WO2022058901A1 - Paving material and method for paving an outdoor environment - Google Patents

Paving material and method for paving an outdoor environment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022058901A1
WO2022058901A1 PCT/IB2021/058397 IB2021058397W WO2022058901A1 WO 2022058901 A1 WO2022058901 A1 WO 2022058901A1 IB 2021058397 W IB2021058397 W IB 2021058397W WO 2022058901 A1 WO2022058901 A1 WO 2022058901A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aggregate
bodies
paving
layer
laying
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2021/058397
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
William CAGGIANO
Valerio BIAGINI
Original Assignee
Caggiano William
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caggiano William filed Critical Caggiano William
Publication of WO2022058901A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022058901A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/022—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by an organic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an aggregate for the paving of an outdoor environment, an outdoor paving and a method for paving an outdoor environment.
  • a paving solution is the use of aggregates of various sizes which are buried or connected to each other by a grid.
  • Other solutions comprise the use of wood, with tiles placed side by side and attached to each other.
  • the wooden paving known in the sector has the defect of not being sufficiently deformable for outdoor ground and there is therefore the risk of breaking when the weight exceeds a certain value.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide an aggregate for paving, a paving and a method for paving which overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the invention provides an aggregate (a compound, a mixture) for the paving of an outdoor environment.
  • the aggregate comprises a plurality of bodies.
  • the bodies are preferably made of wood.
  • the bodies of said plurality have a predetermined (average) size.
  • said plurality of bodies is defined by wooden chippings, that is to say, portions of wood broken up to a certain size.
  • the aggregate comprises a binding material.
  • the binding material is mixed with the plurality of bodies to bind together the bodies of said plurality.
  • the bodies of said plurality of bodies are spaced apart from each other to define a plurality of interstitial cavities.
  • the aggregate has a very high permeability and therefore allows a high level of drainage, which is fundamental in outdoor applications.
  • This advantage also makes it possible to avoid the provision of specific drainage channels or slopes, since the waterlogging is completely avoided by the high level of drainage.
  • the binding material includes a resin.
  • the resin is a single-component resin.
  • the resin is water-based.
  • the binding material is characterised by one or more of the following properties:
  • the binding material is a preparation not classified as hazardous for the environment.
  • the predetermined average size has a value of between 15 mm and 80 mm. According to a preferred embodiment, the predetermined average size has a value of between 30 mm and 50 mm.
  • the material is packaged in the form of tiles, preferably flat and prismatic in shape.
  • This form of packaging of the aggregate allows a much easier transport and application on the ground.
  • the invention provides a paving for outdoors comprising an aggregate according to any one of the preceding claims.
  • the invention provides a method for paving an outdoor environment having a supporting surface.
  • the method comprises a step of preparing a plurality of bodies, preferably made of wooden material and having a predetermined size.
  • the method comprises a step of preparing a binding material.
  • the method comprises a step of mixing the binding material with the plurality of bodies to bind together the bodies of said plurality and define an aggregate to be laid.
  • a specific mixer may be used for the mixing step, which reduces the quantity of material which remains adhered to the walls of the mixer and which increases the homogeneousness of the mixing.
  • the method comprises a step of releasing the aggregate to be laid on the supporting surface of the outdoor environment to define a laying layer.
  • the method comprises a step of levelling the laying layer, preferably using a tapping step.
  • the method comprises a step of first application of a first material.
  • the first material is preferably an adhesive, preferably in the liquid state.
  • the first material is applied on the supporting surface, before the step of releasing the material to be laid.
  • the method comprises a step of second application of a second material.
  • the second material is preferably an adhesive, preferably in the liquid state.
  • the second material is applied on the material to be laid, after the step of releasing the material to be laid.
  • the method comprises step of levelling the supporting surface.
  • the method comprises a step of applying a blocking layer.
  • the blocking layer is made with a material configured to allow a passage of water.
  • the blocking layer is made with a material configured to inhibit the growth of vegetation.
  • the blocking layer is interposed between the supporting surface and the laying layer.
  • the method comprises a step of applying an adaptation layer, achieved by applying crushed stone.
  • the crushed stone applied has an average size of between 2 mm and approximately 2 cm.
  • the method comprises a step of applying a grid.
  • the grid is made of plastic material.
  • the adaptation layer is interposed between the supporting surface and the laying layer.
  • the grid is interposed between the adaptation layer and the laying layer.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system for making an aggregate for paving
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an aggregate for a paving and a paving for outdoors
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a method for paving an outdoor environment.
  • the numeral 1 denotes an aggregate for paving an outdoor environment.
  • the aggregate 1 comprises a plurality of bodies 10, preferably made of wooden chippings.
  • the wooden chippings are made with fragments of wood of various types which are chopped according to a predetermined size.
  • the aggregate 1 comprise a binding material 11 configured to bind together the bodies 10 of said plurality and thus form an aggregate 1 , preferably plastic and deformable.
  • the binding material 11 is a material including water-based resin. Moreover, the binding material 11 is a single-component water-based resin.
  • the binding material 11 might include an expanded polyurethane primer.
  • the chippings 10 are between 30 and 50 mm in size, according to the preferred embodiment. However, depending on the filtering requirements, there may be a different average size, for example between 20 mm or 70 mm.
  • the chippings 10 and the binding material 11 are mixed in a mixer MS, by means of which the binding material is uniformly distributed between the bodies 10.
  • the aggregate 1 is applied in the context of a paving for outdoor environments, for making a draining paving.
  • a method is also described below, purely by way of an example, for paving an outdoor environment.
  • the method comprises a step of embanking F0.
  • a first and a second embankment 20A, 20B are spaced by a paving distance, to form the embankments and the limits of the paving.
  • the layers of material are then placed between the two embankments 20A, 20B.
  • the method comprises a levelling step F1 , in which a supporting surface SA of the outdoor environment is levelled with the methods known to experts in the sector, for making a flat surface on which to apply the paving.
  • the method comprises a step F2 of depositing a layer of crushed stone 21.
  • the depositing step F2 comprises depositing a layer of crushed stone with dimensions of between 1 mm and 30 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 20 mm.
  • the crushed stone deposited 21 is levelled and smoothed.
  • the method comprises a step F3 of applying a blocking layer 22.
  • the blocking layer 22 comprises a material which is impermeable to water, to allow correct drainage, but which inhibits the growth of the underlying vegetation, which could adversely affect the paving.
  • the method comprises a step F4 of applying a grid 23.
  • the grid 23 is preferably made of plastic.
  • the grid 23 is preferably a geogrid.
  • the method comprises a step of first application F5 of a first adhesive 24, above the geogrid 23.
  • the first adhesive 24 comprises resin.
  • the method comprises a step F6 of depositing the aggregate 1.
  • the aggregate 1 is deposited to define a laying layer 25.
  • the height of the depositing layer may be between 10 mm and 100 mm.
  • the method comprises a step of first application F7 of a second adhesive 26, above the laying layer 25.
  • the second adhesive 26 comprises resin.
  • the first adhesive 24 and the second adhesive 26 have a relative density of between 1 kg/l and 1.1 kg/l, preferably equal to 1 .04 kg/l.
  • the method comprises a tapping step F8, wherein the laying layer 25 is tapped in order to level it and form a flat paving.

