WO2022052575A1 - 注射器保护装置及其安全注射器 - Google Patents

注射器保护装置及其安全注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022052575A1
WO2022052575A1 PCT/CN2021/102380 CN2021102380W WO2022052575A1 WO 2022052575 A1 WO2022052575 A1 WO 2022052575A1 CN 2021102380 W CN2021102380 W CN 2021102380W WO 2022052575 A1 WO2022052575 A1 WO 2022052575A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
claw
locking
syringe
protection device
sleeve body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/102380
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王静
邹红霞
沈玮
Original Assignee
苏州赛卫生物科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010946448.8A external-priority patent/CN111888580B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202022824635.7U external-priority patent/CN214181356U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202120055382.3U external-priority patent/CN214911888U/zh
Application filed by 苏州赛卫生物科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州赛卫生物科技有限公司
Priority to US18/025,796 priority Critical patent/US20230355893A1/en
Priority to EP21865631.2A priority patent/EP4212194A1/en
Priority to DE212021000440.7U priority patent/DE212021000440U1/de
Publication of WO2022052575A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052575A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/3129—Syringe barrels
    • A61M5/3137—Specially designed finger grip means, e.g. for easy manipulation of the syringe rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3245—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/3129—Syringe barrels
    • A61M5/3137—Specially designed finger grip means, e.g. for easy manipulation of the syringe rod
    • A61M2005/3139—Finger grips not integrally formed with the syringe barrel, e.g. using adapter with finger grips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3245—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3247—Means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from needle covering to needle uncovering position
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective device for a syringe, and a safety syringe including the protective device.
  • Disposable syringes are the most commonly used instruments in the medical field at present. In order to prevent the used syringe needle from accidentally injuring the user, causing drug contamination, or the syringe being used for a second time, it is generally required that the needle should be uniformly recycled after the injection is completed. For the further strict management of medical devices, some institutions have required special protection devices to be installed on disposable syringes. After the injection is completed, the protection device is activated to protect the needle part, prevent accidental needle injury, and prevent the needle from being separated from the syringe body. The safety of single-use syringes.
  • the research on the syringe needle protection device and the corresponding safety syringe was first carried out in Europe and the United States, and the corresponding patented technical solutions were mostly proposed by European and American companies.
  • the passive latching ring safety protection device for injection devices with publication number CN101437561A, the disposable safety syringe with Chinese patent publication number CN1189222A, etc. were limited by the performance of molding materials and protection requirements in the early stage, and most of them had complicated structures and inconvenient operation. Manufacturing costs are high.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety syringe, in order to improve the convenience and safety of operation.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a syringe protection device, characterized in that it includes a protective outer sleeve, an inner installation sleeve, and a spring;
  • the outer wall of the installation inner sleeve is sleeved with the spring, and the spring is compressed and then loaded into the protective outer sleeve to form a syringe needle protection device;
  • the protective jacket includes an outer sleeve opening, an outer sleeve body, a guide chute, an inner stop, a spring mounting seat, and an inner locking claw;
  • the outer sleeve opening is arranged at the bottom of the outer sleeve body
  • the guide chute is provided on the wall surface of the outer sleeve body
  • An inner stop is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the outer sleeve body
  • the upper part of the outer sleeve body is provided with a spring mounting seat, the bottom diameter of the spring mounting seat is larger than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve body, and the spring is stored in the spring mounting seat;
  • the upper part of the spring mounting seat is provided with inner locking claws, and the inner locking claws are provided with two or more along the circumferential direction of the spring mounting seat;
  • the installation inner sleeve includes an inner sleeve body, a backstop claw, a guide block, an outer locking claw, a claw frame, a release slope, a syringe flange fixing claw, and a syringe flange fixing groove;
  • the inner sleeve body is installed in the outer sleeve body, and the inner sleeve body is used for accommodating the syringe;
  • the bottom of the inner sleeve body is provided with the backstop claws, and the backstop claws are inclined outward; in a natural state before being assembled, the diameter of the concentric circle where the bottom of the backstop claws is located is larger than that of the outer sleeve The inner diameter of the cylinder;
  • the inner sleeve body is provided with a guide block, the guide block is located at the lower part of the inner sleeve body, and the guide block protrudes from the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve body; the guide block is buckled into the inner sleeve body. in the guide chute;
  • the top of the inner sleeve body is provided with a protection device locking mechanism, a protection device releasing mechanism, and a syringe fixing mechanism;
  • the protection device locking mechanism includes a locking outer claw, and the locking outer claw and the locking inner claw are interlocked to realize the locking of the syringe needle protection device; the locking outer claw is cantilever fixed on the jaw frame;
  • the protection device release mechanism includes a release slope, and the release slope is arranged on the inner side of the cantilever above the locking outer claw, and is located below the claw frame;
  • the syringe fixing mechanism includes a syringe flange fixing claw and a syringe flange fixing groove, the syringe flange fixing groove is located at the top end of the inner sleeve body, and a plurality of the syringe flange fixing grooves are arranged above the syringe flange fixing groove.
  • the syringe flange fixing claw is provided with a guiding inclined surface.
  • a locking protective sheet is provided on the protective jacket, and the locking protective sheet is arranged on the outer side of the locking inner claw; the locking inner claw and the locking guard An insertion space for the locking outer claws is left between the pieces.
  • the protective jacket is provided with handle fins, and the handle fins are provided with two pieces, which are symmetrically arranged on the spring mounting seat or the outer wall of the outer sleeve body.
  • a plurality of anti-skid strips are provided on the bottom surface of the handle fins.
  • the opening portion of the outer sleeve mouth is inclined inward to form an inner cone.
  • a plurality of spring limit cards are arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the spring mounting seat, and the spring limit cards are raised and evenly distributed on the top of the outer sleeve body; The inner diameter is clamped on the outer side of the limiting portion formed by the spring limiting locking protrusion.
  • the bottom of the inner sleeve body is provided with a needle cover stopper, and the needle cover stopper is inclined inwardly; the diameter of the concentric circle where the bottom of the needle cover stopper is smaller than the diameter of the The inner diameter of the inner sleeve body;
  • the diameter of the concentric circle where the bottom of the needle cover preventing piece is located is smaller than the outer diameter of the top of the needle cover of the syringe.
  • the needle sleeve anti-retracting piece and the said retracting claws there are two or more of the needle sleeve anti-retracting piece and the said retracting claws; the needle sleeve anti-retracting piece and the said receding claws are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inner sleeve body at intervals.
  • the bottom of the guide block is connected to the inner sleeve body through a connecting bar, the upper part of the guide block is suspended, and the guide block can be inclined inward along the connecting bar.
  • the inner sleeve body at the position of the guide block is provided with a window, and the orientation of the window corresponds to the orientation of the guide chute.
  • a piston fixing step is provided below the release slope, and the piston fixing step is located on the inner side of the cantilever above the locking outer claw; the piston fixing step is higher than the syringe flange Fix the top of the claw.
  • the protection jacket and the installation inner jacket are provided with locking inner claws and locking outer claws with left and right limit structures to form a safety buckle, including locking inner claws, locking claws Tighten the outer claw; the locking outer claw buckles the inner locking claw inward in a natural state; the claw body of the inner locking claw contacts the claw body of the outer locking claw , with left and right limit structure.
  • the left and right limit structures are such that inner claw limit bodies are arranged on both sides of the locking outer claw, and inner claw accommodating grooves are formed between the inner claw limit bodies on both sides; In the locked state, the locking inner claw is located in the inner claw accommodating groove; the inner claw limiting body limits the locking inner claw in the left and right directions.
  • the left and right limiting structure is that the locking inner claw is provided with an inner claw surface that is interlocked with the locking outer claw; claw limiter; in the locked state, the claw surface of the locking outer claw is inserted between the outer claw limiters on both sides, and is engaged with the inner claw surface;
  • the clamping claw limiting body limits the left and right directions of the locking outer clamping claw.
  • left and right limit structures are such that a groove is formed in the middle of the claw body of the locking outer claw to form an inner claw accommodating groove, and both sides of the claw body of the outer locking claw are formed with an inner claw.
  • the middle lower part of the main body of the claw for locking the inner claw is provided with a raised inner claw protrusion; the width of the inner claw protrusion matches the width of the inner claw accommodating groove;
  • the locking inner claw In the locked state, the locking inner claw is in contact with the locking outer claw, and the inner claw protrusion is snapped into the inner claw accommodating groove.
  • a groove is formed in the middle of the main body of the release slope and communicated with the inner claw accommodating groove.
  • the left and right position limiting structure is as follows: a groove is formed in the middle of the locking inner claw to form an outer claw accommodating groove; an outer claw protrusion is arranged under the middle of the locking outer claw; The width of the claw protrusion matches the width of the outer claw accommodating groove;
  • the locking inner claw In the locked state, the locking inner claw is in contact with the locking outer claw, and the outer claw protrusion is snapped into the outer claw accommodating groove.
  • the bottom of the locking outer claw is provided with an outer claw guiding slope.
  • the top of the inner locking claw is provided with a guiding slope.
