WO2022054755A1 - 蛍光色素剤及び腫瘍細胞の検出方法 - Google Patents
蛍光色素剤及び腫瘍細胞の検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/001—Preparation for luminescence or biological staining
- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/0019—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules
- A61K49/0021—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules the fluorescent group being a small organic molecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
- C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D295/112—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the doubly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/001—Pyrene dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
- G01N2001/302—Stain compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluorescent dye used for detecting tumor cells and a method for detecting tumor cells.
- HE staining hematoxylin and eosin staining
- HE staining not only tumor cells but also normal tissues are stained and the light transmission is deteriorated, so that thin slices of tissue specimens are required. Since sliced specimens have only two-dimensional information, it is necessary to prepare and observe many sections in order to determine the distribution range of tumor cells. In addition, preparation of tissue specimens requires advanced skills, is complicated and takes a long time.
- Patent Document 1 a means for detecting a skin disease by irradiating light without using a dye for staining and utilizing the difference in Raman scattering between abnormal tissue and normal tissue has also been reported (for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 a means for detecting a skin disease by irradiating light without using a dye for staining and utilizing the difference in Raman scattering between abnormal tissue and normal tissue has also been reported (for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 a means for detecting a skin disease by irradiating light without using a dye for staining and utilizing the difference in Raman scattering between abnormal tissue and normal tissue has also been reported (for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 a means for detecting a skin disease by irradiating light without using a dye for staining and utilizing the difference in Raman scattering between abnormal tissue and normal tissue has also been reported (for example, Patent Document 1).
- solvatochromism a phenomenon in which the absorption maximum wavelength, the fluorescence wavelength, or both of them change due to a change in the polarity of surrounding molecules such as a solvent.
- Compounds exhibiting solvatochromism are typically polarized by intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) when photoexcited. Since the stability of the excited state of the polarized molecule changes depending on the degree of polarity of the solvent molecule, the energy difference between the excited state and the ground state of the molecule changes based on the polarity of the solvent.
- ICT intramolecular charge transfer
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene (PK) and its aldehyde analog (PA) as a compound exhibiting such solvatochromism. It is also described that PK was used to stain normal tissue or HeLa cells.
- PK 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene
- PA aldehyde analog
- Non-Patent Document 1 does not describe an example in which a tissue containing both normal cells and tumor cells is stained with a compound exhibiting solvatochromism. Further, the document does not describe that normal cells and tumor cells can be distinguished from each other by the difference in fluorescence wavelength caused by solvatochromism.
- the present inventors have found that tumor cells in a tissue can be easily detected by applying a fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism to staining a tissue derived from a living body, and the present invention has been made. Completed.
- the present invention provides the following fluorescent dyes.
- the compound comprises a condensed polycyclic ⁇ -conjugated structure having 2 to 6 rings.
- the compound further contains one or more hydrophilic substituents containing one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of boron, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and halogen.
- the compound is selected from the compounds represented by the following chemical formula (II), 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene, Nile Red, POLARIC TM , Laurdan, di-4-ANEPPDHQ, Prodan and derivatives thereof.
- the present invention provides the following method.
- a method for detecting tumor cells which comprises staining a tissue derived from a living body with a fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism.
- a method for identifying the extent of tumor removal in a tissue in the living body which comprises staining the living body with a fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism.
- Use of compounds exhibiting solvatochromism for the production of therapeutic or diagnostic compositions for tumors.
- Tumor cells stained with the fluorescent dye of the present invention can be easily distinguished from normal cells and detected.
- the fluorescent dye of the present invention can easily and quickly stain living tissues.
- FIG. 1 is a chart of (left) absorption spectrum measurement and (right) fluorescence spectrum measurement (normalization) of PC (Compound A) in an organic solvent in Examples.
- FIG. 1A is a two-photon microscope image of the Paget's disease lesion tissue in Test Example 1. The area corresponding to one tumor cell (paget cell) is indicated by an arrowhead.
- FIG. 2B is a two-photon microscope image of a healthy skin tissue.
- FIG. 3A is a two-photon microscope image of the Paget's disease lesion tissue in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 3B is a two-photon microscope image of the Paget's disease lesion tissue in Test Example 2.
- the arrowhead represents a paget cell infiltrating around the hair follicle.
- FIG. 4C is a two-photon microscope image of the melanoma lesion tissue in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 4A is a two-photon microscope image of a healthy skin tissue in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 4B is a two-photon microscope image of the Paget's disease lesion tissue in Test Example 3. Arrowheads represent Paget cells proliferated in the epidermis.
- FIG. 4C is a two-photon microscope image of the melanoma lesion tissue in Test Example 3. Arrowheads represent melanoma cells proliferated in the epidermis.
- FIG. 4A is a two-photon microscope image of a healthy skin tissue in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 4B is a two-photon microscope image of the Paget's disease lesion tissue in Test Example 3. Arrowheads represent Paget cells proliferated in the epidermis.
- FIG. 4C is a two-photon microscope image of the melanoma lesion tissue in Test Example 3. Arrowheads represent melanoma cells proliferated in the epidermis.
- FIG. 4A is a two-photon microscope image of
- Panel 5 is a two-photon microscope image of the mucosal epithelial tissue of the rectum in Test Example 4.
- Panels A and B are healthy rectal parts, and panels C and D are well-differentiated adenocarcinoma parts of the rectum.
- the term "compound exhibiting solvatochromism” refers to the polarity (hydrophobicity) around the compound. Represents a compound in which the absorption maximum wavelength, the fluorescence maximum wavelength, or both of them change depending on the change.
- the SC compounds of the present invention have different cell membrane environments (eg, polarity and orientation of molecules in the membrane, membrane fluidity, etc.) in normal cells and tumor cells.
