WO2022062269A1 - 环形凸透镜及高效轻型太阳能热水器 - Google Patents

环形凸透镜及高效轻型太阳能热水器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062269A1
WO2022062269A1 PCT/CN2021/000034 CN2021000034W WO2022062269A1 WO 2022062269 A1 WO2022062269 A1 WO 2022062269A1 CN 2021000034 W CN2021000034 W CN 2021000034W WO 2022062269 A1 WO2022062269 A1 WO 2022062269A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar water
convex lens
annular convex
water heater
focusing function
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PCT/CN2021/000034
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王振国
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王振国
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Publication date
Application filed by 王振国 filed Critical 王振国
Priority to JP2023514978A priority Critical patent/JP2023542089A/ja
Publication of WO2022062269A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062269A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the category of solar water heaters.
  • Glass vacuum tube solar water heaters are bulky and heavy, so they cannot be placed indoors, nor should they be installed on the exterior wall. It is difficult to use due to a series of problems such as too long pipelines and limited roof area; although there is also a solar water heater with a separate water tank and vacuum tube collector on the market, the vacuum tube collector is hung on the wall, but due to the vacuum tube collector Due to the limitation of thermal efficiency, the effect of using solar energy for heating is not ideal. There is also a flat glass curtain heat collection structure, although it can also be installed on the outer wall, but because it does not have a focusing function, the effect of using solar energy for heating is also poor. With the acceleration of urbanization, there are more and more high-rise residents, and a large number of building residents have not been able to use solar water heaters.
  • the vacuum tube is cylindrical, so it only has a certain function of focusing and collecting heat in the lateral direction, and has no focusing function in the longitudinal direction.
  • an annular convex lens (see Figure 1) is invented.
  • the inner hole matches the outer diameter of the vacuum tube.
  • the focal length of the longitudinal section is equal to or close to the outer radius of the annular convex lens.
  • the lighting characteristics of the annular convex lens are highly matched with the spatial movement trajectory of the sun, and the angle between the vacuum tube and the wall facade can be greatly reduced, or even zero, because the sun is in the best lighting position in the morning and afternoon, and can obtain High-efficiency heat collection (see Figure 4), so as long as the sun is in the sun for a long enough time in a day, it can meet the needs of heat collection and heating.
  • the initial temperature of water is the lowest, and the angle between the sun's rays and the axis of the collector is also the largest, and the effect of lighting and heat collection is also the best (see Figure 5).
  • the heater is lightweight and can be installed on the facade, so that high-rise residents can also use solar water heaters, which can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions and protect the environment.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the annular convex lens
  • FIG. 2 Schematic diagram of focusing in longitudinal section of annular convex lens
  • FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of the collector after the annular convex lens and the vacuum tube are assembled
  • FIG. 4 Schematic diagram of the heat collection effect and the change of the sun's position at different time periods in a day
  • FIG. 5 Schematic diagram of heat collection effect in different seasons
  • the material of the annular convex lens can be tempered glass.
  • the production technology of glass products similar to the annular convex lens in this case is mature, and there is no difficult problem.
  • the production technology of vacuum tubes and other accessories is mature technology, and there is no difficult problem. Due to the improved heat collection efficiency, vacuum tubes of different lengths, that is, different powers, should be produced to adapt to different sunshine conditions. Attention should be paid to the selection and installation, so as to be able to heat the water, the design between the water distribution box and the water tank should be Adequate convection channels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

环形凸透镜及高效轻型太阳能热水器，属太阳能热水器类，特征是将具有纵向聚焦功能的环形透光圈套在玻璃真空管上，使仅有横向聚焦功能的真空管集热器同时具有纵向聚焦功能，集热效率成数倍增加，同时与太阳光源的空间移动具有高度的适配性，不仅可以使得真空管集热器轻型化小型化，还可以实现紧贴着外墙立面安装而依旧保持较高的采光集热供热能力，从而实现广大楼房住户也能够使用太阳能热水器，可以有效地减少二氧化碳的排放。

Description

环形凸透镜及高效轻型太阳能热水器 一.技术领域
本发明属太阳能热水器类。
二.背景技术
玻璃真空管太阳能热水器体积庞大，分量重，既无法放置在室内，也不宜安装在外墙立面，只适用于住在平房或楼房顶层的住户，广大楼房非顶层住户因屋顶到室内的距离较大、管路过长以及屋顶面积有限等一系列问题而难以使用；虽然市面上也有一种水箱与真空管集热器分体式的太阳能热水器，真空管集热器外挂在墙上，但由于受真空管集热器集热效率的限制，利用太阳能供热的效果并不理想。还有一种是平板玻璃幕式集热结构，虽然也可以安装在外墙面，却因其不具有聚焦功能，利用太阳能供热的效果同样不佳。随着城市化进程的加快，高楼住户越来越多，而大量的楼房住户都未能用上太阳能热水器。
三.发明内容
真空管是圆柱形，因此只在横向具有一定的聚焦集热功能，而纵向并没有聚焦功能。本案发明了一种环形凸透镜(见附图1)，内孔与真空管外径相匹配，纵向截面焦距等于或接近于环形凸透镜外圆半径，当太阳光线透过环形凸透镜就会聚焦成点状焦点(见附图2)，将如此一批同样大小的环形凸透镜如图套在真空管外表面(见附图3)，这样一来，既保持了横向聚焦还实现了纵向聚焦，焦点处的照度就会比单纯真空管聚焦带提高数倍甚至十数倍，从而集热效率比单纯真空管集热器也就提高了数倍，这样就可以大幅减少真空管集热器的总长度，实现集热器小型化轻型化。同时，环形凸透镜采光特性与太阳的空间移动轨迹高度匹配，真空管与墙立面的夹角可以大幅减小，甚至可以零夹角，因为上午和下午太阳都处在采光最佳的位置，可以获得高效集热(见附图4)，所以只要一天之中照晒的时间足够长，就能够满足集热供热需要。冬天时水的初始温度最低，而太阳光线与集热器轴线夹角也最大，采光集热效果也最好(见附图5)，所以依旧能通过太阳能满足供热需求，从而实现了集热器轻型化并可安装于外墙立面，实现了高楼住户也能用上太阳能热水器，可以有效地减少二氧化碳排放，保护环境。
四.附图说明
图1环形凸透镜结构示意图
图2环形凸透镜纵向截面聚焦示意图
图3环形凸透镜与真空管组装后集热器示意图
图4一天之中不同时间段的集热效果与太阳位置变化示意图
图5不同季节的集热效果示意图
五.具体实施方式
环形凸透镜材质可以是钢化玻璃，目前类似本案环形凸透镜的玻璃制品生产技术已经成熟，不存在难以实现的问题，真空管及其他配件的生产技术则均为成熟技术，不存在难以实现的问题。由于集热效率提高了，所以应生产出不同长度即不同功率的真空管以适应不同日照条件场合，在选型和安装时需要注意，以能够把水加热为宜，分水匣与水箱之间应设计足够的对流通道。

Claims (2)

  1. 环形凸透镜，特征是纵向具有聚焦功能的环形透光圈，用于太阳能热水器套在玻璃真空管上并与真空管配合起聚焦集热作用。
  2. 轻型高效太阳能热水器，特征是运用权利要求1所述的环形凸透镜及该技术的太阳能热水器。
PCT/CN2021/000034 2020-09-23 2021-03-02 环形凸透镜及高效轻型太阳能热水器 WO2022062269A1 (zh)

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CN201177397Y (zh) * 2008-03-20 2009-01-07 程永立 一种太阳能真空管
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