  • the outer surface of the outer sleeve body of the protective jacket has no raised structure
  • the middle part of the inner side wall surface of the outer sleeve body of the protective jacket is provided with a concave inner stop
  • the bottom of the installation inner sleeve is provided with a backstop claw
  • the retraction prevention claw bounces off, and is snapped into the upper part of the inner stop.
  • an inner guide groove is provided on the inner side wall surface of the outer sleeve body of the protective jacket, and the inner stop is located in the inner guide groove.
  • a guide chute is provided on the protective jacket
  • the bottom of the installation inner sleeve is provided with a guide block
  • the guide block is snapped into the guide chute.
  • the guide chute penetrates the wall surface of the outer sleeve body.
  • the outer side of the guide block is lower than the outer surface of the outer sleeve body.
  • the guide chute does not penetrate the wall surface of the outer sleeve body; the outer surface of the outer sleeve body of the protective jacket is a continuous cylindrical surface.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a safety syringe, comprising a syringe
  • the syringe is installed in the installation inner sleeve of the syringe protection device as described above.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention is used to protect the needle of the syringe, it is pre-installed on the syringe to form a safety syringe, and is excited with the push of the syringe; the syringe protection device has two states, which are locked respectively.
  • the locking inner claw and the locking outer claw are interlocked for locking, compressing the spring and storing energy;
  • the syringe flange is snapped into the syringe flange fixing groove, and locked by the syringe flange fixing claw; then, the needle cover is pulled out to expose The needle is used to perform the injection operation; during the injection process, the piston rod is pushed to push the medicine; at the end of the push medicine, the piston rod opens the locking outer claw, disengages the locking inner claw, and releases the excitation at the same time.
  • the plate is snapped into the piston fixing step to lock the position of the piston rod; after the push medicine is completed, the operator releases the syringe and the syringe protection device, the spring begins to release, and the protective outer sleeve and the installation inner sleeve move relative to each other, so that the The outer cannula mouth shields and protects the needle, and reaches a protected state after release; at this time, the guide block slides to the top of the guide chute to prevent the protective outer sleeve from being detached from the installation inner sleeve; at the same time, The anti-retraction claws spring open and snap into the inner stop to prevent the protective outer sleeve and the installation inner sleeve from retracting relative to each other again, exposing the needle.
  • the protective outer sleeve and the installation inner sleeve are made of plastic, especially the relevant components of the installation inner sleeve, such as the needle sleeve anti-retraction piece, anti-retraction claw, connecting bar, lock
  • the outer clamping claws and the syringe flange fixing claws have good elasticity, and can be bent to a certain extent and elastically reset according to the needs of different stages.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention adopts a protective outer sleeve and an installation inner sleeve made of plastic, and the material has certain elasticity and toughness, which is convenient for assembly.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to produce and assemble, can effectively protect the needle part of the syringe; at the same time, it can lock the piston rod of the syringe after the injection is completed. Effectively avoid secondary use.
  • the inner locking claws are in contact with the outer locking claws, especially some parts of the structure are related to buckle, and the left and right directions are provided on both sides to ensure that the lock will not be affected.
  • the external force causes the protective outer sleeve and the installation inner sleeve to deflect, thereby causing the inner locking claw and the outer locking claw to be disengaged, resulting in false activation.
  • the piston rod pushes the medicine
  • the release trigger piece gradually approaches the locking outer claw
  • the release trigger piece comes into contact with the release slope, moves down along the release slope, and pushes
  • the locking outer claw makes the locking outer claw turn outward along the connection part of the claw frame, so that the limit mechanism in the left and right directions is disengaged, so that the locking outer claw and the locking
  • the inner clamping claw is completely disengaged; finally, the operator releases his hand, and the spring acts to push the protective outer sleeve away from the installation inner sleeve, so as to activate the syringe protection device.
  • the safety buckle of the present invention realizes the position limit in the left and right direction by setting the left and right limit structure, and further improves the safety of storage and transportation in the locked state after the syringe protection device is assembled. to avoid false triggering.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention improves the related structure of the inner stop provided in the outer sleeve of the protective jacket, thereby obtaining a complete outer surface, which is convenient for sticking labels or etching graphic content.
  • the safety syringe of the present invention is formed by attaching the syringe to the syringe protection device of the present invention.
  • the invention has a simple structure and is easy to implement, and can meet the needs of customers for sticking labels on the outer surface or etching graphic and text content.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the parts of the protection device of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the protective jacket of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation 1 of the installation inner sleeve of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation 2 of the installation inner sleeve of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the parts of the syringe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the assembled sectional view of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is the assembly structure schematic diagram 1 of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the assembly structure schematic diagram 2 of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view 1 of the protection release process state of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • 11 is a sectional view 2 of the protection release process state of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is the state schematic diagram of the protection release process of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is the protection state schematic diagram of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • 15 is a sectional view 2 of the protection state of the safety syringe of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protection device of the first embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the installation inner sleeve of the first embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram 1 of the overall structure of the locking outer claw according to the first embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 19 is a schematic diagram 2 of the overall structure of the locking outer claw according to the first embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of the locking state of the safety buckle according to the first embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the activation state of the safety clip according to the first embodiment of the safety clip of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram 1 of the overall structure of the protection device according to the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram 2 of the overall structure of the protection device according to the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the protective jacket of the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 25 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of the inner locking claw of the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 26 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of the inner locking claw of the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 27 is a sectional view of the locking state of the buckle structure of the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 29 is a partial schematic diagram of the activated state of the buckle structure of the second embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of the locking outer claw according to the third embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of the locking outer claw according to the third embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 32 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner locking claw of the third embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 33 is a sectional view of the locking state of the buckle structure of the third embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • 35 is a partial schematic diagram of the activated state of the buckle structure of the third embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic structural diagram 3 of the locking outer claw according to the third embodiment of the safety buckle of the present invention.
  • Figure 37 is an exploded view of the parts of the protection device without a raised structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective jacket without a raised structure according to the present invention.
  • Figure 39 is a cross-sectional view 1 of the protective casing without a raised structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 40 is a cross-sectional view 2 of the protective casing without a raised structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 41 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation inner sleeve without a raised structure according to the present invention.
  • Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the safety syringe without a raised structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 43 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly structure of the safety syringe without a raised structure of the present invention.
  • Syringe flange 41 release trigger 51, push head 52.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention includes a protective outer sleeve 1, an inner installation sleeve 2, and a spring 3; the installation inner sleeve 2 is equipped with the spring 3 outside, and the spring 3 is compressed and then loaded into Inside the protective jacket 1, the syringe protection device of the present invention is formed, which is used after the syringe is assembled.
  • the protective casing 1 includes an outer casing opening 11, an outer sleeve body 12, a guide chute 13, an inner stop 14, a spring mounting seat 15, a locking inner claw 16, a locking The protective sheet 17 and the handle flap 18;
  • the opening of the outer sleeve port 11 is inclined inward to form an inner cone, which plays a certain protective role;
  • the outer sleeve port 11 is arranged at the bottom of the outer sleeve body 12;
  • a guide chute 13 is provided on the wall surface of the outer sleeve body 12, preferably two of the guide chute 13 are symmetrically arranged;
  • an inner stop 14 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the outer sleeve body 12, preferably Two of the inner stops 14 are symmetrically arranged;
  • the upper part of the outer sleeve body 12 is provided with a spring mounting seat 15, the bottom diameter of the spring mounting seat 15 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve body 12, the A spring 3 is stored in the spring mounting seat 15, and
  • the spring limit cards 151 can better limit the inner side of the bottom of the spring 3 to prevent the spring 3 from being stuck by mistake.
  • the upper part of the spring mounting seat 15 is provided with inner locking claws 16, and the inner locking claws 16 are provided with two or more along the circumferential direction of the spring mounting seat 15;
  • a handle fin 18 is provided. Conventionally, two pieces of the handle fin 18 are used as a pair, and are symmetrically arranged on the spring mounting seat 15 or the outer wall of the outer sleeve body 12, which is convenient for the operator's fingers to hook.
  • a protection sheet 17 can be provided on the upper surface of the handle flap 18 , and a locking installation space is left between the locking inner claw 16 and the locking protection sheet 17 .
  • the installation inner sleeve 2 includes an inner sleeve body, a needle sleeve retracting piece 21, a retracting claw 22, a guide block 23, an outer locking claw 24, a claw Frame 25, release slope 26, piston fixing step 27, syringe flange fixing claw 28, syringe flange fixing groove 29; during assembly, the inner sleeve body is installed in the outer sleeve body 12, and the inner sleeve
  • the cylinder body is used to accommodate the syringe; the bottom of the inner sleeve body is provided with the needle cover stopper 21 and the stopper claw 22; the needle cover stopper 21 is inclined inwardly, and the stopper claw 22 is arranged inclined outward; preferably, there are more than two of the needle cover anti-retraction piece 21 and the said anti-retraction claws 22.
  • two are symmetrically arranged, and they are spaced 90° from each other, and are evenly distributed on the The bottom of the inner sleeve body; in a natural state, the bottom diameter composed of several pieces of the needle sleeve retaining pieces 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve body, and the bottom diameter composed of several pieces of the retaining claws 22 is larger than
  • the inner diameter of the outer sleeve body 12; the inner sleeve body is provided with a guide block 23, the guide block 23 is located at the lower part of the inner sleeve body, and the guide block 23 protrudes from the inner sleeve
  • the outer wall surface of the cylinder body; the guide block 23 is buckled into the guide chute 13; The upper part of 23 is suspended.
