CN114961910A - Series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system and method - Google Patents
Series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 151
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention provides a series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system and a method, wherein the device system comprises an air compression module, an air storage device, a high-pressure turbine module and a first low-pressure turbine module which are sequentially connected; the first low-pressure turbine module is connected in parallel with the second low-pressure turbine module; the method comprises the following working modes: the system comprises an energy storage mode, a heat storage circulation mode, a series power generation mode, a switching mode and a parallel power generation mode, wherein the series power generation mode or the parallel power generation mode is selected according to the pressure state of gas storage. The invention solves the problem of low operation efficiency of the turbine unit deviating from a design point under the variable working condition of the gas storage pressure, simultaneously achieves the aims of reducing the design volume of the gas storage device and the gas storage investment, and is suitable for large-scale industrial popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to a series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system and a method.
Background
The electric power industry is moving to the accelerating transformation of a novel electric power system taking new energy as a main body, and the installed capacity of the new energy and the generated energy in a power grid are increasing. In order to stabilize the inherent randomness, intermittence and fluctuation of new energy power generation and maintain the safe and power smooth operation of a power grid, the energy storage technology is coming to a high-speed development period.
Compressed air energy storage is one of large-scale long-term energy storage technologies with high capacity, long period, safety, environmental protection and long service life, and has become one of mainstream developed energy storage technologies in recent years, the basic process is that when the electric load of a power grid is in a valley, redundant electric power is converted into internal energy and partial heat energy of compressed air through an air compressor, and the compressed air is stored in a high-pressure sealed container or an underground cave; and at the peak of power utilization of the power grid, the compressed air drives the air turbine to convert the internal energy into electric energy. When no underground salt mine or mine exists at the site of the current compressed air energy storage project, compressed air is stored mainly in a high-pressure container or tube bundle mode, so that high air storage investment cost is caused, the unit investment of energy storage is reduced, and the compressed air energy storage device is suitable for large-scale variable working condition flexible operation, and is one of research hotspots for converting a compressed air energy storage technology into large-scale commercial application.
The air turbine is one of key components of a compressed air energy storage system, and is responsible for converting stored high-pressure air expansion work into electric power output in the discharging process of the energy storage system, the air storage pressure can be continuously reduced along with the discharging depth, and the turbine can realize higher energy storage system efficiency only by keeping high performance under the variable working condition. However, when the pressure variation range of the compressed air is large, the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine unit is changed by several times, however, the design flow area of the current turbine is fixed, the turbine unit is difficult to maintain high efficiency in the large flow variation range, and the full load power generation output is difficult to achieve in the low parameter.
CN102518480A discloses a compressed air energy storage and coal-fired boiler integrated power generation system. The boiler system in the integrated system is respectively connected with 3 subsystems including a compressed air energy storage system, an air turbine power generation system and a steam turbine power generation system. The 3 subsystems are organically connected into an integrated power generation system. When the air compressor system is in a power utilization valley or the power grid cannot consume a large amount of renewable energy power, the residual power drives the air compressor system to compress air, and high-pressure air is stored in the large air storage chamber. During the peak of electricity utilization, high-pressure air is released, and is heated by a coal-fired boiler to drive a high-pressure air turbine and a low-pressure air turbine to generate electricity for a power grid; meanwhile, feed water is heated by the low-temperature heat accumulator and then enters the coal-fired boiler to generate steam to drive a steam turbine system to generate power, and the steam is also supplied to a power grid for peak shaving.
CN113202582A discloses a compressed air-gas reheating type combined cycle power generation system and a method. The system comprises a compressed air energy storage module, a lithium bromide refrigeration module, a gas power generation module, a high-pressure air turbine power generation module, a low-pressure air turbine power generation module, an air reheater and a gas-gas heat exchanger module, wherein the compressed air energy storage module is connected with a gas storage device, the lithium bromide refrigeration module is connected with the compressed air energy storage module and used for cooling and compressing heat, a gas turbine of the gas power generation module exhausts and is connected with the gas-gas heat exchanger module to heat compressed air discharged from the gas storage device, the high-pressure air turbine power generation module is connected with the gas-gas heat exchanger module and uses the heated compressed air to do work for power generation, the exhaust of the high-pressure air turbine power generation module is connected with the low-pressure air turbine module through the air reheater to do work for power generation, and an exhaust system of the low-pressure air turbine power generation module is connected with an exhaust chimney.
