WO2022061516A1 - 控制电路及电池 - Google Patents

控制电路及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022061516A1
WO2022061516A1 PCT/CN2020/116837 CN2020116837W WO2022061516A1 WO 2022061516 A1 WO2022061516 A1 WO 2022061516A1 CN 2020116837 W CN2020116837 W CN 2020116837W WO 2022061516 A1 WO2022061516 A1 WO 2022061516A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
battery
power
control
terminal
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PCT/CN2020/116837
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘启辉
肖想民
谢绍伟
阳林华
韩巧瑜
杨宝锋
刘洋
Original Assignee
海能达通信股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 海能达通信股份有限公司 filed Critical 海能达通信股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/116837 priority Critical patent/WO2022061516A1/zh
Priority to DE212020000836.1U priority patent/DE212020000836U1/de
Publication of WO2022061516A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022061516A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a control circuit and a battery.
  • a control circuit In order to ensure the safe use of rechargeable batteries, a control circuit is often designed inside the rechargeable battery, but the control circuit needs to consume electric energy when working, so that the self-consumption problem of the battery will also occur when the battery is idle.
  • the power supply of the control circuit is generally turned off when the battery is idle, and the control circuit is powered on when charging or when the corresponding load needs to be powered.
  • the corresponding control ports are designed for the discharge end and the charge end of the controller to control the power-on and power-off of the control circuit.
  • the present application provides a control circuit and a battery, the control circuit can not only enable the battery to supply power to the load, but also can effectively avoid the problem of battery self-consumption when the battery is idle; meanwhile, the volume of the battery will not be increased, and the production cost can be saved.
  • the first technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a control circuit, which is applied to a battery, and the battery includes a battery cell, a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, and a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal.
  • the terminal is used to connect the power supply terminal of the load respectively to supply power to the load;
  • the positive input terminal is connected to the positive pole of the cell,
  • the control circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a power-on control unit and a battery protection unit; wherein, the first switch It is connected between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal, wherein when the battery is not connected to the load, the first switch controls the path between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal to be disconnected, and the voltage on the negative electrode of the battery cell is used as ground voltage;
  • the power-on control unit is connected to the second switch, wherein when the battery is connected to the load, the power-on control unit works to turn on the second switch;
  • the battery protection unit includes a power terminal, a ground terminal and a first control terminal, wherein the battery The ground terminal of the protection unit is connected to the ground voltage, the power terminal of the battery protection unit is connected to the positive pole of the battery cell through the second switch, and the first control terminal of the battery
  • the power-on control unit includes a first power-on control module and a second power-on control module; wherein the first power-on control module is connected to the negative output terminal and the second switch, wherein the first power-on control module receives the negative output terminal
  • the battery is connected to the load, the positive electrode of the battery cell is connected through the load, so as to work to turn on the second switch; and after the first switch is turned on, the first power-on control module stops working; the second power-on control module stops working;
  • the electrical control module is connected to the second switch, wherein when the second switch is turned on, the second power-on control module works, so that after the first power-on control module stops working, the second power-on control module controls the second switch to continue on.
  • the first power-on control module includes a third switch; wherein, the control terminal of the third switch is connected to the negative output terminal, the first channel terminal of the third switch is connected to the control terminal of the second switch, and the first channel terminal of the third switch is connected to the negative output terminal.
  • the two channel terminals are connected to the ground voltage.
  • the second power-on control module includes a fourth switch, wherein the control terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the first node between the second switch and the power terminal of the battery protection unit, and the first channel terminal of the fourth switch is connected to The control terminal of the second switch and the second pass terminal of the fourth switch are connected to the ground voltage; wherein, after the second switch is turned on, the control terminal of the fourth switch receives the positive electrode of the cell through the second switch that is turned on The voltage on the fourth switch is turned on, and the second power-on control module works to make the second switch continue to be turned on.
  • the second power-on control module further includes a resistor, and the control terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the first node between the second switch and the power terminal of the battery protection unit through the resistor.
  • the battery protection unit further includes a data port and a second control port, wherein the data port is used for connecting with the data port of the load for data communication when the battery is connected to the load; when the data port interrupts the data communication with the load After the real-time duration exceeds the preset duration, or when the data received by the data port indicates that the working current of the battery cell is lower than the preset current value and the real-time duration exceeds the preset duration, the battery protection unit sends a second control signal at the second control port , so that the second power-on control module stops working.
  • the power-on control unit further includes a power-off control module; wherein, the power-off control module is connected to the second control terminal of the battery protection unit and the second power-on control module, and when the second control terminal sends a second control signal, the power-off control module The control module works, so that the second power-on control module stops working.
  • the power-off control module includes a fifth switch; wherein the control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the second control terminal of the battery protection unit, the first channel terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the second power-on control module, and the fifth switch is connected to the second power-on control module.
  • the second path terminal is connected to the ground voltage.
  • the first switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are respectively N-type MOS transistors, and the second switch is a P-type MOS transistor.
  • the second technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a battery, which includes the above-mentioned control circuit.
  • the control circuit is provided with a first switch and a second switch, and the first switch is connected between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output end of the battery, and at the same time when the battery is not connected to the load, The first switch is disconnected to disconnect the path between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of battery self-consumption when the battery is idle; in addition, by setting the power-on control unit, the power-on control unit is The second switch is connected, so that when the battery is connected to the load, the power-on control unit works to turn on the second switch; in addition, by setting the battery protection unit and connecting the ground terminal of the battery protection unit to the ground voltage, the power supply terminal of the battery protection unit It is connected to the positive pole of the battery cell through the second switch, and the first control terminal of the battery protection unit is connected to the first switch, so that when the second switch is turned on, the connection between the power supply terminal of the battery protection unit and the positive pole of the battery
  • the path is turned on, so that the battery protection unit works, and at the same time, the first control terminal of the battery protection unit sends a first control signal to turn on the first switch, and then the path between the negative electrode of the cell and the negative output terminal is turned on, so that The load supplies power; compared with the solution in the prior art that requires additionally adding a corresponding control port, this solution does not increase the volume of the battery and can save production costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a second embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by another specific embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first”, “second” and “third” in this application are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first”, “second”, “third” may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.
  • "a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, rear%) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between components under a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a first embodiment of the application; in this embodiment, a control circuit is provided, and the control circuit is applied to a battery; the battery specifically includes a battery cell. core, the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P-, wherein the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are used to connect the power supply terminals of the load respectively, so as to supply power to the load when the battery is connected to the load; The positive output terminal P+ is connected to the positive pole of the cell.
  • control circuit includes a first switch M1, a second switch M2, a power-on control unit 11, and a battery protection unit 12; wherein the battery protection unit 12 includes a power terminal VCC, a ground terminal GND, and a first control terminal DO. .
  • the first switch M1 is connected between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal P- of the battery, and when the battery is not connected to the load, the first switch M1 controls the path between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal P- Disconnected; in a specific embodiment, when the battery is not connected to the load, the first switch M1 can be in the disconnected state to disconnect the path between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal P; wherein, the first switch M1
  • the disconnected state may specifically mean that the first switch is in the disconnected state when it is in the first position, and is in the closed state when it is in the second position. This embodiment does not limit this, as long as the negative electrode and the negative output end of the cell can be controlled.
  • the path between P- can be disconnected; it is understandable that after the path between the negative electrode of the control cell and the negative output terminal P- of the first switch M1 is disconnected, the cell stops supplying power to the control circuit, thereby preventing the battery from supplying power.
  • the self-consumption problem of the control circuit occurs when it is idle; specifically, refer to Figure 1, at this time, the voltage on the negative electrode of the cell is used as the ground voltage GND.
  • the power-on control unit 11 is connected to the second switch M2, and when the battery is connected to the load, that is, the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- of the battery are connected to the load, the power-on control unit 11 works to control the second switch M2 is turned on.
  • the power-on control unit 11 is connected to the negative output terminal P- and the second switch M2, and when the battery is connected to the load, that is, the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- of the battery are connected to the load. When connected, the power-on control unit 11 works to turn on the second switch M2.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a second embodiment of the present application; the power-on control unit 11 specifically includes a first power-on control module 111 and a second power-on control module 112 .
