 of the flow channel can be adjusted to ensure the flow rate and the separation effect of the cyclone can be ensured.
- This embodiment can better ensure the separation effect of the cyclone.
- the structure of the third embodiment of the cyclone is as follows: on the basis of the above structure, the central axis of the vortex cavity 2 is installed vertically, the vortex rectifier 6 is provided with an outflow pipe cavity 11, and the inlet end of the outflow pipe cavity 11 is connected to the vortex cavity.
- Outlet 4 the lower part of the vortex cavity 2 is set as a conical cylinder cavity whose inner diameter is gradually reduced downward, the bottom of the vortex cavity 2 is provided with a discharge port 8, and a cylinder is set on the central axis of the vortex cavity 2 between the vortex cavity outlet 4 and the discharge port 8 14.
- the outer wall of the cylindrical body 14 is axially provided with a plurality of surrounding baffle rings 21 .
- the vortex rectifier 6 can be set as a cavity, and the outflow pipe cavity 11 can be formed by using the cavity, and one end of the outflow pipe cavity 11 can be connected to the vortex cavity outlet 4.
- the lower part of the vortex cavity 2 is set as a cone whose inner diameter gradually decreases
- the cylinder cavity can gradually collect the material downward, and at the same time, the fluid speed can be gradually increased, the centrifugal force can be increased, and the separation effect can be improved.
- a discharge port 8 is provided at the bottom of the vortex chamber 2 to facilitate the discharge of materials.
- a cylinder 14 is provided through the central axis of the vortex chamber 2 between the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber 2 and the discharge port 8. The cylinder 14 can be located on the central axis of the vortex chamber 2.
- the cylinder 14 can be a round tube or a round rod with a closed tube core.
- the outer wall of the cylindrical body 14 is axially spaced at a certain distance from a plurality of surrounding baffle rings 21 .
- the surrounding baffle rings 21 can be tightly connected to the outer wall of the cylinder 14 . It can avoid the upward flow of fine dust and the like along the axial center area of the vortex chamber 2, which can greatly improve the separation effect.
- the fluid can enter and exit from the 3 ends of the inlet of the vortex cavity, the space can be fully utilized, the separation and purification effect can be improved, and the material can be discharged more conveniently.
- the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present cyclone is as follows: on the basis of the above structure, the vortex rectifier 6 is provided with an outflow pipe cavity 11 , and the inlet end of the outflow pipe cavity 11 is connected to the vortex cavity outlet 4 , corresponding to the vortex cavity 2
- the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber is provided with a flow blocking device 20 .
- the vortex rectifier 6 can be set as a cavity, and the outflow pipe cavity 11 can be formed by using the cavity, and one end of the outflow pipe cavity 11 can be connected to the vortex cavity outlet 4.
- the device 20, the blocking device 20 can be made into a circular plate with a drawing cylinder expanding toward the opening of the sealing end of the vortex chamber 2, or it can be directly set as a conical plate or a cone that expands toward the opening of the sealing end of the vortex chamber 2 , can also be set as a circular plate.
- the flow blocking device 20 can be connected to the vortex rectifier 6 or to the inner wall of the vortex cavity 2, and the flow blocking device 20 can also be integrated with the inner wall of the lower part of the vortex cavity 2, which can simplify the structure.
- the flow blocking device 20 can prevent the fluid from directly entering the outflow pipe cavity 11 in the axial direction, and can avoid secondary pollution caused by the formation of a vortex and the rotation of fine dust into the outflow pipe cavity 11 .
- the fluid can enter and exit from the inlet 3 of the vortex cavity, and the space can be fully utilized.
- the structure of the fifth embodiment of the swirler is as follows: on the basis of the above structure, at least one layer of guide vanes 12 arranged at an oblique angle to the cross section of the swirl chamber 2 is arranged in the vortex chamber 2, and between the guide vanes 12 A flow channel with an inclined angle to the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 is formed as the swirl device 5 .
- One or more layers of guide vanes 12 arranged at an oblique angle to the cross-section of the swirl chamber 2 can be arranged in the vortex chamber 2.
- the guide vanes 12 can adopt an approximate axial flow impeller blade structure.
- the guide vanes 12 forms an approximate axial flow impeller-like structure, and between the guide vanes 12 forms a flow channel at an oblique angle to the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 , and the flow channel acts as a swirl device 5 to promote fluid rotation.
- Multiple layers of radially arranged guide vanes 12 are arranged in the vortex chamber 2 at an inclined angle to the cross section of the vortex chamber 2, which can greatly extend the axial length of the vortex chamber 2 without affecting the vortex rotation speed, and can improve the separation effect.
- This embodiment can better ensure the rotation of the fluid in the cyclone, can realize the horizontal installation and use of the cyclone, and can make full use of the flue space to set up the cyclone. It can also be used for flue gas demisting, can be installed vertically, and can be installed on the top of the existing desulfurization tower. The removed water mist flows down the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 and enters the desulfurization tower. The discharge port 8 is integrated with the inlet 3 of the vortex chamber. That's it. It can also be used for exhaust gas treatment of vehicles and ships, and the exhaust gas pressure of the engine can be used to inject the flue gas into the cyclone.
- the structure of the sixth embodiment of the cyclone is as follows: on the basis of the above structure, at least one surrounding partition 13 is arranged on the peripheral inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 , and at least one discharge port 8 is arranged corresponding to the surrounding partition 13 in the vortex chamber 2 .
- Surrounding the partition body 13 can adopt a flange plate or a cylinder body, and one or more flange plates can be arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 in parallel with the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 to divide the vortex chamber 2 into multiple sections, and the vortex chamber 2 is pivoted. Separated into multiple areas, the flange can block the axial flow of fluid along the periphery of the vortex chamber 2, and the separation effect can be achieved.
- the surrounding retaining ring can be made into a cylindrical shape or a pull-out shape. It can make the flange flat and prevent the separation material from flowing to the 4 ends of the outlet of the vortex cavity, which can greatly improve the separation effect. It is also possible to set one or more pulling cylinders in the straight cylindrical eddy current cavity 2, and connect the thicker end of the pulling cylinder to the inner wall of the eddy current cavity 2, which can simplify the structure and remove the thinner cylinder. One end can be directed to the 3 ends of the vortex chamber inlet or the 4 ends of the vortex chamber outlet.
- the vortex cavity 2 is provided with at least one discharge port 8 corresponding to the surrounding separator 13, and one or more discharge ports 8 can be set on the periphery of each section of the vortex cavity 2, and various separation materials can be separated from each discharge port 8. Adjusting the flow rate of each discharge port 8 can better separate a variety of separated substances.
- this embodiment When this embodiment is used as a waste gas treatment device, various useful components can be extracted and sorted from the waste gas, and dust removal, desulfurization, denitration, etc. can be simultaneously completed; when the exhaust gas is dedusted, a variety of useful components can also be selected from the dust as a dust removal device.
- the gas When in use, the gas can be sucked into the cyclone from the inlet 3 of the vortex chamber, the dust-free gas can be discharged from the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber, the dust can be discharged from each discharge port 8, and various components can be separated from each discharge port 8. Dust particles.
- the minerals When used as beneficiation equipment, the minerals can be crushed into particles, and the particles can be sent to the cyclone with water or air for wet or dry separation: the water can be recycled, and the metal elements and heavy elements with larger specific gravity can be separated from The discharge port 8 is separated, and the water or air is separated from the outlet 4 of the vortex cavity, so that useful components, various minerals and useless components can be separated from each discharge port 8 respectively.
- the structure of the seventh embodiment of the swirler is as follows: on the basis of all the above structures, the casing 1 is provided with a combustion material supply device 15 corresponding to the swirl chamber 2 near the inlet 3 of the swirl chamber.
- a combustion material supply device 15 can be provided on the casing 1 corresponding to the swirl chamber 2 near the inlet 3 of the swirl chamber.
- the combustion material supply device 15 can supply fuel alone or simultaneously supply materials to be fired according to needs.
- the combustion material supply device 15 can be set to form a combustion zone in this area.
- the solid fuel can be a stirring cage, an unloader, etc., and the liquid and gas fuel can be used. Nozzle, burner, etc.
- One or more combustion material supply devices 15 can be provided, and can be arranged at any position such as the top wall or side wall of the vortex chamber 2 or in the inflow pipe 9 according to the working conditions. Evenly feed various fuels and materials.
- the combustion material supply device 15 can be equipped with a igniter or a burner to achieve ignition, and the combustion material supply device 15 for feeding materials can be arranged below or above the combustion material supply device 15 for fuel feeding, which can better ensure combustion and furnace temperature.
- a temperature measuring device can be installed on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2. The temperature measuring device can use thermocouples, temperature control instruments and other devices. The temperature measuring device can control the combustion material supply device 15 through the temperature control instrument. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the set temperature.
- the vortex chamber 2 can be provided with a thermal insulation layer, the inner wall can be provided with a refractory and wear-resistant material layer, and the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 can also be a water-cooled wall, and the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 can be made of metal materials, which can simplify the manufacturing process;
- the outflow conduit cavity 11 is provided, the outflow conduit cavity 11 is provided with refractory materials, and the lower part of the outflow conduit cavity 11 can be supported at the bottom of the vortex cavity 2; 11. The manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the center axis of the vortex chamber 2 in this embodiment is better for vertical installation and use, and can be used as a new type of kiln, reaction furnace, incinerator, burner, furnace, smelting furnace, mud dehydration drying furnace, etc., and can burn a variety of powder materials
- the powder material can be sent into the vortex chamber 2 through the combustion material supply device 15, and it can burn lime powder, magnesium oxide powder, cement, various mineral powders, garbage, glass, ceramic frit, etc., and can also burn organic waste gas Wait.