CN102518516A discloses an integrated compressed air energy storage-coal gasification power generation system and an integrated power generation method, where the integrated system includes 3 subsystems of a compressed air energy storage system, a coal gasification system and a turbine power generation system: when the air compressor is in a power utilization valley or a power grid cannot accept a large amount of renewable energy power, the residual power drives the air compressor to compress air, and high-pressure air is stored in the large air storage chamber; meanwhile, synthetic coal gas is generated by a gasification furnace and other devices and is stored in a coal gas storage chamber. In the peak of power consumption, high-pressure air and coal gas are respectively led out to drive the air expansion turbine and the coal gas turbine to generate power, then the high-pressure air and the coal gas enter the combustion chamber to be combusted, and high-temperature gas enters the gas turbine to generate power. In the system, sensible heat of the synthetic gas and indirect heat and cold of the compressor are stored and utilized through the heat storage device.
However, the system and the method have low operating efficiency of the turbine unit deviating from a design point under the variable working condition of the gas storage pressure, and the investment of the gas storage device is high.
Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a series-parallel combined compressed air energy storage device system and method which can still maintain high efficiency and high load capacity under wide-parameter variable working conditions, improve the effective utilization volume of the air storage unit, reduce the design volume of the air storage device and reduce investment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage device system and a method, the device system can realize a flexible mode of series operation of high-low pressure turbines or parallel connection and grading operation of a plurality of low pressure turbines by carrying out series-parallel design on a high-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine, solves the problem of low operation efficiency of a turbine unit deviating from a design point under a variable working condition of gas storage pressure, and simultaneously achieves the aims of reducing the design volume of a gas storage device and reducing the gas storage investment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system, which comprises an air compression module, an air storage device, a high-pressure turbine module and a first low-pressure turbine module which are sequentially connected; the first low pressure turbine module is connected in parallel with the second low pressure turbine module.
The series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system is suitable for a turbine unit system with compressed air energy storage, wide load and variable working condition operation, wherein the air compression module is used for converting electric energy into internal energy of compressed air, and the high-pressure turbine module, the first low-pressure turbine module and the second low-pressure turbine module are used for converting the internal energy of the compressed air into electric energy to be output. Different power generation modes are selected according to the pressure state of the gas storage, and when the pressure of the gas storage is higher, the high-pressure turbine module and the first low-pressure turbine module are connected in series to generate power; when the gas storage pressure is low, the first low-pressure turbine module and the second low-pressure turbine module run in parallel to generate electricity, the depth of discharge of compressed air is effectively improved, the effective utilization volume of the gas storage device is improved, and the design volume and investment of the gas storage device can be reduced on the premise of meeting the energy storage requirement.
Preferably, the air compression module comprises an electric motor, an air compression device and an interstage cooling device which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the cold storage device, the interstage cooling device and the heat storage device are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the plant system comprises at least two sets of air compression modules arranged in series in sequence.
Preferably, the high-pressure turbine module comprises a first heat exchange device, a high-pressure turbine and a first generator which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, a first control valve is arranged on a pipeline of the first heat exchange device connected with the high-pressure turbine.
Preferably, the second control valve is connected to the first low-pressure turbine module.
Preferably, the high-pressure turbine module is connected to the second low-pressure turbine module via a third control valve.
Preferably, the first low pressure turbine module includes a second heat exchange device and a first low pressure turbine connected in series.
Preferably, said second heat exchange means is connected to a fourth control valve in the conduit to which the first low pressure turbine is connected.
Preferably, the heat storage device, the second heat exchange device and the cold storage device are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the plant system comprises at least three sets of first low pressure turbine modules arranged in series one after the other.
Preferably, the last group of first low-pressure turbine modules is also connected to a second generator.