  • the first power-on control module 111 is connected to the negative output terminal P- of the battery and the second switch M2; specifically, the first power-on control module 111 receives the voltage on the negative output terminal P-, so that when the battery is connected to the load, By receiving the voltage control signal from the load and starting to work, the second switch M2 is turned on, so as to be connected to the positive electrode of the cell; it should be noted that after the first switch M1 is turned on, the first power-on control module 111 Stop working, and the second power-on control module 112 starts working.
  • the first power-on control module 111 receives the voltage from the negative output terminal P- of the battery and works to control the second switch M2 to be turned on.
  • the first power-on control module 111 includes a third switch M3; specifically, the third switch M3 includes a control terminal, a first channel terminal and a second channel terminal; wherein, the control terminal of the third switch M3 Connected to the negative output terminal P- of the battery, the first pass terminal of the third switch M3 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch M2, and the second pass terminal of the third switch M3 is connected to the ground voltage GND.
  • the second power-on control module 112 is connected to the second switch M2; in the specific implementation process, when the second switch M2 is turned on, the second power-on control module 112 starts to work to stop the first power-on control module 111 After the operation, the second switch M2 is controlled by the second power-on control module 112 to be continuously turned on, so that the first switch M1 is continuously turned on, so as to continuously supply power to the load.
  • the second power-on control module 112 specifically includes a fourth switch M4, and the fourth switch M4 includes a control terminal, a first channel terminal, and a second channel terminal; wherein, the control terminal of the fourth switch M4 is connected to the The first node between the second switch M2 and the power supply terminal VCC of the battery protection unit 12, the first channel terminal of the fourth switch M4 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch M2, and the second channel terminal of the fourth switch M4 is connected to to ground voltage GND.
  • the control terminal of the fourth switch M4 receives the voltage on the positive electrode of the cell through the turned-on second switch M2, so that the fourth switch M4 is turned on.
  • the second power-on control module 112 works and controls the second switch M2 to continue to be turned on.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell according to a third embodiment of the present application; specifically, the second power-on control module 112 further includes a resistor; specifically, The control terminal of the fourth switch M4 is connected to the first node between the second switch M2 and the power terminal VCC of the battery protection unit 12 through a resistor.
  • the battery protection unit 12 may specifically be a unit circuit with one or more functions of battery overvoltage or undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, power detection or battery management; specifically, the ground terminal GND of the battery protection unit 12 Connected to the ground voltage GND, the power supply terminal VCC of the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the positive pole of the cell through the second switch M2, and the first control terminal DO of the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the first switch M1; specifically, when the second switch When M2 is turned on, the path between the power supply terminal VCC of the battery protection unit 12 and the positive electrode of the battery cell is turned on, so that the battery protection unit 12 works; and after the battery protection unit 12 is powered on, the first control of the battery protection unit 12 The terminal DO sends out a first control signal to control the first switch M1 to be turned on, thereby turning on the path between the negative electrode of the cell and the negative output end P- to supply power to the load.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit and a battery cell provided by a fourth embodiment of the application; the battery protection unit 12 further includes a data port DA and a second control port OFF, wherein, The data port DA is used to connect with the data port of the load when the battery is connected to the load for data communication between the two.
  • the battery protection unit 12 when the real-time duration of the data port DA of the battery protection unit 12 interrupting the data communication with the load exceeds the preset duration, that is, the real-time communication between the data port DA of the battery protection unit 12 and the data port of the load is interrupted. After the duration exceeds the preset duration, or when the data received by the data port DA indicates that the working current of the battery cell is lower than the preset current value and the real-time duration exceeds the preset duration, the battery protection unit 12 sends a second control at the second control port OFF.
  • the second power-on control module 112 stops working, so that the second switch M2 is turned off, and then the first switch M1 is controlled to be turned off, so that the battery stops supplying power to the load, thereby saving power resources and reducing the battery protection unit
  • the power consumption of 12% makes the battery enter a power saving state; at the same time, compared with the solution in the prior art that requires additionally adding a corresponding control port, the above solution of the present application can not only make the battery supply power for the load, but also can effectively avoid the battery being idle. When the battery self-consumption problem occurs, the volume of the battery will not be increased, and the cost can be saved.
  • the power-on control unit 11 further includes a power-off control module 113 , and the battery protection unit 12 specifically controls the second power-on control module 112 to stop working through the power-off control module 113 ; specifically, the power-off control module 113 Connect the second control port OFF of the battery protection unit 12 and the second power-on control module 112, when the second control port OFF sends out the second control signal, the power-off control module 113 contacts the second control signal and starts to work, so that the first Second, the power-on control module 112 stops working.
  • the power-off control module 113 includes a fifth switch M5, and the fifth switch M5 includes a control terminal, a first channel terminal and a second channel terminal; wherein, the control terminal of the fifth switch M5 is connected to the battery The second control port of the protection unit 12 is OFF, the first channel terminal of the fifth switch M5 is connected to the second power-on control module 112 , and the second channel terminal of the fifth switch M5 is connected to the ground voltage GND.
  • the first switch M1 , the third switch M3 , the fourth switch M4 and the fifth switch M5 are respectively N-type MOS transistors, and the second switch M2 is a P-type MOS transistor.
  • the first switch M1 , the second switch M2 , the third switch M3 , the fourth switch M4 and the fifth switch M5 can also be transistors or relays.
  • the first switch M1 and the second switch M2 are set, and the first switch M1 is connected between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal P-, and when the battery is not connected to the load, the The first switch M1 is turned off to disconnect the path between the negative electrode of the cell and the negative output terminal P-, so as to effectively avoid the problem of battery self-consumption when the battery is idle;
  • the electrical control unit 11 is connected to the negative output terminal P- and the second switch M2, so that when the battery is connected to the load, the power-on control unit 11 works to turn on the second switch M2;
  • the ground terminal GND of the unit 12 is connected to the ground voltage GND, the power terminal VCC of the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the positive pole of the cell through the second switch M2, and the first control terminal DO of the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the first switch M1 to When the second switch M2 is turned on, the path between the power supply terminal VCC of the battery protection unit 12 and the positive electrode of the battery cell is turned
  • the first control signal is sent to turn on the first switch M1, and then the path between the negative electrode of the cell and the negative output terminal P- is turned on to supply power to the load; compared with the prior art, which requires additional corresponding control ports
  • the solution does not increase the volume of the battery and can save the production cost.
  • a battery which includes a battery cell, a positive output end, a negative output end, and a control circuit.
  • control circuit is the control circuit involved in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the connection relationship between the control circuit and the battery cell, the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal, and other structures and functions are the same as the control circuit provided in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the connection relationship and other structures and functions between the above-mentioned cells, the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are the same or similar, and can achieve the same or similar technical effects. Repeat.
  • the first switch when the battery is not connected to the load, the first switch is turned off to disconnect the path between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of battery self-consumption when the battery is idle;
  • the first switch when the battery is connected to the load, the first switch is controlled to be closed, so that the battery supplies power to the load, and the real-time duration when the battery is idle or the data communication with the load is interrupted reaches the preset duration or when the working current of the battery cell is lower than the preset duration
  • the control circuit can be disconnected from the battery cell in time, so that the battery enters a power-saving state to save power resources and avoid the problem of battery self-consumption; in addition, the battery does not need to be additionally installed Corresponding control ports not only do not increase the volume of the battery, but also save the production cost.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by a fifth embodiment of the application; in this embodiment, a control circuit is provided; the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that the control circuit Also includes a communication data port DA', the communication data port DA' is connected with the data port DA on the battery protection unit 12 to perform data communication with the load through the communication data port DA' when the load is connected; further, in this implementation
  • the power-on control unit 11 specifically includes an auxiliary circuit, a first control circuit and a second control circuit.
  • the power-on control unit 11 is connected to the negative output terminal P- and the communication data port DA', so that when the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are connected to the load, the negative output terminal P- or the communication data port can be connected to the negative output terminal P- or the communication data port in turn.
  • DA' receives the first control signal and connects the positive output terminal P+ with the second switch M2 under the driving of the first control signal, so that the second switch M2 can receive the second control signal from the positive output terminal P+, and in the second It is turned on under the driving of the control signal to connect the battery protection unit 12 and the positive output terminal P+ through the second switch M2.
  • the power-on control unit 11 receives the first power from the negative output terminal P-.