- the material can be uniformly calcined, the material can be quickly calcined, fully calcined, the powder material can be directly calcined, and the powder can be collected and discharged at the same time.
- Liquid slag discharges such as cement can make the material powder melt and react on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 , and the molten molten liquid after the reaction flows down the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 and then can be discharged from the discharge port 8 .
- This embodiment can also be used as a smelting furnace, a melting furnace, etc., and a melting pool or a melting cylinder can be set at the lower part of the eddy current chamber 2, which can smelt a variety of metals by fire method, and can be used for iron smelting, copper smelting, aluminum-silicon alloy smelting, production of foam Alkali, glass, ceramic frit, etc.
- the fuel can be any fuel such as pulverized coal, gas, oil, etc. according to needs and environmental protection requirements. No coke and no coke oven gas are generated during iron making, which is more energy-saving and greatly reduces production costs.
- Mineral powder, limestone powder, coal powder, etc. can be fed into the vortex chamber 2 through the combustion material supply device 15, which can be conveyed by air flow. Set the flow automatic control device. When the coal powder burns in the vortex chamber 2, it moves to the 4 end of the vortex chamber outlet. After the ore powder is heated and melted, it flows spirally along the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 to the 4 end of the vortex chamber outlet, and the coal powder and limestone powder enter the vortex chamber 2 under the action of centrifugal force.
- the ore powder melt on the inner wall undergoes a reduction reaction and a slag-forming reaction, and the molten iron and slag formed by the reaction flow down the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 and enter the molten pool at the lower part of the vortex chamber 2. After the melting reaction is completed, it is discharged from the discharge port 8, and the molten pool is discharged. Setting the upper and lower discharge ports 8 can realize the separation of slag and water.
- Set the temperature control device to control the furnace temperature, and set the feeding control device to automatically control the feeding speed of mineral powder. When the furnace temperature is too high, the waste heat of the exhaust gas can be used to generate electricity or heat the material, and then the waste heat can be collected through the heat exchanger and discharged. Air cooling.
- the powder is rapidly heated in the eddy current chamber 2, and the melting is realized on the inner wall of the eddy current chamber 2.
- the molten liquid is further melted, reacted, homogenized, layered, etc., and finally the sintered molten material is discharged from the discharge port 8.
- this embodiment When used as an incinerator, this embodiment can realize low-temperature combustion, can process various organic waste gases, etc., has better heat storage capacity, can better realize low-temperature combustion, can completely eliminate RTO incinerators, etc., and the exhaust gas after combustion can be replaced
- the heat exchange of the heater heats the intake air, which can better improve the utilization of thermal energy.
- Catalytic combustion can be achieved when the catalyst layer 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the swirl chamber 2 .
- a combustion platform When incinerating solid fuels such as organic waste, lump coal, wood blocks, etc., a combustion platform can also be set in the vortex chamber 2 corresponding to the combustion material supply device 15, and the solid fuel, etc., are pushed into the combustion platform tangentially along the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 with a push plate. , to achieve rapid combustion on the combustion platform, and the new solid fuel is pushed in intermittently, which can make the fuel roll over and burn out better.
- the ash deposited on the combustion platform is regularly pushed up by the push plate with a grab knife at the lower part.
- the cleaning of the combustion platform can be completed by entering the vortex chamber 2; the combustion platform can also adopt a water cooling wall, and the combustion platform can be made of metal materials, which can simplify the manufacturing process.
- combustion chamber can also be set outside the combustion material supply device 15 according to the working conditions, so that the material can achieve primary combustion in the combustion chamber and secondary combustion in the swirl chamber 2, which can better improve the combustion effect.
- the working conditions require any structure such as chain grate, mechanical grate, fluidized bed, grate, drum, and gasification combustion chamber.
- a plurality of baffle-shaped protrusions can also be arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2, which can increase the residence time of the material on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2, and can improve the burnout rate or the firing rate.
- an auxiliary swirl cavity inlet 3 can be added to the swirl cavity 2 at the lower part of the combustion material supply device 15, and the intake pipe 9 is connected to the swirl cavity inlet 3 along the tangential direction of the cross section of the swirl cavity 2, which can better adjust the gas ratio.
- the vortex rotation and combustion effect in the vortex chamber 2 can be improved.
- the structure of the eighth embodiment of the swirler is as follows: on the basis of the above structure, the casing 1 is provided with a combustion supply device 18 corresponding to the vortex chamber 2 near the inlet 3 of the vortex chamber, and a heat recovery device 16 is provided on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 .
- One or more combustion supply devices 18 can be provided on the casing 1 corresponding to the swirl chamber 2 near the inlet 3 of the swirl chamber.
- the combustion supply device 18 can supply various fuels as required.
- the chamber 2 is provided with a combustion supply device 18 to form a combustion zone in this area.
- a stirring cage, an unloader, etc. may be used for solid fuel, and a nozzle or the like may be used for liquid and gas fuel.
- the combustion supply device 18 can also be arranged in the inflow pipe 9 or at the inlet 3 of the swirl chamber, and various fuels can be uniformly fed into the swirl chamber 2 through the combustion supply device 18 .
- a temperature measuring device can be installed on the inner wall of the eddy current chamber 2. The temperature measuring device can use thermocouples, temperature control instruments and other devices. The temperature measuring device can control the combustion supply device 18 through the temperature control instrument. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the upper limit of the set temperature , automatically disconnect the fuel supply power, when the furnace temperature reaches the lower limit of the set temperature, automatically turn on the fuel supply power.
- the vortex cavity 2 can be provided with a thermal insulation layer, the inner wall can be provided with a refractory and wear-resistant material layer, and an outflow pipe cavity 11 can be provided in the vortex rectifier 6.
- the inner wall of the outflow pipe cavity 11 can be provided with thermal insulation materials, and the outer wall is provided with refractory materials and outflow pipes.
- the lower part of the cavity 11 can be supported on the bottom of the vortex cavity 2 .
- a heat recovery device 16 is arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2, and a heat recovery tube or a heat recovery box can be arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 as the heat recovery device 16, and water, oil or gas can be used as the heat recovery medium.
- the heating device 16 can be arranged close to the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2.
- the heating device 16 adopts a heating tube, a certain gap can be left between the heating tube and the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2, which can better improve the heating efficiency.
- the heat recovery pipe can also be arranged around the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 .
- the heat recovery device 16 can adopt the heat recovery tube device adopted by any existing boiler, and can realize various pressure boilers as required.
- This embodiment can be used as a variety of boiler equipment, and can use any fuel such as pulverized coal, oil, gas, coal-water slurry, organic waste, organic waste gas, etc.
- the central axis of the swirl chamber 2 can be installed vertically, so that the fuel can achieve uniform swirl combustion in the swirl chamber 2, and the swirl combustion can be used to fully burn the fuel, especially when burning coal, the pulverized coal can be continuously burned at the same time. The peel burns fully. No matter what fuel is used, the fuel is supplied accurately, and when the air volume is adjusted, the temperature of the combustion zone can be kept stable and uniform, the furnace temperature can be precisely controlled, the low-temperature combustion can be realized, and the production of nitrogen oxides can be reduced.
- Simultaneous addition of calcium carbonate powder during coal combustion can achieve dry desulfurization in the furnace, the temperature in the furnace is uniform, and the eddy current promotes the reaction, which can achieve dry desulfurization; injection of ammonia or urea can achieve SNCR denitrification.
- the vortex formed by the vortex cavity 2 can promote the air flow speed on the surface of the heating device 16, which can greatly improve the heating efficiency, greatly reduce the heating area, and greatly reduce the cost.
- the vortex motion greatly prolongs the moving distance of the hot air flow in the vortex chamber 2, which can fully transfer heat energy and realize efficient and sufficient heat recovery.
- the burned ash moves downward along the vortex chamber 2 to complete the heat recovery, and then enters the conical bottom ash collecting box and is discharged from the discharge port 8 .
- the flue gas is discharged from the outlet 4 of the vortex cavity after synchronous heat recovery and dust removal.
- This embodiment is a high-efficiency boiler, which can greatly improve the burnout rate, greatly reduce the emissions of carbon monoxide, sulfur, nitrate, and dust, and can simultaneously complete dust removal, desulfurization, and denitration, and at the same time realize full utilization of thermal energy.
- the combustion material supply method of the combustion supply device 18 in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the seventh embodiment.
- the structure of the ninth embodiment of the present cyclone is: on the basis of all the above structures, a liquid spray device 17 is provided on the casing 1 corresponding to the vortex chamber 2 .
- the shell 1 is provided with a liquid spray device 17 corresponding to the vortex chamber 2.
- the liquid spray device 17 can be arbitrarily set on the upper inner wall or the outer peripheral inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 or on the inflow pipe 9 as required.
- the liquid spray device 17 can be a nozzle, a nozzle, etc.
- the auxiliary facilities of the liquid spray device 17 include devices such as pumps, pipes, flow control valves, sedimentation tanks or water tanks, and the liquid spray devices 17 such as spray heads and nozzles can spray liquids such as water or alkaline water into the vortex chamber 2; the liquid spray device 17
- the water can also be injected along the tangential direction of the cross section of the vortex chamber 2 along the direction of the vortex rotation.