Preferably, the second low pressure turbine module comprises a second low pressure turbine.
Preferably, the number of second low-pressure turbine modules is at least three.
Preferably, the second low pressure turbine modules of at least three groups are each independently connected in parallel with the first low pressure turbine.
When the second low-pressure turbine and the first low-pressure turbine are connected in parallel, the second heat exchange device is shared for heat exchange, and the investment of the whole device system can be saved to a certain extent.
Preferably, the last group of second low pressure turbine modules is also connected to a third generator.
Preferably, the device system further comprises an air purification device.
Preferably, the air purification device is connected with an air compression module.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a series-parallel combination type compressed air energy storage method, where the method is performed by using the series-parallel combination type compressed air energy storage device system described in the first aspect, and the method includes the following operation modes: an energy storage mode, a heat storage circulation mode, a series power generation mode, a switching mode and a parallel power generation mode.
The series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage method realizes the staged expansion work of the high-pressure turbine module and the low-pressure turbine module, maintains the stable operation of the device system, and realizes the full-load power generation output of the high-pressure turbine device and the low-pressure turbine under the variable working condition. The method has simple flow of each working mode, is easy to regulate and control, and is favorable for large-scale popularization and application in engineering.
Preferably, the energy storage mode includes that ambient air enters the air compression device and is changed into gas under pressure, and then enters the gas storage device for storage.
Preferably, the heat storage circulation mode comprises that cold energy in the cold storage device is supplied to the interstage cooling device, and heat of the gas with pressure is stored in the heat storage device; and then, after the heat in the heat storage device is respectively supplied to the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device for use, the cold energy is collected in the cold storage device to realize heat storage circulation.
Preferably, the series power generation mode includes that the stored gas sequentially enters the high-pressure turbine module and the first low-pressure turbine module to do work, and the first generator and the second generator are respectively driven to generate power.
Preferably, the gas storage in the series power generation mode is subjected to sliding pressure from a first pressure point to a second pressure point.
Preferably, the switching mode includes switching from the series power generation mode to the parallel power generation mode.
Preferably, the gas storage in the switching power generation mode is subjected to sliding pressure from the second pressure point to the third pressure point.
Preferably, the parallel power generation mode includes that the stored gas respectively enters the first low-pressure turbine module and the second low-pressure turbine module to do work, and the second generator and the third generator are respectively driven to generate power.
Preferably, the gas storage in the parallel power generation mode is subjected to sliding pressure from a third pressure point to a fourth pressure point.
The series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage method is based on a staged expansion work doing principle, when gas storage is in a first pressure state, a high-low pressure turbine series work doing power generation mode is adopted, and when gas stored in the gas storage device is in a second pressure state, a plurality of low pressure turbines are adopted for parallel power generation mode. On one hand, the parallel operation of the turbines under the wide-parameter variable working condition is realized to maintain high efficiency and high load capacity, and the flexibility of the variable working condition operation is improved; on the other hand, the high-low pressure turbine series-parallel connection power generation mode improves the discharge depth of gas storage, improves the effective utilization volume of the gas storage device, and can obviously reduce the design volume of the gas storage device and reduce investment.
Preferably, a medium at the hot side of the interstage cooling device is a gas with pressure, and a medium at the cold side is any one of water and heat conducting oil.
Preferably, the gas storage device comprises any one of a gas storage tank, a pipe bundle or an underground cave.
The design volume of the gas storage device is proportional to the product of the energy storage duration and the power.
Preferably, the medium of the cold storage device is any one of water and heat conducting oil.
Preferably, the medium of the heat storage device is any one of water and heat conducting oil.
The medium replacement of the heat storage device only influences the gas storage temperature under different pressure states.
Preferably, the first pressure P of the pressurized gas is 8MPa or less and P or less and 15MPa, and may be, for example, 8MPa, 8.5MPa, 9MPa, 10MPa, 12MPa, 14MPa, 14.5MPa or 15MPa, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed within the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the first pressure point P1 is 8MPa < P1. ltoreq.15 MPa, and may be, for example, 8.1MPa, 9MPa, 10MPa, 12MPa or 15MPa, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed within this range are also applicable.
