WO2022073439A1 - Nano-selenium pickering emulsion, preparation method therefor, and applications thereof - Google Patents

Nano-selenium pickering emulsion, preparation method therefor, and applications thereof Download PDF

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WO2022073439A1
WO2022073439A1 PCT/CN2021/121063 CN2021121063W WO2022073439A1 WO 2022073439 A1 WO2022073439 A1 WO 2022073439A1 CN 2021121063 W CN2021121063 W CN 2021121063W WO 2022073439 A1 WO2022073439 A1 WO 2022073439A1
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selenium
nano
tween
pickering emulsion
preparation
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French (fr)
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陈填烽
郭晓明
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暨南大学
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/10—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing emulsifiers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/04—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention claims the priority of the invention "A Nano Selenium Pickering Emulsion and its Preparation Method and Application” submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on October 10, 2020.
  • the application number of the prior invention application is CN202011078460.8.
  • the invention belongs to the fields of health care products, functional foods and biomedicine, and particularly relates to a nano-selenium Pickering emulsion and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Pickering emulsion is a kind of emulsion stabilized by nano/micron solid particles, which has the characteristics of good stability, anti-aggregation, anti-flocculation and anti-austenization maturation, etc. Wide range of applications. Compared with small-molecule surfactants and traditional emulsions stabilized by natural macromolecules, the adsorption process of solid particles that play an emulsifying role in Pickering emulsions on the water-oil interface is irreversible, because the particles not only reduce the total free energy of the system, but also It also provides a steric physical barrier for the contact between droplets, giving Pickering emulsions stronger stability.
  • Pickering stabilizers for Pickering emulsions mainly include inorganic nanoparticles and organic nanoparticles.
  • inorganic nanoparticles In the field of food industry, it will be able to solve the problems of safety and stability of emulsion system, but the common problems such as biocompatibility and biodegradability of Pickering emulsion stabilized with inorganic particles (non-food grade) limit the application of Pickering emulsion.
  • food-grade Pickering emulsions are mainly based on micro- and nano-scale materials synthesized from traditional edible raw materials such as proteins and polysaccharides.
  • Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for humans and animals, and has an important relationship with the body's antioxidant capacity, immune function, antiviral, and anticancer effects. Compared with inorganic selenium and organic selenium, nano-selenium has the characteristics of low toxicity and high biological activity, and has a good prospect in the application of animal production, medicine and health care products. At present, the application of nano-selenium in Pickering emulsion is rarely reported. The reason is that nano-selenium has strong hydrophilicity and is difficult to disperse and wet in the oil phase, so the surface modification of nano-selenium is necessary to improve the stability of the Pickering emulsion of nano-selenium.
  • the primary purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a preparation method of a nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion prepared by the above method.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
  • a kind of preparation method of nano selenium Pickering emulsion comprises the steps:
  • the water described in step (1) is preferably pure water.
  • the nano-selenium described in step (1) is preferably nano-selenium modified with Tween 80.
  • the Tween 80-modified nano-selenium is obtained by adding Tween 80 in the process of preparing nano-selenium by a reduction method, preferably prepared by the following steps: take the inorganic selenium source solution and the Tween 80 solution and mix it evenly and place it on ice. ; Then add the reducing agent solution dropwise, let it stand on ice after the dropwise addition, and then place it at 0-8 °C; dialyze the obtained product with deionized water, and add the protective agent to the product obtained after dialysis to obtain solution A; Solution A was freeze-dried to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium powder.
  • the inorganic selenium source is preferably one or both of sodium selenate and sodium selenite.
  • the reducing agent is preferably one or both of L-cysteine and vitamin C.
  • the standing time is preferably 10-20 min; more preferably 15 min.
  • the said time at 0-8° C. is preferably 8-16 hours.
  • the temperature during standing at 0 to 8°C is more preferably 4°C.
  • the time of the dialysis is preferably 36-60h; more preferably 48h.
  • the specification of the dialysis bag in the dialysis is preferably 4000kDa.
  • the protective agent is preferably trehalose.
  • the added amount of the protective agent is preferably 5-7 g/mL in solution A; more preferably 6 g/mL.
  • the oil described in step (2) is edible oil; preferably one or at least two of ganoderma spore oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil and fish oil.
  • the nano-selenium dispersion described in the step (2) and the oil are preferably mixed in a volume ratio of 2:8 to 8:2.
  • the concentration of the nano-selenium dispersion described in step (2) is 0.1% w/v to 1% w/v, preferably 0.3 to 1% w/v.
  • the shearing homogenization method described in step (2) is preferably a high-speed shearing homogenization method.
  • the conditions for shearing homogenization described in step (2) are preferably: shearing at 5000-20000rpm for 1-20min; more preferably: shearing at 6000-15000rpm for 3-15min; most preferably: shearing at 10000-15000rpm 3 to 5 minutes.
  • a nano-selenium Pickering emulsion is obtained by the above preparation method.
  • the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion is applied in the fields of health care products, functional foods and biomedicine.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
  • the invention uses Tween 80 (TW80) as a modifier to synthesize selenium nanoparticles with uniform particles, small particle size and good surface lipophilicity.
  • TW80 Tween 80
  • the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion system can not only serve as a delivery carrier of hydrophobic active substances, but also can be used as an oral inorganic selenium source to overcome the problem of poor compatibility between nano-selenium and oil-soluble active substances.
  • the product of the invention can be used as a selenium supplement to meet the needs of people deficient in selenium, and has a good market prospect.
  • Figure 1 is a TEM photograph of Tween 80 modified nano-selenium.
  • Figure 2 is a particle size distribution diagram of Tween 80 modified nano-selenium.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the average particle size detection results of nano-selenium selenium modified with Tween 80, chitosan and PVP respectively.
  • Figure 4 is the particle size distribution diagram of the Tween 80 nanoselenium Pickering emulsion under different oil volume fractions.
  • Fig. 5 is the real picture of Tween 80-nano-selenium, chitosan-nano-selenium and emulsion.
  • Figure 6 is the topography of Tween 80 nanoselenium Pickering emulsion under different oil volume fractions.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the detection results of the formation of an interface film on the surface of oil droplets with Tween 80 nanoselenium.
  • Corn oil food grade, purchased from COFCO;
  • Tween 80 food grade, purchased from Guangzhou Chunjia Trading Co., Ltd.;
  • Trehalose, food grade purchased from Henan Qinuo Food Ingredients Co., Ltd.;
  • PVP food grade, purchased from Zhengzhou Wanbo Chemical Products Co., Ltd.;
  • Corn oil food grade, purchased from COFCO;
  • Nile red analytically pure, purchased from Sigma-aldrich;
  • Rhodamine B analytically pure, was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Company;
  • Sodium selenite solution prepare sodium selenite with a concentration of 100 mM (weigh 0.349 g of sodium selenite and dissolve it in 20 ml of water).
  • L-cysteine solution prepare L-cysteine with a concentration of 40 mM (weigh 0.096 g and dissolve it in 20 ml of water).