- cell membrane environments eg, polarity and orientation of molecules in the membrane, membrane fluidity, etc.
- the present invention is used for the detection of tumor cells in tissues derived from living organisms, and includes a fluorescent dye containing an SC compound.
- the living body is not particularly limited as long as it is a multicellular animal, and is preferably a mammal (including humans and non-human mammals), and more preferably a human.
- Tissues include, for example, skin, brain, spinal cord, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, duodenum, rectum, liver, pancreas, bile sac, bladder, kidney, heart, spleen, thoracic gland, prostate, uterus, ovary, testis, breast, lung. , Bronchi, eyeball, nose, sinus, oral cavity, pharynx, salivary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, muscle, bone marrow, blood vessel, nerve, lymph node, peritoneum, diaphragm, blood and the like.
- the tissue is the skin, eg, the epidermis, the dermis, or a combination thereof.
- the tissue is the rectum.
- the fluorescent dye agent of the present invention is applied to, for example, a tissue separated from a living body by surgical treatment such as excision, excision, puncture, blood sampling, or the above-mentioned tissue obtained from stool, urine, sweat or other body fluid. can do.
- the morphology of the tissue can be appropriately selected depending on the detection method, but may be, for example, an organ or an organ itself, or a sliced section or a three-dimensional fragment thereof.
- the above-mentioned structure may be subjected to, for example, a fixing treatment with formalin or the like, a paraffin embedding, a deparaffinizing treatment, a dehydration treatment, a clearing treatment, or the like.
- the tumor detected by the fluorescent dye agent of the present invention may be benign or malignant (cancer, sarcoma cells, etc.), but is preferably a malignant tumor.
- the type of tumor cells is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tumors that develop in the above tissues.
- the tumor is a skin tumor.
- Such tumors include, for example, sweat glandular tumors (extramammary Paget's disease, breast Paget's disease, Eklin sweat pore cancer, microcystic appendage cancer, cutaneous mucous cancer, etc.), malignant sarcoma (melanoma), epidermis / hair.
- Sacral tumors (basal cell carcinoma, spinous cell carcinoma, sunlight keratosis, Bowen's disease, scab disease, keratoacantoma, etc.), nervous system tumors (merkel cell carcinoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, etc.), mesenchymal tumors (Prominent cutaneous fibrosarcoma, solitary fibrous sarcoma, muscular tumor, liposarcoma, angiosarcoma, capocystoma, spindle cell vascular endothelial tumor, allogeneic fibrous sarcoma, epithelial sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, undifferentiated polymorphism Cell sarcoma, etc.).
- the tumor is extramammary Paget's disease or malignant melanoma.
- the SC compound is not particularly limited as long as it is applicable to tissues derived from living organisms.
- the SC compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but usually, a clear stained image can be obtained by using one SC compound alone.
- the molecular weight of the SC compound can be, for example, 800 or less, 700 or less, 600 or less, 500 or less, or 450 or less. Further, the molecular weight of the SC compound can be, for example, 200 or more.
- the SC compound can be distributed in the cell membrane and cells, and in a specific embodiment, the SC compound can be inserted into the cell membrane. In one embodiment, the SC compound exhibits strong fluorescence anisotropy on the cell membrane. In one embodiment, the SC compound has the property of having a lower fluorescence intensity extracellularly than in the cell membrane and / or intracellular. In certain embodiments, the SC compound is substantially non-fluorescent to be observed extracellularly. Although not particularly limited, for example, the extracellular fluorescence intensity of the SC compound is 50% or less, 40% or less, 30% or less, 20% or less, 10% or less, 5% or less or 1% of the intracellular fluorescence intensity.
- the cells derived from the tissue to be the subject of the present invention are irradiated with light having a wavelength capable of exciting the SC compound, and then fluorescent under the condition that the light having the maximum fluorescence wavelength can be detected. This is done by taking microscopic images and comparing the average signal intensities of intracellular and extracellular fluorescence.
- the SC compound comprises a condensed polycyclic ⁇ -conjugated structure having 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 rings.
- a fused polycyclic ⁇ -conjugated structure is a polycyclic structure in which two or more rings containing delocalized ⁇ electrons are condensed, and one or more heteroatoms (nitrogen, oxygen) such as a benzophenoxazine ring. , Sulfur, etc.) may be contained.
- the fused polycyclic ⁇ -conjugated structure is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon structure (eg, naphthalene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc.).
- the SC compound comprises a pyrene skeleton (4 rings) as a condensed polycyclic ⁇ -conjugated structure.
- the SC compound containing a pyrene skeleton is particularly suitable for the application of the present invention because the fluorescence quantum yield is high even if the molecular size is reduced.
- the SC compound comprises a structure in which 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 conjugate rings are conjugate to each other.
- the conjugated ring includes a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a fluorene ring, a pyridine ring, a thiophene ring, a pyrrole ring, a furan ring, a benzothiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzopyrol ring, an imidazole ring, a quinoline ring, and an isoquinolin.
- One or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of a ring, a carbazole ring, a thiazole ring and a dibenzothiophene ring can be mentioned.
- the SC compound is hydrophilic and contains at least one atom selected from the group consisting of boron, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and halogen from the viewpoint of improving water solubility and promoting dispersion in cell membranes and cells. It preferably contains one or more substituents.
- the hydrophilic substituent contained in the SC compound is one selected from the group consisting of a tertiary amino group, a quaternary ammonium group and a carbonyl group (excluding an aldehyde group) from the viewpoint of suppressing a reaction with a biomolecule. It is preferable to contain alone or two or more kinds.
- the SC compound is PC, 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene (PK), Nile Red, POLARIC TM , which is a compound represented by the following chemical formula (II). It is selected from Laurdan, di-4-ANEPPDHQ, Prodan or derivatives thereof.
