WO2022088637A1 - Welding method for hot-rolled steel plate for use in automobile - Google Patents

Welding method for hot-rolled steel plate for use in automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022088637A1
WO2022088637A1 PCT/CN2021/090999 CN2021090999W WO2022088637A1 WO 2022088637 A1 WO2022088637 A1 WO 2022088637A1 CN 2021090999 W CN2021090999 W CN 2021090999W WO 2022088637 A1 WO2022088637 A1 WO 2022088637A1
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steel plate
welding
welding method
laser
tensile strength
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PCT/CN2021/090999
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王晓南
孙茜
齐霄楠
刘宏亮
陈宇
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苏州大学
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0085—Joining ends of material to continuous strip, bar or sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2201/00—Special rolling modes
    • B21B2201/06—Thermomechanical rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/16—Bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cold rolling and welding of high-strength steels, in particular to a welding method of hot-rolled steel plates for automobiles.
  • the current processing sequence of ultra-high strength steel for automobiles is hot rolling, pickling, annealing and further heat treatment.
  • hot-rolled sheets are joined together by laser welding and pickled.
  • the laser welded joint will be depressed by 40% to 80%.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a welding method for hot-rolled automobile steel plates, which can effectively solve the problem of strip breakage at the laser welding seam during acid rolling of ultra-high-strength automobile steel plates, and improve the alloying degree of the welding seam.
  • the present application provides a method for welding hot-rolled steel sheets for automobiles, comprising the following steps:
  • the tensile strength of the first steel plate is ⁇ 1
  • the tensile strength of the second steel plate is ⁇ 2
  • the ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 2 is greater than 2.
  • the alloy composition of the first steel plate in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.20% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.40%, 1.0% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 8.0%, 0.02% ⁇ Si ⁇ 1.60%, Cr ⁇ 1.20%, Ti ⁇ 0.20 %, Al ⁇ 0.15%, S ⁇ 0.05%, P ⁇ 0.10%, B ⁇ 0.030%, the balance is Fe.
  • the alloy composition of the first steel plate in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.30% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.35%, 1.40% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 3.50%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.50%, 0.02% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.10%, Al ⁇ 0.06%, 0.001% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.010%, and the rest is iron.
  • the composition of the second steel plate in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.02% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.20%, 0.5% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 2.0%, 0.02% ⁇ Si ⁇ 1.50%, Cr ⁇ 1.20%, Ti ⁇ 0.20% , Al ⁇ 0.20%, S ⁇ 0.05%, P ⁇ 0.10%, B ⁇ 0.010%, and the rest is Fe.
  • the composition of the second steel sheet in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.05% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.15%, 0.8% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.5%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 1.20%, Cr ⁇ 1.00%, B ⁇ 0.008% , and the rest are Fe.
  • the tensile strength ⁇ 1 of the first steel plate is greater than 800 MPa.
  • the tensile strength ⁇ 1 of the first steel sheet is 1000-2000 MPa.
  • the thickness of the first steel plate is 2-6 mm
  • the thickness of the second steel plate is 2-6 mm
  • the thickness difference between the first steel plate and the second steel plate is 0-2.0 mm.
  • the splicing gap is 0-0.5 mm.
  • the laser welding equipment is selected from a fiber laser, a CO 2 laser and a semiconductor laser, the laser power of the welding is 1000-6000 W, the welding speed is 5-10 m/min, and the defocusing amount is -10 ⁇ +10mm, the spot diameter is 0.20 ⁇ 1.0mm; the welding is carried out in an inert gas.
  • the present application provides a welding method for hot-rolled steel plates for automobiles, which comprises splicing and fixing a first steel plate and a second steel plate, and then welding the spliced part, wherein the tensile strength of the first steel plate is the same as the resistance of the second steel plate.
  • the ratio of tensile strength is greater than 2.
  • the ultra-high-strength automotive steel sheet and the low-strength automotive steel sheet are laser-tailored. This form of tailoring can effectively suppress the formation of high-hardness martensite at the weld and improve the performance of the weld in acid rolling. The ability to deform during the process, thereby preventing the occurrence of belt breakage problems.
  • Fig. 1 is the laser welding and pickling schematic diagram of ultra-high-strength steel plate and low-strength steel plate provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the microstructure photo of laser welding seam of ultra-high strength automobile steel plate in Comparative Example 1;
  • Figure 3 is the macro-morphological photos of the ultra-high strength automotive steel welds in Comparative Example 1 before and after pickling (a) before pickling, (b) after pickling with 60% reduction;
  • Fig. 4 is the microstructure photo of welding seam in Example 1;
  • the ultra-high-strength automobile steel plates are connected by laser welding with low tensile strength automobile steel plates, which reduces the degree of metallization of the welding seam, suppresses the formation of high-strength martensite in the welding seam, and solves the problem of acid rolling fracture. belt problem.
  • the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for welding a hot-rolled steel sheet for automobiles, which includes the following steps:
  • the tensile strength of the first steel sheet is ⁇ 1 and the tensile strength of the second steel sheet is ⁇ 2 , and the ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 2 is greater than 2.