  • the guide block 23 is squeezed by the inner wall of the outer sleeve body 12, can be inclined inward along the connecting bar 231, and slide into the guide chute 13 to facilitate assembly.
  • the inner sleeve body at the position of the guide block 23 is provided with a window, which corresponds to the guide chute 13, so that the state of the medicinal liquid in the syringe can be directly checked from the outside.
  • the top of the inner sleeve body is provided with a protection device locking mechanism, a protection device releasing mechanism, and a syringe fixing mechanism.
  • the protection device locking mechanism includes a locking outer claw 24, the locking outer claw 24 is opposite to the locking inner claw 16 to realize the locking of the protection device; the locking outer claw 24
  • the cantilever is fixed on the claw frame 25.
  • the release mechanism of the protection device includes a release slope 26 , and the release slope 26 is disposed on the inner side of the cantilever above the locking outer claw 24 and below the claw frame 25 .
  • the syringe fixing mechanism includes a syringe flange fixing claw 28 and a syringe flange fixing groove 29.
  • the syringe flange fixing groove 29 is located at the top of the inner sleeve body, and above the syringe flange fixing groove 29 is provided.
  • a piston fixing step 27 is provided below the release slope 26, and the piston fixing step 27 is located on the inner side of the cantilever above the locking outer claw 24; the piston fixing step 27 is higher than the syringe protrusion. The top of the edge fixing claw 28.
  • a syringe including a syringe barrel 4, a piston rod 5, a needle 6, and a needle cover 7; the top of the syringe barrel 4 is provided with a syringe flange 41; the top of the piston rod 5 is provided with a pusher 52. Further, a release trigger piece 51 is further provided below the pusher head 52; in some cases, the pusher head 52 adopts a flat design, which can realize the function of the release trigger piece 51.
  • the syringe As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , after the syringe is prefilled with medicine, it is integrally installed into the inner sleeve of the installation inner sleeve 2 of the syringe protection device, and the syringe flange 41 of the syringe barrel 4 squeezes
  • the upper inclined surface of the syringe flange fixing claw 28 makes the syringe flange fixing claw 28 bend and deform along the root, and then press into the syringe flange fixing groove 29, and the syringe flange fixing claw 28 is then pressed.
  • the elastic reset can limit the position of the syringe flange 41, so that the syringe can be fixed in the syringe protection device.
  • the needle cover 7 is removed to expose the needle 6; at this time, the needle cover stopper 21 is elastically reset to prevent the needle cover 7 from being inserted back again for secondary use; The handle flap 18, and then the pusher 52 is pushed, and the needle 6 is used for drug injection.
  • the release triggering piece 51 is snapped into the release slope 26 to open the locking outer claw 24 to realize the separation from the locking inner claw 16 , and finally The release triggering piece 51 is completely snapped into the piston fixing step 27 to complete the activation and release, and start to release.
  • the release trigger piece 51 is completely snapped into the piston fixing step 27 to realize the fixation of the piston rod 5 and the syringe barrel 4; the operator releases the safety syringe , the spring 3 begins to release, pushes the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 to start relative movement, the locking inner claw 16 is disengaged from the locking outer claw 24, and the outer sleeve opening 11 gradually aligns The needle 6 is shielded and protected; during the process, the guide block 23 slides along the guide chute 13 .
  • the spring 3 begins to release, and the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 move relative to the longest state; as shown in FIGS. 13 and 15 , at this time, the guide The block 23 slides to the top of the guide chute 13 to prevent the protective outer sleeve 1 from being separated from the installation inner sleeve 2; at the same time, as shown in FIG. Inside the inner stop 14 , the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 are prevented from being retracted relative to each other again, exposing the needle 6 .
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention is locked by interlocking the locking inner claw 16 and the locking outer claw 24 to compress the spring 3 and store energy; after the syringe protection device is assembled separately, when in use, Install the syringe into the installation inner sleeve 2 of the syringe protection device, snap the syringe flange 41 into the syringe flange fixing groove 29, and lock the syringe flange fixing claw 28 Then, pull out the needle cover 7 to expose the needle 6, and carry out the injection operation; during the injection, push the piston rod 5 to push the medicine; complete the end of the push medicine, the piston rod 5 is propped up to the locking outer jaw 24, and the The locking inner claw 16 is disengaged, and at the same time, the release excitation piece 51 is stuck into the piston fixing step 27, and the position of the piston rod 5 is locked; When the release starts, the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 move relatively, so that the outer sle
  • the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 are made of plastic, especially the relevant components of the installation inner sleeve 2, such as the needle sleeve anti-retraction piece 21 and the retraction prevention claw 22 ,
  • the connecting strip 231 , the locking outer claw 24 and the syringe flange fixing claw 28 have good elasticity, and can be bent to a certain extent and elastically reset according to the needs of different stages.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention has a simple structure, and after the corresponding safety syringe is used, the needle 6 can be well protected.
  • the invention further improves the buckle structure in the syringe protection device to form a safety buckle.
  • the buckle includes a locking inner claw 16 and an outer locking claw 24 .
  • the inner locking claws 16 are located on the protective jacket 1 , the inner locking claws 16 are arranged upward, and are located inside the buckle structure, and the claws are arranged outward.
  • the locking outer claws 24 are located on the installation inner sleeve 2 , the locking outer claws 24 are arranged downwardly below the claw frame 25 , and the locking outer claws 24 The claws are arranged inward; the locking outer claws 24 can be deflected along the claw frame 25 by force, and are separated from the locking inner claws 16 to activate the syringe protection device.
  • the first embodiment of the safety buckle the structure of the locking outer claw is improved
  • the related structure of the locking outer claws 24 is improved to form a clasp with a safety limit.
  • the locking outer claw 24 is provided with a claw surface that is interlocked with the locking inner claw 16 , and inner claw limiting bodies 227 are provided on both sides of the locking outer claw 24 .
  • Between the inner claw limiting bodies 227 is an inner claw accommodating groove 228; in the locked state, the locking inner claw 16 is located in the inner claw accommodating groove 228; the inner claw is limited
  • the body 227 restricts the locking inner claw 16 in the left and right directions.
  • the upper part of the inner claw limiter 227 is provided with a release slope 26.
  • the piston rod 5 pushes the medicine, and the release excitation piece 51 gradually approaches the locking outer claw 24, and finally the release
  • the excitation piece 51 is in contact with the release slope 26, moves down along the release slope 26, pushes the locking outer claws 24, turns the locking outer claws 24 outward, and finally makes the locking inner
  • the claw 16 leaves the inner claw accommodating groove 228 and disengages from the locking outer claw 24; and the release trigger 51 is stuck on the inner claw limiting body 227 to lock the locking
  • the outer claw 24 is kept open; at this time, the operator releases his hand, and the spring 3 acts to push the protective outer sleeve 1 away from the installation inner sleeve 2 to activate the syringe protection device.
  • the bottom of the locking outer claw 24 is provided with an outer claw guide slope 29, and the top of the corresponding locking inner claw 16 is also provided with a guide slope.
  • the two slopes cooperate to facilitate assembly. 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 are pressed against each other, the top of the locking inner claw 16 pushes the locking outer claw 24 along the outer claw guiding slope 29, and finally the locking inner claw 24 is pushed.
  • the snap portion of the claw 16 falls into the inner claw accommodating groove 228 , and the locking outer claw 24 is elastically reset to complete the assembly.
  • the inner claw accommodating grooves 228 are formed by arranging the inner claw limiting bodies 227 on both sides of the locking outer claw 24, and the locking inner claw 16 is stuck in the normal state.
  • a buckle with a safety limit is formed, the left and right directions of the locking inner claw 16 are blocked, and the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve will not be caused by external force. 2 is deflected, so that the inner locking claw 16 and the outer locking claw 24 are disengaged, resulting in false activation.
  • the second embodiment of the safety buckle the structure of the locking inner claw is improved
  • the related structure of the locking inner claws 16 is improved to form a clasp with a safety limit.
  • the inner locking claw 16 is provided with an inner claw surface 117 which is interlocked with the locking outer claw 24 ; the improvement of this embodiment is that two sides of the inner claw surface 117 are provided with The outer claw limiter 118; in the locked state, the claw surface of the locking outer claw 24 is clamped between the outer claw limiters 118 on both sides, and is connected with the inner claw surface 117
  • the locking outer claws 24 are limited in the left and right directions through the outer claw limiting body 118 .
  • the upper part of the inner locking claw 16 is provided with a slope outward, which cooperates with the outer claw guiding slope 29 of the outer locking claw 24 to facilitate assembly.
  • the piston rod 5 pushes the medicine
  • the release trigger piece 51 gradually approaches the locking outer claw 24, and finally the release trigger piece 51 contacts the release slope 26, along the
  • the release slope 26 moves down, pushes the locking outer claws 24, so that the locking outer claws 24 are turned outward along the connection part of the claw frame 25, and finally the locking outer claws 24 gradually leave the place.