Abstract

Described is an aggregate (1) for the paving of an outdoor environment, comprising: a plurality of bodies (10), made of wooden material and having a predetermined size; a binding material (11) mixed with the plurality of bodies (10) to bind together the bodies of said plurality. Said bodies of said plurality of bodies (10) are spaced apart from each other to define a plurality of interstitial cavities.

Description

DESCRIPTION
PAVING MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PAVING AN OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Technical field
This invention relates to an aggregate for the paving of an outdoor environment, an outdoor paving and a method for paving an outdoor environment.
Background art
The use of different types of paving is known in the prior art in the sector of paving of outdoor environments. A paving solution is the use of aggregates of various sizes which are buried or connected to each other by a grid. Other solutions comprise the use of wood, with tiles placed side by side and attached to each other.
These solutions are, however, relatively expensive and subject to deterioration due to external agents. Moreover, these solutions are not optimum in terms of drainage, which is a very important feature for outdoor paving.
Moreover, the wooden paving known in the sector has the defect of not being sufficiently deformable for outdoor ground and there is therefore the risk of breaking when the weight exceeds a certain value.
Aim of the invention
The aim of the invention is to provide an aggregate for paving, a paving and a method for paving which overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
Said aim is fully achieved by the aggregate, the paving and the method according to the invention as characterised in the appended claims.
According to an aspect of the invention, the invention provides an aggregate (a compound, a mixture) for the paving of an outdoor environment.
The aggregate comprises a plurality of bodies.
The bodies are preferably made of wood. The bodies of said plurality have a predetermined (average) size.
According to an embodiment, said plurality of bodies is defined by wooden chippings, that is to say, portions of wood broken up to a certain size. According to an embodiment, the aggregate comprises a binding material. The binding material is mixed with the plurality of bodies to bind together the bodies of said plurality. The bodies of said plurality of bodies are spaced apart from each other to define a plurality of interstitial cavities.
In this way, the aggregate has a very high permeability and therefore allows a high level of drainage, which is fundamental in outdoor applications. This advantage also makes it possible to avoid the provision of specific drainage channels or slopes, since the waterlogging is completely avoided by the high level of drainage.
According to an embodiment, the binding material includes a resin. According to an embodiment, the resin is a single-component resin.
According to an embodiment, the resin is water-based.
These features give environmentally-sustainable, non-toxic and in some cases recyclable properties to the aggregate.
In particular, according to an embodiment, the binding material is characterised by one or more of the following properties:
- physical liquid state;
- white colour;
- PH of between 8.0 and 9.0;
- Initial boiling point and boiling interval: 100 °C;
- Relative density between 1 g/cm3 (23°C) and 1 .5 g/cm3 (23°C).
Moreover, the binding material is a preparation not classified as hazardous for the environment.
According to an embodiment, the predetermined average size has a value of between 15 mm and 80 mm. According to a preferred embodiment, the predetermined average size has a value of between 30 mm and 50 mm.
Said ranges of sizes have shown very satisfactory results in terms of drainage following various experimental tests. In fact, for sizes which are too small, drainage is considerably reduced due to the reduction of the interstitial cavities. Vice versa, for very large sizes, it is complex to obtain a homogeneous and strong aggregate.
According to an embodiment, the material is packaged in the form of tiles, preferably flat and prismatic in shape.
This form of packaging of the aggregate allows a much easier transport and application on the ground.
According to an aspect of the invention, the invention provides a paving for outdoors comprising an aggregate according to any one of the preceding claims.
According to an aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for paving an outdoor environment having a supporting surface.
The method comprises a step of preparing a plurality of bodies, preferably made of wooden material and having a predetermined size.
The method comprises a step of preparing a binding material.
The method comprises a step of mixing the binding material with the plurality of bodies to bind together the bodies of said plurality and define an aggregate to be laid. A specific mixer may be used for the mixing step, which reduces the quantity of material which remains adhered to the walls of the mixer and which increases the homogeneousness of the mixing.
The method comprises a step of releasing the aggregate to be laid on the supporting surface of the outdoor environment to define a laying layer.
The method comprises a step of levelling the laying layer, preferably using a tapping step.