  • a control signal is connected to the positive output terminal P+ under the driving of the first control signal, and then the negative electrode of the cell is connected to the negative output terminal P-, so that the cell can supply power to the load; when the load is powered on, the power-on control
  • the unit 11 receives the first control signal from the communication data port DA' and continuously maintains the connection with the positive output terminal P+ under the driving of the first control signal, and then drives the negative electrode of the battery cell to continuously communicate with the negative output terminal P- to Make the battery continue to supply power to the load.
  • the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the power-on control unit 11 through the second switch M2, and is connected to the negative output terminal P- through the first switch M1; and when the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are connected to the load, the second The switch M2 receives the second control signal from the power-on control unit 11 and connects the battery protection circuit 12 with the positive electrode of the battery cell under the driving of the second control signal. After the battery protection circuit 12 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, the battery protection The circuit 12 is powered on, and sends a third control signal to the first switch M1.
  • the first switch M1 receives the third control signal from the battery protection unit 12 and connects the negative electrode of the cell to the negative output end of the battery under the drive of the third control signal. P-connected so that the cells supply power to the load.
  • the power-on control unit 11 is connected to the negative output terminal P- and the communication data port DA', so that the power-on control unit 11 is connected to the load after the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are connected to the load.
  • the first control signal can be received from the negative output terminal P- and the communication data port DA' in turn, and the positive output terminal P+ and the second switch M2 can be connected under the driving of the first control signal, so that the second switch M2 can be connected from the The positive output terminal P+ receives the second control signal and is turned on; in addition, by setting the battery protection unit 12, the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the positive pole of the cell through the second switch M2, and is connected to the negative output terminal through the first switch M1 P-connection to connect the battery protection unit 12 with the positive pole of the battery cell after the second switch M2 receives the second control signal from the power-on control unit 11, and the first switch M1 receives the third signal from the battery protection unit 12 After the control signal, the negative electrode of the cell is connected to the negative output terminal P-, so that the cell can supply power to the load; wherein, since the negative electrode of the cell is connected to the negative output terminal P-, the power-on control unit 11 can connect the power-on control unit 11 from the communication data port DA
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by a specific embodiment of the present application; specifically, the power-on control unit 11 includes an auxiliary circuit, a first control circuit and a second control circuit.
  • the auxiliary circuit is connected to the positive output terminal P+ and the second switch M2, and is used for outputting the second control signal to the second switch M2 when turned on;
  • the first control circuit is connected to the negative output terminal P- and the auxiliary circuit, and is used for When the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are connected to the load, they receive the first sub-control signal from the negative output terminal P- and conduct under the control of the first sub-control signal.
  • the auxiliary circuit outputs a corresponding control signal to control the conduction of the auxiliary circuit;
  • the second control circuit is connected to the communication data port DA' and the auxiliary circuit, and after the negative electrode of the battery cell is connected to the negative output end P-, it receives data from the communication data port DA'
  • the second sub-control signal is turned on under the control of the second sub-control signal.
  • the corresponding control signal is sent to the auxiliary circuit to continuously control the auxiliary circuit to be turned on, thereby making the positive output terminal P+ It communicates with the second switch M2 through the auxiliary circuit.
  • the auxiliary circuit may include a sixth switch M6; the first control circuit may include a seventh switch M7; and the second control circuit may include an eighth switch M8.
  • the sixth switch M6 includes a first channel terminal, a second channel terminal and a control terminal, the first channel terminal of the sixth switch M6 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch M2, and the second channel terminal of the sixth switch M6 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch M2.
  • the positive output terminal P+ is connected to output a second control signal to the second switch M2 when the sixth switch M6 is turned on;
  • the seventh switch M7 includes a first channel end, a second channel end and a control end, and the seventh switch M7 A channel terminal is grounded, the second channel terminal of the seventh switch M7 is connected to the control terminal of the sixth switch M6, and the control terminal of the seventh switch M7 is connected to the negative output terminal P- to receive the first sub-terminal from the negative output terminal P- control signal and control the sixth switch M6 to be turned on;
  • the eighth switch M8 includes a first channel end, a second channel end and a control end, the first channel end of the eighth switch M8 is grounded, and the second channel end of the eighth switch M8 is connected to the The control terminal of the sixth switch M6 is connected, and the control terminal of the eighth switch M8 is connected to the communication data port DA to receive the second sub-control signal from the communication data port DA to continuously control the sixth switch M6 to be turned on.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • the control circuit further includes a delay unit 14 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit provided by another specific embodiment of the present application; the delay unit 14 is respectively connected to the power-on control unit 11 and the battery protection unit 12; specifically, the delay unit 14 includes Storage capacitor CT and integration delay unit 141 .
  • one end of the storage capacitor CT is connected to the power-on control unit 11, and the other end is connected to the ground voltage GND; when the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are connected to the load, the storage capacitor CT is used to store charges, so that the first switch M1 maintains the driving of the integral delay unit 141 after the negative electrode of the battery cell and the negative output terminal P- are turned on until the load and the battery start to send data communication, and maintains the integral delay during the period when the pulse signal of the communication data port DA is kept at a low level.
  • the driving of the unit 141 that is, the driving of the ninth switch M9 is continuously turned on.
  • the charging resistance of the storage capacitor CT should be as small as possible to improve the charging speed of the storage capacitor CT, and the discharge resistance should be as large as possible to ensure that the holding voltage of the storage capacitor CT has a sufficient time for the integration delay unit 141 drive, so as to avoid the problem of discharge interruption during the normal power supply time of the cell.
  • one end of the integration delay unit 141 is connected to the storage capacitor CT, and the other end is connected to the battery protection unit 12 through the second switch M2.
  • the integration delay unit 141 can delay the conduction of the second switch M2, so that when the charging voltage of the storage capacitor CT is close to the voltage of the positive output terminal P+, the battery protection unit 12 and the positive output terminal P+ can be turned on , to avoid frequent circuit interruptions.
  • the integral delay unit 141 includes a resistor RD, a capacitor CD and a ninth switch M9; wherein, one end of the resistor RD is connected to the storage capacitor CT, the other end is connected to the control end of the ninth switch M9, and the capacitor CD is connected to the control end of the ninth switch M9.
  • One end of the ninth switch M9 is connected to the resistor RD, the other end of the capacitor CD is connected to the ground voltage, the first channel end of the ninth switch M9 is connected to the battery protection unit 12 through the second switch M2, and the second channel end of the ninth switch M9 is connected to the ground voltage GND.
  • the resistor RD and the capacitor CD are used to delay the conduction of the ninth switch M9, so that the charging voltage on the storage capacitor CT is close to the voltage of the positive output terminal P+, and then the ninth switch M9 is turned on, so as to avoid frequent circuit interruptions. question.
  • the storage capacitor CT is used to connect the load with the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P-, and after the first switch M1 turns on the negative electrode of the cell and the negative output terminal P-, the load and the battery start During the data communication period, the ninth switch M9 is maintained to be driven, so that the power-on control unit 11 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch M2 through the ninth switch M9; so that the second switch M2 can receive the data from the power-on control unit 11, and under the driving of the second control signal, the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the positive pole of the cell, and then the negative pole of the cell is connected to the negative output terminal P-, so that the cell can supply power to the load At the same time, the driving of the ninth switch M9 is maintained during the low level period of the communication data port DA pulse signal.
  • the sixth switch M6, the seventh switch M7, the eighth switch M8, and the ninth switch M9 may be MOS transistors, transistors or relays.
  • the seventh switch M7, the eighth switch M8 and the ninth switch M9 may be N-type transistors, and the sixth switch M6 may be a P-type transistor.
  • control circuit by further setting the delay unit 14 and connecting the delay unit 14 to the power-on control unit 11 and the battery protection unit 12 respectively, not only the battery cell can supply power to the load, but also the battery cell can be effectively avoided.
  • the problem of self-consumption of the control circuit occurs when it is idle; the volume of the battery with the control circuit will not be increased, and the production cost can be saved; at the same time, by setting the storage capacitor CT, the battery can be charged in the process of charging the load. It avoids the problem of frequent charging interruptions, and at the same time can prolong the charging time of the battery cells to the load.
  • control signal may specifically be a level signal.
  • the battery protection unit 12 has no power supply, the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- of the battery cell have no discharge output, and the entire circuit is in a power-saving state, which can effectively avoid the self-consumption of the control circuit when the battery cell is idle. electrical problem.