  • the outer claw limiting body 118 is completely separated from the locking inner claw 16; finally, the operator releases his hand, and the spring 3 acts to push the protective outer sleeve 1 away from the installation inner sleeve 2 to achieve Activate the syringe guard.
  • the outer locking claw 24 is limited by the outer claw limiting body 118 to form a buckle with a safety limit, so as to ensure that the protective jacket 1 will not be caused by external force and the The installation inner sleeve 2 is deflected, thereby causing the inner locking claw 16 and the outer locking claw 24 to be disengaged, thereby causing false activation.
  • the third embodiment of the safety buckle the structure of locking inner claw and locking outer claw is improved
  • the related structures of the locking inner claws 16 and the outer locking claws 24 are improved to form a buckle with a safety limit.
  • a groove is formed in the middle of the claw main body of the locking outer claw 24 , thereby forming an inner claw accommodating groove 228 , and inner claw limiting bodies 227 are formed on both sides.
  • a groove (as shown in FIG. 30 and FIG. 31 ) that communicates with the inner claw accommodating groove 228 may also be formed in the middle of the main body of the release slope 26 , or the main body of the release slope 26 may not There is no groove, and it is a continuous whole (as shown in Figure 36).
  • a protruding inner claw protrusion 119 is provided at the lower middle portion of the claw body of the locking inner claw 16 ; the width of the inner claw protrusion 119 is the same as the width of the inner claw accommodating groove 228 . match.
  • the locking inner claw 16 is in contact with the locking outer claw 24 , especially the inner claw protrusion 119 It is snapped into the inner claw accommodating groove 228 , so as to realize the left-right position limit of the locking inner claw 16 and the locking outer claw 24 .
  • the piston rod 5 pushes the medicine
  • the release trigger piece 51 gradually approaches the locking outer claw 24, and finally the release trigger piece 51 contacts the release slope 26, along the
  • the release slope 26 moves down, pushes the locking outer claws 24, so that the locking outer claws 24 are turned outward along the connection part of the claw frame 25, and finally the locking outer claws 24 gradually leave the place.
  • the outer claw limiting body 118 especially the inner claw accommodating groove 228 is disengaged from the inner claw projection 119 , so that the locking outer claw 24 and the locking inner claw 16 are completely separated. Disengagement occurs; finally, the operator releases his hand, and the spring 3 acts to push the protective outer sleeve 1 away from the installation inner sleeve 2, so as to activate the syringe protection device.
  • the inner claw protrusion 119 and the inner claw accommodating groove 228 are provided to form a concave-convex interlocking limit structure, thereby forming a buckle with a safety limit to ensure that the protective jacket will not be caused by external force. 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 are deflected, thereby causing the inner locking claw 16 to be disengaged from the outer locking claw 24, thereby causing false activation.
  • the fourth embodiment of the safety buckle the structure of locking inner claw and locking outer claw is improved
  • a groove can also be formed in the middle of the locking inner claw 16 to form an outer claw accommodating groove, and an outer claw protrusion is arranged under the middle of the locking outer claw 24, The claw protrusions are snapped into the outer claw accommodating grooves to form a concave-convex interlocking limiting structure, thereby forming a locking buckle with a safety limit.
  • a safety buckle is formed to ensure that the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 will not be deflected by external force, so that the locking inner claw 16 and all The locking outer claw 24 is disengaged, resulting in false activation.
  • the syringe protection device without a raised structure is composed of a protective outer sleeve 1, an installation inner sleeve 2, and a spring 3.
  • a protective outer sleeve 1 After installing the inner sleeve 2 and covering the spring 3, it is press-fitted in the protective outer sleeve 1;
  • the locking buckle structure is opened, the spring 3 is released, and the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 are bounced apart, and the protective outer sleeve 1 shields and protects the needle of the syringe located in the installation inner sleeve 2.
  • the outer surface of the outer sleeve body 12 of the protective casing 1 has no convex structure, forming a continuous surface, which is convenient for sticking labels or etching graphic content.
  • the inner side of the protective jacket 1 is still provided with an inner stop 14, just in order to obtain the outer sleeve body 12 without a raised structure, the material wall thickness of this part is appropriately thickened , so as to form the inner stop 14; further, in the longitudinal direction of the inner stop 14, there is also an inner guide groove 141, and the inner guide groove 141 extends downward from the position of the inner stop 14 to the point where the inner stop 14 is located. near the outer casing opening.
  • the protective casing 1 is still provided with a guide chute 13 ; the guide chute 13 may penetrate the wall surface of the outer sleeve body 12 , or may only be provided on the inner side of the outer sleeve body 12 without passing through the outer sleeve body 12
  • the wall surface of the outer sleeve body 12 can be obtained to obtain a more continuous and complete outer surface of the outer sleeve body 12, which is convenient for sticking labels or etching graphic content.
  • the installation inner sleeve 2, as shown in FIG. 41, is similar to the existing structure, and is provided with a withdrawal stop claw 22 at the bottom and a guide block 23; the withdrawal stop claw 22 opens outward, and is particularly elastic.
  • the guide block 23 is stuck in the guide chute 13 to guide the relative movement of the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2 and limit; in order to facilitate the application of labels on the outer surface of the outer sleeve body 12, or the etching of graphic content, the guide chute 13 does not penetrate the wall surface of the outer sleeve body 12; even if the guide slides
  • the height of the guide block 23 being snapped into the guide chute 13 is also relatively low, so as not to protrude from the outer sleeve body 12 as much as possible.
  • the outer surface of the guide chute 13 is covered after the label is pasted in this way, and the movement of the guide block 23 will not be affected.
  • the stop claw 22 is located on the inner side of the outer sleeve body 12 , especially the stop claw 22 can be accommodated in the inner guide groove 141 Therefore, when the protection device is in the locked state, the inner side of the stop claw 22 is far enough away from the central axis so as not to interfere with the needle cover 7 and affect the extraction of the needle cover 7 .
  • the protection device is activated, the stop claw 22 slides in the inner guide groove 141, and finally reaches the inner stop 14, and the stop claw 22 is further opened by its own elastic force, and the completion is completed.
  • the stop function prevents the installation inner sleeve 2 from retracting into the protective outer sleeve 1 again, exposing the needle 6 again.
  • an external force is applied to the protective outer sleeve 1 and the installation inner sleeve 2, and when the installation inner sleeve 2 is refitted into the protective outer sleeve 1, the backstop claws 22 are stuck in the protective outer sleeve 1.
  • the inner stop 14 prevents retraction.
  • the syringe protection device of the present invention obtains the outer wall surface of the outer sleeve body 12 with a full-circle structure by improving the local structure, which is convenient for sticking labels or etching graphic content.
  • the disposable syringe is installed in the installation inner sleeve 2, and the piston rod 5 is used to inject medicine and activate the syringe protection device of the present invention.