According to an embodiment, the method comprises a step of first application of a first material. The first material is preferably an adhesive, preferably in the liquid state. In the first application step, the first material is applied on the supporting surface, before the step of releasing the material to be laid.
According to an embodiment, the method comprises a step of second application of a second material. The second material is preferably an adhesive, preferably in the liquid state. In the second application step, the second material is applied on the material to be laid, after the step of releasing the material to be laid.
According to an embodiment, the method comprises step of levelling the supporting surface. The method comprises a step of applying a blocking layer. The blocking layer is made with a material configured to allow a passage of water. The blocking layer is made with a material configured to inhibit the growth of vegetation. The blocking layer is interposed between the supporting surface and the laying layer.
According to an embodiment, the method comprises a step of applying an adaptation layer, achieved by applying crushed stone. In particular, according to an embodiment, the crushed stone applied has an average size of between 2 mm and approximately 2 cm.
According to an embodiment, the method comprises a step of applying a grid. Preferably, the grid is made of plastic material.
According to an embodiment, the adaptation layer is interposed between the supporting surface and the laying layer. According to an embodiment, the grid is interposed between the adaptation layer and the laying layer.
Brief description of the drawings
These and other features will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, illustrated by way of nonlimiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 schematically illustrates a system for making an aggregate for paving;
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates an aggregate for a paving and a paving for outdoors;
- Figure 3 schematically illustrates a method for paving an outdoor environment.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 denotes an aggregate for paving an outdoor environment.
The aggregate 1 comprises a plurality of bodies 10, preferably made of wooden chippings. The wooden chippings are made with fragments of wood of various types which are chopped according to a predetermined size.
The aggregate 1 comprise a binding material 11 configured to bind together the bodies 10 of said plurality and thus form an aggregate 1 , preferably plastic and deformable.
The binding material 11 is a material including water-based resin. Moreover, the binding material 11 is a single-component water-based resin.
According to other possible embodiments, the binding material 11 might include an expanded polyurethane primer.
The chippings 10 are between 30 and 50 mm in size, according to the preferred embodiment. However, depending on the filtering requirements, there may be a different average size, for example between 20 mm or 70 mm.
To make the product, the chippings 10 and the binding material 11 are mixed in a mixer MS, by means of which the binding material is uniformly distributed between the bodies 10.
Subsequently, the aggregate 1 is applied in the context of a paving for outdoor environments, for making a draining paving.
A method is also described below, purely by way of an example, for paving an outdoor environment.
The method comprises a step of embanking F0. During the embanking step F0, a first and a second embankment 20A, 20B are spaced by a paving distance, to form the embankments and the limits of the paving. The layers of material are then placed between the two embankments 20A, 20B.
The method comprises a levelling step F1 , in which a supporting surface SA of the outdoor environment is levelled with the methods known to experts in the sector, for making a flat surface on which to apply the paving.
The method comprises a step F2 of depositing a layer of crushed stone 21. The depositing step F2 comprises depositing a layer of crushed stone with dimensions of between 1 mm and 30 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 20 mm. The crushed stone deposited 21 is levelled and smoothed.
The method comprises a step F3 of applying a blocking layer 22. The blocking layer 22 comprises a material which is impermeable to water, to allow correct drainage, but which inhibits the growth of the underlying vegetation, which could adversely affect the paving.
The method comprises a step F4 of applying a grid 23. The grid 23 is preferably made of plastic. The grid 23 is preferably a geogrid.
The method comprises a step of first application F5 of a first adhesive 24, above the geogrid 23. The first adhesive 24 comprises resin.
The method comprises a step F6 of depositing the aggregate 1. The aggregate 1 is deposited to define a laying layer 25. The height of the depositing layer may be between 10 mm and 100 mm.
The method comprises a step of first application F7 of a second adhesive 26, above the laying layer 25. The second adhesive 26 comprises resin.
According to an embodiment, the first adhesive 24 and the second adhesive 26 have a relative density of between 1 kg/l and 1.1 kg/l, preferably equal to 1 .04 kg/l.
The method comprises a tapping step F8, wherein the laying layer 25 is tapped in order to level it and form a flat paving.

