WO2022088410A1

WO2022088410A1 - Antenna assembly and unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2022088410A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/135448
Authority: WO
Inventors: 马超; 房牧; 吕超
Original assignee: 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-10-27
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2022-05-05
Also published as: CN213584168U

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna assembly and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna assembly comprises a substrate, a first radiation branch knot, and a second radiation branch knot. The first radiation branch knot is provided on the substrate, and the second radiation branch knot is provided on the substrate, wherein the length of the first radiation branch knot is the same as that of the second radiation branch knot; one of the first radiation branch knot and the second radiation branch knot is connected to a feed point, and the other of the first radiation branch knot and the second radiation branch knot is connected to a ground point; the first radiation branch knot and the second radiation branch knot are respectively provided at two opposite sides of a preset plane; and the preset plane passes through the feed point and the ground point and is perpendicular to the substrate. The antenna assembly has a higher gain directly below, and when the antenna assembly is installed in the unmanned aerial vehicle, the user experience when the unmanned aerial vehicle is flying close overhead can be improved.

Description

Antenna components and drones

technical field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna assembly and an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background technique

UAVs usually use antennas to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. In the related art, the antenna of the drone is usually in the form of a symmetric dipole antenna, which has a low gain directly below, which affects the user's experience when flying overhead at close range.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides an antenna assembly and an unmanned aerial vehicle, aiming at improving the user experience when the unmanned aerial vehicle is flying overhead at close range.

A first aspect of the present application provides an antenna assembly for use in an unmanned aerial vehicle, the antenna assembly comprising:

substrate;

a first radiating branch, located on the substrate;

a second radiating branch, disposed on the substrate;

Wherein, the length of the first radiating branch is the same as the length of the second radiating branch, one of the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch is connected to a feeding point, and the first radiating branch and The other one of the second radiation branches is connected to the ground point, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively arranged on opposite sides of a preset plane, and the preset plane passes through the feeding point and the ground point and perpendicular to the substrate.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the substrate is provided on the tripod of the drone.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are arranged centrally symmetrically.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to a center point of a line connecting the feed point and the ground point.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the included angle between the line connecting the end of the first radiation branch and the end of the second radiation branch and the predetermined plane is an acute angle.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the value of the included angle ranges from 20° to 30°.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch cooperate to form a high-frequency radiation unit, the antenna assembly further includes a low-frequency radiation unit, and the low-frequency radiation unit includes a third radiation branch and a third radiation branch. Four radiating branches, one of the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch is connected to the feed point, and the other of the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch is connected to the ground point connected, the length of the third radiating branch is the same as the length of the fourth radiating branch, and the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the preset plane.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch are arranged centrally symmetrically.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to a center point of a line connecting the feed point and the ground point.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub each include a first lateral stub, a first vertical stub, and a first end lateral loading stub connected in sequence, and the first transverse stub is One end is connected to the feed point or the ground point.

In the antenna assembly of the present application, the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch each include a second lateral branch, a second vertical branch, a curved branch, and a second end lateral loading branch connected in sequence, and the first One ends of the two lateral branches are connected to the feed point or the ground point.

A second aspect of the present application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising:

body;

a tripod attached to the fuselage; and

The antenna assembly of the first aspect of the present application is provided on the tripod.

In the antenna assembly and the UAV provided by the present application, the directional diagram of the antenna assembly can be tilted, and the null of the directional diagram will not be located directly below the antenna assembly, thereby improving the gain of the antenna assembly directly below, thereby improving the UAV. User experience when flying close overhead.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein a preset plane is shown;

7 is a schematic diagram of a current path of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a directional diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

9 is a directional diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application when placed on a tripod of an unmanned aerial vehicle;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna using a symmetrical dipole in the related art;

FIG. 11 is a directional diagram of the antenna of FIG. 10 .

Description of reference numbers:

100. UAV;

101, fuselage; 102, tripod; 103, antenna assembly; 104, power unit; 1041, motor; 1042, propeller; 105, flight control system; 106, detection device;

10. Substrate; 11. First surface;

20. The first radiating branch; 30. The second radiating branch;

40. Feeding point; 50. Grounding point;

60. High frequency radiation unit; 61. The first lateral branch; 62. The first vertical branch; 63. The first end laterally loaded branch;

70, low frequency radiation unit; 71, the third radiating branch; 711, the first branch; 712, the second branch; 72, the fourth radiating branch; 721, the third branch; 722, the fourth branch; 73, the second lateral branch; 74, the second vertical branch; 75, the curved branch; 76, the second end laterally loaded branch;

200. Antenna.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should also be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It should also be further understood that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "and/or" refers to and including any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items .

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle 100 . The drone 100 includes a fuselage 101 , a tripod 102 and an antenna assembly 103 . The tripod 102 is connected to the body 101 . Illustratively, fuselage 101 includes a center body and arms. The machine arm is connected with the center body. The legs 102 are attached to the center body and/or the arms.

The antenna assembly 103 is installed on the tripod 102 . In other embodiments, the antenna assembly 103 may also be disposed in other structures of the fuselage 101 . The antenna assembly 103 is used to provide signal transmission for the drone 100 .

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , for example, the UAV 100 further includes a power device 104 , a flight control system 105 and a detection device 106 . The power device 104 is arranged on the arm. The power device 104 may include a motor 1041 and a propeller 1042 , and the motor 1041 is connected to the propeller 1042 for providing flying power for the UAV 100 .

The flight control system 105 is installed on the center body of the fuselage 101 . The flight control system 105 is connected in communication with the power unit 104 for controlling the operation of the power unit 104 , such as controlling the rotational speed of the power unit 104 .

The detection device 106 is mounted on the fuselage 101 . During the flight of the drone 100, the detection device 106 may collect detection data. Exemplarily, the detection device 106 may be an image capturing device, such as a camera or the like.

The antenna assembly 103 is communicatively connected to the flight control system 105 and the detection device 106 . The flight control system 105 receives the control signal from the ground control terminal through the antenna. The detection device 106 transmits the detection data to the ground control terminal through the antenna.

The ground control terminal may include at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a personal digital assistant, a wearable device, a remote control, and the like.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 , in some embodiments, the antenna assembly 103 includes a substrate 10 , a first radiating branch 20 and a second radiating branch 30 . The first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 are both disposed on the substrate 10 . The length of the first radiating branch 20 is the same as the length of the second radiating branch 30 . One of the first radiation branch 20 and the second radiation branch 30 is connected to the feed point 40 . The other of the first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 is connected to the ground point 50 . The first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the predetermined plane. The predetermined plane passes through the feed point 40 and the ground point 50 , and the predetermined plane is perpendicular to the substrate 10 .

Compared with the symmetric dipole antenna, in the antenna assembly 103 of the above embodiment, the first radiation branch 20 and the second radiation branch 30 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the predetermined plane, so that the pattern of the antenna assembly 103 is generated. Tilt, the null of the pattern does not lie directly below the antenna assembly 103 . In this way, the gain of the antenna assembly 103 directly below can be improved, thereby improving the user experience when the drone 100 is flying overhead at close range.

It can be understood that, due to processing errors, the preset plane and the substrate 10 may be perpendicular to the angle between the preset plane and the substrate 10 may be 85°-90°, such as 85°, 90°, and any angle between 85° and 90°. other suitable angles.

It can be understood that one of the first radiation branch 20 and the second radiation branch 30 is connected to the feeding point 40, and the other one of the first radiation branch 20 and the second radiation branch 30 is connected to the ground point 50, which may be the first A radiating branch 20 is connected to the feeding point 40, and the second radiating branch 30 is connected to the grounding point 50; it is also possible that the first radiating branch 20 is connected to the grounding point 50, and the second radiating branch 30 is connected to the feeding point 40, here No restrictions apply.

In some embodiments, the substrate 10 is disposed on the tripod 102 of the drone 100 . In other embodiments, the substrate 10 may also be disposed on other structures of the UAV 100 . Exemplarily, the base plate 10 is disposed obliquely in front of the motor 1041 of the power device 104 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , for example, the substrate 10 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 are provided on the first surface 11 . The second surface is provided with a feeding connection part (not shown). The feed connection part includes a feed branch and a ground branch, the feed branch is electrically connected to the feed point 40, and the ground branch is electrically connected to the ground point 50. Specifically, it can be electrically connected through a metal through hole, so it can be connected to the feed connection part by The transmission line (such as a coaxial feeder) is fed to achieve electrical conduction. In other embodiments, the feeding branch and the ground branch may also be provided on the first surface 11 , which is not limited in this application.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , in some embodiments, the first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 are arranged centrally symmetrically.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , in some embodiments, the first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feed point 40 and the ground point 50 . In other embodiments, the first radiating branch 20 and the second radiating branch 30 are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feed point 40 and the ground point 50 .

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 , in some embodiments, the included angle between the line connecting the end of the first radiating branch 20 and the end of the second radiating branch 30 and the preset plane is an acute angle to ensure that the UAV 100 The performance of the antenna assembly 103 when returning to flight improves the user experience of the drone 100 when returning to flight. It can be understood that the included angle can be determined according to the influence of the motor 1041 of the power unit 104 on the pattern of the antenna assembly 103 and the pitch angle of the drone 100 when it flies at a certain speed, so as to improve the antenna when the drone 100 returns home The forward gain of the component 103 ensures the performance of the antenna component 103 when the drone 100 returns to flight, and improves the user experience when the drone 100 returns to flight.

In some embodiments, the included angle ranges from 20° to 30°, that is, 20°, 30° and any other suitable angle between 20° and 30°. Within this value range, not only the gain of the antenna assembly 103 directly below can be improved, but also the forward gain of the antenna assembly 103 when the UAV 100 returns to home can be improved, thereby improving the performance of the UAV 100 when flying overhead or returning to home. user experience.

Exemplarily, the preset plane is shown as the ω plane in FIG. 6 . The connecting line between the end of the first radiating branch 20 and the end of the second radiating branch 30 is shown by the straight line p in FIG. 6 . The angle between the straight line p and the preset plane ω is α.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , in some embodiments, the first radiation branch 20 cooperates with the second radiation branch 30 to form a high frequency radiation unit 60 . The antenna assembly 103 also includes a low frequency radiating element 70 . The low-frequency radiation unit 70 includes a third radiation branch 71 and a fourth radiation branch 72 . One of the third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 is connected to the feeding point 40 , and the other of the third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 is connected to the ground point 50 . The length of the third radiating branch 71 is the same as the length of the fourth radiating branch 72 . The third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the predetermined plane. The preset plane is the preset plane in the above embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 6 , it can be understood that the high-frequency radiation unit 60 and the low-frequency radiation unit 70 constitute the dual-frequency antenna assembly 103 . The first radiation branch 20 and the second radiation branch 30 of the high frequency radiation unit 60 are respectively located on opposite sides of the preset plane ω, and the first radiation branch 20 and the second radiation branch 30 of the high frequency radiation unit 60 are respectively located on the transverse axis opposite sides of m. The transverse axis m passes through the center point of the line connecting the feed point 40 and the ground point 50 and is perpendicular to the preset plane ω.

For example, the first radiation branch 20 of the high-frequency radiation unit 60 is entirely located on the first side of the predetermined plane and above the second radiation branch 30 . The second radiation branch 30 of the high-frequency radiation unit 60 is entirely located on the second side of the predetermined plane and below the first radiation branch 20 .

Referring to FIG. 6 , the third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 of the low-frequency radiation unit 70 are located on opposite sides of the preset plane ω, respectively, and the third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 of the low-frequency radiation unit 70 are located at Opposite sides of transverse axis m. Specifically, a part of the third radiating branch 71 and a part of the fourth radiating branch 72 are respectively located on the first side and the second side opposite to the preset plane ω. Another part of the third radiating branch 71 and another part of the fourth radiating branch 72 are respectively located on the second side and the first side opposite to the preset plane ω.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the third radiating branch 71 exemplarily includes a first branch part 711 and a second branch part 712 connected with the first branch part 711 . One end of the first branch portion 711 is connected to the feed point 40 or the ground point 50 . The first branch part 711 and the second branch part 712 are respectively located on opposite sides of the preset plane. The fourth radiating branch 72 includes a third branch part 721 and a fourth branch part 722 connected to the third branch part 721 . One end of the third branch portion 721 is connected to the feed point 40 or the ground point 50 . The third branch portion 721 and the fourth branch portion 722 are located on opposite sides of the preset plane ω, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the first branch portion 711 is located on the second side of the predetermined plane ω. The second branch portion 712 is located on the first side of the predetermined plane ω. The first branch portion 711 is located above the second branch portion 712 . The third branch portion 721 is located on the first side of the preset plane ω. The fourth branch portion 722 is located on the second side of the predetermined plane ω.

It can be understood that one of the third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 is connected to the feeding point 40, and the other one of the third radiation branch 71 and the fourth radiation branch 72 is connected to the ground point 50, which may be the first The third radiating branch 71 is connected to the feeding point 40, and the fourth radiating branch 72 is connected to the grounding point 50; it is also possible that the third radiating branch 71 is connected to the grounding point 50, and the fourth radiating branch 72 is connected to the feeding point 40, here No restrictions apply.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , in some embodiments, the third radiating branch 71 and the fourth radiating branch 72 are centrally symmetrical.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , in some embodiments, the third radiating branch 71 and the fourth radiating branch 72 are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feed point 40 and the ground point 50 . Specifically, the first branch part 711 and the third branch part 721 are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feeding point 40 and the ground point 50 . The second branch part 712 and the fourth branch part 722 are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feeding point 40 and the ground point 50 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , in some embodiments, the first radial branch 20 and the second radial branch 30 each include a first lateral branch 61 , a first vertical branch 62 and a first end lateral loading branch 63 that are connected in sequence. One end of the first lateral branch 61 is connected to the feed point 40 or the ground point 50 . The lateral loading branch 63 at the first end can increase the lateral current of the first radiation branch 20 or the second radiation branch 30 , adjust the null point of the pattern of the antenna assembly 103 , and improve the gain at the null of the pattern, thereby further improving no User experience of human-machine 100 flying overhead at close range.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in some embodiments, the third radiating branch 71 and the fourth radiating branch 72 each include a second lateral branch 73 , a second vertical branch 74 , a curved branch 75 and a second end lateral loading branch connected in sequence 76. One end of the second lateral branch 73 is connected to the feed point 40 or the ground point 50 . The lateral loading branch 76 at the second end can increase the lateral current of the third radiation branch 71 or the fourth radiation branch 72 , adjust the null point of the pattern of the antenna assembly 103 , and improve the gain at the null of the pattern, thereby further improving the wireless User experience of human-machine 100 flying overhead at close range.

It can be understood that the high-frequency radiation unit 60 and the low-frequency radiation unit 70 constitute the dual-frequency antenna assembly 103 , and the size of the dual-frequency antenna assembly 103 is mainly determined by the size of the radiation branches of the low-frequency radiation unit 70 . Illustratively, the curved branches 75 are in a bent arrangement. In this way, the current path can be effectively increased in a smaller vertical size range, so that the vertical size of the entire antenna assembly 103 can be reduced, the occupied space of the antenna assembly 103 can be reduced, and the miniaturized design of the UAV 100 can be facilitated.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic diagram of a current path of the antenna assembly 103 according to an embodiment of the present application. Among them, the thick dotted line represents the current path of the high-frequency radiation unit 60 . The thin dot-dash line represents the current path of the low frequency radiation unit 70 . It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the current path of the high-frequency radiation unit 60 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feeding point 40 and the grounding point 50 . The current path of the low-frequency radiation unit 70 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point of the line connecting the feeding point 40 and the grounding point 50 .

Please refer to 8. FIG. 8 is a directional diagram of the antenna assembly 103 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Please refer to FIG. 9 . FIG. 9 is a directional diagram of the antenna assembly 103 provided by an embodiment of the present application when placed on the tripod 102 of the drone 100 .

Please refer to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 200 using a symmetric dipole in the related art.

Please refer to FIG. 11 , which is a directional diagram of the antenna 200 in FIG. 10 .

Comparing FIG. 8 and FIG. 11, it can be seen that the gain of the antenna assembly 103 directly under the embodiment of the present application is higher than the gain of the antenna 200 directly under the symmetrical dipole by about 6dB-10dB, so that the drone 100 is on the top of the head. The link margin of the entire communication during flight has been significantly improved, thereby improving the user's flight experience.

In addition, it can be seen from the comparison of FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 that the gain of the antenna assembly 103 in the embodiment of the present application is also improved to a certain extent, which can further improve the image transmission experience when the user operates the drone 100 to return home. .

The gain of the antenna assembly 103 directly below (or the abdomen of the fuselage 101 ) of the embodiment of the present application is increased from -15dB to -20dB compared to the gain of the antenna 200 directly below (or the abdomen of the fuselage 101 ) using the symmetrical dipole. -6dB to -10dB or so, which can significantly enhance the user's experience when using the drone 100 at close range overhead. In addition, when the UAV 100 returns to flight, the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 103 is also relatively good.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalents within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. Modifications or substitutions shall be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

An antenna assembly for unmanned aerial vehicles, characterized in that the antenna assembly comprises:

substrate;

a first radiating branch, located on the substrate;

a second radiating branch, disposed on the substrate;

Wherein, the length of the first radiating branch is the same as the length of the second radiating branch, one of the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch is connected to a feeding point, and the first radiating branch and The other one of the second radiation branches is connected to the ground point, the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are respectively arranged on opposite sides of a preset plane, and the preset plane passes through the feeding point and the ground point and perpendicular to the substrate.
The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is arranged on a tripod of the drone.
The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch are centrally symmetrical.
The antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to a center point of a line connecting the feed point and the ground point.
The antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein an included angle between the line connecting the end of the first radiation branch and the end of the second radiation branch and the preset plane is an acute angle.
The antenna assembly according to claim 5, wherein the included angle ranges from 20° to 30°.
The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch cooperate to form a high-frequency radiation unit, the antenna assembly further comprises a low-frequency radiation unit, and the low-frequency radiation unit includes A third radiating branch and a fourth radiating branch, one of the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch is connected to the feed point, the other of the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch one is connected to the ground point, the length of the third radiating branch is the same as the length of the fourth radiating branch, and the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch are respectively arranged opposite to the preset plane sides.
The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch are centrally symmetrical.
The antenna assembly according to claim 8, wherein the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to a center point of a line connecting the feed point and the ground point.
The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub each comprise a first lateral stub, a first vertical stub and a first end lateral loading stub connected in sequence, One end of the first lateral branch is connected to the feed point or the ground point.
The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch each comprise a second lateral branch, a second vertical branch, a curved branch and a second lateral end connected in sequence A branch is loaded, and one end of the second lateral branch is connected to the feed point or the ground point.
An unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that it includes:

body;

a tripod attached to the fuselage; and

The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, provided on the tripod.