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Abstract

一种注射器保护装置，包括保护外套（1）、安装内套（2）、弹簧（3）；安装内套（2）的外壁套设弹簧（3），并将弹簧（3）压缩后装入保护外套（1）内，形成注射器保护装置；保护外套（1）包括外套管口（11）、外套筒体（12）、导向滑槽（13）、内止口（14）、弹簧安装座（15）、锁紧内卡爪（16）；安装内套（2）包括内套筒体，及止退爪（22）、导向块（23）、锁紧外卡爪（24）、卡爪框（25）、释放斜面（26）、注射器凸缘固定爪（28）、注射器凸缘固定槽（29）。安全注射器，即将注射器安装在注射器保护装置内。本注射器保护装置相对于现有的保护装置，结构简单，易于生产及组装，可以有效的对注射器的针头（6）部分进行防护；同时还能在完成注射后，对注射器的活塞杆（5）进行锁定，有效避免二次使用。

Description

注射器保护装置及其安全注射器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种注射器的保护装置，以及包含该保护装置的安全注射器。
背景技术
一次性注射器是目前医疗领域最常用的器械，为防止使用后的注射器针头误伤使用者，造成药物污染，或者注射器被二次使用，目前普遍要求完成注射后，对针头进行统一回收；但随着医疗器械的进一步严格管理，部分机构已经要求对一次性注射器加装专门的保护装置，在完成注射后，保护装置启动，对针头部分进行保护，防止针头误伤，也防止针头与注射器本体分离，提高一次性注射器的使用安全性。
注射器针头保护装置及相应的安全注射器研究，最早在欧美国家开展，相应的专利技术方案也大都由欧美企业提出，如中国专利公开号为CN104411351A的用于注射装置的防针刺安全装置，中国专利公开号为CN101437561A的用于注射装置的被动式栓锁环安全防护装置，中国专利公开号为CN1189222A的一次性安全注射器等，早期受成型材料性能，及防护要求等限制，大都结构复杂，操作不便，制造成本高。
近些年，随着国内相关企业对本领域的重视，也出现了相关技术，如中国专利公开号为CN203043181U的滑套式针头保护装置和安全注射器，中国专利公开号为CN111529825A的一种针头保护装置及安全注射器，中国专利公开号为CN105854131A的一种注射器针头保护装置；这类产品，起到了一定的对针头的保护性能，但部分结构依然复杂。
为了进一步提高注射器针头保护装置的操作便利性，以及提高安全性，有必要进一步对相关结构进行改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种安全注射器，以期提高操作便利性，及安全性。
为达到上述目的，本发明的第一方面，提供了一种注射器保护装置，其特征在于，包括保护外套、安装内套、弹簧；
所述安装内套的外壁套设所述弹簧，并将所述弹簧压缩后装入所述保护外套内，形成注射器针头保护装置；
所述保护外套包括外套管口、外套筒体、导向滑槽、内止口、弹簧安装座、锁紧内卡爪；
所述外套管口设置在所述外套筒体的底部；
所述外套筒体的壁面上设有所述导向滑槽；
所述外套筒体的内壁中部设有内止口；
所述外套筒体的上部设有弹簧安装座，所述弹簧安装座的底部直径大于所述外套筒体的内径，所述弹簧安装座内储纳有所述弹簧；
所述弹簧安装座的上方设有锁紧内卡爪，所述锁紧内卡爪沿所述弹簧安装座的周向设有2个以上；
所述安装内套包括内套筒体，及止退爪、导向块、锁紧外卡爪、卡爪框、释放斜面、注射器凸缘固定爪、注射器凸缘固定槽；
所述内套筒体安装在所述外套筒体内，所述内套筒体用来容纳注射器；
所述内套筒体的底部设有所述止退爪，所述止退爪向外倾斜设置；未组装前的自然状态下，所述止退爪的底部所在同心圆直径大于所述外套筒体的内径；
所述内套筒体上设有导向块，所述导向块位于所述内套筒体的下部，所述导向块凸出于所述内套筒体的外壁表面；所述导向块扣入到所述导向滑槽内；
所述内套筒体的顶部设有保护装置锁紧机构、保护装置释放机构，及注射器固定机构；
所述保护装置锁紧机构包括锁紧外卡爪，所述锁紧外卡爪与所述锁紧内卡爪相互扣，实现注射器针头保护装置的锁紧；所述锁紧外卡爪悬臂固定在所述卡爪框上；
所述保护装置释放机构包括释放斜面，所述释放斜面设置在所述锁紧外卡爪上方的悬臂内侧，且位于所述卡爪框的下方；
所述注射器固定机构包括注射器凸缘固定爪、注射器凸缘固定槽，所述注射器凸缘固定槽位于所述内套筒体的顶端，在所述注射器凸缘固定槽的上方设有若干所述注射器凸缘固定爪，所述注射器凸缘固定爪设有导向斜面。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述保护外套上设有锁紧防护片，所述锁紧防护片设置在所述锁紧内卡爪的外侧；所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧防护片之间留有所述锁紧外卡爪的插入空间。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述保护外套上设有手柄翼片，所述手柄翼片设有2片，对称设置在所述弹簧安装座或所述外套筒体的外壁上。
进一步的，在所述手柄翼片的底面设有若干防滑条。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述外套管口开口部位向内倾斜，形成内锥。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导向滑槽设有2个以上，对称设置在所述保护外套的壁面上；所述导向块相应的设有2个以上，对称设置在所述内套筒体的壁面上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，在所述弹簧安装座的底部内侧设有若干弹簧限位卡，所述弹簧限位卡凸起，并均布在所述外套筒体的顶部；所述弹簧的内径卡入在所述弹簧限位卡凸构成的限位部的外侧。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述内套筒体的底部设有针头套止退片，所述针头套止退片向内倾斜设置；所述针头套止退片的底部所在同心圆直径小于所述内套筒体的内径；
注射器的针头套未装入时，所述针头套止退片的底部所在同心圆直径小于注射器的针头套的顶部外径。
进一步的，所述针头套止退片、及所述止退爪均设有2个以上；所述针头套止退片及所述止退爪间隔均布在所述内套筒体的底部。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导向块的底部通过连接条与所述内套筒体相连，所述导向块上部悬空，所述导向块可沿所述连接条向内倾斜。
进一步的，所述导向块所在部位的所述内套筒体设有开窗，所述开窗的方位与所述导向滑槽的方位相对应。
作为本发明的进一步改进，在所述释放斜面的下方设有活塞固定台阶，所述活塞固定台阶位于所述锁紧外卡爪上方的悬臂内侧；所述活塞固定台阶高于所述注射器凸缘固定爪的顶部。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述保护外套及所述安装内套上设有左右限位结构的锁紧内卡爪及锁紧外卡爪，形成安全卡扣，包括锁紧内卡爪、锁紧外卡爪；所述锁紧外卡爪自然状态下向内扣住所述锁紧内卡爪；在所述锁紧内卡爪的爪体与所述锁紧外卡爪的爪体接触部位，设有左右限位结构。
进一步的，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧外卡爪的两侧设有内卡爪限位体，两侧的所述内卡爪限位体之间形成内卡爪容纳槽；锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪位于所述内卡爪容纳槽内；所述内卡爪限位体对所述锁紧内卡爪进行左右方向的限位。
进一步的，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧内卡爪设有与所述锁紧外卡爪相扣的内卡爪面；在所述内卡爪面的两侧设有外卡爪限位体；锁紧状态下，所述锁紧外卡爪的卡爪面卡入到两侧的外卡爪限位体之间，并与所述内卡爪面相扣合；所述外卡爪限位体对所述锁紧外卡爪进行左右方向的限位。
进一步的，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧外卡爪的卡爪主体中间开设有凹槽，形成内卡爪容纳槽，所述锁紧外卡爪的卡爪主体两侧形成内卡爪限位体；
所述锁紧内卡爪的卡爪主体中间下部设有凸起的内卡爪凸块；所述内卡爪凸块的宽度与所述内卡爪容纳槽的宽度相匹配；
锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪相接触，所述内卡爪凸块卡入到所述内卡爪容纳槽内。
更进一步的，所述释放斜面的主体中间开设与所述内卡爪容纳槽相贯通的凹槽。
进一步的，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧内卡爪的中间开设凹槽形成外卡爪容纳槽；所述锁紧外卡爪的中部下方设置外卡爪凸块；所述外卡爪凸块的宽度与所述外卡爪容纳槽的宽度相匹配；
锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪相接触，所述外卡爪凸块卡入到所述外卡爪容纳槽内。
进一步的，所述锁紧外卡爪的底部设有外卡爪导向斜面。
进一步的，所述锁紧内卡爪的顶部设有导向斜面。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述保护外套的外套筒体的外表面无凸起结构；
所述保护外套的外套筒体的内侧壁面中部设有凹陷的内止口；
所述安装内套的底部设有止退爪；
所述止退爪在所述安装内套与所述保护外套完成激发后弹开，并卡入到所述内止口的上方。
进一步的，所述保护外套的外套筒体的内侧壁面上设有内侧导槽，所述内止口位于所述内侧导槽内。
再进一步的，所述止退爪在所述安装内套与所述保护外套处于锁止状态时，卡在所述内侧导槽内。
进一步的，所述保护外套上设有导向滑槽；
所述安装内套的底部设有导向块；
所述导向块卡入在所述导向滑槽内。
再进一步的，所述导向滑槽贯穿所述外套筒体的壁面。
更进一步的，所述导向块卡入到所述导向滑槽内后，所述导向块的外侧低于所述外套筒体的外表面。
再进一步的，所述导向滑槽不贯穿所述外套筒体的壁面；所述保护外套的外套筒体的外表面为连续的圆柱面。
本发明的第二方面，提供了一种安全注射器，包括注射器；