Preferably, the second pressure point P2 is 5.5MPa P2 MPa 8.5MPa, such as 5.5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa or 8.5MPa, but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the third pressure point P3 is less than the second pressure point by 0.1 MPa.ltoreq.P.ltoreq.1 MPa, and may be, for example, 0.1MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.8MPa or 1MPa, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable.
Preferably, the fourth pressure point P4 is 1 MPa.ltoreq.P 4<6MPa, and may be, for example, 1MPa, 3MPa, 5MPa, 5.5MPa or 5.9MPa, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the numerical range are also applicable.
Preferably, the temperature of the gas in the gas storage means is-10 to 50 ℃, and may be, for example, -10 ℃, -8 ℃, -5 ℃, 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ or 50 ℃, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the temperature of the gas before entering the turbine in the series power generation mode, the switching power generation mode and the parallel power generation mode is 80 to 320 ℃, for example, 80 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 310 ℃ or 320 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method comprises the following working modes: energy storage mode, heat accumulation circulation mode, series connection power generation mode, switching mode and parallel connection power generation mode:
the energy storage mode comprises that ambient air enters the air compression device to be changed into pressurized gas with the pressure P of 8MPa or more and 15MPa or less and the temperature of normal temperature, and then enters the air storage device to be stored;
the heat storage circulation mode comprises that cold energy in the cold storage device is supplied to the interstage cooling device, and heat of gas with pressure is stored in the heat storage device; then, after the heat in the heat storage device is respectively supplied to the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device for use, the cold energy is collected in the cold storage device to realize heat storage circulation; the hot side medium of the interstage cooling device is pressurized gas, and the cold side medium is any one of water or heat conducting oil; the gas storage device comprises any one of a gas storage tank, a pipe bundle or an underground cave; the medium of the cold storage device is any one of water or heat conducting oil; the medium of the heat storage device is any one of water or heat conducting oil;
the serial power generation mode comprises the steps that gas storage sequentially enters the high-pressure turbine module and the first low-pressure turbine module to do work, and the first generator and the second generator are respectively driven to generate power; in the series power generation mode, the gas storage is carried out from the first pressure point of 8MPa < P1 < 15MPa to the second pressure point of 5.5MPa < P2<8.5 MPa;
the switching mode comprises switching from a series power generation mode to a parallel power generation mode; in the switching power generation mode, the gas storage is subjected to sliding pressure from a second pressure point, which is more than or equal to 5.5MPa and less than or equal to P2 and less than 8.5MPa, to a third pressure point; the pressure P3 of gas storage under the state of the third pressure point is less than the second pressure point by 0.1MPa and less than or equal to delta P and less than or equal to 1 MPa;
the specific process of switching the modes of the invention is as follows: when the pressure in the gas storage device is reduced to be smaller than a second pressure point by 0.1MPa or more and delta P or less than 1MPa or less, the opening degree of a first control valve of the high-pressure turbine is reduced to adjust the flow, meanwhile, a second control valve in front of the first low-pressure turbine and the second low-pressure turbine is opened, a third control valve at the inlet of the second low-pressure turbine is opened, a fourth control valve in front of the first low-pressure turbine is closed, the flow of the second low-pressure turbine is increased, when the second low-pressure turbine is in a full-power state under the gas storage pressure, the first control valve in front of the high-pressure turbine is closed, the fourth control valve in front of the first low-pressure turbine is opened, the first low-pressure turbine is started, and the parallel operation of the first low-pressure turbine and the second low-pressure turbine is realized.
The first low-pressure turbine and the second low-pressure turbine respectively regulate the flow through a valve in front of the turbines, the whole process lasts for about 5-12 min, the second low-pressure turbine only needs 10-30 s from stopping to restarting, and the first low-pressure turbine can continuously keep inertia rotation to have small influence on the output operation of the system in the process. The parallel power generation mode comprises the steps that gas storage respectively enters a first low-pressure turbine module and a second low-pressure turbine module to do work, and a second generator and a third generator are respectively driven to generate power; in the parallel power generation mode, the gas storage is subjected to sliding pressure from the third pressure point to the fourth pressure point, wherein the pressure is more than or equal to 1MPa and is more than or equal to P4 and less than 6 MPa.