- the SC compound is selected from PC, PK, Nile Red and POLARIC, preferably PC or PK, more preferably PC.
- PK 1-Acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene
- I 1-Acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene
- PC is also called (E) -1- (6- (piperidine-1-yl) pyrene-1-yl) hexa-1-en-3-one, and is an SC compound represented by the following chemical formula (II). Is. As shown in the examples, high fluorescence quantum yields are exhibited with various solvents.
- Nile red is a compound with CAS number 7385-67-3.
- POLARIC is a compound and a derivative thereof described in Chem. Lett., 2011, Vol.40, pp.989-991, and examples thereof include those sold as the POLARIC series of Goryo Chemical, Inc.
- Laurdan is a compound with CAS No. 74515-25-6. Details of di-4-ANEPPDHQ are described in, for example, Biophys. J., 2006, Vol. 90, Issue 7, p. 2563-2575.
- Prodan is a compound of CAS No. 70504-01-7.
- PC, PK or Nile Red are preferable because they have good photostability and high fluorescence quantum yield. Further, PK and PC are more preferable because they are less adsorbed to non-specific tissues than Nile Red, tend to have a large difference in fluorescence wavelength between tumors and normal tissues, and can suppress background fluorescence.
- the absorption maximum wavelength of the SC compound is, for example, between 300 and 600 nm in a 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 25 ° C.
- the absorption maximum wavelength of the SC compound is, for example, 300 nm, 310 nm, 320 nm, 330 nm, 340 nm, 350 nm, 360 nm, 370 nm, 380 nm, 390 nm, 400 nm, 410 nm, 420 nm, 430 nm, 440 nm, 450 nm, 460 nm, 470 nm, 480 nm, 490 nm.
- It can be in the range between any two values selected from the group consisting of 500 nm, 510 nm, 520 nm, 530 nm, 540 nm, 550 nm, 560 nm, 570 nm, 580 nm, 590 nm and 600 nm.
- the maximum absorption wavelength of PK is as shown in Table S1 of Supporting Information of Analytical Chemistry, 2020, Vol.92, Issue 9, p.6512-6520, at room temperature, in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). , 407 nm.
- the difference between ⁇ Met and ⁇ Hep of the SC compound is 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, 90 nm or more, 100 nm or more, or 110 nm or more.
- the larger the difference between ⁇ Met and ⁇ Hep the easier it is to detect the tumor tissue with high contrast with respect to the healthy tissue, which is preferable.
- the difference between ⁇ Met and ⁇ Hep of the SC compound can be 300 nm or less, 200 nm or less, or 150 nm or less.
- the difference between ⁇ DMSO and ⁇ Tol of the SC compound is, for example, 20 nm or more, 30 nm or more, 40 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, 90 nm or more, or 100 nm or more.
- the larger the difference between ⁇ DMSO and ⁇ Tol the easier it is to detect the tumor tissue with high contrast with respect to the healthy tissue, which is preferable.
- the difference between ⁇ DMSO and ⁇ Tol of the SC compound may be 200 nm or less, 180 nm or less, 160 nm or less, 140 nm or less, or 120 nm or less.
- the maximum two-photon absorption wavelength of the SC compound is preferably between, for example, 600 to 1200 nm in a 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 25 ° C. Since such SC compounds can be excited by light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by biological substances in tissues, they are suitable for use in two-photon microscopy.
- the fluorescent dye comprises the SC compound alone.
- the fluorescent dye further comprises any one alone or a combination of two or more, such as a pH buffer, a surfactant, a salt, a solvent, a dye composition different from the SC compound, and the like. May be good.
- pH buffer examples include tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane; good buffer (HEPES, MOPS, etc.); and citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, imidazole, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, and glycine.
- HEPES good buffer
- MOPS MOPS
- citric acid acetic acid
- lactic acid lactic acid
- oxalic acid phthalic acid
- imidazole triethanolamine
- diethanolamine diethanolamine
- glycine glycine
- a pH buffer containing boric acid, phosphoric acid, or carbonic acid one alone or a combination of two or more selected from the group.
- the solvent for example, one selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, methanol, 2-propanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, acetone, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dichloroethane. It may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the dye composition different from the SC compound is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the detection of tumor cells by the SC compound.
- nuclear dyes such as propidium iodide (PI), ethidium bromide, acridine orange, DAPI, and Hoechst do not interfere with the staining of SC compounds and can be preferably used.
- a dye composition different from the SC compound for example, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, Azan staining, Masson trichrome staining, Elastica Wangison staining, sinter silver staining, Victoria blue staining, PAM staining, PTAH staining.
- HE hematoxylin eosin
- Zudan III stain oil red O stain, PAS stain, alcian blue stain, toluidin blue stain, colloidal iron stain, muticalmine stain, congo red stain, Dylon stain, Grimerius stain, Fontana Masson stain, Kossa stain, Berlin blue stain, Dye compositions used for various tissue stains such as Bodian stain, Kluber-Vallera stain, and Gimza stain can be used. These other dye compositions can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the dosage form of the fluorescent dye of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include solids such as powders and liquids.
- the SC compound When the tissue is stained with the fluorescent dye of the present invention, the SC compound can be distributed in both the tumor cells and the cells of the normal tissue, but the fluorescence wavelength of the SC compound in the tumor cells shifts from the fluorescence wavelength in the cells of the normal tissue. .. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the wavelength of fluorescence to be detected, tumor cells are detected with high contrast with normal tissue.
- the fluorescent dye of the present invention can be used for examination or diagnosis of tumors, particularly malignant tumors.
- the fluorescent dye agent of the present invention may be applied to a living body itself or a tissue that is a part of the living body and is not separated from the living body.