其特征在于，注射器安装在如上所述的注射器保护装置的安装内套内。
本发明的注射器保护装置，用于对注射器的针头进行保护，其预安装在注射器上，形成安全注射器，并随着注射器的推药进行激发；注射器保护装置设有2个状态，分别为锁紧状态，及释放后的保护状态；锁紧状态时，通过所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪互扣进行锁紧，对弹簧进行压缩储能；使用时，将注射器安装进所述注射器保护装置的所述安装内套内，将所述注射器凸缘卡入到所述注射器凸缘固定槽内，由所述注射器凸缘固定爪进行锁紧；然后，拔掉针头套露出针头，进行注射作业；注射过程中，推动活塞杆，进行推药；完成推药末期，活塞杆对所述锁紧外卡爪撑开，与所述锁紧内卡爪进行脱离，同时释放激发片卡入到活塞固定台阶内，对活塞杆的位置进行锁定；完成推药后，操作人员释放注射器及注射器保护装置，弹簧开始释放，所述保护外套与所述安装内套相对运动，使所述外套管口对针头进行遮蔽保护，达到释放后的保护状态；此时，所述导向块滑动到所述导向滑槽的顶端，阻止所述保护外套与所述安装内套发生脱离；同时，所述止退爪弹开并卡入到所述内止口内，防止所述保护外套与所述安装内套重新相对缩回，露出针头。
本发明的注射器保护装置，所述保护外套与所述安装内套采用塑料制成，特别是所述安装内套的相关部件，如所述针头套止退片、止退爪、连接条、锁紧外卡爪、注射器凸缘固定爪具有较好的弹性，可以根据不同阶段的需要，发生一定的绕曲，及弹性复位。
本发明的注射器保护装置，采用塑料制成的保护外套和安装内套，材料具有一定的弹性、韧性，方便组装。
本发明的注射器保护装置，相对于现有的保护装置，结构简单，易于生产及组装，可以有效的对注射器的针头部分进行防护；同时还能在完成注射后，对注射器的活塞杆进行锁定，有效避免二次使用。
本发明的安全卡扣锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪相接触，特别部分结构相关扣合，两侧设有左右方向的限位，确保不会受外力导致所述保护外套与所述安装内套发生偏转，进而使所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪发生脱离，导致误激发。
本发明的安全卡扣激活释放时，活塞杆推药，释放激发片逐渐接近所述锁紧外卡爪，最终所述释放激发片与所述释放斜面接触，沿所述释放斜面下移，推动所述锁紧外卡爪，使所述锁紧外卡爪沿卡爪框的连接部位向外翻转，使左右方向的限位机构发生脱离，使所述锁紧外卡爪与所述锁紧内卡爪彻底发生脱离；最终，操作人员松开手，弹簧作用，推动所述保护外套与所述安装内套远离，实现激发注射器保护装置。
本发明的安全卡扣在现有卡爪机构的基础上，通过设置左右限位结构，实现左右方向上的限位，进一步提高注射器保护装置完成组装后，在锁紧状态下进行储运的安全性，避免误触发。
本发明的注射器保护装置，对保护外套的外套筒体内设置的内止口相关结构进行改进，从而获得一个完整的外表面，便于粘贴标签，或刻蚀图文内容。
本发明的安全注射器，即将注射器安装到本发明的注射器保护装置内而形成。
本发明结构简单，易于实现，可满足客户对于在外表面粘贴标签，或刻蚀图文内容的需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的保护装置的零部件爆炸图；
图2为本发明的保护装置的组装剖视图；
图3为本发明的保护外套的结构示意图；
图4为本发明的安装内套的结构示意图1；
图5为本发明的安装内套的结构示意图2；
图6为本发明的注射器的零部件爆炸图；
图7为本发明的安全注射器的组装剖视图；
图8为本发明的安全注射器的组装结构示意图1；
图9为本发明的安全注射器的组装结构示意图2；
图10为本发明的安全注射器的保护释放过程状态剖视图1；
图11为本发明的安全注射器的保护释放过程状态剖视图2；
图12为本发明的安全注射器的保护释放过程状态示意图；
图13为本发明的安全注射器的保护状态示意图；
图14为本发明的安全注射器的保护状态剖视图1；
图15为本发明的安全注射器的保护状态剖视图2；
图16为本发明安全卡扣的实施例一的保护装置的整体结构示意图；
图17为本发明安全卡扣的实施例一的安装内套的整体结构示意图；
图18为本发明安全卡扣的实施例一的锁紧外卡爪的整体结构示意图1；
图19为本发明安全卡扣的实施例一的锁紧外卡爪的整体结构示意图2；
图20为本发明安全卡扣的实施例一的安全卡扣锁紧状态示意图；
图21为本发明安全卡扣的实施例一的安全卡扣激发状态示意图；
图22为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的保护装置的整体结构示意图1；
图23为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的保护装置的整体结构示意图2；
图24为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的保护外套的结构示意图；
图25为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的锁紧内卡爪的结构示意图1；
图26为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的锁紧内卡爪的结构示意图2；
图27为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的卡扣结构的锁紧状态剖视图；
图28为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的卡扣结构的激发状态剖视图；
图29为本发明安全卡扣的实施例二的卡扣结构的激发状态局部示意图；
图30为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的锁紧外卡爪的结构示意图1；
图31为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的锁紧外卡爪的结构示意图2；
图32为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的锁紧内卡爪的结构示意图；
图33为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的卡扣结构的锁紧状态剖视图；
图34为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的卡扣结构锁紧状态局部放大示意图；
图35为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的卡扣结构的激发状态局部示意图；
图36为本发明安全卡扣的实施例三的锁紧外卡爪的结构示意图3；
图37为本发明无凸起结构的保护装置的零部件爆炸图；
图38为本发明无凸起结构的保护外套的结构示意图；
图39为本发明无凸起结构的保护外套的剖视图1；
图40为本发明无凸起结构的保护外套的剖视图2；
图41为本发明无凸起结构的安装内套的结构示意图；
图42为本发明无凸起结构的安全注射器的组装结构示意图；
图43为本发明无凸起结构的安全注射器的组装结构剖视图；
附图标记：保护外套1、安装内套2、弹簧3；注射器筒4、活塞杆5、针头6、针头套7；
外套管口11、外套筒体12、导向滑槽13、内止口14、弹簧安装座15、锁紧内卡爪16、锁紧防护片17、手柄翼片18；弹簧限位卡151；防滑条19；内侧导槽141；
内卡爪面117，外卡爪限位体118；内卡爪凸块119；
针头套止退片21、止退爪22、导向块23、锁紧外卡爪24、卡爪框25、释放斜面26、活塞固定台阶27、注射器凸缘固定爪28、注射器凸缘固定槽29；连接条231；
内卡爪限位体227、内卡爪容纳槽228；
注射器凸缘41；释放激发片51，推头52。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。
如图1所示，本发明的注射器保护装置，包括保护外套1、安装内套2、及弹簧3；所述安装内套2外套设所述弹簧3，并将所述弹簧3压缩后装入所述保护外套1内，即形成本发明的注射器保护装置，待注射器组装后使用。
如图2、图3所示，所述保护外套1包括外套管口11、外套筒体12、导向滑槽13、内止口14、弹簧安装座15、锁紧内卡爪16、锁紧防护片17、手柄翼片18；所述外套管口11开口部位向内倾斜，形成内锥，起到一定的保护作用；所述外套管口11设置在所述外套筒体12的底部；所述外套筒体12的壁面上设有导向滑槽13，优选的对称设有2个所述导向滑槽13；所述外套筒体12的内壁中部设有内止口14，优选的对称设有2个所述内止口14；所述外套筒体12的上部设有弹簧安装座15，所述弹簧安装座15的底部直径大于所述外套筒体12的内径，所述弹簧安装座15内储纳有弹簧3，所述弹簧3的直径与所述弹簧安装座15的直径相匹配，故所述弹簧3不会卡入到所述外套筒体12内；优选的，在所述弹簧安装座15的底部内侧设有若干弹簧限位卡151，所述弹簧限位卡151可以对所述弹簧3的底部内侧进行更好的限位，防止所述弹簧3误卡入所述外套筒体12内；所述弹簧安装座15的上方设有锁紧内卡爪16，所述锁紧内卡爪16沿所述弹簧安装座15的周向设有2个以上；还设有手柄翼片18，常规来说，所述手柄翼片18两片作为一对，对称设置在所述弹簧安装座15或所述外套筒体12的外壁上，便于操作人员的手指勾扣；在所述手柄翼片18的底面设有若干防滑条19，增加摩擦力；优选的，在所述锁紧内卡爪16的外侧设有相应的锁紧防护片17，所述锁紧防护片17可设置在所述手柄翼片18的上表面，所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧防护片17之间留有锁紧安装空间。