Considering the variable load regulation capability of the turbine set, when the air turbine parameters are all operated under rated parameters, the rated output of the high-pressure turbine accounts for 30-50% of the total rated output of the power grid demand, and the rated outputs of the first low-pressure turbine and the second low-pressure turbine account for 50-70% of the total rated output of the power grid demand.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system provided by the invention improves the effective utilization volume of the air storage device, and can reduce the design volume of the air storage device on the premise of meeting the energy storage requirement, thereby achieving the purpose of greatly reducing the engineering cost of the air storage device and improving the economy of the whole device system;
(2) the series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage method enables the high-low pressure turbine set to meet the operation requirement of variable working conditions under system wide pressure conversion, and maintains high-level power generation efficiency in the whole discharge period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a series-parallel combination type compressed air energy storage device system provided in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a switching mode in the method for storing energy by compressed air in series-parallel combination provided in embodiment 1.
In the figure: 1-an air purification device; 2-a first electric motor; 3-a first air compression device; 4-first interstage cooling means; 5-a second motor; 6-a second air compression device; 7-a second interstage cooling device; 8-a third motor; 9-a third air compression unit; 10-a third inter-stage cooling device; 11-a fourth motor; 12-a fourth air compression unit; 13-a fourth interstage cooling device; 14-gas storage means; 15-a cold storage device; 16-a heat storage device; 17-a first heat exchange means; 18-a high pressure turbine; 19-a first generator; 20-a first control valve; 21-a second control valve; 22-a third control valve; 23-second heat exchange means a; 24-a first low pressure turbine a; 25-a fourth control valve; 26-second heat exchange means b; 27-a first low pressure turbine b; 28-second heat exchange means c; 29-a first low pressure turbine c; 30-a second generator; 31-a second low pressure turbine a; 32-a second low pressure turbine b; 33-a second low pressure turbine c; 34-third generator.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention necessarily includes necessary piping, conventional valves and general pump equipment for achieving the complete process, but the above contents do not belong to the main inventive points of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select the layout of the additional equipment based on the process flow and the equipment structure, and the present invention is not particularly limited to this.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage device system, and a schematic diagram of the series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage device system is shown in fig. 1.
The device system comprises an air compression module, an air storage device 14, a high-pressure turbine module and a first low-pressure turbine module which are sequentially connected; the first low pressure turbine module is connected in parallel with the second low pressure turbine module.
The device system further comprises an air purification device 1; the air purification device 1 is connected with an air compression module.
The device system comprises four groups of air compression modules which are sequentially connected in series and named as a first air compression module, a second air compression module, a third air compression module and a fourth air compression module respectively.
The first air compression module comprises a first motor 2, a first air compression device 3 and a first inter-stage cooling device 4 which are sequentially connected; the cold storage device 15, the first-stage intercooling device 4 and the heat storage device 16 are connected in sequence. The second air compression module comprises a second motor 5, a second air compression device 6 and a second inter-stage cooling device 7 which are connected in sequence; the cold storage device 15, the second-stage intercooling device 7 and the heat storage device 16 are connected in sequence. The third air compression module comprises a third motor 8, a third air compression device 9 and a third inter-stage cooling device 10 which are sequentially connected; the cold storage device 15, the third-stage intercooling device 10 and the heat storage device 16 are connected in sequence. The fourth air compression module comprises a fourth motor 11, a fourth air compression device 12 and a fourth inter-stage cooling device 13 which are connected in sequence; the cold storage device 15, the fourth intercooling device 13 and the heat storage device 16 are connected in sequence.
The high-pressure turbine module comprises a first heat exchange device 17, a high-pressure turbine 18 and a first generator 19 which are connected in sequence; a first control valve 20 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the first heat exchange device 17 and the high-pressure turbine 18; a second control valve 21 on a pipeline connecting the high pressure turbine module and the first low pressure turbine module; the third control valve 22 is connected to the high-pressure turbine module and the second low-pressure turbine module.
