WO2022057961A1

WO2022057961A1 - Solar thermal arrangement

Info

Publication number: WO2022057961A1
Application number: PCT/DE2021/000151
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stephan Witte; Markus BUNING; Thomas Schmidt
Original assignee: Flachglas Sachsen Gmbh
Priority date: 2020-09-16
Filing date: 2021-09-06
Publication date: 2022-03-24
Also published as: DE112021004870A5; DE202020003920U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar thermal arrangement having a profile glass (1), a heatpipe (2) and a heat carrier circuit (3), wherein the profile glass (1) has an outer half-shell (4.2) and an inner half-shell (4.1), and the half-shells (4.1, 4.2) form a vertically elongate profile glass cavity, wherein the heatpipe (2) has an elongate evaporator section (5), which is configured to absorb solar thermal radiation and to evaporate a working medium with an absorption of heat, and a condenser section (6), which is configured to condense the working medium with a release of heat and to provide a heat yield, and wherein the heat carrier circuit (3) has a heat carrier medium and a thermal coupling device (7), which is connected to the condenser section (6), and wherein the thermal coupling device (7) is configured to absorb the heat yield from the condenser section (6), wherein the elongate evaporator section (5) is arranged at least in certain sections in the profile glass cavity (4.3), and wherein the condenser section (6) and the thermal coupling device (7) are arranged above the evaporator section (5) and at least partially outside the profile glass cavity (4.3).

Description

solar thermal arrangement

The invention relates to a solar thermal arrangement for profiled glass elements.

The state of the art describes a variety of ways of obtaining heat from solar radiation. In principle, the solar thermal modules can be divided into two categories. On the one hand in individual modules, mounted on roofs, facades or installation elements and on the other hand as integrated elements in windows, facades, etc. The disadvantage of the solution with separate collectors is that in addition to existing components such as windows, doors, facade and roof elements with the solar element, another element is added that changes the appearance of the building, which mostly falls architecturally negatively into the overall picture.

Furthermore, it is known from the prior art that a fluid flows through a pipeline system as a heat transfer medium. The sections of the pipe system that meander through the collector absorb the solar radiation heat. Other sections are used to transport the heat transfer medium to a heat exchanger. The large fluid circuit is to be regarded as a disadvantage. All elements of the fluid circuit must have a sufficiently dimensioned pipeline cross-section in order to reduce pressure losses and to ensure a sufficient mass flow of the heat transfer medium.

It is basically known, for example from DE 200 16 216 U, to use the interior of a profiled glass arrangement for solar heat generation. In this case, elongated, strip-shaped individual collectors are used, which are provided with two collector strip pipes for a heat exchange medium. Disadvantages here are, in particular, the complex hydraulic routing of the heat transfer medium and the high installation effort due to the large number of collector strips that carry the heat transfer medium.

CONFIRMATION COPY The object of the invention is to provide a solution for solar heat generation for profiled glass that is highly efficient, simple and inexpensive to manufacture and install, and allows for high variability in heat generation and light transmission of the profiled glass.

The object is achieved by the features listed in claim 1. Preferred developments emerge from the dependent claims.

The basic components of the solar thermal arrangement according to the invention are profile glass, a heat pipe and a heat transfer medium circuit.

The profile glass has an outer and an inner half-shell. The half-shells form a vertically elongated profile glass cavity. The profile glass serves as a translucent facade element.

The mutual lining up of the U-shaped half-shells of the profile glass creates cavities that are closed to the outside. The profile glass is designed to be translucent, for example. The sunlight first penetrates the outer and then the inner half-shell. Therefore, the profile glass cavity is exposed to sunlight including the solar heat radiation component.

According to the invention, the solar thermal arrangement also has a heat pipe, which is arranged in the profile glass cavity to absorb the thermal radiation. The heat pipe acts as a so-called heat pipe. The heat pipe has an elongate evaporator section, which is designed to absorb solar heat radiation and to evaporate a working medium while absorbing heat. The now gaseous working medium flows into the condenser section. The condenser section is designed to condense the working medium with the release of heat and to provide the heat of condensation released in the process as yield heat. The working medium, which is liquid again after the condensation, flows back into the evaporator section and can be evaporated again. An internal cycle is formed. Due to the phase transitions of the working medium from liquid to gaseous in the evaporator section and from gaseous to liquid in the condenser section, the latent heat is used and a high transfer rate is thus achieved. At the same time, the desired phase change temperature can be set by selecting a suitable working medium. The solar thermal arrangement preferably has a large number of heat pipes, with a heat pipe then being assigned to each hollow profile glass body. Two or more heat pipes can also be assigned to a profiled glass hollow body.

