WO2022065223A1 - Welded cage for roller bearing, roller with cage, method for discriminating welded junction portion, and method for examining quality of welded cage for roller bearing - Google Patents

Welded cage for roller bearing, roller with cage, method for discriminating welded junction portion, and method for examining quality of welded cage for roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022065223A1
WO2022065223A1 PCT/JP2021/034272 JP2021034272W WO2022065223A1 WO 2022065223 A1 WO2022065223 A1 WO 2022065223A1 JP 2021034272 W JP2021034272 W JP 2021034272W WO 2022065223 A1 WO2022065223 A1 WO 2022065223A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cage
welded portion
welded
weld
roller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/034272
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
将 土屋
和之 山本
Original Assignee
Ntn株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2020159359A external-priority patent/JP2022052861A/en
Priority claimed from JP2021144437A external-priority patent/JP2023037698A/en
Application filed by Ntn株式会社 filed Critical Ntn株式会社
Priority to CN202180063694.1A priority Critical patent/CN116171206A/en
Publication of WO2022065223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022065223A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/02—Pressure butt welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/54—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/04—Bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/20—Metals
    • G01N33/204—Structure thereof, e.g. crystal structure
    • G01N33/2045—Defects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a welding cage produced in a ring shape by preparing a strip-shaped base material having pockets formed in advance, rolling the base material, and joining both ends of the base material by welding.
  • Welding cages are known as cages that are incorporated into roller bearings and maintain the distance between rollers.
  • a metal material such as a strip-shaped steel plate is prepared with a length of one circumference of the cage, which is rolled and both ends are joined by welding (hereinafter, also referred to as a welded portion or a welded portion).
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-160263
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-270967
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-108587
  • Patent Document 1 a notch is provided in a pair of annular portions so that the load is not concentrated on the welded portion, and it is difficult to divide the welded portion.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the cage is formed as a flat surface at a circumferential position including a welded portion.
  • Patent Document 3 the welded portion of one annular portion and the other annular portion are set at different circumferential positions, and the welded portion is also provided on the pillar portion.
  • the conventional weld cage described above causes the problems described below. That is, the prior art does not specify the amount of molten metal at the weld. Since the amount of molten metal affects the strength of the welded part, the strength of the welded part cannot be controlled by the prior art.
  • the index that affects the strength of the welded portion for example, the surface hardness and the molten state, is not defined, the strength of the welded portion cannot be controlled.
  • roller bearings are provided in revolving members such as the planetary gears of the planetary gear mechanism inside the automatic transmission and the connecting rod inside the internal combustion engine. Centrifugal force acts on the bearing. Therefore, the cage incorporated in the roller bearing is required to have a predetermined fatigue strength so that fatigue fracture does not occur at the welded portion.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase the fatigue strength of the welded portion in view of the above circumstances. Further, an object of the present invention is management of fatigue strength at a welded portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a weld cage capable of quality control of welded parts.
  • the weld cage for roller bearings includes a base material extending in the circumferential direction and a welded portion in which one end and the other end of the base material are joined to each other by welding, and the base material is connected in the circumferential direction.
  • a weld cage that holds rollers in multiple spaced pockets, the weld location of the weld cage including a melt junction on one side in the radial direction and a diffusion junction on the other side in the radial direction.
  • the radial dimension of the joint is 70% or more and 95% or less of the radial dimension of the welded portion.
  • the value obtained by dividing the radial dimension of the melt joint by the radial dimension of the weld is called the melt length ratio.
  • the melt length ratio is 70% or more, the ratio of the melt-joined portion in the welded portion is increased, the tensile strength of the welded portion is increased, and the fatigue limit of the weld cage is increased. Can be secured.
  • the melt length ratio is 95% or less, the amount of molten metal in the welded part is prevented from becoming excessively large, and the welded part is prevented from rising by 0.3 mm or more from the inner diameter surface or the outer diameter surface of the ring portion. can. Therefore, stress concentration can be suppressed or prevented.
  • the radial dimension of the welded portion is the radial dimension after welding and before polishing, or may be the radial dimension after welding and after polishing. Polishing is optional.
  • the melt joint portion is located along the outer diameter surface of the welded portion, and the diffusion joint portion is located along the inner diameter surface of the welded portion.
  • the melt joint is located along the inner diameter surface of the weld and the diffusion joint is located along the outer diameter surface of the weld.
  • the height (swelling amount) of the swelling of the welded portion is low. This is because when the swelling of the welded portion becomes remarkable, stress concentration occurs in the vicinity of the bulging portion when the cage revolves and receives centrifugal force.
  • the amount of swelling of the inner diameter surface of the welded portion is 0.3 mm or less with respect to the inner diameter surface of the base metal.
  • the stress concentration at the welded portion is relaxed, and the durability is improved even if the present invention is subjected to the action of being distorted into an elliptical shape by the centrifugal force due to the revolution.
  • the radial dimension of the melt-joint portion of the present invention may be measured so as to include the amount of bulge of the melt-joint portion, or the bulge of the melt-joint portion is removed by grinding. It may be measured later.
  • the outer diameter surface of the welded portion is polished, and the outer diameter surface of the welded portion has the same curvature as the outer diameter surface of the base metal.
  • the cage can be guided by the outer diameter.
  • the melt joint portion is arranged on the outer diameter side of the weld cage, and the melt joint portion is polished. According to this aspect, when the outer peripheral surface of the welded portion has a bulge, the bulge of the molten joint portion where the amount of metal melted and the bulge is large can be removed by the outer diameter polishing process of the weld cage. It is possible to secure the outer diameter guide surface and suppress stress concentration at a lower cost than the inner diameter polishing process.
  • the inner diameter surface of the welded portion has a bulge.
  • the weld cage is preferably subjected to heat treatment such as carburizing, quenching and tempering.
  • heat treatment such as carburizing, quenching and tempering.
  • the welded portion is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering treatment to have a surface hardness of 600 Hv or more and a tensile strength of 1100 MPa or more.
  • the roller with a cage of the present invention includes the above-mentioned weld cage for roller bearings and the rollers held in the pockets of the weld cage for roller bearings.
  • a cross section is created at the welded portion of the weld cage for roller bearings by polishing the weld cage for roller bearings, and the cross section is corroded with an alcohol nitrate solution.
  • a digital image is taken, and the digital image is processed by digital image processing to determine the boundary between the molten joint portion and the other portion.
  • This cross section may be a plane parallel to the axis of the cage, but is preferably a flat cross section that intersects the axis and intersects the outer and inner diameter surfaces of the weld.
  • Digital image processing includes, but is not limited to, image processing in the order of, for example, grayscale conversion, histogram flattening processing, low-pass filter processing, and binarization.
  • the above-mentioned weld cage for roller bearings is heat-treated, and after the heat treatment, a tensile test for breaking the welded portion is executed, and the measurement is performed by the tensile test. Check if the tensile strength of the weld is within the specified range.
  • the heat treatment is, for example, carburizing, quenching and tempering, but is not limited to this.
  • the present invention it is possible to increase the fatigue strength of the welded portion by reducing the swelling of the surface of the welded portion while increasing the ratio of the molten joint portion to the welded portion. Further, the surface hardness and the molten state can be defined as an index affecting the strength of the welded portion, and the strength of the welded portion can be managed.
  • 6 is a digital image showing a welded portion of the second embodiment of the present invention. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 6 is a digital image showing a welded portion of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a welded cage for roller bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the ring portion of the same embodiment, and represents the circle II in FIG. 3 and 4 are enlarged perspective views showing the ring portion of the same embodiment, FIG. 3 shows the circle III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows the central portion of FIG. 3 taken out and further enlarged. ..
  • the welded cage for roller bearings of the present embodiment (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a cage 10) includes a pair of ring portions 11 and 11 and a plurality of pillar portions 16 for connecting the pair of ring portions 11 and 11 to each other. To prepare for.
  • the cage 10 is an M-type cage.
  • the central region of the pillars 16 is located on the inner diameter side and extends parallel to the axis O, and both ends of the pillars 16 are located on the outer diameter side. Then, it extends in parallel with the axis O, and the intermediate region connecting the central region and the end portion of the pillar portion 16 extends diagonally with respect to the axis O.
  • the ring portion 11 projects from both ends of the pillar portion 16 toward the inner diameter side.
  • the ring portion 11 is an inward flange in this way, it is also referred to as a flange portion. That is, when the cage 10 is cut on a plane including the axis O, the cross section of the pillar portion 16 and the pair of ring portions 11 and 11 is M-shaped.
  • the inner diameter surface of the ring portion 11 of the present embodiment is located on the inner diameter side of the central region of the pillar portion 16.
  • a pocket 19 is partitioned between the pair of ring portions 11 and 11 and the pillar portions 16 and 16 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • Rolls (not shown) are arranged in each pocket 19.
  • the shape of the roller is not particularly limited, but it is, for example, a needle-shaped roller.
  • the inner diameter side roller stopper 17 and the outer diameter side roller stopper 18 are formed on the pocket surface 16 m that partitions the pocket 19.
  • the inner diameter side roller stopper 17 is arranged in the central region of the pillar portion 16.
  • the outer diameter side roller stoppers 18 are arranged at both ends of the pillar portion 16.
  • the inner diameter side and outer diameter side roller stoppers 17 and 18 formed on the two pocket surfaces 16 m and 16 m facing each other across the one pocket 19 hold rollers (not shown) so as not to fall out of the pocket 19. ..
  • This embodiment may be a roller with a cage in which a plurality of rollers are incorporated in one roller bearing weld cage 10.
  • the roller bearing weld cage 10 is incorporated into, for example, a planetary gear mechanism (not shown) including a sun gear, a planetary gear, a ring gear, and a carrier.
  • a roller bearing provided with a weld cage 10 for roller bearings is incorporated in the center of a planetary gear rotatably supported by a carrier. As the carrier rotates, the planetary gear and the weld cage 10 for roller bearings revolve.
  • the weld cage 10 for roller bearings is incorporated in a pivot shaft (not shown) of a connecting rod of an internal combustion engine, and revolves together with the pivot shaft as the connecting rod operates.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a typical process in the manufacturing process of a welded cage for roller bearings.
  • a strip-shaped steel plate hereinafter referred to as a strip, a strip, or a base material
  • the material of the strip steel include cold-rolled steel sheets such as JIS-SPC, JIS-SCM415, and JIS-SCM420.
  • low carbon steel such as JIS-S15C or medium carbon steel such as JIS-S45C may be used.
  • an M-shaped foam molding process is performed on the strip steel so that the cross-sectional shape is M-shaped.
  • the M-shape is plastically deformed so that when the steel strip is rolled into a cylindrical shape as described later, a step is provided in the radial direction between the central portion in the width direction of the strip steel and both side edges of the strip steel. It means to let you.
  • the M-type foam forming step is performed by sandwiching and pressing a strip of steel between a molding roll composed of an upper mold having a convex shape at the center and a lower mold having a concave shape at the center. At this time, both edges of the strip steel in the width direction are rounded at the corners, and the chamfered portion 12 is formed.
  • a pocket removing step for forming a pocket for holding the rollers is performed on the strip steel having an M-shaped cross section.
  • the pocket punching step is performed by preparing a punch having a punching blade and punching the strip by pressing the cutting edge of the punch in the thickness direction of the strip.
  • the steel strip portion remaining between the adjacent pockets constitutes the pillar portion 16 of the cage. Further, the steel strip portion remaining on the outer side in the width direction from the pocket constitutes the ring portion material 11s of the cage.
  • a claw forming step of forming a claw-shaped outer diameter side roller stopper 18 at the end of the pillar portion 16 is performed.
  • the end portion of the pillar portion 16 is fixed and pressed from the inner diameter side by a press to form and form the end portion of the pillar portion 16 so as to widen the width dimension in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter side. ..
  • a cutting step of cutting the steel strip is performed so that the length becomes the circumference of the cage 10 as a predetermined length.