The plant system comprises three groups of first low-pressure turbine modules which are sequentially connected in series and named as a first low-pressure turbine module a, a first low-pressure turbine module b and a first low-pressure turbine module c respectively.
The first low pressure turbine module a comprises a second heat exchange device a23 and a first low pressure turbine a24 which are connected in sequence; said second heat exchange means a23 being connected to a fourth control valve 25 on the line connecting the first low pressure turbine a 24; the heat storage device 16, the second heat exchange device a23 and the cold storage device 15 are connected in sequence;
the first low pressure turbine module b comprises a second heat exchange device b26 and a first low pressure turbine b27 which are connected in sequence; the heat storage device 16, the second heat exchange device b26 and the cold storage device 15 are connected in sequence; the first low pressure turbine module c comprises a second heat exchange device c28 and a first low pressure turbine c29 which are connected in sequence, the heat storage device 16, the second heat exchange device c28 and the cold storage device 15 are connected in sequence, and the first low pressure turbine c29 is also connected with the second generator 30.
The number of the second low-pressure turbine modules is three, and the second low-pressure turbine modules are named as a second low-pressure turbine module a, a second low-pressure turbine module b and a second low-pressure turbine module c respectively; the three sets of second low pressure turbine modules are each independently connected in parallel with the first low pressure turbine. Said second low pressure turbine module a comprises a second low pressure turbine a 31; the second low-pressure turbine module b comprises a second low-pressure turbine b32, the second low-pressure turbine module c comprises a second low-pressure turbine c33, which is also connected to a third generator 34.
The embodiment also provides a series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage method which is carried out by adopting the series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage device system. The method comprises the following working modes: energy storage mode, heat accumulation circulation mode, series connection power generation mode, switching mode and parallel connection power generation mode:
the energy storage mode comprises that ambient air enters the air compression device to be changed into pressurized air with the pressure of 10MPa, and then enters the air storage device to be stored;
the heat storage circulation mode comprises that cold energy in the cold storage device is supplied to the interstage cooling device, and heat of gas with pressure is stored in the heat storage device; then the heat in the heat storage device is respectively supplied to the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device for use, and then the cold energy is collected in the cold storage device to realize heat storage circulation; the hot side medium of the interstage cooling device is pressurized gas, and the cold side medium is any one of water or heat conducting oil; the gas storage device is a gas storage tank; the medium of the cold storage device is heat conduction oil; the medium of the heat storage device is heat conduction oil;
when the gas stored in the gas storage device is in a first pressure state, a series power generation mode is adopted; when the gas stored in the gas storage device is in a second pressure state, a parallel power generation mode is adopted; when the gas stored in the gas storage device is in a third pressure state, a switching mode is adopted;
the serial power generation mode comprises the steps that gas storage sequentially enters the high-pressure turbine module and the first low-pressure turbine module to do work, and the first generator and the second generator are respectively driven to generate power; in the series power generation mode, gas storage is carried out from a first pressure point of 12MPa to a second pressure point of 6.1MPa in a sliding manner;
the switching mode comprises the switching of the gas storage from a series power generation mode to a parallel power generation mode; in the switching power generation mode, the gas storage is subjected to sliding pressure from a second pressure point of 6.1MPa to a third pressure point; the pressure P3 of gas storage under the state of the third pressure point is 0.1MPa less than that of the second pressure point and is 6.0 MPa;
the parallel power generation mode comprises the steps that gas storage respectively enters a first low-pressure turbine module and a second low-pressure turbine module to do work, and a second generator and a third generator are respectively driven to generate power; and in the parallel power generation mode, the gas storage is subjected to sliding pressure from a third pressure point to a fourth pressure point of 3 MPa.
The temperature of the stored gas at the first pressure is 290 deg.C, the temperature of the stored gas at the second pressure is 290 deg.C, and the temperature of the stored gas at the third pressure is 290 deg.C.
The flow chart of the switching mode is shown in fig. 2.
When the pressure of the stored gas is reduced to 6.1Mpa, the opening of a first control valve of the high-pressure turbine is slowly reduced to adjust the flow, meanwhile, a second control valve is slowly opened, a third control valve is opened, a fourth control valve is closed, the flow of the stored gas in the second low-pressure turbine module is slowly increased, when the second low-pressure turbine a, the second low-pressure turbine b and the second low-pressure turbine c are in a full-power generation state under the pressure of the stored gas, the first control valve in front of the high-pressure turbine is slowly closed, the fourth control valve is opened, the first low-pressure turbine a, the first low-pressure turbine b and the first low-pressure turbine c are started, the first low-pressure turbine module and the second low-pressure turbine module run in parallel, and the conversion from the series-connection power generation mode to the parallel-connection power generation mode is successfully realized.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system, which is the same as the device system in the embodiment 1.
This embodiment also provides a series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage method, which is the same as that in embodiment 1 except that the medium of the heat storage device is replaced with water, and accordingly, the temperature of the stored air in the first pressure state is changed to 180 ℃, the temperature of the stored air in the second pressure state is changed to 180 ℃, and the temperature of the stored air in the third pressure state is changed to 180 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The device system comprises an air purification device, an air compression module, an air storage device and a low-pressure turbine module which are sequentially connected.
The device system comprises four groups of air compression modules which are sequentially connected in series and named as a first air compression module, a second air compression module, a third air compression module and a fourth air compression module respectively.
The first air compression module comprises a first motor, a first air compression device and a first inter-stage cooling device which are sequentially connected; the cold storage device, the first-stage intercooling device and the heat storage device are connected in sequence. The second air compression module comprises a second motor, a second air compression device and a second inter-stage cooling device which are sequentially connected; the cold storage device, the second-stage intercooling device and the heat storage device are connected in sequence. The third air compression module comprises a third motor, a third air compression device and a third inter-stage cooling device which are sequentially connected; the cold storage device, the third-stage intercooling device and the heat storage device are connected in sequence. The fourth air compression module comprises a fourth motor, a fourth air compression device and a fourth inter-stage cooling device which are sequentially connected; the cold storage device, the fourth stage intercooling device and the heat storage device are connected in sequence.
The low-pressure turbine module comprises a heat exchange device and a low-pressure turbine which are connected in sequence; the heat storage device, the heat exchange device and the cold storage device are sequentially connected, and the low-pressure turbine is connected with the generator.
In the comparative example 1, all power is supplied to the network for a single low-pressure turbine, and the rated power generation output of the low-pressure turbine is 120-140% of the total rated power required by a power grid to meet the load requirement. And the depth of discharge of the device system in comparative example 1 was only 60% to 100% gas storage pressure.
In the embodiments 1-2, the high-pressure turbine and each low-pressure turbine operate under rated parameters on average, the rated output of the high-pressure turbine accounts for 30-50% of the total rated output of the power grid requirement, and the rated output of each low-pressure turbine accounts for 50-70% of the total rated output of the power grid requirement. In addition, the depth of discharge of the series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system in embodiments 1-2 is 30% -100% of the air storage pressure, the depth of discharge is increased by 43%, and when the design capacity of the air storage device is fixed, the design capacity and the investment of the air storage device can be correspondingly reduced by 43%.
In summary, the series-parallel combined compressed air energy storage device system and the method provided by the invention realize that the compressed air energy storage system meets the operation requirement of variable working conditions under wide pressure conversion, realize the staged expansion work of the turbine when the compressed air is changed in a large range of pressure, maintain the stable operation of the turbine system, realize the full-load power generation output under the variable working conditions, and maintain the high-level power generation efficiency in the whole discharge period. The working mode of the high-low pressure turbines in series-parallel connection improves the effective utilization volume of the gas storage device, and the design volume of the gas storage device can be reduced on the premise of meeting the project energy storage requirement, so that the aim of greatly reducing the engineering cost of the gas storage device is fulfilled.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A series-parallel connection combined type compressed air energy storage device system is characterized by comprising an air compression module, an air storage device, a high-pressure turbine module and a first low-pressure turbine module which are sequentially connected; the first low pressure turbine module is connected in parallel with the second low pressure turbine module.
2. The plant system of claim 1, wherein the air compression module comprises a motor, an air compression device, and an interstage cooling device connected in series;
preferably, the cold storage device, the interstage cooling device and the heat storage device are connected in sequence;
preferably, the device system comprises at least two groups of air compression modules which are sequentially arranged in series.
3. The plant system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high pressure turbine module comprises a first heat exchange device, a high pressure turbine and a first generator connected in series;
preferably, a first control valve is arranged on a pipeline of the first heat exchange device connected with the high-pressure turbine;
preferably, the second control valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the high-pressure turbine module and the first low-pressure turbine module;
preferably, the high-pressure turbine module is connected to the second low-pressure turbine module via a third control valve.
4. The plant system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first low pressure turbine module comprises a second heat exchange device and a first low pressure turbine connected in series;
preferably, the second heat exchange means is connected to the fourth control valve on the pipeline connecting the first low pressure turbine;
preferably, the heat storage device, the second heat exchange device and the cold storage device are connected in sequence;
preferably, the plant system comprises at least three groups of first low pressure turbine modules arranged in series in sequence;
preferably, the last group of first low-pressure turbine modules is also connected to a second generator.
5. The plant system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second low pressure turbine module comprises a second low pressure turbine;
preferably, the number of said second low pressure turbine modules is at least three;
preferably, the second low pressure turbine modules of at least three groups are each independently connected in parallel with the first low pressure turbine;
preferably, the last group of second low pressure turbine modules is also connected to a third generator.
6. The device system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an air purification device;
preferably, the air purification device is connected with an air compression module.
7. A series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage method is characterized by being carried out by adopting the series-parallel combined type compressed air energy storage device system of any one of claims 1-6, and the method comprises the following working modes: an energy storage mode, a heat storage circulation mode, a series power generation mode, a switching mode and a parallel power generation mode.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the energy storage mode comprises ambient air entering the air compression device to become pressurized air, and then entering the air storage device to be stored;
preferably, the heat storage circulation mode comprises that cold energy in the cold storage device is supplied to the interstage cooling device, and heat of gas with pressure is stored in the heat storage device; and then, after the heat in the heat storage device is respectively supplied to the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device for use, the cold energy is collected in the cold storage device to realize heat storage circulation.
9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the series power generation mode comprises that the stored gas sequentially enters the high-pressure turbine module and the first low-pressure turbine module to do work, and respectively drives the first generator and the second generator to generate power;
preferably, in the series power generation mode, the gas storage is subjected to sliding pressure from a first pressure point to a second pressure point;
preferably, the switching mode includes switching from a series power generation mode to a parallel power generation mode;
preferably, in the switching power generation mode, the stored gas is subjected to sliding pressure from the second pressure point to a third pressure point;
preferably, the parallel power generation mode includes that the stored gas respectively enters the first low-pressure turbine module and the second low-pressure turbine module to do work, and respectively drives the second generator and the third generator to generate power;
preferably, the gas storage in the parallel power generation mode is subjected to sliding pressure from a third pressure point to a fourth pressure point.
10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a hot side medium of the interstage cooling device is pressurized gas, and a cold side medium is any one of water or heat conducting oil;
preferably, the gas storage device comprises any one of a gas storage tank, a pipe bundle or an underground cave;
preferably, the medium of the cold storage device is any one of water and heat conducting oil;
preferably, the medium of the heat storage device is any one of water and heat conducting oil;
preferably, the pressure P of the pressurized gas is more than or equal to 8MPa and less than or equal to 15 MPa;
preferably, the first pressure point P1 is 8MPa < P1 ≦ 15 MPa;
preferably, the second pressure point P2 is 5.5 MPa-P2 <8.5 MPa;
preferably, the third pressure point P3 is less than the second pressure point by 0.1 MPa.ltoreq.Pltoreq.1 MPa;
preferably, the fourth pressure point P4 is 1MPa ≦ P4<6 MPa.
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