- the vortex rotation can make the water on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 rotate, so that the separated material enters the water and is discharged together with the water.
- a pipe cavity is provided in the stator vortex rectifier 6 to output fluid, and when the inlet end of the pipe cavity is connected to the vortex cavity outlet 4, it can also be used for flue gas desulfurization and dust removal.
- a liquid spray device 17 is installed in the area to spray the evaporated and supplemented water, which can form a secondary purification of flue gas in this area. After the flue gas rotates into the outflow pipe cavity 11, the water mist can be removed, which can further improve the dust removal and purification effect of the flue gas.
- a liquid collecting chamber can also be arranged at the lower part of the vortex chamber 2, which can better buffer the movement of the flue gas, better make the water mist settle, collect and discharge, and can improve the purification effect of the flue gas.
- a surrounding separator 13 can be arranged on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 near the 3 section of the inlet of the vortex chamber to realize dry dust removal.
- a liquid spray device 17 is set up, and the vortex chamber 2 near the 4 section of the outlet of the vortex chamber is used to realize higher-level flue gas purification such as wet dust removal, desulfurization, and deamination.
- the vortex chamber 2 in this embodiment can be installed and used horizontally, obliquely, or vertically. Generally, the vertical installation has better effect. It can be used in the field of flue gas purification such as dust removal, desulfurization, denitrification, and deamination, and can replace the existing Desulfurization tower, wet power, denitration equipment, etc. can also be transformed into cyclones by using the existing desulfurization tower. It can be widely used in all exhaust gas treatment fields such as various kilns, boilers, incinerators, vehicles and ships, and can be used in all fields of flue gas treatment.
- a water pool can also be arranged at the lower part of the vortex chamber 2, which can realize the circulation of water and liquid in the vortex chamber, and can simplify the structure.
- oxidants can also be sprayed on the flue to oxidize nitric oxide into polynitric oxide, and soda ash, caustic soda, lime or calcium carbonate can be added to the water to absorb and react.
- the water consumption is small, the energy consumption of the water pump is greatly reduced, and various spray towers can be replaced.
- the odor components can be better collected, and the odor components can also be reacted with acid and alkali, which can better remove the odor.
- wet dust removal can be performed, which can remove dust and harmful substances more efficiently, and can make the flue gas more environmentally friendly.
- the cyclone makes full use of the motion inertia, eddy current, and the energy of the moving fluid, and the fluid is separated and reacted in the cyclone.
- the fluid forms a vortex in the vortex chamber 2, and the vortex makes the moving speed of each particle in the fluid different, so that each particle in the fluid forms an independent moving individual, which can better use centrifugal force to separate particles of different specific gravity, using eddy current
- the centrifugal force generated in the fluid realizes the separation and sorting of different specific gravity substances in the fluid.
- the eddy current spirals along the axial direction, and the independent moving individuals with different specific gravity move at different speeds toward the periphery of the vortex.
- the flue gas When used for flue gas purification, the flue gas can be fully and quickly contacted with the water and liquid, so that the pollutants in the flue gas can fully enter the water and liquid, and the clean exhaust gas is discharged from the outlet 4 of the vortex chamber.
- the eddy current is used to promote chemical reactions, to achieve desulfurization, denitration, and complete purification of flue gas.
- the catalyst can be set on the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2 to further promote various chemical reactions, and separation can be used to realize mineral processing.
- eddy current combustion can be used to fully burn the fuel.
- the fuel can be continuously peeled off and ground for full combustion, which can realize dust removal, desulfurization and denitration in boilers, burners, etc. Emissions are more environmentally friendly.