  • the cutting is performed so as to cross the pocket 19, and as a result, both sides (ring portion material 11s) remaining are cut.
  • the end portion of the ring portion material 11s is cut diagonally with respect to the strip thickness direction to form a slant shape (see FIG. 6) when viewed in the strip width direction. This is hereinafter referred to as slant end portion 13s.
  • the ladder-shaped cage material is cut out by the cutting process.
  • a bending step is performed in which the strip steel cut to the length of one round is bent into a cylindrical shape so as to be rolled.
  • the longitudinal direction of the strip is the circumferential direction of the cage
  • the thickness direction of the strip is the radial direction of the cage
  • the width direction of the strip is the axial direction of the cage
  • the chamfered portion. 12 is on the outer diameter side.
  • the distance between the pocket surfaces 16m and 16m facing each other becomes narrower in the central region of the pillar portion 16.
  • the inner diameter side of the central region of the pillar portion 16 constitutes the inner diameter side roller stopper 17.
  • slant-cut tips face each other on the outer diameter side.
  • the inclination angle of the cut surface is a predetermined value included in a range of 30 ° or more and 80 ° or less with respect to the longitudinal direction of the strip steel or the circumferential direction of the cage 10.
  • the outer diameter surface of the end portion of each column portion 16 that is not continuous in the circumferential direction is ground to form a curved surface belonging to a common cylinder.
  • the first grinding step of grinding the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical weld cage 10 joined by welding is performed.
  • the outer diameter surfaces of the ring portions 11 and 11 that are continuous in the circumferential direction exhibit a smooth cylindrical curved surface.
  • the first grinding step can be omitted.
  • a carburizing, quenching, and tempering treatment may be performed.
  • This heat treatment step improves the strength of the weld cage.
  • the crystal grains become finer due to quenching during quenching.
  • other heat treatment steps such as nitriding treatment and quenching treatment may be performed.
  • carburizing and nitriding and quenching are preferable.
  • weight reduction of the cage contributes to improvement of fatigue strength.
  • the welding cage 10 shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured.
  • a roller (not shown) is incorporated in each pocket 19 of the weld cage 10, and a roller bearing is manufactured.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view showing a state in which the ring portion material 11s for one round is rolled and the slant ends 13s and 13s of the ring portion material 11s made of metal are brought close to each other.
  • the ring portion material is the widthwise side edge of the strip steel described above.
  • the slant-cut ends are opposed to each other so that the outer diameter sides are close to each other and the inner diameter sides of the ends are far from each other.
  • both ends of the strip are melted and joined by upset welding in which the ends facing each other are brought into contact with each other and pressed against each other to pass a large current through the strip to create a circular cage.
  • the welded portion 13 of the present embodiment uses a strip of steel as a base material.
  • the end outer diameter side where the tapered tip portions are close to each other has a large melting region of the slant end portion 13s.
  • the melting region of the slant end portion 13s is small.
  • FIG. 7 is an image of the welded portion 13 of the present embodiment captured by a digital image pickup device (hereinafter, also referred to as Example 1).
  • the ring portion 11 is cut at a cross section VII perpendicular to the axis O, and the ring portion 11 is cut.
  • the cut surface was immersed in a nitric acid alcohol solution to discolor it according to the following procedure, and the photograph was taken.
  • the welded portion 13 is produced by the welding method shown in FIG. 6 described above, and includes a white melt-bonded portion 13a on one side in the radial direction and a gray-based diffused joint portion 13b on the other side in the radial direction.
  • the circumferential center surface of the welded portion 13 is referred to as a joining surface 13c for convenience. Further, the base metal 15 is heated by welding. The base metal adjacent to both sides of the welded portion 13 in the circumferential direction is called a heat-affected zone 14.
  • test solution containing nitric acid and alcohol is prepared.
  • the test solution is nital, and specifically, for example, a commercially available concentrated nitric acid ethanol solution having a nitric acid concentration of 3% by volume.
  • the test solution is prepared by diluting a predetermined concentration of concentrated nitric acid contained in the concentration range of 60 to 62% by weight with ethanol having a concentration of 99.5% by weight or volume%.
  • the test solution is an ethanol nitrate solution having a predetermined concentration in which the ratio of concentrated nitric acid to the whole is in the range of 3 to 10% by volume.
  • the alcohol in the test solution may be methanol.
  • the test solution may be a picric acid alcohol solution.
  • the cross-section VII of the cage 10 (FIG. 4) is immersed in the test solution, and after a lapse of 3 seconds or more and 5 seconds or less, the cross-section VII is taken out from the test solution to obtain the cross-section VII.
  • the shape of the weld is judged by the color change.
  • the melt-bonded portion 13a is formed by completely melting the base metal during welding and joining by melting.
  • the carbide of the base metal dissolves in the matrix phase. Therefore, when the cross section of the melt-bonded portion is corroded with an alcohol nitrate solution, it exhibits a white color as compared with the incompletely melted portion such as the diffusion-bonded portion 13b and the heat-affected zone 14.
  • melt-joining exhibits a large joining strength, the molten metal tends to squeeze out and the surface of the welded portion tends to be greatly raised. Then, stress concentration occurs in the vicinity of the swelling, and the fatigue strength decreases.
  • the diffusion joint portion 13b was joined by butt joint without melting the base metal at the time of welding joint.
  • the carbides of the base material do not dissolve in the matrix phase, and the metal atoms diffuse and bond with each other. Therefore, when the cross section of the diffusion junction is corroded with an alcohol nitrate solution, the hue becomes the same as that of the heat-affected zone, so that it can be discriminated by comparison with the molten metal.
  • the bonding strength is smaller than that of molten bonding, it is difficult for the metal to squeeze out because the metal does not melt, and the surface swelling of the welded portion tends to be small.
  • the heat-affected zone 14 has a change in the composition of the base metal due to the heating of the welded joint.
  • the welded portion is as shown in FIG. Is inverted. That is, the white melt joint portion 13a is arranged on the inner diameter side, and the gray diffusion joint portion 13b is arranged on the outer diameter side.
  • the white melt joint portion 13a is arranged on the outer diameter side, and the gray diffusion joint portion 13b is arranged on the inner diameter side.
  • the melt joint portion 13a is an isosceles triangle whose circumferential dimension increases as it is closer to the outer diameter surface 11d of the ring portion 11.
  • the center line of this isosceles triangle coincides with the joint surface 13c.
  • the radial dimension Lr of the welded portion 13 that is, the dimension Lr from the outer diameter surface 11d to the inner diameter surface 11c is 100%
  • the radial dimension La of the diffusion joint portion 13b on the joint surface 13c is 70% or more and 95% or less. Is included in the range of.
  • the radial dimension Lr-La of the diffusion joint portion 13b on the joint surface 13c is included in the range of 30% or less and 5% or more.
  • the welded portion 13 of the present embodiment has a melt length ratio La / Lr in the range of 70% or more and 95% or less, the welded portion 13 has less swelling, stress concentration does not occur, and fatigue strength is ensured. can do. Further, by being included in this range, the present embodiment sufficiently contains the molten metal, and the required bonding strength can be ensured.
  • FIG. 8 is a digital image showing a welded portion of inverse proportion 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a digital image showing a welded portion of inverse proportion 2.
  • the melt joint portion 13a occupies the entire joint surface 13c and extends from the outer diameter surface 11d to the inner diameter surface 11c.
  • a fatigue strength test was performed at the welded portion 13 of the test piece of Example 1, the welded part 13 of the test piece of inverse proportion 1, and the welded portion 13 of the test piece of inverse proportion 2.
  • Each test piece was prepared so that the swelling of the inner diameter surface 11c was 0.3 mm or less with respect to the arc constituting the inner diameter of the ring portion so that stress concentration due to the swelling did not occur.
  • Fatigue strength tests were also conducted on these base materials to measure the fatigue limit.
  • the fatigue limit is a stress that does not break even when a repeated load of 10 million times or more (one-sided bending load in this test) is applied to the test piece, and is obtained from the repeated load.
  • the index of fatigue strength was used as the fatigue limit.
  • an M-shaped weld cage having an outer diameter of 22 mm, an inner diameter of 14 mm, and a width of 14 mm was prepared.
  • the axial dimension (base material plate thickness) of the ring portion is 0.7 mm.
  • the material was JIS-SCM415, and after welding, charcoal-burning and tempering were performed. After charcoal-burning and tempering, the depth from the surface where the hardness becomes 513 Hv (effective cured layer depth) is 0.06 mm, and the surface hardness is about 600 Hv. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the ring portion.
  • Example 1 the melt length ratio La / Lr was 70%, and the fatigue limit was 879 MPa. In inverse proportion 1, the melt length ratio La / Lr was 0%, and the fatigue limit was 401 MPa. In inverse proportion 2, the melt length ratio La / Lr was 100%, and the fatigue limit was 823 MPa. The fatigue limit of the base metal was 837 MPa. From the above, it was found that according to Example 1, a fatigue limit equal to or higher than that of the base metal can be obtained.
  • FIG. 10 is a digital image showing the welded portion 13 of the second embodiment with respect to the second embodiment of the present embodiment.
  • the ring portion 11 is cut at a cross section VII perpendicular to the axis O, and the cut surface is cut.
  • the image was taken by immersing it in an alcohol nitrate solution under predetermined conditions to discolor it.
  • FIG. 10 in order to discriminate the molten junction by digital image processing, image processing was performed using image processing software ImageJ.
  • FIG. 11 is an image obtained by converting the image of FIG. 10 into an 8-bit gray scale.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged image obtained by cutting out the central portion of the image of FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is an image obtained by subjecting the image of FIG. 12 to a histogram flattening process.
  • FIG. 14 is an image obtained by applying a low-pass filter at the spatial frequency of the image of FIG. 13 to cut high frequency noise.
  • This low-pass filter is an ImageJ bandpass filter in which the low-frequency component is set in the range of 1000 pixels and the high-frequency component is set in the range of 20 pixels.
  • FIG. 15 is an image obtained by subjecting the image of FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is an image obtained by subjecting the image of FIG. 15 to binarization processing, and the black side threshold value 20 and the white side threshold value 180 are set in the Threshold setting of ImageJ. In this way, an image (FIG. 16) was obtained in which the spaces other than the melt-bonded portion 13a and the ring portion 11 were white and the rest were black. Then, the radial dimension La of the melt joint portion 13a and the radial dimension Lr of the welded portion 13 were measured.
  • Example 3 Another image of Example 3 (FIG. 17) was obtained by the above procedure. Then, the radial dimension La of the melt joint portion 13a and the radial dimension Lr of the welded portion 13 were measured.
  • the outer diameter surface of the ring portion 11 is ground to form an arc shape so as to imitate the outer diameter surface of the ring portion.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the welded portion is raised with respect to the outer diameter surface of the ring portion 11.
  • Example 2 and Example 3 charcoal-burning and tempering were performed after welding and joining. Since the carburized portion along the surface of the ring portion 11 is black, the white melt-joined portion 13a apparently decreases in FIGS. 16 and 17, but melting is started from the outer diameter surface in Examples 2 and 3. Therefore, the black outer diameter carburized portion is a molten region. Therefore, in FIGS. 16 and 17, the radial dimension La of the melt-bonded portion 13a may be measured with the outer diameter surface of the ring portion 11 as a starting point.
  • the surface hardness after welding and before charcoal-burning and tempering is 2.3 times that of the base metal (180 Hv) at the welded portion (413 Hv). The reason for this is that when the ends of the base metal are welded together and left in the air, the surface of the welded portion is cooled and hardened. Next, when charcoal-burning and tempering are performed, the welded portion (605 Hv) becomes equivalent to that of the base metal (603 Hv).
  • Tensile strength related to the molten state of the weld (melt length ratio La / Lr is 0%, 70%, 100%, and base metal not affected by heat), and tensile strength before and after carburizing, quenching, and tempering. explain.
  • a region including the welded portion 13 and the base metal 15 on both sides in the circumferential direction is cut out from the ring portion 11, and a tensile load in the direction perpendicular to the joint surface 13c is applied to the cut out test piece. Then, the tensile load at the weld was measured. Further, only the base material 15 was cut out, and the tensile load of the base material 15 was measured.
  • the tensile strength was the value obtained by dividing the maximum tensile load until the test piece broke by the cross-sectional area of the non-welded portion (that is, the base metal) of the ring portion.
  • the cross-sectional area is the area of a flat cut surface orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the ring portion 11.
  • the surface hardness (605Hv) of the welded portion is equivalent to the surface hardness (603Hv) of the base metal, but the tensile strength.
  • the surface hardness (605 Hv) of the welded portion is equivalent to the surface hardness (603 Hv) of the base metal.
  • the double swing fatigue limit shows the same tendency as the tensile strength.
  • the surface hardness (Vickers hardness) of the welded part in order to detect a decrease in the fatigue limit by a tensile test, the surface hardness (Vickers hardness) of the welded part must be 90% or more and 110% or less of the surface hardness (Vickers hardness) of the base metal. Is preferable.
  • the heat treatment includes, for example, subbu quenching, carburizing quenching, carburizing nitriding, induction hardening, laser quenching, and the like.
  • the weld cage of the present embodiment may be subjected to a heat treatment other than carburizing and quenching.
  • carburizing and quenching or carburizing and nitriding may be performed, and the surface hardness of the weld cage is preferably 600 Hv or more.
  • the tensile strength of the welded portion is equivalent to that of the base metal, and more preferably 1100 MPa or more. Further, it is desirable to apply a heat treatment such as carburizing, quenching and tempering to the weld cage to make the surface hardness of the weld cage (welded portion and base metal) 600 Hv or more.
  • the present invention is advantageously used in the center of rotation of a rolling bearing that revolves while rotating.

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Abstract

A welded cage according to the present invention is provided with a base material (15) extending in the circumferential direction and a welded spot (13) formed by joining one end and the other end of the base material to each other by welding, and holds a roller in each of a plurality of pockets formed in the base material at intervals in the circumferential direction. The welded spot includes a welded junction portion (13a) on one side in the radial direction and a diffused junction portion (13b) on the other side in the radial direction, and the dimension of the welded junction portion in the radial direction is 70-95% of the dimension of the welded spot in the radial direction.

Description

ころ軸受用溶接保持器、保持器付きころ、溶融接合部の判別方法、およびころ軸受用溶接保持器の品質確認方法Weld cage for roller bearings, rollers with cages, how to identify molten joints, and how to check the quality of weld cages for roller bearings.
　本発明は、予めポケットを形成された帯状の母材を準備し、当該母材を丸め、母材の両端を溶接によって接合することによってリング状に作製される溶接保持器に関する。 The present invention relates to a welding cage produced in a ring shape by preparing a strip-shaped base material having pockets formed in advance, rolling the base material, and joining both ends of the base material by welding.
　ころ軸受に組み込まれ、ころ同士の間隔を保持する保持器として、溶接保持器が知られている。溶接保持器は、帯状鋼板等の金属素材を保持器一周分の長さで準備し、これを丸めて両端を溶接により接合する（以下、溶接部、あるいは溶接箇所ともいう）。かかる溶接保持器として従来、特開2013-160263号公報（特許文献１）、特開2007-270967号公報（特許文献２）、および特開2013-108587号公報（特許文献３）がある。 Welding cages are known as cages that are incorporated into roller bearings and maintain the distance between rollers. In the weld cage, a metal material such as a strip-shaped steel plate is prepared with a length of one circumference of the cage, which is rolled and both ends are joined by welding (hereinafter, also referred to as a welded portion or a welded portion). Conventionally, there are Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-160263 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-270967 (Patent Document 2), and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-108587 (Patent Document 3) as such a welding cage.
　特許文献１では、溶接箇所に荷重が集中しない様、１対の環状部に切り欠きを設け、溶接箇所で分断し難くする。特許文献２では、保持器の外周側の表面が、溶接箇所を含む周方向位置で平坦面に形成される。特許文献３では、一方の環状部と他方の環状部の溶接箇所を異なる周方向位置とし、柱部にも溶接箇所を設けるというものである。 In Patent Document 1, a notch is provided in a pair of annular portions so that the load is not concentrated on the welded portion, and it is difficult to divide the welded portion. In Patent Document 2, the outer peripheral surface of the cage is formed as a flat surface at a circumferential position including a welded portion. In Patent Document 3, the welded portion of one annular portion and the other annular portion are set at different circumferential positions, and the welded portion is also provided on the pillar portion.
特開2013-160263号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-160263 特開2007-270967号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-270967 特開2013-108587号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-108587
　しかし、上記従来のような溶接保持器にあっては、以下に説明するような問題を生ずる。つまり従来技術では、溶接箇所における溶融金属の量を規定していない。溶融金属の量は溶接箇所の強度に影響するため、従来技術では溶接箇所の強度を管理することができない。 However, the conventional weld cage described above causes the problems described below. That is, the prior art does not specify the amount of molten metal at the weld. Since the amount of molten metal affects the strength of the welded part, the strength of the welded part cannot be controlled by the prior art.
　例えば溶融金属がはみ出して盛り上がりが形成されると、盛り上がり近傍で溶接箇所に応力集中が生じる。そうすると溶接箇所の強度が低下してしまう。 For example, when the molten metal protrudes and a swelling is formed, stress concentration occurs at the welded part near the swelling. Then, the strength of the welded portion decreases.
　また従来技術では、溶接箇所の強度に影響する指標、例えば表面硬さや溶融状態、について定義していないので、溶接箇所の強度を管理することができない。 Further, in the prior art, since the index that affects the strength of the welded portion, for example, the surface hardness and the molten state, is not defined, the strength of the welded portion cannot be controlled.
　特に内燃機関および自動変速機を搭載する車両にあっては、自動変速機内部の遊星歯車機構の遊星ギヤや、内燃機関内部のコンロッド等、公転する部材にころ軸受が設けられるところ、これらのころ軸受には遠心力が作用する。このため、ころ軸受に組み込まれる保持器には、溶接箇所で疲労破壊が生じないよう所定の疲労強度が要求される。 In particular, in vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine and an automatic transmission, roller bearings are provided in revolving members such as the planetary gears of the planetary gear mechanism inside the automatic transmission and the connecting rod inside the internal combustion engine. Centrifugal force acts on the bearing. Therefore, the cage incorporated in the roller bearing is required to have a predetermined fatigue strength so that fatigue fracture does not occur at the welded portion.
　本発明の課題は、上述の実情に鑑み、溶接箇所の疲労強度を高めることである。また、本発明の課題は、溶接箇所の疲労強度の管理である。本発明は、溶接箇所の品質管理が可能な溶接保持器を提供することを目的とする。 The object of the present invention is to increase the fatigue strength of the welded portion in view of the above circumstances. Further, an object of the present invention is management of fatigue strength at a welded portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a weld cage capable of quality control of welded parts.
　この目的のため本発明によるころ軸受用溶接保持器は、周方向に延びる母材と、かかる母材の一端および他端が溶接によって互いに接合されてなる溶接箇所を備え、母材に周方向に間隔をあけて複数形成されるポケットでころを保持する溶接保持器であって、溶接保持器の溶接箇所は、径方向一方側の溶融接合部および径方向他方側の拡散接合部を含み、溶融接合部の径方向寸法が溶接箇所の径方向寸法の７０％以上９５％以下である。 For this purpose, the weld cage for roller bearings according to the present invention includes a base material extending in the circumferential direction and a welded portion in which one end and the other end of the base material are joined to each other by welding, and the base material is connected in the circumferential direction. A weld cage that holds rollers in multiple spaced pockets, the weld location of the weld cage including a melt junction on one side in the radial direction and a diffusion junction on the other side in the radial direction. The radial dimension of the joint is 70% or more and 95% or less of the radial dimension of the welded portion.
　溶融接合部の径方向寸法を溶接箇所の径方向寸法で除した値を溶融長さ率という。かかる本発明によれば、溶融長さ率を７０％以上にすることから、溶接箇所における溶融接合部の割合が大きくなり、溶接箇所の引張強さが大きくなって、溶接保持器の疲労限度を確保することができる。また溶融長さ率を９５％以下にすることから、溶接箇所の溶融金属量を過度に多くならないようにして、溶接箇所がリング部の内径面あるいは外径面から０．３ｍｍ以上盛り上がることを防止できる。したがって応力集中を抑制ないし防止することができる。なお、溶接箇所の径方向寸法は、溶接接合後かつ研磨加工前の径方向寸法であるが、あるいは溶接接合後かつ研磨加工後の径方向寸法であってもよい。研磨加工は任意である。 The value obtained by dividing the radial dimension of the melt joint by the radial dimension of the weld is called the melt length ratio. According to the present invention, since the melt length ratio is 70% or more, the ratio of the melt-joined portion in the welded portion is increased, the tensile strength of the welded portion is increased, and the fatigue limit of the weld cage is increased. Can be secured. In addition, since the melt length ratio is 95% or less, the amount of molten metal in the welded part is prevented from becoming excessively large, and the welded part is prevented from rising by 0.3 mm or more from the inner diameter surface or the outer diameter surface of the ring portion. can. Therefore, stress concentration can be suppressed or prevented. The radial dimension of the welded portion is the radial dimension after welding and before polishing, or may be the radial dimension after welding and after polishing. Polishing is optional.
　本発明の一局面として、溶融接合部は溶接箇所の外径面に沿って位置し、拡散接合部は溶接箇所の内径面に沿って位置する。他の局面として、溶融接合部は溶接箇所の内径面に沿って位置し、拡散接合部は溶接箇所の外径面に沿って位置する。 As one aspect of the present invention, the melt joint portion is located along the outer diameter surface of the welded portion, and the diffusion joint portion is located along the inner diameter surface of the welded portion. In another aspect, the melt joint is located along the inner diameter surface of the weld and the diffusion joint is located along the outer diameter surface of the weld.
　母材の両端同士を溶接して接合する際、当該溶接箇所の表面に径方向の盛り上がりが形成されることが多い。かかる溶接箇所の盛り上がりの高さ（盛り上がり量）は低いほうが好ましい。溶接箇所の盛り上がりが顕著になると、保持器が公転して遠心力を受ける際、盛り上がり箇所の近傍で応力集中が生じるためである。本発明の好ましい局面として、溶接箇所の内径面の盛り上がり量が、母材の内径面を基準として０．３ｍｍ以下である。かかる局面によれば、溶接箇所の応力集中が緩和され、公転による遠心力によって本発明が楕円形に歪む作用を受けても耐久性が向上する。ここで附言すると、本発明の溶融接合部の径方向寸法は、溶融接合部の盛り上がり量を含むよう測定されたものであってもよいし、あるいは研削加工によって溶融接合部の盛り上がりを除去した後に測定されたものであってもよい。 When both ends of the base metal are welded and joined, a radial ridge is often formed on the surface of the welded part. It is preferable that the height (swelling amount) of the swelling of the welded portion is low. This is because when the swelling of the welded portion becomes remarkable, stress concentration occurs in the vicinity of the bulging portion when the cage revolves and receives centrifugal force. As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the amount of swelling of the inner diameter surface of the welded portion is 0.3 mm or less with respect to the inner diameter surface of the base metal. According to this aspect, the stress concentration at the welded portion is relaxed, and the durability is improved even if the present invention is subjected to the action of being distorted into an elliptical shape by the centrifugal force due to the revolution. It is added here that the radial dimension of the melt-joint portion of the present invention may be measured so as to include the amount of bulge of the melt-joint portion, or the bulge of the melt-joint portion is removed by grinding. It may be measured later.
　本発明のさらに好ましい局面として、溶接箇所の外径面に研磨加工が施され、溶接箇所の外径面は母材の外径面と同一の曲率を有する。かかる局面によれば、保持器を外径案内することができる。さらに好ましい局面として、溶融接合部が溶接保持器の外径側に配置されて、当該溶融接合部が研磨加工される。かかる局面によれば、溶接箇所の外周面に盛り上がりを有する場合に、金属の溶融量が多く盛り上がりが大きい溶融接合部の盛り上がりを、溶接保持器の外径研磨加工で除去でき、溶接保持器の外径案内面の確保とともに、応力集中の抑制を内径研磨加工よりも低コストで実施できる。他の局面として、溶接箇所の内径面に盛り上がりを有する。 As a more preferable aspect of the present invention, the outer diameter surface of the welded portion is polished, and the outer diameter surface of the welded portion has the same curvature as the outer diameter surface of the base metal. According to this aspect, the cage can be guided by the outer diameter. As a more preferable aspect, the melt joint portion is arranged on the outer diameter side of the weld cage, and the melt joint portion is polished. According to this aspect, when the outer peripheral surface of the welded portion has a bulge, the bulge of the molten joint portion where the amount of metal melted and the bulge is large can be removed by the outer diameter polishing process of the weld cage. It is possible to secure the outer diameter guide surface and suppress stress concentration at a lower cost than the inner diameter polishing process. As another aspect, the inner diameter surface of the welded portion has a bulge.
　溶接接合後、溶接保持器は好ましくは浸炭焼入焼戻処理等の熱処理を施される。本発明の一局面として溶接箇所は、浸炭焼入焼戻処理を施されることにより、表面硬さが６００Ｈｖ以上であり、引張強さが１１００ＭＰａ以上である。 After welding and joining, the weld cage is preferably subjected to heat treatment such as carburizing, quenching and tempering. As one aspect of the present invention, the welded portion is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering treatment to have a surface hardness of 600 Hv or more and a tensile strength of 1100 MPa or more.
　本発明の保持器付きころは、上述したころ軸受用溶接保持器と、ころ軸受用溶接保持器のポケットに保持されるころとを具備する。 The roller with a cage of the present invention includes the above-mentioned weld cage for roller bearings and the rollers held in the pockets of the weld cage for roller bearings.
　本発明の溶融接合部の判別方法は、ころ軸受用溶接保持器に対し研磨加工等を施すことによってころ軸受用溶接保持器の溶接箇所に断面を作成し、かかる断面を硝酸アルコール溶液で腐食させた後にデジタル画像を撮影し、かかるデジタル画像を、デジタル画像処理して、溶融接合部とそれ以外の部分との境界を判別する。この断面は、保持器の軸線と平行な平面であってもよいが、好ましくは軸線と交差する平坦な断面であり、溶接箇所の外径面および内径面と交差する。デジタル画像処理は、例えば、グレースケール変換、ヒストグラム平坦化処理、ローパスフィルタ処理、２値化、の順序で、画像処理することを含むが、これに限定されない。 In the method for discriminating the melt joint portion of the present invention, a cross section is created at the welded portion of the weld cage for roller bearings by polishing the weld cage for roller bearings, and the cross section is corroded with an alcohol nitrate solution. After that, a digital image is taken, and the digital image is processed by digital image processing to determine the boundary between the molten joint portion and the other portion. This cross section may be a plane parallel to the axis of the cage, but is preferably a flat cross section that intersects the axis and intersects the outer and inner diameter surfaces of the weld. Digital image processing includes, but is not limited to, image processing in the order of, for example, grayscale conversion, histogram flattening processing, low-pass filter processing, and binarization.
　本発明のころ軸受用溶接保持器の品質確認方法は、上述したころ軸受用溶接保持器に対し熱処理を施し、当該熱処理の後に溶接箇所を破断させる引張試験を実行し、引張試験によって測定される溶接箇所の引張強さが所定範囲以内かどうかを確認する。熱処理は例えば浸炭焼入焼戻であるが、これに限定されない。 In the method for confirming the quality of the weld cage for roller bearings of the present invention, the above-mentioned weld cage for roller bearings is heat-treated, and after the heat treatment, a tensile test for breaking the welded portion is executed, and the measurement is performed by the tensile test. Check if the tensile strength of the weld is within the specified range. The heat treatment is, for example, carburizing, quenching and tempering, but is not limited to this.
　このように本発明によれば、溶接箇所に占める溶融接合部の割合を大きくしつつ溶接箇所表面の盛り上がりを低くして、溶接箇所の疲労強度を高めることができる。また溶接箇所の強度に影響する指標として、表面硬さや溶融状態について定義して、溶接箇所の強度を管理することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the fatigue strength of the welded portion by reducing the swelling of the surface of the welded portion while increasing the ratio of the molten joint portion to the welded portion. Further, the surface hardness and the molten state can be defined as an index affecting the strength of the welded portion, and the strength of the welded portion can be managed.
本発明の一実施形態になるころ軸受用溶接保持器を示す全体斜視図である。It is an overall perspective view which shows the welding cage for a roller bearing which becomes one Embodiment of this invention. 同実施形態の溶接箇所を示す拡大斜視図である。It is an enlarged perspective view which shows the weld part of the same embodiment. 同実施形態の溶接箇所を示す拡大斜視図である。It is an enlarged perspective view which shows the weld part of the same embodiment. 同実施形態の溶接箇所をさらに拡大して示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the welding part of the same embodiment further enlarged. ころ軸受用溶接保持器の製造工程のうち代表的な工程を表す概略図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the typical process in the manufacturing process of the welding cage for a roller bearing. リング部素材のスラント端部同士を近づけた状態を示す拡大側面図である。It is an enlarged side view which shows the state which the slant ends of a ring part material are brought close to each other. 同実施形態（実施例１）の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。6 is a digital image showing a welded portion of the same embodiment (Example 1). 対比例１の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。It is a digital image which shows the welding part of the inverse proportion 1. 対比例２の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。It is a digital image which shows the welding part of the inverse proportion 2. 本発明の実施例２の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。6 is a digital image showing a welded portion of the second embodiment of the present invention. 図１０の画像をデジタル処理した画像である。It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 図１１の画像をデジタル処理した画像である。It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 図１２の画像をデジタル処理した画像である。It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 図１３の画像をデジタル処理した画像である。It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 図１４の画像をデジタル処理した画像である。It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 図１５の画像をデジタル処理した画像である。It is an image which digitally processed the image of FIG. 本発明の実施例３の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。6 is a digital image showing a welded portion of the third embodiment of the present invention.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に基づき詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施形態になるころ軸受用溶接保持器を示す全体斜視図である。図２は同実施形態のリング部を示す拡大斜視図であり、図１中の丸囲みＩＩを表す。図３および図４は同実施形態のリング部を示す拡大斜視図であり、図３は図１中の丸囲みＩＩＩを表し、図４は図３の中央部を取り出してさらに拡大したものである。本実施形態のころ軸受用溶接保持器（以下、単に保持器１０ともいう）は、１対のリング部１１，１１と、１対のリング部１１，１１同士を結合する複数の柱部１６とを備える。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a welded cage for roller bearings according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the ring portion of the same embodiment, and represents the circle II in FIG. 3 and 4 are enlarged perspective views showing the ring portion of the same embodiment, FIG. 3 shows the circle III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows the central portion of FIG. 3 taken out and further enlarged. .. The welded cage for roller bearings of the present embodiment (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a cage 10) includes a pair of ring portions 11 and 11 and a plurality of pillar portions 16 for connecting the pair of ring portions 11 and 11 to each other. To prepare for.
　以下の説明において、保持器１０の中心を軸線Ｏという。保持器１０はＭ型保持器である。図１を参照してＭ型保持器の多数の柱部１６に関し、柱部１６の中央領域が内径側に位置して軸線Ｏと平行に延び、柱部１６の両端部が外径側に位置して軸線Ｏと平行に延び、柱部１６のうち中央領域と端部を結合する途中領域が軸線Ｏに対して斜めに延びている。リング部１１は柱部１６の両端部から内径側に張り出している。このようにリング部１１は内向きフランジであることから、鍔部ともいう。つまり、軸線Ｏを含む平面で保持器１０を切断すると、柱部１６および１対のリング部１１，１１の断面はＭ字形状である。本実施形態のリング部１１の内径面は、柱部１６の中央領域よりも内径側に位置する。 In the following description, the center of the cage 10 is referred to as the axis O. The cage 10 is an M-type cage. With respect to a large number of pillars 16 of the M-shaped cage with reference to FIG. 1, the central region of the pillars 16 is located on the inner diameter side and extends parallel to the axis O, and both ends of the pillars 16 are located on the outer diameter side. Then, it extends in parallel with the axis O, and the intermediate region connecting the central region and the end portion of the pillar portion 16 extends diagonally with respect to the axis O. The ring portion 11 projects from both ends of the pillar portion 16 toward the inner diameter side. Since the ring portion 11 is an inward flange in this way, it is also referred to as a flange portion. That is, when the cage 10 is cut on a plane including the axis O, the cross section of the pillar portion 16 and the pair of ring portions 11 and 11 is M-shaped. The inner diameter surface of the ring portion 11 of the present embodiment is located on the inner diameter side of the central region of the pillar portion 16.
　１対のリング部１１，１１と、周方向で隣り合う柱部１６，１６の間には、ポケット１９が区画される。各ポケット１９には、図示されないころが配置される。ころは、形状を特に限定されないが、例えば針状ころである。 A pocket 19 is partitioned between the pair of ring portions 11 and 11 and the pillar portions 16 and 16 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Rolls (not shown) are arranged in each pocket 19. The shape of the roller is not particularly limited, but it is, for example, a needle-shaped roller.
　各柱部１６のうちポケット１９を区画するポケット面１６ｍには、内径側ころ止め部１７および外径側ころ止め部１８が形成される。内径側ころ止め部１７は、柱部１６の中央領域に配列される。外径側ころ止め部１８は柱部１６の両端部に配列される。１つのポケット１９を挟んで対向する２つのポケット面１６ｍ，１６ｍにそれぞれ形成される内径側および外径側ころ止め部１７，１８は、ポケット１９から脱落しないよう、ころ（図略）を保持する。本実施形態は、１個のころ軸受用溶接保持器１０に複数のころを組み込んだ保持器付きころであってもよい。 Of each pillar portion 16, the inner diameter side roller stopper 17 and the outer diameter side roller stopper 18 are formed on the pocket surface 16 m that partitions the pocket 19. The inner diameter side roller stopper 17 is arranged in the central region of the pillar portion 16. The outer diameter side roller stoppers 18 are arranged at both ends of the pillar portion 16. The inner diameter side and outer diameter side roller stoppers 17 and 18 formed on the two pocket surfaces 16 m and 16 m facing each other across the one pocket 19 hold rollers (not shown) so as not to fall out of the pocket 19. .. This embodiment may be a roller with a cage in which a plurality of rollers are incorporated in one roller bearing weld cage 10.
　ころ軸受用溶接保持器１０は、例えば、サンギヤ、プラネタリギヤ、リングギヤ、およびキャリアを具備する遊星歯車機構（図略）に組み込まれる。具体的にはころ軸受用溶接保持器１０を備えるころ軸受が、キャリアによって回転自在に支持されるプラネタリギヤの中心部に組み込まれる。キャリアが自転するに伴い、プラネタリギヤおよびころ軸受用溶接保持器１０は公転する。あるいはころ軸受用溶接保持器１０は、内燃機関のコンロッドの枢軸（図略）に組み込まれ、コンロッドの動作に伴い枢軸とともに公転する。 The roller bearing weld cage 10 is incorporated into, for example, a planetary gear mechanism (not shown) including a sun gear, a planetary gear, a ring gear, and a carrier. Specifically, a roller bearing provided with a weld cage 10 for roller bearings is incorporated in the center of a planetary gear rotatably supported by a carrier. As the carrier rotates, the planetary gear and the weld cage 10 for roller bearings revolve. Alternatively, the weld cage 10 for roller bearings is incorporated in a pivot shaft (not shown) of a connecting rod of an internal combustion engine, and revolves together with the pivot shaft as the connecting rod operates.
　次に本実施形態の製造工程につき説明する。 Next, the manufacturing process of this embodiment will be described.
　図５は、ころ軸受用溶接保持器の製造工程のうち代表的な工程を表す概略図である。まず図５（ａ）に示すように溶接保持器１０の素材となる帯状の鋼板（以下、帯鋼、帯板、あるいは母材という）を準備する。帯鋼の材質は、ＪＩＳ－ＳＰＣ、ＪＩＳ－ＳＣＭ４１５、ＪＩＳ－ＳＣＭ４２０等の冷間圧延鋼板が挙げられる。あるいはJIS－S15Cなどの低炭素鋼や、JIS－S45Cなどの中炭素鋼を使用してもよい。 FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a typical process in the manufacturing process of a welded cage for roller bearings. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a strip-shaped steel plate (hereinafter referred to as a strip, a strip, or a base material) as a material of the welding cage 10 is prepared. Examples of the material of the strip steel include cold-rolled steel sheets such as JIS-SPC, JIS-SCM415, and JIS-SCM420. Alternatively, low carbon steel such as JIS-S15C or medium carbon steel such as JIS-S45C may be used.
　次に図５（ｂ）に示すように帯鋼に対し、断面形状がＭ字状となるようにＭ型フォーム成型工程を行う。ここで、Ｍ字状とは、後述のように円筒状に丸められたときに、帯鋼の幅方向中央部と、帯鋼の両側縁とが、径方向に段差が設けられるように塑性変形させることをいう。Ｍ型フォーム成型工程は、中央部が凸状の上金型と、中央部が凹状の下金型とからなる成型ロールの間に帯鋼を挟みこみ、押圧することにより行う。このとき、帯鋼の幅方向両縁部が角を丸められ、面取部１２が形成される。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), an M-shaped foam molding process is performed on the strip steel so that the cross-sectional shape is M-shaped. Here, the M-shape is plastically deformed so that when the steel strip is rolled into a cylindrical shape as described later, a step is provided in the radial direction between the central portion in the width direction of the strip steel and both side edges of the strip steel. It means to let you. The M-type foam forming step is performed by sandwiching and pressing a strip of steel between a molding roll composed of an upper mold having a convex shape at the center and a lower mold having a concave shape at the center. At this time, both edges of the strip steel in the width direction are rounded at the corners, and the chamfered portion 12 is formed.
　次に図５（ｃ）に示すように、断面Ｍ字形状の帯鋼に対し、ころを保持するポケットを形成するためのポケット抜き工程を行う。ポケット抜き工程は、打ち抜き刃を有するポンチを準備し、帯鋼の厚み方向にポンチの刃先を押し当てて当該帯鋼を打ち抜くことにより行われる。隣り合うポケット同士の間に残存する帯鋼部分は、保持器の柱部１６を構成する。またポケットよりも幅方向外側に残存する帯鋼部分は、保持器のリング部素材１１ｓを構成する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), a pocket removing step for forming a pocket for holding the rollers is performed on the strip steel having an M-shaped cross section. The pocket punching step is performed by preparing a punch having a punching blade and punching the strip by pressing the cutting edge of the punch in the thickness direction of the strip. The steel strip portion remaining between the adjacent pockets constitutes the pillar portion 16 of the cage. Further, the steel strip portion remaining on the outer side in the width direction from the pocket constitutes the ring portion material 11s of the cage.
　次に、柱部１６の端部に、爪状の、外径側ころ止め部１８を形成する爪形成工程を行う。爪形成工程は、柱部１６の端部を固定し、内径側からプレスによって押圧することにより、柱部１６の端部の外径側の周方向の幅寸法を広げるように成型し、形成する。 Next, a claw forming step of forming a claw-shaped outer diameter side roller stopper 18 at the end of the pillar portion 16 is performed. In the claw forming step, the end portion of the pillar portion 16 is fixed and pressed from the inner diameter side by a press to form and form the end portion of the pillar portion 16 so as to widen the width dimension in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter side. ..
　その後、所定の長さとして保持器１０の円周長さとなるように、帯鋼を切断する切断工程を行う。切断は、ポケット１９を横断するように行われ、結果的に残る両側（リング部素材１１ｓ）が切断される。リング部素材１１ｓの端部は、帯鋼厚み方向に対して斜めに切断され、帯鋼幅方向にみてスラント形状（図６参照）にされる。これを以下、スラント端部１３ｓという。切断工程により梯子状の保持器素材が切り出される。 After that, a cutting step of cutting the steel strip is performed so that the length becomes the circumference of the cage 10 as a predetermined length. The cutting is performed so as to cross the pocket 19, and as a result, both sides (ring portion material 11s) remaining are cut. The end portion of the ring portion material 11s is cut diagonally with respect to the strip thickness direction to form a slant shape (see FIG. 6) when viewed in the strip width direction. This is hereinafter referred to as slant end portion 13s. The ladder-shaped cage material is cut out by the cutting process.
　次に図５（ｄ）に示すように、１周分の長さに切断された帯鋼を丸めるよう、円筒状に折り曲げる曲げ工程を行う。丸められることにより、帯鋼の長手方向は保持器の周方向になり、帯鋼の厚み方向は保持器の径方向になり、帯鋼の幅方向は保持器の軸線方向になり、面取部１２は外径側にされる。また曲げ工程により、互いに対向するポケット面１６ｍ, １６ｍの間隔は、柱部１６の中央領域で狭くなる。結果的に柱部１６の中央領域の内径側は、内径側ころ止め部１７を構成する。ここで附言すると、図６に示すように、スラントカットされた先端同士が、外径側で互いに対向する。切断面の傾斜角は、帯鋼の長手方向あるいは保持器１０の周方向に対し３０°以上８０°以下の範囲に含まれる所定値である。周方向に連なっていない各柱部１６の端部の外径面は、研削され、共通の円筒に属する曲面を構成する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), a bending step is performed in which the strip steel cut to the length of one round is bent into a cylindrical shape so as to be rolled. By being rolled, the longitudinal direction of the strip is the circumferential direction of the cage, the thickness direction of the strip is the radial direction of the cage, the width direction of the strip is the axial direction of the cage, and the chamfered portion. 12 is on the outer diameter side. Further, due to the bending step, the distance between the pocket surfaces 16m and 16m facing each other becomes narrower in the central region of the pillar portion 16. As a result, the inner diameter side of the central region of the pillar portion 16 constitutes the inner diameter side roller stopper 17. As an additional note, as shown in FIG. 6, slant-cut tips face each other on the outer diameter side. The inclination angle of the cut surface is a predetermined value included in a range of 30 ° or more and 80 ° or less with respect to the longitudinal direction of the strip steel or the circumferential direction of the cage 10. The outer diameter surface of the end portion of each column portion 16 that is not continuous in the circumferential direction is ground to form a curved surface belonging to a common cylinder.
　次に図５（ｅ）に示すように、折り曲げられた鋼板の両端部（スラント端部１３ｓ，１３ｓ）を互いに接合する溶接工程を行う。これによりリング部素材の端部同士が溶接され、リング部１１が作成される。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (e), a welding step is performed in which both ends (slant ends 13s, 13s) of the bent steel sheet are joined to each other. As a result, the ends of the ring portion material are welded to each other, and the ring portion 11 is created.
　次に、必要に応じて、溶接で接合された円筒状の溶接保持器１０の外径面を研削する第一研削工程を行う。ここで周方向に連なっているリング部１１、１１の外径面においては、滑らかな円筒状の曲面を呈する。第一研削工程は省略可能である。 Next, if necessary, the first grinding step of grinding the outer diameter surface of the cylindrical weld cage 10 joined by welding is performed. Here, the outer diameter surfaces of the ring portions 11 and 11 that are continuous in the circumferential direction exhibit a smooth cylindrical curved surface. The first grinding step can be omitted.
　その後、好ましくは、熱処理工程として、浸炭焼入焼戻し処理を行ってもよい。この熱処理工程により、溶接保持器の強度を向上させる。保持器に焼入を施す場合、焼入時の急冷により結晶粒が微細化する。炭素の含有量が多い鋼の場合は、窒化処理、ズブ焼入れ処理等、他の熱処理工程を行ってもよい。低炭素鋼の場合は浸炭焼入や浸炭窒化焼入が好ましい。本実施形態のように、遠心力による加速度を受ける保持器の場合、保持器の軽量化は疲労強度の向上に寄与する。この場合、JIS－SCM415やJIS－SCr415、高張力鋼などの帯板を用い、浸炭焼入焼戻または浸炭窒化焼入焼戻を施すことが望ましい。 After that, preferably, as a heat treatment step, a carburizing, quenching, and tempering treatment may be performed. This heat treatment step improves the strength of the weld cage. When quenching the cage, the crystal grains become finer due to quenching during quenching. In the case of steel having a high carbon content, other heat treatment steps such as nitriding treatment and quenching treatment may be performed. In the case of low carbon steel, carburizing and nitriding and quenching are preferable. In the case of a cage that receives acceleration due to centrifugal force as in the present embodiment, weight reduction of the cage contributes to improvement of fatigue strength. In this case, it is desirable to perform carburizing and nitriding quenching or tempering using a strip of JIS-SCM415, JIS-SCr415, high-strength steel or the like.
　このようにして、図１に示す溶接保持器１０が製造される。次に、溶接保持器１０の各ポケット１９にころ（図略）を組み込んで、ころ軸受が製造される。 In this way, the welding cage 10 shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured. Next, a roller (not shown) is incorporated in each pocket 19 of the weld cage 10, and a roller bearing is manufactured.
　前述した溶接工程につき詳細に説明する。 The above-mentioned welding process will be explained in detail.
　図６は、１周分のリング部素材１１ｓを丸め、金属からなるリング部素材１１ｓのうちのスラント端部１３ｓ，１３ｓ同士を近づけた状態を示す拡大側面図である。リング部素材は前述した帯鋼の幅方向側縁である。本実施形態では、スラントカットされた端部の外径側同士が互いに近づき、端部の内径側同士が互いに遠くなるよう、向き合わされる。次に、互いに向き合った端部を接触させ圧力を掛けて互いに押し付け合わせて帯鋼に大電流を流すアプセット溶接により、帯鋼の両端部を溶融させて接合し、円形の保持器を作成する。本実施形態の溶接箇所１３は、帯鋼を母材とする。 FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view showing a state in which the ring portion material 11s for one round is rolled and the slant ends 13s and 13s of the ring portion material 11s made of metal are brought close to each other. The ring portion material is the widthwise side edge of the strip steel described above. In the present embodiment, the slant-cut ends are opposed to each other so that the outer diameter sides are close to each other and the inner diameter sides of the ends are far from each other. Next, both ends of the strip are melted and joined by upset welding in which the ends facing each other are brought into contact with each other and pressed against each other to pass a large current through the strip to create a circular cage. The welded portion 13 of the present embodiment uses a strip of steel as a base material.
　なお図６中、スラント端部１３ｓ，１３ｓのうち、先細形成される先端部分同士が互いに近い端部外径側で、スラント端部１３ｓの溶融領域が大きい。これに対し、先端部から離れたスラント端部１３ｓ，１３ｓの内径側では、スラント端部１３ｓの溶融領域が小さい。 Note that, in FIG. 6, of the slant end portions 13s and 13s, the end outer diameter side where the tapered tip portions are close to each other has a large melting region of the slant end portion 13s. On the other hand, on the inner diameter side of the slant end portions 13s and 13s away from the tip portion, the melting region of the slant end portion 13s is small.
　図７は本実施形態の溶接箇所１３をデジタル撮像装置で撮像した画像（以下、実施例１ともいう）であり、図４中、軸線Ｏに直角な断面ＶＩＩでリング部１１を切断し、この切断面を下記の手順で硝酸アルコール溶液に浸漬して変色させ、撮影したものである。溶接箇所１３は、前述した図６に示す溶接方法によって作製され、径方向一方側に白系の溶融接合部１３ａを含み、径方向他方側にグレー系の拡散接合部１３ｂを含む。そして一方端部と他方端部が接合されることから、溶接箇所１３の周方向中心面を便宜上接合面１３ｃという。また溶接によって母材１５は加熱される。溶接箇所１３の周方向両側に隣接する母材を熱影響部１４という。 FIG. 7 is an image of the welded portion 13 of the present embodiment captured by a digital image pickup device (hereinafter, also referred to as Example 1). In FIG. 4, the ring portion 11 is cut at a cross section VII perpendicular to the axis O, and the ring portion 11 is cut. The cut surface was immersed in a nitric acid alcohol solution to discolor it according to the following procedure, and the photograph was taken. The welded portion 13 is produced by the welding method shown in FIG. 6 described above, and includes a white melt-bonded portion 13a on one side in the radial direction and a gray-based diffused joint portion 13b on the other side in the radial direction. Since one end portion and the other end portion are joined, the circumferential center surface of the welded portion 13 is referred to as a joining surface 13c for convenience. Further, the base metal 15 is heated by welding. The base metal adjacent to both sides of the welded portion 13 in the circumferential direction is called a heat-affected zone 14.
　図７に示す切断面を作成する手順について説明する。まず硝酸およびアルコールを含む検査液を準備する。検査液はナイタールであり、具体的には例えば、市販される硝酸濃度３体積％の濃硝酸エタノール溶液である。あるいは検査液は、濃度６０～６２重量％の範囲に含まれる所定濃度の濃硝酸を、濃度99.5重量％または体積％のエタノールで希釈して作成される。あるいは検査液は、全体に対する濃硝酸の比率が３～１０体積％の範囲に含まれる所定濃度の硝酸エタノール溶液である。なお検査液中のアルコールはメタノールであってもよい。あるいは検査液は、ピクリン酸アルコール溶液であってもよい。 The procedure for creating the cut surface shown in FIG. 7 will be described. First, a test solution containing nitric acid and alcohol is prepared. The test solution is nital, and specifically, for example, a commercially available concentrated nitric acid ethanol solution having a nitric acid concentration of 3% by volume. Alternatively, the test solution is prepared by diluting a predetermined concentration of concentrated nitric acid contained in the concentration range of 60 to 62% by weight with ethanol having a concentration of 99.5% by weight or volume%. Alternatively, the test solution is an ethanol nitrate solution having a predetermined concentration in which the ratio of concentrated nitric acid to the whole is in the range of 3 to 10% by volume. The alcohol in the test solution may be methanol. Alternatively, the test solution may be a picric acid alcohol solution.
　次に、室温のナイタールを検査液として用いる場合、検査液に保持器１０の断面ＶＩＩ（図４）を漬け、３秒以上５秒以下の時間経過後に検査液から断面ＶＩＩを取り出し、断面ＶＩＩの色変化により溶接部の形状を判断する。なお、室温のピクリン酸アルコール溶液を使用する場合、保持器１０の断面ＶＩＩを30分浸漬することが望ましい。 Next, when using nital at room temperature as the test solution, the cross-section VII of the cage 10 (FIG. 4) is immersed in the test solution, and after a lapse of 3 seconds or more and 5 seconds or less, the cross-section VII is taken out from the test solution to obtain the cross-section VII. The shape of the weld is judged by the color change. When using a picric acid alcohol solution at room temperature, it is desirable to immerse the cross section VII of the cage 10 for 30 minutes.
　溶融接合部１３ａは、溶接接合の際、母材が完全に溶融し溶け込みによって接合したものである。溶融接合部１３ａでは母材の炭化物がマトリクス相に溶け込む。このため溶融接合の断面を硝酸アルコール溶液で腐食すると、拡散接合部１３ｂや熱影響部１４等の不完全溶融部と比較して白色を呈する。かかる溶融接合は大きな接合強度を発揮するが、溶融金属がはみ出してしまい、溶接箇所の表面が大きく盛り上がる傾向にある。そうすると、盛り上がりの近傍で応力集中が生じて疲労強度が低下する。 The melt-bonded portion 13a is formed by completely melting the base metal during welding and joining by melting. At the melt-bonded portion 13a, the carbide of the base metal dissolves in the matrix phase. Therefore, when the cross section of the melt-bonded portion is corroded with an alcohol nitrate solution, it exhibits a white color as compared with the incompletely melted portion such as the diffusion-bonded portion 13b and the heat-affected zone 14. Although such melt-joining exhibits a large joining strength, the molten metal tends to squeeze out and the surface of the welded portion tends to be greatly raised. Then, stress concentration occurs in the vicinity of the swelling, and the fatigue strength decreases.
　拡散接合部１３ｂは、溶接接合の際、母材が溶融することなく突き合わせによって接合したものである。拡散接合部１３ｂでは、母材の炭化物がマトリクス相に溶け込まず、金属原子同士が拡散して接合する。このため拡散接合の断面を硝酸アルコール溶液で腐食すると、熱影響部と同色相になるので、溶融金属と比較して判別できる。かかる拡散接合は、溶融接合と対比して、接合強度が小さいものの、金属が溶融しないためはみ出し難く、溶接箇所の表面の盛り上がりが小さい傾向にある。 The diffusion joint portion 13b was joined by butt joint without melting the base metal at the time of welding joint. In the diffusion bonding portion 13b, the carbides of the base material do not dissolve in the matrix phase, and the metal atoms diffuse and bond with each other. Therefore, when the cross section of the diffusion junction is corroded with an alcohol nitrate solution, the hue becomes the same as that of the heat-affected zone, so that it can be discriminated by comparison with the molten metal. In such diffusion bonding, although the bonding strength is smaller than that of molten bonding, it is difficult for the metal to squeeze out because the metal does not melt, and the surface swelling of the welded portion tends to be small.
　熱影響部１４は溶接接合の加熱によって母材の組成が変化したものである。 The heat-affected zone 14 has a change in the composition of the base metal due to the heating of the welded joint.
　なお図示しない変形例として、図６とは逆に、端部の外径側同士が互いに遠くなり、端部の内径側同士が互いに近づくよう向き合わされるスラントカットの場合、溶接箇所は図７とは逆形状にされる。すなわち、白系の溶融接合部１３ａが内径側に配置され、グレー系の拡散接合部１３ｂが外径側に配置される。 As a modification not shown, contrary to FIG. 6, in the case of a slant cut in which the outer diameter sides of the ends are far from each other and the inner diameter sides of the ends are close to each other, the welded portion is as shown in FIG. Is inverted. That is, the white melt joint portion 13a is arranged on the inner diameter side, and the gray diffusion joint portion 13b is arranged on the outer diameter side.
　説明を図７に戻すと、本実施形態では、白系の溶融接合部１３ａが外径側に配置され、グレー系の拡散接合部１３ｂが内径側に配置される。溶融接合部１３ａはリング部１１の外径面１１ｄに近い程、周方向寸法が大きくなる二等辺三角形である。この二等辺三角形の中心線は接合面１３ｃに一致する。溶接箇所１３の径方向寸法Ｌｒ、すなわち外径面１１ｄから内径面１１ｃまでの寸法Ｌｒ、を１００％とすると、接合面１３ｃにおける拡散接合部１３ｂの径方向寸法Ｌａは、７０％以上９５％以下の範囲に含まれる。また接合面１３ｃにおける拡散接合部１３ｂの径方向寸法Ｌｒ―Ｌａは、３０％以下５％以上の範囲に含まれる。 Returning to FIG. 7, in the present embodiment, the white melt joint portion 13a is arranged on the outer diameter side, and the gray diffusion joint portion 13b is arranged on the inner diameter side. The melt joint portion 13a is an isosceles triangle whose circumferential dimension increases as it is closer to the outer diameter surface 11d of the ring portion 11. The center line of this isosceles triangle coincides with the joint surface 13c. Assuming that the radial dimension Lr of the welded portion 13, that is, the dimension Lr from the outer diameter surface 11d to the inner diameter surface 11c is 100%, the radial dimension La of the diffusion joint portion 13b on the joint surface 13c is 70% or more and 95% or less. Is included in the range of. Further, the radial dimension Lr-La of the diffusion joint portion 13b on the joint surface 13c is included in the range of 30% or less and 5% or more.
　本実施形態の溶接箇所１３は、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒが７０％以上９５％以下の範囲に含まれることから、溶接箇所１３で盛り上がりが少なくなり、応力集中が生じず、疲労強度を確保することができる。またこの範囲に含まれることにより本実施形態は溶融金属を十分に含み、必要な接合強度を確保することができる。 Since the welded portion 13 of the present embodiment has a melt length ratio La / Lr in the range of 70% or more and 95% or less, the welded portion 13 has less swelling, stress concentration does not occur, and fatigue strength is ensured. can do. Further, by being included in this range, the present embodiment sufficiently contains the molten metal, and the required bonding strength can be ensured.
　上述した実施例１の理解を容易にするため、対比例を説明する。 In order to facilitate the understanding of Example 1 described above, the inverse proportion will be described.
　図８は対比例１の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。対比例１のリング部１１１では、拡散接合部１３ｂが接合面１３ｃの全体を占め、外径面１１ｄから内径面１１ｃまで及ぶ。つまり溶接箇所１３は溶融接合部を含まない（溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％）。また拡散接合部１３ｂは外径面１１ｄで盛り上がるが内径面１１ｃで盛り上がらない。 FIG. 8 is a digital image showing a welded portion of inverse proportion 1. In the ring portion 111 having a inverse proportion 1, the diffusion joint portion 13b occupies the entire joint surface 13c and extends from the outer diameter surface 11d to the inner diameter surface 11c. That is, the welded portion 13 does not include the melt joint (melt length ratio La / Lr = 0%). Further, the diffusion joint portion 13b rises on the outer diameter surface 11d but does not rise on the inner diameter surface 11c.
　図９は対比例２の溶接箇所を示すデジタル画像である。対比例１のリング部１１２では、溶融接合部１３ａが接合面１３ｃの全体を占め、外径面１１ｄから内径面１１ｃまで及ぶ。溶接箇所１３は拡散接合部を含まない（溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝１００％）。溶融接合部１３ａの周方向寸法は、外径側ほど大きくなることから、軸線方向からみた形状が当脚台形になる。また溶融接合部１３ａは外径面１１ｄおよび内径面１１ｃで盛り上がる。 FIG. 9 is a digital image showing a welded portion of inverse proportion 2. In the ring portion 112 having a inverse proportion of 1, the melt joint portion 13a occupies the entire joint surface 13c and extends from the outer diameter surface 11d to the inner diameter surface 11c. The welded portion 13 does not include the diffusion joint (melt length ratio La / Lr = 100%). Since the circumferential dimension of the melt joint portion 13a becomes larger toward the outer diameter side, the shape seen from the axial direction becomes a trapezoidal shape. Further, the melt joint portion 13a rises on the outer diameter surface 11d and the inner diameter surface 11c.
　実施例１の試験体の溶接箇所１３と、対比例１の試験体の溶接箇所１３と、対比例２の試験体の溶接箇所１３で疲労強度試験を行った。なお盛り上がりによる応力集中が生じないよう、リング部内径を構成する円弧に対して内径面１１ｃの盛り上がりを０．３ｍｍ以下になるように各試験体を作成した。またこれらの母材についても疲労強度試験を行い、疲労限度を測定した。疲労限度とは、１０００万回以上の繰り返し荷重（本試験では片振り曲げ荷重）を試験体に付与しても破損しない応力をいい、繰り返し荷重から求められる。疲労強度の指標を疲労限度とした。これら試験体として、外径２２ｍｍ、内径１４ｍｍ、幅１４ｍｍのＭ形溶接保持器を準備した。リング部の軸方向寸法（母材板厚）は０．７ｍｍである。材質はＪＩＳ－ＳＣＭ４１５とし、溶接後に浸炭焼入焼戻を施した。浸炭焼入焼戻後、硬さが５１３Ｈｖになる表面からの深さ（有効硬化層深さ）は０．０６ｍｍであり、表面硬さは約６００Ｈｖである。リング部の測定結果を表１に示す。 A fatigue strength test was performed at the welded portion 13 of the test piece of Example 1, the welded part 13 of the test piece of inverse proportion 1, and the welded portion 13 of the test piece of inverse proportion 2. Each test piece was prepared so that the swelling of the inner diameter surface 11c was 0.3 mm or less with respect to the arc constituting the inner diameter of the ring portion so that stress concentration due to the swelling did not occur. Fatigue strength tests were also conducted on these base materials to measure the fatigue limit. The fatigue limit is a stress that does not break even when a repeated load of 10 million times or more (one-sided bending load in this test) is applied to the test piece, and is obtained from the repeated load. The index of fatigue strength was used as the fatigue limit. As these test pieces, an M-shaped weld cage having an outer diameter of 22 mm, an inner diameter of 14 mm, and a width of 14 mm was prepared. The axial dimension (base material plate thickness) of the ring portion is 0.7 mm. The material was JIS-SCM415, and after welding, charcoal-burning and tempering were performed. After charcoal-burning and tempering, the depth from the surface where the hardness becomes 513 Hv (effective cured layer depth) is 0.06 mm, and the surface hardness is about 600 Hv. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the ring portion.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　実施例１では、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒが７０％であり、疲労限度は８７９ＭＰａであった。対比例１では、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒが０％であり、疲労限度は４０１ＭＰａであった。対比例２では、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒが１００％であり、疲労限度は８２３ＭＰａであった。なお母材の疲労限度は８３７ＭＰａであった。以上より、実施例１によれば、母材と同等以上の疲労限度を得ることができることがわかった。 In Example 1, the melt length ratio La / Lr was 70%, and the fatigue limit was 879 MPa. In inverse proportion 1, the melt length ratio La / Lr was 0%, and the fatigue limit was 401 MPa. In inverse proportion 2, the melt length ratio La / Lr was 100%, and the fatigue limit was 823 MPa. The fatigue limit of the base metal was 837 MPa. From the above, it was found that according to Example 1, a fatigue limit equal to or higher than that of the base metal can be obtained.
　次に、溶接箇所１３のデジタル画像を画像処理して溶接箇所１３の溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒを求める方法につき説明する。 Next, a method of performing image processing on the digital image of the welded portion 13 to obtain the melt length ratio La / Lr of the welded portion 13 will be described.
　図１０は、本実施形態の実施例２に関し、実施例２の溶接箇所１３を示すデジタル画像であり、図４中、軸線Ｏに直角な断面ＶＩＩでリング部１１を切断し、この切断面を所定の条件で硝酸アルコール溶液に浸漬して変色させ、撮影したものである。 FIG. 10 is a digital image showing the welded portion 13 of the second embodiment with respect to the second embodiment of the present embodiment. In FIG. 4, the ring portion 11 is cut at a cross section VII perpendicular to the axis O, and the cut surface is cut. The image was taken by immersing it in an alcohol nitrate solution under predetermined conditions to discolor it.
　図１０中、溶融接合部をデジタル画像処理により判別するため、画像処理ソフトウェアImageJを用いて画像処理を行った。図１１は、図１０の画像を８ビットグレースケールに変換した画像である。図１２は、図１１の画像中央部を切り抜いた拡大画像である。図１３は、図１２の画像にヒストグラム平坦化処理を施した画像である。図１４は、図１３の画像の空間周波数においてローパスフィルタを掛け、高周波ノイズをカットした画像である。このローパスフィルタは、ImageJのバンドパスフィルタにおいて低周波成分を１０００ピクセル、高周波成分を２０ピクセルの範囲に設定したものである。図１５は、図１４の画像にヒストグラム平坦化処理を施した画像である。図１６は、図１５の画像に２値化処理を施した画像であり、ImageJのThreshold設定において、黒側閾値２０、白側閾値１８０とした。このようにして溶融接合部１３ａおよびリング部１１以外の空間を白、それ以外を黒とする画像（図１６）を得た。そして溶融接合部１３ａの径方向寸法Ｌａと、溶接箇所１３の径方向寸法Ｌｒを計測した。 In FIG. 10, in order to discriminate the molten junction by digital image processing, image processing was performed using image processing software ImageJ. FIG. 11 is an image obtained by converting the image of FIG. 10 into an 8-bit gray scale. FIG. 12 is an enlarged image obtained by cutting out the central portion of the image of FIG. FIG. 13 is an image obtained by subjecting the image of FIG. 12 to a histogram flattening process. FIG. 14 is an image obtained by applying a low-pass filter at the spatial frequency of the image of FIG. 13 to cut high frequency noise. This low-pass filter is an ImageJ bandpass filter in which the low-frequency component is set in the range of 1000 pixels and the high-frequency component is set in the range of 20 pixels. FIG. 15 is an image obtained by subjecting the image of FIG. 14 to a histogram flattening process. FIG. 16 is an image obtained by subjecting the image of FIG. 15 to binarization processing, and the black side threshold value 20 and the white side threshold value 180 are set in the Threshold setting of ImageJ. In this way, an image (FIG. 16) was obtained in which the spaces other than the melt-bonded portion 13a and the ring portion 11 were white and the rest were black. Then, the radial dimension La of the melt joint portion 13a and the radial dimension Lr of the welded portion 13 were measured.
　上述した手順により、別な実施例３の画像（図１７）を得た。そして溶融接合部１３ａの径方向寸法Ｌａと、溶接箇所１３の径方向寸法Ｌｒを計測した。別な実施例３では、リング部１１の外径面を研削してリング部外径面に倣うよう円弧形状に整えてある。これに対し実施例２では、図１６に示すように、リング部１１の外径面に対し溶接箇所の外周面が盛り上がっている。 Another image of Example 3 (FIG. 17) was obtained by the above procedure. Then, the radial dimension La of the melt joint portion 13a and the radial dimension Lr of the welded portion 13 were measured. In another third embodiment, the outer diameter surface of the ring portion 11 is ground to form an arc shape so as to imitate the outer diameter surface of the ring portion. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the outer peripheral surface of the welded portion is raised with respect to the outer diameter surface of the ring portion 11.
　なお実施例２および実施例３には、溶接接合後に浸炭焼入焼戻を施してある。リング部１１表面に沿う浸炭部が黒色を呈するため、図１６および図１７中、白色の溶融接合部１３ａが見かけ上減少するが、実施例２および実施例３で外径面から溶融を開始するので黒色の外径面浸炭部は溶融領域である。このため図１６および図１７において、溶融接合部１３ａの径方向寸法Ｌａは、リング部１１の外径面を始点として計測してよい。 In Example 2 and Example 3, charcoal-burning and tempering were performed after welding and joining. Since the carburized portion along the surface of the ring portion 11 is black, the white melt-joined portion 13a apparently decreases in FIGS. 16 and 17, but melting is started from the outer diameter surface in Examples 2 and 3. Therefore, the black outer diameter carburized portion is a molten region. Therefore, in FIGS. 16 and 17, the radial dimension La of the melt-bonded portion 13a may be measured with the outer diameter surface of the ring portion 11 as a starting point.
　次に溶接不良の検出方法について説明する。 Next, the method of detecting welding defects will be described.
　試験体として、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％の溶接保持器を、浸炭焼入焼戻なし、浸炭焼入焼戻あり、で準備し、表面硬さ、引張強さ、および両振り疲労限度を溶接箇所とそれ以外の母材においてそれぞれ測定した。また試験体として、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝７０％の溶接保持器を、浸炭焼入焼戻あり、で準備し、表面硬さ、引張強さ、および両振り疲労限度を溶接箇所において測定した。また試験体として、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝１００％の溶接保持器を、浸炭焼入焼戻あり、で準備し、表面硬さ、引張強さ、および両振り疲労限度を溶接箇所において測定した。これらの測定結果を表２に示す。 As a test piece, a weld cage with a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 0% was prepared with no carburizing and tempering tempering and with carburizing and quenching tempering, and surface hardness, tensile strength, and double swing fatigue. Limits were measured at the weld and at the rest of the base metal, respectively. As a test piece, a weld cage with a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 70% was prepared with carburizing and tempering, and the surface hardness, tensile strength, and double swing fatigue limit were measured at the welded part. did. As a test piece, a weld cage with a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 100% was prepared with carburizing and tempering, and the surface hardness, tensile strength, and double swing fatigue limit were measured at the welded part. did. The results of these measurements are shown in Table 2.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
表２を参照して、溶接後かつ浸炭焼入焼戻前の表面硬さは、溶接箇所（４１３Ｈｖ）が母材（１８０Ｈｖ）の２．３倍である。この理由として、母材の端部同士を溶接して空気中に放置すると、溶接箇所の表面が冷却されて硬化するためである。次に浸炭焼入焼戻を施すと、溶接箇所（６０５Ｈｖ）が母材（６０３Ｈｖ）と同等になる。 With reference to Table 2, the surface hardness after welding and before charcoal-burning and tempering is 2.3 times that of the base metal (180 Hv) at the welded portion (413 Hv). The reason for this is that when the ends of the base metal are welded together and left in the air, the surface of the welded portion is cooled and hardened. Next, when charcoal-burning and tempering are performed, the welded portion (605 Hv) becomes equivalent to that of the base metal (603 Hv).
　溶接箇所の溶融状態（溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒが０％、７０％、１００％、および熱影響を受けていない母材）に関する引張強さ、および浸炭焼入焼戻前後に関する引張強さについて説明する。引張試験は、図７を参照して、リング部１１から溶接箇所１３および周方向両側の母材１５を含む領域を切り出し、接合面１３ｃに垂直な方向の引張荷重を切り出した試験片に付与して、溶接箇所の引張荷重を計測した。また母材１５のみを切り出し、母材１５の引張荷重を計測した。引張強さは、試験片が破断するまでの最大引張荷重を、リング部の非溶接箇所（つまり母材）の断面積で除した値とした。断面積は、リング部１１の周方向に直交する平坦な切断面の面積である。 Tensile strength related to the molten state of the weld (melt length ratio La / Lr is 0%, 70%, 100%, and base metal not affected by heat), and tensile strength before and after carburizing, quenching, and tempering. explain. In the tensile test, referring to FIG. 7, a region including the welded portion 13 and the base metal 15 on both sides in the circumferential direction is cut out from the ring portion 11, and a tensile load in the direction perpendicular to the joint surface 13c is applied to the cut out test piece. Then, the tensile load at the weld was measured. Further, only the base material 15 was cut out, and the tensile load of the base material 15 was measured. The tensile strength was the value obtained by dividing the maximum tensile load until the test piece broke by the cross-sectional area of the non-welded portion (that is, the base metal) of the ring portion. The cross-sectional area is the area of a flat cut surface orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the ring portion 11.
　溶接後かつ浸炭焼入焼戻前で、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％の試験片では、溶接箇所の引張強さ（５５５ＭＰａ）が母材の引張強さ（４６６ＭＰａ）よりも大きい。この理由として、溶接箇所の表面硬さ（４１３Ｈｖ）が母材の表面硬さ（１８０Ｈｖ）よりも大きいからと考えられる。一方、浸炭焼入焼戻後の溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％の試験片では、溶接箇所の表面硬さ（６０５Ｈｖ）が母材の表面硬さ（６０３Ｈｖ）と同等となるが、引張強さは溶接箇所（８９３ＭＰａ）のほうが母材（１１８５ＭＰａ）よりも小さい。したがって浸炭焼入焼戻前の試験片で引張試験を行っても、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％の溶接保持器の疲労限度の低下を検出することはできない。 After welding and before charcoal-burning and tempering, the tensile strength (555 MPa) of the welded portion is larger than the tensile strength (466 MPa) of the base metal in the test piece having a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 0%. It is considered that the reason for this is that the surface hardness (413Hv) of the welded portion is larger than the surface hardness (180Hv) of the base metal. On the other hand, in the test piece having a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 0% after carburizing, quenching and tempering, the surface hardness (605Hv) of the welded portion is equivalent to the surface hardness (603Hv) of the base metal, but the tensile strength. The strength of the welded part (893 MPa) is smaller than that of the base metal (1185 MPa). Therefore, even if a tensile test is performed on a test piece before charcoal-burning and tempering, it is not possible to detect a decrease in the fatigue limit of a weld cage having a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 0%.
　表２より、浸炭焼入焼戻後の溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％の試験片では、溶接箇所の表面硬さ（６０５Ｈｖ）が母材の表面硬さ（６０３Ｈｖ）と同等となる。引張強さに関し、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝０％の溶接箇所は母材よりも小さく、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝１００％の溶接箇所は母材よりも大きい。両振り疲労限度は引張強さと同様の傾向を示す。 From Table 2, in the test piece having a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 0% after charcoal-burning and tempering, the surface hardness (605 Hv) of the welded portion is equivalent to the surface hardness (603 Hv) of the base metal. Regarding the tensile strength, the welded portion having a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 0% is smaller than the base metal, and the welded portion having a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 100% is larger than the base metal. The double swing fatigue limit shows the same tendency as the tensile strength.
　表２より、引張試験によって疲労限度の低下を検出するには、溶接箇所の表面硬さ（ビッカース硬さ）が母材の表面硬さ（ビッカース硬さ）の９０％以上１１０％以下であることが好ましい。 From Table 2, in order to detect a decrease in the fatigue limit by a tensile test, the surface hardness (Vickers hardness) of the welded part must be 90% or more and 110% or less of the surface hardness (Vickers hardness) of the base metal. Is preferable.
　熱処理について説明すると、熱処理には、例えば、ズブ焼入、浸炭焼入、浸炭窒化、高周波焼入、レーザ焼入、等がある。本実施形態の溶接保持器には浸炭焼入以外の熱処理が施されてもよい。曲げ疲労強度を大きくするためには、浸炭焼入や浸炭窒化を施すとよく、溶接保持器の表面硬さは６００Ｈｖ以上が望ましい。 Explaining the heat treatment, the heat treatment includes, for example, subbu quenching, carburizing quenching, carburizing nitriding, induction hardening, laser quenching, and the like. The weld cage of the present embodiment may be subjected to a heat treatment other than carburizing and quenching. In order to increase the bending fatigue strength, carburizing and quenching or carburizing and nitriding may be performed, and the surface hardness of the weld cage is preferably 600 Hv or more.
　溶接箇所でリング部の内径面１１ｃ（あるいは外径面１１ｄ）が盛り上がることを抑制する観点から、溶融金属量が過度に大きくなることを抑制すべきである。このため本実施形態では、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝９５％以下であることが望ましい。 From the viewpoint of suppressing the swelling of the inner diameter surface 11c (or outer diameter surface 11d) of the ring portion at the welded portion, it should be suppressed that the amount of molten metal becomes excessively large. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is desirable that the melt length ratio is La / Lr = 95% or less.
　溶接箇所の疲労限度を母材同等に高めるためには、溶接箇所の引張強さが母材のそれと同等であることが望ましく、より好ましくは１１００ＭＰａ以上であることが望ましい。また浸炭焼入焼戻といった熱処理を溶接保持器に施して溶接保持器（溶接箇所および母材）の表面硬さを６００Ｈｖ以上とすることが望ましい。 In order to raise the fatigue limit of the welded portion to the same level as that of the base metal, it is desirable that the tensile strength of the welded portion is equivalent to that of the base metal, and more preferably 1100 MPa or more. Further, it is desirable to apply a heat treatment such as carburizing, quenching and tempering to the weld cage to make the surface hardness of the weld cage (welded portion and base metal) 600 Hv or more.
　特に、溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝７０％の溶接箇所は母材と同等であり、両振り疲労限度は０％および１００％の溶接箇所よりも大きい。これにより溶融長さ率Ｌａ／Ｌｒ＝７０％は０％および１００％よりも疲労限度に優れていることが理解される。　 In particular, the welded portion with a melt length ratio of La / Lr = 70% is equivalent to the base metal, and the double swing fatigue limit is larger than the welded portion of 0% and 100%. From this, it is understood that the melt length ratio La / Lr = 70% is superior to the fatigue limit than 0% and 100%. It was
　以上、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、本発明は、図示した実施の形態のものに限定されない。図示した実施の形態に対して、本発明と同一の範囲内において、あるいは均等の範囲内において、種々の修正や変形を加えることが可能である。例えば上述した１の実施形態から一部の構成を抜き出し、上述した他の実施形態から他の一部の構成を抜き出し、これら抜き出された構成を組み合わせてもよい。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to those of the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and modifications can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same range as the present invention or within the same range. For example, a part of the configurations may be extracted from the above-mentioned one embodiment, another part of the configurations may be extracted from the above-mentioned other embodiments, and these extracted configurations may be combined.
　本発明は、自転しながら公転する転がり軸受の自転中心において有利に利用される。 The present invention is advantageously used in the center of rotation of a rolling bearing that revolves while rotating.
　１０　ころ軸受用溶接保持器、　　　１１，１１１，１１２　リング部、　　　１１ｃ　内径面、　　　１１ｄ　外径面、　　　１１ｓ　リング部素材、　　　１３　溶接箇所、　　　１３ａ　溶融接合部、　　　１３ｂ　拡散接合部、　　　１３ｃ　接合面、　　　１３ｓ　スラント端部、　　　１４　熱影響部、　　　１５　母材、　　　１６　柱部、　　　１６ｍ　ポケット面、　　　１７，１８　ころ止め部、　　　１９　ポケット、　　　Ｌａ　溶融接合部の径方向寸法、　　　Ｌｒ　溶接箇所の径方向寸法、　　　Ｌａ／Ｌｒ　溶融長さ率、　　　Ｏ　軸線。 10 Welding cage for roller bearings, 11,111,112 ring part, 11c inner diameter surface, 11d outer diameter surface, 11s ring part material, 13 welding points, 13a melt joint part, 13b diffusion joint part, 13c joint surface, 13s slant End, 14 heat-affected zone, 15 base metal, 16 pillar, 16 m pocket surface, 17, 18 roller stopper, 19 pocket, La melt joint radial dimension, Lr welded radial dimension, La / Lr Weld length ratio, O axis.

Claims (8)

  1. 　周方向に延びる母材と、前記母材の一端および他端が溶接によって互いに接合されてなる溶接箇所を備え、前記母材に周方向に間隔をあけて複数形成されるポケットでころを保持する溶接保持器であって、
    　前記溶接箇所は、径方向一方側の溶融接合部および径方向他方側の拡散接合部を含み、
    　前記溶融接合部の径方向寸法が前記溶接箇所の径方向寸法の７０％以上９５％以下である、ころ軸受用溶接保持器。     A base material extending in the circumferential direction and a welded portion in which one end and the other end of the base material are joined to each other by welding are provided, and the rollers are held by pockets formed in the base material at intervals in the circumferential direction. It ’s a welding cage,
    The weld includes a melt joint on one side in the radial direction and a diffusion joint on the other side in the radial direction.
    A weld cage for roller bearings in which the radial dimension of the molten joint is 70% or more and 95% or less of the radial dimension of the welded portion.
  2. 　前記溶融接合部は前記溶接箇所の外径面に沿って位置し、前記拡散接合部は前記溶接箇所の内径面に沿って位置する、請求項１に記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器。 The weld cage for roller bearings according to claim 1, wherein the melt joint portion is located along the outer diameter surface of the welded portion, and the diffusion joint portion is located along the inner diameter surface of the welded portion.
  3. 　前記溶接箇所の内径面の盛り上がり量が、前記母材の内径面を基準として０．３ｍｍ以下である、請求項１または２に記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器。 The weld cage for roller bearings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of swelling of the inner diameter surface of the welded portion is 0.3 mm or less with respect to the inner diameter surface of the base metal.
  4. 　前記溶接箇所の外径面に研磨加工が施され、前記溶接箇所の外径面は前記母材の外径面と同一の曲率を有する、請求項１～３のいずれかに記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器。 The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outer diameter surface of the welded portion is polished and the outer diameter surface of the welded portion has the same curvature as the outer diameter surface of the base metal. Welding cage.
  5. 　前記溶接箇所は、浸炭焼入焼戻処理を施されることにより、表面硬さが６００Ｈｖ以上であり、引張強さが１１００ＭＰａ以上である、請求項１～４のいずれかに記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器。 The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the welded portion is subjected to charcoal-burning and tempering treatment to have a surface hardness of 600 Hv or more and a tensile strength of 1100 MPa or more. Welding cage.
  6. 　請求項１～５のいずれかに記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器と、前記ポケットに保持されるころとを具備する、保持器付きころ。 A roller with a cage, comprising the weld cage for roller bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a roller held in the pocket.
  7. 　請求項１～４のいずれかに記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器に対し研磨加工を施すことによって前記溶接箇所に断面を作成し、
    　前記断面を硝酸アルコール溶液で腐食させた後にデジタル画像を撮影し、
    　前記デジタル画像を、デジタル画像処理して、前記溶融接合部とそれ以外の部分との境界を判別する、溶融接合部の判別方法。     A cross section is created at the welded portion by polishing the weld cage for roller bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
    After corroding the cross section with an alcohol nitrate solution, a digital image was taken.
    A method for discriminating a fused joint portion, wherein the digital image is digitally image-processed to determine a boundary between the fused joint portion and a portion other than the molten joint portion.
  8. 　請求項１～４のいずれかに記載のころ軸受用溶接保持器に対し熱処理を施し、
    　前記熱処理の後に前記溶接箇所を破断させる引張試験を実行し、前記引張試験によって測定される前記溶接箇所の引張強さが所定範囲以内かどうかを確認する、ころ軸受用溶接保持器の品質確認方法。     The weld cage for roller bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is heat-treated.
    A method for confirming the quality of a weld cage for roller bearings, in which a tensile test for breaking the welded portion is executed after the heat treatment, and whether or not the tensile strength of the welded portion measured by the tensile test is within a predetermined range. ..
PCT/JP2021/034272 2020-09-24 2021-09-17 Welded cage for roller bearing, roller with cage, method for discriminating welded junction portion, and method for examining quality of welded cage for roller bearing WO2022065223A1 (en)

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JP2020159359A JP2022052861A (en) 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Welding holder for roller bearing, roller with holder and method for inspecting welding holder for bearing
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01299785A (en) * 1988-05-25 1989-12-04 Nkk Corp Manufacture of electric resistance welded tube of small diameter and thick wall
JPH07108383A (en) * 1993-10-12 1995-04-25 Shinko Alcoa Yuso Kizai Kk Manufacture of welding tube stock for aluminum wheel
JP2001205449A (en) * 2000-01-21 2001-07-31 Nippon Steel Corp Joined structure of steel and titanium plate and joining method
JP2007064391A (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-15 Ntn Corp Piston pin support structure of engine, crankshaft support structure of engine, and two-cycle engine
JP2009270655A (en) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-19 Jtekt Corp Manufacturing method of rolling element retainer
JP2013007435A (en) * 2011-06-24 2013-01-10 Jtekt Corp Welded cage for roller bearing
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WO2019131813A1 (en) * 2017-12-27 2019-07-04 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Electric-resistance-welded steel pipe and manufacturing method for electric-resistance-welded steel pipe

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