- the fluorescent dye of the present invention When applied to a living body, the fluorescent dye of the present invention can be used for diagnosing tumors, especially malignant tumors. Further, the fluorescent dye agent of the present invention is used as a part of the treatment for removing a tumor in a living body, in particular, in order to identify the removal range of the cancer or to confirm whether or not the tumor is left behind. It may be applied to the living body before, during, or after the treatment.
- the fluorescent dye of the present invention can be, for example, a reagent used for clinical tests, basic research, etc., as well as a pharmaceutical product or a quasi-drug.
- kits The fluorescent dye of the present invention can also be made into a kit, for example, in combination with reagents and instruments for staining or preparing a tissue specimen.
- the kit comprises reagents for preparing a stain.
- the reagent for preparing a staining solution is, for example, one kind alone or a mixture of two or more kinds selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned pH buffering agent, surfactant, salt, solvent and another dye composition. May include.
- the present invention includes a method for detecting tumor cells, which comprises staining a tissue derived from a living body with a fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism.
- Examples of the fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism include those described in the above [Fluorescent dye].
- tissues derived from living organisms include those described in the above [Fluorescent dye] section.
- the method of the present invention may include the step of preparing those tissues.
- the method of the invention applies to an organ or the organ itself or a tissue that is a three-dimensional fragment thereof.
- tissue transparency method include TDE method, LUCID method, CLARITY method, PACT / PARS method, CUBIC method, 3DISCO method, Scale method, ScaleS method, SeeDB method, FocusClear method, Clear method, BABB method, and iDISCO method.
- the uDISCO method and the like can be mentioned.
- the method of the present invention is applied to the living body itself or a tissue that is a part of the living body and is not separated from the living body.
- the method of the present invention is applied to sliced sections.
- Sliced sections are optionally subjected to treatments such as fixation, dehydration, dealcoholization, paraffin infiltration, paraffin embedding, deparaffinization, water immersion, and staining using the above-mentioned various tissue staining methods, which are usually used in clinical examinations. May be good.
- Staining is usually performed by contacting the tissue with a staining solution containing an SC compound.
- concentration of the SC compound in the stain solution is, for example, 0.001 mg / mL or more, 0.01 mg / mL or more, 0.1 mg / mL or more, 0.2 mg / mL or more, 0. 3 mg / mL or more, 0.4 mg / mL or more, 0.5 mg / mL or more, 0.6 mg / mL or more, 0.7 mg / mL or more, 0.8 mg / mL or more, 0.9 mg / mL or more or 1 mg / mL It is adjusted to the above.
- the concentration of the SC compound in the staining solution is, for example, 500 mg / mL or less, 200 mg / mL or less, 100 mg / mL or less, 50 mg / mL or less, 20 mg / mL or less, 10 mg / mL with respect to the total amount of the staining solution. Hereinafter, it is adjusted to 5 mg / mL or less or 2 mg / mL or less.
- the temperature at the time of dyeing is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0 to 80 ° C, 4 to 50 ° C, 20 to 45 ° C, and preferably 35 ° C to 42 ° C.
- the time for contacting the stain with the tissue is 20 to 40 ° C., for example, 1 minute or more, 10 minutes or more, 20 minutes or more, 1 hour or more, 2 hours or more, 1 day or more or 2 days or more, for example, 14 Less than a day or less than 7 days.
- the time for contacting the stain with the tissue is 35-40 ° C., for example, 12 hours or less, 6 hours or less, preferably 2 hours or less, more preferably 1 hour or less, still more preferably 30 minutes.
- it is even more preferably 10 minutes or less, and for example, it may be 1 minute or more, 2 minutes or more, 5 minutes or more, or 10 minutes or more.
- the tissue stained with the staining solution containing the SC compound can be used as it is for the detection of tumor cells, but may optionally undergo a treatment such as staining with another dye composition before the detection.
- the method of the present invention may further include a step of detecting tumor cells.
- Detection of tumor cells is performed, for example, by exciting an SC compound with light of an appropriate wavelength and detecting the emitted fluorescence.
- a confocal laser scanning microscope can be used, and depending on the thickness of the section, a two-photon microscope or the like capable of multiphoton excitation is used.
- the compound (PC) of the chemical formula (II) or 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene (PK) is used as the SC compound, it is suitable for measurement by a two-photon microscope as shown in Examples.
- PC is particularly suitable for detecting deeper tumors because the fluorescence maximum wavelength is even larger than that of PK.
- tumor cells are detected by selecting fluorescence containing one particular wavelength and measuring its fluorescence intensity such that contrast is obtained between the tumor cells and cells of normal tissue. ..
- the detection of tumor cells is performed by multi-wavelength measurement. That is, tumor cells are detected by detecting fluorescence containing two or more different specific wavelengths and integrating the respective fluorescence intensities.
- the detected fluorescence includes one or more wavelengths selected from the range of, for example, 450 to 550 nm, 480 nm to 520 nm or 490 nm to 500 nm. In certain embodiments, the detected fluorescence comprises light at 495 nm.
- the detection method of the present invention as described in the above-mentioned [Fluorescent dye] section, it is possible to inspect the tumor, specify the removal range of the tumor, diagnose the tumor, or treat the tumor.
- the present invention includes the following preferred embodiments: ⁇ 1> A fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism for detecting tumor cells in a tissue derived from a living body. ⁇ 2> A kit containing the fluorescent dye according to ⁇ 1>. ⁇ 3> A method for detecting tumor cells, which comprises staining a tissue derived from a living body with a fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism. ⁇ 4> A method for identifying the extent of tumor removal in a tissue in the living body, which comprises staining the living body with a fluorescent dye containing a compound exhibiting solvatochromism.
- the compound contains a condensed polycyclic ⁇ -conjugated structure having 2 to 6 rings, and preferably contains a pyrene skeleton.
- the compound further contains one or more hydrophilic substituents containing one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of boron, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and halogen.
- the molecular weight of the compound is 800 or less, 700 or less, 600 or less, 500 or less or 450 or less, and 200 or more.
- the compound is a compound represented by the following chemical formula (II), 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene, Nile Red, POLARIC TM , Laurdan, di-4-ANEPPDHQ, Prodan. And their derivatives, preferably the compound represented by the chemical formula (II), 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene, Nile Red and POLARIC, more preferably the compound represented by the chemical formula (II) or It is 1-acetyl-6-piperidylpyrene, more preferably a compound represented by the chemical formula (II).
- the absorption maximum wavelength of the compound is 300 to 600 nm in a 20 mM phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 25 ° C., for example, 300 nm, 310 nm, 320 nm, 330 nm.
- Hep the maximum fluorescence wavelength in n-heptane at 25 ° C.
- the SC compounds ⁇ Met and ⁇ The difference in Hep is 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, 90 nm or more, 100 nm or more, or 110 nm or more, and 300 nm or less, 200 nm or less or 150 nm or less.
- ⁇ 16> when the maximum fluorescence wavelength in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 25 ° C is ⁇ DMSO and the maximum fluorescence wavelength in toluene at 25 ° C is ⁇ Tol , the SC compound ⁇ DMSO .
- the difference between ⁇ Tol and ⁇ Tol is 20 nm or more, 30 nm or more, 40 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, 90 nm or more or 100 nm or more, and 200 nm or less, 180 nm or less, 160 nm or less 140 nm or less or 120 nm.
- the living body is a human or a non-human mammal.
- the tissues in which the tumor or tumor cells are present are skin, brain, spinal cord, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, duodenum, rectum, liver, pancreas, bile sac, bladder, kidney, and heart.
- the tumor is a malignant tumor.
- the tissue in which the tumor or the tumor cell is present is the skin.
- the tumor is selected from sweat gland tumors, malignant melanomas, epidermal / hair follicle tumors, nervous system tumors and mesenchymal tumors, preferably extramammary Paget's disease or malignant melanoma.
- High resolution mass spectrometry High-resolution mass spectrometry was measured using a high-resolution mass spectrometer (manufactured by JEOL Ltd .: JMS-700). The results obtained with the above compound A are shown below.
- HRMS ESI +
- the absorption spectrum and the fluorescence spectrum were measured using an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer device (manufactured by JASCO Corporation: V-670) and a spectroscopic fluorometer device (manufactured by JASCO Corporation: FP6600), respectively.
- the fluorescence quantum yield was measured using an absolute PL quantum yield measuring device (Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd .: C9920-02V).
- the concentration of compound A was 5 ⁇ M for each solvent.
- Toluene, dichloromethane (DCM), DMSO, and ethanol were used as solvent types.
- the obtained results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1. Further, the absorption maximum wavelength and the fluorescence maximum wavelength of Compound A in the 20 mM phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 25 ° C. were 421 nm and the fluorescence maximum wavelength was 621 nm.
- the absorption maximum wavelength was almost the same value depending on the solvent type, but the fluorescence maximum wavelength was different depending on the solvent type. More specifically, in the polar solvent, the wavelength lengthening of the above-mentioned fluorescence wavelength was observed, and the fluorescence solvatochromism sensitive to the solvent polarity was observed.
- Test Examples 1 and 2 were prepared by dissolving PK in DMSO at 1 mg / mL.
- the staining solutions of Test Example 3 and Test Example 4 were both DMSO solutions containing 1 mM SC compound, and were diluted 100-fold at the time of staining before use.
- the skin healthy tissue, extramammary Paget's disease lesion tissue, and melanoma lesion tissue used in the test example the tissue obtained by excision was completely divided. In advance, a dermatologist has confirmed that it corresponds to each tissue. In addition, the healthy tissue of the rectum and the tumor tissue are also prepared by completely dividing the tissue obtained by excision, and a specialist confirms that the tissue corresponds to each tissue. The collection and use of tumor tissue was carried out under the approval of the Clinical Research Institutional Review Board of Ehime University Hospital (No. 1802009) and according to the study protocol.
- Test Example 1 Observation of tumor cells by PK staining of sliced sections. Extramammary Paget's disease lesion tissue and healthy tissue were embedded in paraffin and then cut out to prepare tissue sections. The section (thickness 5 ⁇ m) was prepared by the procedure usually used in histopathological examination. For staining with the PK staining solution, after deparaffinizing by a conventional method, the staining was carried out by immersing in the PK staining solution at room temperature for several days to 1 week. Actually, it was possible to sufficiently stain by immersing it in a PK staining solution at room temperature for 2 to 3 days.
- a two-photon microscope A1R MP + (NIKON) was used for microscopic observation.
- NIKON a two-photon microscope A1R MP +
- a 960 nm laser light source and a 495 nm filter were used for PK, and a 561 nm filter was used for PI.
- the scan was performed to a depth of 100 ⁇ m of the sample.
- the three-dimensional reconstruction image is obtained by processing the obtained data with the attached software.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B Images of fragments with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m in the three-dimensional reconstruction image of each tissue are shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- the fluorescence wavelength is shifted and the signal level is lowered.
- the cells on the inner side of the tumor cells were transparent, and it seemed that there was an apparent void.
- the outline of the cell membrane was stained with PK.
- FIG. 2B there were no regions with low levels of such signals in the healthy tissue.
- tumor cells can be distinguished from normal cells by staining with PK and appropriately selecting the excitation wavelength and the wavelength of fluorescence to be detected. Furthermore, PK was shown to be inserted into the cell membrane.
- the clarified tissue was stained with a PK staining solution in the same manner as in Test Example 1.