  • the seventh switch M7 receives the first sub-control signal from the negative output terminal P- and is turned on under the driving of the first sub-control signal, and then drives the sixth switch M6 to be turned on, and then turns on.
  • the storage capacitor CT is charged, the voltage on the storage capacitor CT is integrated and delayed by the resistor RD and the capacitor CD to drive the ninth switch M9 to be turned on, and the second switch M2 is turned on after receiving the second control signal from the power-on control unit 11, Then, the battery protection unit 12 is connected to the positive pole of the battery cell, and the battery protection unit 12 is supplied with power; after the battery protection unit 12 supplies power, it outputs a third control signal to the first switch M1, and the first switch M1 receives the third control signal and generates power in the third Driven by the control signal, it is turned on to connect the negative electrode of the cell with the negative output terminal P-, and the cell starts to supply power to the load.
  • the seventh switch M7 loses the first sub-control due to The signal is turned off.
  • the ninth switch M9 and the second switch M2 are continuously driven by the voltage maintained on the storage capacitor CT to continue to be turned on.
  • the battery protection unit 12 can continue to work, driving the battery cells to the load. Power supply; when the load is powered on and started, the load and the battery communicate with the battery through the communication data port DA.
  • the communication data port DA can be used to receive the second sub-control signal, and the second sub-control signal is driven to drive the eighth.
  • the switch M8 is turned on, and then the sixth switch M6 is continuously driven to be turned on, thereby controlling the second switch M2 to continue to be turned on, so that the battery cell can continue to supply power to the load; this not only enables the battery cell to supply power to the load, but also does not increase
  • the volume of the battery with the control circuit can save the production cost.
  • FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram of each time stage of the control circuit provided by an embodiment of the application. Specifically, when the control circuit is working, it includes a first time stage t1, a second time stage t2, and a third time stage t3, the fourth time period t4 and the fifth time period t5; wherein, the first time period t1 is the time required for the storage capacitor CT to be fully charged after the negative output terminal P- is energized, that is, after the negative output terminal P- is energized, the storage capacitor CT is fully charged.
  • the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- are respectively connected to the corresponding terminals of the load, and the high voltage of the battery is output from the positive electrode of the cell through the positive output terminal P+, and is added to the load leakage current through the load leakage current.
  • the negative output terminal P- of the battery at this time, the negative output terminal P- is at a high level, which drives the seventh switch M7 and the sixth switch M6 to conduct, and starts to charge the storage capacitor CT until the voltage across the storage capacitor CT and the positive output
  • the voltage of the terminal P+ is the same; at the same time, the storage capacitor CT slowly discharges to the capacitor CD; at this stage, the first switch M1 and the second switch M2 are disconnected, and no data communication is performed between the battery communication data port DA and the load.
  • the storage capacitor CT continues to discharge to the capacitor CD while being charged until the voltage across the capacitor CD can drive the ninth switch M9 to conduct, that is, the control terminal of the second switch M2 can pass the ninth switch M9 is connected to the power-on control unit 11 .
  • both ends of the negative output terminal P- and the storage capacitor CT are at a high level, the second switch M2 and the first switch M1 are still in an off state, and the communication data port DA of the battery is connected to the load. No data communication is performed between them.
  • the storage capacitor CT is at a high level, and continues to charge the capacitor CD until it reaches the same voltage as the storage capacitor CT.
  • the ninth switch M9 is turned on under the drive of the high-level signal, thereby driving the first switch M9.
  • the second switch M2 and the first switch M1 are turned on, and the load starts to perform initialization processing; at this time, the negative output terminal P-ground voltage GND, and the seventh switch M7 is disconnected because it cannot receive the control signal from the negative output terminal P- again; There is no data communication between the communication data port DA of the battery and the load.
  • the negative output terminal P- is at a low level
  • the communication data port DA is at a low level
  • the storage capacitor CT and the capacitor CD are at a high level.
  • the storage capacitor CT continues to discharge to drive the first The nine switches M9, the second switch M2 and the first switch M1 are turned on.
  • the load is disconnected from the positive output terminal P+ and the negative output terminal P- of the battery, the negative output terminal P- is at a low level, and the storage capacitor CT begins to discharge to drive the second switch M2 and the first switch.
  • M1 continues to be turned on until the voltage across the storage capacitor CT is lower than the driving voltage required for the ninth switch M9 to be turned on.
  • the negative electrode of the battery cell is disconnected from the negative output terminal P- when the battery cell is idle, so as to prevent the problem of self-consumption of the control circuit; when the battery is connected to the load, the control unit 11 is powered on.
  • the seventh switch M7 is turned on by receiving the first sub-control signal from the negative output terminal P- to be turned on under the driving of the first sub-control signal, and simultaneously drives the sixth switch M6 to turn on to charge the storage capacitor CT; the storage capacitor The CT discharges the integral delay unit 141, and drives the ninth switch M9 to conduct, and then drives the second switch M2 to conduct.
  • the protection unit 12 After the protection unit 12 is powered on, it sends a third control signal to the first switch M1, and the first switch M1 turns on the negative electrode of the cell and the negative output terminal P- under the drive of the third control signal, so that the cell can supply power to the load
  • the power-on control unit 11 can receive the second sub-control signal through the communication data port DA, and continue to drive the ninth switch M9, the second switch M2 and the second sub-control signal under the driving of the second sub-control signal.
  • a switch M1 is turned on, so that the cell continues to supply power to the load.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application; in this embodiment, a battery 1 is provided, and the battery 1 has a control circuit 10 , and the control circuit 10 can be specifically the above-mentioned embodiment
  • the control circuit 10 can be specifically the above-mentioned embodiment
  • the explosion-proof battery has the control circuit involved in the above embodiment; assuming that the capacity of the explosion-proof battery is 2400mAh, it is charged 30% when leaving the factory, that is, 720mAh; under normal working conditions, the explosion-proof battery The total current consumption of the battery is about 196.5uA. When the first switch M1 is turned off and the explosion-proof battery enters a power saving state, the total consumption current of the explosion-proof battery is about 3.5uA. It can be seen that the use of the control circuit 10 can greatly reduce the self-consumption power of the battery 1 and prolong the service life of the battery 1 .
