WO2022088885A1 - Expansion power generation system for compressed air energy storage power station - Google Patents

Expansion power generation system for compressed air energy storage power station Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022088885A1
WO2022088885A1 PCT/CN2021/114399 CN2021114399W WO2022088885A1 WO 2022088885 A1 WO2022088885 A1 WO 2022088885A1 CN 2021114399 W CN2021114399 W CN 2021114399W WO 2022088885 A1 WO2022088885 A1 WO 2022088885A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stage
air
expander
inter
reheater
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PCT/CN2021/114399
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王维萌
司派友
刘双白
左川
宋亚军
吴昕
任彦
Original Assignee
华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司
国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院
国家电网有限公司
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Publication of WO2022088885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022088885A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F01D25/20—Lubricating arrangements using lubrication pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/14—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having both steam accumulator and heater, e.g. superheating accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage power generation, and in particular, to an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station.
  • renewable energy represented by wind energy and solar energy due to the influence of natural environment factors, the energy input in the power generation process cannot achieve the same precise control as fossil energy, and has the characteristics of large load and frequency fluctuation and high instability, resulting in Large-scale abandonment of wind and generation of photovoltaics. Therefore, large-scale energy storage technology applied to the renewable energy power generation industry came into being. Among them, compressed air energy storage technology has the characteristics of long operating life, large energy storage capacity and strong environmental friendliness compared with other types of energy storage systems. more and more applications.
  • the working process of a power station based on compressed air energy storage technology is divided into two stages that are not carried out at the same time: the energy storage stage and the energy release stage.
  • the energy storage stage the multi-stage air compressor units operating under variable working conditions will generate compressed air of different pressure levels and store them in different levels of air storage chambers with the change of the input power of abandoned wind, light and low power energy.
  • the final cooler stores the heat energy generated by the air compressor unit through heat storage medium such as heat transfer oil or water; in the energy release stage, the compressed air stored in a certain air storage chamber in the energy storage stage enters the expansion power generation system.
  • the reheated air expansion generator set works to generate electricity.
  • an interstage reheater is arranged in front of each stage of the air expander.
  • the heat storage medium flowing in the interstage reheater is stored in the energy storage stage.
  • the heat of compression heats the inlet air of the air expanders at all stages.
  • the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set of the existing expansion power generation system adopts a series synchronous operation mode, so when the level of the air storage chamber changes due to the operation of the energy storage stage, the energy release stage enters the inter-stage reheating type.
  • the compressed air pressure level of the air expansion generator set also changes accordingly, which causes the air expanders at all levels to operate under variable working conditions and deviates from the rated working conditions for a long time, resulting in low operating efficiency of the air expanders at all levels, reducing the unit, system and the whole.
  • the operating efficiency of the compressed air energy storage power station more seriously, when the pressure level of the compressed air entering the unit during the energy release stage is low, the unit is in a low load condition.
  • the blowing friction effect is produced, resulting in the rapid heating of the last stage blades and the cylinder body, and even damage to the unit equipment, resulting in extremely serious consequences.
  • the present application provides an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, which can effectively improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station, and can effectively improve the expansion power generation system. At the same time, it can effectively improve the operation safety and stability of each related equipment.
  • the present application provides an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, comprising: a plurality of inter-stage reheated air expansion generating units, and for performing high temperature on each of the inter-stage reheated air expansion generating units Heat storage medium subsystem for heat storage and low temperature heat storage;
  • Each of the inter-stage reheated air expansion generator sets includes: an air expander and a group of reheated air storage components connected to the air expander; each of the air expanders is controllably connected in series, each group The reheat gas storage components are connected in parallel;
  • Each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes: an inter-stage reheater and an air storage chamber sequentially connected to the corresponding air expander; Each air compressor in the station is connected one-to-one, and each of the inter-stage reheaters is respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem.
  • the expansion power generation system includes: a plurality of inter-stage reheating air expansion generating units, and A heat storage medium subsystem for high-temperature heat storage and low-temperature heat storage for the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set; each of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets includes: an air expander and an air expander connected to the air expander.
  • each of the air expanders is controllably connected in series, and each group of the reheated air storage assemblies is connected in parallel; each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes: An inter-stage reheater and an air storage chamber are connected in sequence; each of the air storage chambers is respectively connected to each air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage one-to-one.
  • the reheaters are respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystems, and on the basis of ensuring the operation efficiency of the entire compressed air energy storage power station by setting up the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set and the heat storage medium subsystem, through each
  • the air expanders are connected in a controllable series, and each group of the reheated air storage assemblies is connected in parallel, and each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes an inter-stage reheater sequentially connected to the corresponding air expander connected with an air storage chamber; each of the air storage chambers is respectively connected with each air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage, and each of the inter-stage reheaters is respectively connected to the
  • the setting of the heat storage medium subsystem can realize that when the level of the air storage chamber changes due to the change of working conditions in the energy storage stage, the air expanders at all levels of the interstage reheated air expansion generator set of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage are at rated value.
  • Stable operation near the operating point can effectively improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station; it can effectively improve the expansion power generation efficiency, thereby effectively improving the operation efficiency of the entire compressed air energy storage power station. While the operation efficiency of the system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station, it can effectively improve the operation safety and stability of each related equipment, which can ensure the safe and stable operation of each related equipment; and can effectively improve the expansion and power generation process of the compressed air energy storage power station. Operational reliability, which can effectively improve the operational reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 01-Interstage reheating air expansion generator set 011-Air expander; 012-Interstage reheater; 013-Air storage chamber; 02-Heat storage medium subsystem 02; 03-Compressed air energy storage power station; 031 -Air compressor; 1 ⁇ First-stage air expander; 2 ⁇ Second-stage air expander; 3 ⁇ Third-stage air expander; 4 ⁇ Fourth-stage air expander; 5 ⁇ Gearbox reducer; 6 ⁇ Generator; 7 ⁇ first clutch; 8 ⁇ second clutch; 9 ⁇ third clutch; 10 ⁇ first stage interstage reheater; 11 ⁇ second stage interstage reheater; 12 ⁇ third stage interstage Reheater; 13 ⁇ Fourth-stage interstage reheater; 14 ⁇ First-stage gas storage room; 15 ⁇ Second-stage gas storage room; 16 ⁇ Third-stage gas storage room; ;18 ⁇ lubricating oil tank; 19 ⁇ first AC lubricating oil pump; 20 ⁇ second AC lubricating oil pump; 21 ⁇ DC accident oil pump; 22 ⁇ fuel tank electric heater; 23 ⁇
  • High temperature heat storage medium pump 32 ⁇ high temperature heat storage medium tank; 33 ⁇ low temperature heat storage medium tank; 34 ⁇ conventional nitrogen production system; 35 ⁇ the first conventional nitrogen sealing device; 36 ⁇ the second conventional nitrogen sealing device; The first-stage air compressor; 38-the second-stage air compressor; 39-the third-stage air compressor; 40-the fourth-stage air compressor;
  • S1 ⁇ rotor speed of generator S2 ⁇ rotor speed of first-stage air expander; S3 ⁇ rotor speed of second-stage air expander; S4 ⁇ rotor speed of third-stage air expander; S5 ⁇ rotor speed of fourth-stage air expander ;
  • the energy storage stage the multi-stage air compressor unit operating under variable working conditions will generate compressed air of different pressure levels and store it in different levels of air storage chambers with the change of the input power of abandoned wind, light and low energy.
  • the final cooler stores the heat energy generated by the air compressor unit through heat storage media such as heat transfer oil or water; in the energy release stage, the compressed air stored in a certain stage of the air storage chamber in the energy storage stage enters the expansion power generation system.
  • the reheated air expansion generator sets work to generate electricity.
  • an interstage reheater is arranged in front of each stage of the air expander.
  • the heat storage medium flowing in the interstage reheater is stored in the energy storage stage.
  • the heat of compression heats the inlet air of the air expanders at all stages.
  • the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set of the existing expansion power generation system adopts the multi-stage air expander series synchronous operation mode.
  • the compressed air pressure level of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set also changes accordingly, which causes the air expanders at all levels to operate under variable working conditions and deviates from the rated working conditions for a long time, resulting in low operating efficiency of the air expanders at all levels, reducing the operating efficiency of the air expanders.
  • the operating efficiency of the unit, the system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station more seriously, when the pressure level of the compressed air entering the unit during the energy release stage is low, the unit is in a low load condition.
  • the flow rate is low, and it is easy to produce the blowing friction effect, which leads to the rapid heating of the last stage blades and the cylinder body, and even causes damage to the unit equipment, resulting in extremely serious consequences.
  • the existing expansion power generation system cannot realize automatic start-up and automatic shutdown under the state of full stop in the energy release stage. Further, during the startup or shutdown process of the existing expansion power generation system in the energy release stage, if the operation reaches a certain step, but the execution conditions of the step are still not satisfied, the startup or shutdown process cannot continue.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an expansion power generation system applied to the energy release stage of a compressed air energy storage power station, which can realize the expansion in the energy release stage when the level of the gas storage chamber changes due to the operation of the energy storage stage.
  • the interstage reheating air expansion generator set of the power generation system The air expanders at all levels operate stably near the rated operating point, which not only improves the operating efficiency of the unit, the system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station, but also ensures the safety of all related equipment. Stable operation. Further, it can realize the automatic start of the expansion power generation system in the full stop state and the automatic shutdown under the running state during the energy release stage. If the execution conditions of the program are not satisfied, the system startup or shutdown process can still be continued.
  • SSS Synchro-self-shifting clutches
  • the clutch is a purely mechanical device. When the rotational speed of the rotor on the input side tends to exceed that on the output side When the clutch is engaged, the output side is driven; when the rotor speed on the input side tends to decrease relative to the output side, a reverse torque is generated and the clutch is disengaged.
  • the rotor of the air expander with high pressure level is connected to the output end of the clutch, and the rotor of the air expander with low pressure level is connected to the input end of the clutch, so as to realize the disengagement of the two rotors and the mesh.
  • the clutch is also equipped with locking and unlocking buttons, which cannot be disengaged and engaged in the locked state.
  • the expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station specifically includes the following contents:
  • the system 02 is respectively connected to each of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets 01; each of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets 01 includes an air expander 011 and a A group of reheat air storage assemblies, each of the air expanders 011 are controllably connected in series, and each group of the reheat air storage assemblies is connected in parallel; each of the reheat air storage assemblies includes a corresponding air expansion unit.
  • An inter-stage reheater 012 connected in sequence with the machine 011 is connected to an air storage chamber 013; each of the air storage chambers 013 is one-to-one with each air compressor 031 in the compressed air energy storage power station 03 in the energy storage stage. connected, and each of the inter-stage reheaters 012 is respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem.
  • the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station ensures the power generation of the entire compressed air energy storage power station by arranging the interstage reheating air expansion generator set and the heat storage medium subsystem.
  • each group of the reheated gas storage components is connected in parallel, and each of the reheated gas storage components includes a corresponding air expander.
  • An inter-stage reheater connected in sequence is connected with an air storage chamber; each of the air storage chambers is respectively connected with each air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage one-to-one, and each of the above-mentioned stages
  • the inter-stage reheat air expansion of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage can be realized when the inter-stage reheaters are respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem, which can realize the inter-stage reheat air expansion of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage when the operating condition changes in the energy storage stage and the level of the air storage chamber changes.
  • the air expanders at all levels of the generator set operate stably near the rated operating point, which can effectively improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station; it can effectively improve the expansion power generation efficiency, and thus can effectively improve the entire compressed air energy storage.
  • the operation efficiency of the power station while improving the operation efficiency of the unit, system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station, effectively improves the operation safety and stability of the related equipment, and can ensure the safe and stable operation of the related equipment; and can effectively improve the compression
  • the operation reliability of the expansion power generation process of the air energy storage power station can effectively improve the operation reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station.
  • the expansion power generation of the compressed air energy storage power station can be improved.
  • the air compressor 031 in the compressed air energy storage power station includes: a first-stage air compressor 37, a second-stage air compressor 38, a third-stage air compressor 39 and a fourth-stage air compressor 40 ;
  • the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set 01 includes: the first inter-stage reheating air expansion generating set, the second inter-stage reheating air expansion generating set, the third inter-stage reheating air expansion generating set An air expansion generator set and a fourth-stage reheated air expansion generator set;
  • the air expander 011 includes: a first-stage air expander 1, a second-stage air expander 2, a third-stage air expander 3, and a first-stage air expander 1 Four-stage air expander 4;
  • the inter-stage reheater 012 includes: a first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, a second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, a third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and a fourth stage Interstage reheater 13 ;
  • the first-stage reheating air expansion generator set includes: a first-stage air expander 1, which is connected via a first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 and a first-stage storage unit in sequence.
  • the air chamber 14 is connected to the first-stage air compressor 37;
  • the second-stage reheat air expansion generator set includes: a second-stage air expander 2, which is connected in sequence via The second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and the second-stage air storage chamber 15 are connected to the second-stage air compressor 38;
  • the third-stage reheat air expansion generator set includes: a third-stage air expansion
  • the third stage air expander 3 is connected to the third stage air compressor 39 via the third stage interstage reheater 12 and the third stage air storage chamber 16 connected in sequence;
  • the fourth stage The inter-reheat air expansion generator set includes: a fourth-stage air expander 4, which is connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 via the sequentially connected fourth-stage air expansion machine 4
  • the first-stage air expander 1 is connected to one end of a gearbox reducer 5 , and the other end of the gearbox reducer 5 is connected to a generator 5 .
  • the air compressor units in the energy storage stage of the compressed air energy storage power station include N-stage air compressors in total (N is a positive integer and N ⁇ 1)
  • the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator unit mainly includes Air expander (total N stages), gearbox reducer (1 set), generator (1 set), clutch (total N-first stage), inter-stage reheater (total N stage), air storage chamber ( A total of N grades), air storage chamber outlet regulating valve (total N grades), air expander inlet shut-off valve (total N grades), air expander inlet regulating valves (total N grades), air expander bypass regulating valves (total N grades) Class N), air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve (total N class), all levels of air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve (1), air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve (total N class), air storage Chamber inlet isolation valve (total N grades), air storage chamber outlet isolation valve (total N grades), air storage chamber supply air expander sealing air outlet isolation valve (total N grades),
  • the heat storage medium subsystem includes a first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30, a second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31, a high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and a low temperature storage medium.
  • the heat medium tank 33; the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 is respectively connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and The inlet side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13; the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is the backup medium pump of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30, and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is also separately Connected to the inlet side of the first-stage interstage reheater 10, the second-stage interstage reheater 11, the third-stage interstage reheater 12, and the fourth-stage interstage reheater 13; the high temperature
  • the heat storage medium tanks 32 are respectively connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 , the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 , the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 .
  • the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 is connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage interstage reheater 12, respectively The outlet side of the intermediate reheater 13.
  • the heat storage medium subsystem mainly includes high-temperature heat storage medium pumps (two sets, one for use and one for standby, the first and the second, and the motors of which are equipped with frequency converters), high-temperature heat storage medium tanks ( 1), low temperature heat storage medium tank (1), high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve (2, 1 per pump), high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve (2, 1 per pump), High temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve (1), high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve (1), interstage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve (total N stages), interstage reheat The inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater (a total of N grades), the outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater (a total of N grades), as well as various check valves, pipes, filters, thermal measuring points, etc.
  • high-temperature heat storage medium pumps two sets, one for use and one for standby, the first and the second, and the motors of
  • the electrical energy input to the compressed air energy storage power station during the energy storage phase will fluctuate greatly and frequently. Affected by this, the air compressor unit will also change accordingly during the energy storage phase. operating conditions. Therefore, according to the different compressed air storage pressure levels in the energy storage stage, the number of stages of the air expanders and interstage reheaters operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is also different.
  • the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage of the air compressor group includes N stages of the air compressors, and the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage may have the first to N stages, so it is The operating conditions of the expansion power generation system in the energy stage also correspond to the first to N stages, respectively.
  • the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the Wth stage (1 ⁇ W ⁇ N, W is a positive integer), that is, the air compressors in the first to W stages of the energy storage stage are running and the compressed air generated is all stored in the first stage.
  • the air expanders and the inter-stage reheaters in the first to W stages of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage work together, that is, the W-th stage operating condition (the higher the value of W, the higher the value of W). the higher the operating pressure of the air expander and the interstage reheater).
  • the W-th stage operating condition the higher the value of W, the higher the value of W. the higher the operating pressure of the air expander and the interstage reheater.
  • an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station
  • the expansion power generation system in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, Operational reliability of the third stage air expander 3, the fourth stage air expander 4, the first clutch 7, the second clutch 8, the third clutch 9 and the gearbox reducer 5, which are used in the compressed air energy storage power station
  • the expansion power generation system also includes: a conventional lubricating oil system; the conventional lubricating oil system is used to expand the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3, and the fourth-stage air expander
  • the engine 4 , the first clutch 7 , the second clutch 8 , the third clutch 9 and the gearbox reducer 5 provide lubricating and cooling oil.
  • the conventional lubricating oil system includes: a lubricating oil tank 18 , and a first alternating-current lubricating oil pump 19 and a second alternating-current lubricating oil pump 20 respectively disposed in the lubricating oil tank 18 , a DC accident oil pump 21 and an electric oil tank heater 22 for heating the lubricating oil tank 18; the first AC lubricating oil pump 19, the second AC lubricating oil pump 20 and the DC accident oil pump 21 are all connected to the first stage air expander 1. Second stage air expander 2, third stage air expander 3, fourth stage air expander 4, first clutch 7, second clutch 8, third clutch 9 and gearbox reducer 5.
  • the conventional lubricating oil system further includes: a lubricating oil purifying device 23 connected to the lubricating oil tank 18 and used for purifying the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 18, And, the first exhaust fume fan 24 and the second exhaust fume fan 25 are respectively connected with the lubricating oil tank 18;
  • the conventional lubricating oil system further includes: lubricating oil filters 26 connected with the lubricating oil tank 18, lubricating oil Oil cooler 27 and accumulator 28; the lubricating oil filter 26 is connected to the lubricating oil cooler 27, and the lubricating oil cooler 27 is respectively connected to the first stage air expansion via the lubricating oil pressure regulating valve V54 machine 1, second stage air expander 2, third stage air expander 3, fourth stage air expander 4, first clutch 7, second clutch 8, third clutch 9 and gearbox reducer 5; the The lubricating oil pressure regulating valve V54, the lubricating oil tank 18
  • the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station further includes: a conventional factory cooling water system 29; the conventional factory cooling water system 29 is The first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 are connected; the connecting pipe between the conventional plant cooling water system 29 and the first cooling water inlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27 There is a first lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V46 on it, and a first lubricating oil is provided on the connecting pipe between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the first cooling water outlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27 Cooling water outlet isolation valve V47; a second lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V48 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the second cooling water inlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27, A second lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valve V49 is provided on the connecting pipe between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the second cooling water outlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27 .
  • the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station further includes: a first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and a second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36; the The first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 is connected to the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32, and the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 is also connected to the first conventional nitrogen generating system 34, and the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 is connected with the A first conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V26 is provided between the first conventional nitrogen production system 34; the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36 is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33, and the second conventional nitrogen sealing device is sealed The device 36 is also connected to the second conventional nitrogen production system 34, and a second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V27 is provided between the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36 and the second conventional nitrogen production system 34; the The first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3, and the fourth-stage air expander 4 are respectively connected to the isolation air inlet isolation main valve of the air expander at each stage, and the The stage air expander isolation air inlet
  • a conventional lubricating oil system a conventional plant cooling water system, a conventional nitrogen production system, and a conventional nitrogen sealing device (one for each of the high and low temperature heat storage medium tanks, respectively the first and the second) are Various auxiliary working fluids that meet the parameter requirements can be provided for the expansion power generation system.
  • the conventional lubricating oil system can provide lubricating and cooling oil for the air expanders of the first to N stages, the clutches of the first to #N-1, and the gearbox reducer.
  • the conventional lubricating oil system mainly includes: Lubricating oil tank (1 set), AC lubricating oil pump (2 sets, one for use and one for standby, respectively the first and second), DC accident oil pump (1 set), fuel tank electric heater (1 set), lubricating oil purification device ( 1 set), fume exhaust fan (2 sets, one for use and one for standby, respectively the first and second), lubricating oil filter (1 set, double-connected switchable), lubricating oil cooler (1 set, double-connected) type switchable), accumulator (1 set), lubricating oil pressure regulating valve (1), lubricating oil temperature regulating valve (1), and various check valves, pipes, filters, thermal measuring points, etc.;
  • the conventional factory cooling water system can provide cooling water for the lubricating oil cooler and the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps, and the first and second cooling water inlet pipes are respectively arranged on the two cooling water inlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler.
  • Two lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valves, the first and second lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valves are respectively arranged on the two cooling water outlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler.
  • the cooling water inlet pipes of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps are respectively arranged with cooling water inlet isolation valves, and the cooling water outlet pipes of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps are respectively arranged with first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps.
  • the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve; the conventional nitrogen production system can provide a stable inflation gas source for the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing devices, and also provide stable isolation for the air expanders of the first to N stages
  • the air source is used to isolate air and lubricating oil; the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing devices can not only meet the operating pressure requirements of the high and low temperature heat storage medium tanks, but also isolate the heat storage medium from the air to improve the heat storage medium.
  • the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet pipes are respectively arranged with the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valves, wherein the clutches mentioned in the embodiments of this application can all use SSS clutches.
  • the first-stage air compressor 37 is connected to the first-stage air storage chamber 14 via the first-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V56; the first-stage air storage chamber 14 is connected via the first-stage air storage chamber The first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60 and the first-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V1 are connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10; the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 is connected via the first-stage inter-stage reheater The first stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2 and the first stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 are connected to the first stage air expander 1; the first stage interstage reheater 10 is also connected via the first stage The heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V35 of the inter-stage reheat
  • the second-stage air compressor 38 is connected to the second-stage air storage chamber 15 via the second-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V57;
  • the first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V61 and the second-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5 are connected to the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11;
  • the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 is connected via a second
  • the first stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V6 and the second stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 are connected to the second stage air expander 2;
  • the second stage interstage reheater 11 is also connected via the second stage
  • the heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38 of the inter-stage reheater and the second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V37 are connected
  • a muffler is connected, and a second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8 is provided between the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and the second-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V6.
  • the expander bypass regulating valve V8 is connected to the corresponding muffler of the second-stage air expander 2 .
  • the third-stage air compressor 39 is connected to the third-stage air storage chamber 16 via the third-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V58;
  • the first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V62 and the third-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 are connected to the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12;
  • the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 is connected via a third The stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10 and the third stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 are connected to the third stage air expander 3;
  • the fourth-stage air compressor 40 is connected to the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 via the fourth-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V59; the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 is connected via the fourth-stage air storage chamber.
  • the first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13 are connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13; the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 is connected via the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater
  • the stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14 and the fourth stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15 are connected to the fourth stage air expander 4; the fourth stage interstage reheater 13 is also connected via the fourth stage
  • the heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V44 of the inter-stage reheater and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V43 are connected to the heat storage medium subsystem; the fourth-stage air expander 4 is connected to the A muffler is connected, and a fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16 is provided between the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 and the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14.
  • the expander bypass regulating valve V16 is connected to
  • the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station further comprises: a first-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22, a second air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22, a second air expansion isolation valve, which are respectively connected in parallel with the air expander isolation air inlet isolation master valves at all levels.
  • the first-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22 is connected to the pipeline between the first clutch 7 and the first stage air expander 1;
  • the second stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V23 is connected to the first clutch 7 and the first stage air expander 1
  • the isolation air inlet isolation valve V24 of the third stage air expander is connected to the pipeline between the third clutch 9 and the third stage air expander 3;
  • the The fourth stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V25 is connected to the pipe between the third clutch 9 and the fourth stage air expander 4 .
  • the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station also includes: a first-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V17, a second-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V18, a third-stage air Expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 and fourth stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V20; the first stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V17 is connected to the first clutch 7 and the first stage The pipeline between the air expander 1; the second stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V18 is connected to the pipeline between the first clutch 7 and the second stage air expander 2; the third stage air expander The stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 is connected to the pipeline between the third clutch 9 and the third stage air expander 3; the fourth stage air
  • the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station also includes: the air outlet isolation valve V64 for the air-supply expander in the first-stage air storage chamber, and the sealing air outlet for the air-supplying expander in the second-stage air storage chamber.
  • Isolation valve V65 isolation valve V66 for sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine in the third stage air storage chamber and isolation valve V67 for the sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine in the fourth stage air storage chamber;
  • the first stage air storage chamber supplies air expansion machine
  • the sealing air outlet isolation valve V64 is connected to the first-stage air storage chamber 14;
  • the second-stage air storage chamber supplies air to the expander sealed air outlet isolation valve V65 is connected to the second-stage air storage chamber 15;
  • the isolation valve V66 of the sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine of the third-stage air storage chamber is connected to the third-stage air storage chamber 16;
  • the fourth-stage gas storage chamber 17 is connected.
  • the inter-stage reheater 10 is connected; the heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V39 of the second-stage inter-stage reheater is connected with the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11; the third-stage inter-stage reheater
  • the heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V42 is connected to the third-stage inter-stage inter-stage
  • a first high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V28 is provided between the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32, and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump V28.
  • a second high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V30 is provided between the heat medium pump 31 and the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 ; the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 passes through the first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29 is connected to the inlet side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13, respectively;
  • the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is respectively connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 , the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 , and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 11 via the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V31
  • the inlet side of the inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13; a high-temperature heat storage medium is sequentially connected between the high-temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29 Pump re
  • the air storage chamber of the Wth stage is used to store the high-pressure air discharged from the outlet of the air compressor of the Wth stage; Under the operating condition of the Wth stage in the energy stage, the air storage chamber of the Wth stage provides the air expanders of the first to W stages with high-pressure air for power generation.
  • the inlet pipeline of the air storage chamber of the W-th stage led from the outlet pipeline of the air compressor of the W-th stage is sequentially arranged with the inlet isolation valve, the filter screen and the check valve of the air-storage chamber of the W-th stage.
  • the air storage chamber inlet isolation valve can isolate the air storage chamber from the air compressor in the energy storage stage to prevent the operation of the air compressor from affecting the air storage chamber
  • the filter screen is used to remove the high pressure at the outlet of the air compressor.
  • the check valve can prevent the high-pressure air in the air storage chamber from flowing backwards into the air compressor.
  • the outlet isolation valve of the air storage chamber at the W stage is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air storage chamber at the W stage, and closing the outlet isolation valve of the air storage chamber at the W stage can stop the air storage chamber at the W stage.
  • the W-th plenum outlet regulating valve is arranged downstream of the W-th plenum outlet isolation valve, and the W-th plenum outlet regulating valve is used to regulate the W-th inter-stage reheater outlet air pressure.
  • the inter-stage reheater of the Wth stage is a surface heat exchanger, and the interior is composed of an air side (heating) and a heat storage medium side (cooling), and the air side is arranged downstream of the air storage chamber outlet regulating valve of the Wth stage , A filter screen is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air side to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air.
  • the downstream of the filter screen is divided into two paths, one is the inlet pipe of the air expander, and the inlet pipe of the air expander of the W-th grade is sequentially arranged with the air-expander inlet cut-off valve of the W-th grade, and the air-expander of the W-th grade.
  • the air expander inlet regulating valve is the inlet pipe of the air expander.
  • the shut-off valve and regulating valve at the inlet of the air expander of the W-th stage can be quickly and fully closed to stop the air-expander of the W-th stage and continue to enter the air to prevent the rotor from idling normally; run in the first stage Under the working conditions, the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve is fully open, and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve is used to adjust the first-stage air expander rotor speed and load lift; (1 ⁇ Y ⁇ N, Y is a positive integer) under the operating conditions of the stage Y At the same time, the air expander inlet shut-off valve of the 1st to Y-first stage and the air expander inlet regulating valve of the 1st to Y-first stage are fully opened. .
  • the other path downstream of the filter screen is the bypass pipeline of the air expander.
  • the bypass pipeline of the air expander of the Wth stage is sequentially arranged with the bypass valve, check valve and muffler of the air expander of the Wth stage. .
  • the air-expander bypass valve of the first-stage is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the air-expander of the first-stage
  • the air-expander bypass regulating valve of the Y-th stage is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the Y-th stage of the air expander before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set starts.
  • the air expander bypass regulating valve of the first to Y-first stage is fully closed, and the air expander bypass regulating valve of the W-th stage is quickly fully opened during the accident or normal shutdown stage.
  • the air pressure in front of the air expander is quickly released to prevent the air expander inlet shut-off valve and regulating valve of the W-th stage from being less tight and affecting the shutdown of the unit; the check valve can prevent the backflow of the outside atmosphere; the outlet is connected to the outside atmosphere.
  • the muffler is used to mitigate the exhaust noise of the bypass duct.
  • a check valve is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air expander in the W-th stage, which can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backward into the air expander.
  • the air expander is provided with a sealed air duct, and the sealed air duct is divided into a sealed air duct and a self-sealed duct of the air storage chamber according to different air sources.
  • the sealed air source is provided by the air storage chamber; as the unit starts up, the pressure of the self-sealing air source gradually becomes normal, and the sealed air source is provided by the The plenum is provided with a gradual transition to self-sealing.
  • the air supply and sealing duct of the air storage chamber is composed of N outgoing pipes of the air storage chamber and N air-tight air distribution pipes of the air expander.