- PI staining was performed by the method usually used for tissue staining.
- the same conditions as in Test Example 1 were used for the detection of the PK signal.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B Images of a 10 ⁇ m-thick fragment of the extramammary Paget's disease lesion tissue three-dimensional reconstruction image are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- a three-dimensional PK-stained image could be obtained without going through thin slices even for a tissue as thick as 500 ⁇ m.
- Tumor cells (paget cells) could be detected even when one cell was scattered alone. Then, in the region corresponding to the tumor cells where the level of the fluorescence signal at 495 nm was low, only the nucleus was observed with PI staining. Therefore, it was confirmed that cells actually existed in the region.
- FIG. 3C a three-dimensional reconstruction image of the malignant melanoma lesion tissue is shown in FIG. 3C. Similar to the Paget's disease lesion, no fluorescent signal was observed by PK staining in malignant melanoma cells, and only the nucleus was observed by PI staining. As described above, the fluorescent dye agent of the present invention can specifically detect tumor cells even if the types of tumor cells are different.
- these observed tissues contained normal cells of the epidermis, dermis and hair follicles, and all of these cells showed a remarkable signal by PK staining. Therefore, it is understood that tumor cells can be detected separately from these various normal cells by PK staining.
- Test Example 3 Comparison of staining of normal tissue and tumor tissue with various SC compounds.
- the healthy tissue and extramammary Paget's disease lesion tissue cleared by the LUCID method by the same method as in Test Example 2 were stained with a staining solution containing PK, PC, Nile Red or POLARIC. Stained tissue sections were observed according to the method of two-photon microscopy in Test Example 1. The drawing was performed by coloring the fluorescence wavelength of 492 nm or less with cyan, 500 to 550 nm with green, 560 to 593 nm with yellow, and 593 nm or more with red. In the illustrated image, the brightness and contrast are appropriately corrected.
- the melanoma lesion tissue of the skin cleared by the same method was stained in the same manner and observed with a two-photon microscope.
- the tumor cell portion was observed in the form of a void, similar to the Paget's disease lesion.
- PC had the best drawing power, followed by PK, POLARIC, and Nile Red. Since the shift of the fluorescence wavelength due to Solvatochromism was relatively small in Nile Red and POLARIC, it was found that the degree of the shift of the fluorescence wavelength was related to the drawing power.
- Test Example 4 Comparison of staining of normal tissue and tumor tissue in the rectum.
- the healthy rectal tissue and the well-differentiated adenocarcinoma lesion tissue cleared by the LUCID method in the same manner as in Test Example 2 were stained with PK and Hoechst. Stained tissue sections were observed according to the method of two-photon microscopy in Test Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
生体に由来する組織中の腫瘍細胞の検出用であり、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する、蛍光色素剤。
[2]
前記化合物が、環数が2~6の縮合多環π共役構造を含む、[1]に記載の蛍光色素剤。
[3]
前記化合物が、さらにホウ素、窒素、酸素、リン、硫黄及びハロゲンからなる群より選ばれる原子を1種以上含む親水性置換基を1つ以上含む、[2]に記載の蛍光色素剤。
[4]
前記化合物が、下記の化学式(II)で表される化合物、1-アセチル-6-ピペリジルピレン、ナイルレッド、POLARICTM、Laurdan、di-4-ANEPPDHQ、Prodan及びそれらの誘導体から選択される、[1]~[3]のいずれか1に記載の蛍光色素剤。
前記化合物の吸収極大波長が、25℃の20mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)中において、300~600nmである、[1]~[4]のいずれか1に記載の蛍光色素剤。
[6]
25℃のジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中での蛍光極大波長をλDMSO、25℃のトルエン中での蛍光極大波長をλTolとした場合、前記化合物のλDMSOとλTolの差が、20~200nmである、[1]~[5]のいずれか1に記載の蛍光色素剤。
[7]
[1]~[6]のいずれか1に記載の蛍光色素剤を含む、キット。
[8]
ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤を用いて生体に由来する組織を染色することを含む、腫瘍細胞の検出方法。
[9]
ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤を用いて生体を染色することを含む、前記生体中の組織における腫瘍の除去範囲の特定方法。
[10]
生体に由来する組織中の腫瘍細胞の検出のための、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物の使用。
[11]
腫瘍の除去範囲の特定のための、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物の使用。
[12]
腫瘍の治療用又は診断用組成物の製造のための、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物の使用。
[13]
腫瘍の治療用又は診断用としての、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物。
本発明は、生体に由来する組織中の腫瘍細胞の検出に用いられ、SC化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤を含む。
上記生体は、多細胞動物であれば特に限定されず、好ましくは哺乳動物(ヒト、非ヒト哺乳動物を含む)であり、より好ましくはヒトである。
本発明の蛍光色素剤において、SC化合物は、生体由来の組織に適用可能なものであれば特に限定されない。SC化合物は1種単独であっても、2種以上を組み合わせてもよいが、通常は1種単独の使用で明瞭な染色像を得ることができる。
一実施形態では、上記SC化合物は、細胞膜において強い蛍光異方性を示す。
一実施形態では、上記SC化合物は、細胞膜及び/又は細胞内に比べて、細胞外で蛍光強度が低くなる性質を有する。特定の実施形態では、上記SC化合物は、細胞外では実質的に蛍光が観察されない。特に限定されないが、例えば、上記SC化合物の細胞外の蛍光強度は、細胞内の蛍光強度の50%以下、40%以下、30%以下、20%以下、10%以下、5%以下又は1%以下であり得る。ここで、細胞内外の蛍光強度の比較は、本発明の対象となる組織由来の細胞に上記SC化合物を励起し得る波長の光を照射したうえで、蛍光極大波長の光を検出できる条件で蛍光顕微鏡画像を取得し、細胞内と細胞外の蛍光の平均シグナル強度を比較することによって行われる。
さらにPK及びPCは、ナイルレッドに比べて非特異的な組織への吸着が少なく、腫瘍と正常組織との蛍光波長の差が大きい傾向にあり、バックグラウンド蛍光を抑えられることから、より好ましい。
一実施形態では、蛍光色素剤は、SC化合物単独からなる。
本発明の蛍光色素剤の剤形は特に限定されず、例えば、粉末等の固体、液体などが挙げられる。
本発明の蛍光色素剤で組織を染色すると、腫瘍細胞及び正常組織の細胞の両方にSC化合物が分布し得るが、腫瘍細胞におけるSC化合物の蛍光波長が、正常組織の細胞における蛍光波長からシフトする。そのため、検出する蛍光の波長を適切に選択することにより、腫瘍細胞が正常組織と高コントラストで検出される。そして、本発明の蛍光色素剤は、腫瘍、特に悪性腫瘍の検査又は診断に使用することができる。
本発明の蛍光色素剤は、例えば、染色又は組織標本作製のための試薬や器具と組み合わせてキットにすることもできる。特定の実施形態では、キットは、染色液調製用の試薬を含む。さらに特定の実施形態では、染色液調製用試薬は、例えば、上記のpH緩衝剤、界面活性剤、塩、溶媒及び別の色素組成物からなる群より選ばれる1種単独又は2種以上の混合物を含み得る。
本発明は、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤で、生体に由来する組織を染色することを含む、腫瘍細胞の検出方法を含む。
一実施形態では、組織に染色液を接触させる時間は、35~40℃で、例えば12時間以下、6時間以下であり、好ましくは2時間以下、より好ましくは1時間以下、さらに好ましくは30分以下、さらにより好ましくは10分以下であり、そして、例えば、1分以上、2分以上、5分以上又10分以上であり得る。
別の実施形態では、腫瘍細胞の検出は、多波長測定によって行われる。即ち、腫瘍細胞は、2以上の異なる特定の波長を含む蛍光を検出し、各々の蛍光強度を統合することによって検出される。
本発明は、以下の好ましい実施形態を含む。
<1>
生体に由来する組織中の腫瘍細胞の検出用であり、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する、蛍光色素剤。
<2>
<1>に記載の蛍光色素剤を含む、キット。
<3>
ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤を用いて生体に由来する組織を染色することを含む、腫瘍細胞の検出方法。
<4>
ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤を用いて生体を染色することを含む、前記生体中の組織における腫瘍の除去範囲の特定方法。
<5>
ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤を用いて生体に由来する組織又は生体を染色すること、及び
染色像に基づいて腫瘍を検出すること、
を含む、腫瘍の治療又は診断のための方法。
<6>
生体に由来する組織中の腫瘍細胞の検出のための、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物の使用。
<7>
腫瘍の除去範囲の特定のための、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物の使用。
<8>
腫瘍の治療用又は診断用組成物の製造のための、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物の使用。
<9>
腫瘍の治療用又は診断用としての、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物。
<10>
前記<1>~<9>において、前記化合物は、環数が2~6の縮合多環π共役構造を含み、好ましくはピレン骨格を含む。
<11>
前記<1>~<10>において、前記化合物は、さらにホウ素、窒素、酸素、リン、硫黄及びハロゲンからなる群より選ばれる原子を1種以上含む親水性置換基を1つ以上含む。
<12>
前記<1>~<11>において、前記化合物の分子量は、800以下、700以下、600以下、500以下又は450以下であり、そして、200以上である。
<13>
前記<1>~<12>において、前記化合物は、下記の化学式(II)で表される化合物、1-アセチル-6-ピペリジルピレン、ナイルレッド、POLARICTM、Laurdan、di-4-ANEPPDHQ、Prodan及びそれらの誘導体から選択され、好ましくは化学式(II)で表される化合物、1-アセチル-6-ピペリジルピレン、ナイルレッド及びPOLARICから選択され、より好ましくは化学式(II)で表される化合物又は1-アセチル-6-ピペリジルピレンであり、さらに好ましくは化学式(II)で表される化合物である。
前記<1>~<13>において、前記化合物の吸収極大波長が、25℃の20mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)中において、300~600nmであって、例えば、300nm、310nm、320nm、330nm、340nm、350nm、360nm、370nm、380nm、390nm、400nm、410nm、420nm、430nm、440nm、450nm、460nm、470nm、480nm、490nm、500nm、510nm、520nm、530nm、540nm、550nm、560nm、570nm、580nm、590nm及び600nmからなる群より選ばれるいずれか2つの数値の間の範囲内である。
<15>
前記<1>~<14>において、25℃のメタノール中での蛍光極大波長をλMet、25℃のn-ヘプタン中での蛍光極大波長をλHepとした場合、SC化合物のλMetとλHepの差は、50nm以上、60nm以上、70nm以上、80nm以上、90nm以上、100nm以上、又は110nm以上であり、そして、300nm以下、200nm以下又は150nm以下である。
<16>
前記<1>~<15>において、25℃のジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中での蛍光極大波長をλDMSO、25℃のトルエン中での蛍光極大波長をλTolとした場合、SC化合物のλDMSOとλTolの差は、20nm以上、30nm以上、40nm以上、50nm以上、60nm以上、70nm以上、80nm以上、90nm以上又は100nm以上であり、そして、200nm以下、180nm以下、160nm以下140nm以下又は120nm以下である。
<17>
前記<1>~<16>において、前記生体は、ヒト又は非ヒト哺乳動物である。
<18>
前記<1>~<17>において、前記腫瘍又は腫瘍細胞が存在する組織は、皮膚、脳、脊髄、食道、胃、小腸、大腸、十二指腸、直腸、肝臓、膵臓、胆嚢、膀胱、腎臓、心臓、脾臓、胸腺、前立腺、子宮、卵巣、精巣、乳房、肺、気管支、眼球、鼻、副鼻腔、口腔、咽頭、唾液腺、甲状腺、副甲状腺、副腎、筋肉、骨髄、血管、神経、リンパ節、腹膜、横隔膜及び血液から選択される。
<19>
前記<1>~<18>において、前記腫瘍は、悪性腫瘍である。
<20>
前記<1>~<19>において、前記腫瘍又は腫瘍細胞が存在する組織は皮膚であり、
前記腫瘍は、汗腺系腫瘍、悪性黒色腫、表皮・毛包系腫瘍、神経系腫瘍及び間葉系腫瘍から選択され、好ましくは乳房外パジェット病又は悪性黒色腫である。
1H-NMR、及び13C-NMR分析は、核磁気共鳴装置(日本電子株式会社製:JMN-LA500)を用いて測定した。上記化合物Aにおいて得られた結果を下記に示す。
・1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)=8.71(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),8.46(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.33(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.09(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.08(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.01(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),3.22(s,4H),2.78(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.93-1.95(m,4H),1.77-1.85(m,2H),1.73(s,2H),1.06(t,J=7.33Hz,1H).