- the eddy current makes the fuel burn fully, and the rotating centrifugal force is used to make the material form a melting reaction on the kiln wall, so that the powder material directly participates in the carbothermic reduction reaction, so that ironmaking does not require coke and pellet sintering.
- Suspension calcination realizes rapid tumbling of powder materials in the eddy current, accelerates heat transfer, realizes rapid calcination, realizes high production capacity of small kilns, greatly reduces energy consumption, and at the same time prevents powder from rapidly leaving the high temperature zone, makes powder calcined evenly, and greatly improves product quality. It also greatly reduces the dust content in the flue gas of furnaces such as glass melting furnaces.
- the eddy current accelerates the movement speed of the fluid on the surface of the heating tube, realizes rapid heat transfer, reduces the heating area, and reduces the volume and cost of the boiler.
- the cyclone finally separates most of the dust from the flue gas, reducing the dust content of the flue gas.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
一种旋流器,包括壳体(1),壳体(1)内设涡流腔(2),涡流腔(2)横截面为圆形,涡流腔(2)一端设置涡流腔进口(3),涡流腔(2)另一端轴心区域设置圆形涡流腔出口(4),涡流腔出口(4)口径小于涡流腔(2)最大内径,涡流腔出口(4)端的涡流腔(2)内设置流体运动缓冲室(19),壳体(1)上设置促使流体在涡流腔(2)内旋转的旋流装置(5),壳体(1)上设置贯穿涡流腔(2)轴心区域的横截面为圆型的定子涡旋整流体(6),环绕定子涡旋整流体(6)外壁至少设有一道环绕挡圈(7),涡流腔(2)至少设置一个出料口(8)。该旋流器可广泛用于除尘、脱硫、脱硝、除味、气体净化、抽油烟、垃圾处理、选矿、反应器、燃烧器等领域,可实现良好的分离效果。
Description
本发明涉及选矿、选煤、油气回收、垃圾处理、空气净化、除尘、脱硫、脱硝、抽油烟净化、尾气处理、除黑烟、除异味、化学反应器、锅炉、燃烧器、窑炉、熔炉、反应炉、冶炼炉、泥浆脱水干化燥炉、海水淡化、污水处理等领域,具体是一种旋流器,可实现化学反应、分离等功能,各种功能即可单独使用也可组合使用。
今天的环境污染已严重影响到地球生态圈,大气污染已严重影响到地球生态圈,究其原因主要是技术原因,现有技术无法将烟气中的颗粒物清除干净。现有的除尘设备普遍存在除尘效果太差,能耗大等缺陷,粉尘污染已成为大气污染最重要的污染源,成为霾的罪魁祸首。现有的空气净化设备净化效果太差,脱硫脱硝设备造价高,运行费用高,能耗高,脱除效率低,效果不好,除尘、脱硫、脱硝效率低下。对黑烟、许多化工异味、二恶英基本无法处理,黑烟、异味气体污染已成为重要污染源。
现有的选矿设备选矿效果一般,无法实现更精细分选,造成资源浪费和环境污染。
现有的选煤设备只是简单的洗煤,无法将煤充分选干净,致使煤里面的硫燃烧后形成二氧化硫,煤里面的各种金属元素等有价值的东西都没能选出来,都跑到煤灰里了,煤里面的放射性元素也跑到大气和煤灰里了,造成严重的环境污染和资源浪费。
现有的垃圾处理技术普遍采用焚烧、填埋等、焚烧后尾气处理不干净,造成严重的大气环境污染,填埋造成占地和地下水污染。
现有的反应器设备有反应釜、催化剂反应罐或塔等,普遍存在反应速度慢、反应不彻底、造价高、催化剂易老化等缺陷。
现有的锅炉设备、燃烧器设备等普遍存在燃烧不充分,特别是燃煤锅炉燃尽率只有80%左右,造成严重的能源浪费,燃烧不充分造成严重的环境污染。
现有的窑炉有竖窑、回转窑、焚烧炉、反应炉、熔炉、冶炼炉、高炉等,普遍存在燃烧不充分、能耗高、效率低、体积庞大等缺陷。高炉炼铁需要焦炭、矿粉需要球团烧结、能耗高,成本高等缺陷。玻璃熔炉等普遍采用马蹄炎窑等,普遍存在能耗高、粉尘大等缺陷。
现有的泥浆脱水设备对超细泥浆脱水困难。
发明内容
充分利用流体运动,利用涡流,使流体受涡流影响,在圆周运动离心力的作用下, 利用涡流实现分离,使不同体积、比重的粒子相互之间实现分离。不同体积、比重的粒子向涡流外围的运动速度不一样,流体内比重大的粒子会更早的运动到涡流外围,比重小的粒子会更晚的运动到涡流外围,利用这一点实现不同物质的分选。涡流中的每一个点相互之间都存在相对运动,利用涡流的作用,使涡流中的每一个分子、原子等各种粒子形成不同运动速度的独立运动个体,利用涡流运动和离心力以及重力等使不同颗粒度大小、不同比重的物质进入不同区域最终实现分离。在圆周运动离心力以及运动惯性的作用下可以使烟气中的颗粒物等进入水中,实现烟气净化,向本旋流器内输入碱性液体等时,可用于烟气脱硫、脱硝、除异味等领域,可大大提高设备运行效率,降低造价和运行成本。利用涡流使分子相互碰撞摩擦,可促进化学反应,可作为脱硝设备、化学反应器等使用。
本旋流器可广泛应用于各种分离领域,可实现各种物质成份的分离、分选、提取、提纯,可作为选矿设备,可实现多种矿物、原料的分离提取、提纯。可将矿石粉碎成颗粒,用水或气输送颗粒进行湿选活干选。可作为海水淡化设备、污水处理设备使用。本旋流器可作为除尘器使用,可采用干式除尘或湿式除尘;喷入碱性液体或喷入干式脱硫剂时,可用于烟气脱硫领域,实现湿式脱硫或干式脱硫;旋流器内壁设置催化剂层时,可实现烟气SCR脱硝;也可作为车船尾气处理器使用,可完成除尘、除烟,可同时取代三元催化器,不堵塞,可使尾气在本旋流器内完成三元反应,实现脱硝、除碳氢化合物、除一氧化碳,可将尾气中的颗粒物、氮氧化物等高效清除。也可作为反应器使用,可采用涡流使分子相互碰撞摩擦,可促进化学反应,可实现催化反应效果,可用于各种化学反应器,也可作为脱硝设备的催化反应设备使用。涡流使燃料燃烧充分,利用旋转离心力使物料在窑壁上形成熔融反应,实现粉体物料直接参与碳热还原反应,使炼铁不用焦炭,不用球团烧结。悬浮煅烧实现粉体物料在涡流内快速翻滚,加快热传递,实现快速煅烧,实现小窑炉高产能,大幅降低能耗,同时避免粉体快速脱离高温带,使粉体煅烧均匀,大幅提高产品质量,也使玻璃熔炉等熔炉烟气含尘量大幅降低。涡流加快采热管表面流体运动速度,实现快速传热,降低采热面积,降低锅炉体积和造价。旋流器最终将大部分粉尘与烟气实现分离,降低了烟气含尘量。
本旋流器为实现上述目的,通过以下技术方案实现:旋流器包括壳体,壳体内设涡流腔,涡流腔横截面为圆形,涡流腔一端设置涡流腔进口,涡流腔另一端轴心区域设置圆形涡流腔出口,涡流腔出口口径小于涡流腔最大内径,涡流腔出口端的涡流腔内设置流体运动缓冲室,壳体上设置促使流体在涡流腔内旋转的旋流装置,壳体上设置贯穿涡流腔轴心区域的横截面为圆型的定子涡旋整流体,环绕定子涡旋整流体外壁至少设置一道环绕挡圈,涡流腔至少设置一个出料口。
涡流腔一端侧壁设置涡流腔进口,进流管道沿涡流腔横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口形成流道作为旋流装置。
进流管道内设流道流速调节板,流道流速调节板的转轴与涡流腔的中心轴线平行设置。
涡旋整流体内设置出流管道腔,出流管道腔进口端连通涡流腔出口,在涡流腔内对应涡流腔出口设置挡流装置。
涡流腔内至少设置一层与涡流腔横截面呈倾斜角度的多个放射状排列的导叶,导叶之间形成与涡流腔横截面呈倾斜角度的流道作为旋流装置。
涡流腔外围内壁上至少设置一道环绕分隔体,涡流腔对应环绕分隔体至少设置一个出料口。
涡流腔内壁上设置催化剂层。
壳体上对应靠近涡流腔进口端的涡流腔设置燃烧物料供应装置。
壳体上对应靠近涡流腔进口端的涡流腔设置燃烧供应装置,涡流腔内壁上设置采热装置。
壳体上对应涡流腔设置喷液装置。
本旋流器的优点在于:充分利用了圆周运动和流体运动,充分利用涡流,使流体被逐渐分离,效果随转速提高同步提高,流体沿轴向螺旋运动,在轴向运动过程中,逐渐被分离,可从工作介质中分离出多种物质,可用于烟气除尘,也可同步从粉尘中选出有用物质,比如:可从粉煤灰中选出空心微珠、各种矿物等。利用涡流使水液与烟气更好的充分接触,可实现湿式除尘和湿式脱硫。利用涡流使烟气与干式脱硫剂充分接触,实现干法脱硫。利用涡流使烟气与催化剂层充分接触,实现SCR脱硝。利用涡流使分子相互碰撞摩擦,可产生大量自由基,可大大促进化学反应,可实现催化效果。本旋流器具有制造简单、设备可大可小、应用领域广泛、制造成本低、制造工艺简单、使用成本低、维护费用低、使用寿命长等优点。
附图1是本旋流器的主体结构示意图;
附图2是附图1的A-A剖面示意图;
附图3是本旋流器实施例之一的主视结构示意图;
附图4是附图3的B-B剖面示意图;
附图5是本旋流器实施例之二的主视结构示意图;
附图6是附图5的C-C剖面示意图;
附图7是本旋流器实施例之三的主视结构示意图;
附图8是本旋流器实施例之四的主视结构示意图;
附图9是本旋流器实施例之五的主视结构示意图;
附图10是本旋流器实施例之六的主视结构示意图;
附图11是本旋流器实施例之七的主视结构示意图;
附图12是本旋流器实施例之八的主视结构示意图;
附图13是本旋流器实施例之九的主视结构示意图。
本旋流器主体结构包括包括壳体1,壳体1内设涡流腔2,涡流腔2横截面为圆形,涡流腔2一端设置涡流腔进口3,涡流腔2另一端轴心区域设置圆形涡流腔出口4,涡流腔出口4口径小于涡流腔2最大内径,涡流腔出口4端的涡流腔2内设置流体运动缓冲室19,壳体1上设置促使流体在涡流腔2内旋转的旋流装置5,壳体1上设置贯穿涡流腔2轴心区域的横截面为圆型的定子涡旋整流体6,环绕定子涡旋整流体6外壁至少设置一道环绕挡圈7,涡流腔2至少设置一个出料口8。