The solar thermal arrangement also has a heat transfer circuit. The heat transfer circuit carries a heat transfer medium, such as water or an oil. In this case, the heat carrier circuit according to the invention has a thermal coupling device which is thermally connected to the condenser section of the heat pipe. The thermal coupling device is designed to receive the generated heat from the condenser section. The coupling device serves as a heat exchanger and transfers the yield heat to the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer circuit. As a result, the heat produced can be transported away and used further, for example to heat rooms, for hot water preparation or as process heat for industrial applications. The coupling device can be designed, for example, in such a way that the heat transfer medium flows directly around the outer wall of the condenser section or that sections of the coupling device are in surface contact with the outer wall of the condenser section and thus absorb the heat generated by thermal conduction and pass it on to the heat transfer medium.

According to the invention, the solar thermal arrangement is particularly characterized in that the elongated evaporator section is arranged at least in sections in the profiled glass cavity. The location and size of the evaporator section is dimensioned so that a desired amount of solar heat radiation hits it and can be used. The evaporator section is preferably arranged entirely in the profile glass cavity of the profile glass arrangement. The condenser section and thermal coupler are located above the evaporator section and at least partially outside of the profiled glass cavity. Preferably, the condenser section is located entirely outside of the profiled glass cavity. The connection to the heat circuit can be concealed in the roof area or in the lintel above the profiled glass elements.

The solar thermal arrangement according to the invention has the following advantages in particular:

Due to the design of the profiled glass, the heat pipe can be installed in a vertical position automatically and without the need for additional measures. Due to the vertical installation position, the heat pipe works solely by gravity and can be operated with a high level of efficiency.

As a further advantage, in contrast to the prior art, the profile glass interior can be kept free of a heat transfer medium. It is a dry thermal coupling. This simplifies installation and reduces the likelihood of defects and any maintenance interventions

As a result of the dry coupling, the line paths for the heat transfer medium can advantageously be shortened and preferably provided with larger cross sections. This reduces the hydraulic pressure losses and the energy and design effort for the circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer circuit.

There are two separate circuits with the inner circuit in the heat pipe and the heat transfer medium circuit. Due to the two thermally coupled but fluidically separate circuits, the working medium can be optimized depending on the desired temperature of the heat generated and have an evaporation temperature tailored to this. In this way, the yield heat can be significantly increased and the temperature of the heat carrier circuit can be regulated more easily. The amount of heat that can be absorbed and the transparency of the solar thermal arrangement can advantageously be adjusted by a number of measures, which can also be combined, depending on the application requirements. This can be achieved, for example, via the insertion depth of the evaporator section, the arrangement of heat-conducting, flat absorber bodies on the evaporator section, or a different degree of absorption or reflection of the surface of the evaporator section.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the vertical arrangement of the heat pipe allows simple assembly by simply inserting the heat pipe into the profile glass chamber from above and then hanging it, preferably provided with spacers for reliable lateral spacing from the walls of the half-shells.

In addition, it is an advantage of the solar thermal arrangement according to the invention that the sensitive heat pipe is reliably mechanically protected by the profile glass without additional measures due to the arrangement in the profile glass cavity.

In an advantageous development of the solar thermal arrangement, the thermal coupling device is designed to absorb the heat generated by thermal conduction and without contact of the condenser section with a heat transfer medium of the heat circuit.

According to this development, the heat pipe is only connected dry to the heat carrier circuit via a heat pipe. In this case, the coupling device preferably has shaped sections which are surrounded by the heat transfer medium on the back and are pressed flat onto a corresponding shaped section of the surface of the condenser section of the heat pipe. The heat transfer can be additionally improved by means known per se, such as a thermally conductive paste The advantage of this development consists in the low installation costs, the low probability of leakage, the simple exchangeability of a heat pipe and maintaining the operability in the event of damage to individual heat pipes in the case of the typical arrangement with a large number of heat pipes.

In another advantageous development, the inner half-shell of the profiled glass has a heat-reflecting surface.

Firstly, thermal radiation incident laterally at an angle can also be used in that it is absorbed by the rear side of the evaporator section after being reflected.

In addition, the development can be particularly advantageous if, in addition to heat reflection, there is a high transmission rate for visible light and perforated absorber surfaces are provided on the evaporator section. This enables reflection of the thermal radiation portion of the sunlight that has passed through the perforation openings of the evaporator section; at the same time, the visible light component of sunlight can penetrate the profile glass and is available, for example, inside a building. The reflected thermal radiation hits the evaporator section from the rear and increases the yield of the thermal radiation and thus also the effectiveness of the solar thermal arrangement.

In another advantageous development, the heat pipe has a flat absorber body. This is arranged in the profile glass cavity and is thermally connected to the evaporator section. Furthermore, the absorber body is designed to absorb the solar heat radiation and to forward it to the evaporator section.

The absorber body is preferably a flat, lateral continuation of the heat pipe in the form of a heat-conducting sheet metal. The absorber body can be monolithic to the heat pipe. One is also possible Training as a plate with a U-shaped central section, in which the evaporator section is clamped, so that lateral lugs form as absorption-effective surfaces.

The effective area of the evaporator section can be significantly increased. Furthermore, the absorber body can be easily adapted to the existing profile glass cavity. The width of the absorber body can be designed depending on the width of the existing profile glass cavities. Prefabricated by the meter, the absorber bodies can then be adjusted to the height of the profile glass cavities, which depends on the structure. This creates a flexible and easily adaptable construction product system. Depending on the orientation of the profile glass element to the sun, the heat yield can be increased by arranging the profile at an angle around the vertical axis. Alternatively, for example, either the morning sun or the evening sun can be used in a targeted manner.

In another advantageous development, the absorber body is designed to be partially permeable.

Partially permeable is understood in particular to mean that the absorber body has recesses in the form of holes, lamellae, perforations or other reductions in the effective absorber surface.

The light can partially shine through the absorber body. This means that light can still enter the building and sufficient daylight is guaranteed. Advantageously, the passage of light or the darkening can be set in a simple manner depending on the application requirements. For example, both locally limited light passage zones or shading zones as well as gradual darkening over the entire area—in particular by means of fine perforations—can be set.

In another advantageous development, the absorber bodies are designed so that their position can be changed. In this way, the absorber surface and thus the amount of heat absorbed can be changed. At the same time, the amount of light passing through can be changed. Variable position is understood to mean that the effective absorber area is changed overall by moving sections or changes in position of the absorber body, with the evaporator section being able to be either stationary or participating in the change in position. Also included are changes in the angular position relative to the direction of solar radiation.

If the absorber body is designed as a partially transparent grid body, as in a preceding claim, there is the possibility of a design as a displaceable link, for example. The size of the translucent rectangular openings can be changed in this way. In this way, the amount of heat absorbed and the proportion of light that shines through can be regulated.

In a further advantageous development based on this, the absorber body is designed to be pivotable about a vertical axis.

The solar radiation can thus be turned into the absorber body by aligning the absorber surface transversely to the direction of radiation. Conversely, it can be rotated out of the solar radiation by aligning the absorber surface parallel to the direction of radiation. Furthermore, intermediate positions are possible. In this way, an essentially stepless adjustment of the output can advantageously take place. At the same time, conversely, the passage of light is adjusted. In particular with a dry connection of the condenser sections in the coupling device of the heat circuit, the heat pipe can be twisted as a whole with the absorber body arranged on it. A servomotor is preferably provided.

In a variant of this design, the back of the absorber body is also designed to be reflective.

Thus, on the one hand, the incidence of light and the amount of heat absorbed can be controlled by rotating the absorber body around the vertical axis. On the other hand However, by twisting it through an angle of 180°, the incident sunlight can be thrown back on the reflecting surface. The heat input into the heat pipe is low. At the same time, shading and thus a reduction in the heat input into the building is achieved.

The invention is an exemplary embodiment based on

Fig. 1 schematic oblique representation of a solar thermal arrangement

Fig. 2 schematic oblique representation of a solar thermal arrangement with perforated absorber body

Fig. 3 Schematic oblique representation of a solar thermal arrangement with rotatable absorber body explained in more detail.

FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the solar thermal system in a schematic oblique representation.

In the profile body cavity 4.3 of a profile glass 1, the heat pipe 2 is arranged. In the exemplary embodiment, the solar thermal arrangement is formed by a plurality of heat pipes 2 in a plurality of profile body cavities 4.3.

Connected to the heat pipes 2 is the heat transfer circuit 3, which carries the heat transfer medium. The solar heat radiation penetrates the outer half-shell 4.2 and thus reaches the profile body cavity 4.3, where it hits the evaporator section 5 of the heat pipe 2. Here, the heat radiation falls in particular on the absorber body 8 of the heat pipe 2. The absorber body 8 is fixed to the evaporator section 5 by two connected wings formed and consists of a material with good thermal conductivity. The absorber body 8 heats up as a result of the solar heat radiation and dissipates the heat to the evaporator section 5 , which evaporates a working medium that is materially separate from the heat carrier circuit 3 . The vaporized working medium rises in the heat pipe 2 and reaches the condenser section 6, to which a thermal coupling device 7 to the heat carrier circuit 3 is attached. Here the heat from the vaporized working medium is transferred to the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer circuit 3 as the yield heat. The vaporized working medium condenses releasing the heat of condensation and sinks in the liquid aggregate state in the heat pipe 2 back into the evaporator section 5 of the heat pipe 2 to be heated and vaporized again there, so that the inner circuit is closed.

The basic structure of the further exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, so that reference is first made to the description sections there.

In FIG. 2, the absorber bodies 8 are also perforated in the form of slits and thus allow part of the solar radiation and thus the visible light to penetrate to the inner half-shell and through it into the interior of a building. While the outer half-shell 4.2 has a high transmission rate for both visible light and thermal radiation, the inner half-shell 4.1 is designed to be selectively reflective for thermal radiation but transparent for visible light, so that the thermal radiation component of the solar radiation that has penetrated through the slit-shaped perforation is reflected. A high proportion of the reflected thermal radiation impinges on the absorber body 8 on its rear side and additionally heats it up.

Figure 3 shows another embodiment. This also corresponds in its basic structure to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, so that reference is first made again to the description sections there. According to FIG. 3, the absorber bodies 8, which are firmly connected to the respective heat pipe 2, are arranged such that they can rotate about the hollow axis. For this purpose, the capacitor sections 6 are formed rotationally symmetrically and can be rotated via an actuator 9 in the respective thermal coupling device 7 . The condenser sections 6 remain in thermal transfer contact with the respective thermal coupling device 7, regardless of their angular position. According to FIG. It is also possible to perform the twisting for all heat pipes 2 uniformly.

Reference signs used

1 profile glass

2 heat pipe

3 heat transfer circuit

4.1 inner half shell

4.2 outer half shell

4.3 profile glass cavity

5 evaporator section

6 capacitor section

7 thermal coupler

8 absorber body

9 actuator

Claims

patent claims

1. Solar thermal arrangement, having a profiled glass (1), a heat pipe (2), and a heat carrier circuit (3), wherein the profiled glass (1) has an outer half-shell (4.2) and an inner half-shell (4.1) and the half-shells (4.1, 4.2) forming a vertically elongated profile glass cavity, the heat pipe (2) having an elongated evaporator section (5) which is designed to absorb solar heat radiation and to evaporate a working medium while absorbing heat, and a condenser section (6) which is designed to release the working medium while emitting heat to condense and to provide yield heat, and wherein the heat transfer circuit (3) has a heat transfer medium and a thermal coupling device (7) which is connected to the condenser section (6) and wherein the thermal coupling device (7) for receiving the yield heat from the condenser section (6) is formed, wherein the elongated evaporator section (5) at least is arranged in sections in the profile glass cavity (4.3) and wherein the condenser section (6) and the thermal coupling device (7) are arranged above the evaporator section (5) and at least partially outside the profile glass cavity (4.3).

2. Solar thermal arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal coupling device (7) is designed to absorb the heat produced by conduction and without contact of the condenser section (6) with the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer circuit (3).

. Solar thermal arrangement according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inner half-shell (4.1) has a heat-reflecting surface. . Solar thermal arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat pipe (2) has a flat absorber body (8), the absorber body (8) being arranged in the profiled glass cavity (4.3) and being connected to the evaporator section (5) and designed to be solar Take up thermal radiation and transfer it to the evaporator section (5) by means of thermal conduction. . Solar thermal arrangement according to Claim 4, characterized in that the absorber body (8) is designed to be partially permeable. . Solar thermal arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the absorber body (8) is designed so that its position can be changed.

7. Solar thermal arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the absorber body (8) is designed to be pivotable about a vertical axis.

8. Solar thermal arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the absorber body (8) is designed to be reflective on the back.

ALSO THREE PAGES OF DRAWINGS