  • the battery 1 provided in this embodiment by setting the control circuit provided in the above embodiment, can not only supply power to the load when the load is connected, but also can effectively avoid the problem of self-consumption of the control circuit 10 when the battery 1 is idle; at the same time, The volume of the battery 1 is not increased, and the production cost can be saved.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种控制电路及电池。该控制电路应用在电池上，电池包括电芯、正输出端和负输出端；控制电路包括第一开关、第二开关、上电控制单元和电池保护单元；第一开关连接在电芯的负极与负输出端之间，上电控制单元连接第二开关；电池保护单元的电源端通过第二开关连接至电芯的正极，电池保护单元的第一控制端连接至第一开关；当电池未连接负载时，第一开关断开；当电池连接负载时，上电控制单元工作以导通第二开关，之后电池保护单元的电源端与电芯的正极之间的通路导通，以使电池保护单元工作并导通第一开关，导通电芯的负极与负输出端之间的通路。该控制电路能够有效避免电池自耗电问题，且不会增大电池的体积并能节约成本。

Description

控制电路及电池 【技术领域】
本发明涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种控制电路及电池。
【背景技术】
为保障可充电电池的使用安全，其内部经常会设计控制电路，但控制电路工作时需要消耗电能，从而在电池闲置时也会出现电池的自耗电问题。
目前，为了降低电池在闲置时电池的自耗电电量，一般会在电池闲置时关掉控制电路的供电，在充电或需要给相应的负载供电时才给控制电路上电，目前一般通过在电池的放电端和充电端设计相应的控制端口，以控制控制电路的上下电。
然而，由于上述方案需要另外增设相应的控制端口，不仅会增加生产成本，且会增大电池的体积，不利于产品的小型化生产。
【发明内容】
本申请提供控制电路及电池，该控制电路不仅能够使电池为负载进行供电，且能够有效避免电池闲置时出现电池自耗电问题；同时，不会增大电池的体积，能够节约生产成本。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的第一个技术方案是：提供一种控制电路，该控制电路应用在电池上，电池包括电芯、正输出端和负输出端，正输出端和负输出端用于分别连接负载的供电端，以为负载供电；正输入端连接电芯的正极，其中，控制电路包括第一开关、第二开关、上电控制单元和电池保护单元；其中，第一开关连接在电芯的负极与负输出端之间，其中，当电池未连接负载时，第一开关控制电芯的负极与负输出端之间的通路断开，且电芯的负极上的电压作为地电压；上电控制单元连接第二开关，其中，当电池连接负载时，上电控制单元工作以 导通第二开关；电池保护单元包括电源端、接地端和第一控制端，其中，电池保护单元的接地端连接地电压，电池保护单元的电源端通过第二开关而连接至电芯的正极，电池保护单元的第一控制端连接至第一开关；当第二开关导通时，电池保护单元的电源端与电芯的正极之间的通路导通，以使电池保护单元工作，且电池保护单元的第一控制端发出第一控制信号而导通第一开关，导通电芯的负极与负输出端之间的通路。
其中，上电控制单元包括第一上电控制模块和第二上电控制模块；其中，第一上电控制模块连接负输出端和第二开关，其中，第一上电控制模块接收负输出端上的电压，以在电池连接负载时，通过负载而连接电芯的正极，从而工作以导通第二开关；且在第一开关导通后，第一上电控制模块停止工作；第二上电控制模块连接第二开关，其中，当第二开关导通后，第二上电控制模块工作，以在第一上电控制模块停止工作后，第二上电控制模块控制第二开关持续地导通。
其中，第一上电控制模块包括第三开关；其中，第三开关的控制端连接至负输出端，第三开关的第一通路端连接至第二开关的控制端，而第三开关的第二通路端连接至地电压。
其中，第二上电控制模块包括第四开关，其中，第四开关的控制端连接至第二开关与电池保护单元的电源端之间的第一节点，第四开关的第一通路端连接至第二开关的控制端，而第四开关的第二通路端连接至地电压；其中，当第二开关导通后，第四开关的控制端通过导通的第二开关而接收电芯的正极上的电压，以使第四开关导通，第二上电控制模块工作以使第二开关继续导通。
其中，第二上电控制模块进一步包括电阻，第四开关的控制端通过电阻而连接至第二开关与电池保护单元的电源端之间的第一节点。
其中，电池保护单元进一步包括数据端口和第二控制端口，其中，数据端口用于在电池与负载相连接时，与负载的数据端口相连接以进行数据通信；当数据端口中断与负载的数据通信的实时时长超过预设时长后，或者当数据端口接收的数据表明电芯的工作电流低于预设电流值的实时时长超过预设时长后，电池保护单元在第二控制端口发出第二控制 信号，以使第二上电控制模块停止工作。
其中，上电控制单元进一步包括下电控制模块；其中，下电控制模块连接电池保护单元的第二控制端和第二上电控制模块，当第二控制端发出第二控制信号时，下电控制模块工作，以使第二上电控制模块停止工作。
其中，下电控制模块包括第五开关；其中，第五开关的控制端连接电池保护单元的第二控制端，第五开关的第一通路端连接第二上电控制模块，而第五开关的第二通路端连接地电压。
其中，第一开关、第三开关、第四开关和第五开关分别为N型MOS管，而第二开关为P型MOS管。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的第二个技术方案是：提供一种电池，该电池包括上述所涉及的控制电路。
本申请提供的控制电路及电池，该控制电路通过设置第一开关和第二开关，并将第一开关连接在电芯的负极与电池的负输出端之间，同时在电池未连接负载时，使第一开关断开以断开电芯的负极与负输出端之间的通路，从而有效避免电池闲置时出现电池自耗电问题；另外，通过设置上电控制单元，并使上电控制单元连接第二开关，以在电池连接负载时，上电控制单元工作以导通第二开关；此外，通过设置电池保护单元，并使电池保护单元的接地端连接地电压，电池保护单元的电源端通过第二开关而连接至电芯的正极，电池保护单元的第一控制端连接至第一开关，以在第二开关导通时，使电池保护单元的电源端与电芯的正极之间的通路导通，以使电池保护单元工作，同时使电池保护单元的第一控制端发出第一控制信号而导通第一开关，进而导通电芯的负极与负输出端之间的通路，以为负载进行供电；相比于现有技术中需要另外增设相应控制端口的方案，该方案不会增大电池的体积，能够节约生产成本。
【附图说明】
图1为本申请第一实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；
图2为本申请第二实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；
图3为本申请第三实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；
图4为本申请第四实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；
图5为本申请第五实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一具体实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；
图7为本申请第六实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；
图8为本申请另一具体实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的控制电路各时间阶段的波形图；
图10为本申请一实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。本申请实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结 构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请进行详细的说明。
请参阅图1，图1为本申请第一实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；在本实施例中，提供一种控制电路，该控制电路应用在电池上；该电池具体包括电芯、正输出端P+和负输出端P-，其中，正输出端P+和负输出端P-用于分别连接负载的供电端，以在电池连接负载时为负载进行供电；具体的，电池的正输出端P+连接电芯的正极。
在一实施例中，控制电路包括第一开关M1、第二开关M2、上电控制单元11以及电池保护单元12；其中，电池保护单元12包括电源端VCC、接地端GND和第一控制端DO。
其中，第一开关M1连接在电芯的负极与电池的负输出端P-之间，且在电池未连接负载时，第一开关M1控制电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间的通路断开；在一具体实施方式中，在电池未连接负载时，第一开关M1可处于断开状态，以断开电芯的负极与负输出端P之间的通路；其中，第一开关M1处于断开状态可以具体是第一开关处于第一位置时为断开状态，处于第二位置时为闭合状态，本实施例对此并不加以限制，只要能控制电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间的通路断开即可；可以理解的是，第一开关M1控制电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间的通路断开后，电芯停止为控制电路供电，从而避免电池闲置时出现控制电路的自耗电问题；具体的，参见图1，此时，电芯的负极上的电压作为地电压GND。
其中，上电控制单元11连接第二开关M2，且当电池连接负载时，即，电池的正输出端P+和负输出端P-与负载连接时，上电控制单元11工作以控制第二开关M2导通。
在一实施例中，参见图1，上电控制单元11连接负输出端P-和第二开关M2，且当电池连接负载时，即，电池的正输出端P+和负输出端P-与负载连接时，上电控制单元11工作以导通第二开关M2。
具体的，参见图2，图2为本申请第二实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；上电控制单元11具体包括第一上电控制模块111和第二上电控制模块112。
其中，第一上电控制模块111连接电池的负输出端P-和第二开关M2；具体的，第一上电控制模块111接收负输出端P-上的电压，以在电池连接负载时，通过从负载接收电压控制信号并开始工作，以导通第二开关M2导通，从而连接至电芯的正极；需要说明的是，在第一开关M1导通之后，第一上电控制模块111停止工作，第二上电控制模块112开始工作。
可以理解的是，当电池连接负载时，第一上电控制模块111从电池的负输出端P-接收电压并工作以控制第二开关M2导通。
在一具体实施例中，第一上电控制模块111包括第三开关M3；具体的，第三开关M3包括控制端、第一通路端和第二通路端；其中，第三开关M3的控制端连接至电池的负输出端P-，第三开关M3的第一通路端连接至第二开关M2的控制端，而第三开关M3的第二通路端连接至地电压GND。
其中，第二上电控制模块112连接第二开关M2；在具体实施过程中，当第二开关M2导通后，第二上电控制模块112开始工作，以在第一上电控制模块111停止工作后，通过第二上电控制模块112控制第二开关M2持续导通，进而使第一开关M1持续导通，以持续为负载进行供电。
在一具体实施例中，第二上电控制模块112具体包括第四开关M4，第四开关M4包括控制端、第一通路端和第二通路端；其中，第四开关M4的控制端连接至第二开关M2与电池保护单元12的电源端VCC之间的第一节点，第四开关M4的第一通路端连接至第二开关M2的控制端，而第四开关M4的第二通路端连接至地电压GND。具体的，当第二开关M2导通后，第四开关M4的控制端通过导通的第二开关M2而接收电芯的正极上的电压，以使第四开关M4导通，此时，第二上电控制模块112工作并控制第二开关M2继续导通。
进一步地，在一实施例中，参见图3，图3为本申请第三实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；具体的，第二上电控制模块112还包括电阻；具体的，第四开关M4的控制端通过电阻连接至第二开关M2与电池保护单元12的电源端VCC之间的第一节点。
其中，电池保护单元12具体可为具有电池过压或欠压保护、过流保护、电量检测或者电池管理等其中一种或者多种作用的单元电路；具体的，电池保护单元12的接地端GND连接地电压GND，电池保护单元12的电源端VCC通过第二开关M2而连接至电芯的正极，电池保护单元12的第一控制端DO连接至第一开关M1；具体的，当第二开关M2导通时，电池保护单元12的电源端VCC与电芯的正极之间的通路导通，以使电池保护单元12工作；且当电池保护单元12通电之后，电池保护单元12的第一控制端DO发出第一控制信号以控制第一开关M1导通，进而导通电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间的通路，以为负载进行供电。
在一具体实施例中，参见图4，图4为本申请第四实施例提供的控制电路与电芯的结构示意图；上述电池保护单元12还包括数据端口DA和第二控制端口OFF，其中，数据端口DA用于在电池与负载相连接时，与负载的数据端口连接以进行二者之间的数据通信。
在一具体实施例中，当电池保护单元12的数据端口DA中断与负载的数据通信的实时时长超过预设时长后，即，电池保护单元12的数据端口DA与负载的数据端口中断通信的实时时长超过预设时长后，或者当数据端口DA接收的数据表明电芯的工作电流低于预设电流值的实时时长超过预设时长后，电池保护单元12在第二控制端口OFF发出第二控制信号，以使第二上电控制模块112停止工作，从而使第二开关M2断开，进而控制第一开关M1断开，以使电池停止为负载进行供电，进而节约电资源，降低电池保护单元12的功耗，使电池进入省电状态；同时，相比于现有技术中需要另外增设相应控制端口的方案，本申请的上述方案不仅能够使电池为负载进行供电，且能够有效避免电池闲置时出现电池自耗电问题，同时不会增大电池的体积，能够节约成本。
具体的，参见图4，上电控制单元11还包括下电控制模块113，电池保护单元12具体通过下电控制模块113控制第二上电控制模块112停止工作；具体的，下电控制模块113连接电池保护单元12的第二控制端口OFF和第二上电控制模块112，当第二控制端口OFF发出第二控制信号时，下电控制模块113接触第二控制信号并开始工作，以使第二上电控制模块112停止工作。
具体的，在一具体实施例中，下电控制模块113包括第五开关M5，第五开关M5包括控制端、第一通路端和第二通路端；其中，第五开关M5的控制端连接电池保护单元12的第二控制端口OFF，第五开关M5的第一通路端连接第二上电控制模块112，而第五开关M5的第二通路端连接地电压GND。
具体的，上述第一开关M1、第三开关M3、第四开关M4和第五开关M5分别为N型MOS管，而第二开关M2为P型MOS管。当然，在其它实施例中，上述第一开关M1、第二开关M2、第三开关M3、第四开关M4和第五开关M5也可为晶体管或继电器。
本实施例提供的控制电路，通过设置第一开关M1和第二开关M2，并将第一开关M1连接在电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间，同时在电池未连接负载时，使第一开关M1断开以断开电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间的通路，从而有效避免电池闲置时出现电池自耗电问题；另外，通过设置上电控制单元11，并使上电控制单元11连接负输出端P-和第二开关M2，以在电池连接负载时，上电控制单元11工作以导通第二开关M2；此外，通过设置电池保护单元12，并使电池保护单元12的接地端GND连接地电压GND，电池保护单元12的电源端VCC通过第二开关M2而连接至电芯的正极，电池保护单元12的第一控制端DO连接至第一开关M1，以在第二开关M2导通时，使电池保护单元12的电源端VCC与电芯的正极之间的通路导通，以使电池保护单元12工作，同时使电池保护单元12的第一控制端DO发出第一控制信号而导通第一开关M1，进而导通电芯的负极与负输出端P-之间的通路，以为负载进行供电；相比于现有技术中需要另外增设相应控制端口的方案，该方案不会增大电 池的体积，能够节约生产成本。
在本实施例中，提供一种电池，该电池包括电芯、正输出端、负输出端以及控制电路。
其中，该控制电路为上述任一实施例所涉及的控制电路，且控制电路与电芯、正输出端和负输出端之间的连接关系及其它结构和功能与上述实施例提供的控制电路与上述电芯、正输出端P+和负输出端P-之间的连接关系及其它结构和功能相同或相似，且可实现相同或相似的技术效果，具体可参见上述相关文字描述，在此不再赘述。
本实施例提供的电池，通过在电池未连接负载时，使第一开关断开以断开电芯的负极与负输出端之间的通路，从而有效避免电池闲置时出现电池自耗电问题；同时，在电池连接负载时，控制第一开关闭合，以使电池为负载进行供电，且在电池闲置或者与负载中断数据通信的实时时长达到预设时长或者当电芯的工作电流低于预设电流值的实时时长超过预设时长后，能够及时使控制电路与电芯断开连接，从而使电池进入省电状态，以节约电资源，避免电池自耗电问题；另外，该电池无需另外增设相应的控制端口，从而不仅不会增大电池的体积，且能够节约生产成本。
在另一实施例中，参见图5，图5为本申请第五实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；在本实施例中，提供一种控制电路；与上述实施例不同的是该控制电路还包括通信数据端口DA’，该通信数据端口DA’与电池保护单元12上的数据端口DA连接，以在连接负载时通过该通信数据端口DA’与负载进行数据通信；进一步地，在该实施例中，与上述第一实施例不同的是，上电控制单元11具体包括辅助电路、第一控制电路和第二控制电路。
其中，上电控制单元11与负输出端P-及通信数据端口DA’连接，用于在正输出端P+和负输出端P-连接负载时，能够依次从负输出端P-或通信数据端口DA’接收第一控制信号并在第一控制信号的驱动下将正输出端P+和第二开关M2连通，进而使第二开关M2能够从正输出端P+接收第二控制信号，并在第二控制信号的驱动下导通，以通过该第二开 关M2将电池保护单元12和正输出端P+连接。
具体的，当正输出端P+和负输出端P-与负载的相应端连接后，且电芯的负极与负输出端P-尚未连通时，上电控制单元11从负输出端P-接收第一控制信号并在第一控制信号的驱动下与正输出端P+连通，进而使电芯的负极与负输出端P-连通，以使电芯为负载供电；当负载上电之后，上电控制单元11转而从通信数据端口DA’接收第一控制信号并在第一控制信号的驱动下持续保持与正输出端P+的连通，进而驱动电芯的负极与负输出端P-持续连通，以使电芯持续为负载供电。
其中，电池保护单元12通过第二开关M2与上电控制单元11连接，通过第一开关M1与负输出端P-连接；且在正输出端P+和负输出端P-连接负载时，第二开关M2接收来自上电控制单元11的第二控制信号并在第二控制信号的驱动下使电池保护电路12与电芯的正极连通，当电池保护电路12与电芯的正极连通之后，电池保护电路12上电，并向第一开关M1发送第三控制信号，第一开关M1接收来自电池保护单元12的第三控制信号并在第三控制信号的驱动下将电芯的负极与负输出端P-连接，以使电芯为负载供电。
本实施例提供的控制电路，通过将上电控制单元11与负输出端P-及通信数据端口DA’连接，以使上电控制单元11在正输出端P+和负输出端P-连接负载后，能够依次从负输出端P-和通信数据端口DA’接收第一控制信号，并在第一控制信号的驱动下将正输出端P+和第二开关M2连接，进而使第二开关M2能够从正输出端P+接收到第二控制信号并导通；另外，通过设置电池保护单元12，并使电池保护单元12通过第二开关M2与电芯的正极连接，通过第一开关M1与负输出端P-连接，以在第二开关M2从上电控制单元11接收到第二控制信号后使电池保护单元12与电芯的正极连通，在第一开关M1接收到来自电池保护单元12的第三控制信号后使电芯的负极与负输出端P-连接，以使电芯为负载供电；其中，由于电芯的负极与负输出端P-连通之后，上电控制单元11能够从通信数据端口DA’持续接收第一控制信号，以通过该第一控制信号持续控制电芯的负极与负输出端P-连通，进而可使电芯持续为负载进 行供电；相比于现有技术中控制电路需要另外增设相应控制端口的方案，不仅能够使电芯为负载进行供电，且能够有效避免电芯闲置时出现控制电路的自耗电问题，同时，不会增大具有该控制电路的电池的体积，能够节约生产成本。
请参阅图6，图6为本申请一具体实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；具体的，上电控制单元11包括辅助电路、第一控制电路和第二控制电路。
其中，辅助电路与正输出端P+和第二开关M2连接，用于在导通时向第二开关M2输出第二控制信号；第一控制电路连接负输出端P-和辅助电路，用于在正输出端P+和负输出端P-连接负载时，接收来自负输出端P-的第一子控制信号并在该第一子控制信号的控制下导通，当第一控制电路导通之后向辅助电路输出相应的控制信号以控制辅助电路导通；第二控制电路连接通信数据端口DA’和辅助电路，并在电芯的负极与负输出端P-连通之后，接收来自通信数据端口DA’的第二子控制信号并在第二子控制信号的控制下导通，当第二控制电路导通之后，向辅助电路发送相应的控制信号以持续控制辅助电路导通，进而使正输出端P+和第二开关M2通过辅助电路连通。
具体的，辅助电路可包括第六开关M6；第一控制电路具体可包括第七开关M7；第二控制电路具体可包括第八开关M8。
具体的，第六开关M6包括第一通路端、第二通路端和控制端，第六开关M6的第一通路端与第二开关M2的控制端连接，第六开关M6的第二通路端与正输出端P+连接，以在第六开关M6导通时向第二开关M2输出第二控制信号；第七开关M7包括第一通路端、第二通路端及控制端，第七开关M7的第一通路端接地，第七开关M7的第二通路端与第六开关M6的控制端连接，第七开关M7的控制端与负输出端P-连接，以从负输出端P-接收第一子控制信号并控制第六开关M6导通；第八开关M8包括第一通路端、第二通路端和控制端，第八开关M8的第一通路端接地，第八开关M8的第二通路端与第六开关M6的控制端连接，第八开关M8的控制端与通信数据端口DA连接，以从通信数据端 口DA接收第二子控制信号，以持续控制第六开关M6导通。
请参阅图7，图7为本申请第六实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图。在一实施例中，该控制电路进一步还包括延时单元14。
其中，参见图8，图8为本申请另一具体实施例提供的控制电路的结构示意图；延时单元14分别与上电控制单元11和电池保护单元12连接；具体的，延时单元14包括存储电容CT和积分延时单元141。
具体的，存储电容CT的一端与上电控制单元11连接，另一端地电压GND；当正输出端P+和负输出端P-连接负载后，存储电容CT用于存储电荷，以在第一开关M1将电芯的负极与负输出端P-导通之后到负载与电池开始发出数据通信期间维持对积分延时单元141的驱动，同时维持通信数据端口DA脉冲信号低电平期间对积分延时单元141的驱动，即，驱动第九开关M9持续导通。
具体的，存储电容CT的充电电阻应尽可能小，从而提高存储电容CT的充电速度，而放电电阻应尽可能大，以利于保证存储电容CT的保持电压对积分延时单元141有足够长时间的驱动，从而避免电芯正常供电时间内产生放电中断的问题。
具体的，积分延时单元141的一端与存储电容CT连接，另一端通过第二开关M2与电池保护单元12连接。
在具体实施例中，积分延时单元141能够延迟第二开关M2的导通，以使存储电容CT的充电电压接近正输出端P+的电压时再让电池保护单元12与正输出端P+导通，以避免频繁出现电路中断的问题。
具体的，参见图8，积分延时单元141包括电阻RD、电容CD和第九开关M9；其中，电阻RD的一端与存储电容CT连接，另一端与第九开关M9的控制端连接，电容CD的一端与电阻RD连接，电容CD的另一端接地电压，第九开关M9的第一通路端通过第二开关M2与电池保护单元12连接，第九开关M9的第二通路端地电压GND。其中，电阻RD和电容CD用于延迟第九开关M9的导通，使存储电容CT上的充电电压接近正输出端P+的电压后再让第九开关M9导通，以避免出现电路频繁中断的问题。
在具体实施例中，存储电容CT用于在正输出端P+和负输出端P-连接负载后，在第一开关M1将电芯的负极与负输出端P-导通之后到负载与电池开始发出数据通信期间维持对第九开关M9的驱动，以使上电控制单元11藉由第九开关M9连接至第二开关M2的控制端；从而使第二开关M2能够接收到来自上电控制单元11的第二控制信号，并在第二控制信号的驱动下将电池保护单元12与电芯的正极连通，进而使电芯的负极与负输出端P-连接，以使电芯为负载进行供电；同时，维持通信数据端口DA脉冲信号低电平期间对第九开关M9的驱动。
具体的，第六开关M6、第七开关M7、第八开关M8、第九开关M9可为MOS管、晶体管或继电器。
具体的，第七开关M7、第八开关M8和第九开关M9可为N型晶体管，第六开关M6可为P型晶体管。
本实施例提供的控制电路，通过进一步设置延时单元14，并将延时单元14分别与上电控制单元11和电池保护单元12连接，不仅能够使电芯为负载进行供电，有效避免电芯闲置时出现控制电路的自耗电问题；且不会增大具有该控制电路的电池的体积，能够节约生产成本；同时，通过设置存储电容CT，能够在电芯为负载进行充电的过程中，避免频繁出现充电中断的问题，同时能够延长电芯对负载的充电时间。
需要说明的是，上述控制信号具体可为电平信号。
下面对该控制电路的工作原理进行详细说明。
具体的，当电芯处于闲置状态时，负输出端P-和通信数据端口DA均无电压，第六开关M6、第七开关M7、第八开关M8和第九开关M9因无电压驱动而断开，此时，电池保护单元12没有供电，电芯的正输出端P+和负输出端P-没有放电输出，整个电路处于省电状态，从而能够有效避免电芯闲置时出现控制电路的自耗电问题。
而当电池与负载连接，即，电池的正输出端P+和负输出端P-分别与负载的对应端连接时，电池高电压由电芯的正极经正输出端P+输出，经负载漏电流加到电池的负输出端P-，第七开关M7从负输出端P-接收到第一子控制信号并在第一子控制信号的驱动下导通，进而驱动第六开 关M6导通，然后对存储电容CT充电，存储电容CT上的电压经电阻RD和电容CD积分延时后驱动第九开关M9导通，第二开关M2接收到来自上电控制单元11的第二控制信号后导通，进而使电池保护单元12与电芯的正极连通，电池保护单元12得以供电；电池保护单元12供电之后向第一开关M1输出第三控制信号，第一开关M1接收第三控制信号并在第三控制信号的驱动下导通，以将电芯的负极与负输出端P-连通，电芯开始对负载进行供电。当第一开关M1导通之后，即，电芯的负极藉由第一开关M1与负输出端P-连通之后，负输出端P-被接地电压GND，第七开关M7因失去第一子控制信号而断开，在第七开关M7断开期间，以存储电容CT上保持的电压持续驱动第九开关M9和第二开关M2持续导通，电池保护单元12可以继续工作，驱动电芯对负载进行供电；当负载上电启动后，负载与电池通过通信数据端口DA进行数据通信，此时可利用通信数据端口DA接收第二子控制信号，并在第二子控制信号的驱动下驱动第八开关M8导通，进而持续驱动第六开关M6导通，从而控制第二开关M2持续导通，以使电芯持续为负载供电；这样不仅能够使电芯为负载进行供电，且不会增大具有该控制电路的电池的体积，能够节约生产成本。