壳体1的范围包括支架、机壳等,每一个部位都可统称做壳体。本旋流器可以根据需要选用不同的材料制造,可使用金属、合金、陶瓷、玻璃、塑料、尼龙、泡沫材料、耐火材料等材料制造。
壳体1内设置涡流腔2。涡流腔2可做成一体或开体结构,安装时合在一起即可,涡流腔2也可根据需要任意开体,可方便装配。涡流腔2内壁、外壁也可根据需要设耐磨材料层、耐高温材料层、保温层、耐腐蚀层或催化剂材料层等,易磨损区域也可在表面贴耐磨片或砌耐磨砖,设备维护时,进行修补维护即可。用于窑炉烟气脱硫脱硝、化工异味处理等时,涡流腔2内壁上可以根据具体工况条件设置防腐或防腐耐磨层、催化剂层等。可以在涡流腔2内壁上采用喷涂、涂抹、贴片、砌块等方法设置催化剂层,可进一步提高化学催化反应效果。可根据具体工况选用对应的催化剂,涡流腔2内的涡流可以使粒子都能够与催化剂层接触到,可大大提高化学催化反应效果,同时可避免催化剂层表面粘附污染物,可大大提高催化剂层使用寿命,作为发动机尾气处理器使用时可更好地完成三元催化,用于烟气脱硝时可实现SCR脱硝。
涡流腔2横截面为圆形。涡流腔2内腔横截面设置成圆形,可在涡流腔2内更好的形成涡流;涡流腔2通常可设置成圆柱形结构,可简化结构。涡流腔2也可设置成圆台形结 构或多段圆台形结构,可实现不同的功能效果。适当加大涡流腔2轴向长度可提高分离效果,流体线速度一定时,涡流腔2内径越小,涡流转速越高,分离效果越好。实验证明:涡流腔2轴向长度是径向粗度的4倍时效果较好。
涡流腔2一端设置涡流腔进口3,可在涡流腔2一端轴端或侧壁设置涡流腔进口3,可实现流体从涡流腔2一端轴端或侧壁输入。
涡流腔2另一端轴心区域设置圆形涡流腔出口4。在涡流腔2另一端轴心区域设置圆形涡流腔出口4,可实现流体轴向输出,圆形涡流腔出口4可提高分离效果。
涡流腔出口4口径小于涡流腔2最大内径。涡流腔出口4口径小于涡流腔2最大内径,可使涡流腔2内形成的涡流分离出的比重较大的物质留在涡流腔2内。涡流腔出口4外缘设置环绕挡圈或向涡流腔出口4开口扩张的拔埽筒体可更好地避免分离物吸入涡流腔出口4造成二次污染,可进一步提高分离效果。
涡流腔出口4端的涡流腔2内设置流体运动缓冲室19。可在涡流腔出口4端的涡流腔2内设置流体运动缓冲室19,流体运动缓冲室19可缓冲流体轴向运动惯性,可提高分离效果,可尽量加大流体运动缓冲室19轴向空间,可提高分离效果。也可在涡流腔2内的涡流腔出口4上设置一圈圆筒体或拔埽筒体可在其外围形成流体运动缓冲室19,可缓冲流体轴向运动,可提高分离效果。
壳体1上设置促使流体在涡流腔2内旋转的旋流装置5。旋流装置5可使流体在涡流腔2内旋转,旋流装置5通常可采用沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口3的管道,利用管道内流体的运动惯性使流体沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向冲入涡流腔2,在涡流腔2内旋转流动形成旋转涡流。旋流装置5也可采用在涡流腔2内设置一层或多层与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的多个放射状排列的导叶,导叶之间形成与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的流道,可以促进流体旋转,导叶可采用近似轴流叶轮叶片结构。两种结构的旋流装置5既可单独使用也可同时使用。
壳体1上设置贯穿涡流腔2轴心区域的横截面为圆型的定子涡旋整流体6。可在壳体1上设置贯穿涡流腔2轴心区域的横截面为圆型的定子涡旋整流体6,定子涡旋整流体6外周做成圆形,定子涡旋整流体6外形可作成圆柱形或圆台形,定子涡旋整流体6内可作成空腔,也可利用空腔作为管道腔输出流体,管道腔进口端连通涡流腔出口4即可实现流体从涡流腔进口3端进出,可更好地利用空间。定子涡旋整流体6处在涡流腔2内,定子涡旋整流体6固定不动,定子涡旋整流体6外周壁对流体有一个附面层效应,使比重较小的物质在圆周运动离心力作用下更加贴近定子涡旋整流体6外周壁,使比重较大的物质在圆周运动离心 力作用下更加远离定子涡旋整流体6外周壁。定子涡旋整流体6使流体在定子涡旋整流体6外围的涡流腔2内更好的形成一个从中心到外围转速递增的涡流,可更好地提高分离效果。定子涡旋整流体6可根据需要设置成圆柱形、圆台形或喇叭形,通常设置成圆柱形即可,定子涡旋整流体6外径可根据涡流腔2内径按比例设定,实验证明:定子涡旋整流体6的外径与涡流腔2内径的比值越小分离效果越好,通常选择0.382—0.618左右比较合适。
环绕定子涡旋整流体6外壁至少设置一道环绕挡圈7。可在环绕定子涡旋整流体6外壁设置一道或多道环绕挡圈7,受定子涡旋整流体6外壁附面层影响,贴近涡旋整流体6外壁区域的流体转速较低,导致分离效果降低,环绕挡圈7可阻挡流体沿贴近涡旋整流体6外壁区域轴向流动,可大幅提高分离效果,适当加大环绕挡圈7径向宽度,可提高分离效果。湿式除尘时也可阻挡定子涡旋整流体6外壁吸附的含有污染物的水液轴向流动,使该水液沿环绕挡圈7向外围运动,使该水液脱离涡旋整流体6外壁,可避免该水液流出涡流腔出口4外,可提高烟气净化效果。
涡流腔2至少设置一个出料口8。可以根据需要在涡流腔2下部或外围设置一个或多个出料口8,可以分离出比重较大的分离物,使用时也可以调整好出料口8的流量,可更好地排出分离物。也可在圆周上设置多个出料口8,可更好的排出分离物;也可将出料口8轴向长度加大可更好的排出粉尘等固体分离物;也可在涡流腔2内壁上轴向上设置多个出料口8,可分选出多种比重不同的分离物。也可以在出料口8设置阀门、风门、螺旋输送器、旋转卸料器等活动密封卸料装置,可调节流量,可调节分离效果,可使分离物在涡流腔2内压力、重力、离心力作用下从涡流腔2内卸出,也可间歇打开出料口8将分离物卸出。也可在出料口8内设集灰箱或熔池或集液室等,可间歇打开出料口8排灰、排料。也可在出料口8外设集灰室,可间歇打开出料口8排灰。
本旋流器工作时,可在涡流腔出口4上或涡流腔进口3上设置流体输送设备,在涡流腔出口4上设置流体输送设备为抽送,在涡流腔进口3上设置流体输送设备为鼓送,可根据具体工况条件任意设置。旋流器可单独使用也可串联使用,串联使用可提高效果,可根据需要任意设置。流体输送设备根据不同的流体选用各种风机或水泵,流体输送设备工作时,流体在涡流腔2内形成涡流。流体输送设备安装在涡流腔进口3上时涡流腔2内为正压工作,一般用于尾气处理、粉磨、选矿等领域;流体输送设备安装在涡流腔出口4上时涡流腔2内为负压工作,一般用于除尘、锅炉等领域。本主体结构的涡流腔2中轴线竖置、横置或斜置安装均可。采用竖置安装可更好地排出粉尘等,可节约占地面积。横置安装时,可利用烟道空间,可延长涡流腔2轴向长度。海水淡化等时也可横置安装使用。本主体结构具有分离、 反应等功能,作为分离设备使用时,可用于多种需要分离的领域,可作为除尘器、发动机尾气净化器、空气净化器、选矿设备、海水淡化设备、污水处理设备、液体分离设备等使用。作为除尘设备使用时,可将气体从涡流腔进口3吸入本旋流器,可从涡流腔出口4排出处理后的气体,从出料口8排出灰尘。也可串联设置多个旋流器,可进一步提高除尘效果。也可在大的母旋流器周围设置多个小的子旋流器,烟气从母旋流器一级处理后进入多个子旋流器二级处理,可更好地利用空间实现烟气二级净化,达到超低排放。也可将多个小的旋流器并联使用,可提高总风量,达到超低排放。旋流器直径越小、流体流速越高时,分离效果越好。作为抽油烟机使用时,可将烟气从涡流腔进口3吸入本旋流器,可将油烟分离,处理后的无烟气体从涡流腔出口4排出,废油从出料口8排出。可作为发动机尾气处理器使用,可以将发动机排气管直接连接涡流腔进口3即可,可简化结构,在涡流腔2内壁上设置催化剂层可替代三元催化器,可同步完成尾气除尘,同时可代替消声器。也可以将涡流腔2涡流腔出口4端做成轴向断开活动密封结构,灰尘都集中在该段涡流腔2内,出料口8可以与该段涡流腔2的轴向断开活动密封装置合为一体,可定期轴向断开该段涡流腔2排灰。作为海水淡化设备、污水处理设备等使用时,可采用高压泵输送水液,缩小涡流腔进口3的口径,将进水管做成内径逐渐收缩的结构,缩小流量,提高水流速度,尽量缩小涡流腔2内径、加大涡流腔2长度,可实现涡流超高转速,提高离心力,实现海水淡化。家用净水器可采用自来水压力,尽量缩小涡流腔2内径、加大涡流腔2长度,缩小涡流腔进口3的口径,将进水管做成内径逐渐收缩的结构,缩小流量,提高水流速度,可实现净水效果。作为选矿设备使用时,可干选或水选,将矿物磨粉后用水调成料浆送入旋流器即可水选,用风送料粉级可干选,水选效果更好,可将比重较大的矿物从出料口8选出,比重较小的矿渣从出涡流腔出口4排出。尽量缩小涡流腔2内径、加大涡流腔2长度,缩小流量,提高进流速度,可提高选矿效果。
作为反应设备使用时,可利用涡流使分子相互碰撞摩擦,可促进化学反应,可实现催化反应效果,可广泛用于化工领域。也可在涡流腔2内壁上采用喷涂、涂抹、贴片、砌块等方法设置催化剂层,可进一步提高化学催化反应效果,用于烟气脱硝时,可根据具体工况条件设置脱硝催化剂层,可实现SCR脱硝。也可使烟气在涡流腔2内完成干式脱硫反应,可用碱金属或氢氧化钙、小苏打等作为干式脱硫剂,脱硫剂在涡流腔2内参与脱硫反应,实现烟气干式除尘脱硫一体化。
本旋流器实施例之一的结构是:在以上结构基础上,涡流腔2一端侧壁设置涡流腔进口3,进流管道9沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口3形成流道作为旋流装置5。可在涡流腔2一端侧壁设置涡流腔进口3,进流管道9用于流体输入旋流器,进流管道9可 以根据工况要求任意设置,进流管道9横截面可以设置成方形或圆形等,可根据不同的输送介质选用不同的材料。进流管道9沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口3形成流道作为旋流装置5,可以使流体进入涡流腔2后在运动惯性作用下在涡流腔2内旋转流动,在涡流腔2内形成旋转涡流。进流管道9可以设置一条或多条,进流管道9可以从涡流腔2外围沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口3,可简化结构。进流管道9越贴近涡流腔2外围效果越好,进流管道9也可做成向涡流腔2出口收缩的结构可更好地提高效果。
本实施例可使流体从涡流腔2一端侧壁进入涡流腔2,可促进涡流腔2内的涡流旋转。
本旋流器实施例之二的结构是:在实施例之一的结构基础上,进流管道9内设流道流速调节板10,流道流速调节板10的转轴与涡流腔2的中心轴线平行设置。可在进流管道9内设置转轴与涡流腔2的中心轴线平行设置的流道流速调节板10,流道流速调节板10的转轴可以贴近进流管道9进口端的靠近涡流腔2的中心轴线的内壁,流道流速调节板10可设置成门板形状,调节门板开合度既可调节进流管道9内流体的流速。流入旋流器的流体流量变小时可调节流道流速调节板10保证流速,可保证旋流器的分离效果。
本实施例可更好地保证旋流器的分离效果。
本旋流器实施例之三的结构是:在以上结构基础上,涡流腔2中轴线竖置安装,涡旋整流体6内设置出流管道腔11,出流管道腔11进口端连通涡流腔出口4,涡流腔2下部设置成内径向下逐渐缩小的锥筒体腔,涡流腔2底部设置出料口8,贯穿涡流腔出口4到出料口8之间的涡流腔2中心轴线设置圆柱体14,圆柱体14外壁轴向设置多道环绕挡流圈21。可以将涡旋整流体6内设置成空腔,利用空腔形成出流管道腔11,出流管道腔11一端连通涡流腔出口4即可,涡流腔2下部设置成内径向下逐渐缩小的锥筒体腔,可以使物料向下逐渐收集,同时可逐渐提高流体转速,提高离心力,提高分离效果。在涡流腔2底部设置出料口8,可便于物料排出。贯穿涡流腔出口4到出料口8之间的涡流腔2中心轴线设置圆柱体14,圆柱体14处于涡流腔2中心轴线上即可,圆柱体14可采用管芯封闭的圆管或圆棒。圆柱体14外壁轴向上间隔一定距离设置多道环绕挡流圈21,环绕挡流圈21紧密连接在圆柱体14外壁上即可,环绕挡流圈21可阻挡圆柱体14外壁处的流体轴向流动,可避免微尘等沿涡流腔2轴心区域向上流动,可大幅提高分离效果。
本实施例可实现流体从涡流腔进口3端进出,可充分利用空间,可提高分离净化效果,可更方便排出物料。
本旋流器实施例之四的结构是:在以上结构基础上,涡旋整流体6内设置出流管道腔11,出流管道腔11进口端连通涡流腔出口4,在涡流腔2内对应涡流腔出口4设置挡流 装置20。可以将涡旋整流体6内设置成空腔,利用空腔形成出流管道腔11,出流管道腔11一端连通涡流腔出口4即可,在涡流腔2内对应涡流腔出口4设置挡流装置20,挡流装置20可做成边缘设置向涡流腔2密封端开口扩张的拔埽筒体的圆形板,也可直接设置成向涡流腔2密封端开口扩张的锥形板或锥体,也可设置成圆形板。实验证明:挡流装置20直径大于环绕挡圈7外径时效果更好。挡流装置20可连接在涡旋整流体6上或连接在涡流腔2内壁上,挡流装置20也可与涡流腔2下部内壁合为一体,可简化结构。挡流装置20可阻挡流体沿轴向直接进入出流管道腔11,可避免形成漩涡导致细微粉尘等旋入出流管道腔11造成二次污染。
本实施例可实现流体从涡流腔进口3端进出,可充分利用空间。
本旋流器实施例之五的结构是:在以上结构基础上,涡流腔2内至少设置一层与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的多个放射状排列的导叶12,导叶12之间形成与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的流道作为旋流装置5。可在涡流腔2内设置一层或多层与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的多个放射状排列的导叶12,导叶12可采用近似轴流叶轮叶片结构,多个放射状排列的导叶12形成近似轴流叶轮状结构,导叶12之间形成与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的流道,该流道作为旋流装置5可以促进流体旋转。在涡流腔2内设置多层与涡流腔2横截面呈倾斜角度的多个放射状排列的导叶12,可大幅延长涡流腔2轴向长度而不影响涡流转速,可提高分离效果。
本实施例可更好地保证旋流器内的流体旋转,可实现旋流器横置安装使用,可充分利用烟道空间设置成旋流器。也可用于烟气脱雾,可竖置安装使用,可安装在现有脱硫塔顶部,脱除的水雾沿涡流腔2内壁流下进入脱硫塔,出料口8与涡流腔进口3合为一体即可。也可用于车船尾气处理,可利用发动机排气压力将烟气喷入旋流器。
本旋流器实施例之六的结构是:在以上结构基础上,涡流腔2外围内壁上至少设置一道环绕分隔体13,涡流腔2对应环绕分隔体13至少设置一个出料口8。环绕分隔体13可采用法兰牌或拔埽筒体,可在涡流腔2内壁上与涡流腔2横截面平行设置一道或多道法兰牌将涡流腔2分割成多段,将涡流腔2轴向隔离成多个区域,法兰可以阻挡流体沿涡流腔2外围轴向流动,可实现分离效果。也可在法兰内口上靠近涡流腔进口3侧均设置环绕挡圈,环绕挡圈可作成圆筒形或拔埽型,环绕挡圈作成圆筒形效果较好,环绕挡圈可起到支撑作用,可使法兰平整,又可阻挡分离物向涡流腔出口4端流动,可大幅提高分离效果。也可以在直筒状涡流腔2内设置一道或多道拔埽筒体,将拔埽筒体较粗的一端与涡流腔2内壁连接在一起即可,可简化结构,拔埽筒体较细的一端朝向涡流腔进口3端或涡流腔出口4端均可,拔 埽筒体较细的一端朝向涡流腔进口3端时可更好地阻挡分离物向涡流腔出口4端流动,可提高分离效果。分离物因比重、颗粒大小等不同,在轴向运动过程中,向涡流腔2外周的运动速度不同,不同的分离物分别运动到轴向不同的区域。涡流腔2对应环绕分隔体13至少设置一个出料口8可以在各段涡流腔2外围设置一个或多个出料口8,可以从各个出料口8分离出多种分离物,使用时可以调整好各个出料口8的流量,可更好地分离出多种分离物。
本实施例作为废气处理设备使用时,可从废气中提取分选各种有用成份,可同步完成除尘、脱硫、脱硝等;尾气除尘时也可从粉尘中选出多种有用成份,作为除尘设备使用时,可将气体从涡流腔进口3吸入本旋流器,可从涡流腔出口4排出无尘气体,从各个出料口8排出灰尘,可从各个出料口8分离出多种成份的粉尘颗粒物。作为选矿设备使用时,可将矿物粉碎成颗粒后,用水或空气将颗粒送进本旋流器进行湿选或干选:水可循环利用,可以将比重较大的金属元素、重元素分别从出料口8分离出来,水或空气从涡流腔出口4分离出来,可以将有用成份、多种矿物、无用成份从各个出料口8分别分离出来。
本旋流器实施例之七的结构是:在以上所有结构基础上,壳体1上对应靠近涡流腔进口3端的涡流腔2设置燃烧物料供应装置15。可以在壳体1上对应靠近涡流腔进口3端的涡流腔2设置燃烧物料供应装置15,燃烧物料供应装置15可根据需要即可单独供给燃料也可同时供给需要烧制的物料,壳体1上对应靠近涡流腔进口3端的涡流腔2设置燃烧物料供应装置15可以使该区域形成燃烧区,固体燃料可采用搅笼、卸料器等,液体、气体燃料可采用喷嘴、燃烧机等。燃烧物料供应装置15可设置一个或多个,可根据工况条件设置在涡流腔2顶壁或侧壁上或进流管道9内等任意位置,可通过燃烧物料供应装置15向涡流腔2内均匀送入各种燃料及物料。燃烧物料供应装置15可设置点火枪或燃烧机等实现点火,可将送物料的燃烧物料供应装置15设置在送燃料的燃烧物料供应装置15的下方或上方,可更好地保证燃烧和炉温。可在涡流腔2内壁上设置测温装置,测温装置可采用热电偶、温控仪表等装置,测温装置可通过温控仪表控制燃烧物料供应装置15,当炉内温度达到设定温度上限时,自动断开燃料供给电源,当炉内温度达到设定温度下限时,自动接通燃料供给电源即可。涡流腔2可设置保温层,内壁可设置耐火耐磨材料层,涡流腔2内壁也可采用水冷壁,可用金属材料制造出涡流腔2内壁,可简化制造工艺;可在涡旋整流体6内设置出流管道腔11,出流管道腔11设置耐火材料,出流管道腔11下部支撑在涡流腔2底部即可;出流管道腔11也可采用水冷壁,可用金属材料制造出流管道腔11,可简化制造工艺。
本实施例涡流腔2中心轴线竖置安装使用较好,可作为新型窑炉、反应炉、焚烧炉、燃烧器、熔炉、冶炼炉、泥浆脱水干燥炉等使用,可烧制多种粉体物料,将粉体物料通过燃 烧物料供应装置15送入涡流腔2即可,可烧制石灰粉、氧化镁粉、水泥、多种矿粉、垃圾、玻璃、陶瓷熔块等,也可焚烧有机废气等。本实施例可实现物料均匀煅烧,可使物料实现快速煅烧,充分煅烧,可直接烧粉体物料,同时可实现粉体收集排出,可将粉体采用气流输送送至储罐中,可实现全自动化进料、出料。水泥等液态排渣的可使料粉在涡流腔2内壁上实现熔融反应,反应后的熔液沿涡流腔2内壁流下后从出料口8排出即可。本实施例也可作为冶炼炉、熔炉等使用,在涡流腔2下部设置熔池或熔缸即可,可火法冶炼多种金属,可用于炼铁、炼铜、炼铝硅合金、生产泡花碱、玻璃、陶瓷熔块等,燃料可根据需要和环保要求采用煤粉、气、油等任意燃料。炼铁时不用焦炭,不产生焦炉煤气,更加节能,大大降低生产成本,可通过燃烧物料供应装置15向涡流腔2内送入矿粉、石灰石粉、煤粉等,可采用气流输送,可设置流量自动控制装置。煤粉在涡流腔2内燃烧的同时向涡流腔出口4端运动,矿粉加热熔化后沿涡流腔2内壁向涡流腔出口4端螺旋流动,煤粉与石灰石粉在离心力作用下进入涡流腔2内壁上的矿粉熔液发生还原反应和造渣反应,反应形成的铁水、渣水沿涡流腔2内壁流下进入涡流腔2下部的熔池,完成熔融反应后从出料口8排出,熔池设置上下出料口8即可实现渣水分离。设置温控装置控制炉温,设置进料控制装置自动控制矿粉进料速度即可。炉温太高时可将尾气余热发电或加热物料后再通过换热器采集余热后排放,可在排烟道上串联一个利用余热的旋流器,利用烟气余热加热粉体物料即可实现烟气降温。用于炼铜、炼铝硅合金、生产泡花碱、玻璃、陶瓷熔块等时与炼铁基本大同小异,基本都是在涡流腔2内实现粉料快速加热,在涡流腔2内壁上实现熔融反应,在涡流腔2下部的熔池或熔缸内进一步完成熔液熔融反应均化分层等,最后从出料口8排出烧成熔液物料。本实施例作为焚烧炉使用时可实现低温燃烧,可处理各种有机废气等,蓄热能力更好,可更好地实现低温燃烧,可彻底淘汰RTO焚烧炉等,燃烧后的废气可进换热器热交换加热进气,可更好地提高热能利用。在涡流腔2内壁设置催化剂层14时可实现催化燃烧。焚烧有机垃圾、块煤、木块等固体燃料时也可在涡流腔2内对应燃烧物料供应装置15设置燃烧平台,固体燃料等沿涡流腔2横截面切向用推板推入到燃烧平台上,在燃烧平台上实现快速燃烧,新的固体燃料间歇推入,可使燃料实现翻滚,可更好的燃尽,定期用下部设置抢刀的推板将燃烧平台上沉积的灰渣抢起推入涡流腔2即可完成燃烧平台清理;燃烧平台也可采用水冷壁,可用金属材料制造燃烧平台,可简化制造工艺。也可在燃烧物料供应装置15外部根据工况条件设置任意形式的燃烧室,使物料在燃烧室内实现初级燃烧,涡流腔2内实现二级燃烧,可更好的提高燃烧效果,燃烧室可根据工况要求采用链条炉排、机械炉排、流化床、炉篦、滚筒、气化燃烧室等任意结构。也可在涡流腔2内壁上设置多个隔板状凸起物,可增加物料在涡流腔 2内壁上的滞留时间,可提高燃尽率或烧成率。为提高燃烧效果,可在燃烧物料供应装置15下部的涡流腔2增设辅助涡流腔进口3,进气管道9沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口3,可更好地调节燃气比,可提高涡流腔2内的涡流旋转和燃烧效果。