如图2、图4、图5所示，所述安装内套2包括内套筒体，及针头套止退片21、止退爪22、导向块23、锁紧外卡爪24、卡爪框25、释放斜面26、活塞固定台阶27、注射器凸缘固定爪28、注射器凸缘固定槽29；组装时，所述内套筒体安装在所述外套筒体12内，所述内套筒体用来容纳注射器；所述内套筒体的底部设有所述针头套止退片21、及止退爪22；所述针头套止退片21向内倾斜设置，所述止退爪22向外倾斜设置；优选的，所述针头套止退片21、及所述止退爪22均设有2个以上，本实施例采用对称设置2个，且相互间隔90°，均布在所述内套筒体的底部；自然状态下，若干片所述针头套止退片21组成的底部直径小于所述内套筒体的内径，若干片所述止退爪22组成的底部直径大于所述外套筒体12的内径；所述内套筒体上设有导向块23，所述导向块23位于所述内套筒体的下部，所述导向块23凸出于所述内套筒体的外壁表面；所述导向块23扣入到所述导向滑槽13内；优选的，所述导向块23的底部通过连接条231与所述内套筒体相连，使所述导向块23上部悬空，在组装时，所述导向块23受所述外套筒体12内壁挤压，可以沿所述连接条231向内倾斜，滑入到所述 导向滑槽13内，方便组装。优选的，所述导向块23所在部位的所述内套筒体设有开窗，与所述导向滑槽13相对应，方便从外部直接查看注射器内的药液状态。
所述内套筒体的顶部设有保护装置锁紧机构、保护装置释放机构，及注射器固定机构。
所述保护装置锁紧机构包括锁紧外卡爪24，所述锁紧外卡爪24与所述锁紧内卡爪16相对接，实现保护装置的锁紧；所述锁紧外卡爪24悬臂固定在所述卡爪框25上，当所述安装内套2向下压入所述保护外套1内时，所述锁紧外卡爪24的底部与所述锁紧内卡爪16的顶部相接触，继续下压时所述锁紧外卡爪24绕所述卡爪框25偏转，两个卡爪最终实现互扣对接，弹簧3被压缩，完成本发明的注射器保护装置的组装。
所述保护装置释放机构包括释放斜面26，所述释放斜面26设置在所述锁紧外卡爪24上方的悬臂内侧，且位于所述卡爪框25的下方。
所述注射器固定机构包括注射器凸缘固定爪28、注射器凸缘固定槽29，所述注射器凸缘固定槽29位于所述内套筒体的顶端，在所述注射器凸缘固定槽29的上方设有若干所述注射器凸缘固定爪28，所述注射器凸缘固定爪28设有导向斜面。
进一步的，在所述释放斜面26的下方设有活塞固定台阶27，所述活塞固定台阶27位于所述锁紧外卡爪24上方的悬臂内侧；所述活塞固定台阶27高于所述注射器凸缘固定爪28的顶部。
如图6所示为注射器，包括注射器筒4、活塞杆5、针头6、及针头套7；所述注射器筒4的顶部设有注射器凸缘41；所述活塞杆5的顶部设有推头52，进一步的在所述推头52的下方还设有释放激发片51；部分情况下，所述推头52采用扁平化设计，可以实现所述释放激发片51的功能。
如图7、图8所示，将注射器预填充好药物后，整体安装到注射器保护装置的所述安装内套2的内套筒体内，所述注射器筒4的所述注射器凸缘41挤压所述注射器凸缘固定爪28的上部斜面，使所述注射器凸缘固定爪28沿根部绕曲变形后，压入到所述注射器凸缘固定槽29内，所述注射器凸缘固定爪28再弹性复位，对所述注射器凸缘41进行限位，实现注射器固定在所述注射器保护装置内。
如图9所示，使用时，取掉针头套7，裸露出针头6；此时，所述针头套止退片21弹性复位，防止将针头套7再次插回，进行二次使用；通过把持手柄翼片18，再推射所述推头52，利用针头6进行药物注射。
如图10、图11所示，当药物注释末期，所述释放激发片51卡入到释放斜面26，将锁紧外卡爪24打开，实现与锁紧内卡爪16相脱离，并最终所述释放激发片51完全卡入到所述活塞固定台阶27部位，完成激活释放，开始释放。
如图12所示，完成注射后，所述释放激发片51完全卡入到所述活塞固定台阶27部位，实现所述活塞杆5与所述注射器筒4的固定；操作人员松开本安全注射器，弹簧3开始释放，推动所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2开始相对运动，所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24脱离，所述外套管口11逐渐对针头6进行遮蔽保护；过程中，所述导向块23沿所述导向滑槽13进行滑动。
如图13～图15所示，所述弹簧3开始释放，所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2相对运动到最长状态；如图13、图15所示，此时，所述导向块23滑动到所述导向滑槽13的顶端，阻止所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2发生脱离；同时，如图14所示，所述止退爪22弹开并卡入到所述内止口14内，防止所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2重新相对缩回，露出针头6。
本发明的注射器保护装置，通过所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24互扣进行锁紧，对弹簧3进行压缩储能；注射器保护装置单独装配完毕后，使用时，将注射器安装进所述注射器保护装置的所述安装内套2内，将所述注射器凸缘41卡入到所述注射器凸缘固定槽29内，由所述注射器凸缘固定爪28进行锁紧；然后，拔掉针头套7露出针头6，进行注射作业；注射过程中，推动活塞杆5，进行推药；完成推药末期，活塞杆5对所述锁紧外卡爪24撑开，与所述锁紧内卡爪16进行脱离，同时释放激发片51卡入到活塞固定台阶27内，对活塞杆5的位置进行锁定；完成推药后，操作人员释放注射器及注射器保护装置，弹簧3开始释放，所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2相对运动，使所述外套管口11对针头6进行遮蔽保护。
本发明的注射器保护装置，所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2采用塑料制成，特别是所述安装内套2的相关部件，如所述针头套止退片21、止退爪22、连接条231、锁紧外卡爪24、注射器凸缘固定爪28具有较好的弹性，可以根据不同阶段的需要，发生一定的绕曲，及弹性复位。本发明的注射器保护装置，结构简单，组成的相应的安全注射器使用后，可以对针头6起到来良好的保护效果。
安全卡扣
本发明进一步对注射器保护装置中的卡扣结构进行改进，形成安全卡扣。
卡扣包括锁紧内卡爪16、锁紧外卡爪24。
所述锁紧内卡爪16位于保护外套1上，所述锁紧内卡爪16向上设置，位于卡扣结构的内侧，卡爪向外设置。
所述锁紧外卡爪24位于安装内套2上，所述锁紧外卡爪24向下设置在卡爪框25的下方，所述锁紧外卡爪24位于卡扣结构的外侧，卡爪向内设置；所述锁紧外卡爪24可受力沿所述卡爪框25偏转，与所述锁紧内卡爪16发生脱离，激发注射器保护装置。
安全卡扣实施例一：对锁紧外卡爪结构进行改进
如图16-图21所示，相对于现有技术，对锁紧外卡爪24的相关结构进行改进，形成具有安全限位的卡扣。
所述锁紧外卡爪24设有与所述锁紧内卡爪16相扣的卡爪面，所述锁紧外卡爪24的两侧设有内卡爪限位体227，两侧的所述内卡爪限位体227之间为内卡爪容纳槽228；锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪16位于所述内卡爪容纳槽228内；所述内卡爪限位体227对所述锁紧内卡爪16进行左右方向的限位。
所述内卡爪限位体227的上方设有释放斜面26，当需要激发注射器保护装置时，活塞杆5推药，释放激发片51逐渐接近所述锁紧外卡爪24，最终所述释放激发片51与所述释放斜面26接触，沿所述释放斜面26下移，推动所述锁紧外卡爪24，使所述锁紧外卡爪24向外翻转，最终使所述锁紧内卡爪16离开所述内卡爪容纳槽228，与所述锁紧外卡爪24发生脱离；而所述释放激发片51卡在所述内卡爪限位体227上，使所述锁紧外卡爪24保持撑开状态；此时，操作人员松开手，弹簧3作用，推动所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2远离，实现激发注射器保护装置。
所述锁紧外卡爪24的底部设有外卡爪导向斜面29，相应的所述锁紧内卡爪16的顶部亦设有导向斜面，两者斜面配合，方便组装，即将所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2相互挤压时，所述锁紧内卡爪16的顶部沿所述外卡爪导向斜面29推动所述锁紧外卡爪24，最终使所述锁紧内卡爪16的卡扣部位落入到所述内卡爪容纳槽228内，所述锁紧外卡爪24弹性复位，完成组装。
本实施例中，通过在锁紧外卡爪24的两侧设置所述内卡爪限位体227，形成所述内卡爪容纳槽228，常规状态下所述锁紧内卡爪16卡在所述内卡爪容纳槽228内，形成具有安全限位的卡扣，所述锁紧内卡爪16的左右方向均有阻挡，不会受外力导致所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2发生偏转，进而使所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24发生脱离，从而导致误激发。
安全卡扣实施例二：对锁紧内卡爪结构进行改进
如图22-图29所示，相对于现有技术，对锁紧内卡爪16的相关结构进行改进，形成具有安全限位的卡扣。
所述锁紧内卡爪16设有与所述锁紧外卡爪24相扣的内卡爪面117；本实施例的改进之处在于，在所述内卡爪面117的两侧设有外卡爪限位体118；锁紧状态下，所述锁紧外卡爪24的卡爪面卡入到两侧的外卡爪限位体118之间，并与所述内卡爪面117相扣合，通过所述外卡爪限位体118对所述锁紧外卡爪24进行左右方向的限位。
所述锁紧内卡爪16的上部向外设有斜面，与所述锁紧外卡爪24的外卡爪导向斜面29相配合，便于组装。
本实施例的安全卡扣激活释放时，活塞杆5推药，释放激发片51逐渐接近所述锁紧外卡爪24，最终所述释放激发片51与所述释放斜面26接触，沿所述释放斜面26下移，推动所述锁紧外卡爪24，使所述锁紧外卡爪24沿卡爪框25的连接部位向外翻转，最终使所述锁紧外卡爪24逐渐离开所述外卡爪限位体118，与所述锁紧内卡爪16彻底发生脱离；最终，操作人员松开手，弹簧3作用，推动所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2远离，实现激发注射器保护装置。
本实施例中，通过设置外卡爪限位体118对所述锁紧外卡爪24进行限位，形成具有安全限位的卡扣，确保不会受外力导致所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2发生偏转，进而使所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24发生脱离，从而导致误激发。
安全卡扣实施例三：对锁紧内卡爪、锁紧外卡爪结构进行改进
如图30-图36所示，相对于现有技术，同时对锁紧内卡爪16、及锁紧外卡爪24的相关结构进行改进，形成具有安全限位的卡扣。