请参阅图9，图9为本申请一实施例提供的控制电路各时间阶段的波形图；具体的，控制电路在工作时，包括第一时间阶段t1、第二时间阶段t2、第三时间阶段t3、第四时间阶段t4和第五时间阶段t5；其中，第一时间阶段t1为负输出端P-通电后，存储电容CT充满电需要的时间，即，负输出端P-通电后，存储电容CT的电压达到与正输出端P+的电压相同时所需要的时间；第二时间阶段t2为负输出端P-通电之后到第九开关M9导通所需要的时间；第三时间阶段t3为从第一开关M1导通至负载与电池开始进行数据通信所需要的时间；第四时间阶段t4为通信数据端口DA最长低电平时间；第五时间阶段t5为电池与负载脱离(即正输出端P+和负输出端P-与负载脱离)到第九开关M9断开所需要的时间。
具体的，在第一时间阶段t1时，正输出端P+和负输出端P-分别与负载的对应端连接，电池高电压由电芯的正极经正输出端P+输出，经负 载漏电流加到电池的负输出端P-，此时负输出端P-为高电平，驱动第七开关M7和第六开关M6导通，开始对存储电容CT进行充电直至存储电容CT两端的电压与正输出端P+的电压相同；与此同时，存储电容CT缓慢向电容CD进行放电；该阶段第一开关M1和第二开关M2断开，且电池的通信数据端口DA与负载之间不进行数据通信。
在第二时间阶段t2时，存储电容CT在充电的同时持续向电容CD放电直至电容CD两端的电压能够驱动第九开关M9导通为止，即，第二开关M2的控制端能够通过第九开关M9与上电控制单元11连接为止。具体的，在该时间阶段，负输出端P-和存储电容CT的两端均为高电平，第二开关M2、第一开关M1仍处于断开状态，电池的通信数据端口DA与负载之间不进行数据通信。
在第三时间阶段t3时，存储电容CT为高电平，并持续对电容CD进行充电直至达到与存储电容CT相同的电压第九开关M9在高电平信号的驱动下导通，进而驱动第二开关M2和第一开关M1导通，负载开始进行初始化处理；此时，负输出端P-接地电压GND，第七开关M7因无法从负输出端P-再接收到控制信号而断开；电池的通信数据端口DA与负载之间没有进行数据通信。
在第四时间阶段t4时，负输出端P-为低电平，通信数据端口DA为低电平，存储电容CT和电容CD为高电平，在该阶段，存储电容CT持续放电以驱动第九开关M9、第二开关M2和第一开关M1导通。
在第五时间阶段t5时，负载与电池的正输出端P+和负输出端P-脱离，负输出端P-为低电平，存储电容CT开始对外放电以驱动第二开关M2和第一开关M1持续导通，直至存储电容CT两端的电压低于第九开关M9导通所需要的驱动电压为止。
本实施例提供的控制电路，通过在电芯闲置时将电芯的负极与负输出端P-断开，以防止控制电路出现自耗电问题；在电池与负载连接时，上电控制单元11中的第七开关M7通过从负输出端P-接收第一子控制信号以在第一子控制信号的驱动下导通，同时驱动第六开关M6导通，以给存储电容CT充电；存储电容CT向积分延时单元141放电，并驱 动第九开关M9导通，进而驱动第二开关M2导通，该过程不仅能够避免频繁出现电路中断的问题，且可延长电池为负载的供电时间；电池保护单元12上电之后向第一开关M1发送第三控制信号，第一开关M1在第三控制信号的驱动下将电芯的负极与负输出端P-导通，以使电芯为负载供电；当负载上电启动后，上电控制单元11则可通过通信数据端口DA接收第二子控制信号，并在第二子控制信号的驱动下持续驱动第九开关M9、第二开关M2和第一开关M1导通，使电芯持续为负载供电。从而不仅能够在避免增加新的控制端口的基础上实现电芯为负载的供电，且可避免电芯闲置时出现控制电路的自耗电问题；同时，不会增大具有该控制电路的电池的体积，能够节约生产成本。
请参阅图10，图10为本申请一实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；在本实施例中，提供一种电池1，该电池1具有控制电路10，该控制电路10具体可为上述实施例所涉及的控制电路，其具体结构、连接关系及工作原理，可参见上述任一实施例中关于控制电路的相关文字描述，在此不再赘述。
在一具体实施方式中，如一防爆电池中，该防爆电池具有上述实施例所涉及的控制电路；假设该防爆电池的容量为2400mAh，出厂时充电30％，即720mAh；在正常工作状态下，防爆电池的总消耗电流约为196.5uA。而当第一开关M1断开，防爆电池进入省电状态之后，防爆电池的总消耗电流约为3.5uA。由此可见，采用该控制电路10能够大大降低电池1的自耗电电量，延长电池1的使用寿命。
本实施例提供的电池1，通过设置上述实施例所提供的控制电路，不仅能够在连接负载时为负载进行供电，且能够有效避免电池1闲置时出现控制电路10的自耗电问题；同时，不会增大电池1的体积，能够节约生产成本。
以上仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种控制电路，其中，所述控制电路应用在电池上，所述电池包括电芯、正输出端和负输出端，所述正输出端和所述负输出端用于分别连接负载的供电端，以为所述负载供电；所述正输入端连接所述电芯的正极，其中，所述控制电路包括：
    第一开关，连接在所述电芯的负极与所述负输出端之间，其中，当所述电池未连接所述负载时，所述第一开关控制所述电芯的负极与所述负输出端之间的通路断开，且所述电芯的负极上的电压作为地电压；
    第二开关；
    上电控制单元，连接所述第二开关，其中，当所述电池连接所述负载时，所述上电控制单元工作以导通所述第二开关；
    电池保护单元，包括电源端、接地端和第一控制端，其中，所述电池保护单元的接地端连接所述地电压，所述电池保护单元的电源端通过所述第二开关而连接至所述电芯的正极，所述电池保护单元的第一控制端连接至所述第一开关；当所述第二开关导通时，所述电池保护单元的电源端与所述电芯的正极之间的通路导通，以使所述电池保护单元工作，且所述电池保护单元的第一控制端发出第一控制信号而导通所述第一开关，导通所述电芯的负极与所述负输出端之间的通路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控制电路，其中，所述上电控制单元包括：
    第一上电控制模块，连接所述负输出端和所述第二开关，其中，所述第一上电控制模块接收所述负输出端上的电压，以在所述电池连接所述负载时，通过所述负载而连接所述电芯的正极，从而工作以导通所述第二开关；且在所述第一开关导通后，所述第一上电控制模块停止工作；
    第二上电控制模块，连接所述第二开关，其中，当所述第二开关导通后，所述第二上电控制模块工作，以在所述第一上电控制模块停止工作后，所述第二上电控制模块控制所述第二开关持续地导通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的控制电路，其中，所述第一上电控制模块包括：
    第三开关，其中，所述第三开关的控制端连接至所述负输出端，所 述第三开关的第一通路端连接至所述第二开关的控制端，而所述第三开关的第二通路端连接至所述地电压。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的控制电路，其中，所述第二上电控制模块包括：
    第四开关，其中，所述第四开关的控制端连接至所述第二开关与所述电池保护单元的所述电源端之间的第一节点，所述第四开关的第一通路端连接至所述第二开关的控制端，而所述第四开关的第二通路端连接至所述地电压；
    其中，当所述第二开关导通后，所述第四开关的控制端通过导通的所述第二开关而接收所述电芯的正极上的电压，以使所述第四开关导通，所述第二上电控制模块工作以使所述第二开关继续导通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的控制电路，其中，所述第二上电控制模块进一步包括电阻，所述第四开关的控制端通过所述电阻而连接至所述第二开关与所述电池保护单元的所述电源端之间的所述第一节点。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的控制电路，其中，所述电池保护单元进一步包括数据端口和第二控制端口，其中，所述数据端口用于在所述电池与所述负载相连接时，与所述负载的数据端口相连接以进行数据通信；
    当所述数据端口中断与所述负载的数据通信的实时时长超过预设时长后，或者当所述数据端口接收的数据表明所述电芯的工作电流低于预设电流值的实时时长超过预设时长后，所述电池保护单元在所述第二控制端口发出第二控制信号，以使所述第二上电控制模块停止工作。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控制电路，其中，所述上电控制单元进一步包括：
    下电控制模块，连接所述电池保护单元的第二控制端和所述第二上电控制模块，当所述第二控制端发出所述第二控制信号时，所述下电控制模块工作，以使所述第二上电控制模块停止工作。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的控制电路，其中，所述下电控制模块包括：
    第五开关，其中，所述第五开关的控制端连接所述电池保护单元的所述第二控制端，所述第五开关的第一通路端连接所述第二上电控制模 块，而所述第五开关的第二通路端连接所述地电压。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的控制电路，其中，所述第一开关、所述第三开关、所述第四开关和所述第五开关分别为N型MOS管，而所述第二开关为P型MOS管。
  10. 一种电池，其中，包括如权利要求1所述的控制电路。
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