WO2022088399A1 - Method and system for monitoring state of high-strength bolt of rotating component - Google Patents

Method and system for monitoring state of high-strength bolt of rotating component Download PDF

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WO2022088399A1
WO2022088399A1 PCT/CN2020/134511 CN2020134511W WO2022088399A1 WO 2022088399 A1 WO2022088399 A1 WO 2022088399A1 CN 2020134511 W CN2020134511 W CN 2020134511W WO 2022088399 A1 WO2022088399 A1 WO 2022088399A1
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bolt
inspected
image
sequence
abscissa
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PCT/CN2020/134511
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王向伟
金贝贝
郑俊斌
丁春兴
张时
王乃哲
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华能新能源股份有限公司河北分公司
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Publication of WO2022088399A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022088399A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
    • G06T7/66—Analysis of geometric attributes of image moments or centre of gravity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10004—Still image; Photographic image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20081—Training; Learning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20112—Image segmentation details
    • G06T2207/20132—Image cropping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
    • G06T2207/30164—Workpiece; Machine component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of high-strength bolt condition monitoring, in particular to a method and system for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component.
  • the present invention provides the following scheme:
  • a method for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts comprising:
  • the central angle is calculated to obtain the central angle sequence;
  • the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens;
  • Whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal is determined according to the central angle sequence.
  • the calculating the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected specifically includes:
  • the image of the bolt to be inspected is trained by the cascade classifier, and the graphic feature file is obtained;
  • a recognition algorithm is used to identify the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected
  • the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected is calculated.
  • determining the horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected specifically includes:
  • judging whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence specifically includes:
  • a new sequence is obtained by making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence
  • the abnormal type is determined according to the graphic feature file.
  • the present invention also provides a high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts, including:
  • Deployment module for deploying special markings on the bolts to be inspected
  • the acquisition module is used to acquire images of the bolts to be inspected with special markings
  • the geometric center calculation module is used to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected
  • an abscissa sequence determination module configured to determine the abscissa coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected
  • a central angle sequence calculation module configured to calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain a central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens;
  • Judging module judges whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence.
  • the geometric center calculation module specifically includes:
  • a training unit used for training the bolt images to be inspected through the cascade classifier to obtain graphic feature files
  • an identification unit used for identifying the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected by using an identification algorithm based on the graphic feature file
  • the geometric center calculation unit is configured to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected according to the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected.
  • the abscissa sequence determination module specifically includes:
  • a transformation unit configured to restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation
  • the abscissa center point calculation unit is used to calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image
  • the projection unit is used for projecting the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
  • the judging module specifically includes:
  • a difference unit used for making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence to obtain a new sequence
  • a difference calculation unit used for calculating the difference between each item in the new sequence and the numerical value 1;
  • a first judging unit for judging whether the difference is greater than a set error
  • the second judging unit is used for judging that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal when the difference value is greater than the set error.
  • the abnormality type determination module is configured to determine the abnormality type according to the graphic feature file when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
  • the present invention discloses the following technical effects:
  • the invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts.
  • Special markings are deployed on the bolts to be inspected; images of the bolts to be inspected with the special markings are collected; the geometric centers of the images of the bolts to be inspected are calculated; The geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected is determined to determine the horizontal axis coordinate sequence; based on the horizontal coordinate sequence, the central angle is calculated to obtain the central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens; according to The central angle sequence determines whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
  • the above method can quickly and accurately monitor the abnormal condition of the high-strength bolts of the rotating parts.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts includes:
  • Step 101 Deploy special markings on the bolts to be inspected.
  • Step 102 Capture an image of the bolt to be inspected with special markings.
  • Step 103 Calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected. specific:
  • Step 1031 Train the bolt image to be inspected through a cascade classifier (Traincascade) to obtain a graphic feature file.
  • a cascade classifier Traincascade
  • Step 1032 Based on the graphic feature file, use a recognition algorithm (OpenCV) to recognize the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected.
  • OpenCV a recognition algorithm
  • Step 1033 Calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected according to the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected.
  • Step 104 Determine a horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected. specific:
  • Step 1041 Restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation (tangential distortion and radial distortion correction).
  • Step 1042 Calculate the center point of the abscissa of each restored image.
  • Step 1043 Project the center point of the abscissa to the abscissa to obtain a sequence of coordinates of the abscissa.
  • Step 105 Calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain a central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens.
  • n (((rs*xc)/((r*b).powi(2)+(r*xc).powi(2)).sqrt()).asin())+((r*xc) /(r*b)).atan()/dsita
  • rs, r, and b are all related to the specific image probe on the known model and its installation method
  • r represents the radius of the flange ring device to be detected
  • rs represents the distance between the lens installation position and the flange ring
  • b is the The coefficient related to the equivalent focal length
  • dsita represents the angle between adjacent bolts
  • xc is the abscissa in the abscissa coordinate sequence.
  • Step 106 Determine whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence.
  • the adjacent data in the central angle sequence (...,n-1,n0,n1,,7) is obtained by making a difference between the adjacent data to obtain a new sequence.
  • Each item of the final sequence should be different from 1 by a setting under the condition that the bolts are normal and uniform. Error ⁇ , if it is greater than this error, it is considered that the bolt abnormality has occurred here.
  • Step 107 when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal, determine the abnormal type according to the graphic feature file. Obtain the bolt abnormality at a specific place from step 106, and then make a fine judgment on the corresponding image (the corresponding defect bolt feature file can be obtained through image acquisition and training under different defects, and a new image can be obtained by trimming the image boundary obtained in step 1033. Applying the feature file for trimming), the detection of breakage and deletion can be realized.
  • the present invention also provides a high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts, which includes:
  • the deployment module 201 is used to deploy special markings on the bolts to be inspected.
  • the acquisition module 202 is used for acquiring images of bolts to be inspected with special markings.
  • the geometric center calculation module 203 is used to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected.
  • the geometric center calculation module 203 specifically includes:
  • a training unit used for training the bolt images to be inspected through the cascade classifier to obtain graphic feature files
  • an identification unit used for identifying the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected by using an identification algorithm based on the graphic feature file
  • the geometric center calculation unit is configured to calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected according to the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected.
  • the abscissa sequence determination module 204 is configured to determine the abscissa coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected.
  • the abscissa sequence determination module 204 specifically includes:
  • a transformation unit configured to restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation
  • the abscissa center point calculation unit is used to calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image
  • the projection unit is used for projecting the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
  • the central angle sequence calculation module 205 is configured to calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain the central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens.
  • Judging module 206 Yonggu judges whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the central angle sequence.
  • the judging module 206 specifically includes:
  • a difference unit used for making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence to obtain a new sequence
  • a difference calculation unit used for calculating the difference between each item in the new sequence and the numerical value 1;
  • a first judging unit for judging whether the difference is greater than a set error
  • the second judging unit is used for judging that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal when the difference value is greater than the set error.
  • the abnormality type determination module 207 is configured to determine the abnormality type according to the graphic feature file when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
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  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a method and system for monitoring the state of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component: deploying special markings on a bolt to be inspected; acquiring an image of the bolt to be inspected having the special markings; calculating the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected; according to the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected, determining a sequence of horizontal axis coordinates; on the basis of said sequence of horizontal coordinates, calculating a central angle to obtain a sequence of central angles; said central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and a lens center marking; according to the sequence of central angles, determining whether an abnormality has occurred in said bolt to be inspected. The described method enables rapid, accurate monitoring of abnormalities in high-strength bolts of rotating components.

Description

一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法及系统Method and system for condition monitoring of high-strength bolts of rotating parts
本申请要求于2020年10月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为2020111634951、发明名称为“一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on October 27, 2020 with the application number 2020111634951 and titled "A method and system for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts", the entire contents of which are by reference Incorporated in this application.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及高强度螺栓状态监测技术领域，特别是涉及一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength bolt condition monitoring, in particular to a method and system for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts.
背景技术Background technique
转动部件高强度螺栓如断裂会带来故障点的扩大，对周围螺栓及设备的损害尤其严重，因转动部件螺栓断裂引发的安全事故时有发生。现阶段对螺栓的检测多采用超声检测的方式，这种方式对螺栓的检测效果较好，但是由于一个转动部件上高强度螺栓数量很多，用超声等手段检测不仅消耗了大量的时间，还增加了大量的成本投入，同时用现有的方法不能有效做到在线检测，非停运状态下缺少检测方法。If the high-strength bolts of the rotating parts are broken, the failure points will expand, and the damage to the surrounding bolts and equipment is particularly serious. Safety accidents caused by the rupture of the bolts of the rotating parts often occur. At this stage, ultrasonic testing is mostly used for the detection of bolts. This method has better detection effect on bolts. However, due to the large number of high-strength bolts on a rotating part, ultrasonic testing not only consumes a lot of time, but also increases the number of high-strength bolts. A lot of cost investment, and at the same time, the existing methods cannot effectively achieve online detection, and there is a lack of detection methods in the non-stop state.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
基于此，本发明提供了一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法及系统。Based on this, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:
一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，包括：A method for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts, comprising:
在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线；Deploy special markings on the bolts to be inspected;
采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓的图像；Capture images of bolts to be inspected with special markings;
计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心；Calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected;
根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列；Determine the horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected;
基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角；Based on the abscissa sequence, the central angle is calculated to obtain the central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens;
根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常。Whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal is determined according to the central angle sequence.
可选地，所述计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心，具体包括：Optionally, the calculating the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected specifically includes:
通过级联分类器对所述待检螺栓图像进行训练，获取图形特征文件；The image of the bolt to be inspected is trained by the cascade classifier, and the graphic feature file is obtained;
基于所述图形特征文件，采用识别算法识所述所待检螺栓图像的边界；Based on the graphic feature file, a recognition algorithm is used to identify the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected;
根据所述所待检螺栓图像的边界，计算所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心。According to the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected, the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected is calculated.
可选地，所述根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列，具体包括：Optionally, determining the horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected specifically includes:
通过图像变换，将所述所待检螺栓图像还原到所述几何中心；Through image transformation, restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center;
计算每个还原后的图像的横坐标中心点，Calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image,
将所述横坐标中心点投影到横轴，得到横轴坐标序列。Project the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
可选地，所述根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常，具体包括：Optionally, judging whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence specifically includes:
将所述中心角序列中的相邻数据作差得到新序列；A new sequence is obtained by making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence;
计算所述新序列中的每一项与数值1的差值；Calculate the difference between each item in the new sequence and the value 1;
判断所述差值是否大于设定误差；Determine whether the difference is greater than the set error;
若是，则判断当前待检螺栓发生异常。If so, it is judged that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
可选地，还包括：Optionally, also include:
当判断所述待检螺栓发生异常时，根据所述图形特征文件确定异常类型。When it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal, the abnormal type is determined according to the graphic feature file.
本发明还提供了一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，包括：The present invention also provides a high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts, including:
部署模块，用于在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线；Deployment module for deploying special markings on the bolts to be inspected;
采集模块，用于采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓的图像；The acquisition module is used to acquire images of the bolts to be inspected with special markings;
几何中心计算模块，用于计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心；The geometric center calculation module is used to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected;
横坐标序列确定模块，用于根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列；an abscissa sequence determination module, configured to determine the abscissa coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected;
中心角序列计算模块，用于基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角；a central angle sequence calculation module, configured to calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain a central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens;
判断模块，永固根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异 常。Judging module, Yonggu judges whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence.
可选地，所述几何中心计算模块具体包括：Optionally, the geometric center calculation module specifically includes:
训练单元，用于通过级联分类器对所述待检螺栓图像进行训练，获取图形特征文件；a training unit, used for training the bolt images to be inspected through the cascade classifier to obtain graphic feature files;
识别单元，用于基于所述图形特征文件，采用识别算法识所述所待检螺栓图像的边界；an identification unit, used for identifying the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected by using an identification algorithm based on the graphic feature file;
几何中心计算单元，用于根据所述所待检螺栓图像的边界，计算所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心。The geometric center calculation unit is configured to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected according to the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected.
可选地，所述横坐标序列确定模块具体包括：Optionally, the abscissa sequence determination module specifically includes:
变换单元，用于通过图像变换，将所述所待检螺栓图像还原到所述几何中心；a transformation unit, configured to restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation;
横坐标中心点计算单元，用于计算每个还原后的图像的横坐标中心点，The abscissa center point calculation unit is used to calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image,
投影单元，用于将所述横坐标中心点投影到横轴，得到横轴坐标序列。The projection unit is used for projecting the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
可选地，所述判断模块具体包括：Optionally, the judging module specifically includes:
作差单元，用于将所述中心角序列中的相邻数据作差得到新序列；a difference unit, used for making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence to obtain a new sequence;
差值计算单元，用于计算所述新序列中的每一项与数值1的差值；a difference calculation unit, used for calculating the difference between each item in the new sequence and the numerical value 1;
第一判断单元，用于判断所述差值是否大于设定误差；a first judging unit for judging whether the difference is greater than a set error;
第二判断单元，用于当所述差值大于设定误差时，判断当前待检螺栓发生异常。The second judging unit is used for judging that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal when the difference value is greater than the set error.
可选地，还包括：Optionally, also include:
异常类型确定模块，用于当判断所述待检螺栓发生异常时，根据所述图形特征文件确定异常类型。The abnormality type determination module is configured to determine the abnormality type according to the graphic feature file when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
根据本发明提供的具体实施例，本发明公开了以下技术效果：According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:
本发明公开了一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法及系统，在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线；采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓图像；计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心；根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列；基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述 待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角；根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常。采用上述方法能够快速、准确的监测到转动部件高强度螺栓的异常情况。The invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts. Special markings are deployed on the bolts to be inspected; images of the bolts to be inspected with the special markings are collected; the geometric centers of the images of the bolts to be inspected are calculated; The geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected is determined to determine the horizontal axis coordinate sequence; based on the horizontal coordinate sequence, the central angle is calculated to obtain the central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens; according to The central angle sequence determines whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal. The above method can quickly and accurately monitor the abnormal condition of the high-strength bolts of the rotating parts.
说明书附图Instruction drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本发明实施例转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法的流程图；1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统的结构框图。FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示，一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，包括：As shown in Figure 1, a method for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts includes:
步骤101：在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线。Step 101: Deploy special markings on the bolts to be inspected.
步骤102：采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓的图像。Step 102: Capture an image of the bolt to be inspected with special markings.
步骤103：计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心。具体的：Step 103: Calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected. specific:
步骤1031：通过级联分类器(Traincascade)对所述待检螺栓图像进行训练，获取图形特征文件。Step 1031 : Train the bolt image to be inspected through a cascade classifier (Traincascade) to obtain a graphic feature file.
步骤1032：基于所述图形特征文件，采用识别算法(OpenCV)识别所述所待检螺栓图像的边界。Step 1032: Based on the graphic feature file, use a recognition algorithm (OpenCV) to recognize the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected.
步骤1033：根据所述所待检螺栓图像的边界，计算所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心。Step 1033: Calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected according to the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected.
步骤104：根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列。 具体的：Step 104: Determine a horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected. specific:
步骤1041：通过图像变换(切向畸变和径向畸变修正)，将所述所待检螺栓图像还原到所述几何中心。Step 1041: Restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation (tangential distortion and radial distortion correction).
步骤1042：计算每个还原后的图像的横坐标中心点。Step 1042: Calculate the center point of the abscissa of each restored image.
步骤1043：将所述横坐标中心点投影到横轴，得到横轴坐标序列。Step 1043: Project the center point of the abscissa to the abscissa to obtain a sequence of coordinates of the abscissa.
步骤105：基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角。Step 105: Calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain a central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens.
利用如下公式推断中心角(预先设置镜头中心标线弧度为0，rust语言描述)：Use the following formula to infer the center angle (preset the radian of the lens center line to 0, described in rust language):
n＝(((rs*xc)/((r*b).powi(2)+(r*xc).powi(2)).sqrt()).asin())+((r*xc)/(r*b)).atan()/dsitan=(((rs*xc)/((r*b).powi(2)+(r*xc).powi(2)).sqrt()).asin())+((r*xc) /(r*b)).atan()/dsita
其中，rs、r、b均和已知机型上特定图像探头及其安装方式有关，r表示被检测法兰环设备的半径，rs表示镜头安装位置和法兰环之间的距离，b是等效焦距相关的系数，dsita表示相邻螺栓之间的夹角，xc为横轴坐标序列中的横坐标。Among them, rs, r, and b are all related to the specific image probe on the known model and its installation method, r represents the radius of the flange ring device to be detected, rs represents the distance between the lens installation position and the flange ring, and b is the The coefficient related to the equivalent focal length, dsita represents the angle between adjacent bolts, and xc is the abscissa in the abscissa coordinate sequence.
步骤106：根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常。Step 106: Determine whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence.
对中心角序列(…,n-1,n0,n1,,…)中相邻数据作差得到新序列，最终的这个序列每一项在螺栓都正常并且均匀条件下应与1相差一个设定误差σ，如果大于该误差，认为此处已发生螺栓异常。The adjacent data in the central angle sequence (…,n-1,n0,n1,,…) is obtained by making a difference between the adjacent data to obtain a new sequence. Each item of the final sequence should be different from 1 by a setting under the condition that the bolts are normal and uniform. Error σ, if it is greater than this error, it is considered that the bolt abnormality has occurred here.
还包括：步骤107：当判断所述待检螺栓发生异常时，根据所述图形特征文件确定异常类型。从步骤106得到特定处螺栓异常，再对相应图像进行精细判断(可通过对不同缺陷下的图像采集训练得到对应缺陷螺栓特征文件，从步骤1033获取的图像边界剪裁得到新的图像，对新图像应用特征文件进行剪裁)，即可实现断裂、缺失等检测。It also includes: Step 107 : when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal, determine the abnormal type according to the graphic feature file. Obtain the bolt abnormality at a specific place from step 106, and then make a fine judgment on the corresponding image (the corresponding defect bolt feature file can be obtained through image acquisition and training under different defects, and a new image can be obtained by trimming the image boundary obtained in step 1033. Applying the feature file for trimming), the detection of breakage and deletion can be realized.
如图2所示，本发明还提供了一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，该系统包括：As shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention also provides a high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts, which includes:
部署模块201，用于在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线。The deployment module 201 is used to deploy special markings on the bolts to be inspected.
采集模块202，用于采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓的图像。The acquisition module 202 is used for acquiring images of bolts to be inspected with special markings.
几何中心计算模块203，用于计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心。The geometric center calculation module 203 is used to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected.
几何中心计算模块203具体包括：The geometric center calculation module 203 specifically includes:
训练单元，用于通过级联分类器对所述待检螺栓图像进行训练，获取图形特征文件；a training unit, used for training the bolt images to be inspected through the cascade classifier to obtain graphic feature files;
识别单元，用于基于所述图形特征文件，采用识别算法识所述所待检螺栓图像的边界；an identification unit, used for identifying the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected by using an identification algorithm based on the graphic feature file;
几何中心计算单元，用于根据所述所待检螺栓图像的边界，计算所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心。The geometric center calculation unit is configured to calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected according to the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected.
横坐标序列确定模块204，用于根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列。The abscissa sequence determination module 204 is configured to determine the abscissa coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected.
所述横坐标序列确定模块204具体包括：The abscissa sequence determination module 204 specifically includes:
变换单元，用于通过图像变换，将所述所待检螺栓图像还原到所述几何中心；a transformation unit, configured to restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation;
横坐标中心点计算单元，用于计算每个还原后的图像的横坐标中心点，The abscissa center point calculation unit is used to calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image,
投影单元，用于将所述横坐标中心点投影到横轴，得到横轴坐标序列。The projection unit is used for projecting the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
中心角序列计算模块205，用于基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角。The central angle sequence calculation module 205 is configured to calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain the central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens.
判断模块206，永固根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常。Judging module 206, Yonggu judges whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the central angle sequence.
所述判断模块206具体包括：The judging module 206 specifically includes:
作差单元，用于将所述中心角序列中的相邻数据作差得到新序列；a difference unit, used for making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence to obtain a new sequence;
差值计算单元，用于计算所述新序列中的每一项与数值1的差值；a difference calculation unit, used for calculating the difference between each item in the new sequence and the numerical value 1;
第一判断单元，用于判断所述差值是否大于设定误差；a first judging unit for judging whether the difference is greater than a set error;
第二判断单元，用于当所述差值大于设定误差时，判断当前待检螺栓发生异常。The second judging unit is used for judging that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal when the difference value is greater than the set error.
还包括：Also includes:
异常类型确定模块207，用于当判断所述待检螺栓发生异常时，根据所述图形特征文件确定异常类型。The abnormality type determination module 207 is configured to determine the abnormality type according to the graphic feature file when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The principles and implementations of the present invention are described herein using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，其特征在于，包括：A method for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts, comprising:
    在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线；Deploy special markings on the bolts to be inspected;
    采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓的图像；Capture images of bolts to be inspected with special markings;
    计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心；Calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected;
    根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列；Determine the horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected;
    基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角；Based on the abscissa sequence, the central angle is calculated to obtain the central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens;
    根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常。Whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal is determined according to the central angle sequence.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，其特征在于，所述计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心，具体包括：The method for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected specifically includes:
    通过级联分类器对所述待检螺栓图像进行训练，获取图形特征文件；The image of the bolt to be inspected is trained by the cascade classifier, and the graphic feature file is obtained;
    基于所述图形特征文件，采用识别算法识所述所待检螺栓图像的边界；Based on the graphic feature file, a recognition algorithm is used to identify the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected;
    根据所述所待检螺栓图像的边界，计算所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心。According to the boundary of the image of the bolt to be inspected, the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected is calculated.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列，具体包括：The method for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the horizontal axis coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected specifically includes:
    通过图像变换，将所述所待检螺栓图像还原到所述几何中心；Restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation;
    计算每个还原后的图像的横坐标中心点，Calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image,
    将所述横坐标中心点投影到横轴，得到横轴坐标序列。Project the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常，具体包括：The method for monitoring the condition of a high-strength bolt of a rotating component according to claim 1, wherein the judging whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the center angle sequence specifically includes:
    将所述中心角序列中的相邻数据作差得到新序列；A new sequence is obtained by making a difference between the adjacent data in the central angle sequence;
    计算所述新序列中的每一项与数值1的差值；Calculate the difference between each item in the new sequence and the value 1;
    判断所述差值是否大于设定误差；Determine whether the difference is greater than the set error;
    若是，则判断当前待检螺栓发生异常。If so, it is judged that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测方法，其特征在于，还包括：The method for monitoring the condition of high-strength bolts of rotating parts according to claim 1, further comprising:
    当判断所述待检螺栓发生异常时，根据所述图形特征文件确定异常类型。When it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal, the abnormal type is determined according to the graphic feature file.
  6. 一种转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，其特征在于，包括：A high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts, characterized in that it includes:
    部署模块，用于在待检螺栓上部署特殊标线；Deployment module for deploying special markings on the bolts to be inspected;
    采集模块，用于采集具有特殊标线的待检螺栓的图像；The acquisition module is used to acquire images of the bolts to be inspected with special markings;
    几何中心计算模块，用于计算待检螺栓图像的几何中心；The geometric center calculation module is used to calculate the geometric center of the image of the bolt to be inspected;
    横坐标序列确定模块，用于根据所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心，确定横轴坐标序列；an abscissa sequence determination module, used for determining the abscissa coordinate sequence according to the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected;
    中心角序列计算模块，用于基于所述横坐标序列，计算中心角，得到中心角序列；所述中心角为所述待检螺栓与镜头中心标线的夹角；a central angle sequence calculation module, configured to calculate the central angle based on the abscissa sequence to obtain a central angle sequence; the central angle is the angle between the bolt to be inspected and the center line of the lens;
    判断模块，永固根据所述中心角序列判断所述待检螺栓是否发生异常。The judgment module is used to judge whether the bolt to be inspected is abnormal according to the sequence of the central angle.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，其特征在于，所述几何中心计算模块具体包括：The high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts according to claim 6, wherein the geometric center calculation module specifically includes:
    训练单元，用于通过级联分类器对所述待检螺栓图像进行训练，获取图形特征文件；a training unit, used for training the bolt images to be inspected through the cascade classifier to obtain graphic feature files;
    识别单元，用于基于所述图形特征文件，采用识别算法识所述所待检螺栓图像的边界；an identification unit, used for identifying the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected by using an identification algorithm based on the graphic feature file;
    几何中心计算单元，用于根据所述所待检螺栓图像的边界，计算所述待检螺栓图像的几何中心。The geometric center calculation unit is configured to calculate the geometric center of the bolt image to be inspected according to the boundary of the bolt image to be inspected.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，其特征在于，所述横坐标序列确定模块具体包括：The high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts according to claim 6, wherein the abscissa sequence determination module specifically includes:
    变换单元，用于通过图像变换，将所述所待检螺栓图像还原到所述几何中心；a transformation unit, configured to restore the image of the bolt to be inspected to the geometric center through image transformation;
    横坐标中心点计算单元，用于计算每个还原后的图像的横坐标中心 点，The abscissa center point calculation unit is used to calculate the abscissa center point of each restored image,
    投影单元，用于将所述横坐标中心点投影到横轴，得到横轴坐标序列。The projection unit is used for projecting the abscissa center point to the abscissa to obtain the abscissa coordinate sequence.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，其特征在于，所述判断模块具体包括：The high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts according to claim 6, wherein the judging module specifically includes:
    作差单元，用于将所述中心角序列中的相邻数据作差得到新序列；a difference unit, used for making a difference between adjacent data in the central angle sequence to obtain a new sequence;
    差值计算单元，用于计算所述新序列中的每一项与数值1的差值；a difference calculation unit, used for calculating the difference between each item in the new sequence and the numerical value 1;
    第一判断单元，用于判断所述差值是否大于设定误差；a first judging unit for judging whether the difference is greater than a set error;
    第二判断单元，用于当所述差值大于设定误差时，判断当前待检螺栓发生异常。The second judging unit is used for judging that the current bolt to be inspected is abnormal when the difference is greater than the set error.
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的转动部件高强度螺栓状态监测系统，其特征在于，还包括：The high-strength bolt condition monitoring system for rotating parts according to claim 6, further comprising:
    异常类型确定模块，用于当判断所述待检螺栓发生异常时，根据所述图形特征文件确定异常类型。The abnormality type determination module is configured to determine the abnormality type according to the graphic feature file when it is judged that the bolt to be inspected is abnormal.
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