WO2022065518A1 - Promoteur de croissance des neurites - Google Patents
Promoteur de croissance des neurites Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022065518A1 WO2022065518A1 PCT/JP2021/036361 JP2021036361W WO2022065518A1 WO 2022065518 A1 WO2022065518 A1 WO 2022065518A1 JP 2021036361 W JP2021036361 W JP 2021036361W WO 2022065518 A1 WO2022065518 A1 WO 2022065518A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dup15q
- syndrome
- salt
- derivative
- cells
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000014511 neuron projection development Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- ZBMZVLHSJCTVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N sotalol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(NS(C)(=O)=O)C=C1 ZBMZVLHSJCTVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229960002370 sotalol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- ALLWOAVDORUJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rebamipida Chemical compound C=1C(=O)NC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 ALLWOAVDORUJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- ZWBTYMGEBZUQTK-PVLSIAFMSA-N [(7S,9E,11S,12R,13S,14R,15R,16R,17S,18S,19E,21Z)-2,15,17,32-tetrahydroxy-11-methoxy-3,7,12,14,16,18,22-heptamethyl-1'-(2-methylpropyl)-6,23-dioxospiro[8,33-dioxa-24,27,29-triazapentacyclo[23.6.1.14,7.05,31.026,30]tritriaconta-1(32),2,4,9,19,21,24,26,30-nonaene-28,4'-piperidine]-13-yl] acetate Chemical compound CO[C@H]1\C=C\O[C@@]2(C)Oc3c(C2=O)c2c4NC5(CCN(CC(C)C)CC5)N=c4c(=NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H]1C)c(O)c2c(O)c3C ZWBTYMGEBZUQTK-PVLSIAFMSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229960000885 rifabutin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229950004535 rebamipide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 claims description 86
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 86
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 208000029560 autism spectrum disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 102100032795 Semaphorin-6A Human genes 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 101000654674 Homo sapiens Semaphorin-6A Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 101100155061 Homo sapiens UBE3A gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 101150045356 UBE3A gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 206010067380 Costello Syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000001914 Fragile X syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000006289 Rett Syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000017605 Hodgkin disease nodular sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004263 induced pluripotent stem cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 72
- 208000035478 Interatrial communication Diseases 0.000 description 51
- 206010003664 atrial septal defect Diseases 0.000 description 51
- 210000002241 neurite Anatomy 0.000 description 35
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 23
- -1 4-Chlorobenzoylamino Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 19
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 206010003805 Autism Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 208000020706 Autistic disease Diseases 0.000 description 12
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 238000003559 RNA-seq method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 102000004243 Tubulin Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000704 Tubulin Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 8
- 102100029831 Reticulon-4 Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 102100030434 Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 101710188886 Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 101000727472 Homo sapiens Reticulon-4 Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 210000003618 cortical neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- FWBHETKCLVMNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4',6-Diamino-2-phenylindol Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=N)N)=CC=C1C1=CC2=CC=C(C(N)=N)C=C2N1 FWBHETKCLVMNFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 208000026911 Tuberous sclerosis complex Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000009999 tuberous sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000001061 Dunnett's test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940124602 FDA-approved drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 4
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930182816 L-glutamine Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000011529 RT qPCR Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000027110 duplication/inversion 15q11 Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003064 k means clustering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008672 reprogramming Effects 0.000 description 4
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CEUORZQYGODEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aripirazole Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(N2CCN(CCCCOC=3C=C4NC(=O)CCC4=CC=3)CC2)=C1Cl CEUORZQYGODEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108700025699 DCC Genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940122498 Gene expression inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 108700021430 Kruppel-Like Factor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 201000010769 Prader-Willi syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 101150086694 SLC22A3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002867 adherens junction Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009391 cell specific gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012744 immunostaining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101150111214 lin-28 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010082117 matrigel Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008271 nervous system development Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001178 neural stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000004498 neuroglial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N oxytocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAPZEAPATHNIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N risperidone Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C3CCN(CC3)CCC=3C(=O)N4CCCCC4=NC=3C)=NOC2=C1 RAPZEAPATHNIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012174 single-cell RNA sequencing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N Ala-Gln Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(N)=O HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000009575 Angelman syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000036640 Asperger disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000006062 Asperger syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 102000004219 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000715 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010064063 CHARGE syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 201000009343 Cornelia de Lange syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007067 DNA methylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000003471 De Lange Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000010374 Down Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000006539 ELAV-Like Protein 4 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010008802 ELAV-Like Protein 4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100033425 GDNF family receptor alpha-2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000034615 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091010837 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000997967 Homo sapiens GDNF family receptor alpha-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000891579 Homo sapiens Microtubule-associated protein tau Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100149253 Homo sapiens SEMA6A gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000595526 Homo sapiens T-box brain protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000687905 Homo sapiens Transcription factor SOX-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000713575 Homo sapiens Tubulin beta-3 chain Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100028111 Magnesium transporter NIPA2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100040243 Microtubule-associated protein tau Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 208000033180 Monosomy 22q13.3 Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000029726 Neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102400000050 Oxytocin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxytocin Natural products N1C(=O)C(N)CSSCC(C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101800000989 Oxytocin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010032788 PAX6 Transcription Factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102100037506 Paired box protein Pax-6 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- BYPFEZZEUUWMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentoxifylline Chemical compound O=C1N(CCCCC(=O)C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 BYPFEZZEUUWMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000012202 Pervasive developmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000006880 Phelan-McDermid syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100247004 Rattus norvegicus Qsox1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004167 Ribonuclease P Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000621 Ribonuclease P Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101150044686 SEMA6A gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 102100036083 T-box brain protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100024270 Transcription factor SOX-2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102100036790 Tubulin beta-3 chain Human genes 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001793 Wilcoxon signed-rank test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960004372 aripiprazole Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dehydroacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C1C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009511 drug repositioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108091027963 non-coding RNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000042567 non-coding RNA Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960001723 oxytocin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000001778 pluripotent stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAHRKKWIAAJSAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N rapamycin Natural products COCC(O)C(=C/C(C)C(=O)CC(OC(=O)C1CCCCN1C(=O)C(=O)C2(O)OC(CC(OC)C(=CC=CC=CC(C)CC(C)C(=O)C)C)CCC2C)C(C)CC3CCC(O)C(C3)OC)C ZAHRKKWIAAJSAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 2
- JQXXHWHPUNPDRT-WLSIYKJHSA-N rifampicin Chemical compound O([C@](C1=O)(C)O/C=C/[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C(C)/C(=O)NC=2C(O)=C3C([O-])=C4C)C)OC)C4=C1C3=C(O)C=2\C=N\N1CC[NH+](C)CC1 JQXXHWHPUNPDRT-WLSIYKJHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001225 rifampicin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NZCRJKRKKOLAOJ-XRCRFVBUSA-N rifaximin Chemical compound OC1=C(C(O)=C2C)C3=C4N=C5C=C(C)C=CN5C4=C1NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)\C=C\O[C@@]1(C)OC2=C3C1=O NZCRJKRKKOLAOJ-XRCRFVBUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003040 rifaximin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001534 risperidone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FNKQXYHWGSIFBK-RPDRRWSUSA-N sapropterin Chemical compound N1=C(N)NC(=O)C2=C1NC[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C)N2 FNKQXYHWGSIFBK-RPDRRWSUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004617 sapropterin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QFJCIRLUMZQUOT-HPLJOQBZSA-N sirolimus Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@@H]2CCCCN2C(=O)C(=O)[C@](O)(O2)[C@H](C)CC[C@H]2C[C@H](OC)/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C/[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](OC)[C@H](O)/C(C)=C/[C@@H](C)C(=O)C1 QFJCIRLUMZQUOT-HPLJOQBZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002930 sirolimus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004114 suspension culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011222 transcriptome analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001185327 Acidobacteriales Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100022983 B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108060000903 Beta-catenin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015735 Beta-catenin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100022595 Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100257372 Caenorhabditis elegans sox-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000053642 Catalytic RNA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000994 Catalytic RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 208000037384 Clostridium Infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010011168 Cortical dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100032883 DNA-binding protein SATB2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000004163 