  • the application uses low tensile strength steel plate and high tensile strength steel plate for welding, which can effectively reduce the degree of alloying in the weld and inhibit the formation of high-hardness martensite in the weld; specifically, the high tensile strength steel plate is the first Steel sheet, the low tensile strength steel sheet is the second steel sheet, and more specifically, the alloy composition of the first steel sheet, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.20% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.40%, 1.0% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 8.0%, 0.02% ⁇ Si ⁇ 1.60%, Cr ⁇ 1.20%, Ti ⁇ 0.20%, Al ⁇ 0.15%, S ⁇ 0.05%, P ⁇ 0.10%, B ⁇ 0.030%, and the balance is Fe; The alloy composition is calculated by mass percentage, including: 0.30% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.35%, 1.40% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 3.50%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.50%, 0.02% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.10%, Al ⁇ 0.06%, 0.001% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.010%, the rest is iron.
  • the thickness of the first steel plate is 2
  • the low tensile strength steel plate is the second steel plate, and its alloy composition is calculated in mass percentage, including: 0.02% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.20%, 0.5% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 2.0%, 0.02% ⁇ Si ⁇ 1.50%, Cr ⁇ 1.20%, Ti ⁇ 0.20%, Al ⁇ 0.20%, S ⁇ 0.05%, P ⁇ 0.10%, B ⁇ 0.010%, and the rest is iron; more specifically, the alloy composition of the second steel sheet is calculated in mass percentage, including 0.05% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.15%, 0.8% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.5%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 1.20%, Cr ⁇ 1.00%, B ⁇ 0.008%, the rest is iron.
  • the tensile strength of the first steel sheet is ⁇ 1 and the tensile strength of the second steel sheet is ⁇ 2 , and ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 2 is greater than 2 to ensure that high hardness martensite is not formed; in a specific embodiment, ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 2 is 3-5; more specifically, the ⁇ 1 is greater than 800 MPa, and in a specific embodiment, the ⁇ 1 is 1000-2000 MPa.
  • both the first steel plate and the second steel plate are cleaned to remove oil stains on the surface.
  • the first steel plate and the second steel plate are preferably assembled on the welding fixture to be spliced and fixed (the specific schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1), and then the spliced part is welded by laser welding equipment, so that the spliced part is melted, solidified and cooled to form a weld. , complete the welding.
  • the splicing gap between the first steel plate and the second steel plate is 0-0.5mm, that is, the placement positions of the first steel plate and the second steel plate may not have overlapping parts, or they may be separated by a certain distance.
  • the distance is not particularly limited in this application.
  • the laser welding equipment described in this application is specifically selected from one of fiber lasers, CO 2 lasers and semiconductor lasers.
  • the laser power of the welding is 1000-6000 W, the welding speed is 5-10 m/min, and the defocusing amount is -10 ⁇ +10mm, the spot diameter is 0.20 ⁇ 1.0mm; the welding is carried out in an inert gas; in a specific embodiment, the laser power is 2000 ⁇ 5000W, the welding speed is 6 ⁇ 8m/min, the defocus amount It is -5 ⁇ +5mm.
  • the above-mentioned parameters in the laser welding process beyond the above-mentioned range will affect the microstructure of the weld and the formation of high-hardness martensite.
  • Example 1 Welding and pickling of ultra-high-strength automotive steel sheets and low-strength steel sheets
  • the laser is a fiber laser.
  • the laser processing parameters are set as: laser power 1000W, welding speed 5m/min, defocus amount 0mm, and spot diameter 0.20mm;
  • the microstructure of the weld was observed to be ferrite and lath martensite (as shown in Figure 4), the microhardness of the weld was lower than 500HV, and the direction of the cupping crack of the weld was perpendicular to the weld; During the process, the deformation performance of the welded joint is good, and the phenomenon of belt breakage does not occur.
  • the composition is (by mass percentage): 0.30% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.35%, 1.4% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.5 %, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.20%, 0.02% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.03%, Al ⁇ 0.06%, 0.001% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.030%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1800MPa, the thickness is 3mm;
  • step 2) Place the steel plate prepared in step 1) on the workbench in a splicing manner and fix it with a welding fixture;
  • the laser is a fiber laser.
  • the laser processing parameters are set as: laser power 1000W, welding speed 5m/min, defocus amount 0mm, and spot diameter 0.20mm;
  • microstructure of the weld observed after welding is high hardness martensite (as shown in Figure 2), the microstructure of the weld is higher than 550HV, the direction of the cupping crack of the weld is perpendicular to the weld, and the weld appears after rolling. cracks (as shown in Figure 3).
  • the first steel plate is an ultra-high-strength automobile steel plate with the problem of strip breaking during acid rolling.
  • the composition is (by mass percentage): 0.30% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.35%, 1.4% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.5%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.20%, 0.02% ⁇ Ti ⁇ 0.03%, Al ⁇ 0.06%, 0.001% ⁇ B ⁇ 0.030%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1800MPa, The thickness is 3mm;
  • the second steel plate selects an ultra-high-strength automobile steel plate with a strength lower than that of the first steel plate. 023%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1300MPa, and the thickness is 3mm;
  • the laser is a fiber laser.
  • the laser processing parameters are set as: laser power 1500W, welding speed 6m/min, defocus amount 0mm, and spot diameter 0.20mm;
  • microstructure of the weld observed after welding is high hardness martensite (as shown in Figure 5), the microstructure of the weld is higher than 550HV, the direction of the cupping crack of the weld is perpendicular to the weld, and the weld appears after rolling. crack.

Abstract

A welding method for a hot-rolled steel plate for use in an automobile, comprising the following steps: assembling and fixing a first steel plate and a second steel plate, and welding an assembling part by using a laser welding apparatus, the tensile strength of the first steel plate being σ1, the tensile strength of the second steel plate being σ2, and σ1/σ2 being greater than 2. According to the method, a low-strength steel plate and a high-strength steel plate are subjected to laser welding, thereby reducing the degree of alloying of a welding seam, inhibiting the formation of high-hardness martensite in the welding seam, and solving the problem of belt breakage during acid rolling.

Description

一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法A kind of welding method of hot-rolled automobile steel plate
本申请要求于2020年10月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011163307.5、发明名称为“一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on October 27, 2020 with the application number 202011163307.5 and the invention title "A welding method of hot-rolled steel sheet for automobiles", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in in this application.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及高强钢冷轧和焊接技术领域，尤其涉及一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法。The invention relates to the technical field of cold rolling and welding of high-strength steels, in particular to a welding method of hot-rolled steel plates for automobiles.
背景技术Background technique
汽车工业的迅猛发展为国民经济和社会发展发挥了重要作用。但受能源短缺、环境污染等问题的影响，降低能源消耗是汽车产业可持续发展的重要措施。在此背景下，汽车轻量化以及超高强度钢的应用成为了重要发展方向。The rapid development of the automobile industry has played an important role in the development of the national economy and society. However, due to the impact of energy shortage and environmental pollution, reducing energy consumption is an important measure for the sustainable development of the automobile industry. In this context, the application of automotive lightweight and ultra-high strength steel has become an important development direction.
目前汽车用超高强钢的加工顺序为热轧、酸轧、退火和进一步热处理。为提高加工效率，通过激光焊接的方式将热轧板连接在一起并进行酸轧。在酸轧过程中，激光焊接接头将被压下40％～80％。The current processing sequence of ultra-high strength steel for automobiles is hot rolling, pickling, annealing and further heat treatment. To improve processing efficiency, hot-rolled sheets are joined together by laser welding and pickled. During the pickling process, the laser welded joint will be depressed by 40% to 80%.
研究表明，汽车用超高强钢激光焊接焊缝的显微组织中存在高硬度马氏体，而热轧板的显微组织为铁素体和珠光体。不同的显微组织具有不同的冷变形性能因而会在酸轧过程中表现出不同的变形行为，这种变形性能的不匹配导致在轧制过程中出现断带等安全问题。这些安全问题的出现降低了生产效率，提高了生产成本。针对上述现有技术存在的问题，目前还没有相应的专利。因此亟需提出一种新的针对热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法，提高焊接接头的变形性能，提高酸轧效率并降低生产成本。Studies have shown that high hardness martensite exists in the microstructure of laser welding seam of ultra-high strength steel for automobiles, while the microstructure of hot-rolled sheet is ferrite and pearlite. Different microstructures have different cold deformation properties and thus show different deformation behaviors during acid rolling. The mismatch of deformation properties leads to safety problems such as strip breakage during rolling. The emergence of these safety problems reduces production efficiency and increases production costs. In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, there is no corresponding patent at present. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new welding method for hot-rolled automotive steel sheets to improve the deformation properties of welded joints, improve pickling efficiency and reduce production costs.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明解决的技术问题在于提供一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法，该方法能够有效解决超高强汽车钢板酸轧过程中激光焊缝处断带的问题，提高了焊缝的合金化程度。The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a welding method for hot-rolled automobile steel plates, which can effectively solve the problem of strip breakage at the laser welding seam during acid rolling of ultra-high-strength automobile steel plates, and improve the alloying degree of the welding seam.
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法，包括以下步骤：In view of this, the present application provides a method for welding hot-rolled steel sheets for automobiles, comprising the following steps:
将第一钢板和第二钢板拼接并固定，再采用激光焊接设备对拼接部位进行焊接；Splicing and fixing the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and then using laser welding equipment to weld the spliced parts;
所述第一钢板的抗拉强度为σ 1，所述第二钢板的抗拉强度为σ 2，所述σ 1/σ 2大于2。 The tensile strength of the first steel plate is σ 1 , the tensile strength of the second steel plate is σ 2 , and the σ 1 /σ 2 is greater than 2.
优选的，所述第一钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.20％≤C≤0.40％，1.0％≤Mn≤8.0％，0.02％≤Si≤1.60％，Cr≤1.20％，Ti≤0.20％，Al≤0.15％，S≤0.05％，P≤0.10％，B≤0.030％，余量为Fe。Preferably, the alloy composition of the first steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.20%≤C≤0.40%, 1.0%≤Mn≤8.0%, 0.02%≤Si≤1.60%, Cr≤1.20%, Ti≤0.20 %, Al≤0.15%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.10%, B≤0.030%, the balance is Fe.
优选的，所述第一钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.30％≤C≤0.35％，1.40％≤Mn≤3.50％，0.05％≤Si≤0.50％，0.02％≤Ti≤0.10％，Al≤0.06％，0.001％≤B≤0.010％，其余为铁。Preferably, the alloy composition of the first steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.30%≤C≤0.35%, 1.40%≤Mn≤3.50%, 0.05%≤Si≤0.50%, 0.02%≤Ti≤0.10%, Al≤0.06%, 0.001%≤B≤0.010%, and the rest is iron.
优选的，所述第二钢板的成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.02％≤C≤0.20％，0.5％≤Mn≤2.0％，0.02％≤Si≤1.50％，Cr≤1.20％，Ti≤0.20％，Al≤0.20％，S≤0.05％，P≤0.10％，B≤0.010％，其余为Fe。Preferably, the composition of the second steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.02%≤C≤0.20%, 0.5%≤Mn≤2.0%, 0.02%≤Si≤1.50%, Cr≤1.20%, Ti≤0.20% , Al≤0.20%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.10%, B≤0.010%, and the rest is Fe.
优选的，所述第二钢板的成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.05％≤C≤0.15％，0.8％≤Mn≤1.5％，0.05％≤Si≤1.20％，Cr≤1.00％，B≤0.008％，其余为Fe。Preferably, the composition of the second steel sheet, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.05%≤C≤0.15%, 0.8%≤Mn≤1.5%, 0.05%≤Si≤1.20%, Cr≤1.00%, B≤0.008% , and the rest are Fe.
优选的，所述第一钢板的抗拉强度σ 1大于800MPa。 Preferably, the tensile strength σ 1 of the first steel plate is greater than 800 MPa.
优选的，所述第一钢板的抗拉强度σ 1为1000～2000MPa。 Preferably, the tensile strength σ 1 of the first steel sheet is 1000-2000 MPa.
优选的，所述第一钢板的厚度为2～6mm，所述第二钢板的厚度为2～6mm，所述第一钢板和所述第二钢板的厚度差为0～2.0mm。Preferably, the thickness of the first steel plate is 2-6 mm, the thickness of the second steel plate is 2-6 mm, and the thickness difference between the first steel plate and the second steel plate is 0-2.0 mm.
优选的，所述拼接的间隙为0～0.5mm。Preferably, the splicing gap is 0-0.5 mm.
优选的，所述激光焊接设备选自光纤激光器、CO 2激光器和半导体激光器中的一种，所述焊接的激光功率为1000～6000W，焊接速度为5～10m/min，离焦量为-10～+10mm，光斑直径为0.20～1.0mm；所述焊接在惰性气体中进行。 Preferably, the laser welding equipment is selected from a fiber laser, a CO 2 laser and a semiconductor laser, the laser power of the welding is 1000-6000 W, the welding speed is 5-10 m/min, and the defocusing amount is -10 ~+10mm, the spot diameter is 0.20~1.0mm; the welding is carried out in an inert gas.
本申请提供了一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法，其是将第一钢板和第二钢板拼接并固定，再对拼接部分进行焊接，其中第一钢板的抗拉强度与第二钢板的抗拉强度之比大于2，本申请将超高强汽车钢板和低强度汽车钢板进行激光拼焊，该种形式的拼焊能够有效抑制高硬度马氏体在焊缝处形成，提高焊缝在酸轧过程中的变形能力，从而防止断带问题的发生。The present application provides a welding method for hot-rolled steel plates for automobiles, which comprises splicing and fixing a first steel plate and a second steel plate, and then welding the spliced part, wherein the tensile strength of the first steel plate is the same as the resistance of the second steel plate. The ratio of tensile strength is greater than 2. In this application, the ultra-high-strength automotive steel sheet and the low-strength automotive steel sheet are laser-tailored. This form of tailoring can effectively suppress the formation of high-hardness martensite at the weld and improve the performance of the weld in acid rolling. The ability to deform during the process, thereby preventing the occurrence of belt breakage problems.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的超高强钢板和低强度钢板的激光焊接和酸轧示意图；Fig. 1 is the laser welding and pickling schematic diagram of ultra-high-strength steel plate and low-strength steel plate provided by the present invention;
图2为对比例1中超高强汽车钢板激光焊接焊缝显微组织照片；Fig. 2 is the microstructure photo of laser welding seam of ultra-high strength automobile steel plate in Comparative Example 1;
图3为对比例1中超高强汽车用钢焊缝酸轧前和酸轧后宏观形貌照片(a)酸轧前，(b)60％压下率酸轧后；Figure 3 is the macro-morphological photos of the ultra-high strength automotive steel welds in Comparative Example 1 before and after pickling (a) before pickling, (b) after pickling with 60% reduction;
图4为实施例1中焊缝显微组织照片；Fig. 4 is the microstructure photo of welding seam in Example 1;
图5为对比例2中激光焊接焊缝显微组织照片。5 is a photo of the microstructure of the laser welded seam in Comparative Example 2.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明优选实施方案进行描述，但是应当理解，这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点，而不是对本发明权利要求的限制。In order to further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.
申请人认为：酸轧过程中出现断带的原因是焊缝中高强度马氏体组织的冷变形能力与母材不匹配，因此合金化程度决定了焊缝中组织类型进而影响其变形能力，基于此，本申请使用低抗拉强度的汽车钢板将超高强度汽车钢板通过激光焊接的方式连接，降低了焊缝合金化程度，抑制了焊缝中高强度马氏体的形成，解决了酸轧断带的问题。具体的，本发明实施例公开了一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法，包括以下步骤：The applicant believes that the reason for the broken belt during acid rolling is that the cold deformation ability of the high-strength martensitic structure in the weld does not match the base metal, so the degree of alloying determines the type of structure in the weld and then affects its deformation ability. Therefore, in the present application, the ultra-high-strength automobile steel plates are connected by laser welding with low tensile strength automobile steel plates, which reduces the degree of metallization of the welding seam, suppresses the formation of high-strength martensite in the welding seam, and solves the problem of acid rolling fracture. belt problem. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for welding a hot-rolled steel sheet for automobiles, which includes the following steps:
将第一钢板和第二钢板拼接并固定，再采用激光焊接设备对拼接部位进行焊接；Splicing and fixing the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and then using laser welding equipment to weld the spliced parts;
所述第一钢板的抗拉强度为σ 1和所述第二钢板的抗拉强度为σ 2，所述σ 1/σ 2大于2。 The tensile strength of the first steel sheet is σ 1 and the tensile strength of the second steel sheet is σ 2 , and the σ 1 /σ 2 is greater than 2.
本申请利用低抗拉强度钢板和高抗拉强度钢板焊接，可以有效降低焊缝中的合金化程度，抑制了焊缝中高硬度马氏体的形成；具体的，高抗拉强度钢板为第一钢板，低抗拉强度钢板为第二钢板，更具体地，所述第一钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.20％≤C≤0.40％，1.0％≤Mn≤8.0％，0.02％≤Si≤1.60％，Cr≤1.20％，Ti≤0.20％，Al≤0.15％，S≤0.05％，P≤0.10％，B≤0.030％，余量为Fe；更具体地，所述第一钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.30％≤C≤0.35％，1.40％≤Mn≤3.50％，0.05％≤Si≤0.50％，0.02％≤Ti≤0.10％，Al≤0.06％，0.001％≤B≤0.010％，其余为铁。所述第一钢板的厚度为2～6mm，所述第二钢板的厚度为2～6mm，所述第一钢板和所述第二钢板的厚度差为 0～2.0mm。The application uses low tensile strength steel plate and high tensile strength steel plate for welding, which can effectively reduce the degree of alloying in the weld and inhibit the formation of high-hardness martensite in the weld; specifically, the high tensile strength steel plate is the first Steel sheet, the low tensile strength steel sheet is the second steel sheet, and more specifically, the alloy composition of the first steel sheet, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.20%≤C≤0.40%, 1.0%≤Mn≤8.0%, 0.02%≤ Si≤1.60%, Cr≤1.20%, Ti≤0.20%, Al≤0.15%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.10%, B≤0.030%, and the balance is Fe; The alloy composition is calculated by mass percentage, including: 0.30%≤C≤0.35%, 1.40%≤Mn≤3.50%, 0.05%≤Si≤0.50%, 0.02%≤Ti≤0.10%, Al≤0.06%, 0.001%≤B ≤0.010%, the rest is iron. The thickness of the first steel plate is 2-6 mm, the thickness of the second steel plate is 2-6 mm, and the thickness difference between the first steel plate and the second steel plate is 0-2.0 mm.
低抗拉强度钢板为第二钢板，其合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.02％≤C≤0.20％，0.5％≤Mn≤2.0％，0.02％≤Si≤1.50％，Cr≤1.20％，Ti≤0.20％，Al≤0.20％，S≤0.05％，P≤0.10％，B≤0.010％，其余为铁；更具体地，所述第二钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括0.05％≤C≤0.15％，0.8％≤Mn≤1.5％，0.05％≤Si≤1.20％，Cr≤1.00％，B≤0.008％，其余为铁。The low tensile strength steel plate is the second steel plate, and its alloy composition is calculated in mass percentage, including: 0.02%≤C≤0.20%, 0.5%≤Mn≤2.0%, 0.02%≤Si≤1.50%, Cr≤1.20%, Ti ≤0.20%, Al≤0.20%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.10%, B≤0.010%, and the rest is iron; more specifically, the alloy composition of the second steel sheet is calculated in mass percentage, including 0.05%≤C ≤0.15%, 0.8%≤Mn≤1.5%, 0.05%≤Si≤1.20%, Cr≤1.00%, B≤0.008%, the rest is iron.
上述第一钢板的抗拉强度为σ 1和所述第二钢板的抗拉强度为σ 2，且σ 1/σ 2大于2以保证不形成高硬度的马氏体；在具体实施例中，σ 1/σ 2为3～5；更具体地，所述σ 1大于800MPa，在具体实施例中，所述σ 1为1000～2000MPa。 The tensile strength of the first steel sheet is σ 1 and the tensile strength of the second steel sheet is σ 2 , and σ 1 /σ 2 is greater than 2 to ensure that high hardness martensite is not formed; in a specific embodiment, σ 1 /σ 2 is 3-5; more specifically, the σ 1 is greater than 800 MPa, and in a specific embodiment, the σ 1 is 1000-2000 MPa.
所述第一钢板和所述第二钢板选择之后，则将上述第一钢板和第二钢板均进行清洗，以去除表面的油污。然后优选将第一钢板和第二钢板装配在焊接夹具上拼接并固定(具体示意图如图1所示)，再采用激光焊接设备对拼接部位进行焊接，使拼接部位熔化、凝固以及冷却形成焊缝，完成焊接。在此过程中，所述第一钢板和所述第二钢板拼接的间隙为0～0.5mm，即所述第一钢板和所述第二钢板的放置位置可以没有重叠部分，也可以相隔一定的距离，对此本申请没有特别的限制。本申请所述激光焊接设备具体选自光纤激光器、CO 2激光器和半导体激光器中的一种，所述焊接的激光功率为1000～6000W，焊接速度为5～10m/min，离焦量为-10～+10mm，光斑直径为0.20～1.0mm；所述焊接在惰性气体中进行；在具体实施例中，所述激光功率为2000～5000W，焊接速度为6～8m/min，所述离焦量为-5～+5mm。上述激光焊接过程中的相关参数超出上述范围会影响焊缝的显微组织，也会影响高硬度马氏体的形成。 After the first steel plate and the second steel plate are selected, both the first steel plate and the second steel plate are cleaned to remove oil stains on the surface. Then, the first steel plate and the second steel plate are preferably assembled on the welding fixture to be spliced and fixed (the specific schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1), and then the spliced part is welded by laser welding equipment, so that the spliced part is melted, solidified and cooled to form a weld. , complete the welding. In this process, the splicing gap between the first steel plate and the second steel plate is 0-0.5mm, that is, the placement positions of the first steel plate and the second steel plate may not have overlapping parts, or they may be separated by a certain distance. The distance is not particularly limited in this application. The laser welding equipment described in this application is specifically selected from one of fiber lasers, CO 2 lasers and semiconductor lasers. The laser power of the welding is 1000-6000 W, the welding speed is 5-10 m/min, and the defocusing amount is -10 ~+10mm, the spot diameter is 0.20~1.0mm; the welding is carried out in an inert gas; in a specific embodiment, the laser power is 2000~5000W, the welding speed is 6~8m/min, the defocus amount It is -5～+5mm. The above-mentioned parameters in the laser welding process beyond the above-mentioned range will affect the microstructure of the weld and the formation of high-hardness martensite.
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明提供的热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法进行详细说明，本发明的保护范围不受以下实施例的限制。In order to further understand the present invention, the welding method of the hot-rolled steel sheet for automobiles provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
实施例1将超高强汽车钢板和低强度钢板焊接在一起并进行酸轧Example 1 Welding and pickling of ultra-high-strength automotive steel sheets and low-strength steel sheets
1)超高强汽车用钢板的选择：选择在酸轧过程中出现的断带问题的超高强汽车钢板，成分为(按质量百分比计)：0.30％≤C≤0.35％，1.4％≤Mn≤1.5％，0.05％≤Si≤0.20％，0.02％≤Ti≤0.03％，Al≤0.06％，0.001％≤B≤0.030％，其余为铁以及生产过程中不可避免的杂质，抗拉强度为1800MPa，厚度为3mm；1) Selection of ultra-high-strength automotive steel plates: select ultra-high-strength automotive steel plates with the problem of strip breaking during acid rolling. The composition is (by mass percentage): 0.30%≤C≤0.35%, 1.4%≤Mn≤1.5 %, 0.05%≤Si≤0.20%, 0.02%≤Ti≤0.03%, Al≤0.06%, 0.001%≤B≤0.030%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1800MPa, the thickness is 3mm;
2)低强度钢板的选择：选择成分为(按质量百分比计)C0.12％，Si1.23％， Mn1.56％，Al0.015％的低强度钢板，抗拉强度为590MPa，厚度为3mm；2) Selection of low-strength steel plates: select low-strength steel plates with (by mass percentage) C0.12%, Si1.23%, Mn1.56%, and Al0.015%, with a tensile strength of 590MPa and a thickness of 3mm ;
3)将步骤1)和2)准备好的钢板以拼接方式放置于工作台上并由焊接卡具固定；3) The steel plates prepared in steps 1) and 2) are placed on the workbench in a spliced manner and fixed by a welding fixture;
4)采用激光焊接设备对实验板进行焊接，激光器选用光纤激光器，激光器加工参数设定为：激光功率1000W，焊接速度5m/min，离焦量0mm，光斑直径为0.20mm；4) Use laser welding equipment to weld the experimental board. The laser is a fiber laser. The laser processing parameters are set as: laser power 1000W, welding speed 5m/min, defocus amount 0mm, and spot diameter 0.20mm;
焊后观察焊缝显微组织为铁素体和板条马氏体(如图4所示)，焊缝显微硬度低于500HV，焊缝的杯凸裂纹方向垂直于焊缝；在酸轧过程中焊接接头变形性能良好，不发生断带现象。After welding, the microstructure of the weld was observed to be ferrite and lath martensite (as shown in Figure 4), the microhardness of the weld was lower than 500HV, and the direction of the cupping crack of the weld was perpendicular to the weld; During the process, the deformation performance of the welded joint is good, and the phenomenon of belt breakage does not occur.
对比例1将两卷超高强汽车板焊接在一起并进行酸轧Comparative Example 1 Two rolls of ultra-high-strength automotive sheets were welded together and acid rolled
1)汽车用热轧钢板的选择：选择在酸轧过程中出现的断带问题的超高强汽车钢板，成分为(按质量百分比计)：0.30％≤C≤0.35％，1.4％≤Mn≤1.5％，0.05％≤Si≤0.20％，0.02％≤Ti≤0.03％，Al≤0.06％，0.001％≤B≤0.030％，其余为铁以及生产过程中不可避免的杂质，抗拉强度为1800MPa，厚度为3mm；1) Selection of hot-rolled steel sheets for automobiles: select ultra-high-strength automobile steel sheets with strip-breaking problems during acid rolling. The composition is (by mass percentage): 0.30%≤C≤0.35%, 1.4%≤Mn≤1.5 %, 0.05%≤Si≤0.20%, 0.02%≤Ti≤0.03%, Al≤0.06%, 0.001%≤B≤0.030%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1800MPa, the thickness is 3mm;
2)将步骤1)准备好的钢板以拼接方式放置于工作台上并由焊接卡具固定；2) Place the steel plate prepared in step 1) on the workbench in a splicing manner and fix it with a welding fixture;
3)采用激光焊接设备对实验板进行焊接，激光器选用光纤激光器，激光器加工参数设定为：激光功率1000W，焊接速度5m/min，离焦量0mm，光斑直径为0.20mm；3) Use laser welding equipment to weld the experimental board. The laser is a fiber laser. The laser processing parameters are set as: laser power 1000W, welding speed 5m/min, defocus amount 0mm, and spot diameter 0.20mm;
焊后观察焊缝显微组织为高硬度马氏体(如图2所示)，焊缝显微组织高于550HV，焊缝的杯凸裂纹方向垂直于焊缝，轧制后焊缝处出现裂纹(如图3所示)。The microstructure of the weld observed after welding is high hardness martensite (as shown in Figure 2), the microstructure of the weld is higher than 550HV, the direction of the cupping crack of the weld is perpendicular to the weld, and the weld appears after rolling. cracks (as shown in Figure 3).
对比例2将两卷不同强度超高强汽车板焊接在一起并进行酸轧Comparative Example 2 Two rolls of ultra-high-strength automotive sheets of different strengths were welded together and acid rolled
1)第一钢板的选择：第一钢板选择在酸轧过程中出现的断带问题的超高强汽车钢板，成分为(按质量百分比计)：0.30％≤C≤0.35％，1.4％≤Mn≤1.5％，0.05％≤Si≤0.20％，0.02％≤Ti≤0.03％，Al≤0.06％，0.001％≤B≤0.030％，其余为铁以及生产过程中不可避免的杂质，抗拉强度为1800MPa，厚度为3mm；1) Selection of the first steel plate: The first steel plate is an ultra-high-strength automobile steel plate with the problem of strip breaking during acid rolling. The composition is (by mass percentage): 0.30%≤C≤0.35%, 1.4%≤Mn≤ 1.5%, 0.05%≤Si≤0.20%, 0.02%≤Ti≤0.03%, Al≤0.06%, 0.001%≤B≤0.030%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1800MPa, The thickness is 3mm;
2)第二钢板的选择：第二钢板选择强度低于第一钢板的超高强汽车钢板，成分为(按质量百分比计)：C0.25％，Mn1.5％，Si≤0.20％，Ti0.023％，其 余为铁以及生产过程中不可避免的杂质，抗拉强度为1300MPa，厚度为3mm；2) Selection of the second steel plate: The second steel plate selects an ultra-high-strength automobile steel plate with a strength lower than that of the first steel plate. 023%, the rest are iron and inevitable impurities in the production process, the tensile strength is 1300MPa, and the thickness is 3mm;
3)将步骤1)和2)准备好的钢板以拼接方式放置于工作台上并由焊接卡具固定；3) The steel plates prepared in steps 1) and 2) are placed on the workbench in a spliced manner and fixed by a welding fixture;
3)采用激光焊接设备对实验板进行焊接，激光器选用光纤激光器，激光器加工参数设定为：激光功率1500W，焊接速度6m/min，离焦量0mm，光斑直径为0.20mm；3) Use laser welding equipment to weld the experimental board. The laser is a fiber laser. The laser processing parameters are set as: laser power 1500W, welding speed 6m/min, defocus amount 0mm, and spot diameter 0.20mm;
焊后观察焊缝显微组织为高硬度马氏体(如图5所示)，焊缝显微组织高于550HV，焊缝的杯凸裂纹方向垂直于焊缝，轧制后焊缝处出现裂纹。The microstructure of the weld observed after welding is high hardness martensite (as shown in Figure 5), the microstructure of the weld is higher than 550HV, the direction of the cupping crack of the weld is perpendicular to the weld, and the weld appears after rolling. crack.
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种热轧汽车用钢板的焊接方法，包括以下步骤：A welding method for hot-rolled automobile steel plate, comprising the following steps:
    将第一钢板和第二钢板拼接并固定，再采用激光焊接设备对拼接部位进行焊接；Splicing and fixing the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and then using laser welding equipment to weld the spliced parts;
    所述第一钢板的抗拉强度为σ 1，所述第二钢板的抗拉强度为σ 2，所述σ 1/σ 2大于2。 The tensile strength of the first steel plate is σ 1 , the tensile strength of the second steel plate is σ 2 , and the σ 1 /σ 2 is greater than 2.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第一钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.20％≤C≤0.40％，1.0％≤Mn≤8.0％，0.02％≤Si≤1.60％，Cr≤1.20％，Ti≤0.20％，Al≤0.15％，S≤0.05％，P≤0.10％，B≤0.030％，余量为Fe。The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the alloy composition of the first steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, comprises: 0.20%≤C≤0.40%, 1.0%≤Mn≤8.0%, 0.02%≤Si≤ 1.60%, Cr≤1.20%, Ti≤0.20%, Al≤0.15%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.10%, B≤0.030%, the balance is Fe.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第一钢板的合金成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.30％≤C≤0.35％，1.40％≤Mn≤3.50％，0.05％≤Si≤0.50％，0.02％≤Ti≤0.10％，Al≤0.06％，0.001％≤B≤0.010％，其余为铁。The welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alloy composition of the first steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, includes: 0.30%≤C≤0.35%, 1.40%≤Mn≤3.50%, 0.05%≤ Si≤0.50%, 0.02%≤Ti≤0.10%, Al≤0.06%, 0.001%≤B≤0.010%, and the rest is iron.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第二钢板的成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.02％≤C≤0.20％，0.5％≤Mn≤2.0％，0.02％≤Si≤1.50％，Cr≤1.20％，Ti≤0.20％，Al≤0.20％，S≤0.05％，P≤0.10％，B≤0.010％，其余为Fe。The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the composition of the second steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, comprises: 0.02%≤C≤0.20%, 0.5%≤Mn≤2.0%, 0.02%≤Si≤1.50 %, Cr≤1.20%, Ti≤0.20%, Al≤0.20%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.10%, B≤0.010%, and the rest is Fe.
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第二钢板的成分以质量百分比计，包括：0.05％≤C≤0.15％，0.8％≤Mn≤1.5％，0.05％≤Si≤1.20％，Cr≤1.00％，B≤0.008％，其余为Fe。The welding method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the composition of the second steel plate, in terms of mass percentage, comprises: 0.05%≤C≤0.15%, 0.8%≤Mn≤1.5%, 0.05%≤Si ≤1.20%, Cr≤1.00%, B≤0.008%, and the rest is Fe.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第一钢板的抗拉强度σ 1大于800MPa。 The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the tensile strength σ 1 of the first steel plate is greater than 800 MPa.
  7. 根据权利要求1或6所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第一钢板的抗拉强度σ 1为1000～2000MPa。 The welding method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the tensile strength σ 1 of the first steel plate is 1000-2000 MPa.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述第一钢板的厚度为2～6mm，所述第二钢板的厚度为2～6mm，所述第一钢板和所述第二钢板的厚度差为0～2.0mm。The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first steel plate is 2-6 mm, the thickness of the second steel plate is 2-6 mm, and the thickness of the first steel plate and the second steel plate is 2-6 mm. The thickness difference is 0 to 2.0 mm.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述拼接的间隙为0～0.5mm。The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the splicing gap is 0-0.5 mm.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，所述激光焊接设备选自光纤激光器、CO 2激光器和半导体激光器中的一种，所述焊接的激光功率为1000～6000W，焊接速度为5～10m/min，离焦量为-10～+10mm，光斑直径为0.20～1.0mm；所述焊接在惰性气体中进行。 The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the laser welding equipment is selected from a fiber laser, a CO2 laser and a semiconductor laser, the laser power of the welding is 1000-6000W, and the welding speed is 5 ~10m/min, defocus amount is -10~+10mm, spot diameter is 0.20~1.0mm; the welding is carried out in inert gas.
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