WO2022062250A1 - 一种球形蒸汽蓄热器 - Google Patents

一种球形蒸汽蓄热器 Download PDF

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WO2022062250A1
WO2022062250A1 PCT/CN2020/140766 CN2020140766W WO2022062250A1 WO 2022062250 A1 WO2022062250 A1 WO 2022062250A1 CN 2020140766 W CN2020140766 W CN 2020140766W WO 2022062250 A1 WO2022062250 A1 WO 2022062250A1
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steam
spherical
pipe
micro
circulation
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PCT/CN2020/140766
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周平
阮祥志
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中冶南方工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022062250A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062250A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D3/00—Accumulators for preheated water
    • F22D3/04—Accumulators for preheated water combined with steam accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of steam heat accumulators, in particular to a spherical steam heat accumulator.
  • a steam accumulator is a vessel for storing steam that uses the phase change of water to store and release steam.
  • the steam accumulator is generally used to balance the fluctuation of the steam flow of the steam production or equipment.
  • the excess steam produced by the boiler is stored in the regenerator.
  • the regenerator releases heat to supplement the insufficient steam supply of the boiler to meet the requirements of the equipment. steam.
  • each regenerator is equipped with a steam inlet heating system, Auxiliary systems such as heat release and exhaust system, water replenishment system, drainage system, steam release system, etc., multiple heat accumulators lead to a very large number of auxiliary systems, high maintenance workload and hardware cost.
  • 10 sets of 150m The 3 -horizontal cylindrical heat accumulator covers an area of 2400m 2 , occupying a lot of valuable land resources.
  • the utility model aims to provide a spherical steam heat accumulator with small footprint and efficient heating.
  • a spherical steam heat accumulator includes a bracket and a hollow spherical shell installed on the bracket, the upper pole of the spherical shell is equipped with a steam inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe, and the lower pole of the spherical shell is equipped with an inlet tube.
  • a water pipe, a circulation pipe connected to the steam inlet pipe is installed in the spherical shell, a plurality of micro-spray components are also installed on the circulation pipe, each micro-spray component includes a micro-spray head, and the micro-spray head is connected to the circulation pipe.
  • a connecting pipe is used to communicate between them, and the micro-spray head is installed with a plurality of micro-nozzles, and a circulation cylinder covering the micro-spray head, the upper part of the circulation cylinder is a closed closed end, and the lower part is an open end.
  • peripheral wall of the circulating cylinder is in the shape of a bell mouth that gradually increases from top to bottom.
  • circulation pipes are arranged in the spherical shell in at least two layers, and the circulation pipes of each layer are arranged in a serpentine manner.
  • the front end of the steam outlet pipe is also provided with a steam-water separation device.
  • a pressure relief pipe and a steam exhaust pipe are also installed on the upper pole of the spherical shell.
  • a sewage pipe is also installed on the lower pole of the spherical shell.
  • the spherical steam heat accumulator Compared with the existing horizontal cylindrical heat accumulator, the spherical steam heat accumulator provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
  • the circulating cylinder is used to circulate the water around the nozzle, the circulation effect is good, and high heat exchange efficiency can be achieved.
  • the floor area is the smallest.
  • the structure of the micro-spray assembly is simple, easy to install, convenient for maintenance, and has a long service life.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a spherical steam regenerator.
  • Figure 2 shows the layout of one of the circulation pipes.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a microspray assembly.
  • this embodiment provides a spherical steam heat accumulator, which includes a bracket 1 , a hollow spherical shell 2 mounted on the bracket 1 .
  • the upper pole of the spherical shell 2 is equipped with a steam inlet pipe 21 , a steam outlet pipe 22 , a pressure relief pipe 23 and a steam exhaust pipe 24
  • the lower pole of the spherical shell 2 is equipped with a water inlet pipe 25 and a sewage pipe 26 .
  • the safety valve on the pressure relief pipe 23 When the pressure in the spherical shell 2 exceeds the allowable design pressure, the safety valve on the pressure relief pipe 23 will be automatically opened, the steam in the spherical shell 2 will be released to the atmosphere to reduce the pressure, and the exhaust pipe 24 can also be opened manually. The valve on the upper part releases steam to reduce the pressure and realize the safe operation of the spherical steam accumulator.
  • the spherical steam regenerator operates for a period of time, the dirt in the spherical shell 2 can be discharged through the sewage pipe 26 .
  • a circulating pipe 3 (usually a steel pipe) is installed in the spherical shell 2 in communication with the steam inlet pipe 21.
  • the circulating pipe 3 is arranged in the middle and lower part of the spherical shell 2 in a multi-layered manner. Below the lowest water level A of the spherical steam regenerator.
  • the circulation pipes 3 of each layer are arranged in a substantially serpentine manner, thereby increasing the stroke of the circulation pipes 3 at each layer.
  • the circulation pipe 3 is fixedly installed in the spherical shell 2 by the support device 31 .
  • a plurality of micro-spray assemblies 4 are also installed on the circulation pipes 3 of each layer, and each micro-spray assembly 4 includes a micro-spray head 41 , and the micro-spray head 41 is communicated with the circulation pipe 3 through a connecting pipe 42 .
  • the micro-spray heads 41 A plurality of micro-nozzles 43 and a circulation cylinder 44 covering the micro-spray heads 41 are installed on the upper part of the circulation cylinder 44, the upper part of which is a closed closed end, and the lower part is an open end.
  • the micro-spray assemblies 4 are arranged on the circulation pipe 3 at a certain distance according to design requirements, and the number and spacing of the micro-nozzles 43 on each micro-spray head 41 are determined according to the design requirements.
  • the geometrical form of the micro-nozzle 43 can be a first-shrinking-later-expanding nozzle, that is, a Rafael nozzle, a tapered nozzle, or a gradually expanding nozzle, which is calculated and determined according to actual parameters.
  • the peripheral wall of the circulation cylinder 44 is in the shape of a bell mouth that gradually increases from top to bottom, so as to increase the circulation effect of the surrounding water.
  • the front end of the steam outlet pipe 22 is further provided with a steam-water separation device 221 to remove liquid water droplets carried in the steam, so as to achieve a better steam supply effect.
  • the upper and lower poles of the spherical shell 2 are also provided with one-person holes 27 .
  • the water in the spherical shell 2 When the water in the spherical shell 2 is heated to the same temperature as the steam, the water level in the spherical shell 2 will reach the highest water level B, and the pressure will also reach the saturation pressure of 2.5MPa at this temperature. At this time, the spherical steam will store heat The charger is fully charged.
  • the spherical steam heat accumulator Compared with the existing horizontal cylindrical heat accumulator, the spherical steam heat accumulator provided in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
  • the circulating cylinder is used to circulate the water around the nozzle, the circulation effect is good, and high heat exchange efficiency can be achieved.
  • the floor area is the smallest.
  • the structure of the micro-spray assembly is simple, easy to install, convenient for maintenance, and has a long service life.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

一种球形蒸汽蓄热器，包括支架（1）和安装于支架（1）上中空的球形壳体（2），球形壳体（2）的上极安装有进汽管（21）、出汽管（22），球形壳体（2）的下极安装有进水管（25），球形壳体（2）内安装有与进汽管（21）连通设置的循环管道（3），循环管道（3）上还安装有多个微喷组件（4），每一微喷组件（4）都包括一微喷头（41），微喷头（41）与循环管道（3）之间通过一连接管（42）实现连通，微喷头（41）上安装有多个微喷嘴（43），以及将微喷头（41）罩住的一循环筒（44），循环筒（44）的上部为密闭的封闭端、下部开口为敞口端。

Description

一种球形蒸汽蓄热器 技术领域
本实用新型涉及蒸汽蓄热器技术领域，具体是涉及一种球形蒸汽蓄热器。
背景技术
蒸汽蓄热器是一种用于存储蒸汽的容器，它利用水的相变来存储和释放蒸汽。蒸汽蓄热器一般用于平衡产汽或用设备的蒸汽流量波动。当用汽设备负荷减小，锅炉生产的多余蒸汽储存于蓄热器内,当用汽设备负荷增大超过锅炉供汽量时，蓄热器进行放热，补充锅炉供汽不足，满足设备用汽。
目前普遍采用的蒸汽蓄热器大部分为卧式圆筒形蓄热器，由于受到加工、运输条件的限制，圆筒形的蒸汽蓄热器的直径一般不超过3.5m，容积通常也不超过250m 3。许多大型企业为满足生产需求，只能采取并联多台圆筒形蓄热器的使用方式，以便扩大蓄热容积获得更大的蓄热量。多台圆筒形蓄热器并联使用也带来诸如：系统复杂、附件繁多、设备技资高且重复、占地面积大、检修维护量大等缺陷。例如某钢厂转炉炼钢车间建设有6座150t转炉，为利用回收蒸汽而设置了10台容量为150m 3的圆筒形蓄热器，由于每台蓄热器均设有进汽加热系统、放热排汽系统、补水系统、排水系统、蒸汽放散系统等辅助系统，多台蓄热器导致辅助系统数量非常庞杂，维护检修工作量和硬件成本高，此外，更为重要的是10台150m 3卧式圆筒形蓄热器占地面积达到了2400m 2，占用了大量宝贵土地资源。
实用新型内容
本实用新型旨在提供一种占地面积较小、高效加热的球形蒸汽蓄热器。
具体方案如下：
一种球形蒸汽蓄热器，包括支架和安装于支架上中空的球形壳体，所述球形壳体的上极安装有进汽管、出汽管，所述球形壳体的下极安装有进水管，所述球形壳体内安装有与进汽管连通设置的循环管道，所述循环管道上还安装有多个微喷组件，每一微喷组件都包括一微喷头，该微喷头与循环管道之间通过一连接管实现连通，且该微喷头上安装有多个微喷嘴，以及将微喷头罩住的一循环筒，该循环筒的上部为密闭的封闭端、下部开口为敞口端。
进一步的，所述循环筒的周壁为由上往下逐渐增大的喇叭口形状。
进一步的，所述循环管道以至少两层的方式布设于球形壳体内，且每层的循环管道以蛇形的方式进行布设。
进一步的，所述出汽管的前端还设置有汽水分离装置。
进一步的，所述球形壳体的上极还安装有泄压管和排汽管。
进一步的，所述球形壳体的下极还安装有排污管。
本实用新型提供的球形蒸汽蓄热器与现有卧式圆筒形蓄热器相比较具有以下有益效果：
1、采用循环筒来进行喷嘴周围水的循环，循环效果好，可实现高的换热效率。
2、在同等容积情况下，占地面积最小。
3、微喷组件的结构简单，易于安装，方便检修，使用寿命长。
4、同等占地面积下，增加了可用蓄热容积，减少了复杂的蓄热器附属系统。
附图说明
图1示出了球形蒸汽蓄热器的示意图。
图2示出了其中一层循环管道的布设图。
图3示出了微喷组件的示意图。
具体实施方式
为进一步说明各实施例，本实用新型提供有附图。这些附图为本实用新型揭露内容的一部分，其主要用以说明实施例，并可配合说明书的相关描述来解释实施例的运作原理。配合参考这些内容，本领域普通技术人员应能理解其他可能的实施方式以及本实用新型的优点。图中的组件并未按比例绘制，而类似的组件符号通常用来表示类似的组件。
现结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型进一步说明。
如图1-图3所示的，本实施例提供了一种球形蒸汽蓄热器，包括支架1、安装于支架1上、中空的球形壳体2。
其中，球形壳体2的上极安装有进汽管21、出汽管22、泄压管23和排汽管24，球形壳体2的下极安装有进水管25和排污管26。
当球形壳体2内压力超过允许设计压力时，泄压管23上的安全阀将会自动开启，将球形壳体2内的蒸汽放散到大气以降低压力，同时还可人工打开排汽管24上的阀门放出蒸汽来降低压力，实现该球形蒸汽蓄热器的安全运行。当该球形蒸汽蓄热器运行一段时间后，球形壳体2内的污物可通过排污管26排出。
球形壳体2内安装有与进汽管21连通设置的循环管道3(通常为钢管)，该循环管道3以多层的方式间隔布置在球形壳体2内的中下部，所有循环管道3均位于该球形蒸汽蓄热器的最低水位A的下方。其中每层的循环管道3以大致呈蛇形的方式布设，从而增加在每层循环管道3的行程。在本实施例中，循环管道3被支撑装置31固定安装在球形壳体2内。
每层的循环管道3上还安装有多个微喷组件4，每一微喷组件4都包括微喷 头41，该微喷头41与循环管道3之间通过一连接管42实现连通，微喷头41上安装有多个微喷嘴43，以及将微喷头41罩住的循环筒44，该循环筒44的上部为密闭的封闭端、下部开口为敞口端。其中，微喷组件4按设计需要间隔一定距离布置在循环管道3上，每一微喷头41上的微喷嘴43的数量及间距根据设计需要确定。微喷嘴43的几何形式可以是先缩后扩喷嘴即拉法尔喷嘴，也可以是渐缩喷嘴，也可以渐扩喷嘴，根据实际参数计算确定。
其中优选的，循环筒44的周壁为由上往下逐渐增大的喇叭口形状，以增加周围水的循环效果。
在本实施例中，出汽管22的前端还设置有汽水分离装置221，以去除蒸汽中携带液态水滴，实现更好的供汽效果。
在本实施例中，球形壳体2的上、下极还都设有一人孔27。
本实施例提供的球形蒸汽蓄热器的工作过程如下：
首先，打开进水管25，往球形壳体2内注入常温水直至最低水位A，然后关闭进水管25，打开进汽管21，高压蒸汽(2.5MPa)进入循环管道3，并通过连接管42进入至微喷头41中，然后高压蒸汽通过微喷头41上的微喷嘴43喷射出来，喷射出来的蒸汽在水里面形成高速射流并在附近形成瞬时低压，附近的水就会因为压差围绕循环筒44循环流动，而喷入水里的高压蒸汽会与周围的水迅速混合，从而快速的提升水的温度，达到高效加热的目的。当球形壳体2内的水被加热到与蒸汽温度相同时，球形壳体2内的水位将达到最高水位B，压力也将达到该温度下的饱和压力2.5MPa，此时该球形蒸汽蓄热器充热完成。
而当用户需要低压蒸汽时，打开出汽管22，球形壳体2内的高温水将因压力降低而闪蒸形成低压蒸汽，并通过汽水分离装置221去除蒸汽中携带液态水 滴，然后通过出汽管22送至用户。
本实施例提供的球形蒸汽蓄热器与现有卧式圆筒形蓄热器相比较具有以下有益效果：
1、采用循环筒来进行喷嘴周围水的循环，循环效果好，可实现高的换热效率。
2、在同等容积情况下，占地面积最小。
3、微喷组件的结构简单，易于安装，方便检修，使用寿命长。
4、同等占地面积下，增加了可用蓄热容积，减少了复杂的蓄热器附属系统。
尽管结合优选实施方案具体展示和介绍了本实用新型，但所属领域的技术人员应该明白，在不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本实用新型的精神和范围内，在形式上和细节上可以对本实用新型做出各种变化，均为本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种球形蒸汽蓄热器，包括支架和安装于支架上中空的球形壳体，其特征在于：所述球形壳体的上极安装有进汽管、出汽管，所述球形壳体的下极安装有进水管，所述球形壳体内安装有与进汽管连通设置的循环管道，所述循环管道上还安装有多个微喷组件，每一微喷组件都包括一微喷头，该微喷头与循环管道之间通过一连接管实现连通，且该微喷头上安装有多个微喷嘴，以及将微喷头罩住的一循环筒，该循环筒的上部为密闭的封闭端、下部开口为敞口端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的球形蒸汽蓄热器，其特征在于：所述循环筒的周壁为由上往下逐渐增大的喇叭口形状。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的球形蒸汽蓄热器，其特征在于：所述循环管道以至少两层的方式布设于球形壳体内，且每层的循环管道以蛇形的方式进行布设。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的球形蒸汽蓄热器，其特征在于：所述出汽管的前端还设置有汽水分离装置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的球形蒸汽蓄热器，其特征在于：所述球形壳体的上极还安装有泄压管和排汽管。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的球形蒸汽蓄热器，其特征在于：所述球形壳体的下极还安装有排污管。
PCT/CN2020/140766 2020-09-23 2020-12-29 一种球形蒸汽蓄热器 WO2022062250A1 (zh)

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