DNA-directed RNA polymerases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000626 DNA-directed RNA polymerases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004287 Dehydroacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100034745 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HERC2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101150059079 EBNA1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150099612 Esrrb gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150072436 H1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000903697 Homo sapiens B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000823298 Homo sapiens Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000655236 Homo sapiens DNA-binding protein SATB2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000872516 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HERC2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000578266 Homo sapiens Magnesium transporter NIPA2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001111320 Homo sapiens Nestin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000001953 Hypotension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026350 Inborn Genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100034343 Integrase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 201000006347 Intellectual Disability Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022998 Irritability Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101150072501 Klf2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000000585 Mann–Whitney U test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101100310657 Mus musculus Sox1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100310648 Mus musculus Sox17 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100257376 Mus musculus Sox3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100043050 Mus musculus Sox4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100038895 Myc proto-oncogene protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710135898 Myc proto-oncogene protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000513886 Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012580 N-2 Supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108700026495 N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100030124 N-myc proto-oncogene protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150072008 NR5A2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100024014 Nestin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710138657 Neurotoxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010077641 Nogo Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 206010034010 Parkinsonism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010067902 Peptide Library Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000013381 RNA quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006819 RNA synthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010092799 RNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091036333 Rapid DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036353 Rett disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930189077 Rifamycin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 108091007607 SLC57A2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710199479 Semaphorin-6A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091027967 Small hairpin RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004459 Small interfering RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 101150001847 Sox15 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 101150111019 Tbx3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710150448 Transcriptional regulator Myc Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010083111 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006275 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940056213 abilify Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001789 adipocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004466 alkoxycarbonylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005036 alkoxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003699 antiulcer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 102000012740 beta Adrenergic Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010079452 beta Adrenergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000002618 bicyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001602 bicycloalkyls Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004958 brain cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- HFNQLYDPNAZRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O HFNQLYDPNAZRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940084030 carboxymethylcellulose calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000013677 cerebrovascular dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024825 childhood disintegrative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960004926 chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002759 chromosomal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000030251 communication disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000001767 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010947 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004858 cycloalkoxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000263 cytotoxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019258 dehydroacetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940061632 dehydroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005258 dental pulp stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JAUGGEIKQIHSMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dimagnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O JAUGGEIKQIHSMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007876 drug discovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007877 drug screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002889 endothelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002907 exocrine cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010195 expression analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007941 film coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010575 fractional recrystallization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001156 gastric mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000016361 genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008826 genomic mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002768 hair cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000005059 halophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003958 hematopoietic stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036543 hypotension Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026278 immune system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010569 immunofluorescence imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007901 in situ hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008011 inorganic excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008297 liquid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031703 low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005265 lung cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000017830 lymphoblastoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960003511 macrogol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWIWSGBSTHJORI-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dodecyl sulfate;hydrogen sulfate Chemical class [Mg+2].OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NWIWSGBSTHJORI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002901 mesenchymal stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate group Chemical class CS(=O)(=O)[O-] AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007855 methylation-specific PCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108091070501 miRNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002679 microRNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002493 microarray Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009456 molecular mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002911 monocyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008722 morphological abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000663 muscle cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000027531 mycobacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000022155 mycobacterium avium complex disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007922 nasal spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097496 nasal spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003061 neural cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004751 neurological system process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004031 neuronal differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005015 neuronal process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002581 neurotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000618 neurotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WVJVHUWVQNLPCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC WVJVHUWVQNLPCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001543 one-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008012 organic excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001476 pentoxifylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005359 phenoxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002071 phenylalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003753 real-time PCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108091092562 ribozyme Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950005007 rifalazil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SGHWBDUXKUSFOP-KYALZUAASA-N rifalazil Chemical compound O([C@](C1=O)(C)O/C=C/[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C(C)/C(=O)N=C2C(=O)C=3C(O)=C4C)C)OC)C4=C1C=3C(NC1=C(O)C=3)=C2OC1=CC=3N1CCN(CC(C)C)CC1 SGHWBDUXKUSFOP-KYALZUAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003292 rifamycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002599 rifapentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WDZCUPBHRAEYDL-GZAUEHORSA-N rifapentine Chemical compound O([C@](C1=O)(C)O/C=C/[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C(C)/C(=O)NC=2C(O)=C3C(O)=C4C)C)OC)C4=C1C3=C(O)C=2\C=N\N(CC1)CCN1C1CCCC1 WDZCUPBHRAEYDL-GZAUEHORSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940106887 risperdal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RKSUYBCOVNCALL-NTVURLEBSA-N sapropterin dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.N1=C(N)NC(=O)C2=C1NC[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C)N2 RKSUYBCOVNCALL-NTVURLEBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002924 silencing RNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004927 skin cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004055 small Interfering RNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003997 social interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YVOFSHPIJOYKSH-NLYBMVFSSA-M sodium rifomycin sv Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=C(C(O)=C2C)C3=C([O-])C=C1NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)\C=C\O[C@@]1(C)OC2=C3C1=O YVOFSHPIJOYKSH-NLYBMVFSSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001988 somatic stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000027765 speech disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020431 spinal cord injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004988 splenocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002536 stromal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007940 sugar coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108700026220 vif Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/18—Sulfonamides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/438—The ring being spiro-condensed with carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a neurite outgrowth promoter and its use. More specifically, the present invention comprises one or more compounds selected from levamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and rifabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof.
- the present invention relates to agents and their therapeutic uses for autism spectrum disorders.
- Pervasive developmental disorder is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder that is thought to be caused by the subtle abnormalities of the natural brain. Pervasive developmental disorders were subdivided according to symptoms, and were classified into five categories: autism, Asperger's syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, unspecified pervasive disorder, and Rett's disorder. However, although there are differences such as intellectual development between Asperger's syndrome and autism, it may be difficult to draw a line because of the common characteristics of "difficulty in communication" and "difficulty in social adaptation due to strong commitment”. Therefore, they are now regarded as different degrees of autism rather than another disorder, and the 2013 revision of the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic Criteria DSM-5 excludes let disorders. Four were integrated into one diagnostic name as "Autism Spectrum Disorder".
- ASD Autism spectrum disorders
- risperidone (trade name: Risperdal) and aripiprazole (trade name: Abilify) for irritability, which is a peripheral symptom
- drugs that improve core symptoms include rapamycin (trade name: Laparimus) for social interaction disorders, oxytocin nasal spray (trade name: syntocinone) for interpersonal interaction disorders, and peritoxyphyllin for communication disorders.
- rapamycin trade name: Laparimus
- oxytocin nasal spray (trade name: syntocinone) for interpersonal interaction disorders
- peritoxyphyllin for communication disorders.
- Trental tetrahydrobiopterin for social and speech disorders
- Biopten tetrahydrobiopterin for social and speech disorders
- levamipid a dozen or so trace drugs including levamipid (trade name: Mucosta) are added for the purpose of improving immune function.
- Rifabutin an autism ameliorating agent (Patent Document 1), focused on the inhibition of nerve transmission by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium infection as a cause of autism / ASD, and aimed at eradicating the causative bacteria.
- Autism / ASD treatment / preventive agent containing antibiotics such as (Patent Document 2), and breast cancer resistant proteins such as sotalol in addition to active ingredients for the treatment of neurological conditions including autism.
- BCRP BCRP
- Patent Document 3 A composition (Patent Document 3) that can increase the therapeutic effect by blending an inhibitor to inhibit the excretion of the active ingredient has been proposed.
- rebamipide, rifabutin and sotalol have a neurite outgrowth-promoting effect.
- ASD therapeutic agents or their candidate agents are all found among the drugs already approved as therapeutic agents for other diseases.
- DR drug repositioning
- iPS cells artificial pluripotent stem cells
- Dup15q-iPSC Studies using Dup15q-iPSC have been reported to show phenotypes such as variability in the expression of genes known to be associated with autism and epilepsy, and electrophysiological abnormalities.
- neurite length is shortened in nerve cells derived from Dup15q-iPSC, and it is related to the projection of nerve cells (GO term: Neuron projection development). It is not known that the expression of the gene group is increased.
- the present inventors have so far used disease-specific human iPS cell-derived nervous system cells to treat various neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
- ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- AD Alzheimer's disease
- An object of the present invention is to prepare nerve cells from iPS cells derived from an ASD patient, identify the cells characteristic of the ASD and the molecular phenotype, and use recovery from the phenotype as an index for ASD.
- ASD treatment as a realistic drug using existing drugs that are effective for the phenotype and have been confirmed to be safe for humans, while searching for new drug discovery targets that can exert therapeutic effects. To accelerate the development of agents.
- the present inventors prepared nerve cells (Dup15q nerve cells) from iPS cells established from patients with Dup15q syndrome, many of whom have ASD, and investigated the cells and molecular phenotype. rice field.
- Dup15q neurons showed a cell phenotype of shortening neurite length.
- RNA-seq analysis it was clarified that in Dup15q neurons, the expression of genes (with GO term: Neuron projection development) related to the projection of neurons was significantly changed. Consistent with the cellular phenotype of shortening of neurites.
- the present inventors screened compounds expected to have anti-ASD activity from the compound library of FDA-approved drugs using Dup15q neurons, using the promotion of neurite outgrowth as an index. As a result, it was revealed that rebamipide, sotalol and rifabutin remarkably promote the elongation of neurites of Dup15q neurons.
- levamipide and sotalol reduced the gene expression of nerve protrusion elongation inhibitory molecules such as RTN4, SEMA6A, and DCC, but refabutin had a reducing effect. Did not show.
- rifabutin was found to reduce the expression of the UBE3A gene located within the 15q11-13 region. As a result of further research based on these findings, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
- a neurite outgrowth promoter comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of rebamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and rifabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof.
- the agent according to [1] which comprises levamipide or a salt thereof and / or sotalol or a salt thereof.
- the agent according to [1] which comprises rifabutin or a salt thereof.
- Autism spectrum disorders are associated with or non-symptomatic autism selected from the group consisting of Dup15q syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Costello syndrome and Clefstra syndrome.
- the agent according to [4] which is a spectrum disorder.
- the agent according to [4], wherein the autism spectrum disorder is accompanied by Dup15q syndrome.
- a method for promoting nerve projection elongation in a subject which is selected from the group consisting of rebamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and refabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof.
- a method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound.
- [7a] One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of rebamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and refabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof for use in promoting neurite outgrowth.
- [7b] A compound selected from the group consisting of rebamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and refabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof for the production of a neurite outgrowth promoter. use.
- the method according to [7] wherein the subject has an autism spectrum disorder.
- a screening method for therapeutic agents for autism spectrum disorders (1) A step of contacting a test substance with a nerve cell that has been induced to differentiate from an induced pluripotent stem cell derived from a patient with autism spectrum disorder. (2) One or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC in the nerve cell, and / or a step of measuring the expression level of the UBE3A gene, and (3) one or more genes in step (2).
- a method comprising the step of selecting a test substance having a reduced expression level as a candidate for a therapeutic agent for autism spectrum disorder.
- a therapeutic agent for autism spectrum disorders which comprises one or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC, or an agent for suppressing the expression of the UBE3A gene.
- neurite outgrowth can be promoted by administering levamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, or rifabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof to a subject, and ASD. It can improve diseases associated with shortening of neurites such as. Since data on the safety of these drugs have been accumulated, it is expected that the development period for clinical application can be shortened. Further, according to the screening method of the present invention, by using the expression of RTN4, SEMA6A, DCC or UBE3A as an index, candidate substances for ASD therapeutic agents can be efficiently screened.
- iPSCs made from Dup15q patients showed ESC-like morphology and presented pluripotent stem cell markers SSEA4 (red) and NANOG (green). The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 ⁇ m. The characteristics of iPSC derived from a patient having Dup15q are shown.
- B Probe for D15S10 on 15q11-13 (UBE3A, red), control probe D15Z1 (blue) on the p-arm of chromosome 15, and PML (promyelocytic) on the distal long arm of chromosome 15.
- DNA FISH in iPS cells (Dup15q iPSC) derived from patients with Dup15q using leukemia) (green). Normal chromosome 15 is indicated by a white arrow. Chromosome 15 with duplication is indicated by a yellow arrow. The characteristics of iPSC derived from a patient having Dup15q are shown. (C) Mapping of 15q overlap using array CGH. The characteristics of iPSC derived from a patient having Dup15q are shown. (D) DNA methylation in PWS-ICR and the number of copies of chromosome 15 were assayed by methylation-specific qPCR and genomic qPCR from Dup15q iPSC.
- C Expression of nerve cell markers TUBB3, ELAVL4, MAPT, TBR1, SATB2 and BCL11B. Single cell RNA-seq analysis is shown.
- D Expression of glial cell markers S100B, GFA and GFRA2. Single cell RNA-seq analysis is shown.
- E Expression of neural stem cell markers NES, PAX6 and SOX2 (E). The changes in gene expression in Dup15q neurons are shown.
- A Heat map of genes of Dup15q neurons with increased expression compared to healthy control neurons (P ⁇ 0.05; Wilcoxon test). The changes in gene expression in Dup15q neurons are shown.
- Dup15q Screening of compounds using neurons is shown.
- A Experimental timeline for drug screening for neurite outgrowth inducers. Dup15q Screening of compounds using neurons is shown.
- B High-throughput screen triage strategy. Dup15q Screening of compounds using neurons is shown.
- C 1269 compounds consisting of FDA-approved drugs were screened using Dup15q neurons. Scatter plots show neurite length data treated with each 3 ⁇ M compound. The hit criterion was defined as greater than average + 3SD neurite length (indicated by the red line).
- D Effect of rebamipide, sotalol and rifabutin on neurite length.
- the preparation of iPSC derived from Dup15q patient is shown.
- A G-band analysis of Dup15q and healthy control iPSC. The red asterisk is idic (15). The preparation of iPSC derived from Dup15q patient is shown.
- B Schematic diagram of the overlapping region of chromosome 15 in Dup15q iPSC. BP: Limit point. The neurite length of Dup15q nerve cells is shown. The neurite length was quantified. The neurite lengths from 4 HC strains (HC-3 and HC-4 were derived from the same donor) and 3 Dup15q strains are shown.
- the expression of the differential expression gene is shown. It is a scatter diagram of the differential expression gene. The red and blue dots indicate genes whose expression was significantly increased or decreased in Dup15q neurons as compared to healthy control neurons (Wilcoxson test, P ⁇ 0.05). No change: Black. The x-axis indicates the expression log2 found change, and the y-axis indicates the P value log10. The Gene Ontology of Dup15q neurons is shown.
- A An enriched Gene Ontology term from a gene with increased expression. The data is shown as -log (p-value). The Gene Ontology of Dup15q neurons is shown.
- the data are shown as a fod change of gene expression normalized to a healthy control.
- the Gene Ontology of Dup15q neurons is shown.
- F Expression of the enriched gene in the GO term of "Adherens junction".
- the data are shown as a fod change of gene expression normalized to a healthy control.
- the support data of compound screening is shown.
- the present invention provides a neurite outgrowth promoter (hereinafter, also referred to as "promoter of the present invention”).
- the accelerator contains, as an active ingredient, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of levamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and rifabutin or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof.
- neutralrite outgrowth means the elongation of existing neural processes (axons and dendrites) and the growth or expansion of budding of new neuronal processes. Neurite elongation can alter nerve connectivity, resulting in the establishment of new synapses and the reconstruction of existing synapses.
- Rebamipide has a chemical name: (2RS) -2- (4-Chlorobenzoylamino) -3- (2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-4-yl) pharmaceutical acid and is classified as a gastric mucosa protective factor enhancer. It is an anti-ulcer drug.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl or phenyl lower alkyl
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a lower alkoxy
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom or group-COR 5
- R 5 is a lower alkyl which may have an amino group or a phenyl lower alkoxycarbonylamino group as a substituent, a cycloalkyl or a halogen atom as a substituent on a phenyl ring, a lower alkyl, (Phenyl group which may have 1 to 3 groups selected from lower alkoxy, nitro and amino).
- the dotted line in is a single bond or a double bond, and the substitution position of this substituent is any of the 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 positions of the carbostylyl skeleton. Also, the bond between the 3rd and 4th positions of the carbostylyl skeleton indicates a single bond or a double bond. ] Examples thereof include compounds represented by.
- Sotalol is a chemical name: ( ⁇ ) -4 [-(RS) -1-hydroxy-2 (-isotropylamino) ethyl] therapy, and is a sympathetic nerve that contributes to the generation of arrhythmia by ⁇ -receptor blocking (ClassII) action. It has an effect of suppressing an increase in system tension and is used as an arrhythmia therapeutic agent.
- X is a hydrogen atom, hydroxy, amino, lower alkoxy, benzyloxy, halogen atom, lower alkyl or R 2 SO 2 NH-;
- R 1 and R 2 are independently lower alkyl, phenyl, lower alkyl phenyl, halophenyl, lower alkoxyphenyl or benzyloxyphenyl;
- Alk is a C 1-4 alkylene group;
- R4 is a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl or benzyl;
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of one or two hydroxyls, carboxyls, aminos, lower alkoxys, benzyloxys, halogen atoms, lower alkyls, methylenedioxy and R2 SO 2 NH.
- sotalol derivatives include the compounds described in Examples of US Pat. No. 3,341,584.
- Rifabutin has the chemical names: (9S, 12E, 14S, 15R, 16S, 17R, 18R, 19R, 20S, 21S, 22E, 24Z) -6,18,20-Trihydroxy-14methoxy-7,9,15, 17,19,21,25-heptamethyl-1'-(2-methylpropyl) -5,10,26-trioxo-3,5,9,10-tetrahydrospiro [9,4- (epoxypentadeca [1,11,13]] trienimino) -2H-furo [2', 3': 7,8] naphtho [1,2-d] imidazole-2,4'-piperidine] -16-yl acetate, which acts on DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
- Indications include tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteriosis including Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease, and suppression of the onset of disseminated MAC disease in HIV-infected patients.
- MAC Mycobacterium avium complex
- rifabutin examples include rifaximin-based antibiotics such as rifaximin, rifampicin, rifampicin, rifapentine, rifalazil, and bicozamachine.
- Rebamipide or its derivatives, sotalol or its derivatives, and rifabutin or its derivatives shall include not only free forms but also pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof.
- the pharmacologically acceptable salt varies depending on the type of compound, but for example, alkali metal salt (sodium salt, potassium salt, etc.), alkaline earth metal salt (calcium salt, magnesium salt, etc.), aluminum salt, ammonium salt, etc.
- Inorganic base salts such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picolin, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, N, N'-dibenzylethylenediamine and other organic base salts, or hydrochlorides, odors.
- Inorganic acid salts such as hydrobromide, sulfate, hydroiodide, nitrate, phosphate, citrate, oxalate, acetate, formate, propionate, benzoate, trifluoroacetic acid
- acid addition salts such as salts, maleates, tartrates, methanesulfonates, benzenesulfonates, and organic acid salts such as paratoluenesulfonates.
- Rebamipide or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof hereinafter collectively referred to as “levamipide”
- sotalol or a derivative thereof or a salt thereof hereinafter collectively referred to as “sotalols”
- refabutin or a derivative thereof or If the salt hereinafter collectively referred to as “rebamipides”
- isomers such as optical isomers, steric isomers, positional isomers, and rotational isomers, any one of the isomers may also be used. Mixtures are also included in these agents in the present invention.
- the rebamipides, sotalols and rifabutins may be solvates (eg, hydrates, etc.) or non-solvate (eg, non-hydrates, etc.). It also includes compounds labeled with isotopes (eg, 3 H, 14 C, 35 S, 125 I, etc.) and the like.
- the accelerator of the present invention may contain one compound selected from rebamipides, sotalols and rifabutins, or may contain two or more of them.
- the accelerator of the present invention contains rebamipide or a salt thereof and / or sotalol or a salt thereof.
- Rebamipide can inhibit the expression of neurite outgrowth inhibitory molecules including RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC
- sotalol can inhibit the expression of neurite outgrowth inhibitory molecules including RNT4, SEMA6A.
- the accelerator of the present invention contains rifabutin or a salt thereof.
- Rifabutin is located within the 15q11-13 region and can inhibit the expression of the UBE3A gene, which is upregulated in Dup15q.
- rebamipides, sotalols and rifabutins can be produced by using commercially available products or by methods known per se for each compound.
- rebamipides can be produced, for example, according to the method described in JP-A-59-7168.
- Sotalols can be produced, for example, according to the method described in US Pat. No. 3,341,584.
- Rifabutins can be semi-synthesized from, for example, rifamycin produced by Streptomyces mediaranei by a method known per se.
- the active ingredients of the accelerator of the present invention are nerve cells, preferably subjects having ASD (eg, mammals such as humans, dogs, cats, monkeys, mice, rats, etc., preferably. Can promote neurite outgrowth in nerve cells in humans), so by administration to a subject in which neurite outgrowth is inhibited, preferably a subject with ASD, neurite outgrowth in the subject Diseases involving inhibition can be treated.
- ASD eg, mammals such as humans, dogs, cats, monkeys, mice, rats, etc.
- ASD eg, mammals such as humans, dogs, cats, monkeys, mice, rats, etc.
- ASD eg., mammals such as humans, dogs, cats, monkeys, mice, rats, etc.
- ASD eg.
- ASD eg, mammals such as humans, dogs, cats, monkeys, mice, rats, etc.
- neurite outgrowth in the subject Diseases involving inhibition can be treated.
- treatment includes improvement of symptoms, delay of onset, prevention / delay of recurr
- ASD hereditary syndromes frequently associated with ASD
- ASD hereditary syndromes frequently associated with ASD
- ASD hereditary syndromes frequently associated with ASD
- Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Catless Syndrome, Angelman Syndrome, Down Syndrome, Charge Syndrome, Prader Willy Syndrome, Kleinfelder Syndrome, Phelan McDermid Syndrome, etc. (Parkinson syndrome, etc.)
- spinal cord injury epilepsy, cerebral ischemic disorder, cerebrovascular dementia, etc.
- mental system diseases eg, psychiatric division disease, depression, etc.
- It is preferably ASD, more preferably ASD with hereditary syndrome preferably Dup15q syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome, more preferably Dup15q syndrome).
- the accelerator of the present invention is an appropriate dosage form obtained by mixing the active ingredients rebamipides, sotalols, rifabutins as they are, or by mixing them with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent, etc. It can be administered orally or parenterally as a pharmaceutical composition.
- compositions for oral administration include solid or liquid dosage forms, specifically tablets (including sugar-coated tablets and film-coated tablets), pills, granules, powders, capsules (including soft capsules), syrups. Agents, emulsions, suspending agents and the like can be mentioned.
- the composition for parenteral administration for example, injections, suppositories and the like are used, and the injections are intravenous injections, subcutaneous injections, intradermal injections, intramuscular injections, drip injections and the like.
- the dosage form may be included.
- excipients eg, sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, grape sugar, mannitol, sorbitol; starch derivatives such as corn starch, potato starch, alpha starch, dextrin; cellulose derivatives such as crystalline cellulose; Rubber arabic; dextran; organic excipients such as purulan; and silicate derivatives such as light anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium aluminometasilicate; phosphates such as calcium hydrogen phosphate; carbonic acid Carbonates such as calcium; inorganic excipients such as sulfates such as calcium sulfate), lubricants (eg, metal stearate such as stearic acid, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate; talc; Colloidal silica; bead wax, waxes such as gay wax; boric acid; adipic acid; stearic acid such as sodium sulfate;
- disintegrants eg, cellulose derivatives such as low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, internally cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- emulsifiers eg, colloidal clays such as bentonite, bee gum; metal hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide; sodium lauryl sulfate, calcium stearate.
- Anionic surfactants such as; cationic surfactants such as benzalconium chloride; and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters.
- Stabilizers paraoxybenzoic acid esters such as methylparaben, propylparaben; alcohols such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol; benzalconium chloride; phenol, cresol With additives such as phenols; thimerosal; dehydroacetic acid; and sorbic acid
- flavoring agents eg, commonly used sweeteners, acidulants, flavors, etc.
- diluents and the like Manufactured by a well-known method.
- the doses of rebamipides, sotalols, and rifabutins which are the active ingredients of the accelerator of the present invention, may vary depending on various conditions such as the type of compound, the symptom of the subject to be administered, age, body weight, drug acceptability, and the like.
- the lower limit is 0.1 mg (preferably 0.5 mg) and the upper limit is 1000 mg (preferably 500 mg), and in the case of parenteral administration, the lower limit is 0.01 mg (preferably 500 mg).
- a suitable amount of 0.05 mg) and an upper limit of 100 mg (preferably 50 mg) can be administered to an adult 1 to 6 times a day.
- the dose may be increased or decreased depending on the symptoms.
- the active ingredient has already been put on the market as a drug for diseases other than the above-mentioned diseases, the dose of each compound can be appropriately selected as long as the safety has been confirmed.
- the accelerator of the present invention may be used in combination with other agents such as risperidone, aripiprazole, rapamycin, oxytocin, pentoxifylline, tetrahydrobiopterin and the like.
- the accelerator of the present invention and other agents thereof can be administered simultaneously, sequentially or separately.
- the present invention also provides a screening method for a therapeutic agent for ASD (hereinafter, also referred to as “screening method of the present invention”).
- the screening method of the present invention (1) A step of contacting a test substance with nerve cells induced to differentiate from iPS cells derived from an ASD patient. (2) One or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC in the nerve cell, and / or a step of measuring the expression level of the UBE3A gene, and (3) one or more genes in step (2). A step of selecting a test substance having a reduced expression level of ASD as a candidate for a therapeutic agent for ASD is included.
- the ASD patient from which the iPS cells used in step (1) are derived is not particularly limited, but is preferably hereditary syndrome (eg, Dup15q syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Let syndrome, nodular sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome). , Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, Catless Syndrome, Angelman Syndrome, Down Syndrome, Charge Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Kleinfelder Syndrome, Phelan McDermid Syndrome, etc., preferably Dup15q Syndrome, Vulnerable X Syndrome, Let Syndrome, Nodular ASD patients with sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome, more preferably Dup15q syndrome).
- hereditary syndrome eg, Dup15q syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Let syndrome, nodular sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome.
- tissue stem cells such as nerve stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and dental pulp stem cells
- tissue precursor cells (2) tissue precursor cells
- Lymphocytes eg, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- epithelial cells e.g, epithelial cells
- endothelial cells e.g., endothelial cells
- muscle cells e.g., hematopoietic stem cells
- fibroblasts skin cells, etc.
- hair cells hepatocytes, gastric mucosal cells, intestinal cells, splenocytes, pancreatic cells (pancreatic cells) Exocrine cells, etc.
- brain cells lung cells, renal cells, fat cells, and other differentiated cells are exemplified.
- iPS cells can be made by introducing specific reprogramming factors into somatic cells in the form of DNA or protein, with properties similar to ES cells, such as pluripotency and self-renewal proliferation.
- the reprogramming factor is a gene specifically expressed in ES cells, its gene product or non-coding RNA, or a gene that plays an important role in maintaining undifferentiated ES cells, its gene product or non-coding RNA, Alternatively, it may be composed of a low molecular weight compound.
- Genes contained in the reprogramming factor include, for example, Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Sox1, Sox3, Sox15, Sox17, Klf4, Klf2, c-Myc, N-Myc, L-Myc, Nanog, Lin28, Fbx15, Eras, ECAT15.
- initialization factors include WO2007 / 069666, WO2008 / 118820, WO2009 / 007852, WO2009 / 032194, WO2009 / 058413, WO2009 / 057831, WO2009 / 075119, WO2009 / 079007, WO2009 / 091659, WO2009 / 101084, WO2009 /.
- the method for inducing differentiation of nerve cells from iPS cells is not particularly limited, but is a differentiation induction method by high-density culture on a fibroblast feeder layer (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-201792) and a differentiation induction method by co-culture with stromal cells. (SDIA method) (for example, WO2001 / 088100, WO / 2003/042384), differentiation induction method by suspension culture (SFEB method) (WO2005 / 123902), adhered to a culture dish coated after formation of neurosphere, and adhered to the culture dish.
- SDIA method for example, WO2001 / 088100, WO / 2003/042384
- SFEB method suspension culture
- a modified SFEBq method (WO2013 / 108926) in which the additives are appropriately changed and cultured in an arbitrary medium, and a method based on a combination thereof can be used. More specifically, for example, the method described in Examples described later can be used.
- test substance used in the screening method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, inorganic compounds, and organic compounds prepared naturally or synthetically.
- specific examples of the test substance include a peptide library of 3 to 50 amino acid residues, preferably 5 to 20 residues, and a molecular weight of 100 to 2000 prepared using a combinatorial chemistry technique known to those skilled in the art.
- Preferred are 200-800 small molecule organic compound libraries.
- a library of existing pharmaceutical compounds eg, Presswick Chemical Library, which is a compound library of FDA-approved drugs
- the concentration of the test substance to be brought into contact with the nerve cells is not particularly limited, and may be usually about 0.01 ⁇ M to about 100 ⁇ M, preferably 0.1 ⁇ M to 50 ⁇ M.
- the time for contacting the cells with the test substance is not particularly limited and is set in a timely manner, but is, for example, about 5 minutes to 5 days, preferably about 10 minutes to 3 days.
- the test substance can be appropriately dissolved or suspended in a solvent such as water, a buffer such as a phosphate buffer or a Tris buffer, ethanol, acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or a mixture thereof.
- the gene expression level in step (2) is determined by, for example, designing and synthesizing an appropriate primer set, probe, etc. from the nucleotide sequence information of each gene, and using RNA extracted from nerve cells (eg, total RNA) as a template. It can be measured by using a known RNA quantification method, preferably a quantitative RT-PCR method or the like.
- the expression level of one or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC in the cells supplemented with the test substance and / or the UBE3A gene was compared with the expression level in the control cells not supplemented with the test substance. If it is statistically significantly reduced, the test substance can be selected as a candidate for an ASD therapeutic agent.
- the hit compound is preferably used as an hereditary syndrome (preferably Dup15q syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome, etc.). More preferably, it can be selected as a therapeutic drug candidate for ASD with Dup15q syndrome).
- the hit compound can be preferably selected as a therapeutic drug candidate for ASD with Dup15q syndrome.
- the present invention also provides an ASD therapeutic agent comprising one or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC, or a UBE3A gene expression inhibitor.
- the RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC genes are known to be neurite outgrowth inhibitory molecules, and their expression is increased in neurons derived from iPS cells derived from patients with Dup15q syndrome, as described in Examples below. It is in good agreement with the phenotype of reduced neurite length in the nerve cells. Therefore, agents that suppress the expression of these genes can exert a therapeutic effect on ASD by promoting neurite outgrowth.
- the type of ASD to be treated by the therapeutic agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably hereditary syndrome (preferably Dup15q syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome, and more preferably. Can be ASD with Dup15q syndrome).
- the UBE3A gene is located in the 15q11-13 region and its expression is increased in Dup15q syndrome. Therefore, a drug that suppresses the expression of the gene can restore the etiology associated with Dup15q, promote neurite outgrowth, and exert a therapeutic effect on ASD.
- the type of ASD to be treated by the therapeutic agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably hereditary syndrome (preferably Dup15q syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Costello syndrome, Clefstra syndrome, and more preferably. Can be ASD with Dup15q syndrome).
- Examples of the expression inhibitor of one or more genes selected from the group consisting of RNT4, SEMA6A and DCC include the above-mentioned rebamipides or sotalols.
- examples of the UBE3A gene expression inhibitor include the above-mentioned rifabutins.
- examples of the expression-suppressing agent for these genes include antisense nucleic acids for each gene, and inhibitory nucleic acids such as siRNA, shRNA, miRNA, and ribozyme.
- inhibitory nucleic acids can be appropriately designed based on the nucleotide sequence information of the gene encoding each gene, for example, using design software known per se, and easily synthesized using a DNA / RNA automatic synthesizer. can.
- some of these inhibitory nucleic acids are commercially available, and they can also be used.
- a neutralizing antibody against a translation product of each gene can be mentioned.
- These antibodies can be appropriately produced by using a method known per se, or commercially available antibodies can also be used.
- test substance selected by the above-mentioned screening method of the present invention can be mentioned as an expression inhibitor for these genes.
- the RNT4, SEMA6A, DCC or UBE3A gene expression inhibitor can be used alone or mixed with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent and the like in the same manner as the above-mentioned accelerator of the present invention.
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier excipient, diluent and the like in the same manner as the above-mentioned accelerator of the present invention.
- Dup15q-1 GM20562A
- Dup15q-2 GM22571
- int dup 15) lymphoblastoma cell line (LCL)
- Dup15q iPSCs were made from LCL using episome vectors for Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4, L-Myc, Lin28, and dominant negative p53 as previously reported.
- healthy control iPSCs (HC-1, HC-2, HC-3 and HC-4) are prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals, and using StemFit (AK02N or AK03N, Ajinomoto, Tokyo, Japan). The cells were cultured under feeder-free conditions on iMatrix-511 (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan) coated plates. HC-3 and HC-4 were derived from the same donor. Dup15q-3 (NMI005_1-13) iPSCs were made from patients with Dup15q using episome vectors for Oct3 / 4, Sox4, Klf4, L-Myc, Lin28, EBNA1, and dominant negative p53. The background information of iPS cell clones is shown in Table 1.
- PWS-ICR Prader-Willi Syndrome Imprinting Control Region Methylation Analysis and Genomic Copy Count Analysis of Chromosome 15 iPSC Genomic DNA PureLink genomic DNA kit (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Somerset, NJUS) Purified using according to the vendor's protocol. Genomic DNA was subjected to bisulfite conversion using Methyl Easy Xceed Rapid DNA Bisulfite Modification Kit (Takara, Otsu, Shiga, Japan). The converted DNA was then used as a template for PCR reactions using primers for maternal PWS-ICR and paternal PWS-ICR. Maternal PWS-ICR was standardized for paternal PWS-ICR.
- Purified genomic DNA is Taqman quantitative real-time PCR using primers (Thermo FISHer Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) for SNORD116-2 on chromosome 15 and the RNase P RNA component H1 gene (RPPH1) on chromosome 14. Used as a template for. The number of copies of chromosome 15 was normalized to the RNase P internal control. The primer list is shown in Table 2.
- iPSCs were dissociated into single cells using Accumax (Innovative Cell Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) and V-bottomed 96-well plates for suspension culture (Sumitomo Bakelite). Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan) was rapidly reaggregated.
- DFK 5% containing 2 ⁇ M Dolsomorphin (Chemdea LLC, Ridgewood, NJ, USA) and 10 ⁇ M SB431542 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) in the embryonic body (EB) during the nerve induction phase (day 0-8).
- KSR KnockOut Serum Replacement
- NEAA MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution
- DMEM / Ham's F12 Gib's F12
- 2-mercaptoethanol Sigma-Aldrich
- EB was transferred onto a Matrigel (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) coated 6-well culture plate and in the patterning phase (8-24 days) 1x N2 supplement (Invitrogen), 2 ⁇ M dolsomorphin, And DFK 10% supplemented with 10 ⁇ M SB431542 (DMEM / Ham's F12 supplemented with 10% KSR, NEAA, L-glutamine, 0.1% 2-mercaptoethanol).
- Neuroprogenitor cells were isolated from the bottom of the plate using Accumax, and during neuromaturation (25-28 days), 1x B27 without Vitamin A (Invitrogen), 1x Glutamax (Invitrogen), 10 ng / ml BDNF, 10 ng / Cultures were performed on Matrigel-coated 96-well or 384-well culture plates in Neurobasal Medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with ml GDNF and 10 ng / ml NT-3.
- Immunostained cells were fixed in PBS in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with PBS, and in PBS containing 0.1% Triton X-100 and 20% Block Ace (Yukijirushi, Tokyo, Japan). Permeation treatment / blocking at room temperature for 60 minutes. After incubation with the primary antibody in PBS containing 0.1% Triton X100 overnight at 4 ° C., cells were washed 3 times with PBS and incubated with the appropriate secondary antibody for 1 hour at room temperature. BIOREVO BZ-9000 (Keyence, Osaka, Japan), Opera phenix (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) or IN Cell Analyzer 6000 (GE Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois) acquired cells, Illinois. The antibodies are listed in Table 3.
- Quantification of neurites iPSCs were differentiated into cortical neurons as described above.
- cells were dissociated into single cells using Accumax and then seeded in a Matrigel coated plate.
- the culture medium used was Neurobasal Medium supplemented with 1x B27 without Vitamin A, 1x Glutamax, 10 ng / ml BDNF, 10 ng / ml GDNF and 10 ng / ml NT-3.
- cells were fixed with 4% PFA and stained with anti- ⁇ III tubulin and DAPI. Stained cells were imaged using Opera Phenix or IN CELL 6000 and neurite length was measured by Harmony High Content Imaging and Analysis Software (PerkinElmer) or IN Cell Developer Tole.
- RNA-seq Three healthy control iPSCs and three Dup15q iPSCs were used. Cortical neurons were differentiated from these iPSCs based on the method described above. On day 28, cells were harvested and single-cell RNA-seq was performed. Single cell transcriptome analysis was performed using the 10X genomics chromium plateform. Cell suspensions were loaded onto a 10X Chromium System (10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions for single cell isolation. Single cell transcriptome analysis was performed using the 10X genomics chromium plateform. RNA sequencing libraries were prepared according to the 10X genomics Single Cell 3'v2 protocol.
- the quantification and quality control of the obtained cDNA were performed using the Bioanalyzer High Sensitivity DNA Assay (Aglient).
- a single-cell cDNA library was sequenced using GENEWIZ JAPAN (Saitama, Japan) on the Illumina HiSeq2500 platform. The analysis was performed by Amelieff Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Leads were processed and aligned to human reference GRCh38 using 10X Genomics Cell Ranger software (v 3.0.1) and visualized by Loope Cell browser (v 3.0.1). Single cell data of neuronal clusters were analyzed using scatter (v1.10.1) and Seurat (v 2.3.0) for gene expression variation analysis.
- Cytotoxicity test Cortical neurons were treated with compound (concentration, 3 ⁇ M or 10 ⁇ M) on day 26 and fixed with 4% PFA on day 28. Cells stained with ⁇ III tubulin antibody and DAPI were imaged using Cell Analyzer 6000, and the number of neurons was quantified by IN Cell Developer toolbox software 1.9 (GE Healthcare) to assess cytotoxicity. ..
- Array comparative genomic hybridization was performed using iPSC genomic DNA, and Dup15q-1 had four duplications of 15q11.2q13.2 (2010254-30562489) and three of 15q11.2q13.2. Overlapping, three duplications of 15q11.2q13.2 (23208842-28535051) for Dup15q-2 and three duplications of 15q11.2q13.2. (22765628-28535051) for Dup15q-3 were confirmed (FIGS. 1C and 6B).
- the methylation status of ICR was analyzed.
- the Dup15q iPSC had about 2 or 3 copies of maternal 15q 11.2-13 and 3 or 4 copies of 15q 11.2-13 (FIG. 1D).
- 1E and Table 5 show the genetic information of chromosome 15 structure and Dup15q iPSC, respectively. These results indicate that the increased copy number on chromosome 15 and DNA methylation in PWS-ICR are consistent with the CNV predicted for iPSC from Dup15q patients.
- Dup15q neurons showed a significant reduction in neurite length Cortical dysfunction is thought to cause central symptoms in ASD. It has also been reported that nerve cells of autistic patients exhibit changes in nerve differentiation ability and nerve cell morphology (for example, neurite length).
- FIG. 2A cortical neurons from iPSC strains using a modified SFEBq (serum-free culture of embryoid body-like aggregates with rapid aggregation) differentiation method (FIG. 2A) and ⁇ III tubulin immunostaining.
- the neuronal differentiation potential and morphology of Dup15q neurons were analyzed using the image of (Fig. 2B). When the differentiation efficiency of the healthy control and the Dup15q neuron was compared, no significant difference was observed (Fig. 2C). It was confirmed that the Dup15q neurons had a significantly shorter neurite length as compared with the healthy control neurons (FIGS. 2D and 7).
- scRNA-seq Single-cell RNA sequencing
- t-SNE t-distributed established neighborhood embedding
- cluster 4 is a neuron cluster having neural cell-specific gene expression
- cluster 8 is a glial cell cluster containing glial cell-specific gene expression
- the other clusters are neural stem cell-specific gene expression. It was found to be a neural stem cell cluster with (FIGS. 3C to E).
- cluster 4 contained TUBB3, ELAVL4, MAPT and TBR1
- cluster 8 contained S100B and GFRA2
- other clusters contained PAX6 and SOX2, respectively.
- Results include UBE3A, HERC2 (HECT and RLD domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) and NIPA2 (NIPA magnesium transporter 2) located within chromosome 15q11-13 in Dup15q neurons compared to healthy control neurons. 114 genes with increased expression and 13 genes with decreased expression were found (FIGS. 4A, B and 8). In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that genes with increased expression were enriched in the GO term and other developmental related terms of the Neuron projection development (FIGS. 4C, 9A, and 6). ). The expression level of the gene contained in the GO of Neuron projection development is shown in FIG. 4D.
- RTN4 Reticulon 4
- SEMA6A Semaphorin 6A
- DCC Deleted in colorectal canceler
- Revamipids, sotalols and rifabutins promote neurite outgrowth in nerve cells, especially those in ASD patients, and are therefore useful in the treatment of ASD, especially in the treatment of Dup15q syndrome.
- rebamipide, sotalol, and rifabutin which have already been marketed as drugs for other diseases, have accumulated clinical and non-clinical data such as safety, and develop drugs that can treat ASD at low cost and quickly. There is a possibility that it can be done.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un promoteur de croissance des neurites contenant au moins un composé choisi dans le groupe constitué par : le rébamipide ou un dérivé ou un sel de ce dernier ; le sotalol ou un dérivé ou un sel de ce dernier ; et la rifabutine ou un dérivé ou un sel de cette dernière.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US202063082189P | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | |
US63/082,189 | 2020-09-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022065518A1 true WO2022065518A1 (fr) | 2022-03-31 |
Family
ID=80845502
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2021/036361 WO2022065518A1 (fr) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-09-22 | Promoteur de croissance des neurites |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2022065518A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011256115A (ja) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-22 | Michishi Tani | 自閉症の治療薬 |
JP2018526394A (ja) * | 2015-09-08 | 2018-09-13 | ザ・チルドレンズ・ホスピタル・オブ・フィラデルフィアThe Children’S Hospital Of Philadelphia | 注意欠陥障害及び22q症候群の治療のための非選択的代謝型グルタメート受容体アクチベーター |
WO2019033142A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-15 | 2019-02-21 | Borody Thomas J | Compositions, dispositifs et méthodes de traitement de l'autisme |
-
2021
- 2021-09-22 WO PCT/JP2021/036361 patent/WO2022065518A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011256115A (ja) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-22 | Michishi Tani | 自閉症の治療薬 |
JP2018526394A (ja) * | 2015-09-08 | 2018-09-13 | ザ・チルドレンズ・ホスピタル・オブ・フィラデルフィアThe Children’S Hospital Of Philadelphia | 注意欠陥障害及び22q症候群の治療のための非選択的代謝型グルタメート受容体アクチベーター |
WO2019033142A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-15 | 2019-02-21 | Borody Thomas J | Compositions, dispositifs et méthodes de traitement de l'autisme |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
KURENUMY, YUKO: "A case of corneal ulcer induced by vitamin A deficiency in a child with autism", OPHTHALMOLOGY, vol. 59, no. 4, 1 January 2017 (2017-01-01), Japan, pages 457 - 462, XP009535201, ISSN: 0016-4488, DOI: 10.18888/J00293.2017221753 * |
LI YAN; QIU SHUANG; ZHONG WEIJING; LI YONG; LIU YUNKAI; CHENG YI; LIU YAWEN: "Association Between DCC Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Autism Spectrum Disorder", JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, vol. 50, no. 10, 6 March 2020 (2020-03-06), US , pages 3800 - 3809, XP037250042, ISSN: 0162-3257, DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04417-3 * |
VATSA NAMAN, JANA NIHAR RANJAN: "UBE3A and Its Link With Autism", FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE, vol. 11, 4 December 2018 (2018-12-04), pages 1 - 8, XP055913455, DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00448 * |
YASUE HORIUCHI, MAKOTO ARAI, MASANARI ITOKAWA: "Disease modeling of psychiatric disorders using induced pluripotent stem cells", JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE, vol. 73, no. 1080, Suppl. 5, 1 January 2015 (2015-01-01), JP , pages 406 - 410, XP009535452, ISSN: 0047-1852 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Fernández‐Santiago et al. | Aberrant epigenome in iPSC‐derived dopaminergic neurons from Parkinson's disease patients | |
Lee et al. | Large-scale screening using familial dysautonomia induced pluripotent stem cells identifies compounds that rescue IKBKAP expression | |
Xu et al. | JNK regulates FoxO-dependent autophagy in neurons | |
AU2022242157A1 (en) | Inhibitors of human ezh2, and methods of use thereof | |
Almeida et al. | Modeling key pathological features of frontotemporal dementia with C9ORF72 repeat expansion in iPSC-derived human neurons | |
Braydich-Stolle et al. | Role of Src family kinases and N-Myc in spermatogonial stem cell proliferation | |
Wang et al. | Nogo-66 promotes the differentiation of neural progenitors into astroglial lineage cells through mTOR-STAT3 pathway | |
Haggarty et al. | Advancing drug discovery for neuropsychiatric disorders using patient-specific stem cell models | |
US20170107218A1 (en) | Small Molecule Transcription Modulators of Bromodomains | |
JP6153232B2 (ja) | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症の予防および治療薬とそのスクリーニング方法 | |
US20170363618A1 (en) | Age-modified cells and methods for making age-modified cells | |
JP2011121949A (ja) | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症の予防および治療用医薬組成物 | |
US20180153830A1 (en) | Selective inhibitors of undifferentiated cells | |
Fukusumi et al. | Dickkopf 3 promotes the differentiation of a rostrolateral midbrain dopaminergic neuronal subset in vivo and from pluripotent stem cells in vitro in the mouse | |
WO2018076060A1 (fr) | Génération améliorée de cellules de lignée musculaire et leurs utilisations thérapeutiques | |
Schmidt et al. | Primary cilia and SHH signaling impairments in human and mouse models of Parkinson’s disease | |
Fathi et al. | Chemically induced senescence in human stem cell‐derived neurons promotes phenotypic presentation of neurodegeneration | |
Ding et al. | CHD8 safeguards early neuroectoderm differentiation in human ESCs and protects from apoptosis during neurogenesis | |
Huang et al. | Hyperactive CREB signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome revealed by patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell modeling | |
WO2022065518A1 (fr) | Promoteur de croissance des neurites | |
JP2023154067A (ja) | 筋萎縮性側索硬化症の予防及び/又は治療剤 | |
Yoshihara et al. | Restricted presence of POU6F2 in human corneal endothelial cells uncovered by extension of the promoter-level expression atlas | |
Kurtzeborn et al. | Comparative whole-genome transcriptome analysis in renal cell populations reveals high tissue specificity of MAPK/ERK targets in embryonic kidney | |
Bansal et al. | S‐phase entry of oligodendrocyte lineage cells is associated with increased levels of p21Cip1 | |
US20230184743A1 (en) | Screening methods to identify small molecule compounds that promote or inhibit the growth of circulating tumor cells, and uses thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21872643 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 21872643 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |