WO2022073608A1 - Film adhésif sensible à la pression défini géométriquement - Google Patents

Film adhésif sensible à la pression défini géométriquement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022073608A1
WO2022073608A1 PCT/EP2020/078186 EP2020078186W WO2022073608A1 WO 2022073608 A1 WO2022073608 A1 WO 2022073608A1 EP 2020078186 W EP2020078186 W EP 2020078186W WO 2022073608 A1 WO2022073608 A1 WO 2022073608A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adhesive film
geometrically defined
sensitive adhesive
defined pressure
film according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/078186
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Florian DÜMMLER
Ruben FRIEDLAND
Peter Harendt
Original Assignee
Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority to PCT/EP2020/078186 priority Critical patent/WO2022073608A1/fr
Publication of WO2022073608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022073608A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00Inks
    • C09D11/02Printing inks
    • C09D11/10Printing inks based on artificial resins
    • C09D11/101Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44CPRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/10Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
    • B44C1/105Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics comprising an adhesive layer
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/10Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/30Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
    • C09J7/38Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2333/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2333/02Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/10Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/40Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
    • C09J2301/416Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components use of irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/50Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by process specific features
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2433/00Presence of (meth)acrylic polymer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film that was produced using stereolithography processes.
  • coating units which usually coat the liner over its full width; certain coating geometries (points or strips) are also possible to a narrowly limited extent in such units. In any case, however, it is neither possible to vary the geometries completely freely in a single coating step, nor is it possible to produce different geometries in a single coating step, such as are necessary for gluing emblems consisting of different letters or other symbols.
  • a stamping process is usually used after the coating process. This procedure has the disadvantage of the often low degree of material utilization, since the production of the stamped parts produces up to 90% waste that cannot be used.
  • An adhesive layer produced in this way is preferably used as a carrierless adhesive tape (transfer tape), but can also form an adhesive layer of an adhesive tape.
  • Adhesive layers that are to be used as a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape and are not provided with a stable backing can be brought into a geometrically defined shape only with difficulty, if at all. All previous attempts to accomplish this with the usual current manufacturing processes result in damage to the tape produced or render it unusable.
  • the new manufacturing process of the Polyjet Modeling process according to the invention falls into the category of the processes known as “rapid prototyping” or “additive manufacturing” and is therefore a “3D printing” application in the broadest sense.
  • WO 2019/120818 A1 describes in very general terms the production of an adhesive surface by applying an adhesive to at least one surface of a part to be joined or a transfer adhesive carrier using a 3D printing device.
  • the corresponding 3D printing device which works according to the inkjet principle or is fed by an endless strand, and the method for gluing two parts to be joined are also claimed here.
  • This method is also used for a wide selection of different types of adhesive that can be used here, as well as for both homogeneous and different layer thicknesses.
  • EP 3196000 B1 describes a method for producing a composite material component by printing a component skeleton and introducing a resin into this skeleton.
  • the skeleton can be printed using the PolyJet printing process.
  • WO 2019/1215170 A1 claims an aqueous acrylic adhesive dispersion for 3D printing
  • WO 2020/146452 A1 an additive manufacturing process using an amine-containing adhesive polymer
  • WO 2020/165193 A1 claims a 3D printing process
  • adhesive film or “adhesive film” means any form of two-dimensional adhesive systems, i.e. not only adhesive films, but also adhesive tapes, adhesive foils, adhesive strips, adhesive plates or adhesive die-cut parts.
  • adhesive tape or “adhesive film” also includes so-called “transfer films”, ie unsupported adhesive tapes.
  • Adhesives or adhesive films are referred to as “pressure-sensitive adhesive”, “pressure-sensitively sticky” or “pressure-sensitive” adhesives, which are able to join two joining partners to one another only by applying pressure.
  • pressure-sensitive adhesive pressure-sensitively sticky or “pressure-sensitive” adhesives
  • a permanent connection between the joining partners can be realized under relatively weak contact pressure. The connection is reversible, i.e. it can be released again without destroying the parts to be joined.
  • 3D printing means the application of adhesive masses to a liner using the stereolithography process.
  • Root temperature means a temperature of 23 ⁇ 2 °C.
  • a further object is to provide a geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film which has been produced in the stereolithography process by means of band polymerisation.
  • a geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film having the features of claim 1.
  • Advantageous developments result from the dependent claims. Accordingly, a geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film based on a generative printing process is specified, the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition particularly comprising acrylates.
  • UV acrylates are processed with the stereolithography method and printed in geometrically defined forms.
  • the geometric shape in all spatial directions, so that not only two-dimensional adhesive tapes with a geometric definition, but also three-dimensional adhesive tapes with a geometric definition can be produced.
  • a pressure-sensitive adhesive film has a bond strength of at least 0.2 N/mm.
  • the bond strength is determined here on steel based on DIN EN 1939:1996 at 23° C. ⁇ 2° C. and 50% ⁇ 5% relative humidity at a peel-off speed of 300 mm/min and a peel-off angle of 180°.
  • an etched PET film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m is used as the intensifying film.
  • a 25 mm wide measuring strip is bonded to the steel substrate using a 5 kg roller at a temperature of 23 °C ⁇ 2 °C.
  • the adhesive film is pulled off at 300 mm/min 10 minutes after application.
  • the measured value (in N/mm) is the mean of five individual measurements.
  • Pressure-sensitive adhesives have a permanently tacky effect at room temperature, ie they have a sufficiently low viscosity and high initial tack, so that they wet the surface of the respective substrate even with slight contact pressure.
  • the bondability of the adhesives is based on their adhesive properties and their redetachability on their cohesive properties.
  • the geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film has no backing and is therefore suitable for forming a transfer film.
  • the adhesive mass which corresponds to the finished adhesive film in the final state, is applied to a flexible material such as a film or between two flexible materials before application.
  • a flexible material such as a film or between two flexible materials before application.
  • release liners they are provided with a separating layer on the adhesive surface and/or have anti-adhesive properties.
  • one liner is first removed and the adhesive film is applied with the adhesive surface now exposed to a first part to be joined.
  • the second liner is then removed and the adhesive surface that is now exposed connected to the second joining part.
  • the adhesive can thus be used directly to connect two surfaces.
  • the first layer a UV acrylate layer
  • a further storage container with a second adhesive and a further post-crosslinking line are connected behind the first storage container and the post-crosslinking line. It is thus possible to implement an asymmetrical adhesive tape structure with all of the adhesives mentioned below by connecting storage containers in series.
  • One of these printed adhesives can also function as a carrier system, so that all imaginable layer structures are technically possible.
  • Adhesive films or adhesive tapes are also possible in which two liners are not used, but rather only a single liner that is repellent on both sides.
  • a first side of the adhesive film is covered with one side of the double-sided separating liner and a second side of the adhesive film when it is wound onto a roll or a spool is then covered with the reverse side of the double-sided separating liner.
  • the geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film has at least one backing. If a backing material is present, it can be provided with a geometrically defined (pressure-sensitive) adhesive on one or preferably both sides.
  • the carrier material includes all flat structures such as foils, foams, fabrics, scrims, nonwovens and papers or combinations thereof. Different backings can be combined with the adhesives for different applications. In this embodiment, only the carrier material needs to be finished if necessary, which means that the overall waste is significantly reduced compared to the standard coating and punching process.
  • the thickness of the geometrically defined PSA is between 1 ⁇ m and 3000 ⁇ m, more preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 2000 ⁇ m and particularly preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m.
  • Layer thicknesses between 100 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m are ideally suited for bridging tolerances in the parts to be bonded.
  • Layer thicknesses between 1 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m lead to reduced adhesion on the parts to be joined, but at the same time reduce the amount of material used.
  • Adhesives used are, on the one hand, all adhesives known to those skilled in the art based on UV acrylates, which can be polymerized by means of UVA, UVB or UVC. Examples of such adhesives are well known and described in adhesive practice and in the literature.
  • the adhesives are partially functionalized, resulting in a functional adhesive film.
  • the functionalities can be introduced by means of fillers to produce electrically or thermally conductive adhesive films or adhesive tapes, as well as by introducing medicinal substances or medicinal active substances to produce active substance patches.
  • the functionalization is for coloring the adhesive films, and for functionalization by means of biocides and herbicides.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a complex geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a discontinuous batch-to-batch process
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a production process for a geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film in a discontinuous roll-to-roll SLA process.
  • the respective pressure-sensitive adhesive masses are placed in the storage container.
  • the pressure viscosity is between 10 mPas and 10 Pas, preferably between 50 mPas and 1 Pas.
  • the adhesive is then polymerized using a UV light source directed at a high-resolution pixel screen.
  • the pixels required for the respective layer open and close via a controller and thus expose the UV-reactive adhesive mass in the storage container equipped with a UV-transparent base. This polymerizes only in the exposed areas, the other areas remain liquid and can be removed afterwards in a washing process.
  • the thickness of the exposed layer depends on the distance between the construction platform and the bottom of the storage container and is between 1 ⁇ m and 3000 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 2000 ⁇ m and particularly preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the various adhesives are applied to a conventional liner (siliconized polyester film) using the stereolithography process and then irradiated with a UV lamp with UVA, UVB or UVC.
  • the thickness of the transfer film is then 300 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
  • the adhesive films produced in this way are each laminated on the open side immediately after the polymerization with a second liner (siliconized polyester film with a lower release force than the first liner).
  • a standard UV acrylate from Lohmann which consists of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, acrylic acid and a radical photoinitiator.
  • FIG. 2 The geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film was produced in a discontinuous batch-to-batch process (FIG. 2).
  • reference number 1 is the SLA printing station and reference number 2 is the storage container equipped with a UV-transparent base.
  • FIG. 3 shows the production process of a geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film in a discontinuous roll-to-roll SLA process.
  • reference number 1 is the unwinder
  • reference number 2 is the SLA printing station with the storage container equipped with a UV-transparent bottom.
  • the excess adhesive is removed in the cleaning station 3 before it is post-crosslinked in a UV post-treatment station 7 .
  • the liner with the geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive film 6 printed on it is wound up on the winder 5 .
  • an adhesive film with the identical recipe was coated onto the identical liner in a thickness of 500 ⁇ m using a coating system (R1) in order to be able to comparatively assess the mechanical performance of the adhesive film produced using the stereolithography process.
  • the bond strength is determined on steel based on DIN EN 1464:2010 at 23° C. ⁇ 2° C. and 50% ⁇ 5% relative humidity at a peel speed of 300 mm/min and a peel angle of 110° in the roller peel test.
  • An etched PET film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m is used as the reinforcing film.
  • a 25 mm wide measuring strip is bonded to the steel substrate using a 5 kg roller at a temperature of 23 °C ⁇ 2 °C.
  • the adhesive film is pulled off at 300 mm/min 10 minutes (initial) or 24 h (24 h) after application.
  • the measured value (in N/mm) is the mean of five individual measurements including the standard deviation.
  • thickness measurements based on DIN EN 1942:2008 are carried out at 23° C. ⁇ 2° C. and 50% ⁇ 5% relative humidity. The results are given in mm. The average of five measurements is given in each case.
  • the adhesive films K1 and R1 have an identical chemical composition. Only the manufacturing process is varied. Thus, R1 is coated using standard coating processes in a 2-roller application over a width of 450 mm and band-polymerized. In contrast to this, K1 is applied in the width to be tested by means of stereolithography processes and is also band-polymerized.
  • the adhesives K1 and R1 have the same bond strength both initially and after 24 hours.
  • K1 has a higher lap shear strength than R1, but experience has shown that this is due to the lower adhesive layer thickness.
  • the tensile shear strengths would therefore also be the same within the scope of the standard deviation if the thickness of the adhesive layer was identical. It can thus be said that the geometrically defined pressure-sensitive adhesive layer which was produced using the stereolithography process has the same technical adhesive properties as a conventionally coated adhesive film.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un film adhésif sensible à la pression défini géométriquement produit par des procédés de stéréolithographie, le film adhésif étant amené à prendre une forme géométriquement définie sans traitement ultérieur.
PCT/EP2020/078186 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Film adhésif sensible à la pression défini géométriquement WO2022073608A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2020/078186 WO2022073608A1 (fr) 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Film adhésif sensible à la pression défini géométriquement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2020/078186 WO2022073608A1 (fr) 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Film adhésif sensible à la pression défini géométriquement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022073608A1 true WO2022073608A1 (fr) 2022-04-14

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2746043A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Matériau stratifié à double fonctionnalité
WO2015116652A1 (fr) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Procedes de preparation d'articles adhesifs autocollants a surface modifiee
WO2017117035A1 (fr) 2015-12-29 2017-07-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Procédés de fabrication d'additif pour adhésifs et articles adhésifs
WO2019120818A1 (fr) 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Vertreten Durch Die Bundesministerin Für Wirtschaft Und Energie, Diese Vertreten Durch Den Präsidenten Der Bundesanstalt Für Materialforschung Und - Prüfung (Bam) Procédé de réalisation de surfaces adhésives au moyen d'un dispositif d'impression 3d
WO2019121170A1 (fr) 2017-12-18 2019-06-27 Soleras Advanced Coatings Bvba Cibles d'oxyde mixte de cobalt et de lithium pulvérisées
EP3597668A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2020-01-22 Clariant International Ltd Composition de résine photodurcissable pour impression 3d
EP3597669A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2020-01-22 Clariant International Ltd Composition de résine photodurcissable pour impression 3d
WO2020146452A1 (fr) 2019-01-09 2020-07-16 Ut-Battelle, Llc Procédé de fabrication additive indirecte utilisant des polymères adhésifs contenant des amines
EP3196000B1 (fr) 2015-12-01 2020-07-29 The Boeing Company Préforme sans outil à matrice de fibre multiplanaire pour infusion de résine
WO2020165193A1 (fr) 2019-02-11 2020-08-20 The Provost, Fellows, Scholars And Other Members Of Board Of Trinity College Dublin Produit et procédé d'alimentation en poudre dans des imprimantes 3d à lit de poudre

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2746043A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Matériau stratifié à double fonctionnalité
WO2015116652A1 (fr) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Procedes de preparation d'articles adhesifs autocollants a surface modifiee
EP3196000B1 (fr) 2015-12-01 2020-07-29 The Boeing Company Préforme sans outil à matrice de fibre multiplanaire pour infusion de résine
WO2017117035A1 (fr) 2015-12-29 2017-07-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Procédés de fabrication d'additif pour adhésifs et articles adhésifs
WO2019121170A1 (fr) 2017-12-18 2019-06-27 Soleras Advanced Coatings Bvba Cibles d'oxyde mixte de cobalt et de lithium pulvérisées
WO2019120818A1 (fr) 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Vertreten Durch Die Bundesministerin Für Wirtschaft Und Energie, Diese Vertreten Durch Den Präsidenten Der Bundesanstalt Für Materialforschung Und - Prüfung (Bam) Procédé de réalisation de surfaces adhésives au moyen d'un dispositif d'impression 3d
DE102017131236A1 (de) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Vertreten Durch Den Bundesminister Für Wirtschaft Und Energie, Dieser Vertreten Durch Den Präsidenten Der Bundesanstalt Für Materialforschung Und -Prüfung (Bam) Verfahren zur herstellung von klebflächen mittels einer 3d-druckvorrichtung
EP3597668A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2020-01-22 Clariant International Ltd Composition de résine photodurcissable pour impression 3d
EP3597669A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2020-01-22 Clariant International Ltd Composition de résine photodurcissable pour impression 3d
WO2020146452A1 (fr) 2019-01-09 2020-07-16 Ut-Battelle, Llc Procédé de fabrication additive indirecte utilisant des polymères adhésifs contenant des amines
WO2020165193A1 (fr) 2019-02-11 2020-08-20 The Provost, Fellows, Scholars And Other Members Of Board Of Trinity College Dublin Produit et procédé d'alimentation en poudre dans des imprimantes 3d à lit de poudre

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "Stereolithografie (SLA): Das Verfahren - 3Faktur", 26 January 2019 (2019-01-26), XP055807213, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://web.archive.org/web/20190126070537/https://3faktur.com/3d-druck-materialien-und-verfahren/stereolithografie-sla-verfahren/> [retrieved on 20210525] *

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