  • Tween 80 solution Prepare 5 mg/ml of Tween 80.
  • Chitosan solution A 2 mg/mL chitosan solution was prepared with 20 mM acetic acid solution.
  • PVP solution Prepare a 2 mg/mL PVP solution in deionized water.
  • Nile Red Solution Prepare a 1 mg/mL solution with propylene glycol.
  • Rhodamine B Solution Rhodamine B was formulated as a 1 mM solution in deionized water.
  • Tween 80-nano selenium powder Disperse the Tween 80-nano selenium powder into water, stir under the dark condition to make the nano selenium disperse completely, and obtain the Tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid with a concentration of 0.3% (w/v); 60 mL of Tween 80 The nano-selenium dispersion was mixed with 40 mL of corn oil, sheared and homogenized at 10,000 rpm for 5 min, to obtain a Tween 80 nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
  • the preparation process of chitosan-modified nano-selenium is basically the same as the preparation process of Tween 80-nano-selenium powder, except that chitosan solution (2 mg/mL) is used instead of Tween 80 solution.
  • PVP-modified nano-selenium is basically the same as that of Tween 80-nano-selenium powder, except that PVP solution (2 mg/mL) is used instead of Tween 80 solution.
  • the selenium content of Tween 80 nanometer selenium was detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the yield of nanometer selenium was 55% according to the feeding amount and the selenium content of the product.
  • Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion was analyzed by electron transmission electron microscopy, and the results are shown in Figure 1.
  • Tween 80 nanometer selenium has a spherical structure, and its particle size and PDI are 80 nm and 0.105, respectively.
  • Adopt dynamic light scattering method to analyze Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion obtain the average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano selenium, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
  • the average particle size of Tween 80-nano-selenium is 82 nm, while the average particle size of chitosan-nano-selenium and PVP-nano-selenium is 110 nm and 150 nm.
  • Tween 80-nano-selenium helps it to be adsorbed on the oil-water interface, thereby forming a stable emulsion system.
  • the particle size distribution curve of TW-80 nano-selenium Pickering emulsion was measured by Malvern Mastersizer3000 particle size analyzer, and the obtained results are shown in Figure 4.
  • Tween nano-selenium is used as the emulsifier
  • the particle size of the oil droplets in the obtained emulsion is between 30 and 200 ⁇ m, and the average particle size of the emulsion is 60 ⁇ m at this time.
  • chitosan-nano-selenium and PVP-nano-selenium could not obtain stable Pickering emulsions.
  • the emulsion microstructure of TW80-nano-selenium was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy: 1) 1 mL of Nile red solution was mixed with 100 mL of corn oil to obtain a Nile red-labeled corn oil solution; 2) Nile red-containing solution was prepared according to step (2).
  • the obtained corn oil was mixed with Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion and homogenized, and the obtained emulsion was observed with a fluorescence microscope, and the results were shown in Figure 6.
  • the particle size of the oil droplets marked with red fluorescence is between 20 and 120 ⁇ m.
  • the interface film formed by TW80-nano-selenium on the oil-water interface was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy: 1) Labeling Tween 80-nano-selenium with Rhodamine B: dropwise into 0.3% (w/v) Tween-80-nano-selenium dispersion Add Rhodamine B solution to make the Rhodamine B concentration reach 0.01mM; 2) Mix and homogenize the Rhodamine B-labeled Tween 80 nano-selenium dispersion with corn oil according to the method in step (2), and the obtained emulsion has a fluorescent Microscopic observation, the results are shown in Figure 7. The red fluorescently labeled Tween 80nm selenium was adsorbed around the oil droplets, preventing the coalescence of the oil droplets.
  • Tween 80-nano selenium powder Disperse the Tween 80-nano selenium powder into water, stir under the dark condition to make the nano selenium disperse completely, and obtain the Tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid, the concentration is 0.5% (w/v);
  • the 80-nanometer selenium dispersion was mixed with 20 mL of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, sheared and homogenized at 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes, and the Tween 80-nanometer selenium-Ganoderma lucidum spore oil Pickering emulsion was obtained.
  • the average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano selenium were measured by dynamic light scattering method, and the results showed that the average particle size of Tween 80-nano selenium was 76 nm.
  • the particle size distribution curve of TW-80 nano-selenium stabilized emulsion was measured by Malvern Mastersizer3000 particle size analyzer, and the results showed that the average particle size of the emulsion was 40 ⁇ m.
  • Tween 80-nano selenium Disperse Tween 80-nano selenium into water, stir under light-proof conditions to make the nano selenium dispersed completely, and obtain a Tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid with a concentration of 1% (w/v); 20 mL of Tween 80 nanometer The selenium dispersion was mixed with 80 mL of olive oil, sheared and homogenized at 15,000 rpm for 5 min to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium-olive oil Pickering emulsion.
  • the average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano-selenium were measured by dynamic light scattering method, and the results showed that the average particle size of Tween 80-nano-selenium was 80 nm.
  • the particle size distribution curve of TW-80 nano-selenium stabilized emulsion was measured by Malvern Mastersizer3000 particle size analyzer, and the result showed that the average particle size of the emulsion was 86 ⁇ m.
  • Sodium selenite solution prepare sodium selenite with a concentration of 20 mM (weigh 0.349 g of sodium selenite and dissolve it in 100 ml of water).
  • Quercetin solution prepare 10 mM quercetin in methanol (weigh 30.2 mg and dissolve in 10 ml of water).
  • Tween 80 solution Prepare a 5 mg/ml Tween 80 solution.
  • Gum Arabic solution Prepare a solution of gum arabic at a concentration of 10 mg/mL in deionized water.
  • the selenium content of quercetin-Tween 80 nanometer selenium was detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the yield of nanometer selenium was 18% according to the feeding amount and the selenium content of the product. Compared with the product of Example 1, the yield of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium was lower.
  • the average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano-selenium were measured by dynamic light scattering method. The results showed that the average particle size and PDI of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium were 126 nm and 0.263, respectively. Compared with the product of Example 1, the average particle size of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium is larger, and the particle uniformity is also lower.
  • the nano-selenium synthesis method of the present invention has the advantages of high yield and good interfacial activity, and the further obtained nano-selenium Pickering emulsion system has the advantages of good stability; Due to the high encapsulation ability of fat-soluble active substances, the nano-selenium-Pickering emulsion system of the present invention has higher drug-loading capacity and can be used as an ideal carrier for delivering hydrophobic active substances.

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Abstract

A preparation method for a nano-selenium Pickering emulsion, comprising the following steps: (1) preparation of a nano-selenium dispersion liquid: using lyophilized nano-selenium powder as raw materials, and preparing the nano-selenium dispersion liquid by using water; and (2) preparation of the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion: mixing the nano-selenium dispersion liquid and oil, and hearing and homogenizing to obtain the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion, nano-selenium being Tween 80 modified nano-selenium. The present invention further relates to the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion prepared by said method, and applications of the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion in the fields of health care products, functional food, and biomedicine.

Description

一种纳米硒皮克林乳液及其制备方法与应用A kind of nano selenium Pickering emulsion and its preparation method and application
本发明要求2020年10月10日向中国专利局提交的发明《一种纳米硒皮克林乳液及其制备方法与应用》的优先权，该在先发明申请的申请号是CN202011078460.8。The present invention claims the priority of the invention "A Nano Selenium Pickering Emulsion and its Preparation Method and Application" submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on October 10, 2020. The application number of the prior invention application is CN202011078460.8.
技术领域technical field
本发明属于保健品、功能食品和生物医药领域，特别涉及一种纳米硒皮克林乳液及其制备方法与应用。The invention belongs to the fields of health care products, functional foods and biomedicine, and particularly relates to a nano-selenium Pickering emulsion and a preparation method and application thereof.
背景技术Background technique
皮克林(Pickering)乳液是一类由纳米/微米级固体颗粒稳定的乳液，其具有稳定性好，抗聚集，抗絮凝和抗奥氏化成熟等特点，在食品、化妆品、医药等领域具有广泛的应用。与小分子表面活性剂和以天然大分子稳定的传统乳液相比，Pickering乳液中起到乳化作用的固体颗粒在水-油界面上的吸附过程不可逆，因为颗粒不仅降低了体系的总自由能，也为液滴之间的接触提供了空间上的物理屏障，赋予了Pickering乳液更强的稳定性。目前，用于皮克林乳液皮克林稳定剂主要包括无机纳米颗粒和有机纳米颗粒。在食品工业领域中，将能够解决乳液体系安全性及稳定性问题，但是常见的以无机颗粒(非食品级)稳定的Pickering乳液的生物相容性、生物可降解性等问题限制了Pickering乳液在食品工业中的应用。目前，食品级皮克林乳液主要基于蛋白、多糖等传统可食性原料合成的微纳米尺度材料。Pickering emulsion is a kind of emulsion stabilized by nano/micron solid particles, which has the characteristics of good stability, anti-aggregation, anti-flocculation and anti-austenization maturation, etc. Wide range of applications. Compared with small-molecule surfactants and traditional emulsions stabilized by natural macromolecules, the adsorption process of solid particles that play an emulsifying role in Pickering emulsions on the water-oil interface is irreversible, because the particles not only reduce the total free energy of the system, but also It also provides a steric physical barrier for the contact between droplets, giving Pickering emulsions stronger stability. At present, Pickering stabilizers for Pickering emulsions mainly include inorganic nanoparticles and organic nanoparticles. In the field of food industry, it will be able to solve the problems of safety and stability of emulsion system, but the common problems such as biocompatibility and biodegradability of Pickering emulsion stabilized with inorganic particles (non-food grade) limit the application of Pickering emulsion. Applications in the food industry. At present, food-grade Pickering emulsions are mainly based on micro- and nano-scale materials synthesized from traditional edible raw materials such as proteins and polysaccharides.
硒是人和动物必需的微量元素之一，与体机体的抗氧化能力、免疫功能、抗病毒、抗癌作用等有着重要关系。与无机硒和有机硒相比，纳米硒具有毒性低、生物活性高等特征在动物生产、医药及保健品方面的应用具有良好的前景。目前，纳米硒在皮克林乳液中的应用鲜有报道。究其原因，纳米硒具有较强的亲水性，在油相中难以分散和润湿，因此必须对纳米进行表面改性，以提高纳米硒的皮克林乳液稳定性能。Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for humans and animals, and has an important relationship with the body's antioxidant capacity, immune function, antiviral, and anticancer effects. Compared with inorganic selenium and organic selenium, nano-selenium has the characteristics of low toxicity and high biological activity, and has a good prospect in the application of animal production, medicine and health care products. At present, the application of nano-selenium in Pickering emulsion is rarely reported. The reason is that nano-selenium has strong hydrophilicity and is difficult to disperse and wet in the oil phase, so the surface modification of nano-selenium is necessary to improve the stability of the Pickering emulsion of nano-selenium.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的首要目的在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足，提供一种纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法。The primary purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a preparation method of a nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
本发明的另一目的在于提供由上述方法制备得到的纳米硒皮克林乳液。Another object of the present invention is to provide the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion prepared by the above method.
本发明的再一目的在于提供上述纳米硒皮克林乳液的应用。Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，包括如下步 骤：Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation method of nano selenium Pickering emulsion, comprises the steps:
(1)纳米硒分散液的制备：以冻干纳米硒粉末为原料，用水配制成纳米硒分散液；(1) Preparation of nano-selenium dispersion: take freeze-dried nano-selenium powder as raw material, and prepare nano-selenium dispersion with water;
(2)纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备：将纳米硒分散液与油混合，剪切均质，得到纳米硒皮克林乳液。(2) Preparation of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion: mixing nano-selenium dispersion with oil, shearing and homogenizing, to obtain nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
步骤(1)中所述的水优选为纯水。The water described in step (1) is preferably pure water.
步骤(1)中所述的纳米硒优选为吐温80修饰的纳米硒。The nano-selenium described in step (1) is preferably nano-selenium modified with Tween 80.
所述的吐温80修饰的纳米硒是运用还原法制备纳米硒的过程中加入吐温80得到，优选通过如下步骤制备得到：取无机硒源溶液与吐温80溶液混匀后放置在冰上；接着滴加入还原剂溶液，滴加完毕后于冰上静置，再于0～8℃放置；将得到的产物用去离子水透析，透析后得到的产物加入保护剂，得到溶液A；将溶液A冷冻干燥，得到吐温80纳米硒粉末。The Tween 80-modified nano-selenium is obtained by adding Tween 80 in the process of preparing nano-selenium by a reduction method, preferably prepared by the following steps: take the inorganic selenium source solution and the Tween 80 solution and mix it evenly and place it on ice. ; Then add the reducing agent solution dropwise, let it stand on ice after the dropwise addition, and then place it at 0-8 °C; dialyze the obtained product with deionized water, and add the protective agent to the product obtained after dialysis to obtain solution A; Solution A was freeze-dried to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium powder.
所述的无机硒源优选为硒酸钠和亚硒酸钠中的一种或两种。The inorganic selenium source is preferably one or both of sodium selenate and sodium selenite.
所述的还原剂优选为L-半胱氨酸和维生素C中的一种或两种。The reducing agent is preferably one or both of L-cysteine and vitamin C.
所述的还原剂的用量优选为相对于无机硒源过量，从而能将无机硒源彻底还原；更优选为按无机硒源：还原剂＝摩尔比100：35～50配比；最优选为按无机硒源：还原剂＝摩尔比100：40配比。The dosage of the reducing agent is preferably an excess relative to the inorganic selenium source, so that the inorganic selenium source can be completely reduced; more preferably, the ratio of inorganic selenium source: reducing agent=mol ratio 100:35-50; Inorganic selenium source: reducing agent = molar ratio of 100:40.
所述的吐温80的用量优选为按无机硒源：吐温80＝200μmol：4～6mg配比；更优选为按无机硒源：吐温80＝200μmol：5mg配比。The dosage of the Tween 80 is preferably in the proportion of inorganic selenium source: Tween 80=200 μmol: 4-6 mg; more preferably in the proportion of inorganic selenium source: Tween 80=200 μmol: 5 mg.
所述的静置的时间优选为10～20min；更优选为15min。The standing time is preferably 10-20 min; more preferably 15 min.
所述的于0～8℃放置的时间优选为8～16小时。The said time at 0-8° C. is preferably 8-16 hours.
所述的于0～8℃放置中的温度更优选为4℃。The temperature during standing at 0 to 8°C is more preferably 4°C.
所述的透析的时间优选为36～60h；更优选为48h。The time of the dialysis is preferably 36-60h; more preferably 48h.
所述的透析中的透析袋规格优选为4000kDa。The specification of the dialysis bag in the dialysis is preferably 4000kDa.
所述的保护剂优选为海藻糖。The protective agent is preferably trehalose.
所述的保护剂的添加量优选为在溶液A中的浓度为5～7g/mL；更优选为6g/mL。The added amount of the protective agent is preferably 5-7 g/mL in solution A; more preferably 6 g/mL.
步骤(2)中所述的油为食用油；优选为灵芝孢子油、玉米油、橄榄油、大豆油和鱼油中的一种或至少两种。The oil described in step (2) is edible oil; preferably one or at least two of ganoderma spore oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil and fish oil.
步骤(2)中所述的纳米硒分散液和所述的油优选按体积比2:8～8:2配比混合。The nano-selenium dispersion described in the step (2) and the oil are preferably mixed in a volume ratio of 2:8 to 8:2.
步骤(2)中所述的纳米硒分散液的浓度为0.1％w/v～1％w/v，优选为0.3～1％w/v。The concentration of the nano-selenium dispersion described in step (2) is 0.1% w/v to 1% w/v, preferably 0.3 to 1% w/v.
步骤(2)中所述的剪切均质的方式优选为高速剪切均质法。The shearing homogenization method described in step (2) is preferably a high-speed shearing homogenization method.
步骤(2)中所述的剪切均质的条件优选为于5000～20000rpm剪切1～20min；更优选为：于6000～15000rpm剪切3～15min；最优选为：于10000～15000rpm剪切3～5min。The conditions for shearing homogenization described in step (2) are preferably: shearing at 5000-20000rpm for 1-20min; more preferably: shearing at 6000-15000rpm for 3-15min; most preferably: shearing at 10000-15000rpm 3 to 5 minutes.
一种纳米硒皮克林乳液，通过上述制备方法得到。A nano-selenium Pickering emulsion is obtained by the above preparation method.
所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液在保健品、功能食品和生物医药领域中进行应用。The nano-selenium Pickering emulsion is applied in the fields of health care products, functional foods and biomedicine.
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
本发明以吐温80(TW80)为修饰剂，合成了颗粒均一、粒径小、表面亲油性好的的硒纳米颗粒。用所述的TW80修饰的纳米硒为乳化剂，制备了硒含量高、生物活性好、稳定性高的皮克林乳液。该纳米硒皮克林乳液体系不仅可充当疏水性活性物质的递送载体，还可以作为一种口服的无机硒源，克服纳米硒与油溶性活性物质相容性差的问题。作为一种食品级的含硒皮克林乳液，本发明所述的产品可作为一种硒补充剂，满足缺硒人群的需求，具有良好的市场前景。The invention uses Tween 80 (TW80) as a modifier to synthesize selenium nanoparticles with uniform particles, small particle size and good surface lipophilicity. Using the TW80-modified nano-selenium as an emulsifier, a Pickering emulsion with high selenium content, good biological activity and high stability was prepared. The nano-selenium Pickering emulsion system can not only serve as a delivery carrier of hydrophobic active substances, but also can be used as an oral inorganic selenium source to overcome the problem of poor compatibility between nano-selenium and oil-soluble active substances. As a food-grade selenium-containing Pickering emulsion, the product of the invention can be used as a selenium supplement to meet the needs of people deficient in selenium, and has a good market prospect.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是吐温80修饰纳米硒的TEM照片图。Figure 1 is a TEM photograph of Tween 80 modified nano-selenium.
图2是吐温80修饰纳米硒的粒径分布图。Figure 2 is a particle size distribution diagram of Tween 80 modified nano-selenium.
图3是吐温80、壳聚糖、PVP分别修饰的纳米硒的平均粒径检测结果图。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the average particle size detection results of nano-selenium selenium modified with Tween 80, chitosan and PVP respectively.
图4是吐温80纳米硒皮克林乳液在不同油体积分数下的乳液粒径分布图。Figure 4 is the particle size distribution diagram of the Tween 80 nanoselenium Pickering emulsion under different oil volume fractions.
图5是吐温80-纳米硒、壳聚糖-纳米硒、乳液实物图。Fig. 5 is the real picture of Tween 80-nano-selenium, chitosan-nano-selenium and emulsion.
图6是吐温80纳米硒皮克林乳液在不同油体积分数下的形貌图。Figure 6 is the topography of Tween 80 nanoselenium Pickering emulsion under different oil volume fractions.
图7是吐温80纳米硒在油滴表面形成界面膜的检测结果图。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the detection results of the formation of an interface film on the surface of oil droplets with Tween 80 nanoselenium.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
玉米油，食品级，购买于中粮集团；Corn oil, food grade, purchased from COFCO;
橄榄油，食品级，购买于中粮集团；Olive oil, food grade, purchased from COFCO;
中链脂肪酸，食品级，购自马来西亚Britz Networks Sdn.Bhd公司；Medium chain fatty acid, food grade, purchased from Britz Networks Sdn.Bhd, Malaysia;
吐温80，食品级，购买于广州市纯嘉贸易有限公司；Tween 80, food grade, purchased from Guangzhou Chunjia Trading Co., Ltd.;
亚硒酸钠，食品级，购于湖北鑫润德公司：Sodium selenite, food grade, purchased from Hubei Xinrunde Company:
海藻糖，食品级，购于河南旗诺食品配料有限公司；Trehalose, food grade, purchased from Henan Qinuo Food Ingredients Co., Ltd.;
壳聚糖，食品级，购于南京京润生物科技有限公司；Chitosan, food grade, purchased from Nanjing Jingrun Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;
PVP，食品级，购于郑州万搏化工产品有限公司；PVP, food grade, purchased from Zhengzhou Wanbo Chemical Products Co., Ltd.;
玉米油；食品级，购于中粮集团；Corn oil; food grade, purchased from COFCO;
尼罗红，分析纯，购于Sigma-aldrich公司；Nile red, analytically pure, purchased from Sigma-aldrich;
罗丹明B，分析纯，购于上海阿拉丁试剂公司；Rhodamine B, analytically pure, was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Company;
槲皮素，纯度>95％，购于陕西昂盛生物医药科技有限公司；Quercetin, purity >95%, purchased from Shaanxi Ansheng Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.;
阿拉伯胶，食品级，购于武汉盛瑞源生物科技有限公司。Gum Arabic, food grade, was purchased from Wuhan Shengruiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
实施例1Example 1
(1)溶液的配制(1) Preparation of solution
亚硒酸钠溶液：配制浓度为100mM的亚硒酸钠(称取0.349g亚硒酸钠，溶于20ml水)。Sodium selenite solution: prepare sodium selenite with a concentration of 100 mM (weigh 0.349 g of sodium selenite and dissolve it in 20 ml of water).
L-半胱氨酸溶液：配制浓度为40mM的L-半胱氨酸(称取0.096g溶于20ml水)。L-cysteine solution: prepare L-cysteine with a concentration of 40 mM (weigh 0.096 g and dissolve it in 20 ml of water).
吐温80溶液：配制5mg/ml的吐温80。 Tween 80 solution: Prepare 5 mg/ml of Tween 80.
壳聚糖溶液：用20mM乙酸溶液配制2mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液。Chitosan solution: A 2 mg/mL chitosan solution was prepared with 20 mM acetic acid solution.
PVP溶液：用去离子水配制2mg/mL的PVP溶液。PVP solution: Prepare a 2 mg/mL PVP solution in deionized water.
尼罗红溶液：用丙二醇配制成1mg/mL的溶液。Nile Red Solution: Prepare a 1 mg/mL solution with propylene glycol.
罗丹明B溶液：用去离子水将罗丹明B配制成1mM的溶液。Rhodamine B Solution: Rhodamine B was formulated as a 1 mM solution in deionized water.
(2)吐温80纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备(2) Preparation of Tween 80 Nano Selenium Pickering Emulsion
1)取2mL已经配好的亚硒酸钠溶液放置在25mL烧杯中，再加入1mL吐温80溶液混匀后放置在冰上；接着滴加入2mL L-半胱氨酸溶液，边滴加边手动延一个方向转动；滴加完毕后放在冰上静止15分钟。然后放入4℃冰箱过夜；将得到的产物装入截留分子量为4000kDa的透析袋中，在室温下用去离子水透析48h，每隔8h换一次水；透析后得到的产物加入海藻糖至浓度为6g/mL，冷冻干燥48h，得到吐温80(TW80)纳米硒粉末。1) Take 2 mL of prepared sodium selenite solution and place it in a 25 mL beaker, add 1 mL of Tween 80 solution and mix it, and place it on ice; then add 2 mL of L-cysteine solution dropwise, while adding Manually rotate in one direction; after dropping, place on ice for 15 minutes. Then put it in a refrigerator at 4°C overnight; put the obtained product into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 4000kDa, dialyze it with deionized water for 48h at room temperature, and change the water every 8h; the product obtained after dialysis is added with trehalose to the concentration 6g/mL, freeze-dried for 48h to obtain Tween 80 (TW80) nano-selenium powder.
2)将吐温80-纳米硒粉末分散到水中，避光条件下搅拌，使纳米硒分散完全，得到吐温80纳米硒分散液，浓度为0.3％(w/v)；将60mL吐温80纳米硒分散液与40mL玉米油混合，10000rpm剪切均质5min，得到吐温80纳米硒皮克林乳液。2) Disperse the Tween 80-nano selenium powder into water, stir under the dark condition to make the nano selenium disperse completely, and obtain the Tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid with a concentration of 0.3% (w/v); 60 mL of Tween 80 The nano-selenium dispersion was mixed with 40 mL of corn oil, sheared and homogenized at 10,000 rpm for 5 min, to obtain a Tween 80 nano-selenium Pickering emulsion.
(3)壳聚糖纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备(3) Preparation of chitosan nano-selenium Pickering emulsion
1)壳聚糖修饰的纳米硒的制备过程与吐温80-纳米硒粉末制备过程基本相同，不同之处在于用壳聚糖溶液(2mg/mL)代替吐温80溶液。1) The preparation process of chitosan-modified nano-selenium is basically the same as the preparation process of Tween 80-nano-selenium powder, except that chitosan solution (2 mg/mL) is used instead of Tween 80 solution.
2)将壳聚糖-纳米硒分散到水中，避光条件下搅拌，使纳米硒分散完全，得到壳聚糖-纳米硒分散液，浓度为0.3％(w/v)；将60mL壳聚糖-纳米硒分散液与40mL玉米油混合，10000rpm剪切均质5min，得到壳聚糖纳米硒与玉米油形成的混合液。2) Disperse the chitosan-nano-selenium into water, and stir under the condition of avoiding light to make the nano-selenium disperse completely to obtain a chitosan-nano-selenium dispersion liquid with a concentration of 0.3% (w/v); add 60 mL of chitosan - Mixing the nano-selenium dispersion liquid with 40 mL of corn oil, shearing and homogenizing at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes, to obtain a mixed liquid formed by chitosan nano-selenium and corn oil.
(4)PVP纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备(4) Preparation of PVP Nano-Se Pickering Emulsion
1)PVP修饰的纳米硒的制备过程与吐温80-纳米硒粉末制备过程基本相同，不同之处在于用PVP溶液(2mg/mL)代替吐温80溶液。1) The preparation process of PVP-modified nano-selenium is basically the same as that of Tween 80-nano-selenium powder, except that PVP solution (2 mg/mL) is used instead of Tween 80 solution.
2)将PVP-纳米硒分散到水中，避光条件下搅拌，使纳米硒分散完全，得到PVP-纳米硒分散液，浓度为0.3％(w/v)；将60mL PVP-纳米硒分散液与40mL玉米油混合，10000rpm剪切均质5min，得到PVP纳米硒与玉米油形成的混合液。2) Disperse the PVP-nano selenium into water, stir in the dark to make the nano-selenium disperse completely, and obtain a PVP-nano-selenium dispersion liquid with a concentration of 0.3% (w/v); mix 60 mL of the PVP-nano-selenium dispersion with 40 mL of corn oil was mixed, sheared and homogenized at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed solution formed by PVP nano-selenium and corn oil.
(5)检测(5) Detection
采用原子荧光光谱法检测吐温80纳米硒的硒含量，根据投料量与产物的硒含量得纳米硒的产率为55％。The selenium content of Tween 80 nanometer selenium was detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the yield of nanometer selenium was 55% according to the feeding amount and the selenium content of the product.
采用电子透射电镜进行分析吐温80纳米硒分散液，结果如图1所示。吐温80纳米硒具有球形结构，其粒径、PDI分别为80nm、0.105。The Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion was analyzed by electron transmission electron microscopy, and the results are shown in Figure 1. Tween 80 nanometer selenium has a spherical structure, and its particle size and PDI are 80 nm and 0.105, respectively.
采用动态光散射法进行分析吐温80纳米硒分散液，得到TW80-纳米硒的平均粒径及粒径 分布曲线，如图2、图3所示。吐温80-纳米硒的平均粒径为82nm，而壳聚糖-纳米硒、PVP-纳米硒的平均粒径却达110nm、150nm。相对于壳聚糖-纳米硒、PVP-纳米硒而言，吐温80-纳米硒较小的尺寸有助于其吸附到油水界面上，从而形成稳定的乳液体系。Adopt dynamic light scattering method to analyze Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion, obtain the average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano selenium, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. The average particle size of Tween 80-nano-selenium is 82 nm, while the average particle size of chitosan-nano-selenium and PVP-nano-selenium is 110 nm and 150 nm. Compared with chitosan-nano-selenium and PVP-nano-selenium, the smaller size of Tween 80-nano-selenium helps it to be adsorbed on the oil-water interface, thereby forming a stable emulsion system.
采用马尔文Mastersizer3000粒度仪测定了TW-80纳米硒皮克林乳液粒径分布曲线，得到的结果如图4所示。当采用吐温纳米硒为乳化剂时，所得乳液中的油滴粒径介于30～200μm，此时乳液的平均粒径为60μm。而在相同的浓度、油体积分散条件下，壳聚糖-纳米硒、PVP-纳米硒却无法得到稳定的皮克林乳液，结果如图5所示，说明壳聚糖-纳米硒、PVP-纳米硒无法吸附在油水界面上，故剪切形成的小油滴迅速聚并成大油滴，无法形成如吐温80纳米硒所达到的乳化效果。The particle size distribution curve of TW-80 nano-selenium Pickering emulsion was measured by Malvern Mastersizer3000 particle size analyzer, and the obtained results are shown in Figure 4. When Tween nano-selenium is used as the emulsifier, the particle size of the oil droplets in the obtained emulsion is between 30 and 200 μm, and the average particle size of the emulsion is 60 μm at this time. However, under the same concentration and oil volume dispersion conditions, chitosan-nano-selenium and PVP-nano-selenium could not obtain stable Pickering emulsions. The results are shown in Figure 5, indicating that chitosan-nano-selenium, PVP- Nano-selenium cannot be adsorbed on the oil-water interface, so the small oil droplets formed by shearing quickly coalesce into large oil droplets, which cannot form the emulsification effect achieved by Tween 80 nano-selenium.
采用荧光显微镜分析了TW80-纳米硒的乳液微结构：1)1mL尼罗红溶液与100mL玉米油混合，得尼罗红标记的玉米油溶液；2)按步骤(2)方法将含尼罗红的玉米油与吐温80纳米硒分散液混合、均质，得到的乳液用荧光显微镜观察，结果如图6所示。吐温80纳米硒形成的乳液中，红色荧光标记的油滴的粒径介于20～120μm之间。The emulsion microstructure of TW80-nano-selenium was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy: 1) 1 mL of Nile red solution was mixed with 100 mL of corn oil to obtain a Nile red-labeled corn oil solution; 2) Nile red-containing solution was prepared according to step (2). The obtained corn oil was mixed with Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion and homogenized, and the obtained emulsion was observed with a fluorescence microscope, and the results were shown in Figure 6. In the emulsion formed by Tween 80 nanometer selenium, the particle size of the oil droplets marked with red fluorescence is between 20 and 120 μm.
采用荧光显微镜分析了TW80-纳米硒在油水界面上形成的界面膜：1)用罗丹明B标记吐温80-纳米硒：往0.3％(w/v)吐温80-纳米硒分散液中滴加入罗丹明B溶液，使罗丹明B浓度达0.01mM；2)按步骤(2)方法将含罗丹明B标记的吐温80纳米硒分散液与玉米油混合、均质，得到的乳液用荧光显微镜观察，结果如图7所示。红色荧光标记的吐温80纳米硒吸附在油滴的周围，防止油滴的聚并。The interface film formed by TW80-nano-selenium on the oil-water interface was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy: 1) Labeling Tween 80-nano-selenium with Rhodamine B: dropwise into 0.3% (w/v) Tween-80-nano-selenium dispersion Add Rhodamine B solution to make the Rhodamine B concentration reach 0.01mM; 2) Mix and homogenize the Rhodamine B-labeled Tween 80 nano-selenium dispersion with corn oil according to the method in step (2), and the obtained emulsion has a fluorescent Microscopic observation, the results are shown in Figure 7. The red fluorescently labeled Tween 80nm selenium was adsorbed around the oil droplets, preventing the coalescence of the oil droplets.
实施例2Example 2
(1)溶液的配制(1) Preparation of solution
同实施例1。Same as Example 1.
(2)吐温80纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备(2) Preparation of Tween 80 Nano Selenium Pickering Emulsion
1)取2mL已经配好的亚硒酸钠溶液放置在25mL烧杯中，再加入1mL吐温80溶液混匀后放置在冰上；接着滴加入2mL L-半胱氨酸溶液，边滴加边手动延一个方向转动；滴加完毕后放在冰上静止15分钟。然后放入4℃冰箱过夜；将得到的产物装入截留分子量为4000kDa的透析袋中，在室温下用去离子水透析48h，每隔8h换一次水；透析后得到的产物加入海藻糖至浓度为6g/mL，冷冻干燥48h，得到吐温80纳米硒粉末。1) Take 2 mL of prepared sodium selenite solution and place it in a 25 mL beaker, add 1 mL of Tween 80 solution and mix it, and place it on ice; then add 2 mL of L-cysteine solution dropwise, while adding Manually rotate in one direction; after dropping, place on ice for 15 minutes. Then put it in a refrigerator at 4°C overnight; put the obtained product into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 4000kDa, dialyze it with deionized water for 48h at room temperature, and change the water every 8h; the product obtained after dialysis is added with trehalose to the concentration 6g/mL, freeze-dried for 48h to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium powder.
2)将吐温80-纳米硒粉末分散到水中，避光条件下搅拌，使纳米硒分散完全，得到吐温80纳米硒分散液，浓度为0.5％(w/v)；将80mL的吐温80纳米硒分散液与20mL的灵芝孢子油混合，12000rpm剪切均质3min，得到吐温80纳米硒-灵芝孢子油皮克林乳液。2) Disperse the Tween 80-nano selenium powder into water, stir under the dark condition to make the nano selenium disperse completely, and obtain the Tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid, the concentration is 0.5% (w/v); The 80-nanometer selenium dispersion was mixed with 20 mL of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, sheared and homogenized at 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes, and the Tween 80-nanometer selenium-Ganoderma lucidum spore oil Pickering emulsion was obtained.
(3)检测(3) Detection
采用动态光散射法测定TW80-纳米硒的平均粒径及粒径分布曲线，结果显示吐温80-纳米硒的平均粒径为76nm。The average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano selenium were measured by dynamic light scattering method, and the results showed that the average particle size of Tween 80-nano selenium was 76 nm.
采用马尔文Mastersizer3000粒度仪测定了TW-80纳米硒稳乳液粒径分布曲线，结果显示乳液的平均粒径为为40μm。The particle size distribution curve of TW-80 nano-selenium stabilized emulsion was measured by Malvern Mastersizer3000 particle size analyzer, and the results showed that the average particle size of the emulsion was 40 μm.
实施例3Example 3
(1)溶液的配制(1) Preparation of solution
同实施例1.Same as Example 1.
(2)吐温80纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备(2) Preparation of Tween 80 Nano Selenium Pickering Emulsion
1)取2mL已经配好的亚硒酸钠溶液放置在25mL烧杯中，再加入1mL吐温80溶液混匀后放置在冰上；接着滴加入2mL L-半胱氨酸溶液，边滴加边手动延一个方向转动；滴加完毕后放在冰上静止15分钟。然后放入4℃冰箱过夜；将得到的产物装入截留分子量为4000kDa的透析袋中，在室温下用去离子水透析48h，每隔8h换一次水；透析后得到的产物加入海藻糖至浓度为6g/mL，冷冻干燥48h，得到吐温80纳米硒粉末。1) Take 2 mL of prepared sodium selenite solution and place it in a 25 mL beaker, add 1 mL of Tween 80 solution and mix it, and place it on ice; then add 2 mL of L-cysteine solution dropwise, while adding Manually rotate in one direction; after dropping, place on ice for 15 minutes. Then put it in a refrigerator at 4°C overnight; put the obtained product into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 4000kDa, dialyze it with deionized water for 48h at room temperature, and change the water every 8h; the product obtained after dialysis is added with trehalose to the concentration 6g/mL, freeze-dried for 48h to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium powder.
2)将吐温80-纳米硒分散到水中，避光条件下搅拌，使纳米硒分散完全，得到吐温80纳米硒分散液，浓度为1％(w/v)；将20mL吐温80纳米硒分散液与80mL橄榄油混合，15000rpm剪切均质5min，得到吐温80纳米硒-橄榄油皮克林乳液。2) Disperse Tween 80-nano selenium into water, stir under light-proof conditions to make the nano selenium dispersed completely, and obtain a Tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid with a concentration of 1% (w/v); 20 mL of Tween 80 nanometer The selenium dispersion was mixed with 80 mL of olive oil, sheared and homogenized at 15,000 rpm for 5 min to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium-olive oil Pickering emulsion.
(3)检测(3) Detection
采用动态光散射法测定TW80-纳米硒的平均粒径及粒径分布曲线，结果显示吐温80-纳米硒的平均粒径为80nm。The average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano-selenium were measured by dynamic light scattering method, and the results showed that the average particle size of Tween 80-nano-selenium was 80 nm.
采用马尔文Mastersizer3000粒度仪测定了TW-80纳米硒稳乳液粒径分布曲线，结果显示乳液的平均粒径为86μm。The particle size distribution curve of TW-80 nano-selenium stabilized emulsion was measured by Malvern Mastersizer3000 particle size analyzer, and the result showed that the average particle size of the emulsion was 86 μm.
对比例1Comparative Example 1
(1)溶液的配制(1) Preparation of solution
亚硒酸钠溶液：配制浓度为20mM的亚硒酸钠(称取0.349g亚硒酸钠，溶于100ml水)。Sodium selenite solution: prepare sodium selenite with a concentration of 20 mM (weigh 0.349 g of sodium selenite and dissolve it in 100 ml of water).
槲皮素溶液：用甲醇配制浓度为10mM的槲皮素(称取30.2mg溶于10ml水)。Quercetin solution: prepare 10 mM quercetin in methanol (weigh 30.2 mg and dissolve in 10 ml of water).
吐温80溶液：配制5mg/ml的吐温80溶液。 Tween 80 solution: Prepare a 5 mg/ml Tween 80 solution.
阿拉伯胶溶液：用去离子水配制浓度为10mg/mL的阿拉伯胶溶液。Gum Arabic solution: Prepare a solution of gum arabic at a concentration of 10 mg/mL in deionized water.
(2)槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备(2) Preparation of quercetin-tween 80-nano-selenium Pickering emulsion
1)取4mL浓度为10mg/mL的阿拉伯胶溶液于25mL烧杯中，加入1mL浓度为20mM的亚硒酸钠溶液，室温搅拌20min；往上述溶液中加入12ml浓度为10mM的槲皮素溶液，再加入3mL甲醇室温搅拌5h，随后加入7.2mL浓度为5mg/mL的吐温80溶液，混匀后室温静至1h，最后旋转蒸发除去大部分甲醇；将得到的产物装入截留分子量为4000kDa的透析袋中，在室温下用去离子水透析48h，每隔8h换一次水；透析后得到的产物加入海藻糖至浓度为6g/mL，冷冻干燥48h，得到槲皮素-吐温80(TW80)纳米硒粉末。1) Take 4 mL of gum arabic solution with a concentration of 10 mg/mL in a 25 mL beaker, add 1 mL of sodium selenite solution with a concentration of 20 mM, and stir at room temperature for 20 min; add 12 mL of quercetin solution with a concentration of 10 mM to the above solution, and then Add 3 mL of methanol and stir at room temperature for 5 h, then add 7.2 mL of Tween 80 solution with a concentration of 5 mg/mL, and after mixing, let it stand for 1 h at room temperature, and finally remove most of the methanol by rotary evaporation; The bag was dialyzed with deionized water for 48h at room temperature, and the water was changed every 8h; the product obtained after dialysis was added with trehalose to a concentration of 6g/mL, and freeze-dried for 48h to obtain quercetin-Tween 80 (TW80) Nano selenium powder.
2)将槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒粉末分散到水中，避光条件下搅拌，使纳米硒分散完全，得到槲皮素-吐温80纳米硒分散液，浓度为0.3％(w/v)；将60mL吐温80纳米硒分散液与40mL玉米油混合，10000rpm剪切均质5min，得到槲皮素-吐温80纳米硒与玉米与形成的混合液。2) Disperse the quercetin-tween 80-nano selenium powder into water, stir under the dark condition, make the nano selenium disperse completely, obtain the quercetin-tween 80 nano selenium dispersion liquid, the concentration is 0.3% (w/ v); 60mL of Tween 80 nanometer selenium dispersion was mixed with 40mL of corn oil, sheared and homogenized at 10000rpm for 5min to obtain a mixed solution formed by quercetin-Tween 80 nanometer selenium and corn.
(3)检测(3) Detection
采用原子荧光光谱法检测槲皮素-吐温80纳米硒的硒含量，根据投料量与产物的硒含量得纳米硒的产率为18％。与实施例1的产品相比，槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒的产率较低。The selenium content of quercetin-Tween 80 nanometer selenium was detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the yield of nanometer selenium was 18% according to the feeding amount and the selenium content of the product. Compared with the product of Example 1, the yield of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium was lower.
采用动态光散射法测定TW80-纳米硒的平均粒径及粒径分布曲线，结果显示槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒的平均粒径、PDI分别为126nm、0.263。与实施例1的产品相比，槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒的平均粒径较大，且颗粒均匀度也较低。The average particle size and particle size distribution curve of TW80-nano-selenium were measured by dynamic light scattering method. The results showed that the average particle size and PDI of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium were 126 nm and 0.263, respectively. Compared with the product of Example 1, the average particle size of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium is larger, and the particle uniformity is also lower.
在相同的浓度、油体积分散条件下，槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒与玉米油剪切后的混合液迅速分层，无法得到稳定的皮克林乳液。与实施例1的产品相比，槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒的界面活性较差，原因可能是槲皮素抑制了吐温80对纳米硒的表面修饰效果，所以槲皮素-吐温80-纳米硒难以紧密地吸附到油水界面上。Under the same concentration and oil volume dispersion conditions, the mixed solution of quercetin-Tween 80-nano-selenium and corn oil after shearing was rapidly stratified, and a stable Pickering emulsion could not be obtained. Compared with the product of Example 1, the interfacial activity of quercetin-tween 80-nano-selenium is poor, the reason may be that quercetin inhibits the surface modification effect of tween 80 on nano-selenium, so Warm 80-nano-selenium is difficult to adsorb tightly to the oil-water interface.
通过实施例1与对比例1可知：①吐温80对纳米硒的表面活性的修饰效果不仅与吐温80的添加方式有关，还受到还原剂的影响；②L-半胱氨酸对亚硒酸钠的还原效率较槲皮素好，纳米硒的产率更高。综上，结合纳米硒的产率与表面活性进行考察，本发明中方法中采用的吐温80与L-半胱氨酸的组合，优于槲皮素与吐温80的组合，可获得具有良好乳化性能的纳米硒产品。From Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that: ① the modification effect of Tween 80 on the surface activity of nano-selenium is not only related to the way of adding Tween 80, but also affected by the reducing agent; ② the effect of L-cysteine on selenite The reduction efficiency of sodium is better than that of quercetin, and the yield of nano-selenium is higher. To sum up, combined with the yield and surface activity of nano selenium to investigate, the combination of Tween 80 and L-cysteine used in the method of the present invention is better than the combination of quercetin and Tween 80, and can obtain Nano selenium product with good emulsifying properties.
总之，本发明所述的纳米硒合成方法具有产率高、界面活性好的优势，进一步得到的纳米硒皮克林乳液体系具有稳定好的优点；与单独纳米硒相比，凭借皮克林乳液对脂溶性活性物质的高包封能力，本发明所述的纳米硒-皮克林乳液体系的载药能力更高，可作为递送疏水性活性物的理想载体。In a word, the nano-selenium synthesis method of the present invention has the advantages of high yield and good interfacial activity, and the further obtained nano-selenium Pickering emulsion system has the advantages of good stability; Due to the high encapsulation ability of fat-soluble active substances, the nano-selenium-Pickering emulsion system of the present invention has higher drug-loading capacity and can be used as an ideal carrier for delivering hydrophobic active substances.
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, The simplification should be equivalent replacement manners, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：A preparation method of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
    (1)纳米硒分散液的制备：以冻干纳米硒粉末为原料，用水配制成纳米硒分散液；(1) Preparation of nano-selenium dispersion: take freeze-dried nano-selenium powder as raw material, and prepare nano-selenium dispersion with water;
    (2)纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备：将纳米硒分散液与油混合，剪切均质，得到纳米硒皮克林乳液；(2) Preparation of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion: mixing nano-selenium dispersion with oil, shearing and homogenizing to obtain nano-selenium Pickering emulsion;
    所述的纳米硒为吐温80修饰的纳米硒。The nano selenium is Tween 80 modified nano selenium.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
    步骤(1)中所述的水为纯水；The water described in step (1) is pure water;
    所述的吐温80修饰的纳米硒是运用还原法制备纳米硒的过程中加入吐温80得到的。The Tween 80-modified nano-selenium is obtained by adding Tween 80 in the process of preparing the nano-selenium by a reduction method.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
    所述的吐温80修饰的纳米硒通过如下步骤制备得到：取无机硒源溶液与吐温80溶液混匀后放置在冰上；接着滴加入还原剂溶液，滴加完毕后于冰上静置，再于0～8℃放置；将得到的产物用去离子水透析，透析后得到的产物加入保护剂，得到溶液A；将溶液A冷冻干燥，得到吐温80纳米硒粉末。The Tween 80-modified nano-selenium is prepared through the following steps: mixing the inorganic selenium source solution with the Tween 80 solution and placing it on ice; then adding the reducing agent solution dropwise, and placing it on ice after the dropwise addition is complete , and then placed at 0-8° C.; the obtained product is dialyzed with deionized water, and the product obtained after dialysis is added with a protective agent to obtain solution A; solution A is freeze-dried to obtain Tween 80 nanometer selenium powder.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
    所述的无机硒源为硒酸钠和亚硒酸钠中的一种或两种；The inorganic selenium source is one or both of sodium selenate and sodium selenite;
    所述的还原剂为L-半胱氨酸和维生素C中的一种或两种；Described reducing agent is one or both in L-cysteine and vitamin C;
    所述的保护剂为海藻糖。The protective agent is trehalose.
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
    所述的还原剂的用量按无机硒源：还原剂＝摩尔比100：35～50配比；The dosage of the reducing agent is based on the proportion of inorganic selenium source: reducing agent=molar ratio 100:35-50;
    所述的吐温80的用量按无机硒源：吐温80＝200μmol：4～6mg配比；The dosage of the Tween 80 is based on the inorganic selenium source: Tween 80=200μmol:4～6mg;
    所述的保护剂的添加量为在溶液A中的浓度为5～7g/mL。The added amount of the protective agent is that the concentration in solution A is 5-7 g/mL.
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
    所述的静置的时间为10～20min；The said standing time is 10～20min;
    所述的于0～8℃放置的时间为8～16小时；The described time of placing at 0～8℃ is 8～16 hours;
    所述的透析中的透析袋规格为4000kDa；The dialysis bag specification in the described dialysis is 4000kDa;
    所述的透析的时间为36～60h。The dialysis time is 36-60h.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
    步骤(2)中所述的油为灵芝孢子油、玉米油、橄榄油、大豆油和鱼油中的一种或至少两种；The oil described in step (2) is one or at least two in Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil and fish oil;
    步骤(2)中所述的纳米硒分散液和所述的油按体积比2:8～8:2配比混合；The nano-selenium dispersion described in the step (2) and the oil are mixed in a volume ratio of 2:8 to 8:2;
    步骤(2)中所述的纳米硒分散液的浓度为0.1％w/v～1％w/v。The concentration of the nano-selenium dispersion described in step (2) is 0.1% w/v to 1% w/v.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：The preparation method of nano-selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
    步骤(2)中所述的剪切均质的条件为于5000～20000rpm剪切1～20min。The shearing and homogenizing conditions described in step (2) are shearing at 5000-20000 rpm for 1-20 min.
  9. 一种纳米硒皮克林乳液，其特征在于：通过权利要求1～8任一项所述的制备方法得到。A nano-selenium Pickering emulsion is characterized in that: it is obtained by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-8.
  10. 权利要求9所述的纳米硒皮克林乳液在保健品、功能食品和生物医药领域中的应用。Application of the nano-selenium Pickering emulsion according to claim 9 in the fields of health care products, functional foods and biomedicine.
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