・13C NMR(CDCl3,TMS)δ(ppm)=14.11,18.12,24.67,26.84,43.49,55.21,117.53,120.49,124.26,124.48,124.71,125.09,125.68,126.02,126.31,126.51,126.57,127.66,128.75,130.80,133.21,139.25,150.33,200.49.
高分解能質量分析は、高分解能質量分析装置(日本電子株式会社製:JMS-700)を用いて測定した。上記化合物Aにおいて得られた結果を下記に示す。
・HRMS(ESI+),calcd for C25H23NO[M+Na]+404.1985,found 404.1981.
上記PCの各有機溶媒中での吸収スペクトル及び蛍光スペクトル測定を行った。
PKは、Analytical Chemistry, 2020, Vol.92, Issue 9, p.6512-6520に記載の方法で合成したものを使用した。ナイルレッドは東京化成工業株式会社製のものを使用した。POLARICは、POLARICTM 500BCS(五稜化薬株式会社製)を使用した。
試験例1及び2の染色液は、PKをDMSOに1mg/mL溶解して調製した。試験例3、試験例4の染色液は、いずれも1mMのSC化合物を含有するDMSO溶液であり、染色時に100倍に希釈して使用した。
試験例に用いられた皮膚健常部組織、乳房外パジェット病病変部組織及びメラノーマ病変部組織は、切除して得られた組織を全割したものを用いた。予め、皮膚専門医がそれぞれの組織に該当することを確認している。また、直腸の健常部組織及び腫瘍組織も、切除によって得られた組織を全割して調製し、専門医がそれぞれの組織に該当することを確認している。腫瘍組織の採取及び使用は、愛媛大学医学部付属病院臨床研究倫理審査委員会の承認のもと(第1802009号)、その試験プロトコールに従って行われた。
乳房外パジェット病病変部組織及び健常部組織をパラフィン包埋してから切り出し、組織切片を作製した。切片(厚さ5μm)の作製は、病理組織検査において通常行われる手順で行った。PK染色液による染色は、常法で脱パラフィン処理した後、PK染色液に室温で数日~1週間浸漬して染色を行った。なお、実際にはPK染色液に室温で2~3日浸漬することによって、十分に染色することができた。
厚さ500μmの由来の乳房外パジェット病病変部組織及び厚さ100μmの悪性黒色腫病変部組織について、固定、薄切処理を経ずに、透明化処理を行ってからPK及びプロピジウムイオダイド(PI)による染色を行った。LUCID法を用いて、Sawada K, Kawakami R, Shigemoto R, and Nemoto T. Eur. J. Neurosci., 2018, Vol.47, No.9, 1033-1042に記載の手順に従って透明化処理を行った。透明化された組織は、試験例1と同様にPK染色液で染色された。PI染色は、組織染色で通常行われる方法で行った。また、顕微鏡観察の条件は、PKのシグナルの検出については試験例1と同様の条件を用いた。
試験例2と同じ方法でLUCID法により透明化した皮膚の健常部組織及び乳房外パジェット病病変部組織を、PK、PC、ナイルレッド又はPOLARICを含有する染色液で染色した。染色した組織切片を、試験例1の二光子顕微鏡観察の方法に従って観察した。描画は、蛍光波長が492nm以下をシアン、500~550nmを緑、560~593nmを黄色、593nm以上を赤色で着色して行った。なお、図示した画像は、明るさ・コントラストを適宜補正している。
試験例2と同じ方法でLUCID法により透明化した直腸の健常部組織及び高分化型腺癌病変部組織を、PK及びHoechstで染色した。染色した組織切片を、試験例1の二光子顕微鏡観察の方法に従って観察した。
Claims (7)
- 生体に由来する組織中の腫瘍細胞の検出用であり、ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する、蛍光色素剤。
- 前記化合物が、環数が2~6の縮合多環π共役構造を含む、請求項1に記載の蛍光色素剤。
- 前記化合物が、さらにホウ素、窒素、酸素、リン、硫黄及びハロゲンからなる群より選ばれる原子を1種以上含む親水性置換基を1つ以上含む、請求項2に記載の蛍光色素剤。
- 前記化合物の吸収極大波長が、25℃の20mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)中において、300~600nmである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の蛍光色素剤。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の蛍光色素剤を含む、キット。
- ソルバトクロミズムを呈する化合物を含有する蛍光色素剤で、生体に由来する組織を染色することを含む、腫瘍細胞の検出方法。
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