Claims

7 CLAIMS
1 . Aggregate (1 ) for the paving of an outdoor environment, including:
- a plurality of bodies (10), made of wood material and having a pre- established size;
- a binding material (11 ), mixed with the plurality of bodies (10) to bind together the bodies (10) of said plurality, the bodies of said plurality of bodies (10) being spaced one to the other to define a plurality of interstitial cavities.
2. Aggregate (1 ) according to claim 1 , in which the binding material (11 ) includes a resin.
3. Aggregate (1 ) according to claim 2, in which the resin is a singlecomponent resin.
4. Aggregate (1 ) according to claim 2 or 3, where the resin is water-based.
5. Aggregate (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the fixed size is between 15 mm and 80 mm.
6. Aggregate (1 ) according to claim 5, in which the fixed size is between 30 mm and 50 mm.
7. Aggregate (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the material is packed in the form of flat, prismatic tiles.
8. Outdoor flooring includes aggregate (1) according to any of the preceding claims.
9. Method for paving an outdoor environment with a supporting surface (SA), the method includes the following steps:
- preparing a plurality of bodies (10), made of wood material and having a predetermined size;
- preparing a binding material (11 );
- mixing of the binding material (11 ) with the plurality of bodies (10) to bind the bodies of said plurality (10) and define an aggregate (1 ) to be laid.
10. Method according to claim 9, including the following steps:
- releasing the aggregate (1 ) to be laid on the support surface (SA) of the external environment to define a laying layer (25); 8
- levelling of the laying layer (25) by tapping (F8).
11 . Method according to claim 9 or 10, in which the method comprises the following steps:
- first applying (F5) a first liquid adhesive material (24), on the supporting surface (SA), before the releasing step (F6) of the aggregate (1 ) to be laid;
- second applying (F7) a second liquid adhesive material (26), on the laying aggregate (1 ), after the releasing step (F6) of the laying aggregate.
12. Method according to any of the claims from 9 to 11 , including the following steps:
- levelling of the bearing surface (F1 );
- applying (F3) a blocking layer (22), made with a material configured to allow a passage of water and inhibit the growth of vegetation, the blocking layer (22) being interposed between the support surface (SA) and the laying layer (25).
13. Method according to any of the claims from 9 to 12, including the following steps:
- applying (F1 ) an adaptation layer (21 ), realized through the application of crushed stone;
- applying (F4) a grid (23), made of plastic material, where the adaptation layer (21 ) is interposed between the supporting surface (SA) and the laying layer (25) and where the grid (23) is interposed between the adaptation layer (21 ) and the laying layer (25).
PCT/IB2021/058397 2020-09-15 2021-09-15 Paving material and method for paving an outdoor environment WO2022058901A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000021754 2020-09-15
IT202000021754 2020-09-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022058901A1 true WO2022058901A1 (en) 2022-03-24

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Country Status (1)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2900676A1 (en) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-09 Sas Cotecsol Soc Par Actions S Ruined flooring for use on site, has wood wastes incorporated in polymer type binder, where wood wastes are spread in unpredictable manner in binder that is selected from epoxy resins
US20180274182A1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 Pavedrain, Llc Ground Water Filtration System

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2900676A1 (en) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-09 Sas Cotecsol Soc Par Actions S Ruined flooring for use on site, has wood wastes incorporated in polymer type binder, where wood wastes are spread in unpredictable manner in binder that is selected from epoxy resins
US20180274182A1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 Pavedrain, Llc Ground Water Filtration System

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