本旋流器实施例之八的结构是:在以上结构基础上,壳体1上对应靠近涡流腔进口3端的涡流腔2设置燃烧供应装置18,涡流腔2内壁上设置采热装置16。可以在壳体1上对应靠近涡流腔进口3端的涡流腔2设置一个或多个燃烧供应装置18,燃烧供应装置18可根据需要供给各种燃料,壳体1上对应靠近涡流腔进口3端的涡流腔2设置燃烧供应装置18可以使该区域形成燃烧区,固体燃料可采用搅笼、卸料器等,液体、气体燃料可采用喷嘴等。燃烧供应装置18也可以设置在进流管道9内或涡流腔进口3处,可通过燃烧供应装置18向涡流腔2内均匀送入各种燃料。可在涡流腔2内壁上设置测温装置,测温装置可采用热电偶、温控仪表等装置,测温装置可通过温控仪表控制燃烧供应装置18,当炉内温度达到设定温度上限时,自动断开燃料供给电源,当炉内温度达到设定温度下限时,自动接通燃料供给电源即可。涡流腔2可设置保温层,内壁可设置耐火耐磨材料层,可在涡旋整流体6内设置出流管道腔11,出流管道腔11内壁设置保温材料、外壁设置耐火材料、出流管道腔11下部支撑在涡流腔2底部即可。涡流腔2内壁上设置采热装置16,可在涡流腔2内壁上设置采热管或采热箱等作为采热装置16,可采用水、油或气体等作为采热介质。采热装置16可以贴近涡流腔2内壁设置,采热装置16采用采热管时,采热管可以与涡流腔2内壁之间留有一定间隙,可更好地提高采热效率。采热管也可以沿涡流腔2内壁环绕设置。采热装置16可采用现有的任意一种锅炉所采用的采热管装置,可根据需要实现各种压力的锅炉。
本实施例可作为多种锅炉设备使用,可采用煤粉、油、气、水煤浆、有机垃圾、有机废气等任意燃料,可在涡流腔2内壁上设置耐火保温层。涡流腔2中轴线可以竖置安装,可使燃料在涡流腔2内实现均匀的涡流燃烧,可利用涡流燃烧使燃料充分燃烧,特别是燃煤时,可使煤粉在不断燃烧的同时被不断的剥离燃烧充分。不管使用什么燃料,精准供给燃料,调整好风量时,均可使燃烧区温度保持稳定均匀,可精准控制炉温,可实现低温燃烧,可减少氮氧化物产生。燃煤时同步加入碳酸钙石粉可实现炉内干法脱硫,炉内温度均匀,涡流促进反应,可实现干法充分脱硫;喷入氨水或尿素等可实现SNCR脱硝。涡流腔2形成的涡流可以促进采热装置16表面的气流运动速度,可大幅提高采热效率,大大减少采热面积,大大降低造价。涡流运动使热气流在涡流腔2内的运动距离大大延长,可使热能充分传递,实现高效充分采热。燃烧后的灰分沿涡流腔2向下运动完成采热后进入锥底形集灰箱后从出料口8排出。烟气同步完成采热、除尘等从涡流腔出口4排出。
本实施例是一个高效锅炉,可大幅提高燃尽率,大大降低一氧化碳、硫、硝、粉尘排放,可同步完成除尘、脱硫、脱硝,同时实现热能充分利用。本实施例燃烧供应装置18的燃烧物料供给方法与实施例之七基本相同即可。
本旋流器实施例之九的结构是:在以上所有结构基础上,壳体1上对应涡流腔2设置喷液装置17。壳体1上对应涡流腔2设置喷液装置17,可在涡流腔2上部内壁或外周内壁或进流管道9上根据需要任意设置喷液装置17,喷液装置17可采用喷头、喷嘴等,喷液装置17的附属设施包括泵、管道、流量控制阀、沉淀池或水箱等装置,可通过喷头、喷嘴等喷液装置17向涡流腔2内喷入水或碱水等液体;喷液装置17也可沿涡流腔2横截面切线方向顺着涡流旋转方向喷入水液,涡流旋转可以使涡流腔2内壁上的水液跟着旋转,使分离物进入水液中随水液一同排出。本实施例在定子涡旋整流体6内设管道腔输出流体,管道腔进口端连通涡流腔出口4时,用于烟气脱硫除尘时,也可在壳体1上对应涡流腔2下部中轴区域设置喷液装置17喷入蒸发补充的清水,可在该区域形成烟气二级净化,烟气旋转进入出流管道腔11后可将水雾脱除,可进一步提高烟气除尘净化效果。也可在涡流腔2下部设置集液室可更好地缓冲烟气运动,更好地使水雾沉降收集排出,可提高烟气净化效果。本实施例在实施例之六的结构基础上设置时,可在靠近涡流腔进口3段的涡流腔2内壁设置环绕分隔体13实现干式除尘,在环绕分隔体13下方的涡流腔2内壁上设置喷液装置17,利用靠近涡流腔出口4段的涡流腔2实现湿式除尘、脱硫、脱氨等更高级别的烟气净化。
本实施例涡流腔2轴线横置、斜置、竖置安装使用均可,通常竖置安装使用效果较好,可用于除尘、脱硫、脱硝、脱氨等烟气净化领域,可取代现有的脱硫塔、湿电、脱硝设备等,也可利用现有的脱硫塔改造成旋流器。可广泛用于各种窑炉、锅炉、焚烧炉、车船等所有尾气处理领域,可用于所有处理烟气的领域。石灰石石膏法脱硫时,也可在涡流腔2下部设置水池,可实现水液的涡流腔内循环,可简化结构。用于脱硝时,也可在烟道上喷入氧化剂等,可以将一氧化氮氧化成多氧化氮,水中加入纯碱、火碱、石灰或碳酸钙等吸收反应即可。本实施例用水量少,水泵能耗大大减少,可取代多种喷淋塔。本实施例用于化工除异味时,可更好地收集异味成份,也可将异味成份与酸碱等反应掉,可更好地清除异味。本实施例可湿法除尘,可更高效除尘、除有害物质,可使烟气更加环保。
工作原理:本旋流器充分利用运动惯性,利用涡流,利用运动的流体具有的能量,流体在本旋流器内实现分离、反应。工作时,流体在涡流腔2内形成涡流,涡流使流体内各个粒子的运动速度不同,使流体内各个粒子形成一个个独立运动个体,可更好地利用离心力将不同比重的粒子分开,利用涡流内产生的离心力实现流体内不同比重物质的分离、分选。 涡流沿轴向螺旋前进,不同比重的独立运动个体向涡流外围的运动速度不同,比重较大的粒子或颗粒物更容易、更快的运动到涡流腔2内壁上,涡流腔2内壁上形成一个向涡流腔出口4端螺旋运动的涡流,比重较大的分离物随涡流向涡流腔2外围运动,比重较轻的分离物向涡流腔2中心的涡流腔出口4运动,最终实现不同比重的分离物的分离。流体在轴向运动过程中,受到流体运动、离心力以及重力等共同影响实现各种分离物的分离。不同比重的多种分离物分别运动到涡流腔2的不同轴向区域,分别通过轴向不同的出料口8排出,最终实现对流体的分离、分选或污染物等的脱除,流体在轴向运动过程中被逐渐分离。用于烟气净化时,可以使烟气与水液充分快速接触,使烟气中的污染物充分进入水液中,洁净尾气从涡流腔出口4排出。利用涡流促进化学反应,实现脱硫、脱硝,实现烟气彻底净化,可以利用涡流腔2内壁上设置催化剂进一步促进多种化学反应,利用分离可实现选矿等。利用涡流实现涡流燃烧,利用离心力实现燃料分选,可使颗粒较大的燃料始终处在燃烧区燃烧,使燃尽的灰分随气流离开燃烧区,可使燃料在涡流腔2内实现均匀的涡流燃烧,可利用涡流燃烧使燃料充分燃烧,燃烧固体燃料时,可使燃料在不断燃烧的同时被不断剥离粉磨燃烧充分,可实现锅炉、燃烧器等的炉内除尘、脱硫、脱硝,可使排放更加环保。涡流使燃料燃烧充分,利用旋转离心力使物料在窑壁上形成熔融反应,实现粉体物料直接参与碳热还原反应,使炼铁不用焦炭,不用球团烧结。悬浮煅烧实现粉体物料在涡流内快速翻滚,加快热传递,实现快速煅烧,实现小窑炉高产能,大幅降低能耗,同时避免粉体快速脱离高温带,使粉体煅烧均匀,大幅提高产品质量,也使玻璃熔炉等熔炉烟气含尘量大幅降低。涡流加快采热管表面流体运动速度,实现快速传热,降低采热面积,降低锅炉体积和造价。旋流器最终将大部分粉尘与烟气实现分离,降低了烟气含尘量。
本发明的技术方案并不限制于本发明所述的实施例的范围内。本发明未详尽描述的技术内容均为公知技术。
Claims (10)
- 旋流器,包括壳体(1),其特征在于:壳体(1)内设涡流腔(2),涡流腔(2)横截面为圆形,涡流腔(2)一端设置涡流腔进口(3),涡流腔(2)另一端轴心区域设置圆形涡流腔出口(4),涡流腔出口(4)口径小于涡流腔(2)最大内径,涡流腔出口(4)端的涡流腔(2)内设置流体运动缓冲室(19),壳体(1)上设置促使流体在涡流腔(2)内旋转的旋流装置(5),壳体(1)上设置贯穿涡流腔(2)轴心区域的横截面为圆型的定子涡旋整流体(6),环绕定子涡旋整流体(6)外壁至少设置一道环绕挡圈(7),涡流腔(2)至少设置一个出料口(8)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的旋流器,其特征在于:涡流腔(2)一端侧壁设置涡流腔进口(3),进流管道(9)沿涡流腔(2)横截面切线方向连通涡流腔进口(3)形成流道作为旋流装置(5)。
- 根据权利要求2所述的旋流器,其特征在于:进流管道(9)内设流道流速调节板(10),流道流速调节板(10)的转轴与涡流腔(2)的中心轴线平行设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的旋流器,其特征在于:涡流腔(2)中轴线竖置安装,涡旋整流体(6)内设置出流管道腔(11),出流管道腔(11)进口端连通涡流腔出口(4),涡流腔(2)下部设置成内径向下逐渐缩小的锥筒体腔,涡流腔(2)底部设置出料口(8),贯穿涡流腔出口(4)到出料口(8)之间的涡流腔(2)中心轴线设置圆柱体(14),圆柱体(14)外壁轴向设置多道环绕挡流圈(21)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的旋流器,其特征在于:涡旋整流体(6)内设置出流管道腔(11),出流管道腔(11)进口端连通涡流腔出口(4),在涡流腔(2)内对应涡流腔出口(4)设置挡流装置(20)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的旋流器,其特征在于:涡流腔(2)内至少设置一层与涡流腔(2)横截面呈倾斜角度的多个放射状排列的导叶(12),导叶(12)之间形成与涡流腔(2)横截面呈倾斜角度的流道作为旋流装置(5)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的涡筒,其特征在于:涡流腔(2)外围内壁上至少设置一道环绕分隔体(13),涡流腔(2)对应环绕分隔体(13)至少设置一个出料口(8)。
- 根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7任一项所述的旋流器,其特征在于:壳体(1)上对应靠近涡流腔进口(3)端的涡流腔(2)设置燃烧物料供应装置(15)。
- 根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7任一项所述的旋流器,其特征在于:壳体(1)上对应靠近涡流腔进口(3)端的涡流腔(2)设置燃烧供应装置(18),涡流腔(2)内壁上设置采热装置(16)。
- 根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7任一项所述的旋流器,其特征在于:壳体(1)上对应涡流腔(2)设置喷液装置(17)。
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011158990.3 | 2020-10-26 | ||
CN202011158990 | 2020-10-26 | ||
CN202011211830 | 2020-11-03 | ||
CN202011211830.0 | 2020-11-03 | ||
CN202011235246.9 | 2020-11-08 | ||
CN202011235246 | 2020-11-08 | ||
CN202011350185.0 | 2020-11-26 | ||
CN202011350185 | 2020-11-26 | ||
CN202011366134.7 | 2020-11-29 | ||
CN202011366134 | 2020-11-29 | ||
CN202011509738 | 2020-12-19 | ||
CN202011509738.2 | 2020-12-19 | ||
CN202110193148.1A CN116786285A (zh) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-20 | 旋流器 |
CN202110193148.1 | 2021-02-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022089323A1 true WO2022089323A1 (zh) | 2022-05-05 |
Family
ID=81383333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2021/125730 WO2022089323A1 (zh) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-22 | 旋流器 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2022089323A1 (zh) |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB773414A (en) * | 1955-01-13 | 1957-04-24 | Harold Eric Baliol Scott | Improvements in vortex separators |
US6827862B1 (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 2004-12-07 | Alexander Brockhoff | Method and device for removing gas from gas containing blood |
US7001448B1 (en) * | 2001-06-13 | 2006-02-21 | National Tank Company | System employing a vortex finder tube for separating a liquid component from a gas stream |
CN101983779A (zh) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-03-09 | 东北石油大学 | 同向出流倒锥式高效旋流分离器 |
CN103331218A (zh) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-10-02 | 华东理工大学 | 一种抑制短路减少反混的新型结构水力旋流器 |
CN106269316A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽纽亚达科技有限责任公司 | 分离矿用旋流器 |
CN205926062U (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-08 | 安徽纽亚达科技有限责任公司 | 分离矿用旋流器 |
CN108311300A (zh) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 北京石油化工学院 | 一种具有脱气功能的油水旋流分离器 |
WO2020112215A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | Vortex Pipe Systems LLC | Material flow amplifier |
CN111467991A (zh) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-07-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种被动式多流体混合器 |
CN211246989U (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-08-14 | 广东吉康环境系统科技有限公司 | 一种旋风式除尘降温装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-10-22 WO PCT/CN2021/125730 patent/WO2022089323A1/zh active Application Filing
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB773414A (en) * | 1955-01-13 | 1957-04-24 | Harold Eric Baliol Scott | Improvements in vortex separators |
US6827862B1 (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 2004-12-07 | Alexander Brockhoff | Method and device for removing gas from gas containing blood |
US7001448B1 (en) * | 2001-06-13 | 2006-02-21 | National Tank Company | System employing a vortex finder tube for separating a liquid component from a gas stream |
CN101983779A (zh) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-03-09 | 东北石油大学 | 同向出流倒锥式高效旋流分离器 |
CN103331218A (zh) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-10-02 | 华东理工大学 | 一种抑制短路减少反混的新型结构水力旋流器 |
CN106269316A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽纽亚达科技有限责任公司 | 分离矿用旋流器 |
CN205926062U (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-08 | 安徽纽亚达科技有限责任公司 | 分离矿用旋流器 |
CN108311300A (zh) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 北京石油化工学院 | 一种具有脱气功能的油水旋流分离器 |
WO2020112215A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | Vortex Pipe Systems LLC | Material flow amplifier |
CN211246989U (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-08-14 | 广东吉康环境系统科技有限公司 | 一种旋风式除尘降温装置 |
CN111467991A (zh) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-07-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种被动式多流体混合器 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2018082489A1 (zh) | 分离反应粉磨机 | |
CN103058536B (zh) | 蓄热式间壁加热回转窑装置 | |
CN106247810A (zh) | 一种烟气回流双筒回转窑 | |
CN104745209A (zh) | 一种煤热解制气、炼油、半焦高温旋流再燃燃烧集成工艺方法及装置 | |
CN106610230A (zh) | 一种烧结烟气减量和余热综合利用方法和装置 | |
WO2022098262A1 (ru) | Установка для каталитического сжигания топлива в виде илового осадка сточных вод | |
WO2019015524A1 (zh) | 涡机 | |
KR20130011049A (ko) | 비산재 분리 및 2차 연소기능을 갖는 연속 연소장치 | |
CN104748508B (zh) | 一种煤泥干燥系统 | |
WO2022007740A1 (zh) | 旋流机 | |
WO2022089323A1 (zh) | 旋流器 | |
CN104774650B (zh) | 具有焦油降解功能的u型固定床气化-催化反应装置 | |
CN108686839B (zh) | 一种高效净化旋风分离器 | |
CN101556037A (zh) | 循环蓄热节能综合利用环保装置 | |
WO2020108432A1 (zh) | 涡机 | |
CN215723230U (zh) | 一种热等离子体炬垃圾焚烧处理系统 | |
CN116007356A (zh) | 一种防止钛精矿回转窑低温干燥板结的设备及方法 | |
CN116786285A (zh) | 旋流器 | |
CN212253668U (zh) | 一种处理工业废杂盐的焙烧炉 | |
CN204555552U (zh) | 一种煤泥干燥系统 | |
CN211069633U (zh) | 一种水泥窑燃烧废气的无害化处理装置 | |
CN209445378U (zh) | 一种高效污泥流化床焚烧炉 | |
CN210601627U (zh) | 一种生活垃圾热解炉 | |
CN206904980U (zh) | 一种新型垃圾焚烧系统 | |
CN106642092B (zh) | 中小型沸腾式快装有机载体加热炉 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21885050 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 21885050 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |