WO2022083129A1

WO2022083129A1 - Smart elastic bearing and control method

Info

Publication number: WO2022083129A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/098274
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王旦; 宋立瑶; 陈柏; 朱如鹏; 陈蔚芳; 王尧尧
Original assignee: 南京航空航天大学
Priority date: 2020-10-19
Filing date: 2021-06-04
Publication date: 2022-04-28
Also published as: CN112483539A

Abstract

A smart elastic bearing and a control method. The smart elastic bearing comprises smart polymer material layers (3), metal spacer layers (4) and two joints (1, 2). One of the joints is used for connecting a rotor blade, and the other joint is used for connecting a rotor hub. An external electric field or a magnetic field is applied to the smart polymer material layers. In the elastic bearing, a rubber material which is overlapped with a metal layer in a traditional elastic bearing is replaced with a smart polymer material so as to form a new-type elastic bearing in which metal layers and smart polymer material layers are overlapped with each other. Compared with a traditional elastic bearing using a rubber material, in the working process of a helicopter rotor system, the performance of the smart elastic bearing can be controlled to change by means of changing the physical parameters of the external electric field, the magnetic field, etc. so as to achieve active or semi-active vibration reduction of the helicopter rotor system.

Description

A kind of intelligent elastic bearing and control method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of elastic bearings, and in particular relates to an elastic bearing based on intelligent polymer materials.

Background technique

The rotor system is the core component of the helicopter, and the elastic bearing is the key functional component of the helicopter rotor system, which is mainly used to realize the connection between the blade and the blade. The elastic bearing can withstand the centrifugal, torsion, swing and sway loads generated during the movement of the helicopter rotor, reduce the vibration generated by the rotor system, and prevent the helicopter from generating ground resonance. Since the elastic bearing can simultaneously realize the functions of the swing hinge, the swing hinge and the variable pitch hinge, the structure of the helicopter rotor system is greatly simplified. At present, elastic bearings of various structural forms have been widely used in helicopter rotor systems.

Traditional elastic bearings are formed by alternating layers of rubber and metal. This structure enables the elastic bearing to perform movements in other directions such as swaying and swaying through the deformation of the rubber layer while bearing the load, thereby reducing the generation of vibration. In addition to using a single elastic bearing, the helicopter rotor system also uses a combined elastic bearing for load bearing. The latter has been more and more widely used due to its greatly improved service life. However, whether it is a single elastic bearing or a combined elastic bearing, they only realize multi-directional movement through the elastic deformation of rubber, and can only achieve passive vibration reduction for the helicopter rotor system, and cannot actively adapt to the change of the load when the helicopter rotor system is working. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent elastic bearing for realizing active or semi-active vibration reduction of a helicopter rotor system.

The present invention also provides the above-mentioned control method of the intelligent elastic bearing.

In order to achieve this purpose, the intelligent elastic bearing of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An intelligent elastic bearing, comprising a first joint, a second joint, and a transition layer located before the first joint and the second joint; the transition layer includes several smart polymer material layers and several metal layers, and the smart polymer material layer and metal layers are alternately stacked; the intelligent polymer material layer is one or more of piezoelectric polymer materials, polymer-based piezoelectric ceramic composite materials, magnetorheological elastomers or shape memory polymer materials.

Further, the thickness of the smart polymer material is uniformly distributed throughout the same layer.

Further, the transition layer is a spherical cone, the first joint and the second joint are circular flanges, and the diameter of the first joint is smaller than the diameter of the second joint; the intelligent polymer material layer and the metal layer are from bottom to bottom. Alternate layers on top.

Further, the transition layer is truncated, the first joint and the second joint are circular flanges, and the diameter of the first joint is the same as the diameter of the second joint; the intelligent polymer material layer and the metal layer are from bottom to bottom. Alternate layers on top.

Further, the transition layer is annular, the first joint has a cylindrical cylinder, the second joint has a ring around the periphery of the cylinder, and the transition layer is located between the cylinder and the ring; the smart polymer The material layers and the metal layers are alternately stacked from the inside to the outside.

Further, the first joint is used for connecting the blades of the helicopter, and the second joint is used for connecting the propellers of the helicopter.

The control method of the above-mentioned intelligent elastic bearing can adopt the following technical solutions: including the following situations:

(1) The piezoelectric polymer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external electric field is controlled to change, so that the piezoelectric polymer material layer can generate active force under the driving of the electric field to resist the external load and realize active vibration reduction ;

(2) The magnetorheological elastomer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external magnetic field is controlled to change, so that the magnetorheological elastomer material layer can generate active force under the drive of the magnetic field to resist the external load and realize active damping;

(3) The shape memory polymer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external temperature is controlled to change, so that the shape memory polymer material layer can generate active force under the drive of temperature to resist the external load and realize active vibration reduction. ;

(4) The piezoelectric polymer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external electric field is controlled to change, so that the stiffness and damping mechanical properties of the material are changed, so as to adapt to the change of the load and realize semi-active vibration reduction;

(5) The magnetorheological elastomer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external magnetic field is controlled to change, so that the mechanical properties of the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer change under the change of the magnetic field, so as to adapt to the change of the magnetic field. Changes in load to achieve semi-active vibration reduction.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The invention replaces the rubber layer material with the intelligent polymer material, and designs an elastic bearing based on the intelligent polymer material. The properties of smart polymer materials will change under the action of controlled quantities such as changing electric or magnetic fields. Therefore, the intelligent elastic bearing proposed by the present invention can change its own performance by controlling the magnitude of physical parameters such as electric field, magnetic field or temperature, so as to adapt to the change of load and realize active or semi-active vibration reduction of the helicopter rotor system.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the spherical conical intelligent elastic bearing of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the axial intelligent elastic bearing of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the radial intelligent elastic bearing of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 . This embodiment is a spherical conical intelligent elastic bearing, which specifically includes: a first joint 1, a second joint 2, and a transition layer; the transition layer includes a plurality of piezoelectric polymer material layers 3 and a plurality of metal layers 4, and the pressure Electropolymer material layers 3 and metal layers 4 are alternately stacked. The first joint 1 , the second joint 2 and the transition layer are bonded together by techniques such as gluing and vulcanization. The piezoelectric polymer material layers 3 and the metal layers 4 are alternately stacked and kept concentric and the thickness of the same layer is uniform everywhere.

In the embodiment, the transition layer is spherical and conical, the first joint 1 and the second joint 2 are both circular flanges, and the diameter of the first joint 1 is smaller than the diameter 2 of the second joint; piezoelectric polymer material Layers 3 and metal layers 4 are alternately stacked from bottom to top.

When the intelligent elastic bearing works, an electric field is applied to the piezoelectric polymer layer 3 . When no electric field is applied, the properties of the piezoelectric polymer material layer 3 remain unchanged, and no active force against external loads is generated. Therefore, the intelligent elastic bearing is the same as the traditional elastic bearing using rubber material, which can carry the axial force and realize the torsion around the three axes. However, at this time, the intelligent elastic bearing can only passively reduce vibration of the helicopter rotor system through its own elastic deformation, and cannot actively adapt to the change of load. When the external load changes, the intelligent elastic bearing controls the external electric field to change, so that the piezoelectric polymer material layer 3 generates active power under the driving of the electric field. The intelligent elastic bearing utilizes the active force generated by the piezoelectric polymer material layer 3 to resist the external load and realize the vibration reduction of the helicopter rotor system. During the working process of the helicopter rotor system, the monitoring system obtains the working status of the blades and the blades. The intelligent elastic bearing provides an appropriate electric field according to the monitoring results to meet the current load-bearing requirements, thereby realizing active vibration reduction of the helicopter rotor system.

Embodiment 2: This embodiment is a spherical conical intelligent elastic bearing, which uses magnetorheological elastomer material to overlap with a metal layer, and other components and connection methods are the same as those in Embodiment 1. When the intelligent elastic bearing works, a magnetic field is applied to the magnetorheological elastomer material layer. When the external load changes, the intelligent elastic bearing controls the change of the external magnetic field, so that the magnetorheological elastomer material layer generates the active force under the driving of the magnetic field to resist the external load and realize the active vibration reduction of the helicopter rotor system.

Embodiment 3: This embodiment is a spherical conical intelligent elastic bearing, which uses a shape memory polymer material to overlap with a metal layer, and other components and connection methods are the same as those of the first embodiment. When the intelligent elastic bearing works, a temperature field is applied to the shape memory polymer material layer. When the external load changes, the intelligent elastic bearing controls the change of the external temperature, so that the shape memory polymer material layer is driven by the temperature field to generate the active force to resist the external load and realize the active vibration reduction of the helicopter rotor system.

Embodiment 4: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 2 . This embodiment is an axial intelligent elastic bearing, and its composition, connection and control methods are the same as those of the first embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that the transition layer is in the shape of a truncated cone, the first joint 1 and the second joint 2 are both circular flanges, and the diameter of the first joint 1 and the diameter of the second joint 2 are the same. When no electric field is applied, the intelligent elastic bearing can carry axial force and realize certain torsional and radial motion. After the electric field is applied, the active force is generated under the action of the electric field, and the helicopter rotor system is actively damped.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 3 . This embodiment is a radial intelligent elastic bearing, and its composition, connection and control methods are the same as those of the first embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that the transition layer is annular, the first joint 1 has a cylindrical cylinder, the second joint 2 has a ring around the periphery of the cylinder, and the transition layer is located between the cylinder and the cylinder. between the rings. When no electric field is applied, the intelligent elastic bearing can carry radial force and realize certain torsion and axial movement. After the electric field is applied, the active force is generated under the action of the electric field, and the helicopter rotor system is actively damped.

Embodiment 6: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 . This embodiment is a spherical conical intelligent elastic bearing, and its composition and connection method are the same as those of the first embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that this embodiment adopts the control method of semi-active vibration damping. By controlling the change of the external electric field, the mechanical properties such as the stiffness and damping of the piezoelectric polymer material are changed, so as to adapt to the change of the load and realize the Semi-active vibration damping.

Embodiment 7: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 . This embodiment is a spherical conical intelligent elastic bearing, and its composition and connection method are the same as those of the second embodiment. The difference from the second embodiment is that this embodiment adopts the control method of semi-active vibration reduction, and by controlling the change of the external magnetic field, the mechanical properties such as the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer change under the change of the magnetic field, so that Adapt to changes in load and achieve semi-active vibration reduction.

The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the limitations of the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An intelligent elastic bearing is characterized in that:

It includes a first joint, a second joint, and a transition layer before the first joint and the second joint; the transition layer includes several smart polymer material layers and several metal layers, and the smart polymer material layers and the metal layers are alternately stacked. ;

The intelligent polymer material layer is one or more of piezoelectric polymer materials, polymer-based piezoelectric ceramic composite materials, magnetorheological elastomers or shape memory polymer materials.
The intelligent elastic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the intelligent polymer material is uniformly distributed throughout the same layer.
The intelligent elastic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the transition layer is spherical and conical, the first joint and the second joint are circular flanges, and the diameter of the first joint is smaller than the diameter of the second joint ; Smart polymer material layers and metal layers are alternately stacked from bottom to top.
The intelligent elastic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the transition layer is in the shape of a truncated cone, the first joint and the second joint are both circular flanges, and the diameter of the first joint is the same as the diameter of the second joint ; Smart polymer material layers and metal layers are alternately stacked from bottom to top.
The intelligent elastic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the transition layer is annular, the first joint has a cylindrical cylinder, the second joint has a ring surrounding the periphery of the cylinder, and the transition layer has a circular shape. It is located between the column body and the ring body; the intelligent polymer material layer and the metal layer are alternately stacked from the inside to the outside.
The intelligent elastic bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first joint is used for connecting the blades of the helicopter, and the second joint is used for connecting the propellers of the helicopter.
A control method for an intelligent elastic bearing as claimed in claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it includes the following situations:

(1) The piezoelectric polymer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external electric field is controlled to change, so that the piezoelectric polymer material layer can generate active force under the driving of the electric field to resist the external load and realize active vibration reduction ;

(2) The magnetorheological elastomer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external magnetic field is controlled to change, so that the magnetorheological elastomer material layer can generate active force under the drive of the magnetic field to resist the external load and realize active damping;

(3) The shape memory polymer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external temperature is controlled to change, so that the shape memory polymer material layer can generate active force under the drive of temperature to resist the external load and realize active vibration reduction. ;

(4) The piezoelectric polymer material layer is selected in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external electric field is controlled to change, so that the stiffness and damping mechanical properties of the material are changed, so as to adapt to the change of the load and realize semi-active vibration reduction;

(5) Select the magnetorheological elastomer material layer in the transition layer; when the external load changes, the external magnetic field is controlled to change, so that the mechanical properties of the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer change under the change of the magnetic field, so that the Adapt to changes in load and achieve semi-active vibration reduction.