  • the air outlet isolation valve of the air supply expansion machine in the air storage chamber of the first stage is sealed, and the outlet pipes of the N air storage chambers are merged and distributed to the air expanders of the first to N stages through the filter screen, and the expansion power generation system is started. Or during outage, under the W-th operating condition, fully open the air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve of the W-th air storage chamber, and fully close the sealing air outlet isolation valve of the other air storage chamber air supply expansion machines.
  • the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing back into the air storage chamber, and the filter screen is used to remove the impurities contained in the high-pressure air; the air expander of the W stage
  • the sealing air distribution pipeline is arranged with the air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve, pressure reducing valve and check valve in order.
  • the air expander is supplied with sealing air from the air storage chamber, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the air pressure of the sealing air from the air storage chamber to the first preset pressure to meet the requirements of the W-th stage of the air expander.
  • the check valve can prevent the back flow of downstream gas.
  • the W-level self-sealing pipeline is led out from the downstream pipeline of the air storage chamber outlet regulating valve in the W-level.
  • the W-level self-sealing pipeline is sequentially arranged with a filter screen, a pressure reducing valve, and a check valve.
  • the W-level air The outlet of the sealing air distribution pipe of the expander and the outlet of the self-sealing pipe of the W-th grade are merged into the air expander of the W-th grade.
  • the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air
  • the pressure reducing valve is used to
  • the air pressure of the sealing air after being throttled by the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber is reduced to the second preset pressure to meet the self-sealing requirement of the W-th air expander in the high load stage (in one embodiment, the first preset pressure
  • the specific values of the pressure and the second preset pressure are determined by the level of the air expander, and the second preset pressure of the air expander in the W-th stage is slightly higher than the first preset pressure, so that the sealing air source can follow the first preset pressure.
  • the rise of the air pressure downstream of the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber of the W level is automatically switched from the air storage chamber to self-sealing), and the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backward.
  • the air expander of the W-th stage is provided with an isolation air main pipeline and N branch pipelines.
  • the isolation air main pipeline is sequentially arranged with the isolation air inlet isolation valve, filter screen and pressure reducing valve of the air expander at all levels. Closing the isolation main valve at the isolation air inlet of the air expanders at all levels can cut off the supply of isolation air from the conventional nitrogen making system, the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in nitrogen, and the pressure reducing valve is used to remove the isolation air from the conventional nitrogen making system
  • the pressure is reduced to the third preset pressure; the isolation air separation pipe of the air expander of the W-th grade is sequentially arranged with the isolation air inlet isolation valve and the check valve of the air-expander of the W-th grade, and the W-th grade is fully closed.
  • the air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve can cut off the supply of the isolation air to the W-th air expander, and the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backwards.
  • the rotors of the air expanders in the first to N stages have the same rotational speed and are arranged coaxially, the gearbox reducer is connected to the generator through a coupling, and the rated rotational speed of the rotor of the air expander is finally passed through the gears
  • the high temperature heat storage medium tank is used to store the high temperature heat storage medium after absorbing compression heat in the energy storage stage for use in the energy release stage, and the tank body is respectively connected to the first and second heat storage medium.
  • the inlet pipes of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump are connected, and at the same time, the high-level arrangement of the tank can meet the inlet pressure requirements of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps to prevent cavitation.
  • the first or second high-temperature heat storage medium pump can provide enough head to make the high-temperature heat storage medium enter the heat storage medium side of the first to N stages of the inter-stage reheaters to release heat.
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium pump is driven by a motor equipped with a frequency converter, and the parallel arrangement of double pumps can not only meet the needs of equipment rotation and standby, but also meet the needs of simultaneous use. The specific implementation depends on the actual situation, which is not limited in this application. .
  • the inlet pipeline of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump is sequentially arranged with an inlet isolation valve and a filter screen of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and the inlet pipeline of the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump is arranged in sequence with a second high-temperature heat storage medium pump.
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve and filter screen are fully closed.
  • the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valves can respectively stop the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps and cut off the high temperature.
  • the inflow of the heat storage medium, the filter screen is used to remove the impurities contained in the high temperature heat storage medium.
  • a check valve and an outlet isolation valve of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipe of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and a reverse check valve is sequentially arranged on the outlet pipe of the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump.
  • the check valve and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve, the check valve can prevent the downstream high-temperature heat storage medium from flowing back into the high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and completely close the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation
  • the valve can stop the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps respectively.
  • the recirculation pipeline between the outlet main pipe of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps to the high-temperature heat storage medium tank is sequentially arranged with a recirculation isolation valve and a regulating valve of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump. Opening the recirculation isolation valve of the high temperature heat storage medium pump and adjusting the opening of the recirculation regulating valve of the high temperature heat storage medium pump can prevent the outlet flow rate of the first or second high temperature heat storage medium pump from being less than the cavitation safety value .
  • the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the inter-stage reheaters in the first to N stages are connected to the outlet main pipes of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps, and the storage medium of the inter-stage reheaters in the W stage is connected
  • the heat medium side inlet pipeline is sequentially arranged with the heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve, regulating valve and filter screen of the inter-stage reheater of the W-th level, and the heat-storage medium side of the inter-stage reheaters of the first to N levels. After the outlet pipes are merged, they enter the low-temperature heat storage medium tank.
  • the heat storage medium side outlet pipe of the W-th inter-stage reheater is arranged with the W-th inter-stage reheater.
  • the heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve fully closing the inlet isolation valve, inlet regulating valve, and outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater of the W-th level can make the inter-stage reheater of the W-th level stop operation, and the W-th level of the inter-stage
  • the inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the reheater can also adjust the inlet air temperature of the W-th air expander, the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high temperature heat storage medium, and the low temperature heat storage medium tank is used to store the released heat. Low temperature heat storage medium for use in the energy storage stage.
  • thermal measurement points can be, for example, pressure measurement points, differential pressure measurement points, temperature measurement points, liquid level measurement points, flow measurement points, rotational speed measurement points, vibration measurement points, shaft displacement measurement points, and shaft misalignment measurement points, etc.
  • the first clutch is placed in an unlocked state, before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set is started under the first-stage operating condition, the first clutch is placed in an unlocked state, At the same time, in order to quickly establish the air intake parameters of the air expander in the first stage, the compressed air stored in the air storage chamber in the first stage flows through the outlet isolation valve and the regulating valve of the air storage chamber in the first stage in sequence, and then enters the first stage.
  • the air side of the inter-stage reheater in the first stage absorbs heat, and after the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the air expander bypass valve, the check valve and the muffler in the first stage in turn and discharges into the atmosphere; the unit starts.
  • the first clutch is in the disengaged state. Since the air expander bypass regulating valve of the first stage is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the air expander inlet shut-off valve and the regulating valve of the first stage in turn. Entering the air expander in the first stage to expand and do work, the generated exhaust gas is then discharged into the atmosphere through the check valve and muffler of the outlet pipeline, and the rotor of the air expander in the first stage is decelerated by the gearbox reducer to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the compressed air stored in the room sequentially flows through the outlet isolation valve and regulating valve of the air storage chamber in the Y stage, and then enters the air side of the inter-stage reheater in the Y stage to absorb heat. After the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen in turn.
  • the air expander in stage Y expands to do work, and the generated spent gas enters the air side of the inter-stage reheater in the first stage through the check valve of the outlet pipeline, and repeats the reprocessing of the operating conditions of the first stage in the Y-first stage.
  • the rotors of the air expanders in the first to Y stages are decelerated by the gearbox reducer to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the high temperature heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage medium tank flows through the first
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve and filter screen enter the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump for pressure, and then enter the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pump through the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve.
  • the outlet isolation valve of the high temperature heat storage medium pump enters the outlet main pipes of the first and second high temperature heat storage medium pumps.
  • the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps can be used as backup for each other, and can also run at the same time.
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet main pipe enters the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the inter-stage reheaters of the first to W stages respectively and flows through the inter-stage reheaters in sequence
  • the heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve, regulating valve and filter screen and then enter the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheaters in the 1st to W stages to release heat, and then pass through the interstages of the 1st to W stages respectively.
  • the heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve of the reheater enters the low temperature heat storage medium tank; in one embodiment, when the outlet flow rate of the first or second high temperature heat storage medium pump is less than the cavitation safety value, the high temperature The heat storage medium flows through the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve and regulating valve in turn and returns to the high temperature heat storage medium tank to maintain the minimum working flow of the first or second high temperature heat storage medium pump.
  • the expansion power generation system further includes a system step control logic operation button, an interlock button for starting the standby high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and a heat storage medium sub-System emptying, preheating completion button, and valve input automatic button, and inverter input automatic button, and clutch lock, unlock button, etc.
  • the types of the air expanders are not limited, and can be various types of turbo air expanders or various types of volumetric air expanders, or It can be a combination of different types of air expanders, and the working medium can be air or humid air;
  • the type of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump is not limited, and it can be various types of vane pumps or various types of positive displacement pumps or other types.
  • the pump can also be a combination of different types of pumps;
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium can be water, organic heat storage media such as heat transfer oil or paraffin, or inorganic heat storage media such as various molten salts.
  • the present application also provides a specific application example of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station.
  • the expansion power generation system mainly includes:
  • Interstage reheating air expansion generator set first-stage air expander 1, second-stage air expander 2, third-stage air expander 3 and fourth-stage air expander 4; gearbox reducer 5 , generator 6, first clutch 7, second clutch 8 and third clutch 9, first stage interstage reheater 10, second stage interstage reheater 11, third stage interstage reheater 12 and The fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13, the first-stage gas storage chamber 14, the second-stage gas storage chamber 15, the third-stage gas storage chamber 16 and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber 17, the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet adjustment Valve V1, second-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5, third-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 and fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13, first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2, second-stage Air expander inlet shut-off valve V6, third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10 and fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14, first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3, second-stage air
  • (1) Heat storage medium subsystem the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31, the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33, the inlet of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump is isolated
  • the electrical energy input to the compressed air energy storage power station during the energy storage phase will fluctuate greatly and frequently. Affected by this, the air compressor unit will also operate in different working conditions during the energy storage phase. Therefore, according to the different storage pressure levels of compressed air in the energy storage stage, the number of air expanders and interstage reheaters operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is also different.
  • the air compressor group in the energy storage stage of the compressed air energy storage power station consists of a first-stage air compressor 37, a second-stage air compressor 38, a third-stage air compressor
  • the compressor 39 and the fourth-stage air compressor 40 are composed of the compressor 39 and the fourth-stage air compressor 40.
  • the compressed air storage pressure levels can be divided into four levels, the first to the fourth stage. Therefore, the operating conditions of the expansion power generation system in the energy-discharging stage also correspond to There are four levels from 1st to 4th level.
  • the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the fourth stage, that is, the first stage air compressor 37 , the second stage air compressor 38 , the third stage air compressor 39 and the fourth stage air compressor 39 are operated in the energy storage stage.
  • stage air compressor 40 and all the generated compressed air is stored in the fourth stage air storage chamber 17, then the number of stages of the air expander and the interstage reheater operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is the fourth stage, including the first stage Air expander 1, second-stage air expander 2, third-stage air expander 3 and fourth-stage air expander 4, and first-stage interstage reheater 10, second-stage interstage reheater 11,
  • the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 operate together, that is, the fourth-stage operating condition; when the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the third stage, that is, the energy storage stage is running.
  • the first-stage air compressor 37, the second-stage air compressor 38, and the third-stage air compressor 39, and all the compressed air generated is stored in the third-stage air storage chamber 16, then the air used for the operation of the power generation system is expanded in the energy release stage.
  • the number of stages of the expander and interstage reheater is the third stage, including the first stage air expander 1, the second stage air expander 2 and the third stage air expander 3, and the first stage interstage reheater 10 ,
  • the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 operate together, that is, the third-stage operating condition; when the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the second stage, that is, the energy storage stage operates
  • the first-stage air compressor 37 and the second-stage air compressor 38 are installed, and all the generated compressed air is stored in the second-stage air storage chamber 15, then the air expander and the inter-stage reheating of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage
  • the number of stages is the second stage, including
  • the conventional lubricating oil system can be the first stage air expander 1, the second stage air expander 2, the third stage air expander 3 and the fourth stage air expander 4, and the first clutch 7, the second clutch 8 and the third stage air expander.
  • the three clutches 9 and the gearbox reducer 5 provide lubricating and cooling oil.
  • the conventional lubricating oil system mainly includes: the lubricating oil tank 18, the first AC lubricating oil pump 19 and the second alternating current lubricating oil pump 20 (one for use and one for standby), DC accident Oil pump 21, fuel tank electric heater 22, lubricating oil purifying device 23, first exhaust fan 24 and second exhaust fan 25 (one for use and one for standby), lubricating oil filter 26 (double switchable), lubricating oil Cooler 27 (double switchable), accumulator 28, lubricating oil pressure regulating valve V54, lubricating oil temperature regulating valve V55, and various check valves, pipes, filters, thermal measuring points, etc.; conventional factory use
  • the cooling water system 29 can provide cooling water for the lubricating oil cooler 27, the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31, and is arranged on the two cooling water inlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler 27 respectively There are a first lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V46 and a second lubric
  • the second lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valve V49, the cooling water inlets of the first and second high temperature heat storage medium pumps are respectively arranged on the cooling water inlet pipes of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31
  • the isolation valves V50 and V52 are respectively arranged on the cooling water outlet pipes of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 .
  • the heat medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve V53; the conventional nitrogen production system 34 can provide a stable inflation gas source for the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36, and also for the first stage air expander 1, the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36.
  • the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 provide a stable isolated air source for isolating air and lubricating oil; the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36 It can not only meet the operating pressure requirements of the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33, but also isolate the heat storage medium from the air to improve the service life of the heat storage medium.
  • the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional nitrogen A first conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V26 and a second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V27 are respectively arranged on the inlet pipeline of the sealing device 36 .
  • the first-stage air storage chamber 14, the second-stage air storage chamber 15, the third-stage air storage chamber 16 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 are respectively used to store the first-stage air storage chamber
  • the air chamber 14 provides the first-stage air expander 1 with high-pressure air for power generation, and the second-stage air storage chamber 15 provides work for the first-stage air expander 1 and the second-stage air expander 2 under the second-stage operating condition.
  • the third-stage air storage chamber 16 provides high-pressure air for power generation for the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2 and the third-stage air expander 3 under the third-stage operating condition
  • the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 provides work and electricity for the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4. high pressure air.
  • the inlet pipe of the first-stage air storage chamber 14 drawn from the outlet pipe of the first-stage air compressor 37 is sequentially arranged with the first-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V56, the filter screen, and the check valve.
  • the inlet pipe of the second-stage air storage chamber 15 led by the outlet pipe is sequentially arranged with the second-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V57, the filter screen, and the check valve.
  • the inlet pipeline of the first-stage air storage chamber 16 is sequentially arranged with an inlet isolation valve V58, a filter screen and a check valve of the third-stage air storage chamber.
  • the fourth-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V59, filter screen, and check valve are arranged in sequence on the upper part.
  • Fully closing the air storage chamber inlet isolation valve can isolate the air storage chamber from the air compressor in the energy storage stage to prevent the operation of the air compressor. It affects the air storage chamber.
  • the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor.
  • the check valve can prevent the high-pressure air from the air storage chamber from flowing back into the air compressor.
  • the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60, the second-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V61, the third-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V62, and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63 are respectively arranged in the first-stage storage chamber.
  • the second-stage air storage chamber 15, the third-stage air storage chamber 16 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17, fully closing the outlet isolation valve of the air storage chamber can make the air storage chamber stop supplying air to the downstream.
  • the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V1, the second-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5, the third-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9, and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13 are respectively arranged in the first-stage gas storage chamber.
  • the air chamber outlet regulating valve Downstream of the air chamber outlet isolation valve V60, the second-stage air chamber outlet isolation valve V61, the third-stage air chamber outlet isolation valve V62 and the fourth-stage air chamber outlet isolation valve V63, the air chamber outlet regulating valve is used for regulating Interstage reheater outlet air pressure.
  • the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 are surface heat exchangers, and the interior is heated by the air side. (heating) and heat storage medium side (cooling), the air side is arranged downstream of the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber, and a filter screen is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air side to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air.
  • the downstream of the filter screen is divided into two paths, one is the inlet pipe of the air expander.
  • the inlet pipe of the first stage air expander 1 is sequentially arranged with the first stage air expander inlet cut-off valve V2 and the first stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3
  • the inlet pipeline of the second-stage air expander 2 is sequentially arranged with the second-stage air expander inlet cut-off valve V6, the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7
  • the third-stage air expander 3 inlet pipeline is sequentially arranged with the first stage.
  • the third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10, the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11, and the fourth-stage air expander 4 inlet pipeline are sequentially arranged with the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14, and the fourth-stage air expansion Machine inlet regulating valve V15.
  • the shut-off valve and regulating valve at the inlet of the air expander can be quickly and fully closed to stop the air expander from continuing to enter the air to prevent the rotor from idling normally; in the first-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander inlet
  • the cut-off valve V2 is fully opened, and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 is used to adjust the rotor speed and load lift of the first-stage air expander 1; under the second-stage operating condition, the second-stage air expander inlet is cut off
  • the valve V6 is fully opened, and the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 is used to adjust the rotor speed and load lifting of the first-stage air expander 1 and the second-stage air expander 2, and the first-stage air expander inlet is cut off.
  • Valve V2 and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 are fully open; under the third-stage operating condition, the third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10 is fully open, and the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 is used for Adjust the rotor speed and load lift of the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2 and the third-stage air expander 3, while the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2 and the second-stage air expander inlet
  • the shut-off valve V6, the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 and the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 are fully open; under the fourth-stage operating condition, the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14 is fully open,
  • the fourth-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15 is used to adjust the rotor speed and load of the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-
  • the first stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 and the third stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 are fully open.
  • the other path downstream of the filter screen is the bypass pipeline of the air expander.
  • the bypass pipeline of the first-stage air expander 1 is sequentially arranged with the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the check valve and the muffler, and the second-stage air expansion machine is arranged in sequence.
  • the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8, check valve and muffler are arranged in sequence on the bypass pipeline of machine 2
  • the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is arranged in sequence on the third-stage air expander 3 bypass pipeline.
  • Valve V12, check valve, muffler, fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16, check valve and muffler are sequentially arranged on the bypass pipeline of fourth-stage air expander 4.
  • the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the first-stage air expander 1 before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set starts, and it operates in the second stage Under working conditions, the second-stage air expander bypass valve V8 is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the second-stage air expander 2 before the start-up of the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set.
  • the first-stage air expander bypass control valve V4 is fully closed, and the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the third-stage air expander 3 before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set starts under the third-stage operating condition.
  • the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 and the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8 are fully closed. Under the fourth-stage operating condition, the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is next to the fourth-stage air expander before starting.
  • the road regulating valve V16 is used for the rapid establishment of the intake parameters of the fourth-stage air expander 4, while the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8 and the third-stage air expander
  • the bypass regulating valve V12 is fully closed, and the bypass regulating valve of the air expander can be quickly fully opened during the accident or normal shutdown stage.
  • the air pressure in front of the air expander can be quickly released to prevent the air expander inlet shut-off valve and the tightness of the regulating valve. Poor performance will affect the shutdown of the unit; the check valve can prevent the backflow of the outside atmosphere; the muffler whose outlet is connected to the outside atmosphere is used to alleviate the exhaust noise of the bypass pipeline.
  • a check valve is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air expander to prevent the downstream gas from flowing back into the air expander.
  • the air expander is provided with a sealed air duct, which is divided into an air storage chamber for sealed air duct and a self-sealed duct according to different air sources. Because the pressure of the self-sealing air source is too low and unstable, the air source for sealing is provided by the air storage chamber; as the unit starts up, the pressure of the air source for self-sealing gradually becomes normal, and the air source for sealing is gradually transitioned from the air storage chamber to being provided by the self-sealing.
  • the air supply and sealing air pipeline of the air storage chamber is composed of four air storage chamber lead-out pipes and four air expansion machine sealing air distribution pipes.
  • the air outlet isolation valve V64, the second-stage air storage chamber 15 is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the second-stage air storage chamber for the air expansion machine to seal the air outlet isolation valve V65, and the third-stage air storage chamber 16 is arranged on the outlet pipeline.
  • the air-supply expander seal air outlet isolation valve V66 of the air storage chamber, the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 is arranged on the outgoing pipeline of the fourth-stage air storage chamber and the air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve V67, and the four air storage chamber lead-out pipes After the confluence, it is redistributed to the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 through the filter screen.
  • the third-stage air storage chamber is fully opened to supply the air outlet isolation valve V66 of the air expander, and the other air storage chambers are fully closed to supply the air expansion machine sealing air.
  • the outlet isolation valve can make the sealing air all supplied by the third-stage air storage chamber 16.
  • the fourth-stage air storage chamber is fully opened to supply air to the expander sealing air outlet isolation valve V67, and other air storage chambers are fully closed.
  • the sealing air outlet isolation valve of the air supply expander can make the sealing air all supplied by the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17, the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing back into the air storage chamber, and the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air;
  • the sealing air distribution pipeline of stage 1 air expander is sequentially arranged with the isolation valve V17, pressure reducing valve and check valve of the sealing air inlet of the first stage air expander, and the sealing air distribution pipeline of the second stage air expander 2 is arranged in sequence.
  • the sealing air inlet isolation valve V18, pressure reducing valve and check valve of the secondary air expander, and the sealing air distribution pipeline of the third-stage air expander 3 are sequentially arranged with the sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 of the third-stage air expander, decompression Valve, check valve, fourth-stage air expander 4
  • the sealing air distribution pipeline of the fourth-stage air expander is sequentially arranged with the sealing air inlet isolation valve V20, pressure reducing valve and check valve of the fourth-stage air expander, and the sealing air inlet of the air expander is fully closed.
  • the isolation valve can cut off the supply of sealing air from the air storage chamber to the air expander, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the air pressure of the sealing air from the air storage chamber to the first preset pressure to meet the requirements of the air expander during the speed-up and low-load stages.
  • the check valve prevents backflow of downstream gas.
  • the self-sealing pipeline consists of the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V1, the second-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5, the third-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13 downstream pipelines respectively.
  • the self-sealing pipeline is arranged with a filter screen, a pressure reducing valve, and a check valve in sequence.
  • the outlet of the air expansion machine sealing air distribution pipeline and the self-sealing pipeline outlet merge into the air expander, and the filter screen is used to remove the impurities contained in the high-pressure air.
  • the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the air pressure of the sealing air after being throttled by the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber to the second preset pressure to meet the self-sealing requirement of the air expander in the high load stage (in one embodiment, the first The specific values of the preset pressure and the second preset pressure are determined by the level of the air expander, and the second preset pressure is slightly larger than the first preset pressure for any stage of the air expander, so that the sealed air source can follow the air storage.
  • the rise of air pressure downstream of the chamber outlet regulating valve is automatically switched from the air storage chamber to self-sealing), and the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backwards.
  • the air expander is provided with an isolation air main pipeline and four branch pipelines.
  • the isolation air main pipeline is arranged with the isolation air inlet isolation valve V21, filter screen and pressure reducing valve of all levels of air expanders in sequence, and all levels of air expanders are closed.
  • the isolation main valve V21 at the isolation air inlet can cut off the supply of the isolation air from the conventional nitrogen making system 34, the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in nitrogen, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the isolation air pressure from the conventional nitrogen making system 34 to the third Preset pressure; first-stage air expander 1 isolation air inlet isolation valve V22 and check valve are arranged in sequence on the first-stage air expander 1 isolation air distribution pipeline, and second-stage air expander 2 isolation air distribution pipeline is sequentially arranged There are second-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V23 and check valve, and third-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V24 and check valve are arranged on the third-stage air expander 3 isolation air pipeline in sequence.
  • the fourth-stage air expander 4 isolation air inlet isolation valve V25 and the check valve are arranged in sequence on the isolation air pipe of the fourth-stage air expander. supply, the check valve prevents backflow of downstream gas.
  • the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 have the same rotor speed and are arranged coaxially.
  • the gearbox reducer 5 is connected to the power generation through a coupling.
  • the generator 6 is connected, and the rated speed of the air expander rotor is finally reduced to the rated speed of the generator 6 through the gearbox reducer 5.
  • a first clutch 7 is provided between the rotor of the first-stage air expander 1 and the rotor of the second-stage air expander 2
  • a second clutch 8 is arranged between the rotor of the second-stage air expander 2 and the rotor of the third-stage air expander 3
  • a third-stage air expander 3 rotor is arranged between the rotor of the fourth-stage air expander 4.
  • Clutch 9 through the clutch engagement and disengagement, the number of stages of the air expander can be changed.
  • the first clutch 7 is disengaged under the first-stage operating condition
  • the second clutch 8 is disengaged under the second-stage operating condition
  • the second clutch 8 is disengaged.
  • a clutch 7 is engaged, the third clutch 9 is disengaged, the second clutch 8 is engaged, and the first clutch 7 is engaged in the third-stage operating condition, and the third clutch 9 is engaged and the second clutch 8 is engaged in the fourth-stage operating condition. Engaged, the first clutch 7 is engaged.
  • the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 is used to store the high temperature heat storage medium after absorbing compression heat in the energy storage stage for use in the energy release stage.
  • the inlet pipes of the two high-temperature heat storage medium pumps 31 are connected, and the inlet pressure requirements of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 can be met to prevent cavitation through the high-level arrangement of the tank.
  • the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 can provide sufficient pressure head to make the high-temperature heat storage medium enter the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 11.
  • the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 releases heat, and the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 are driven by a motor equipped with a frequency converter and
  • the parallel arrangement of double pumps can not only meet the requirements of equipment rotation and standby, but also meet the requirements of simultaneous use. The specific implementation depends on the actual situation, which is not limited in this application.
  • the inlet pipe of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 is sequentially arranged with the first high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V28 and the filter screen, and the inlet pipe of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is sequentially arranged with the second high temperature heat storage medium pump Import isolation valve V30, filter screen, fully close the high temperature heat storage medium pump
  • the inlet isolation valve can stop the high temperature heat storage medium pump and cut off the inflow of the high temperature heat storage medium.
  • the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high temperature heat storage medium.
  • a check valve and an outlet isolation valve V29 of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipeline of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 , and a check valve and a second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 are arranged in sequence on the outlet pipeline.
  • the high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V31, the check valve can prevent the downstream high temperature heat storage medium from flowing back into the high temperature heat storage medium pump, and the high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve can be completely closed to stop the high temperature heat storage medium pump.
  • the heat medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33, fully opening the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32 and adjusting the opening of the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33 can prevent the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high temperature storage medium pump 30.
  • the outlet flow of the heat medium pump 31 is less than the cavitation safety value.
  • the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 are connected to the heat storage medium side inlet pipe and the first high-temperature storage medium.
  • the heat medium pump 30 is connected to the outlet main pipe of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31, and the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 are sequentially arranged on the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10.
  • the heat storage medium side inlet pipeline is sequentially arranged with second-stage inter-stage reheating
  • the heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V37 of the second-stage interstage reheater, the heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38 of the second-stage inter-stage reheater, the filter screen, and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 are arranged in sequence on the heat storage medium side inlet pipeline.
  • the heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V40 of the third-stage interstage reheater, the heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V41 of the third-stage interstage reheater, the filter screen, the fourth-stage interstage reheater 13 The heat storage medium side inlet On the pipeline are sequentially arranged the inlet isolation valve V43 on the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage interstage reheater, the inlet regulating valve V44 on the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage interstage reheater, the filter screen, and the first-stage interstage reheater. 10.
  • the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12, and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 enter the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 after the heat storage medium side outlet pipes converge.
  • the heat storage medium side outlet pipe of the inter-stage reheater 10 is arranged with an outlet isolation valve V36 on the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater, and the heat storage medium side outlet pipe of the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 is arranged with a
  • the heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V39 of the second-stage inter-stage reheater, and the third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium-side outlet isolation valve is arranged on the heat storage medium side outlet pipeline of the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 V42, the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 heat storage medium side outlet pipe is arranged with the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V45, which fully closes the inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side in
  • the inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the interstage reheater can also adjust the inlet air temperature of the air expander.
  • the filter screen is used to remove the high temperature heat storage medium. Contained impurities, the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 is used to store the low-temperature heat storage medium after releasing heat for use in the energy storage stage.
  • thermal measuring points are also set in the expansion power generation system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the thermal measurement points can be, for example, pressure measurement points, differential pressure measurement points, temperature measurement points, liquid level measurement points, flow measurement points, rotational speed measurement points, vibration measurement points, shaft displacement measurement points, and shaft misalignment measurement points.
  • the first clutch 7 is placed in the unlocked state, and at the same time, in order to make the first
  • the air intake parameters of the first-stage air expander 1 are quickly established, and the compressed air stored in the first-stage air storage chamber 14 flows through the first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60 and the regulating valve V1 in turn, and then enters the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10.
  • the air side absorbs heat, and after the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the check valve, and the muffler and discharges into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7 is in a disengaged state , Since the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2 and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 and then enters the first-stage air. The expander 1 expands to do work, and the generated exhaust gas is then discharged into the atmosphere through the outlet pipe check valve and muffler. The rotor of the first-stage air expander 1 is decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5 to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.
  • the first clutch 7 is placed in a locked state
  • the second clutch 8 is placed in a locked state.
  • the compressed air stored in the second-stage air storage chamber 15 sequentially flows through the second-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V61, the second-stage storage chamber After the air chamber outlet regulating valve V5 enters the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the air side absorbs heat.
  • the filter screen After the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8, the check valve, and the muffler in sequence. It is discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7 is in the engaged state and the second clutch 8 is in the disengaged state. Since the second stage air expander bypass valve V8 is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the second stage in turn.
  • the air expander inlet shut-off valve V6 and the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 enter the second-stage air expander 2 to expand and do work, and the generated spent gas enters the first-stage inter-stage reheater through the check valve of the outlet pipeline 10
  • the air side repeats the reheating work process of the first-stage operating condition, and the rotors of the first-stage air expander 1 and the second-stage air expander 2 are decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5 to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.
  • the first clutch 7 and the second clutch 8 are placed in a locked state before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is started under the third-stage operating condition.
  • the third clutch 9 is placed in the unlocked state, and at the same time, in order to quickly establish the intake parameters of the third-stage air expander 3, the compressed air stored in the third-stage air storage chamber 16 flows through the third-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve in turn.
  • V62 the third-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 enters the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 to absorb heat on the air side, and after the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen and the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 in turn.
  • the check valve and the muffler are discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7 and the second clutch 8 are in the engaged state, and the third clutch 9 is in the disengaged state, because the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 is fully closed
  • the compressed air then flows through the third-stage air expander inlet cut-off valve V10 and the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 in turn, and then enters the third-stage air expander 3 to expand and do work, and the generated spent gas is then reversed through the outlet pipeline.
  • the check valve enters the air side of the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and repeats the reheating work process of the second-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2 and the third-stage air expander 3
  • the rotor drives the generator 6 to generate electricity after being decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5 .
  • the first clutch 7 , the second clutch 8 and the third clutch 9 are connected to the first clutch 7 , the second clutch 8 and the third clutch 9 before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is started under the fourth stage operating condition.
  • the compressed air stored in the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 flows through the fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63, the fourth-stage air storage chamber in turn After the outlet regulating valve V13 of the air storage chamber, it enters the air side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 to absorb heat.
  • the fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16 After the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16, the check valve, The muffler is discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7, the second clutch 8 and the third clutch 9 are in the engaged state. Since the bypass regulating valve V16 of the fourth stage air expander is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the first clutch.
  • the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14 and the fourth-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15 enter the fourth-stage air expander 4 to expand and do work, and the generated spent gas enters the third-stage inter-stage through the check valve of the outlet pipeline.
  • the air side of the heater 12 repeats the reheating work process of the third-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 rotors After being decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5, the generator 6 is driven to generate electricity.
  • the high temperature heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 flows through the first high temperature heat storage medium in sequence
  • the pump inlet isolation valve V28 and the filter screen enter the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 for pressure, and then enter the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump through the first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29.
  • the heat medium pump 31 exits the main pipe; or flows through the second high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V30 and the filter screen in sequence, and then enters the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 to be pressurized, and then passes through the second high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet.
  • the isolation valve V31 After the isolation valve V31, it enters the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 outlet main pipe.
  • the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 can be used as backup for each other, and can also run simultaneously.
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet main pipe flows through the inlet isolation valve V34 on the heat-storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater and the heat-storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater in sequence.
  • the inlet regulating valve V35 and the filter screen enter the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 to release heat, and then enter the low-temperature heat storage medium through the outlet isolation valve V36 on the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater Tank 33; under the second-stage operating condition, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet parent pipe not only maintains the flow path under the first-stage operating condition, but also flows through the heat storage medium side inlet of the second-stage inter-stage reheater in sequence Isolation valve V37, second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38, and filter screen enter the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 to release heat on the heat storage medium side, and then pass through the second-stage inter-stage reheater.
  • the outlet isolation valve V39 on the heat storage medium side of the heat exchanger enters the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33; under the third-stage operating condition, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet main pipe not only maintains the flow path under the second-stage operating condition, but also It flows through the inlet isolation valve V40 on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage interstage reheater, the inlet regulating valve V41 on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage interstage reheater, and the filter screen, and then enters the third-stage interstage reheater 12
  • the heat storage medium side releases heat, and then enters the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33 through the outlet isolation valve V42 on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage inter-stage reheater; under the fourth-stage operating condition, the high temperature in the outlet main pipe
  • the heat storage medium also flows through the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V43 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side
  • Valve V44 and filter screen enter the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 to release heat, and then enter the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 through the outlet isolation valve V45 of the heat-storage medium side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater
  • the high temperature heat storage medium sequentially flows through the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32, the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33 returns to the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 to maintain the minimum working flow of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31.
  • the expansion power generation system further includes a system step control logic operation button, an interlock button for starting the standby high temperature heat storage medium pump, and a heat storage medium subsystem arrangement. Empty, preheating completion buttons, and valve input automatic button, and inverter input automatic button, and clutch lock, unlock button, etc.
  • the above-mentioned buttons can be provided, for example, on the control panel of the distributed control system.
  • the system step sequence control logic operation button is used to control the start and stop of the expansion power generation system; the interlock button for starting the standby high temperature heat storage medium pump can be used to automatically activate the equipment interlock.
  • the interlock When the interlock is activated, if one of the equipment trips, the other A piece of equipment can be interlocked and started quickly to maintain the normal operation of the expansion power generation system. For example, when the interlock button for starting the standby high-temperature heat storage medium pump is pressed, if the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 trips, then the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 trips.
  • the medium pump 31 will be interlocked and started quickly; the emptying and preheating completion buttons of the heat storage medium subsystem are used to press when the emptying and preheating operations are completed to proceed to the next sequence; the automatic valve input button is used to automatically control the valve The opening degree changes to meet the changing requirements of a certain physical quantity; the inverter input automatic button is used to automatically control the frequency change of the inverter to meet the changing requirements of a certain physical quantity; the clutch locking and unlocking buttons are used for clutch locking and unlocking operations respectively.
  • the types of air expanders are not limited.
  • the working medium can be air or humid air
  • the types of the high-temperature heat storage medium pumps are not limited, and they can be various types of vane pumps, various types of positive displacement pumps or other types of pumps, or It can be a combination of different types of pumps
  • the high-temperature heat storage medium can be water, organic heat storage media such as heat transfer oil or paraffin, or inorganic heat storage media such as various molten salts.

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Abstract

An expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, which system comprises a plurality of inter-stage reheating-type air expansion generator sets and a heat storage medium sub-system, wherein each inter-stage reheating-type air expansion generator set comprises air expanders (1, 2, 3, 4) and a set of reheating air storage assemblies connected to the air expanders (1, 2, 3, 4); the air expanders (1, 2, 3, 4) are controllably connected in series, and the set of reheating air storage assemblies are connected in parallel; each reheating air storage assembly comprises inter-stage reheaters (10, 11, 12, 13) and air storage chambers (14, 15, 16, 17) that are successively connected to the corresponding air expanders; and the air storage chambers (14, 15, 16, 17) are respectively connected to air compressors (37, 38, 39, 40) in a compressed air energy storage power station, which is in an energy storage phase, on a one-to-one basis, and the inter-stage reheaters (10, 11, 12, 13) are respectively connected to the heat storage medium sub-system. In practical application, the system can improve the operation stability and the expansion power generation efficiency, and the operation safety of related devices during an expansion power generation process for a compressed air energy storage power station.

Description

用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统Expansion power generation system for compressed air energy storage power station 技术领域technical field
本申请涉及压缩空气储能发电技术领域，具体涉及用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统。The present application relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage power generation, and in particular, to an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station.
背景技术Background technique
以风能、太阳能为代表的可再生能源，由于受自然环境因素的影响，其发电过程中能量输入无法达到像化石能源那样的精确控制，具有负荷及频率波动大、不稳定度高等特点，导致了大规模弃风、光电的产生。因此，应用于可再生能源发电行业的大规模储能技术便应运而生。其中，压缩空气储能技术相比于其它类型储能系统有着运转寿命长、储能容量大且环境友好性强等特点，在大规模电力能源分配、可再生能源应用等高新能源技术领域有着越来越广泛的应用。Renewable energy represented by wind energy and solar energy, due to the influence of natural environment factors, the energy input in the power generation process cannot achieve the same precise control as fossil energy, and has the characteristics of large load and frequency fluctuation and high instability, resulting in Large-scale abandonment of wind and generation of photovoltaics. Therefore, large-scale energy storage technology applied to the renewable energy power generation industry came into being. Among them, compressed air energy storage technology has the characteristics of long operating life, large energy storage capacity and strong environmental friendliness compared with other types of energy storage systems. more and more applications.
以压缩空气储能技术为基础的电站，其工作过程分为不同时进行的两个环节：储能阶段及释能阶段。在储能阶段，可变工况运行的多级空气压缩机组随着弃风、光及低谷电能输入功率变化，会产生不同压力等级压缩空气并分别存储于不同级别储气室中，同时利用级间或末级冷却器将空气压缩机组产生的热能通过导热油或水等储热介质进行存储；在释能阶段，某一级储气室在储能阶段存储的压缩空气进入膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组做功产生电能，为提高系统效率机组的每级空气膨胀机前均布置有级间再热器，各级间再热器内流动的储热介质利用储能阶段存储的压缩热加热各级空气膨胀机的进口空气。但是，现有膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组采用串联同步运行方式，因此当储能阶段变工况运行使储气室级别发生变化时，释能阶段进入级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组的压缩空气压力等级也随之变化，导致各级空气膨胀机处于变工况运行，长时间偏离额定工况，造成各级空气膨胀机运行效率低下，降低了机组、系统及整个压缩空气储能电站的运行效率；更为严重的是，当释能阶段进入机组的压缩空气压力等级较低时，机组处于低负荷工况，由于各级空气膨胀机内部空气流量较低，易产生鼓风摩擦效应，导致末级叶片及缸体急速升温，甚至引发机组设备的损坏，造成极为严重的后果。The working process of a power station based on compressed air energy storage technology is divided into two stages that are not carried out at the same time: the energy storage stage and the energy release stage. In the energy storage stage, the multi-stage air compressor units operating under variable working conditions will generate compressed air of different pressure levels and store them in different levels of air storage chambers with the change of the input power of abandoned wind, light and low power energy. Occasionally, the final cooler stores the heat energy generated by the air compressor unit through heat storage medium such as heat transfer oil or water; in the energy release stage, the compressed air stored in a certain air storage chamber in the energy storage stage enters the expansion power generation system. The reheated air expansion generator set works to generate electricity. In order to improve the efficiency of the system, an interstage reheater is arranged in front of each stage of the air expander. The heat storage medium flowing in the interstage reheater is stored in the energy storage stage. The heat of compression heats the inlet air of the air expanders at all stages. However, the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set of the existing expansion power generation system adopts a series synchronous operation mode, so when the level of the air storage chamber changes due to the operation of the energy storage stage, the energy release stage enters the inter-stage reheating type. The compressed air pressure level of the air expansion generator set also changes accordingly, which causes the air expanders at all levels to operate under variable working conditions and deviates from the rated working conditions for a long time, resulting in low operating efficiency of the air expanders at all levels, reducing the unit, system and the whole. The operating efficiency of the compressed air energy storage power station; more seriously, when the pressure level of the compressed air entering the unit during the energy release stage is low, the unit is in a low load condition. The blowing friction effect is produced, resulting in the rapid heating of the last stage blades and the cylinder body, and even damage to the unit equipment, resulting in extremely serious consequences.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术中的问题，本申请提供一种用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，能够有效提高针对压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程的运行稳定性，并能够在有效提高膨胀发电效率的同时，有效提高各相关设备的运转安全性及稳定性。In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, which can effectively improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station, and can effectively improve the expansion power generation system. At the same time, it can effectively improve the operation safety and stability of each related equipment.
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供以下技术方案：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application provides the following technical solutions:
本申请提供一种用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，包括：多个级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组，以及，用于对各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组进行高温储热和低温储热的储热介质子系统；The present application provides an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, comprising: a plurality of inter-stage reheated air expansion generating units, and for performing high temperature on each of the inter-stage reheated air expansion generating units Heat storage medium subsystem for heat storage and low temperature heat storage;
各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组均包括：一个空气膨胀机和与该空气膨胀机连接的一组再热储气组件；各个所述空气膨胀机之间可控式串联，各组所述再热储气组件之间并联；Each of the inter-stage reheated air expansion generator sets includes: an air expander and a group of reheated air storage components connected to the air expander; each of the air expanders is controllably connected in series, each group The reheat gas storage components are connected in parallel;
各个所述再热储气组件均包括：与对应的空气膨胀机依次连接的一个级间再热器和一个储气室；各个所述储气室分别与处于储能阶段的压缩空气储能电站内的各个空气压缩机一对一连接，各个所述级间再热器分别连接至所述储热介质子系统。Each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes: an inter-stage reheater and an air storage chamber sequentially connected to the corresponding air expander; Each air compressor in the station is connected one-to-one, and each of the inter-stage reheaters is respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem.
由上述技术方案可知，本申请提供的一种用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，膨胀发电系统包括：多个级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组，以及，用于对各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组进行高温储热和低温储热的储热介质子系统；各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组均包括：一个空气膨胀机和与该空气膨胀机连接的一组再热储气组件；各个所述空气膨胀机之间可控式串联，各组所述再热储气组件之间并联；各个所述再热储气组件均包括：与对应的空气膨胀机依次连接的一个级间再热器和一个储气室；各个所述储气室分别与处于储能阶段的压缩空气储 能电站内的各个空气压缩机一对一连接，各个所述级间再热器分别连接至所述储热介质子系统，在通过设置级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组和储热介质子系统来保证整个压缩空气储能电站的运行效率的基础上，通过各个所述空气膨胀机之间可控式串联，各组所述再热储气组件之间并联，每个所述再热储气组件均包括与对应的空气膨胀机依次连接的一个级间再热器和一个储气室连接；各个所述储气室分别与处于储能阶段的压缩空气储能电站内的各个空气压缩机一对一连接，且各个所述级间再热器分别连接至所述储热介质子系统的设置，可实现当储能阶段变工况运行使储气室级别发生变化时，释能阶段膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组各级空气膨胀机处于额定工况点附近稳定运行，能够有效提高针对压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程的运行稳定性；能够有效提高膨胀发电效率，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行效率，在提高机组、系统及整个压缩空气储能电站运行效率的同时，有效提高各相关设备的运转安全性及稳定性，能够确保各相关设备的安全稳定运行；并能够有效提高压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程的运行可靠性，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行可靠性。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present application provides an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station. The expansion power generation system includes: a plurality of inter-stage reheating air expansion generating units, and A heat storage medium subsystem for high-temperature heat storage and low-temperature heat storage for the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set; each of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets includes: an air expander and an air expander connected to the air expander. A group of reheated air storage assemblies; each of the air expanders is controllably connected in series, and each group of the reheated air storage assemblies is connected in parallel; each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes: An inter-stage reheater and an air storage chamber are connected in sequence; each of the air storage chambers is respectively connected to each air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage one-to-one. The reheaters are respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystems, and on the basis of ensuring the operation efficiency of the entire compressed air energy storage power station by setting up the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set and the heat storage medium subsystem, through each The air expanders are connected in a controllable series, and each group of the reheated air storage assemblies is connected in parallel, and each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes an inter-stage reheater sequentially connected to the corresponding air expander connected with an air storage chamber; each of the air storage chambers is respectively connected with each air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage, and each of the inter-stage reheaters is respectively connected to the The setting of the heat storage medium subsystem can realize that when the level of the air storage chamber changes due to the change of working conditions in the energy storage stage, the air expanders at all levels of the interstage reheated air expansion generator set of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage are at rated value. Stable operation near the operating point can effectively improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station; it can effectively improve the expansion power generation efficiency, thereby effectively improving the operation efficiency of the entire compressed air energy storage power station. While the operation efficiency of the system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station, it can effectively improve the operation safety and stability of each related equipment, which can ensure the safe and stable operation of each related equipment; and can effectively improve the expansion and power generation process of the compressed air energy storage power station. Operational reliability, which can effectively improve the operational reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1是本申请实施例中的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station in an embodiment of the present application.
图2是本申请实施例中的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station in an embodiment of the present application.
附图标记：Reference number:
01-级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组；011-空气膨胀机；012-级间再热器；013-储气室；02-储热介质子系统02；03-压缩空气储能电站；031-空气压缩机；1─第一级空气膨胀机；2─第二级空气膨胀机；3─第三级空气膨胀机；4─第四级空气膨胀机；5─齿轮箱减速器；6─发电机；7─第一离合器；8─第二离合器；9─第三离合器；10─第一级级间再热器；11─第二级级间再热器；12─第三级级间再热器；13─第四级级间再热器；14─第一级储气室；15─第二级储气室；16─第三级储气室；17─第四级储气室；18─润滑油箱；19─第一交流润滑油泵；20─第二交流润滑油泵；21─直流事故油泵；22─油箱电加热器；23─润滑油净化装置；24─第一排油烟风机；25─第二排油烟风机；26─润滑油过滤器；27─润滑油冷却器；28─蓄能器；29─常规厂用冷却水系统；30─第一高温储热介质泵；31─第二高温储热介质泵；32─高温储热介质罐；33─低温储热介质罐；34─常规制氮系统；35─第一常规氮气密封装置；36─第二常规氮气密封装置；37─第一级空气压缩机；38─第二级空气压缩机；39─第三级空气压缩机；40─第四级空气压缩机；01-Interstage reheating air expansion generator set; 011-Air expander; 012-Interstage reheater; 013-Air storage chamber; 02-Heat storage medium subsystem 02; 03-Compressed air energy storage power station; 031 -Air compressor; 1─First-stage air expander; 2─Second-stage air expander; 3─Third-stage air expander; 4─Fourth-stage air expander; 5─Gearbox reducer; 6─ Generator; 7─first clutch; 8─second clutch; 9─third clutch; 10─first stage interstage reheater; 11─second stage interstage reheater; 12─third stage interstage Reheater; 13─Fourth-stage interstage reheater; 14─First-stage gas storage room; 15─Second-stage gas storage room; 16─Third-stage gas storage room; ;18─lubricating oil tank; 19─first AC lubricating oil pump; 20─second AC lubricating oil pump; 21─DC accident oil pump; 22─fuel tank electric heater; 23─lubricating oil purification device; 24─first exhaust fume fan; 25─second exhaust fume fan; 26─lubricating oil filter; 27─lubricating oil cooler; 28─accumulator; 29─conventional factory cooling water system; 30─the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump; 31─the first 2. High temperature heat storage medium pump; 32─high temperature heat storage medium tank; 33─low temperature heat storage medium tank; 34─conventional nitrogen production system; 35─the first conventional nitrogen sealing device; 36─the second conventional nitrogen sealing device; The first-stage air compressor; 38-the second-stage air compressor; 39-the third-stage air compressor; 40-the fourth-stage air compressor;
V1─第一级储气室出口调阀；V2─第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀；V3─第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀；V4─第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀；V5─第二级储气室出口调阀；V6─第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀；V7─第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀；V8─第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀；V9─第三级储气室出口调阀；V10─第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀；V11─第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀；V12─第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀；V13─第四级储气室出口调阀；V14─第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀；V15─第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀；V16─第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀；V17─第一级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀；V18─第二级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀；V19─第三级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀；V20─第四级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀；V21─各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀；V22─第一级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀；V23─第二级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀；V24─第三级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀；V25─第四级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀；V26─第一常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀；V27─第二常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀；V28─第一高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀；V29─第一高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀；V30─第二高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀；V31─第二高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀；V32─高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀；V33─高温储热介质泵再循环调阀；V34─第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀；V35─第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀；V36─第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀；V37─第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀；V38─第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀；V39─第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀；V40─第三级级间 再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀；V41─第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀；V42─第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀；V43─第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀；V44─第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀；V45─第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀；V46─第一润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀；V47─第一润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀；V48─第二润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀；V49─第二润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀；V50─第一高温储热介质泵冷却水进口隔离阀；V51─第一高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀；V52─第二高温储热介质泵冷却水进口隔离阀；V53─第二高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀；V54─润滑油压力调节阀；V55─润滑油温度调节阀；V56─第一级储气室进口隔离阀；V57─第二级储气室进口隔离阀；V58─第三级储气室进口隔离阀；V59─第四级储气室进口隔离阀；V60─第一级储气室出口隔离阀；V61─第二级储气室出口隔离阀；V62─第三级储气室出口隔离阀；V63─第四级储气室出口隔离阀；V64-第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀；V65-第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀；V66-第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀；V67-第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀；V1─First-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve; V2─First-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve; V3─First-stage air expander inlet regulating valve; V4─First-stage air expander bypass regulating valve; V5 ─The outlet regulating valve of the second-stage air storage chamber; V6─The second-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve; V7─The second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve; V8─The second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve; V9─ The third stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve; V10─the third stage air expander inlet shut-off valve; V11─the third stage air expander inlet regulating valve; V12─the third stage air expander bypass regulating valve; V13─the third stage air expander bypass regulating valve; The fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve; V14─the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve; V15─the fourth-stage air expander inlet regulating valve; V16─the fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve; V17─the first Class air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve; V18─Second-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve; V19─Third-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve; V20─ Fourth-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation Valve; V21─Isolation main valve for the isolation air inlet of the air expander at all levels; V22─Isolation valve for the isolation air inlet of the first stage air expander; V23─Isolation valve for the isolation air inlet of the second stage air expander; V24─The third stage air Expander isolation air inlet isolation valve; V25─Fourth stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve; V26─First conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve; V27─Second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve; V28─First High temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve; V29─first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve; V30─second high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve; V31─second high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve; V32─ High temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve; V33─high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve; V34─first stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve; V35─first stage interstage reheater Heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve; V36─first-stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve; V37─second-stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve; V38─second stage Inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater; V39─the outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the second-stage inter-stage reheater; V40─the inlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage inter-stage reheater; V41─ The third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve; V42─the third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve; V43─the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation Valve; V44─Inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage interstage reheater; V45─The outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage interstage reheater; V46─The first lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve; V47─Isolation valve for the first lubricating oil cooling water outlet; V48─Isolation valve for the second lubricating oil cooling water inlet; V49─Isolation valve for the second lubricating oil cooling water outlet; V50─Isolation valve for the cooling water inlet of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump ;V51─The first high temperature heat storage medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve; V52─The second high temperature heat storage medium Pump cooling water inlet isolation valve; V53─second high temperature heat storage medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve; V54─lubricating oil pressure regulating valve; V55─lubricating oil temperature regulating valve; V56─first stage gas storage chamber inlet isolation valve; V57─Isolation valve at the inlet of the second-stage gas storage chamber; V58─Isolation valve at the inlet of the third-stage storage chamber; V59─Isolation valve at the inlet of the fourth-stage storage chamber; V60─Isolation valve at the outlet of the first-stage storage chamber; V61─ The second-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve; V62─the third-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve; V63─the fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve; Valve; V65-Second-stage air storage chamber supply air expansion machine seal air outlet isolation valve; V66-Third-stage air storage chamber supply air expansion machine sealed air outlet isolation valve; V67-Fourth-stage air storage chamber supply air expansion machine Sealed air outlet isolation valve;
P1─第一级储气室压力；P2─第一级级间再热器出口空气压力；P3─第一级空气膨胀机进口压力；P4─第一级空气膨胀机出口压力；P5─第二级储气室压力；P6─第二级级间再热器出口空气压力；P7─第二级空气膨胀机进口压力；P8─第二级空气膨胀机出口压力；P9─第三级储气室压力；P10─第三级级间再热器出口空气压力；P11─第三级空气膨胀机进口压力；P12─第三级空气膨胀机出口压力；P13─第四级储气室压力；P14─第四级级间再热器出口空气压力；P15─第四级空气膨胀机进口压力；P16─第四级空气膨胀机出口压力；P17─第一级空气膨胀机密封风供气压力；P18─第二级空气膨胀机密封风供气压力；P19─第三级空气膨胀机密封风供气压力；P20─第四级空气膨胀机密封风供气压力；P21─各级空气膨胀机隔离风供气总压力；P22─第一级空气膨胀机隔离风供气压力；P23─第二级空气膨胀机隔离风供气压力；P24─第三级空气膨胀机隔离风供气压力；P25─第四级空气膨胀机隔离风供气压力；P26─高温储热介质罐压力；P27─第一高温储热介质泵出口压力；P28─第二高温储热介质泵出口压力；P29─低温储热介质罐压力；P30─常规厂用冷却水系统供水压力；P31─润滑油箱压力；P32─润滑油供油压力；P33─常规制氮系统供气压力；P1─The pressure of the first-stage air storage chamber; P2─The outlet air pressure of the first-stage inter-stage reheater; P3─The first-stage air expander inlet pressure; P4─The first-stage air expander outlet pressure; P5─The second P6 ─ outlet air pressure of the second-stage interstage reheater; P7 ─ inlet pressure of the second-stage air expander; P8 ─ outlet pressure of the second-stage air expander; P9 ─ the third-stage air storage chamber pressure; P10─the outlet air pressure of the third-stage inter-stage reheater; P11─the inlet pressure of the third-stage air expander; P12─the outlet pressure of the third-stage air expander; P13─the fourth-stage air storage chamber pressure; P14─ The outlet air pressure of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater; P15─the inlet pressure of the fourth-stage air expander; P16─the outlet pressure of the fourth-stage air expander; P17─the sealing air supply pressure of the first-stage air expander; P18─ The second-stage air expander sealing air supply pressure; P19─the third-stage air expander sealing air supply pressure; P20─the fourth-stage air expander sealing air supply pressure; P21─all levels of air expander isolation air supply Total air pressure; P22─The first-stage air expander isolation air supply pressure; P23─Second-stage air expander isolation air supply pressure; P24─Third-stage air expander isolation air supply pressure; P25─Fourth P26─high temperature heat storage medium tank pressure; P27─first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet pressure; P28─second high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet pressure; P29─low temperature heat storage medium tank pressure; P30─water supply pressure of conventional factory cooling water system; P31─lubricating oil tank pressure; P32─lubricating oil supply pressure; P33─gas supply pressure of conventional nitrogen making system;
T1─第一级储气室储气温度；T2─第一级级间再热器出口空气温度；T3─第一级空气膨胀机进口空气温度；T4─第一级空气膨胀机出口空气温度；T5─第二级储气室储气温度；T6─第二级级间再热器出口空气温度；T7─第二级空气膨胀机进口空气温度；T8─第二级空气膨胀机出口空气温度；T9─第三级储气室储气温度；T10─第三级级间再热器出口空气温度；T11─第三级空气膨胀机进口空气温度；T12─第三级空气膨胀机出口空气温度；T13─第四级储气室储气温度；T14─第四级级间再热器出口空气温度；T15─第四级空气膨胀机进口空气温度；T16─第四级空气膨胀机出口空气温度；T17─发电机第一端轴承温度；T18─发电机第二端轴承温度；T19─齿轮箱减速器第一端轴承温度；T20─齿轮箱减速器第二端轴承温度；T21─第一级空气膨胀机第一端轴承温度；T22─第一级空气膨胀机第二端轴承温度；T23─第二级空气膨胀机第一端轴承温度；T24─第二级空气膨胀机第二端轴承温度；T25─第三级空气膨胀机第一端轴承温度；T26─第三级空气膨胀机第二端轴承温度；T27─第四级空气膨胀机第一端轴承温度；T28─第四级空气膨胀机第二端轴承温度；T29─发电机三相线圈温度；T30─高温储热介质罐内储热介质温度；T31─低温储热介质罐内储热介质温度；T32─常规厂用冷却水系统供水温度；T33─润滑油箱储油温度；T34─润滑油供油温度；T35─齿轮箱减速器润滑油回油温度；T36─第一级空气膨胀机第一端轴承润滑油回油温度；T37─第一级空气膨胀机第二端轴承润滑油回油温度；T38─第一离合器润滑油回油温度；T39─第二级空气膨胀机第一端轴承润滑油回油温度；T40─第二级空气膨胀机第二端轴承润滑油回油温度；T41─第二离合器润滑油回油温度；T42─第三级空气膨胀机第一端轴承润滑油回油温度；T43─第三级空气膨胀机第二端轴承润滑油回油温度；T44─第三离合器润滑油回油温度；T45─第四级空气膨胀机第一端轴承润滑油回油温度；T46─第四级空气膨胀机第二端轴承润滑油回油温度；T1 ─ air storage temperature of the first-stage air storage chamber; T2 ─ outlet air temperature of the first-stage inter-stage reheater; T3 ─ inlet air temperature of the first-stage air expander; T4 ─ outlet air temperature of the first-stage air expander; T5 ─ air storage temperature of the second-stage air storage chamber; T6 ─ outlet air temperature of the second-stage inter-stage reheater; T7 ─ inlet air temperature of the second-stage air expander; T8 ─ outlet air temperature of the second-stage air expander; T9─the storage temperature of the third-stage air storage chamber; T10─the outlet air temperature of the third-stage inter-stage reheater; T11─the inlet air temperature of the third-stage air expander; T12─the outlet air temperature of the third-stage air expander; T13─The storage temperature of the fourth-stage air storage chamber; T14─The outlet air temperature of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater; T15─The inlet air temperature of the fourth-stage air expander; T16─The fourth-stage air expander outlet air temperature; T17─the bearing temperature of the first end of the generator; T18─the bearing temperature of the second end of the generator; T19─the bearing temperature of the first end of the gearbox reducer; T20─the bearing temperature of the second end of the gearbox reducer; T21─the first stage air The bearing temperature at the first end of the expander; T22─the bearing temperature at the second end of the first stage air expander; T23─the bearing temperature at the first end of the second stage air expander; T24─the bearing temperature at the second end of the second stage air expander; T25─The bearing temperature at the first end of the third-stage air expander; T26─The bearing temperature at the second end of the third-stage air expander; T27─The bearing temperature at the first end of the fourth-stage air expander; T28─The fourth-stage air expander The bearing temperature of the second end; T29─the temperature of the three-phase coil of the generator; T30─the temperature of the heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage medium tank; T31─the temperature of the heat storage medium in the low temperature heat storage medium tank; T32─the water supply of the conventional factory cooling water system temperature; T33─oil storage temperature of lubricating oil tank; T34─lubricating oil supply temperature; T35─gearbox reducer lubricating oil return temperature; T36─first-stage air expander first-end bearing lubricating oil return temperature; T37─ The lubricating oil return temperature of the bearing lubricating oil at the second end of the first stage air expander; T38─the first clutch lubricating oil return oil temperature; T39─the second stage air expander first end bearing lubricating oil return oil temperature; T40─the second stage The return oil temperature of the bearing lubricating oil at the second end of the air expander; T41─the return oil temperature of the second clutch lubricating oil; T42─the return oil temperature of the bearing lubricating oil at the first end of the third stage air expander; T43─the third stage air expander The return oil temperature of the bearing lubricating oil at the second end; T44─the return oil temperature of the third clutch lubricating oil; T45─the return oil temperature of the bearing lubricating oil at the first end of the fourth stage air expander; T46─the second end of the fourth stage air expander Bearing lubricating oil return oil temperature;
L1─润滑油箱液位；L2─高温储热介质罐液位；L3─低温储热介质罐液位；L1─lubricating oil tank liquid level; L2─high temperature heat storage medium tank liquid level; L3─low temperature heat storage medium tank liquid level;
F1─第一级级间再热器出口空气流量；F2─第二级级间再热器出口空气流量；F3─第三级级间再热器出口空气流量；F4─第四级级间再热器出口空气流量；F5─第一级级间再热器出口储热介质流量；F6─第二级级间再热器出口储热介质流量；F7─第三级级间再热器出口储热介质流量；F8─第四级级间再热器出口储热介质流量；F9─高温储热介质泵再循环流量；F1─The air flow at the outlet of the first-stage inter-stage reheater; F2-The outlet air flow of the second-stage inter-stage reheater; F3-The outlet air flow of the third-stage inter-stage reheater; F4─The fourth-stage inter-stage reheater Heater outlet air flow; F5─flow of heat storage medium at the outlet of the first-stage interstage reheater; F6─flow of heat storage medium at the outlet of the second-stage interstage reheater; F7─flow of heat storage medium at the outlet of the third-stage interstage reheater Flow rate of heat medium; F8─flow rate of heat storage medium at the outlet of the fourth-stage interstage reheater; F9─recirculation flow rate of high temperature heat storage medium pump;
S1─发电机转子转速；S2─第一级空气膨胀机转子转速；S3─第二级空气膨胀机转子转速；S4─第三级空气膨胀机转子转速；S5─第四级空气膨胀机转子转速；S1─rotor speed of generator; S2─rotor speed of first-stage air expander; S3─rotor speed of second-stage air expander; S4─rotor speed of third-stage air expander; S5─rotor speed of fourth-stage air expander ;
V01─发电机第一端轴振；V02─发电机第二端轴振；V03─齿轮箱减速器第一端轴振；V04─齿轮箱减速器第二端轴振；V05─第一级空气膨胀机第一端轴振；V06─第一级空气膨胀机第二端轴振；V07─第二级空气膨胀机第一端轴振；V08─第二级空气膨胀机第二端轴振；V09─第三级空气膨胀机第一端轴振；V010─第三级空气膨胀机第二端轴振；V011─第四级空气膨胀机第一端轴振；V012─第四级空气膨胀机第二端轴振；V01─Axial vibration at the first end of the generator; V02─Axial vibration at the second end of the generator; V03─Axial vibration at the first end of the gearbox reducer; V04─Axial vibration at the second end of the gearbox reducer; V05─First-stage air Axial vibration at the first end of the expander; V06─Axial vibration at the second end of the first-stage air expander; V07─Axial vibration at the first end of the second-stage air expander; V08─Axial vibration at the second end of the second-stage air expander; V09─Axial vibration at the first end of the third-stage air expander; V010─Axial vibration at the second end of the third-stage air expander; V011─Axial vibration at the first end of the fourth-stage air expander; V012─The fourth-stage air expander The second end shaft vibrates;
Z1─第一级空气膨胀机轴位移；Z2─第一离合器轴位移；Z3─第二级空气膨胀机轴位移；Z4─第二离合器轴位移；Z5─第三级空气膨胀机轴位移；Z6─第三离合器轴位移；Z7─第四级空气膨胀机轴位移；Z1─Displacement of the first stage air expander shaft; Z2─Displacement of the first clutch shaft; Z3─Displacement of the second stage air expander shaft; Z4─Displacement of the second clutch shaft; Z5─Displacement of the third stage air expander shaft; Z6 ─Displacement of the third clutch shaft; Z7─Displacement of the fourth stage air expander shaft;
M1─第一离合器轴不对中量；M2─第二离合器轴不对中量；M3─第三离合器轴不对中量；M1─misalignment of the first clutch shaft; M2─misalignment of the second clutch shaft; M3─misalignment of the third clutch shaft;
PD1─润滑油过滤器差压。PD1─Differential pressure of lubricating oil filter.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of this application.
考虑到以压缩空气储能技术为基础的电站，其工作过程分为不同时进行的两个环节：储能阶段及释能阶段。在储能阶段，可变工况运行的多级空气压缩机组随着弃风、光及低谷电能输入功率变化，会产生不同压力等级压缩空气并分别存储于不同级别储气室中，同时利用级间或末级冷却器将空气压缩机组产生的热能通过导热油或水等储热介质进行存储；在释能阶段，某一级储气室在储能阶段存储的压缩空气进入膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组做功产生电能，为提高系统效率机组的每级空气膨胀机前均布置有级间再热器，各级间再热器内流动的储热介质利用储能阶段存储的压缩热加热各级空气膨胀机的进口空气。但是，现有膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组采用多级空气膨胀机串联同步运行方式，因此当储能阶段变工况运行使储气室级别发生变化时，释能阶段进入级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组的压缩空气压力等级也随之变化，导致各级空气膨胀机处于变工况运行，长时间偏离额定工况，造成各级空气膨胀机运行效率低下，降低了机组、系统及整个压缩空气储能电站的运行效率；更为严重的是，当释能阶段进入机组的压缩空气压力等级较低时，机组处于低负荷工况，由于各级空气膨胀机内部空气流量较低，易产生鼓风摩擦效应，导致末级叶片及缸体急速升温，甚至引发机组设备的损坏，造成极为严重的后果。并且从膨胀发电系统运行控制的角度考虑，在释能阶段全停状态下，现有的膨胀发电系统无法实现自动启动，也无法在运行状态下实现自动停运。进一步地，现有的膨胀发电系统在释能阶段启动或者停运过程中，若运行至某一步序，但该步序的执行条件仍不满足，则启动或停运过程无法继续进行。即，现有膨胀发电系统的启动与停运需要较多的人为干预，大大增加了工作量和人力成本，并且若不能及时启动或者停运膨胀发电系统，则会影响整个压缩空气储能电站的正常运行，造成严重后果。Considering the power station based on compressed air energy storage technology, its working process is divided into two stages that are not carried out at the same time: the energy storage stage and the energy release stage. In the energy storage stage, the multi-stage air compressor unit operating under variable working conditions will generate compressed air of different pressure levels and store it in different levels of air storage chambers with the change of the input power of abandoned wind, light and low energy. Occasionally, the final cooler stores the heat energy generated by the air compressor unit through heat storage media such as heat transfer oil or water; in the energy release stage, the compressed air stored in a certain stage of the air storage chamber in the energy storage stage enters the expansion power generation system. The reheated air expansion generator sets work to generate electricity. In order to improve the efficiency of the system, an interstage reheater is arranged in front of each stage of the air expander. The heat storage medium flowing in the interstage reheater is stored in the energy storage stage. The heat of compression heats the inlet air of the air expanders at all stages. However, the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set of the existing expansion power generation system adopts the multi-stage air expander series synchronous operation mode. Therefore, when the level of the air storage chamber changes due to the change of operating conditions in the energy storage stage, the energy release stage enters the The compressed air pressure level of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set also changes accordingly, which causes the air expanders at all levels to operate under variable working conditions and deviates from the rated working conditions for a long time, resulting in low operating efficiency of the air expanders at all levels, reducing the operating efficiency of the air expanders. The operating efficiency of the unit, the system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station; more seriously, when the pressure level of the compressed air entering the unit during the energy release stage is low, the unit is in a low load condition. The flow rate is low, and it is easy to produce the blowing friction effect, which leads to the rapid heating of the last stage blades and the cylinder body, and even causes damage to the unit equipment, resulting in extremely serious consequences. And from the point of view of the operation control of the expansion power generation system, the existing expansion power generation system cannot realize automatic start-up and automatic shutdown under the state of full stop in the energy release stage. Further, during the startup or shutdown process of the existing expansion power generation system in the energy release stage, if the operation reaches a certain step, but the execution conditions of the step are still not satisfied, the startup or shutdown process cannot continue. That is, the startup and shutdown of the existing expansion power generation system requires a lot of human intervention, which greatly increases the workload and labor costs, and if the expansion power generation system cannot be started or stopped in time, it will affect the entire compressed air energy storage power station. normal operation, causing serious consequences.
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种应用于压缩空气储能电站释能阶段的膨胀发电系统，可实现当储能阶段变工况运行使储气室级别发生变化时，释能阶段膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组各级空气膨胀机处于额定工况点附近稳定运行，在提高机组、系统及整个压缩空气储能电站运行效率的同时也确保了各相关设备的安全稳定运行。进一步地，可实现释能阶段膨胀发电系统全停状态下的自动启动以及运行状态下的自动停运，还可实现膨胀发电系统在启动或停运过程中，若运行至某一步序但该步序的执行条件不满足，仍可继续系统的启动或停运过程。In view of the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides an expansion power generation system applied to the energy release stage of a compressed air energy storage power station, which can realize the expansion in the energy release stage when the level of the gas storage chamber changes due to the operation of the energy storage stage. The interstage reheating air expansion generator set of the power generation system The air expanders at all levels operate stably near the rated operating point, which not only improves the operating efficiency of the unit, the system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station, but also ensures the safety of all related equipment. Stable operation. Further, it can realize the automatic start of the expansion power generation system in the full stop state and the automatic shutdown under the running state during the energy release stage. If the execution conditions of the program are not satisfied, the system startup or shutdown process can still be continued.
具体通过下述多个实施例分别进行说明。Specifically, the following multiple embodiments will be used for description.
在本申请提供的一个或多个实施例中，第一离合器至第三离合器均可以采用SSS(Synchro-self-shifting)离合器，离合器是纯机械的装置，当输入侧转子转速有超过输出侧趋势时，离合器啮合，输出侧被驱动；当输入侧转子转速相对于输出侧有减少趋势时，产生反向力矩，离合器脱开。在级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组中，高压力等级的空气膨胀机转子接入离合器的输出端，低压力等级的空气膨胀机转子接入离合器的输入端，实现两个转子的脱开与啮合。 另外，离合器还配有锁定和解锁按钮，在锁定状态下，无法实现脱开与啮合操作。In one or more embodiments provided in this application, SSS (Synchro-self-shifting) clutches may be used for the first clutch to the third clutch. The clutch is a purely mechanical device. When the rotational speed of the rotor on the input side tends to exceed that on the output side When the clutch is engaged, the output side is driven; when the rotor speed on the input side tends to decrease relative to the output side, a reverse torque is generated and the clutch is disengaged. In the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set, the rotor of the air expander with high pressure level is connected to the output end of the clutch, and the rotor of the air expander with low pressure level is connected to the input end of the clutch, so as to realize the disengagement of the two rotors and the mesh. In addition, the clutch is also equipped with locking and unlocking buttons, which cannot be disengaged and engaged in the locked state.
为了提高针对压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程的运行稳定性，并能够在有效提高膨胀发电效率的同时，有效提高各相关设备的运转安全性及稳定性，本申请提供一种用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例，参见图1，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统具体包含有如下内容：In order to improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station, and to effectively improve the expansion power generation efficiency while effectively improving the operation safety and stability of each related equipment, the present application provides a compressed air For an example of an expansion power generation system of an energy storage power station, referring to FIG. 1 , the expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station specifically includes the following contents:
多个级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组01，以及，用于对级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组01进行高温储热和低温储热的储热介质子系统02；所述储热介质子系统02分别连接至各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组01；每个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组01均包括一个空气膨胀机011和与该空气膨胀机011连接的一组再热储气组件，各个所述空气膨胀机011之间可控式串联，各组所述再热储气组件之间并联；每个所述再热储气组件均包括与对应的空气膨胀机011依次连接的一个级间再热器012和一个储气室013连接；各个所述储气室013分别与处于储能阶段的压缩空气储能电站03内的各个空气压缩机031一对一连接，且各个所述级间再热器012分别连接至所述储热介质子系统。A plurality of inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets 01, and a heat storage medium subsystem 02 for performing high temperature heat storage and low temperature heat storage on the interstage reheat air expansion generator set 01; the heat storage medium sub-system 02 The system 02 is respectively connected to each of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets 01; each of the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator sets 01 includes an air expander 011 and a A group of reheat air storage assemblies, each of the air expanders 011 are controllably connected in series, and each group of the reheat air storage assemblies is connected in parallel; each of the reheat air storage assemblies includes a corresponding air expansion unit. An inter-stage reheater 012 connected in sequence with the machine 011 is connected to an air storage chamber 013; each of the air storage chambers 013 is one-to-one with each air compressor 031 in the compressed air energy storage power station 03 in the energy storage stage. connected, and each of the inter-stage reheaters 012 is respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem.
从上述描述可知，本申请实施例提供的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，在通过设置级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组和储热介质子系统来保证整个压缩空气储能电站的运行效率的基础上，通过各个所述空气膨胀机之间可控式串联，各组所述再热储气组件之间并联，每个所述再热储气组件均包括与对应的空气膨胀机依次连接的一个级间再热器和一个储气室连接；各个所述储气室分别与处于储能阶段的压缩空气储能电站内的各个空气压缩机一对一连接，且各个所述级间再热器分别连接至所述储热介质子系统的设置，可实现当储能阶段变工况运行使储气室级别发生变化时，释能阶段膨胀发电系统的级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组各级空气膨胀机处于额定工况点附近稳定运行，能够有效提高针对压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程的运行稳定性；能够有效提高膨胀发电效率，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行效率，在提高机组、系统及整个压缩空气储能电站运行效率的同时，有效提高各相关设备的运转安全性及稳定性，能够确保各相关设备的安全稳定运行；并能够有效提高压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程的运行可靠性，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行可靠性。It can be seen from the above description that the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station provided in the embodiment of the present application ensures the power generation of the entire compressed air energy storage power station by arranging the interstage reheating air expansion generator set and the heat storage medium subsystem. On the basis of operating efficiency, through the controllable series connection between each of the air expanders, each group of the reheated gas storage components is connected in parallel, and each of the reheated gas storage components includes a corresponding air expander. An inter-stage reheater connected in sequence is connected with an air storage chamber; each of the air storage chambers is respectively connected with each air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage one-to-one, and each of the above-mentioned stages The inter-stage reheat air expansion of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage can be realized when the inter-stage reheaters are respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem, which can realize the inter-stage reheat air expansion of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage when the operating condition changes in the energy storage stage and the level of the air storage chamber changes. The air expanders at all levels of the generator set operate stably near the rated operating point, which can effectively improve the operation stability of the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station; it can effectively improve the expansion power generation efficiency, and thus can effectively improve the entire compressed air energy storage. The operation efficiency of the power station, while improving the operation efficiency of the unit, system and the entire compressed air energy storage power station, effectively improves the operation safety and stability of the related equipment, and can ensure the safe and stable operation of the related equipment; and can effectively improve the compression The operation reliability of the expansion power generation process of the air energy storage power station can effectively improve the operation reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够适用于四级空气压缩机，能够提高压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电的可靠性，所述压缩空气储能电站内的空气压缩机031包括：第一级空气压缩机37、第二级空气压缩机38、第三级空气压缩机39和第四级空气压缩机40；相对应的，所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组01包括：第一级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组、第二级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组、第三级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组和第四级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组；所述空气膨胀机011包括：第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4；所述级间再热器012包括：第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13；所述储气室013包括：第一级储气室14、第二级储气室15、第三级储气室16和第四级储气室17。Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to make the expansion power generation system provided by the present application applicable to a four-stage air compressor, the expansion power generation of the compressed air energy storage power station can be improved. To ensure reliability, the air compressor 031 in the compressed air energy storage power station includes: a first-stage air compressor 37, a second-stage air compressor 38, a third-stage air compressor 39 and a fourth-stage air compressor 40 ; Correspondingly, the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set 01 includes: the first inter-stage reheating air expansion generating set, the second inter-stage reheating air expansion generating set, the third inter-stage reheating air expansion generating set An air expansion generator set and a fourth-stage reheated air expansion generator set; the air expander 011 includes: a first-stage air expander 1, a second-stage air expander 2, a third-stage air expander 3, and a first-stage air expander 1 Four-stage air expander 4; the inter-stage reheater 012 includes: a first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, a second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, a third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and a fourth stage Interstage reheater 13 ; the gas storage chamber 013 includes: a first-stage gas storage chamber 14 , a second-stage gas storage chamber 15 , a third-stage gas storage chamber 16 and a fourth-stage gas storage chamber 17 .
所述第一级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第一级空气膨胀机1，所述第一级空气膨胀机1经由依次连接的第一级级间再热器10和第一级储气室14连接至所述第一级空气压缩机37；所述第二级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第二级空气膨胀机2，所述第二级空气膨胀机2经由依次连接的第二级级间再热器11和第二级储气室15连接至所述第二级空气压缩机38；所述第三级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第三级空气膨胀机3，所述第三级空气膨胀机3经由依次连接的第三级级间再热器12和第三级储气室16连接至所述第三级空气压缩机39；所述第四级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第四级空气膨胀机4，所述第四级空气膨胀机4经由依次连接的第四级级间再热器13和第四级储气室17连接至所述第四级空气压缩机40；所述第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4依次连接；所述第一级空气膨胀机1与第二级空气膨胀机2之间设有第一离合器7；所述第二级空气膨胀机2与第三级空气膨胀机3之间设有第二离合器8；所述第三级空气膨胀机3与第四级空气膨胀机4之间设有第三离合器9。The first-stage reheating air expansion generator set includes: a first-stage air expander 1, which is connected via a first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 and a first-stage storage unit in sequence. The air chamber 14 is connected to the first-stage air compressor 37; the second-stage reheat air expansion generator set includes: a second-stage air expander 2, which is connected in sequence via The second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and the second-stage air storage chamber 15 are connected to the second-stage air compressor 38; the third-stage reheat air expansion generator set includes: a third-stage air expansion The third stage air expander 3 is connected to the third stage air compressor 39 via the third stage interstage reheater 12 and the third stage air storage chamber 16 connected in sequence; the fourth stage The inter-reheat air expansion generator set includes: a fourth-stage air expander 4, which is connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 via the sequentially connected fourth-stage air expansion machine 4 The fourth-stage air compressor 40; the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 are connected in sequence; A first clutch 7 is arranged between the stage air expander 1 and the second stage air expander 2; a second clutch 8 is arranged between the second stage air expander 2 and the third stage air expander 3; the A third clutch 9 is provided between the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高膨胀机的运行可靠性，进而能够提高压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电的可靠性，所述第一级空气膨胀机1与一齿轮箱减速器5的一端连接，且该齿轮箱减速器5的另一端连接至一发电机5。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the operational reliability of the expander, it can further improve the compressed air energy storage power station. For the reliability of expansion power generation, the first-stage air expander 1 is connected to one end of a gearbox reducer 5 , and the other end of the gearbox reducer 5 is connected to a generator 5 .
也就是说，所述压缩空气储能电站储能阶段的空气压缩机组共包含N级空气压缩机(N为正整数且N≥1)，则所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组主要包括空气膨胀机(共N级)、齿轮箱减速器(1台)、发电机(1台)、离合器 (共N‐第一级)、级间再热器(共N级)、储气室(共N级)、储气室出口调阀(共N级)、空气膨胀机进口切断阀(共N级)、空气膨胀机进口调阀(共N级)、空气膨胀机旁路调阀(共N级)、空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀(共N级)、各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀(1个)、空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀(共N级)、储气室进口隔离阀(共N级)、储气室出口隔离阀(共N级)、储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀(共N级)，以及各逆止阀、减压阀、管道、滤网、消声器、热工测点等。That is to say, the air compressor units in the energy storage stage of the compressed air energy storage power station include N-stage air compressors in total (N is a positive integer and N≥1), and the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator unit mainly includes Air expander (total N stages), gearbox reducer (1 set), generator (1 set), clutch (total N-first stage), inter-stage reheater (total N stage), air storage chamber ( A total of N grades), air storage chamber outlet regulating valve (total N grades), air expander inlet shut-off valve (total N grades), air expander inlet regulating valves (total N grades), air expander bypass regulating valves (total N grades) Class N), air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve (total N class), all levels of air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve (1), air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve (total N class), air storage Chamber inlet isolation valve (total N grades), air storage chamber outlet isolation valve (total N grades), air storage chamber supply air expander sealing air outlet isolation valve (total N grades), as well as various check valves, pressure reducing valves, Pipes, filters, mufflers, thermal measuring points, etc.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电过程中储热可靠性，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行可靠性，所述储热介质子系统包括第一高温储热介质泵30、第二高温储热介质泵31、高温储热介质罐32和低温储热介质罐33；所述第一高温储热介质泵30分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13的进口侧；所述第二高温储热介质泵31为所述第一高温储热介质泵30的备用介质泵，该第二高温储热介质泵31也分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13的进口侧；所述高温储热介质罐32分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13的进口侧；所述低温储热介质罐33分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13的出口侧。Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the heat storage reliability in the expansion power generation process for the compressed air energy storage power station, Further, the operation reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station can be effectively improved. The heat storage medium subsystem includes a first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30, a second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31, a high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and a low temperature storage medium. The heat medium tank 33; the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 is respectively connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and The inlet side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13; the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is the backup medium pump of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30, and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is also separately Connected to the inlet side of the first-stage interstage reheater 10, the second-stage interstage reheater 11, the third-stage interstage reheater 12, and the fourth-stage interstage reheater 13; the high temperature The heat storage medium tanks 32 are respectively connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 , the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 , the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 . Inlet side; the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 is connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage interstage reheater 12, respectively The outlet side of the intermediate reheater 13.
也就是说，所述储热介质子系统主要包括高温储热介质泵(2台，一用一备，分别为第一和第二，其电动机均带有变频器)、高温储热介质罐(1个)、低温储热介质罐(1个)、高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀(2个，每泵1个)、高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀(2个，每泵1个)、高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀(1个)、高温储热介质泵再循环调阀(1个)、级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀(共N级)、级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀(共N级)、级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀(共N级)，以及各逆止阀、管道、滤网、热工测点等。That is to say, the heat storage medium subsystem mainly includes high-temperature heat storage medium pumps (two sets, one for use and one for standby, the first and the second, and the motors of which are equipped with frequency converters), high-temperature heat storage medium tanks ( 1), low temperature heat storage medium tank (1), high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve (2, 1 per pump), high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve (2, 1 per pump), High temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve (1), high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve (1), interstage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve (total N stages), interstage reheat The inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater (a total of N grades), the outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater (a total of N grades), as well as various check valves, pipes, filters, thermal measuring points, etc.
由于风、光等可再生能源的不确定性，在储能阶段输入所述压缩空气储能电站的电能会产生大幅频繁波动，受其影响，储能阶段所述空气压缩机组也会随之变工况运行。因此根据储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级不同，释能阶段所述膨胀发电系统运行的所述空气膨胀机和级间再热器级数也不同。在一实施例中，所述压缩空气储能电站储能阶段所述空气压缩机组共包含N级所述空气压缩机，则储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级可有第1～N级，因此释能阶段所述膨胀发电系统的运行工况也分别对应有第1～N级。假定储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级为第W级(1≤W≤N，W为正整数)，即储能阶段第1～W级所述空气压缩机运行且生成的压缩空气全部存储于第W级所述储气室，则释能阶段所述膨胀发电系统第1～W级所述空气膨胀机和级间再热器共同运行，即第W级运行工况(W的值越高，则对应所述空气膨胀机和级间再热器的运行压力越高)。综上，储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级共有N种，则释能阶段所述膨胀发电系统的运行工况也共有N种。Due to the uncertainty of renewable energy sources such as wind and light, the electrical energy input to the compressed air energy storage power station during the energy storage phase will fluctuate greatly and frequently. Affected by this, the air compressor unit will also change accordingly during the energy storage phase. operating conditions. Therefore, according to the different compressed air storage pressure levels in the energy storage stage, the number of stages of the air expanders and interstage reheaters operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is also different. In one embodiment, the compressed air energy storage power station in the energy storage stage of the air compressor group includes N stages of the air compressors, and the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage may have the first to N stages, so it is The operating conditions of the expansion power generation system in the energy stage also correspond to the first to N stages, respectively. Assume that the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the Wth stage (1≤W≤N, W is a positive integer), that is, the air compressors in the first to W stages of the energy storage stage are running and the compressed air generated is all stored in the first stage. In the W-level air storage chamber, the air expanders and the inter-stage reheaters in the first to W stages of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage work together, that is, the W-th stage operating condition (the higher the value of W, the higher the value of W). the higher the operating pressure of the air expander and the interstage reheater). To sum up, there are N kinds of compressed air storage pressure levels in the energy storage stage, and N kinds of operating conditions of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3、第四级空气膨胀机4、第一离合器7、第二离合器8、第三离合器9和齿轮箱减速器5的运行可靠性，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统还包括：常规润滑油系统；所述常规润滑油系统用于为第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3、第四级空气膨胀机4、第一离合器7、第二离合器8、第三离合器9和齿轮箱减速器5提供润滑和冷却用油。Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, Operational reliability of the third stage air expander 3, the fourth stage air expander 4, the first clutch 7, the second clutch 8, the third clutch 9 and the gearbox reducer 5, which are used in the compressed air energy storage power station The expansion power generation system also includes: a conventional lubricating oil system; the conventional lubricating oil system is used to expand the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3, and the fourth-stage air expander The engine 4 , the first clutch 7 , the second clutch 8 , the third clutch 9 and the gearbox reducer 5 provide lubricating and cooling oil.
基于上述内容，为了有效提高润滑油系统的应用可靠性，所述常规润滑油系统包括：润滑油箱18，以及分别设置在该润滑油箱18内的第一交流润滑油泵19、第二交流润滑油泵20、直流事故油泵21和用于加热所述润滑油箱18的油箱电加热器22；所述第一交流润滑油泵19、第二交流润滑油泵20和直流事故油泵21均连接至第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3、第四级空气膨胀机4、第一离合器7、第二离合器8、第三离合器9和齿轮箱减速器5。Based on the above, in order to effectively improve the application reliability of the lubricating oil system, the conventional lubricating oil system includes: a lubricating oil tank 18 , and a first alternating-current lubricating oil pump 19 and a second alternating-current lubricating oil pump 20 respectively disposed in the lubricating oil tank 18 , a DC accident oil pump 21 and an electric oil tank heater 22 for heating the lubricating oil tank 18; the first AC lubricating oil pump 19, the second AC lubricating oil pump 20 and the DC accident oil pump 21 are all connected to the first stage air expander 1. Second stage air expander 2, third stage air expander 3, fourth stage air expander 4, first clutch 7, second clutch 8, third clutch 9 and gearbox reducer 5.
基于上述内容，为了进一步提高润滑油系统的应用可靠性，所述常规润滑油系统还包括：与所述润滑油箱18连接且用于净化所述润滑油箱18内润滑油的润滑油净化装置23，以及，与所述润滑油箱18分别连接的第一排油烟风机24和第二排油烟风机25；所述常规润滑油系统还包括：分别与所述润滑油箱18连接的润滑油过滤器26、润滑油冷却器27和蓄能器28；所述润滑油过滤器26与所述润滑油冷却器27连接，且所述润滑油冷却器27经由润滑油压力调节阀V54分别连接至第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3、第四级空气膨胀机4、第一离合器7、第二离合器8、第三离合器9和齿轮箱减速器5；所述润滑油压力调节阀V54、所述润滑油箱 18和所述润滑油冷却器27均连接至润滑油温度调节阀V55。Based on the above content, in order to further improve the application reliability of the lubricating oil system, the conventional lubricating oil system further includes: a lubricating oil purifying device 23 connected to the lubricating oil tank 18 and used for purifying the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 18, And, the first exhaust fume fan 24 and the second exhaust fume fan 25 are respectively connected with the lubricating oil tank 18; the conventional lubricating oil system further includes: lubricating oil filters 26 connected with the lubricating oil tank 18, lubricating oil Oil cooler 27 and accumulator 28; the lubricating oil filter 26 is connected to the lubricating oil cooler 27, and the lubricating oil cooler 27 is respectively connected to the first stage air expansion via the lubricating oil pressure regulating valve V54 machine 1, second stage air expander 2, third stage air expander 3, fourth stage air expander 4, first clutch 7, second clutch 8, third clutch 9 and gearbox reducer 5; the The lubricating oil pressure regulating valve V54, the lubricating oil tank 18 and the lubricating oil cooler 27 are all connected to the lubricating oil temperature regulating valve V55.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系的冷却可靠性，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行可靠性，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统还包括：常规厂用冷却水系统29；所述常规厂用冷却水系统29分别与所述第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31连接；所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述润滑油冷却器27的第一个冷却水进口之间的连接管道上设有第一润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀V46，所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述润滑油冷却器27的第一个冷却水出口之间的连接管道上设有第一润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀V47；所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述润滑油冷却器27的第二个冷却水进口之间的连接管道上设有第二润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀V48，所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述润滑油冷却器27的第二个冷却水出口之间的连接管道上设有第二润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀V49。Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the cooling reliability of the expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, Further, the operation reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station can be effectively improved. The expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station further includes: a conventional factory cooling water system 29; the conventional factory cooling water system 29 is The first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 are connected; the connecting pipe between the conventional plant cooling water system 29 and the first cooling water inlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27 There is a first lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V46 on it, and a first lubricating oil is provided on the connecting pipe between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the first cooling water outlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27 Cooling water outlet isolation valve V47; a second lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V48 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the second cooling water inlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27, A second lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valve V49 is provided on the connecting pipe between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the second cooling water outlet of the lubricating oil cooler 27 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系的氮气可靠性，进而能够有效提高整个压缩空气储能电站的运行可靠性，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，还包括：第一常规氮气密封装置35和第二常规氮气密封装置36；所述第一常规氮气密封装置35连接至所述高温储热介质罐32，且该第一常规氮气密封装置35还连接至第一个常规制氮系统34，且所述第一常规氮气密封装置35与第一个常规制氮系统34之间设有第一常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀V26；所述第二常规氮气密封装置36连接至所述低温储热介质罐33，且该第二常规氮气密封装置36还连接至第二个常规制氮系统34，且所述第二常规氮气密封装置36与第二个常规制氮系统34之间设有第二常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀V27；所述第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4分别连接至各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀，且所述各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀与第三个常规制氮系统34连接。Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the nitrogen reliability of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, Further, the operation reliability of the entire compressed air energy storage power station can be effectively improved. The expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station further includes: a first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and a second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36; the The first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 is connected to the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32, and the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 is also connected to the first conventional nitrogen generating system 34, and the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 is connected with the A first conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V26 is provided between the first conventional nitrogen production system 34; the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36 is connected to the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33, and the second conventional nitrogen sealing device is sealed The device 36 is also connected to the second conventional nitrogen production system 34, and a second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V27 is provided between the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36 and the second conventional nitrogen production system 34; the The first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3, and the fourth-stage air expander 4 are respectively connected to the isolation air inlet isolation main valve of the air expander at each stage, and the The stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation master valve is connected to the third conventional nitrogen production system 34 .
也就是说，常规润滑油系统，及常规厂用冷却水系统，及常规制氮系统，及常规氮气密封装置(所述高、低温储热介质罐各一个，分别为第一和第二)即可为所述膨胀发电系统提供满足参数需求的各类辅助工质。常规润滑油系统可为第1～N级所述空气膨胀机，及第一～#N-1所述离合器，及所述齿轮箱减速器提供润滑和冷却用油，常规润滑油系统主要包括：润滑油箱(1个)、交流润滑油泵(2台，一用一备，分别为第一和第二)、直流事故油泵(1台)、油箱电加热器(1套)、润滑油净化装置(1套)、排油烟风机(2台，一用一备，分别为第一和第二)、润滑油过滤器(1套，双联式可切换)、润滑油冷却器(1套，双联式可切换)、蓄能器(1套)、润滑油压力调节阀(1个)、润滑油温度调节阀(1个)，以及各逆止阀、管道、滤网、热工测点等；常规厂用冷却水系统可为润滑油冷却器，及第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵提供冷却水，并在润滑油冷却器两支冷却水进口管道上分别布置有第一、第二润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀，在润滑油冷却器两支冷却水出口管道上分别布置有第一、第二润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀，在第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的冷却水进口管道上分别布置有第一、第二高温储热介质泵冷却水进口隔离阀，在第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的冷却水出口管道上分别布置有第一、第二高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀；常规制氮系统可为第一、第二常规氮气密封装置提供稳定充气气源，另外还为第1～N级所述空气膨胀机提供稳定隔离风气源用于隔绝空气和润滑油；第一、第二常规氮气密封装置既可满足所述高、低温储热介质罐运行压力的需求，又可使储热介质与空气隔离以提高储热介质使用寿命，第一、第二常规氮气密封装置进口管道上分别布置有第一、第二常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀，其中本申请实施例中提及的离合器均可以采用SSS离合器。That is to say, a conventional lubricating oil system, a conventional plant cooling water system, a conventional nitrogen production system, and a conventional nitrogen sealing device (one for each of the high and low temperature heat storage medium tanks, respectively the first and the second) are Various auxiliary working fluids that meet the parameter requirements can be provided for the expansion power generation system. The conventional lubricating oil system can provide lubricating and cooling oil for the air expanders of the first to N stages, the clutches of the first to #N-1, and the gearbox reducer. The conventional lubricating oil system mainly includes: Lubricating oil tank (1 set), AC lubricating oil pump (2 sets, one for use and one for standby, respectively the first and second), DC accident oil pump (1 set), fuel tank electric heater (1 set), lubricating oil purification device ( 1 set), fume exhaust fan (2 sets, one for use and one for standby, respectively the first and second), lubricating oil filter (1 set, double-connected switchable), lubricating oil cooler (1 set, double-connected) type switchable), accumulator (1 set), lubricating oil pressure regulating valve (1), lubricating oil temperature regulating valve (1), and various check valves, pipes, filters, thermal measuring points, etc.; The conventional factory cooling water system can provide cooling water for the lubricating oil cooler and the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps, and the first and second cooling water inlet pipes are respectively arranged on the two cooling water inlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler. Two lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valves, the first and second lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valves are respectively arranged on the two cooling water outlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler. The cooling water inlet pipes of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps are respectively arranged with cooling water inlet isolation valves, and the cooling water outlet pipes of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps are respectively arranged with first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps. The second high-temperature heat storage medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve; the conventional nitrogen production system can provide a stable inflation gas source for the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing devices, and also provide stable isolation for the air expanders of the first to N stages The air source is used to isolate air and lubricating oil; the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing devices can not only meet the operating pressure requirements of the high and low temperature heat storage medium tanks, but also isolate the heat storage medium from the air to improve the heat storage medium. Service life, the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet pipes are respectively arranged with the first and second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valves, wherein the clutches mentioned in the embodiments of this application can all use SSS clutches.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对第一级空气膨胀机1的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述第一级空气压缩机37经由第一级储气室进口隔离阀V56连接至所述第一级储气室14；所述第一级储气室14经由依次连接的第一级储气室出口隔离阀V60和第一级储气室出口调阀V1连接至所述第一级级间再热器10；所述第一级级间再热器10经由依次连接的第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2和第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3连接至所述第一级空气膨胀机1；所述第一级级间再热器10还经由依次连接的第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V35和第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V34连接至所述储热介质子系统；所述第一级空气膨胀机1与一个消声器连接，且所述第一级级间再热器10与所述第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2之间设有第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4，该第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4连接至所述第一级空气膨胀机1对应的消声器。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the control automation degree, stability and stability of the first-stage air expander 1 Effectiveness, the first-stage air compressor 37 is connected to the first-stage air storage chamber 14 via the first-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V56; the first-stage air storage chamber 14 is connected via the first-stage air storage chamber The first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60 and the first-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V1 are connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10; the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 is connected via the first-stage inter-stage reheater The first stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2 and the first stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 are connected to the first stage air expander 1; the first stage interstage reheater 10 is also connected via the first stage The heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V35 of the inter-stage reheater and the first-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V34 are connected to the heat storage medium subsystem; the first-stage air expander 1 is connected to the A muffler is connected, and a first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 is provided between the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 and the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2. The expander bypass regulating valve V4 is connected to the corresponding muffler of the first-stage air expander 1 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对第二级空气膨胀机2的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述第二级空气压缩机38经由第二级储气室进口隔离阀V57连接至所述第二级储气室15；所述第二级储气室15经由依次连接的第二级储气室出口隔离阀V61和第二级储气室出口调阀V5连接至所述第二级级间再热器11；所述第二级级间再热器11经由依次连接的第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6和第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7连接至所述第二级空气膨胀机2；所述第二级级间再热器11还经由依次连接的第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V38和第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V37连接至所述储热介质子系统；所述第二级空气膨胀机2与一个消声器连接，且所述第二级级间再热器11与所述第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6之间设有第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8，该第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8连接至所述第二级空气膨胀机2对应的消声器。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the degree of control automation, stability and stability of the second-stage air expander 2 Effectiveness, the second-stage air compressor 38 is connected to the second-stage air storage chamber 15 via the second-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V57; The first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V61 and the second-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5 are connected to the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11; the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 is connected via a second The first stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V6 and the second stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 are connected to the second stage air expander 2; the second stage interstage reheater 11 is also connected via the second stage The heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38 of the inter-stage reheater and the second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V37 are connected to the heat storage medium subsystem; the second-stage air expander 2 is connected to the heat storage medium subsystem. A muffler is connected, and a second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8 is provided between the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and the second-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V6. The expander bypass regulating valve V8 is connected to the corresponding muffler of the second-stage air expander 2 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对第三级空气膨胀机3的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述第三级空气压缩机39经由第三级储气室进口隔离阀V58连接至所述第三级储气室16；所述第三级储气室16经由依次连接的第三级储气室出口隔离阀V62和第三级储气室出口调阀V9连接至所述第三级级间再热器12；所述第三级级间再热器12经由依次连接的第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10和第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀V11连接至所述第三级空气膨胀机3；所述第三级级间再热器12还经由依次连接的第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V41和第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V40连接至所述储热介质子系统；所述第三级空气膨胀机3与一个消声器连接，且所述第三级级间再热器12与所述第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10之间设有第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12，该第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12连接至所述第三级空气膨胀机3对应的消声器。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the degree of control automation, stability and stability of the third-stage air expander 3 Effectiveness, the third-stage air compressor 39 is connected to the third-stage air storage chamber 16 via the third-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V58; The first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V62 and the third-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 are connected to the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12; the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 is connected via a third The stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10 and the third stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 are connected to the third stage air expander 3; the third stage interstage reheater 12 is also connected via the third stage The heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V41 of the inter-stage reheater and the third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V40 are connected to the heat storage medium subsystem; the third-stage air expander 3 is connected to the A muffler is connected, and a third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 is provided between the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10. The expander bypass regulating valve V12 is connected to the corresponding muffler of the third-stage air expander 3 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对第四级空气膨胀机4的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述第四级空气压缩机40经由第四级储气室进口隔离阀V59连接至所述第四级储气室17；所述第四级储气室17经由依次连接的第四级储气室出口隔离阀V63和第四级储气室出口调阀V13连接至所述第四级级间再热器13；所述第四级级间再热器13经由依次连接的第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V14和第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀V15连接至所述第四级空气膨胀机4；所述第四级级间再热器13还经由依次连接的第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V44和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V43连接至所述储热介质子系统；所述第四级空气膨胀机4与一个消声器连接，且所述第四级级间再热器13与所述第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V14之间设有第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16，该第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16连接至所述第四级空气膨胀机4对应的消声器。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the control automation degree, stability and stability of the fourth-stage air expander 4 Effectiveness, the fourth-stage air compressor 40 is connected to the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 via the fourth-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V59; the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 is connected via the fourth-stage air storage chamber. The first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13 are connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13; the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 is connected via the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater The stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14 and the fourth stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15 are connected to the fourth stage air expander 4; the fourth stage interstage reheater 13 is also connected via the fourth stage The heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V44 of the inter-stage reheater and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V43 are connected to the heat storage medium subsystem; the fourth-stage air expander 4 is connected to the A muffler is connected, and a fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16 is provided between the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 and the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14. The expander bypass regulating valve V16 is connected to the corresponding muffler of the fourth-stage air expander 4 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对空气膨胀机隔离风进口的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统还包括：分别与所述各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀并联的第一级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V22、第二级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V23、第三级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V24和第四级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V25；所述第一级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V22连接至所述第一离合器7与所述第一级空气膨胀机1之间的管道；所述第二级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V23连接至所述第一离合器7与所述第二级空气膨胀机2之间的管道；所述第三级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V24连接至所述第三离合器9与所述第三级空气膨胀机3之间的管道；所述第四级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V25连接至所述第三离合器9与所述第四级空气膨胀机4之间的管道。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the degree of automation, stability and effectiveness of the control of the isolated wind inlet of the air expander The expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station further comprises: a first-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22, a second air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22, a second air expansion isolation valve, which are respectively connected in parallel with the air expander isolation air inlet isolation master valves at all levels. The first-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V23, the third-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V24, and the fourth-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V25; the first-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22 is connected to the pipeline between the first clutch 7 and the first stage air expander 1; the second stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V23 is connected to the first clutch 7 and the first stage air expander 1 The pipeline between the secondary air expanders 2; the isolation air inlet isolation valve V24 of the third stage air expander is connected to the pipeline between the third clutch 9 and the third stage air expander 3; the The fourth stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V25 is connected to the pipe between the third clutch 9 and the fourth stage air expander 4 .
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对空气膨胀机密封风进口的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统还包括：并联的第一级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V17、第二级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V18、第三级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V19和第四级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V20；所述第一级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V17连接至所述第一离合器7与所述第一级空气膨胀机1之间的管道；所述第二级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V18连接至所述第一离合器7与所述第二级空气膨胀机2之间的管道；所述第三级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V19连接至所述第三离合器9与所述第三级空气膨胀机3之间的管道；所述第四级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V20连接至所述第三离合器9与所述第四级空气膨胀机4之间的管道。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the degree of automation, stability and effectiveness of the control of the air expansion machine sealed air inlet The expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station also includes: a first-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V17, a second-stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V18, a third-stage air Expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 and fourth stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V20; the first stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V17 is connected to the first clutch 7 and the first stage The pipeline between the air expander 1; the second stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V18 is connected to the pipeline between the first clutch 7 and the second stage air expander 2; the third stage air expander The stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 is connected to the pipeline between the third clutch 9 and the third stage air expander 3; the fourth stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V20 is connected to the The pipeline between the third clutch 9 and the fourth stage air expander 4.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对空气膨胀机密封风出口的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统还包括：并联的第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V64、第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V65、第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V66和第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V67；所述第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V64与所述第一级储气室14连接；所述第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V65与所述第二级储气室15连接；所述第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V66与所述第三级储气室16连接；所述第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V67与所述第四级储气室17连接。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the degree of automation, stability and effectiveness of the control of the sealed air outlet of the air expander The expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station also includes: the air outlet isolation valve V64 for the air-supply expander in the first-stage air storage chamber, and the sealing air outlet for the air-supplying expander in the second-stage air storage chamber. Isolation valve V65, isolation valve V66 for sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine in the third stage air storage chamber and isolation valve V67 for the sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine in the fourth stage air storage chamber; the first stage air storage chamber supplies air expansion machine The sealing air outlet isolation valve V64 is connected to the first-stage air storage chamber 14; the second-stage air storage chamber supplies air to the expander sealed air outlet isolation valve V65 is connected to the second-stage air storage chamber 15; The isolation valve V66 of the sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine of the third-stage air storage chamber is connected to the third-stage air storage chamber 16; The fourth-stage gas storage chamber 17 is connected.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对级间再热器储热介质侧出口的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，并联的第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V36、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V39、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V42和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V45；所述第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V36与所述第一级级间再热器10连接；所述第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V39与所述第二级级间再热器11连接；所述第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V42与所述第三级级间再热器12连接；所述第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V45与所述第四级级间再热器13连接。Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the degree of automation of the control of the heat storage medium side outlet of the interstage reheater, Stability and effectiveness, the first-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V36, the second-stage inter-stage reheater heat-storage medium side outlet isolation valve V39, the third-stage inter-stage reheater in parallel Heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V42 and fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V45; the first-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V36 and the first stage The inter-stage reheater 10 is connected; the heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V39 of the second-stage inter-stage reheater is connected with the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11; the third-stage inter-stage reheater The heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V42 is connected to the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12; the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V45 is connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater device 13 is connected.
参见图2，在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，为了使得本申请提供的膨胀发电系统能够有效提高针对常规厂用冷却水系统29与高温储热介质泵的控制自动化程度、稳定性及有效性，所述第一高温储热介质泵30与所述高温储热介质罐32之间设有第一高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V28，所述第二高温储热介质泵31与所述高温储热介质罐32之间设有第二高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V30；所述第一高温储热介质泵30经由第一高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V29分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13的进口侧；所述第二高温储热介质泵31经由第二高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V31分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13的进口侧；所述高温储热介质罐32与所述第一高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V29之间依次连接有高温储热介质泵再循环调阀V33和高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀V32；所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述第一高温储热介质泵30的进口侧之间连接有第一高温储热介质泵冷却水进口隔离阀V50，所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述第二高温储热介质泵31的进口侧之间连接有第二高温储热介质泵冷却水进口隔离阀V52；所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述第一高温储热介质泵30的出口侧之间连接有第一高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀V51，所述常规厂用冷却水系统29与所述第二高温储热介质泵31的出口侧之间连接有第二高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀V53。Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, in order to enable the expansion power generation system provided by the present application to effectively improve the control of the conventional plant cooling water system 29 and the high-temperature heat storage medium pump The degree of automation, stability and effectiveness, a first high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V28 is provided between the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32, and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump V28. A second high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V30 is provided between the heat medium pump 31 and the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 ; the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 passes through the first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29 is connected to the inlet side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13, respectively; The second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is respectively connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 , the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 , and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 11 via the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V31 The inlet side of the inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13; a high-temperature heat storage medium is sequentially connected between the high-temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29 Pump recirculation regulating valve V33 and high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32; a first high temperature heat storage medium is connected between the conventional plant cooling water system 29 and the inlet side of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 Medium pump cooling water inlet isolation valve V50, a second high temperature heat storage medium pump cooling water inlet isolation valve V52 is connected between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the inlet side of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31; A first high-temperature heat storage medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve V51 is connected between the conventional factory cooling water system 29 and the outlet side of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30. The conventional factory cooling water system 29 A cooling water outlet isolation valve V53 of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump is connected to the outlet side of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 .
也就是说，在所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组中，第W级所述储气室用于存储第W级所述空气压缩机出口排出的高压空气；在一实施例中，释能阶段第W级运行工况下第W级所述储气室为第1～W级所述空气膨胀机提供做功发电的高压空气。That is to say, in the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set, the air storage chamber of the Wth stage is used to store the high-pressure air discharged from the outlet of the air compressor of the Wth stage; Under the operating condition of the Wth stage in the energy stage, the air storage chamber of the Wth stage provides the air expanders of the first to W stages with high-pressure air for power generation.
由第W级所述空气压缩机的出口管道引出的第W级所述储气室进口管道上依次布置有第W级所述储气室进口隔离阀、滤网、逆止阀，全关所述储气室进口隔离阀可使所述储气室与储能阶段所述空气压缩机隔离以防空气压缩机的操作对储气室产生影响，滤网用于去除所述空气压缩机出口高压空气所含杂质，逆止阀可防止所述储气室内高压空气倒流进入所述空气压缩机。The inlet pipeline of the air storage chamber of the W-th stage led from the outlet pipeline of the air compressor of the W-th stage is sequentially arranged with the inlet isolation valve, the filter screen and the check valve of the air-storage chamber of the W-th stage. The air storage chamber inlet isolation valve can isolate the air storage chamber from the air compressor in the energy storage stage to prevent the operation of the air compressor from affecting the air storage chamber, and the filter screen is used to remove the high pressure at the outlet of the air compressor. For impurities contained in the air, the check valve can prevent the high-pressure air in the air storage chamber from flowing backwards into the air compressor.
第W级所述储气室出口隔离阀布置在第W级所述储气室的出口管道上，全关第W级所述储气室出口隔离阀可使第W级所述储气室停止向下游供气。第W级所述储气室出口调阀布置在第W级所述储气室出口隔离阀下游，第W级所述储气室出口调阀用于调节第W级级间再热器出口空气压力。第W级所述级间再热器为表面式换热器，内部由空气侧(升温)和储热介质侧(降温)构成，空气侧布置在第W级所述储气室出口调阀下游，空气侧出口管道上布置有滤网用于去除高压空气所含杂质。The outlet isolation valve of the air storage chamber at the W stage is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air storage chamber at the W stage, and closing the outlet isolation valve of the air storage chamber at the W stage can stop the air storage chamber at the W stage. Supply air downstream. The W-th plenum outlet regulating valve is arranged downstream of the W-th plenum outlet isolation valve, and the W-th plenum outlet regulating valve is used to regulate the W-th inter-stage reheater outlet air pressure. The inter-stage reheater of the Wth stage is a surface heat exchanger, and the interior is composed of an air side (heating) and a heat storage medium side (cooling), and the air side is arranged downstream of the air storage chamber outlet regulating valve of the Wth stage , A filter screen is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air side to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air.
滤网下游分为两路，一路为所述空气膨胀机的进口管道，第W级所述空气膨胀机的进口管道上依次布置有第W级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀、第W级所述空气膨胀机进口调阀。在事故或正常停运阶段快速全关第W级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀、调阀可停止第W级所述空气膨胀机继续进气以防影响转子正常惰走；在第一级运行工况下第一级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀全开，第一级所述空气膨胀机进口调阀则用于调节第一级所述空气膨胀机转子升速和 负荷升降；在第Y(1<Y≤N，Y为正整数)级运行工况下第Y级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀全开，第Y级所述空气膨胀机进口调阀则用于调节第1～Y级所述空气膨胀机转子升速和负荷升降，同时第1～Y‐第一级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀，及第1～Y‐第一级所述空气膨胀机进口调阀全开。The downstream of the filter screen is divided into two paths, one is the inlet pipe of the air expander, and the inlet pipe of the air expander of the W-th grade is sequentially arranged with the air-expander inlet cut-off valve of the W-th grade, and the air-expander of the W-th grade. The air expander inlet regulating valve. In the stage of accident or normal outage, the shut-off valve and regulating valve at the inlet of the air expander of the W-th stage can be quickly and fully closed to stop the air-expander of the W-th stage and continue to enter the air to prevent the rotor from idling normally; run in the first stage Under the working conditions, the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve is fully open, and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve is used to adjust the first-stage air expander rotor speed and load lift; (1<Y≤N, Y is a positive integer) under the operating conditions of the stage Y At the same time, the air expander inlet shut-off valve of the 1st to Y-first stage and the air expander inlet regulating valve of the 1st to Y-first stage are fully opened. .
滤网下游另一路为所述空气膨胀机的旁路管道，第W级所述空气膨胀机的旁路管道上依次布置有第W级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀、逆止阀、消声器。在第一级运行工况下所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前第一级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀用于第一级所述空气膨胀机的进气参数快速确立，在第Y级运行工况下所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前第Y级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀用于第Y级所述空气膨胀机的进气参数快速确立同时第1～Y‐第一级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀全关，并且在事故或正常停运阶段快速全开第W级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀可使第W级所述空气膨胀机的机前气压快速泄放以防第W级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀和调阀严密性较差影响机组停运；逆止阀可防止外界大气倒流；出口与外界大气相通的消声器用于缓解旁路管道排气噪声。第W级所述空气膨胀机的出口管道上布置有可防止下游气体倒流进入空气膨胀机的逆止阀。The other path downstream of the filter screen is the bypass pipeline of the air expander. The bypass pipeline of the air expander of the Wth stage is sequentially arranged with the bypass valve, check valve and muffler of the air expander of the Wth stage. . Under the first-stage operating condition, before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set starts, the air-expander bypass valve of the first-stage is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the air-expander of the first-stage, Under the operating condition of the Y-th stage, the air-expander bypass regulating valve of the Y-th stage is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the Y-th stage of the air expander before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set starts. The air expander bypass regulating valve of the first to Y-first stage is fully closed, and the air expander bypass regulating valve of the W-th stage is quickly fully opened during the accident or normal shutdown stage. The air pressure in front of the air expander is quickly released to prevent the air expander inlet shut-off valve and regulating valve of the W-th stage from being less tight and affecting the shutdown of the unit; the check valve can prevent the backflow of the outside atmosphere; the outlet is connected to the outside atmosphere. The muffler is used to mitigate the exhaust noise of the bypass duct. A check valve is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air expander in the W-th stage, which can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backward into the air expander.
所述空气膨胀机设置有密封风管道，密封风管道根据气源的不同分为所述储气室的供密封风管道和自密封管道，在所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前期和停运惰走阶段，由于自密封气源压力过低且不稳定，密封风气源由所述储气室提供；随着机组启动过程进行，自密封气源压力逐渐正常，密封风气源由所述储气室逐渐过渡到自密封提供。The air expander is provided with a sealed air duct, and the sealed air duct is divided into a sealed air duct and a self-sealed duct of the air storage chamber according to different air sources. During the idle running and shutdown stages, since the pressure of the self-sealing air source is too low and unstable, the sealed air source is provided by the air storage chamber; as the unit starts up, the pressure of the self-sealing air source gradually becomes normal, and the sealed air source is provided by the The plenum is provided with a gradual transition to self-sealing.
所述储气室的供密封风管道由N支所述储气室的引出管道及N支空气膨胀机的密封风分配管道组成，第W级所述储气室的引出管道上布置有第W级所述储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀，N支所述储气室的引出管道汇合后通过滤网再分配给第1～N级空气膨胀机，在所述膨胀发电系统启动或停运期间，第W级运行工况下全开第W级所述储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀、全关其他所述储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀可使密封风全部由第W级所述储气室提供，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流进入所述储气室，滤网用于去除高压空气所含杂质；第W级所述空气膨胀机的密封风分配管道上依次布置有第W级所述空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀、减压阀、逆止阀，全关第W级所述空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀可切断第W级所述空气膨胀机来自所述储气室的密封风供应，减压阀用于将来自所述储气室的密封风气压降至第一预设压力以满足第W级所述空气膨胀机在升转速及低负荷阶段的密封需求，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流。The air supply and sealing duct of the air storage chamber is composed of N outgoing pipes of the air storage chamber and N air-tight air distribution pipes of the air expander. The air outlet isolation valve of the air supply expansion machine in the air storage chamber of the first stage is sealed, and the outlet pipes of the N air storage chambers are merged and distributed to the air expanders of the first to N stages through the filter screen, and the expansion power generation system is started. Or during outage, under the W-th operating condition, fully open the air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve of the W-th air storage chamber, and fully close the sealing air outlet isolation valve of the other air storage chamber air supply expansion machines. All the sealing air is provided by the air storage chamber of the W stage, the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing back into the air storage chamber, and the filter screen is used to remove the impurities contained in the high-pressure air; the air expander of the W stage The sealing air distribution pipeline is arranged with the air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve, pressure reducing valve and check valve in order. The air expander is supplied with sealing air from the air storage chamber, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the air pressure of the sealing air from the air storage chamber to the first preset pressure to meet the requirements of the W-th stage of the air expander. To meet the sealing requirements of high speed and low load stage, the check valve can prevent the back flow of downstream gas.
第W级自密封管道由第W级所述储气室出口调阀的下游管道引出，第W级自密封管道上依次布置有滤网、减压阀、逆止阀，第W级所述空气膨胀机的密封风分配管道出口与第W级自密封管道出口汇合后进入第W级所述空气膨胀机，滤网用于去除高压空气所含杂质，减压阀用于将经第W级所述储气室出口调阀节流后的密封风气压降至第二预设压力以满足第W级所述空气膨胀机在高负荷阶段的自密封需求(在一实施例中，第一预设压力和第二预设压力的具体数值由所述空气膨胀机的级别决定，且第W级所述空气膨胀机的第二预设压力稍大于第一预设压力可使密封风气源随着第W级所述储气室出口调阀下游气压的升高自动由所述储气室切换为自密封)，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流。The W-level self-sealing pipeline is led out from the downstream pipeline of the air storage chamber outlet regulating valve in the W-level. The W-level self-sealing pipeline is sequentially arranged with a filter screen, a pressure reducing valve, and a check valve. The W-level air The outlet of the sealing air distribution pipe of the expander and the outlet of the self-sealing pipe of the W-th grade are merged into the air expander of the W-th grade. The filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air, and the pressure reducing valve is used to The air pressure of the sealing air after being throttled by the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber is reduced to the second preset pressure to meet the self-sealing requirement of the W-th air expander in the high load stage (in one embodiment, the first preset pressure The specific values of the pressure and the second preset pressure are determined by the level of the air expander, and the second preset pressure of the air expander in the W-th stage is slightly higher than the first preset pressure, so that the sealing air source can follow the first preset pressure. The rise of the air pressure downstream of the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber of the W level is automatically switched from the air storage chamber to self-sealing), and the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backward.
第W级所述空气膨胀机设置有隔离风总管道及N支分管道，隔离风总管道上依次布置有所述各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀、滤网、减压阀，全关所述各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀可切断常规制氮系统对隔离风的供应，滤网用于去除氮气所含杂质，减压阀用于将来自常规制氮系统的隔离风气压降至第三预设压力；第W级所述空气膨胀机的隔离风分管道上依次布置有第W级所述空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀、逆止阀，全关第W级所述空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀可切断隔离风对第W级所述空气膨胀机的供应，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流。The air expander of the W-th stage is provided with an isolation air main pipeline and N branch pipelines. The isolation air main pipeline is sequentially arranged with the isolation air inlet isolation valve, filter screen and pressure reducing valve of the air expander at all levels. Closing the isolation main valve at the isolation air inlet of the air expanders at all levels can cut off the supply of isolation air from the conventional nitrogen making system, the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in nitrogen, and the pressure reducing valve is used to remove the isolation air from the conventional nitrogen making system The pressure is reduced to the third preset pressure; the isolation air separation pipe of the air expander of the W-th grade is sequentially arranged with the isolation air inlet isolation valve and the check valve of the air-expander of the W-th grade, and the W-th grade is fully closed. The air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve can cut off the supply of the isolation air to the W-th air expander, and the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backwards.
第1～N级所述空气膨胀机的转子转速相同且同轴布置，所述齿轮箱减速器通过联轴器与所述发电机连接，所述空气膨胀机的转子额定转速最终通过所述齿轮箱减速器降为所述发电机的额定转速，第一级所述空气膨胀机的转子与第二级所述空气膨胀机的转子之间设置有第一离合器，依次类推，第N‐第一级所述空气膨胀机的转子与第N级所述空气膨胀机的转子之间设置有#N‐1所述离合器，通过所述离合器啮合和脱开可改变投入运行所述空气膨胀机的级数，在第一级运行工况下第一所述离合器脱开，在第Y级运行工况下#Y所述离合器脱开(Y＝N时此步取消)、第一～#Y‐1所述离合器啮合。The rotors of the air expanders in the first to N stages have the same rotational speed and are arranged coaxially, the gearbox reducer is connected to the generator through a coupling, and the rated rotational speed of the rotor of the air expander is finally passed through the gears The box reducer is reduced to the rated speed of the generator, a first clutch is provided between the rotor of the air expander in the first stage and the rotor of the air expander in the second stage, and so on, the Nth-first The #N-1 clutch is provided between the rotor of the air expander of the stage N and the rotor of the air expander of the Nth stage, and the stage of the air expander put into operation can be changed by engaging and disengaging the clutch. number, the first clutch is disengaged under the first-stage operating condition, and the #Y clutch is disengaged under the Y-th stage operating condition (this step is canceled when Y=N), the first to #Y-1 The clutch is engaged.
在所述储热介质子系统中，所述高温储热介质罐用于存储储能阶段吸收压缩热后的高温储热介质以供释能阶段使用，罐体分别与第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的进口管道相连，同时通过罐体高位布置方式可满足第一、第二 所述高温储热介质泵的进口压力需求以防产生汽蚀。In the heat storage medium subsystem, the high temperature heat storage medium tank is used to store the high temperature heat storage medium after absorbing compression heat in the energy storage stage for use in the energy release stage, and the tank body is respectively connected to the first and second heat storage medium. The inlet pipes of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump are connected, and at the same time, the high-level arrangement of the tank can meet the inlet pressure requirements of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps to prevent cavitation.
第一或第二所述高温储热介质泵可提供足够压头使高温储热介质进入第1～N级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧释放热量，第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵由配有变频器的电机驱动且双泵并联布置方式既可满足设备轮换及备用需求，又可满足同时投用需求，具体实施时视实际情况而定，本申请并不限定。The first or second high-temperature heat storage medium pump can provide enough head to make the high-temperature heat storage medium enter the heat storage medium side of the first to N stages of the inter-stage reheaters to release heat. The high-temperature heat storage medium pump is driven by a motor equipped with a frequency converter, and the parallel arrangement of double pumps can not only meet the needs of equipment rotation and standby, but also meet the needs of simultaneous use. The specific implementation depends on the actual situation, which is not limited in this application. .
第一所述高温储热介质泵的进口管道上依次布置有第一所述高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀、滤网，第二所述高温储热介质泵的进口管道上依次布置有第二所述高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀、滤网，全关第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀可分别停运第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵同时切断高温储热介质的流入，滤网用于去除高温储热介质所含杂质。The inlet pipeline of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump is sequentially arranged with an inlet isolation valve and a filter screen of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and the inlet pipeline of the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump is arranged in sequence with a second high-temperature heat storage medium pump. The high-temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve and filter screen are fully closed. The first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valves can respectively stop the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps and cut off the high temperature. The inflow of the heat storage medium, the filter screen is used to remove the impurities contained in the high temperature heat storage medium.
第一所述高温储热介质泵的出口管道上依次布置有逆止阀、第一所述高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀，第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口管道上依次布置有逆止阀、第二所述高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀，逆止阀可防止下游高温储热介质倒流进入高温储热介质泵，全关第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀可分别使第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵停运。A check valve and an outlet isolation valve of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipe of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and a reverse check valve is sequentially arranged on the outlet pipe of the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump. The check valve and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve, the check valve can prevent the downstream high-temperature heat storage medium from flowing back into the high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and completely close the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation The valve can stop the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps respectively.
第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口母管至所述高温储热介质罐之间的再循环管道上依次布置有所述高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀、调阀，全开所述高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀并调节所述高温储热介质泵再循环调阀的开度可防止第一或第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口流量小于汽蚀安全值。The recirculation pipeline between the outlet main pipe of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps to the high-temperature heat storage medium tank is sequentially arranged with a recirculation isolation valve and a regulating valve of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump. Opening the recirculation isolation valve of the high temperature heat storage medium pump and adjusting the opening of the recirculation regulating valve of the high temperature heat storage medium pump can prevent the outlet flow rate of the first or second high temperature heat storage medium pump from being less than the cavitation safety value .
第1～N级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧进口管道与第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口母管相连，第W级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧进口管道上依次布置有第W级所述级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀、调阀、滤网，第1～N级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧出口管道汇合后进入所述低温储热介质罐，第W级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧出口管道上布置有第W级所述级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀，全关第W级所述级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀、进口调阀、出口隔离阀可使第W级所述级间再热器停运，第W级所述级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀还可调节第W级空气膨胀机进口空气温度，滤网用于去除高温储热介质所含杂质，所述低温储热介质罐用于存储释放热量后的低温储热介质以供储能阶段使用。The heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the inter-stage reheaters in the first to N stages are connected to the outlet main pipes of the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps, and the storage medium of the inter-stage reheaters in the W stage is connected The heat medium side inlet pipeline is sequentially arranged with the heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve, regulating valve and filter screen of the inter-stage reheater of the W-th level, and the heat-storage medium side of the inter-stage reheaters of the first to N levels. After the outlet pipes are merged, they enter the low-temperature heat storage medium tank. The heat storage medium side outlet pipe of the W-th inter-stage reheater is arranged with the W-th inter-stage reheater. The heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve , fully closing the inlet isolation valve, inlet regulating valve, and outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater of the W-th level can make the inter-stage reheater of the W-th level stop operation, and the W-th level of the inter-stage The inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the reheater can also adjust the inlet air temperature of the W-th air expander, the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high temperature heat storage medium, and the low temperature heat storage medium tank is used to store the released heat. Low temperature heat storage medium for use in the energy storage stage.
在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，所述膨胀发电系统中还设置有必要的相关热工测点。热工测点可以例如是压力测点、差压测点、温度测点、液位测点、流量测点、转速测点、振动测点、轴位移测点及轴不对中量测点等，包括：第1～N级储气室压力、第1～N级级间再热器出口空气压力、第1～N级空气膨胀机进口压力、第1～N级空气膨胀机出口压力、第1～N级空气膨胀机密封风供气压力、各级空气膨胀机隔离风供气总压力、第1～N级空气膨胀机隔离风供气压力、高温储热介质罐压力、第一、第二高温储热介质泵出口压力、低温储热介质罐压力、常规厂用冷却水系统供水压力、润滑油箱压力、润滑油供油压力、常规制氮系统供气压力、第1～N级储气室储气温度、第1～N级级间再热器出口空气温度、第1～N级空气膨胀机进口空气温度、第1～N级空气膨胀机出口空气温度、发电机两端轴承温度、齿轮箱减速器两端轴承温度、第1～N级空气膨胀机两端轴承温度、发电机三相线圈温度、高温储热介质罐内储热介质温度、低温储热介质罐内储热介质温度、常规厂用冷却水系统供水温度、润滑油箱储油温度、润滑油供油温度、齿轮箱减速器润滑油回油温度、第1～N级空气膨胀机两端轴承润滑油回油温度、第一～#N‐1离合器润滑油回油温度、润滑油箱液位、高温储热介质罐液位、低温储热介质罐液位、第1～N级级间再热器出口空气流量、第1～N级级间再热器出口储热介质流量、高温储热介质泵再循环流量、发电机转子转速、第1～N级空气膨胀机转子转速、发电机两端轴振、齿轮箱减速器两端轴振、第1～N级空气膨胀机两端轴振、第1～N级空气膨胀机轴位移、第一～#N‐1离合器轴位移、第一～#N‐1离合器轴不对中量、润滑油过滤器差压等。In an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, necessary related thermal measurement points are also set in the expansion power generation system. Thermal measurement points can be, for example, pressure measurement points, differential pressure measurement points, temperature measurement points, liquid level measurement points, flow measurement points, rotational speed measurement points, vibration measurement points, shaft displacement measurement points, and shaft misalignment measurement points, etc. Including: 1st-N stage air storage chamber pressure, 1st-N stage inter-stage reheater outlet air pressure, 1st-N stage air expander inlet pressure, 1st-N stage air expander outlet pressure, 1st ~N-stage air expander sealing air supply pressure, all levels of air expander isolation air supply pressure, 1st to N-stage air expander isolation air supply pressure, high temperature heat storage medium tank pressure, first, second High temperature heat storage medium pump outlet pressure, low temperature heat storage medium tank pressure, water supply pressure of conventional plant cooling water system, lubricating oil tank pressure, oil supply pressure of lubricating oil, air supply pressure of conventional nitrogen making system, 1st to N-stage gas storage chamber Storage air temperature, 1st to N stage inter-stage reheater outlet air temperature, 1st to N stage air expander inlet air temperature, 1st to N stage air expander outlet air temperature, generator bearing temperature at both ends, gear The bearing temperature at both ends of the box reducer, the bearing temperature at both ends of the 1st to N-stage air expander, the three-phase coil temperature of the generator, the temperature of the heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage medium tank, the temperature of the heat storage medium in the low temperature heat storage medium tank, Water supply temperature of conventional plant cooling water system, oil storage temperature of lubricating oil tank, lubricating oil supply temperature, lubricating oil return temperature of gearbox reducer, lubricating oil return temperature of bearing lubricating oil at both ends of 1st to N-stage air expander, first ～#N-1 clutch lubricating oil return temperature, lubricating oil tank liquid level, high temperature heat storage medium tank liquid level, low temperature heat storage medium tank liquid level, 1st~N stage interstage reheater outlet air flow, 1st~ N-stage inter-stage reheater outlet heat storage medium flow, high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation flow, generator rotor speed, 1st to N-stage air expander rotor speed, generator shaft vibration at both ends, gearbox reducer two End shaft vibration, 1st to N stage air expander end shaft vibration, 1st to N stage air expander shaft displacement, 1st to #N-1 clutch shaft displacement, 1st to #N-1 clutch shaft misalignment volume, differential pressure of lubricating oil filter, etc.
在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，第一级运行工况下所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前，将第一所述离合器置于解锁状态，同时为使第一级所述空气膨胀机的进气参数快速确立，第一级所述储气室内存储的压缩空气依次流经第一级所述储气室出口隔离阀、调阀后进入第一级所述级间再热器的空气侧吸热，吸热完成后再依次流经滤网、第一级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀、逆止阀、消声器排入大气；机组启动后，第一所述离合器处于脱开状态，由于第一级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀全关，压缩空气转而依次流经第一级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀、调阀后进入第一级所述空气膨胀机膨胀做功，产生的乏气再经出口管道逆止阀、消声器排入大气，第一级所述空气膨胀机的转子经所述齿轮箱减速器减速后带动所述发电机发电。In an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set is started under the first-stage operating condition, the first clutch is placed in an unlocked state, At the same time, in order to quickly establish the air intake parameters of the air expander in the first stage, the compressed air stored in the air storage chamber in the first stage flows through the outlet isolation valve and the regulating valve of the air storage chamber in the first stage in sequence, and then enters the first stage. The air side of the inter-stage reheater in the first stage absorbs heat, and after the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the air expander bypass valve, the check valve and the muffler in the first stage in turn and discharges into the atmosphere; the unit starts. After that, the first clutch is in the disengaged state. Since the air expander bypass regulating valve of the first stage is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the air expander inlet shut-off valve and the regulating valve of the first stage in turn. Entering the air expander in the first stage to expand and do work, the generated exhaust gas is then discharged into the atmosphere through the check valve and muffler of the outlet pipeline, and the rotor of the air expander in the first stage is decelerated by the gearbox reducer to drive the generator to generate electricity.
在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，第Y级运行工况下所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机 组启动前，将第一～#Y‐1所述离合器置于锁定状态，将#YSSS所述离合器置于解锁状态(Y＝N时此步取消)，同时为使第Y级所述空气膨胀机的进气参数快速确立，第Y级所述储气室内存储的压缩空气依次流经第Y级所述储气室出口隔离阀、调阀后进入第Y级所述级间再热器的空气侧吸热，吸热完成后再依次流经滤网、第Y级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀、逆止阀、消声器排入大气；机组启动后，第一～#Y‐1所述离合器处于啮合状态，#Y所述离合器处于脱开状态(Y＝N时此步取消)，由于第Y级所述空气膨胀机旁路调阀全关，压缩空气转而依次流经第Y级所述空气膨胀机进口切断阀、调阀后进入第Y级所述空气膨胀机膨胀做功，产生的乏气再经出口管道逆止阀进入第Y‐第一级所述级间再热器的空气侧重复第Y‐第一级运行工况的再热做功过程，第1～Y级所述空气膨胀机的转子经所述齿轮箱减速器减速后带动所述发电机发电。In an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set starts under the Y-th operating condition, the first to #Y-1 clutches are turned on. Put it in a locked state, put the #YSSS clutch in an unlocked state (this step is canceled when Y=N), and at the same time, in order to quickly establish the intake parameters of the air expander in the Y stage, the air storage in the Y stage The compressed air stored in the room sequentially flows through the outlet isolation valve and regulating valve of the air storage chamber in the Y stage, and then enters the air side of the inter-stage reheater in the Y stage to absorb heat. After the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen in turn. , The air expander bypass regulating valve, check valve and muffler of the Y stage are discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the clutches of the first to #Y-1 are in the engaged state, and the clutches of #Y are in the disengaged state (This step is canceled when Y=N), since the bypass regulating valve of the air expander in stage Y is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the inlet shut-off valve and regulating valve of the air expander in stage Y in turn, and then enters the first stage. The air expander in stage Y expands to do work, and the generated spent gas enters the air side of the inter-stage reheater in the first stage through the check valve of the outlet pipeline, and repeats the reprocessing of the operating conditions of the first stage in the Y-first stage. In the process of thermal work, the rotors of the air expanders in the first to Y stages are decelerated by the gearbox reducer to drive the generator to generate electricity.
在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动后，所述高温储热介质罐中的高温储热介质依次流经第一所述高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀、滤网后进入第一所述高温储热介质泵加压，然后再经第一所述高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀后进入第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口母管；或依次流经第二所述高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀、滤网后进入第二所述高温储热介质泵加压，然后再经第二所述高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀后进入第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口母管。第一、第二所述高温储热介质泵可互为备用，也可同时运行。在第W级运行工况下，出口母管中的高温储热介质分别进入第1～W级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧进口管道并依次流经所述级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀、调阀、滤网，然后分别进入第1～W级所述级间再热器的储热介质侧放热，然后再分别经第1～W级所述级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀后进入所述低温储热介质罐；在一实施例中，当第一或第二所述高温储热介质泵的出口流量小于汽蚀安全值时，高温储热介质依次流经所述高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀、调阀后返回至所述高温储热介质罐，以维持第一或第二所述高温储热介质泵的最小工作流量。In an embodiment of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, after the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is started, the high temperature heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage medium tank flows through the first The high-temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve and filter screen enter the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump for pressure, and then enter the first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pump through the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve. The outlet main pipe of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump; or it flows through the inlet isolation valve and the filter screen of the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump in sequence, and then enters the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump to be pressurized, and then passes through the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump. The outlet isolation valve of the high temperature heat storage medium pump enters the outlet main pipes of the first and second high temperature heat storage medium pumps. The first and second high-temperature heat storage medium pumps can be used as backup for each other, and can also run at the same time. Under the operating condition of the W-th stage, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet main pipe enters the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the inter-stage reheaters of the first to W stages respectively and flows through the inter-stage reheaters in sequence The heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve, regulating valve and filter screen, and then enter the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheaters in the 1st to W stages to release heat, and then pass through the interstages of the 1st to W stages respectively. The heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve of the reheater enters the low temperature heat storage medium tank; in one embodiment, when the outlet flow rate of the first or second high temperature heat storage medium pump is less than the cavitation safety value, the high temperature The heat storage medium flows through the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve and regulating valve in turn and returns to the high temperature heat storage medium tank to maintain the minimum working flow of the first or second high temperature heat storage medium pump.
在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，所述膨胀发电系统还包括系统步序控制逻辑操作按钮，及启动备用高温储热介质泵联锁按钮，及储热介质子系统排空、预热完成按钮，及阀门投入自动按钮，及变频器投入自动按钮、及离合器锁定、解锁按钮等。In an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, the expansion power generation system further includes a system step control logic operation button, an interlock button for starting the standby high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and a heat storage medium sub- System emptying, preheating completion button, and valve input automatic button, and inverter input automatic button, and clutch lock, unlock button, etc.
在一个用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的实施例中，所述空气膨胀机的种类不限，可以是各类透平式空气膨胀机也可以是各类容积式空气膨胀机，也可以是不同种类空气膨胀机的组合，做功工质可以是空气或湿空气；所述高温储热介质泵的种类不限，可以是各类叶片式泵也可以是各类容积式泵或其他类型泵，也可以是不同种类泵的组合；高温储热介质可以是水，也可以是导热油或石蜡等有机类储热介质，还可以是各类熔融盐等无机类储热介质等。In an embodiment of an expansion power generation system used in a compressed air energy storage power station, the types of the air expanders are not limited, and can be various types of turbo air expanders or various types of volumetric air expanders, or It can be a combination of different types of air expanders, and the working medium can be air or humid air; the type of the high-temperature heat storage medium pump is not limited, and it can be various types of vane pumps or various types of positive displacement pumps or other types. The pump can also be a combination of different types of pumps; the high-temperature heat storage medium can be water, organic heat storage media such as heat transfer oil or paraffin, or inorganic heat storage media such as various molten salts.
为了进一步说明本方案，本申请还提供一种用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的具体应用实例，参见图2，该膨胀发电系统主要包括：In order to further illustrate the solution, the present application also provides a specific application example of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station. Referring to FIG. 2 , the expansion power generation system mainly includes:
(1)级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组：第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4；齿轮箱减速器5，发电机6，第一离合器7、第二离合器8和第三离合器9，第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13，第一级储气室14、第二级储气室15、第三级储气室16和第四级储气室17，第一级储气室出口调阀V1、第二级储气室出口调阀V5、第三级储气室出口调阀V9和第四级储气室出口调阀V13，第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2、第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6、第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10和第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V14，第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3、第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7、第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀V11和第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀V15，第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4、第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8、第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12和第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16，第一级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V17、第二级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V18、第三级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V19和第四级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V20，各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀V21，第一级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V22、第二级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V23、第三级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V24和第四级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V25，第一级储气室进口隔离阀V56、第二级储气室进口隔离阀V57、第三级储气室进口隔离阀V58和第四级储气室进口隔离阀V59，第一级储气室出口隔离阀V60、第二级储气室出口隔离阀V61、第三级储气室出口隔离阀V62和第四级储气室出口隔离阀V63，第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V64、第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V65、第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V63和第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀 V67，以及各逆止阀、减压阀、管道、滤网、消声器、热工测点等。(1) Interstage reheating air expansion generator set: first-stage air expander 1, second-stage air expander 2, third-stage air expander 3 and fourth-stage air expander 4; gearbox reducer 5 , generator 6, first clutch 7, second clutch 8 and third clutch 9, first stage interstage reheater 10, second stage interstage reheater 11, third stage interstage reheater 12 and The fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13, the first-stage gas storage chamber 14, the second-stage gas storage chamber 15, the third-stage gas storage chamber 16 and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber 17, the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet adjustment Valve V1, second-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5, third-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 and fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13, first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2, second-stage Air expander inlet shut-off valve V6, third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10 and fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14, first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3, second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7, the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 and the fourth-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15, the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8, the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve 1st stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 and 4th stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16, 1st stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V17, 2nd stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V18, 3rd stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V18 1st stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 and 4th stage air expander sealing air inlet isolation valve V20, each stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V21, first stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V22, The second-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V23, the third-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V24, the fourth-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V25, the first-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V56, The second-stage gas storage chamber inlet isolation valve V57, the third-stage gas storage chamber inlet isolation valve V58, the fourth-stage gas storage chamber inlet isolation valve V59, the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60, the second-stage gas storage chamber Outlet isolation valve V61, third-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V62 and fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63, first-stage air storage chamber supply air to expander seal air outlet isolation valve V64, second-stage air storage chamber Air supply expansion machine sealing air outlet isolation valve V65, third-stage air storage chamber air supply expansion machine sealing air outlet isolation valve V63 and fourth air storage chamber supply air expansion machine sealing air outlet isolation valve V67, and each check valve , pressure reducing valve, pipeline, filter, muffler, thermal measuring point, etc.
(2)储热介质子系统：第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31，高温储热介质罐32和低温储热介质罐33，第一高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V28和第二高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V30，第一高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V29和第二高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V31，高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀V32、高温储热介质泵再循环调阀V33，第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V34、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V37、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V40和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V43，第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V35、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V38、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V41和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V44，第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V36、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V39、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V42和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V45，以及各逆止阀、管道、滤网、热工测点等。(2) Heat storage medium subsystem: the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31, the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33, the inlet of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump is isolated The valve V28 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V30, the first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V31, the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32, High temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33, first-stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V34, second-stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V37, third-stage interstage Reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V40 and fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V43, first-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V35, second stage The heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38 of the inter-stage reheater, the third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V41 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V44, the first stage The heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V36 of the interstage reheater, the second stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V39, the third stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V42 and the fourth The outlet isolation valve V45 of the heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater, as well as each check valve, pipeline, filter screen, thermal measuring point, etc.
由于风、光等可再生能源的不确定性，在储能阶段输入压缩空气储能电站的电能会产生大幅频繁波动，受其影响，储能阶段空气压缩机组也会随之变工况运行。因此根据储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级不同，释能阶段膨胀发电系统运行的空气膨胀机和级间再热器级数也不同。在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，压缩空气储能电站储能阶段的空气压缩机组由第一级空气压缩机37、第二级空气压缩机38、第三级空气压缩机39和第四级空气压缩机40组成，则储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级可有第1～第四级共四种，因此释能阶段所述膨胀发电系统的运行工况也分别对应有第1～第四级共四种。具体来说，当储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级为第四级，即储能阶段运行了第一级空气压缩机37、第二级空气压缩机38、第三级空气压缩机39和第四级空气压缩机40且生成的压缩空气全部存储于第四级储气室17，则释能阶段膨胀发电系统运行的空气膨胀机和级间再热器级数为第四级，包括第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4，及第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13共同运行，即第四级运行工况；当储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级为第三级，即储能阶段运行了第一级空气压缩机37、第二级空气压缩机38和第三级空气压缩机39，且生成的压缩空气全部存储于第三级储气室16，则释能阶段膨胀发电系统运行的空气膨胀机和级间再热器级数为第三级，包括第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2和第三级空气膨胀机3，及第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11和第三级级间再热器12共同运行，即第三级运行工况；当储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级为第二级，即储能阶段运行了第一级空气压缩机37和第二级空气压缩机38，且生成的压缩空气全部存储于第二级储气室15，则释能阶段膨胀发电系统运行的空气膨胀机和级间再热器级数为第二级，包括第一级空气膨胀机1和第二级空气膨胀机2，及第一级级间再热器10和第二级级间再热器11共同运行，即第二级运行工况；当储能阶段压缩空气存储压力等级为第一级，即储能阶段运行了第一级空气压缩机37且生成的压缩空气全部存储于第一级储气室14，则释能阶段膨胀发电系统运行的空气膨胀机和级间再热器级数为第一级，包括第一级空气膨胀机1和第一级级间再热器10共同运行，即第一级运行工况。其中，空气膨胀机和级间再热器的级数越高，则其运行压力越高。Due to the uncertainty of renewable energy sources such as wind and light, the electrical energy input to the compressed air energy storage power station during the energy storage phase will fluctuate greatly and frequently. Affected by this, the air compressor unit will also operate in different working conditions during the energy storage phase. Therefore, according to the different storage pressure levels of compressed air in the energy storage stage, the number of air expanders and interstage reheaters operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is also different. In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, the air compressor group in the energy storage stage of the compressed air energy storage power station consists of a first-stage air compressor 37, a second-stage air compressor 38, a third-stage air compressor The compressor 39 and the fourth-stage air compressor 40 are composed of the compressor 39 and the fourth-stage air compressor 40. In the energy-storing stage, the compressed air storage pressure levels can be divided into four levels, the first to the fourth stage. Therefore, the operating conditions of the expansion power generation system in the energy-discharging stage also correspond to There are four levels from 1st to 4th level. Specifically, when the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the fourth stage, that is, the first stage air compressor 37 , the second stage air compressor 38 , the third stage air compressor 39 and the fourth stage air compressor 39 are operated in the energy storage stage. stage air compressor 40 and all the generated compressed air is stored in the fourth stage air storage chamber 17, then the number of stages of the air expander and the interstage reheater operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is the fourth stage, including the first stage Air expander 1, second-stage air expander 2, third-stage air expander 3 and fourth-stage air expander 4, and first-stage interstage reheater 10, second-stage interstage reheater 11, The third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 operate together, that is, the fourth-stage operating condition; when the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the third stage, that is, the energy storage stage is running. The first-stage air compressor 37, the second-stage air compressor 38, and the third-stage air compressor 39, and all the compressed air generated is stored in the third-stage air storage chamber 16, then the air used for the operation of the power generation system is expanded in the energy release stage. The number of stages of the expander and interstage reheater is the third stage, including the first stage air expander 1, the second stage air expander 2 and the third stage air expander 3, and the first stage interstage reheater 10 , The second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 operate together, that is, the third-stage operating condition; when the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the second stage, that is, the energy storage stage operates The first-stage air compressor 37 and the second-stage air compressor 38 are installed, and all the generated compressed air is stored in the second-stage air storage chamber 15, then the air expander and the inter-stage reheating of the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage The number of stages is the second stage, including the first stage air expander 1 and the second stage air expander 2, and the first stage interstage reheater 10 and the second stage interstage reheater 11 operate together, that is, the first stage Two-stage operating conditions; when the compressed air storage pressure level in the energy storage stage is the first stage, that is, the first stage air compressor 37 is operated in the energy storage stage and the compressed air generated is all stored in the first stage air storage chamber 14, then The number of air expanders and interstage reheaters operated by the expansion power generation system in the energy release stage is the first stage, including the joint operation of the first stage air expander 1 and the first stage interstage reheater 10, that is, the first stage operation working condition. Among them, the higher the number of stages of the air expander and the interstage reheater, the higher the operating pressure.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，常规润滑油系统，及常规厂用冷却水系统29，及常规制氮系统34，及第一常规氮气密封装置35和第二常规氮气密封装置36即可为上述膨胀发电系统提供满足参数需求的各类辅助工质。常规润滑油系统可为第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4，及第一离合器7、第二离合器8和第三离合器9，及齿轮箱减速器5提供润滑和冷却用油，常规润滑油系统主要包括：润滑油箱18，第一交流润滑油泵19和第二交流润滑油泵20(一用一备)，直流事故油泵21，油箱电加热器22，润滑油净化装置23，第一排油烟风机24和第二排油烟风机25(一用一备)，润滑油过滤器26(双联式可切换)，润滑油冷却器27(双联式可切换)，蓄能器28，润滑油压力调节阀V54，润滑油温度调节阀V55，以及各逆止阀、管道、滤网、热工测点等；常规厂用冷却水系统29可为润滑油冷却器27，及第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31提供冷却水，并在润滑油冷却器27两支冷却水进口管道上分别布置有第一润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀V46和第二润滑油冷却水进口隔离阀V48，在润滑油冷却器27两支冷却水出口管道上分别布置有第一润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀V47和第二润滑油冷却水出口隔离阀V49，在第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31冷却水进口管道上分别布置有第一、第二高温储热介质泵冷却水进口隔离阀V50、V52，在第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31冷却水出口管道上分别布置有第一高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀V51和第二高温储热介质泵冷却水出口隔离阀V53；常规制氮系统34可为第一常规氮气密封装置35和第二常规氮气密封装置36提供稳定充气气源，另外 还为第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4提供稳定隔离风气源用于隔绝空气和润滑油；第一常规氮气密封装置35和第二常规氮气密封装置36既可满足高温储热介质罐32和低温储热介质罐33运行压力的需求，又可使储热介质与空气隔离以提高储热介质使用寿命，第一常规氮气密封装置35和第二常规氮气密封装置36进口管道上分别布置有第一常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀V26和第二常规氮气密封装置进口隔离阀V27。In the application example of the expansion power generation system for the compressed air energy storage power station, the conventional lubricating oil system, and the conventional plant cooling water system 29, and the conventional nitrogen production system 34, and the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional The nitrogen sealing device 36 can provide various auxiliary working fluids that meet the parameter requirements for the above expansion power generation system. The conventional lubricating oil system can be the first stage air expander 1, the second stage air expander 2, the third stage air expander 3 and the fourth stage air expander 4, and the first clutch 7, the second clutch 8 and the third stage air expander. The three clutches 9 and the gearbox reducer 5 provide lubricating and cooling oil. The conventional lubricating oil system mainly includes: the lubricating oil tank 18, the first AC lubricating oil pump 19 and the second alternating current lubricating oil pump 20 (one for use and one for standby), DC accident Oil pump 21, fuel tank electric heater 22, lubricating oil purifying device 23, first exhaust fan 24 and second exhaust fan 25 (one for use and one for standby), lubricating oil filter 26 (double switchable), lubricating oil Cooler 27 (double switchable), accumulator 28, lubricating oil pressure regulating valve V54, lubricating oil temperature regulating valve V55, and various check valves, pipes, filters, thermal measuring points, etc.; conventional factory use The cooling water system 29 can provide cooling water for the lubricating oil cooler 27, the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31, and is arranged on the two cooling water inlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler 27 respectively There are a first lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V46 and a second lubricating oil cooling water inlet isolation valve V48, and the first lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valve V47 and the two cooling water outlet pipes of the lubricating oil cooler 27 are respectively arranged. The second lubricating oil cooling water outlet isolation valve V49, the cooling water inlets of the first and second high temperature heat storage medium pumps are respectively arranged on the cooling water inlet pipes of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 The isolation valves V50 and V52 are respectively arranged on the cooling water outlet pipes of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 . The heat medium pump cooling water outlet isolation valve V53; the conventional nitrogen production system 34 can provide a stable inflation gas source for the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36, and also for the first stage air expander 1, the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36. The second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 provide a stable isolated air source for isolating air and lubricating oil; the first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional nitrogen sealing device 36 It can not only meet the operating pressure requirements of the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 and the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33, but also isolate the heat storage medium from the air to improve the service life of the heat storage medium. The first conventional nitrogen sealing device 35 and the second conventional nitrogen A first conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V26 and a second conventional nitrogen sealing device inlet isolation valve V27 are respectively arranged on the inlet pipeline of the sealing device 36 .
在级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组中，第一级储气室14、第二级储气室15、第三级储气室16和第四级储气室17分别用于存储第一级空气压缩机37、第二级空气压缩机38、第三级空气压缩机39和第四级空气压缩机40出口排出的高压空气；在释能阶段，第一级运行工况下第一级储气室14为第一级空气膨胀机1提供做功发电的高压空气，第二级运行工况下第二级储气室15为第一级空气膨胀机1和第二级空气膨胀机2提供做功发电的高压空气，第三级运行工况下第三级储气室16为第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2和第三级空气膨胀机3提供做功发电的高压空气，第四级运行工况下第四级储气室17为第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4提供做功发电的高压空气。In the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set, the first-stage air storage chamber 14, the second-stage air storage chamber 15, the third-stage air storage chamber 16 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 are respectively used to store the first-stage air storage chamber The high-pressure air discharged from the outlet of the air compressor 37, the second-stage air compressor 38, the third-stage air compressor 39 and the fourth-stage air compressor 40; The air chamber 14 provides the first-stage air expander 1 with high-pressure air for power generation, and the second-stage air storage chamber 15 provides work for the first-stage air expander 1 and the second-stage air expander 2 under the second-stage operating condition. High-pressure air for power generation, the third-stage air storage chamber 16 provides high-pressure air for power generation for the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2 and the third-stage air expander 3 under the third-stage operating condition, Under the fourth-stage operating condition, the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 provides work and electricity for the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4. high pressure air.
由第一级空气压缩机37出口管道引出的第一级储气室14进口管道上依次布置有第一级储气室进口隔离阀V56、滤网、逆止阀，由第二级空气压缩机38出口管道引出的第二级储气室15进口管道上依次布置有第二级储气室进口隔离阀V57、滤网、逆止阀，由第三级空气压缩机39出口管道引出的第三级储气室16进口管道上依次布置有第三级储气室进口隔离阀V58、滤网、逆止阀，由第四级空气压缩机40出口管道引出的第四级储气室17进口管道上依次布置有第四级储气室进口隔离阀V59、滤网、逆止阀，全关储气室进口隔离阀可使储气室与储能阶段空气压缩机隔离以防空气压缩机的操作对储气室产生影响，滤网用于去除空气压缩机出口高压空气所含杂质，逆止阀可防止储气室内高压空气倒流进入空气压缩机。The inlet pipe of the first-stage air storage chamber 14 drawn from the outlet pipe of the first-stage air compressor 37 is sequentially arranged with the first-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V56, the filter screen, and the check valve. 38 The inlet pipe of the second-stage air storage chamber 15 led by the outlet pipe is sequentially arranged with the second-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V57, the filter screen, and the check valve. The inlet pipeline of the first-stage air storage chamber 16 is sequentially arranged with an inlet isolation valve V58, a filter screen and a check valve of the third-stage air storage chamber. The fourth-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve V59, filter screen, and check valve are arranged in sequence on the upper part. Fully closing the air storage chamber inlet isolation valve can isolate the air storage chamber from the air compressor in the energy storage stage to prevent the operation of the air compressor. It affects the air storage chamber. The filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor. The check valve can prevent the high-pressure air from the air storage chamber from flowing back into the air compressor.
第一级储气室出口隔离阀V60、第二级储气室出口隔离阀V61、第三级储气室出口隔离阀V62和第四级储气室出口隔离阀V63分别布置在第一级储气室14、第二级储气室15、第三级储气室16和第四级储气室17出口管道上，全关储气室出口隔离阀可使储气室停止向下游供气。第一级储气室出口调阀V1、第二级储气室出口调阀V5、第三级储气室出口调阀V9和第四级储气室出口调阀V13分别布置在第一级储气室出口隔离阀V60、第二级储气室出口隔离阀V61、第三级储气室出口隔离阀V62和第四级储气室出口隔离阀V63下游，储气室出口调阀用于调节级间再热器出口空气压力。第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13为表面式换热器，内部由空气侧(升温)和储热介质侧(降温)构成，空气侧布置在储气室出口调阀下游，空气侧出口管道上布置有滤网用于去除高压空气所含杂质。The first-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60, the second-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V61, the third-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V62, and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63 are respectively arranged in the first-stage storage chamber. On the outlet pipelines of the air chamber 14, the second-stage air storage chamber 15, the third-stage air storage chamber 16 and the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17, fully closing the outlet isolation valve of the air storage chamber can make the air storage chamber stop supplying air to the downstream. The first-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V1, the second-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5, the third-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9, and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13 are respectively arranged in the first-stage gas storage chamber. Downstream of the air chamber outlet isolation valve V60, the second-stage air chamber outlet isolation valve V61, the third-stage air chamber outlet isolation valve V62 and the fourth-stage air chamber outlet isolation valve V63, the air chamber outlet regulating valve is used for regulating Interstage reheater outlet air pressure. The first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 are surface heat exchangers, and the interior is heated by the air side. (heating) and heat storage medium side (cooling), the air side is arranged downstream of the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber, and a filter screen is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air side to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air.
滤网下游分为两路，一路为空气膨胀机进口管道，第一级空气膨胀机1进口管道上依次布置有第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2、第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3，第二级空气膨胀机2进口管道上依次布置有第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6、第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7，第三级空气膨胀机3进口管道上依次布置有第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10、第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀V11，第四级空气膨胀机4进口管道上依次布置有第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V14、第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀V15。在事故或正常停运阶段快速全关空气膨胀机进口切断阀、调阀可停止空气膨胀机继续进气以防影响转子正常惰走；在第一级运行工况下第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2全开，第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3则用于调节第一级空气膨胀机1转子升速和负荷升降；在第二级运行工况下第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6全开，第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7则用于调节第一级空气膨胀机1和第二级空气膨胀机2转子升速和负荷升降，同时第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2、第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3全开；在第三级运行工况下第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10全开，第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀V11则用于调节第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2和第三级空气膨胀机3转子升速和负荷升降，同时第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2和第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6，及第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3和第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7全开；在第四级运行工况下第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V14全开，第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀V15则用于调节第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4转子升速和负荷升降，同时第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2、第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6和第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10，及第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3、第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7和第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀V11全开。The downstream of the filter screen is divided into two paths, one is the inlet pipe of the air expander. The inlet pipe of the first stage air expander 1 is sequentially arranged with the first stage air expander inlet cut-off valve V2 and the first stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 , the inlet pipeline of the second-stage air expander 2 is sequentially arranged with the second-stage air expander inlet cut-off valve V6, the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7, and the third-stage air expander 3 inlet pipeline is sequentially arranged with the first stage. The third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10, the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11, and the fourth-stage air expander 4 inlet pipeline are sequentially arranged with the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14, and the fourth-stage air expansion Machine inlet regulating valve V15. In the stage of accident or normal shutdown, the shut-off valve and regulating valve at the inlet of the air expander can be quickly and fully closed to stop the air expander from continuing to enter the air to prevent the rotor from idling normally; in the first-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander inlet The cut-off valve V2 is fully opened, and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 is used to adjust the rotor speed and load lift of the first-stage air expander 1; under the second-stage operating condition, the second-stage air expander inlet is cut off The valve V6 is fully opened, and the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 is used to adjust the rotor speed and load lifting of the first-stage air expander 1 and the second-stage air expander 2, and the first-stage air expander inlet is cut off. Valve V2 and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 are fully open; under the third-stage operating condition, the third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10 is fully open, and the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 is used for Adjust the rotor speed and load lift of the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2 and the third-stage air expander 3, while the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2 and the second-stage air expander inlet The shut-off valve V6, the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 and the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 are fully open; under the fourth-stage operating condition, the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14 is fully open, The fourth-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15 is used to adjust the rotor speed and load of the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4. At the same time, the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2, the second-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V6, the third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10, the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3, the second-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V10, The first stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 and the third stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 are fully open.
滤网下游另一路为空气膨胀机旁路管道，第一级空气膨胀机1旁路管道上依次布置有第一级空气膨胀机旁路调 阀V4、逆止阀、消声器，第二级空气膨胀机2旁路管道上依次布置有第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8、逆止阀、消声器，第三级空气膨胀机3旁路管道上依次布置有第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12、逆止阀、消声器，第四级空气膨胀机4旁路管道上依次布置有第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16、逆止阀、消声器。在第一级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4用于第一级空气膨胀机1进气参数的快速确立，在第二级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8用于第二级空气膨胀机2进气参数的快速确立同时第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4全关，在第三级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12用于第三级空气膨胀机3进气参数的快速确立同时第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4和第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8全关，在第四级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16用于第四级空气膨胀机4进气参数的快速确立同时第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4、第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8和第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12全关，并且在事故或正常停运阶段快速全开空气膨胀机旁路调阀可使空气膨胀机机前气压快速泄放以防空气膨胀机进口切断阀和调阀严密性较差影响机组停运；逆止阀可防止外界大气倒流；出口与外界大气相通的消声器用于缓解旁路管道排气噪声。空气膨胀机出口管道上布置有可防止下游气体倒流进入空气膨胀机的逆止阀。The other path downstream of the filter screen is the bypass pipeline of the air expander. The bypass pipeline of the first-stage air expander 1 is sequentially arranged with the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the check valve and the muffler, and the second-stage air expansion machine is arranged in sequence. The second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8, check valve and muffler are arranged in sequence on the bypass pipeline of machine 2, and the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is arranged in sequence on the third-stage air expander 3 bypass pipeline. Valve V12, check valve, muffler, fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16, check valve and muffler are sequentially arranged on the bypass pipeline of fourth-stage air expander 4. Under the first-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the first-stage air expander 1 before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set starts, and it operates in the second stage Under working conditions, the second-stage air expander bypass valve V8 is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the second-stage air expander 2 before the start-up of the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set. At the same time, the first-stage air expander bypass control valve V4 is fully closed, and the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 is used to quickly establish the intake parameters of the third-stage air expander 3 before the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set starts under the third-stage operating condition. The first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 and the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8 are fully closed. Under the fourth-stage operating condition, the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is next to the fourth-stage air expander before starting. The road regulating valve V16 is used for the rapid establishment of the intake parameters of the fourth-stage air expander 4, while the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8 and the third-stage air expander The bypass regulating valve V12 is fully closed, and the bypass regulating valve of the air expander can be quickly fully opened during the accident or normal shutdown stage. The air pressure in front of the air expander can be quickly released to prevent the air expander inlet shut-off valve and the tightness of the regulating valve. Poor performance will affect the shutdown of the unit; the check valve can prevent the backflow of the outside atmosphere; the muffler whose outlet is connected to the outside atmosphere is used to alleviate the exhaust noise of the bypass pipeline. A check valve is arranged on the outlet pipe of the air expander to prevent the downstream gas from flowing back into the air expander.
空气膨胀机设置有密封风管道，密封风管道根据气源的不同分为储气室供密封风管道和自密封管道，在级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前期和停运惰走阶段，由于自密封气源压力过低且不稳定，密封风气源由储气室提供；随着机组启动过程进行，自密封气源压力逐渐正常，密封风气源由储气室逐渐过渡到自密封提供。The air expander is provided with a sealed air duct, which is divided into an air storage chamber for sealed air duct and a self-sealed duct according to different air sources. Because the pressure of the self-sealing air source is too low and unstable, the air source for sealing is provided by the air storage chamber; as the unit starts up, the pressure of the air source for self-sealing gradually becomes normal, and the air source for sealing is gradually transitioned from the air storage chamber to being provided by the self-sealing.
储气室供密封风管道由四支储气室引出管道及四支空气膨胀机密封风分配管道组成，第一级储气室14引出管道上布置有第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V64，第二级储气室15引出管道上布置有第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V65，第三级储气室16引出管道上布置有第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V66，第四级储气室17引出管道上布置有第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V67，四支储气室引出管道汇合后通过滤网再分配给第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4，在膨胀发电系统启动或停运期间，第一级运行工况下全开第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V64、全关其他储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀可使密封风全部由第一级储气室14提供，第二级运行工况下全开第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V65、全关其他储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀可使密封风全部由第二级储气室15提供，第三级运行工况下全开第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V66、全关其他储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀可使密封风全部由第三级储气室16提供，第四级运行工况下全开第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀V67、全关其他储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀可使密封风全部由第四级储气室17提供，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流进入储气室，滤网用于去除高压空气所含杂质；第一级空气膨胀机1密封风分配管道上依次布置有第一级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V17、减压阀、逆止阀，第二级空气膨胀机2密封风分配管道上依次布置有第二级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V18、减压阀、逆止阀，第三级空气膨胀机3密封风分配管道上依次布置有第三级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V19、减压阀、逆止阀，第四级空气膨胀机4密封风分配管道上依次布置有第四级空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀V20、减压阀、逆止阀，全关空气膨胀机密封风进口隔离阀可切断空气膨胀机来自储气室的密封风供应，减压阀用于将来自储气室的密封风气压降至第一预设压力以满足空气膨胀机在升转速及低负荷阶段的密封需求，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流。The air supply and sealing air pipeline of the air storage chamber is composed of four air storage chamber lead-out pipes and four air expansion machine sealing air distribution pipes. The air outlet isolation valve V64, the second-stage air storage chamber 15 is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the second-stage air storage chamber for the air expansion machine to seal the air outlet isolation valve V65, and the third-stage air storage chamber 16 is arranged on the outlet pipeline. The air-supply expander seal air outlet isolation valve V66 of the air storage chamber, the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 is arranged on the outgoing pipeline of the fourth-stage air storage chamber and the air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve V67, and the four air storage chamber lead-out pipes After the confluence, it is redistributed to the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 through the filter screen. During the startup or shutdown of the expansion power generation system, Under the operating conditions of the first stage, fully open the isolation valve V64 of the sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine of the first stage air storage chamber, and fully close the isolation valve of the sealing air outlet of the air supply expansion machine of the other air storage chambers, so that the sealing air can be completely discharged from the first stage. Provided by the air storage chamber 14. Under the second-stage operating condition, fully open the second-stage air storage chamber for air supply and expand the air outlet isolation valve V65, and fully close other air storage chambers. All air is provided by the second-stage air storage chamber 15. Under the third-stage operating condition, the third-stage air storage chamber is fully opened to supply the air outlet isolation valve V66 of the air expander, and the other air storage chambers are fully closed to supply the air expansion machine sealing air. The outlet isolation valve can make the sealing air all supplied by the third-stage air storage chamber 16. Under the fourth-stage operating condition, the fourth-stage air storage chamber is fully opened to supply air to the expander sealing air outlet isolation valve V67, and other air storage chambers are fully closed. The sealing air outlet isolation valve of the air supply expander can make the sealing air all supplied by the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17, the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing back into the air storage chamber, and the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high-pressure air; The sealing air distribution pipeline of stage 1 air expander is sequentially arranged with the isolation valve V17, pressure reducing valve and check valve of the sealing air inlet of the first stage air expander, and the sealing air distribution pipeline of the second stage air expander 2 is arranged in sequence. The sealing air inlet isolation valve V18, pressure reducing valve and check valve of the secondary air expander, and the sealing air distribution pipeline of the third-stage air expander 3 are sequentially arranged with the sealing air inlet isolation valve V19 of the third-stage air expander, decompression Valve, check valve, fourth-stage air expander 4 The sealing air distribution pipeline of the fourth-stage air expander is sequentially arranged with the sealing air inlet isolation valve V20, pressure reducing valve and check valve of the fourth-stage air expander, and the sealing air inlet of the air expander is fully closed. The isolation valve can cut off the supply of sealing air from the air storage chamber to the air expander, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the air pressure of the sealing air from the air storage chamber to the first preset pressure to meet the requirements of the air expander during the speed-up and low-load stages. For sealing requirements, the check valve prevents backflow of downstream gas.
自密封管道由第一级储气室出口调阀V1、第二级储气室出口调阀V5、第三级储气室出口调阀V9和第四级储气室出口调阀V13下游管道分别引出，自密封管道上依次布置有滤网、减压阀、逆止阀，空气膨胀机密封风分配管道出口与自密封管道出口汇合后进入空气膨胀机，滤网用于去除高压空气所含杂质，减压阀用于将经储气室出口调阀节流后的密封风气压降至第二预设压力以满足空气膨胀机在高负荷阶段的自密封需求(在一实施例中，第一预设压力和第二预设压力的具体数值由空气膨胀机的级别决定，且针对任一级空气膨胀机第二预设压力均稍大于第一预设压力可使密封风气源随着储气室出口调阀下游气压的升高自动由储气室切换为自密封)，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流。The self-sealing pipeline consists of the first-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V1, the second-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V5, the third-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 and the fourth-stage gas storage chamber outlet regulating valve V13 downstream pipelines respectively. Lead out, the self-sealing pipeline is arranged with a filter screen, a pressure reducing valve, and a check valve in sequence. The outlet of the air expansion machine sealing air distribution pipeline and the self-sealing pipeline outlet merge into the air expander, and the filter screen is used to remove the impurities contained in the high-pressure air. , the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the air pressure of the sealing air after being throttled by the outlet regulating valve of the air storage chamber to the second preset pressure to meet the self-sealing requirement of the air expander in the high load stage (in one embodiment, the first The specific values of the preset pressure and the second preset pressure are determined by the level of the air expander, and the second preset pressure is slightly larger than the first preset pressure for any stage of the air expander, so that the sealed air source can follow the air storage. The rise of air pressure downstream of the chamber outlet regulating valve is automatically switched from the air storage chamber to self-sealing), and the check valve can prevent the downstream gas from flowing backwards.
空气膨胀机设置有隔离风总管道及四支分管道，隔离风总管道上依次布置有各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀V21、滤网、减压阀，全关各级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离总阀V21可切断常规制氮系统34对隔离风的供应，滤网用于去除氮气所含杂质，减压阀用于将来自常规制氮系统34的隔离风气压降至第三预设压力；第一级空气膨胀机1隔离风分管道上依次布置有第一级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V22、逆止阀，第二级空气膨胀机2隔离风分管道 上依次布置有第二级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V23、逆止阀，第三级空气膨胀机3隔离风分管道上依次布置有第三级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V24、逆止阀，第四级空气膨胀机4隔离风分管道上依次布置有第四级空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀V25、逆止阀，全关空气膨胀机隔离风进口隔离阀可切断隔离风对空气膨胀机的供应，逆止阀可防止下游气体倒流。The air expander is provided with an isolation air main pipeline and four branch pipelines. The isolation air main pipeline is arranged with the isolation air inlet isolation valve V21, filter screen and pressure reducing valve of all levels of air expanders in sequence, and all levels of air expanders are closed. The isolation main valve V21 at the isolation air inlet can cut off the supply of the isolation air from the conventional nitrogen making system 34, the filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in nitrogen, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the isolation air pressure from the conventional nitrogen making system 34 to the third Preset pressure; first-stage air expander 1 isolation air inlet isolation valve V22 and check valve are arranged in sequence on the first-stage air expander 1 isolation air distribution pipeline, and second-stage air expander 2 isolation air distribution pipeline is sequentially arranged There are second-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V23 and check valve, and third-stage air expander isolation air inlet isolation valve V24 and check valve are arranged on the third-stage air expander 3 isolation air pipeline in sequence. The fourth-stage air expander 4 isolation air inlet isolation valve V25 and the check valve are arranged in sequence on the isolation air pipe of the fourth-stage air expander. supply, the check valve prevents backflow of downstream gas.
第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4转子转速相同且同轴布置，齿轮箱减速器5通过联轴器与发电机6连接，空气膨胀机转子额定转速最终通过齿轮箱减速器5降为发电机6额定转速，第一级空气膨胀机1转子与第二级空气膨胀机2转子之间设置有第一离合器7，第二级空气膨胀机2转子与第三级空气膨胀机3转子之间设置有第二离合器8，第三级空气膨胀机3转子与第四级空气膨胀机4转子之间设置有第三离合器9，通过离合器啮合和脱开可改变投入运行空气膨胀机级数，在第一级运行工况下第一离合器7脱开，在第二级运行工况下第二离合器8脱开、第一离合器7啮合，在第三级运行工况下第三离合器9脱开、第二离合器8啮合、第一离合器7啮合，在第四级运行工况下第三离合器9啮合、第二离合器8啮合、第一离合器7啮合。The first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 have the same rotor speed and are arranged coaxially. The gearbox reducer 5 is connected to the power generation through a coupling. The generator 6 is connected, and the rated speed of the air expander rotor is finally reduced to the rated speed of the generator 6 through the gearbox reducer 5. A first clutch 7 is provided between the rotor of the first-stage air expander 1 and the rotor of the second-stage air expander 2 , a second clutch 8 is arranged between the rotor of the second-stage air expander 2 and the rotor of the third-stage air expander 3, and a third-stage air expander 3 rotor is arranged between the rotor of the fourth-stage air expander 4. Clutch 9, through the clutch engagement and disengagement, the number of stages of the air expander can be changed. The first clutch 7 is disengaged under the first-stage operating condition, the second clutch 8 is disengaged under the second-stage operating condition, and the second clutch 8 is disengaged. A clutch 7 is engaged, the third clutch 9 is disengaged, the second clutch 8 is engaged, and the first clutch 7 is engaged in the third-stage operating condition, and the third clutch 9 is engaged and the second clutch 8 is engaged in the fourth-stage operating condition. Engaged, the first clutch 7 is engaged.
在储热介质子系统中，高温储热介质罐32用于存储储能阶段吸收压缩热后的高温储热介质以供释能阶段使用，罐体分别与第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31进口管道相连，同时通过罐体高位布置方式可满足第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31进口压力需求以防产生汽蚀。In the heat storage medium subsystem, the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 is used to store the high temperature heat storage medium after absorbing compression heat in the energy storage stage for use in the energy release stage. The inlet pipes of the two high-temperature heat storage medium pumps 31 are connected, and the inlet pressure requirements of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 can be met to prevent cavitation through the high-level arrangement of the tank.
第一高温储热介质泵30或第二高温储热介质泵31可提供足够压头使高温储热介质进入第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13储热介质侧释放热量，第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31由配有变频器的电机驱动且双泵并联布置方式既可满足设备轮换及备用需求，又可满足同时投用需求，具体实施时视实际情况而定，本申请并不限定。The first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 can provide sufficient pressure head to make the high-temperature heat storage medium enter the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 11. The heat storage medium side of the inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 releases heat, and the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 are driven by a motor equipped with a frequency converter and The parallel arrangement of double pumps can not only meet the requirements of equipment rotation and standby, but also meet the requirements of simultaneous use. The specific implementation depends on the actual situation, which is not limited in this application.
第一高温储热介质泵30进口管道上依次布置有第一高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V28、滤网，第二高温储热介质泵31进口管道上依次布置有第二高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V30、滤网，全关高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀可停运高温储热介质泵同时切断高温储热介质的流入，滤网用于去除高温储热介质所含杂质。The inlet pipe of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 is sequentially arranged with the first high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V28 and the filter screen, and the inlet pipe of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is sequentially arranged with the second high temperature heat storage medium pump Import isolation valve V30, filter screen, fully close the high temperature heat storage medium pump The inlet isolation valve can stop the high temperature heat storage medium pump and cut off the inflow of the high temperature heat storage medium. The filter screen is used to remove impurities contained in the high temperature heat storage medium.
第一高温储热介质泵30出口管道上依次布置有逆止阀、第一高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V29，第二高温储热介质泵31出口管道上依次布置有逆止阀、第二高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V31，逆止阀可防止下游高温储热介质倒流进入高温储热介质泵，全关高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀可使高温储热介质泵停运。A check valve and an outlet isolation valve V29 of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipeline of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 , and a check valve and a second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 are arranged in sequence on the outlet pipeline. The high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V31, the check valve can prevent the downstream high temperature heat storage medium from flowing back into the high temperature heat storage medium pump, and the high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve can be completely closed to stop the high temperature heat storage medium pump.
第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31出口母管至高温储热介质罐32之间的再循环管道上依次布置有高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀V32、高温储热介质泵再循环调阀V33，全开高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀V32并调节高温储热介质泵再循环调阀V33开度可防止第一高温储热介质泵30或第二高温储热介质泵31出口流量小于汽蚀安全值。The high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32, the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32, the high temperature storage medium The heat medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33, fully opening the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32 and adjusting the opening of the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33 can prevent the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high temperature storage medium pump 30. The outlet flow of the heat medium pump 31 is less than the cavitation safety value.
第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13储热介质侧进口管道与第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31出口母管相连，第一级级间再热器10储热介质侧进口管道上依次布置有第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V34、第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V35、滤网，第二级级间再热器11储热介质侧进口管道上依次布置有第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V37、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V38、滤网，第三级级间再热器12储热介质侧进口管道上依次布置有第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V40、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V41、滤网，第四级级间再热器13储热介质侧进口管道上依次布置有第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V43、第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V44、滤网，第一级级间再热器10、第二级级间再热器11、第三级级间再热器12和第四级级间再热器13储热介质侧出口管道汇合后进入低温储热介质罐33，第一级级间再热器10储热介质侧出口管道上布置有第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V36，第二级级间再热器11储热介质侧出口管道上布置有第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V39，第三级级间再热器12储热介质侧出口管道上布置有第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V42，第四级级间再热器13储热介质侧出口管道上布置有第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V45，全关级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀、进口调阀、出口隔离阀可使级间再热器停运，级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀还可调节空气膨胀机进口空气温度，滤网用于去除高温储热介质所含杂质，低温储热介质罐33用于存储释放热量后的低温储热介质以供储能阶段使用。The first-stage inter-stage reheater 10, the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 are connected to the heat storage medium side inlet pipe and the first high-temperature storage medium. The heat medium pump 30 is connected to the outlet main pipe of the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31, and the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 are sequentially arranged on the heat storage medium side inlet pipes of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10. Isolation valve V34, first-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V35, filter screen, second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 The heat storage medium side inlet pipeline is sequentially arranged with second-stage inter-stage reheating The heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V37 of the second-stage interstage reheater, the heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38 of the second-stage inter-stage reheater, the filter screen, and the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 are arranged in sequence on the heat storage medium side inlet pipeline. The heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V40 of the third-stage interstage reheater, the heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V41 of the third-stage interstage reheater, the filter screen, the fourth-stage interstage reheater 13 The heat storage medium side inlet On the pipeline are sequentially arranged the inlet isolation valve V43 on the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage interstage reheater, the inlet regulating valve V44 on the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage interstage reheater, the filter screen, and the first-stage interstage reheater. 10. The second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12, and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 enter the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 after the heat storage medium side outlet pipes converge. The heat storage medium side outlet pipe of the inter-stage reheater 10 is arranged with an outlet isolation valve V36 on the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater, and the heat storage medium side outlet pipe of the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 is arranged with a The heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V39 of the second-stage inter-stage reheater, and the third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium-side outlet isolation valve is arranged on the heat storage medium side outlet pipeline of the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 V42, the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 heat storage medium side outlet pipe is arranged with the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve V45, which fully closes the inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation The valve, inlet regulating valve and outlet isolation valve can stop the interstage reheater. The inlet regulating valve on the heat storage medium side of the interstage reheater can also adjust the inlet air temperature of the air expander. The filter screen is used to remove the high temperature heat storage medium. Contained impurities, the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 is used to store the low-temperature heat storage medium after releasing heat for use in the energy storage stage.
如图2所示，本申请实施例的膨胀发电系统中还设置有必要的相关热工测点。热工测点可以例如是压力测点、 差压测点、温度测点、液位测点、流量测点、转速测点、振动测点、轴位移测点及轴不对中量测点等。As shown in FIG. 2 , necessary related thermal measuring points are also set in the expansion power generation system of the embodiment of the present application. The thermal measurement points can be, for example, pressure measurement points, differential pressure measurement points, temperature measurement points, liquid level measurement points, flow measurement points, rotational speed measurement points, vibration measurement points, shaft displacement measurement points, and shaft misalignment measurement points.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，第一级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前，将第一离合器7置于解锁状态，同时为使第一级空气膨胀机1进气参数快速确立，第一级储气室14内存储的压缩空气依次流经第一级储气室出口隔离阀V60、调阀V1后进入第一级级间再热器10空气侧吸热，吸热完成后再依次流经滤网、第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4、逆止阀、消声器排入大气；机组启动后，第一离合器7处于脱开状态，由于第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V4全关，压缩空气转而依次流经第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V2、第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀V3后进入第一级空气膨胀机1膨胀做功，产生的乏气再经出口管道逆止阀、消声器排入大气，第一级空气膨胀机1转子经齿轮箱减速器5减速后带动发电机6发电。In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is started under the first-stage operating condition, the first clutch 7 is placed in the unlocked state, and at the same time, in order to make the first The air intake parameters of the first-stage air expander 1 are quickly established, and the compressed air stored in the first-stage air storage chamber 14 flows through the first-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V60 and the regulating valve V1 in turn, and then enters the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10. The air side absorbs heat, and after the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4, the check valve, and the muffler and discharges into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7 is in a disengaged state , Since the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V4 is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V2 and the first-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V3 and then enters the first-stage air. The expander 1 expands to do work, and the generated exhaust gas is then discharged into the atmosphere through the outlet pipe check valve and muffler. The rotor of the first-stage air expander 1 is decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5 to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，第二级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前，将第一离合器7置于锁定状态、第二离合器8置于解锁状态，同时为使第二级空气膨胀机2进气参数快速确立，第二级储气室15内存储的压缩空气依次流经第二级储气室出口隔离阀V61、第二级储气室出口调阀V5后进入第二级级间再热器11空气侧吸热，吸热完成后再依次流经滤网、第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8、逆止阀、消声器排入大气；机组启动后，第一离合器7处于啮合状态、第二离合器8处于脱开状态，由于第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V8全关，压缩空气转而依次流经第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V6、第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀V7后进入第二级空气膨胀机2膨胀做功，产生的乏气再经出口管道逆止阀进入第一级级间再热器10空气侧重复第一级运行工况的再热做功过程，第一级空气膨胀机1和第二级空气膨胀机2转子经齿轮箱减速器5减速后带动发电机6发电。In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set starts under the second-stage operating condition, the first clutch 7 is placed in a locked state, and the second clutch 8 is placed in a locked state. In the unlocked state, at the same time, in order to quickly establish the intake parameters of the second-stage air expander 2, the compressed air stored in the second-stage air storage chamber 15 sequentially flows through the second-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V61, the second-stage storage chamber After the air chamber outlet regulating valve V5 enters the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11, the air side absorbs heat. After the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V8, the check valve, and the muffler in sequence. It is discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7 is in the engaged state and the second clutch 8 is in the disengaged state. Since the second stage air expander bypass valve V8 is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the second stage in turn. The air expander inlet shut-off valve V6 and the second-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V7 enter the second-stage air expander 2 to expand and do work, and the generated spent gas enters the first-stage inter-stage reheater through the check valve of the outlet pipeline 10 The air side repeats the reheating work process of the first-stage operating condition, and the rotors of the first-stage air expander 1 and the second-stage air expander 2 are decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5 to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，第三级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前，将第一离合器7和第二离合器8置于锁定状态，将第三离合器9置于解锁状态，同时为使第三级空气膨胀机3进气参数快速确立，第三级储气室16内存储的压缩空气依次流经第三级储气室出口隔离阀V62、第三级储气室出口调阀V9后进入第三级级间再热器12空气侧吸热，吸热完成后再依次流经滤网、第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12、逆止阀、消声器排入大气；机组启动后，第一离合器7和第二离合器8处于啮合状态，第三离合器9处于脱开状态，由于第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V12全关，压缩空气转而依次流经第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V10、第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀V11后进入第三级空气膨胀机3膨胀做功，产生的乏气再经出口管道逆止阀进入第二级级间再热器11空气侧重复第二级运行工况的再热做功过程，第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2和第三级空气膨胀机3转子经齿轮箱减速器5减速后带动发电机6发电。In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, the first clutch 7 and the second clutch 8 are placed in a locked state before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is started under the third-stage operating condition. The third clutch 9 is placed in the unlocked state, and at the same time, in order to quickly establish the intake parameters of the third-stage air expander 3, the compressed air stored in the third-stage air storage chamber 16 flows through the third-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve in turn. V62, the third-stage air storage chamber outlet regulating valve V9 enters the third-stage inter-stage reheater 12 to absorb heat on the air side, and after the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen and the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 in turn. , the check valve and the muffler are discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7 and the second clutch 8 are in the engaged state, and the third clutch 9 is in the disengaged state, because the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V12 is fully closed The compressed air then flows through the third-stage air expander inlet cut-off valve V10 and the third-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V11 in turn, and then enters the third-stage air expander 3 to expand and do work, and the generated spent gas is then reversed through the outlet pipeline. The check valve enters the air side of the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 and repeats the reheating work process of the second-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2 and the third-stage air expander 3 The rotor drives the generator 6 to generate electricity after being decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5 .
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，第四级运行工况下级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动前，将第一离合器7、第二离合器8和第三离合器9置于锁定状态，同时为使第四级空气膨胀机4进气参数快速确立，第四级储气室17内存储的压缩空气依次流经第四级储气室出口隔离阀V63、第四级储气室出口调阀V13后进入第四级级间再热器13空气侧吸热，吸热完成后再依次流经滤网、第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16、逆止阀、消声器排入大气；机组启动后，第一离合器7、第二离合器8和第三离合器9处于啮合状态，由于第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀V16全关，压缩空气转而依次流经第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀V14、第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀V15后进入第四级空气膨胀机4膨胀做功，产生的乏气再经出口管道逆止阀进入第三级级间再热器12空气侧重复第三级运行工况的再热做功过程，第一级空气膨胀机1、第二级空气膨胀机2、第三级空气膨胀机3和第四级空气膨胀机4转子经齿轮箱减速器5减速后带动发电机6发电。In an application example of an expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, the first clutch 7 , the second clutch 8 and the third clutch 9 are connected to the first clutch 7 , the second clutch 8 and the third clutch 9 before the inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set is started under the fourth stage operating condition. Put in the locked state, and at the same time, in order to quickly establish the intake parameters of the fourth-stage air expander 4, the compressed air stored in the fourth-stage air storage chamber 17 flows through the fourth-stage air storage chamber outlet isolation valve V63, the fourth-stage air storage chamber in turn After the outlet regulating valve V13 of the air storage chamber, it enters the air side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 to absorb heat. After the heat absorption is completed, it flows through the filter screen, the fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve V16, the check valve, The muffler is discharged into the atmosphere; after the unit is started, the first clutch 7, the second clutch 8 and the third clutch 9 are in the engaged state. Since the bypass regulating valve V16 of the fourth stage air expander is fully closed, the compressed air turns to flow through the first clutch. The fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve V14 and the fourth-stage air expander inlet regulating valve V15 enter the fourth-stage air expander 4 to expand and do work, and the generated spent gas enters the third-stage inter-stage through the check valve of the outlet pipeline. The air side of the heater 12 repeats the reheating work process of the third-stage operating condition, the first-stage air expander 1, the second-stage air expander 2, the third-stage air expander 3 and the fourth-stage air expander 4 rotors After being decelerated by the gearbox reducer 5, the generator 6 is driven to generate electricity.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组启动后，高温储热介质罐32中的高温储热介质依次流经第一高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V28、滤网后进入第一高温储热介质泵30加压，然后再经第一高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V29后进入第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31出口母管；或依次流经第二高温储热介质泵进口隔离阀V30、滤网后进入第二高温储热介质泵31加压，然后再经第二高温储热介质泵出口隔离阀V31后进入第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31出口母管。第一高温储热介质泵30和第二高温储热介质泵31可互为备用，也可同时运行。在第一级运行工况下，出口母管中的高温储热介质依次流经第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V34、第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V35、滤网后进入第一级级间再热器10储热介质侧放热，然后再经第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V36后进入低温储热介质罐33；在第二级运行工况下，出口母管中的高温储热介质除了保持第一级运行工况流路外，还依次流经第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V37、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V38、滤网后进入第二级级间再热器11储热介质侧放热， 然后再经第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V39后进入低温储热介质罐33；在第三级运行工况下，出口母管中的高温储热介质除了保持第二级运行工况流路外，还依次流经第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V40、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V41、滤网后进入第三级级间再热器12储热介质侧放热，然后再经第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V42后进入低温储热介质罐33；在第四级运行工况下，出口母管中的高温储热介质除了保持第三级运行工况流路外，还依次流经第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀V43、第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀V44、滤网后进入第四级级间再热器13储热介质侧放热，然后再经第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀V45后进入低温储热介质罐33；在一个实施例中，当第一高温储热介质泵30或第二高温储热介质泵31出口流量小于汽蚀安全值时，高温储热介质依次流经高温储热介质泵再循环隔离阀V32、高温储热介质泵再循环调阀V33后返回至高温储热介质罐32，以维持第一高温储热介质泵30或第二高温储热介质泵31最小工作流量。In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, after the inter-stage reheat air expansion generator set is started, the high temperature heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 flows through the first high temperature heat storage medium in sequence The pump inlet isolation valve V28 and the filter screen enter the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 for pressure, and then enter the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump through the first high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet isolation valve V29. The heat medium pump 31 exits the main pipe; or flows through the second high temperature heat storage medium pump inlet isolation valve V30 and the filter screen in sequence, and then enters the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 to be pressurized, and then passes through the second high temperature heat storage medium pump outlet. After the isolation valve V31, it enters the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 outlet main pipe. The first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 31 can be used as backup for each other, and can also run simultaneously. Under the first-stage operating condition, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet main pipe flows through the inlet isolation valve V34 on the heat-storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater and the heat-storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater in sequence. The inlet regulating valve V35 and the filter screen enter the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater 10 to release heat, and then enter the low-temperature heat storage medium through the outlet isolation valve V36 on the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater Tank 33; under the second-stage operating condition, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet parent pipe not only maintains the flow path under the first-stage operating condition, but also flows through the heat storage medium side inlet of the second-stage inter-stage reheater in sequence Isolation valve V37, second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve V38, and filter screen enter the second-stage inter-stage reheater 11 to release heat on the heat storage medium side, and then pass through the second-stage inter-stage reheater. The outlet isolation valve V39 on the heat storage medium side of the heat exchanger enters the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33; under the third-stage operating condition, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the outlet main pipe not only maintains the flow path under the second-stage operating condition, but also It flows through the inlet isolation valve V40 on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage interstage reheater, the inlet regulating valve V41 on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage interstage reheater, and the filter screen, and then enters the third-stage interstage reheater 12 The heat storage medium side releases heat, and then enters the low temperature heat storage medium tank 33 through the outlet isolation valve V42 on the heat storage medium side of the third-stage inter-stage reheater; under the fourth-stage operating condition, the high temperature in the outlet main pipe In addition to maintaining the flow path of the third-stage operating condition, the heat storage medium also flows through the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve V43 and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet adjustment valve. Valve V44 and filter screen enter the heat storage medium side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater 13 to release heat, and then enter the low-temperature heat storage medium tank 33 through the outlet isolation valve V45 of the heat-storage medium side of the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater In one embodiment, when the outlet flow rate of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31 is less than the cavitation safety value, the high temperature heat storage medium sequentially flows through the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation isolation valve V32, the high temperature heat storage medium pump recirculation regulating valve V33 returns to the high temperature heat storage medium tank 32 to maintain the minimum working flow of the first high temperature heat storage medium pump 30 or the second high temperature heat storage medium pump 31.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，上述膨胀发电系统还包括系统步序控制逻辑操作按钮，及启动备用高温储热介质泵联锁按钮，及储热介质子系统排空、预热完成按钮，及阀门投入自动按钮，及变频器投入自动按钮、及离合器锁定、解锁按钮等。上述按钮例如可以设置在分布式控制系统的控制面板上。其中，系统步序控制逻辑操作按钮用于控制膨胀发电系统启停；利用启动备用高温储热介质泵联锁按钮可自动投入设备联锁，当联锁投入后，若其中一台设备跳闸，另一台设备可以迅速联锁启动，维持膨胀发电系统正常运行，例如，当启动备用高温储热介质泵联锁按钮按下后，如果第一高温储热介质泵30跳闸，那么第二高温储热介质泵31会迅速联锁启动；储热介质子系统排空、预热完成按钮用于当完成排空、预热操作时按下，以进行下一步序；阀门投入自动按钮用于自动控制阀门开度变化以满足某一物理量变化需求；变频器投入自动按钮用于自动控制变频器频率变化以满足某一物理量变化需求；离合器锁定、解锁按钮分别用于进行离合器锁定、解锁操作。In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, the expansion power generation system further includes a system step control logic operation button, an interlock button for starting the standby high temperature heat storage medium pump, and a heat storage medium subsystem arrangement. Empty, preheating completion buttons, and valve input automatic button, and inverter input automatic button, and clutch lock, unlock button, etc. The above-mentioned buttons can be provided, for example, on the control panel of the distributed control system. Among them, the system step sequence control logic operation button is used to control the start and stop of the expansion power generation system; the interlock button for starting the standby high temperature heat storage medium pump can be used to automatically activate the equipment interlock. When the interlock is activated, if one of the equipment trips, the other A piece of equipment can be interlocked and started quickly to maintain the normal operation of the expansion power generation system. For example, when the interlock button for starting the standby high-temperature heat storage medium pump is pressed, if the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 trips, then the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump 30 trips. The medium pump 31 will be interlocked and started quickly; the emptying and preheating completion buttons of the heat storage medium subsystem are used to press when the emptying and preheating operations are completed to proceed to the next sequence; the automatic valve input button is used to automatically control the valve The opening degree changes to meet the changing requirements of a certain physical quantity; the inverter input automatic button is used to automatically control the frequency change of the inverter to meet the changing requirements of a certain physical quantity; the clutch locking and unlocking buttons are used for clutch locking and unlocking operations respectively.
在用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统的应用实例中，空气膨胀机的种类不限，可以是各类透平式空气膨胀机也可以是各类容积式空气膨胀机，也可以是不同种类空气膨胀机的组合，做功工质可以是空气或湿空气；所述高温储热介质泵的种类不限，可以是各类叶片式泵也可以是各类容积式泵或其他类型泵，也可以是不同种类泵的组合；高温储热介质可以是水，也可以是导热油或石蜡等有机类储热介质，还可以是各类熔融盐等无机类储热介质等。In the application example of the expansion power generation system used in the compressed air energy storage power station, the types of air expanders are not limited. A combination of various types of air expanders, the working medium can be air or humid air; the types of the high-temperature heat storage medium pumps are not limited, and they can be various types of vane pumps, various types of positive displacement pumps or other types of pumps, or It can be a combination of different types of pumps; the high-temperature heat storage medium can be water, organic heat storage media such as heat transfer oil or paraffin, or inorganic heat storage media such as various molten salts.
本发明中应用了具体实施例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, the principles and implementations of the present invention are described by using specific embodiments, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; The idea of the invention will have changes in the specific embodiments and application scope. To sum up, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，包括：多个级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组，以及，用于对各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组进行高温储热和低温储热的储热介质子系统；An expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station, characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of inter-stage reheated air expansion generating units, and a Heat storage medium subsystem for high temperature heat storage and low temperature heat storage;
    各个所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组均包括：一个空气膨胀机和与该空气膨胀机连接的一组再热储气组件；各个所述空气膨胀机之间可控式串联，各组所述再热储气组件之间并联；Each of the inter-stage reheated air expansion generator sets includes: an air expander and a group of reheated air storage components connected to the air expander; each of the air expanders is controllably connected in series, each group The reheat gas storage components are connected in parallel;
    各个所述再热储气组件均包括：与对应的空气膨胀机依次连接的一个级间再热器和一个储气室；各个所述储气室分别与处于储能阶段的压缩空气储能电站内的各个空气压缩机一对一连接，各个所述级间再热器分别连接至所述储热介质子系统。Each of the reheated air storage assemblies includes: an inter-stage reheater and an air storage chamber sequentially connected to the corresponding air expander; Each air compressor in the station is connected one-to-one, and each of the inter-stage reheaters is respectively connected to the heat storage medium subsystem.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述压缩空气储能电站内的空气压缩机包括：第一级空气压缩机、第二级空气压缩机、第三级空气压缩机和第四级空气压缩机；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 1, wherein the air compressor in the compressed air energy storage power station comprises: a first-stage air compressor and a second-stage air compressor , the third stage air compressor and the fourth stage air compressor;
    相对应的，所述级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第一级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组、第二级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组、第三级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组和第四级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组；Correspondingly, the interstage reheat air expansion generator set includes: a first interstage reheat air expansion generator set, a second interstage reheat air expansion generator set, and a third interstage reheat air expansion generator set. Generating sets and fourth-stage inter-reheat air expansion generating sets;
    所述第一级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第一级空气膨胀机，所述第一级空气膨胀机经由依次连接的第一级级间再热器和第一级储气室连接至所述第一级空气压缩机；The first-stage reheating air expansion generator set includes: a first-stage air expander, the first-stage air expander is connected to the first-stage air storage chamber via the first-stage inter-stage reheaters connected in sequence to the first stage air compressor;
    所述第二级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第二级空气膨胀机，所述第二级空气膨胀机经由依次连接的第二级级间再热器和第二级储气室连接至所述第二级空气压缩机；The second-stage reheating air expansion generator set includes: a second-stage air expander, the second-stage air expander is connected to the second-stage air storage chamber via the second-stage inter-stage reheater connected in sequence to the second stage air compressor;
    所述第三级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第三级空气膨胀机，所述第三级空气膨胀机经由依次连接的第三级级间再热器和第三级储气室连接至所述第三级空气压缩机；The third-stage reheating air expansion generator set includes: a third-stage air expander, the third-stage air expander is connected via the third-stage inter-stage reheater and the third-stage air storage chamber connected in sequence to the third stage air compressor;
    所述第四级间再热式空气膨胀发电机组包括：第四级空气膨胀机，所述第四级空气膨胀机经由依次连接的第四级级间再热器和第四级储气室连接至所述第四级空气压缩机；The fourth-stage inter-stage reheating air expansion generator set includes: a fourth-stage air expander, and the fourth-stage air expander is connected via the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater and the fourth-stage air storage chamber connected in sequence to the fourth stage air compressor;
    所述第一级空气膨胀机、第二级空气膨胀机、第三级空气膨胀机和第四级空气膨胀机依次连接；The first-stage air expander, the second-stage air expander, the third-stage air expander and the fourth-stage air expander are connected in sequence;
    所述第一级空气膨胀机与第二级空气膨胀机之间设有第一离合器；所述第二级空气膨胀机与第三级空气膨胀机之间设有第二离合器；所述第三级空气膨胀机与第四级空气膨胀机之间设有第三离合器。A first clutch is arranged between the first-stage air expander and the second-stage air expander; a second clutch is arranged between the second-stage air expander and the third-stage air expander; the third A third clutch is provided between the stage air expander and the fourth stage air expander.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述第一级空气膨胀机与一齿轮箱减速器的一端连接，且该齿轮箱减速器的另一端连接至一发电机。The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the first-stage air expander is connected to one end of a gearbox reducer, and the other end of the gearbox reducer is connected connected to a generator.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述储热介质子系统包括第一高温储热介质泵、第二高温储热介质泵、高温储热介质罐和低温储热介质罐；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the heat storage medium subsystem comprises a first high temperature heat storage medium pump, a second high temperature heat storage medium pump, a high temperature heat storage medium pump, and a high temperature heat storage medium pump. Medium tank and low temperature heat storage medium tank;
    所述第一高温储热介质泵分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器、第二级级间再热器、第三级级间再热器和第四级级间再热器的进口侧；The first high-temperature heat storage medium pump is connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater, the second-stage inter-stage reheater, the third-stage inter-stage reheater, and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater, respectively. inlet side;
    所述第二高温储热介质泵为所述第一高温储热介质泵的备用介质泵，该第二高温储热介质泵也分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器、第二级级间再热器、第三级级间再热器和第四级级间再热器的进口侧；The second high-temperature heat storage medium pump is a backup medium pump of the first high-temperature heat storage medium pump, and the second high-temperature heat storage medium pump is also connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater and the second-stage inter-stage reheater, respectively. the inlet side of the interstage reheater, the third stage interstage reheater and the fourth stage interstage reheater;
    所述高温储热介质罐分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器、第二级级间再热器、第三级级间再热器和第四级级间再热器的进口侧；The high-temperature heat storage medium tanks are respectively connected to the inlet sides of the first-stage inter-stage reheater, the second-stage inter-stage reheater, the third-stage inter-stage reheater, and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater ;
    所述低温储热介质罐分别连接至所述第一级级间再热器、第二级级间再热器、第三级级间再热器和第四级级间再热器的出口侧。The low-temperature heat storage medium tanks are respectively connected to the outlet sides of the first-stage inter-stage reheater, the second-stage inter-stage reheater, the third-stage inter-stage reheater, and the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater .
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述第一级空气压缩机经由第一级储气室进口隔离阀连接至所述第一级储气室；所述第一级储气室经由依次连接的第一级储气室出口隔离阀和第一级储气室出口调阀连接至所述第一级级间再热器；所述第一级级间再热器经由依次连接的第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀和第一级空气膨胀机进口调阀连接至所述第一级空气膨胀机；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the first-stage air compressor is connected to the first-stage air storage via a first-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve the first-stage air storage chamber is connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater via the first-stage air-storage chamber outlet isolation valve and the first-stage air-storage chamber outlet regulating valve, which are connected in sequence; An inter-stage reheater is connected to the first-stage air expander via a first-stage air-expander inlet shut-off valve and a first-stage air-expander inlet regulating valve connected in sequence;
    所述第一级级间再热器还经由依次连接的第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀和第一级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀连接至所述储热介质子系统；The first-stage inter-stage reheater is also connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater via the heat-storage medium side inlet regulating valve of the first-stage inter-stage reheater and the first-stage inter-stage reheater heat-storage medium side inlet isolation valve, which are connected in sequence. Heat storage medium subsystem;
    所述第一级空气膨胀机与一个消声器连接，且所述第一级级间再热器与所述第一级空气膨胀机进口切断阀之间设有第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀，该第一级空气膨胀机旁路调阀连接至所述第一级空气膨胀机对应的消声器。The first-stage air expander is connected to a muffler, and a first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is arranged between the first-stage inter-stage reheater and the first-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve , the first-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is connected to the corresponding muffler of the first-stage air expander.
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述第二级空气压缩机经由第二级储气室进口隔离阀连接至所述第二级储气室；所述第二级储气室经由依次连接的第二级储气室出口隔离阀和第二级储气室出口调阀连接至所述第二级级间再热器；所述第二级级间再热器经由依次连接的第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀和第二级空气膨胀机进口调阀连接至所述第二级空气膨胀机；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the second-stage air compressor is connected to the second-stage air storage via a second-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve the second-stage air storage chamber is connected to the second-stage inter-stage reheater via the second-stage air-storage chamber outlet isolation valve and the second-stage air-storage chamber outlet regulating valve, which are connected in sequence; an interstage reheater is connected to the second stage air expander via a second stage air expander inlet shut-off valve and a second stage air expander inlet regulating valve connected in sequence;
    所述第二级级间再热器还经由依次连接的第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀和第二级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀连接至所述储热介质子系统；The second-stage inter-stage reheater is also connected to the second-stage inter-stage reheater via the second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet regulating valve and the second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side inlet isolation valve, which are connected in sequence. Heat storage medium subsystem;
    所述第二级空气膨胀机与一个消声器连接，且所述第二级级间再热器与所述第二级空气膨胀机进口切断阀之间设有第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀，该第二级空气膨胀机旁路调阀连接至所述第二级空气膨胀机对应的消声器。The second-stage air expander is connected with a muffler, and a second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is arranged between the second-stage inter-stage reheater and the second-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve , the second-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is connected to the corresponding muffler of the second-stage air expander.
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述第三级空气压缩机经由第三级储气室进口隔离阀连接至所述第三级储气室；所述第三级储气室经由依次连接的第三级储气室出口隔离阀和第三级储气室出口调阀连接至所述第三级级间再热器；所述第三级级间再热器经由依次连接的第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀和第三级空气膨胀机进口调阀连接至所述第三级空气膨胀机；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the third-stage air compressor is connected to the third-stage gas storage via a third-stage gas storage chamber inlet isolation valve the third-stage air storage chamber is connected to the third-stage inter-stage reheater via the third-stage air-storage chamber outlet isolation valve and the third-stage air-storage chamber outlet regulating valve, which are connected in sequence; The interstage reheater is connected to the third stage air expander via the third stage air expander inlet shut-off valve and the third stage air expander inlet regulating valve connected in sequence;
    所述第三级级间再热器还经由依次连接的第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀和第三级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀连接至所述储热介质子系统；The third-stage inter-stage reheater is also connected to the Heat storage medium subsystem;
    所述第三级空气膨胀机与一个消声器连接，且所述第三级级间再热器与所述第三级空气膨胀机进口切断阀之间设有第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀，该第三级空气膨胀机旁路调阀连接至所述第三级空气膨胀机对应的消声器。The third-stage air expander is connected with a muffler, and a third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is arranged between the third-stage inter-stage reheater and the third-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve , the third-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is connected to the muffler corresponding to the third-stage air expander.
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，所述第四级空气压缩机经由第四级储气室进口隔离阀连接至所述第四级储气室；所述第四级储气室经由依次连接的第四级储气室出口隔离阀和第四级储气室出口调阀连接至所述第四级级间再热器；所述第四级级间再热器经由依次连接的第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀和第四级空气膨胀机进口调阀连接至所述第四级空气膨胀机；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the fourth-stage air compressor is connected to the fourth-stage air storage via a fourth-stage air storage chamber inlet isolation valve the fourth-stage air storage chamber is connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater via the fourth-stage air-storage chamber outlet isolation valve and the fourth-stage air-storage chamber outlet regulating valve, which are connected in sequence; The interstage reheater is connected to the fourth stage air expander via the fourth stage air expander inlet shut-off valve and the fourth stage air expander inlet regulating valve connected in sequence;
    所述第四级级间再热器还经由依次连接的第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口调阀和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧进口隔离阀连接至所述储热介质子系统；The fourth-stage interstage reheater is also connected to the Heat storage medium subsystem;
    所述第四级空气膨胀机与一个消声器连接，且所述第四级级间再热器与所述第四级空气膨胀机进口切断阀之间设有第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀，该第四级空气膨胀机旁路调阀连接至所述第四级空气膨胀机对应的消声器。The fourth-stage air expander is connected with a muffler, and a fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is arranged between the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater and the fourth-stage air expander inlet shut-off valve , the fourth-stage air expander bypass regulating valve is connected to the corresponding muffler of the fourth-stage air expander.
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，还包括：并联的第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀、第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀、第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀和第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, further comprising: a first-stage air storage chamber in parallel with an air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve, a second-stage air storage chamber Air supply expansion machine sealing air outlet isolation valve, third-stage air storage chamber air supply expansion machine sealing air outlet isolation valve and fourth air storage chamber air supply expansion machine sealing air outlet isolation valve;
    所述第一级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀与所述第一级储气室连接；The first-stage air storage chamber is connected to the air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve of the first-stage air storage chamber;
    所述第二级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀与所述第二级储气室连接；The second-stage air storage chamber is connected to the air-supply expander sealing air outlet isolation valve with the second-stage air storage chamber;
    所述第三级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀与所述第三级储气室连接；The third-stage air storage chamber is connected to the third-stage air storage chamber by the sealing air outlet isolation valve of the air expander;
    所述第四级储气室供空气膨胀机密封风出口隔离阀与所述第四级储气室连接。The fourth-stage air storage chamber is connected to the fourth-stage air storage chamber, and the sealing air outlet isolation valve of the air expander is connected.
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的用于压缩空气储能电站的膨胀发电系统，其特征在于，还包括：并联的第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀、第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀、第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀和第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀；The expansion power generation system for a compressed air energy storage power station according to claim 2, further comprising: an outlet isolation valve on the heat storage medium side of the first-stage inter-stage reheater connected in parallel; a second-stage inter-stage reheater; Heater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve, third-stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve and fourth-stage interstage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve;
    所述第一级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀与所述第一级级间再热器连接；The first-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve is connected to the first-stage inter-stage reheater;
    所述第二级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀与所述第二级级间再热器连接；The second-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve is connected to the second-stage inter-stage reheater;
    所述第三级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀与所述第三级级间再热器连接；The third-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve is connected to the third-stage inter-stage reheater;
    所述第四级级间再热器储热介质侧出口隔离阀与所述第四级级间再热器连接。The fourth-stage inter-stage reheater heat storage medium side outlet isolation valve is connected to the fourth-stage inter-stage reheater.
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