所述锁紧外卡爪24的卡爪主体中间开设有凹槽，从而形成内卡爪容纳槽228，两侧形成内卡爪限位体227。为便于制造成型，所述释放斜面26的主体中间亦可开设与所述内卡爪容纳槽228相贯通的凹槽(如图30、图31所示)，或所述释放斜面26的主体并不开设凹槽，为连续的整体(如图36所示)。
所述锁紧内卡爪16的卡爪主体中间下部设有凸起的内卡爪凸块119；所述内卡爪凸块119的宽度尺寸与所述内卡爪容纳槽228的宽度尺寸相匹配。
如图33、图34所示，本发明的安全卡扣锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24相接触，特别是所述内卡爪凸块119卡入到所述内卡爪容纳槽228内，从而实现所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24的左右方向的限位。
本实施例的安全卡扣激活释放时，活塞杆5推药，释放激发片51逐渐接近所述锁紧外卡爪24，最终所述释放激发片51与所述释放斜面26接触，沿所述释放斜面26下移，推动所述锁紧外卡爪24，使所述锁紧外卡爪24沿卡爪框25的连接部位向外翻转，最终使所述锁紧外卡爪24逐渐离开所述外卡爪限位体118，特别是所述内卡爪容纳槽228与所述内卡爪凸块119相脱离，使所述锁紧外卡爪24与所述锁紧内卡爪16彻底发生脱离；最终，操作人员松开手，弹簧3作用，推动所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2远离，实现激发注射器保护装置。
本实施例中，通过设置内卡爪凸块119、内卡爪容纳槽228，形成凹凸互扣的限位结构，进而形成具有安全限位的卡扣，确保不会受外力导致所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2发生偏转，进而使所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24发生脱离，从而导致误激发。
安全卡扣实施例四：对锁紧内卡爪、锁紧外卡爪结构进行改进
基于上述实施例三，还可以对所述锁紧内卡爪16的中间开设凹槽形成外卡爪容纳槽，对所述锁紧外卡爪24的中部下方设置外卡爪凸块，通过外卡爪凸块卡入到外卡爪容纳槽内，形成凹凸互扣的限位结构，进而形成具有安全限位的卡扣。
通过在卡爪部位设置左右限位的结构，形成安全卡扣，确保不会受外力导致所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2发生偏转，进而使所述锁紧内卡爪16与所述锁紧外卡爪24发生脱离，从而导致误激发。
无凸起结构的安全注射器
如图37所示，无凸起结构的注射器保护装置，由保护外套1、安装内套2、弹簧3所构成，安装内套2套上弹簧3后压装在所述保护外套1内；待使用过程中，锁紧卡扣结构被打开，弹簧3释放，将保护外套1与安装内套2弹开，保护外套1对位于安装内套2内的注射器的针头进行遮蔽防护。
如图38所示，所述保护外套1的外套筒体12的外表面无凸起结构，形成连续的表面，便于粘贴标签，或刻蚀图文内容。
进一步的，如图39、图40所示，所述保护外套1的内侧仍设有内止口14，只是为了获得无凸起结构的外套筒体12，该部位的材料壁厚适当加厚，从而形成内止口14；进一步的，在所述内止口14所在纵向上，还设有内侧导槽141，所述内侧导槽141由所述内止口14所在位置向下延伸，至外套管口附近。
所述保护外套1上仍设有导向滑槽13；所述导向滑槽13可贯穿所述外套筒体12的壁面，亦可仅设置在所述外套筒体12的内侧，而不贯穿所述外套筒体12的壁面，从而得到一个更加连续、完整的外套筒体12的外表面，便于粘贴标签，或刻蚀图文内容。
所述安装内套2，如图41所示，与现有结构类似，在底部设有止退爪22，并且设有导向块23；所述止退爪22向外张开，具体弹性。
如图42所示，本发明的注射器保护装置完成组装后，所述导向块23卡入在所述导向滑槽13内，对所述保护外套1与所述安装内套2的相对运动进行导向及限位；为便于在所述外套筒体12的外表面施加标签，或刻蚀图文内容，所述导向滑槽13不贯穿所述外套筒体12的壁面；即使所述导向滑槽13贯穿所述外套筒体12的壁面时，此时所述导向块23的卡入到所 述导向滑槽13内的高度也较低，尽量不凸出于所述外套筒体12的外表面，这样粘贴标签后，对所述导向滑槽13的外表面进行覆盖后，亦不会影响所述导向块23的运动。
如图43所示，本发明的注射器保护装置完成组装后，所述止退爪22位于所述外套筒体12的内侧，特别是所述止退爪22可容纳在所述内侧导槽141内，从而本保护装置锁定状态时，所述止退爪22内侧离中轴线距离足够远，不会对针头套7发生干扰，影响针头套7的拔出。当本保护装置完成激发后，所述止退爪22在所述内侧导槽141内滑动，最后到达所述内止口14处，所述止退爪22受自身弹力作用，进一步弹开，完成止退功能，防止所述安装内套2能够再缩回到所述保护外套1内，将针头6再次暴露出来。当完成激发后，在所述保护外套1及所述安装内套2上施加外力，视图将所述安装内套2再装回至所述保护外套1内时，所述止退爪22卡在所述内止口14内阻止缩回。
本发明的注射器保护装置，通过对局部结构的改进，从而获得了整圆结构的外套筒体12外壁面，便于粘贴标签，或刻蚀图文内容。
本发明的注射器保护装置，应用作为安全注射器时，即将一次性注射器安装在所述安装内套2内，活塞杆5用于注射药物及激发本发明的注射器保护装置。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。

Claims (22)

  1. 注射器保护装置，其特征在于，包括保护外套、安装内套、弹簧；
    所述安装内套的外壁套设所述弹簧，并将所述弹簧压缩后装入所述保护外套内，形成注射器保护装置；
    所述保护外套包括外套管口、外套筒体、导向滑槽、内止口、弹簧安装座、锁紧内卡爪；
    所述外套管口设置在所述外套筒体的底部；
    所述外套筒体的壁面上设有所述导向滑槽；
    所述外套筒体的内壁中部设有内止口；
    所述外套筒体的上部设有弹簧安装座，所述弹簧安装座的底部直径大于所述外套筒体的内径，所述弹簧安装座内储纳有所述弹簧；
    所述弹簧安装座的上方设有锁紧内卡爪，所述锁紧内卡爪沿所述弹簧安装座的周向设有2个以上；
    所述安装内套包括内套筒体，及止退爪、导向块、锁紧外卡爪、卡爪框、释放斜面、注射器凸缘固定爪、注射器凸缘固定槽；
    所述内套筒体安装在所述外套筒体内，所述内套筒体用来容纳注射器；
    所述内套筒体的底部设有所述止退爪，所述止退爪向外倾斜设置；未组装前的自然状态下，所述止退爪的底部所在同心圆直径大于所述外套筒体的内径；
    所述内套筒体上设有导向块，所述导向块位于所述内套筒体的下部，所述导向块凸出于所述内套筒体的外壁表面；所述导向块扣入到所述导向滑槽内；
    所述内套筒体的顶部设有保护装置锁紧机构、保护装置释放机构，及注射器固定机构；
    所述保护装置锁紧机构包括锁紧外卡爪，所述锁紧外卡爪与所述锁紧内卡爪相互扣，实现注射器保护装置的锁紧；所述锁紧外卡爪悬臂固定在所述卡爪框上；
    所述保护装置释放机构包括释放斜面，所述释放斜面设置在所述锁紧外卡爪上方的悬臂内侧，且位于所述卡爪框的下方；
    所述注射器固定机构包括注射器凸缘固定爪、注射器凸缘固定槽，所述注射器凸缘固定槽位于所述内套筒体的顶端，在所述注射器凸缘固定槽的上方设有若干所述注射器凸缘固定爪，所述注射器凸缘固定爪设有导向斜面。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述保护外套上设有锁紧防护片，所述锁紧防护片设置在所述锁紧内卡爪的外侧；所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧防护片之间留有所述锁紧外卡爪的插入空间。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述保护外套上设有手柄翼片，所述手柄翼片设有2片，对称设置在所述弹簧安装座或所述外套筒体的外壁上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，在所述手柄翼片的底面设有若干防滑条。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述外套管口开口部位向内倾斜，形成内锥。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述导向滑槽设有2个以上，对称设置在所述保护外套的壁面上；所述导向块相应的设有2个以上，对称设置在所述内套筒体的壁面上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，在所述弹簧安装座的底部内侧设有若干弹簧限位卡，所述弹簧限位卡凸起，并均布在所述外套筒体的顶部；所述弹簧的内径卡入在所述弹簧限位卡凸构成的限位部的外侧。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述内套筒体的底部设有针头套止退片，所述针头套止退片向内倾斜设置；所述针头套止退片的底部所在同心圆直径小于所述内套筒体的内径。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述针头套止退片、及所述止退爪均设有2个以上；所述针头套止退片及所述止退爪间隔均布在所述内套筒体的底部。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述导向块的底部通过连接条与所述内套筒体相连，所述导向块上部悬空，所述导向块可沿所述连接条向内倾斜。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述导向块所在部位的所述内套筒体设有开窗，所述开窗的方位与所述导向滑槽的方位相对应。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，在所述释放斜面的下方设有活塞固定台阶，所述活塞固定台阶位于所述锁紧外卡爪上方的悬臂内侧；所述活塞固定台阶高于所述注射器凸缘固定爪的顶部。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述保护外套及所述安装内套上设有左右限位结构的锁紧内卡爪及锁紧外卡爪，形成安全卡扣，包括锁紧内卡爪、锁紧外卡爪；所述锁紧外卡爪自然状态下向内扣住所述锁紧内卡爪；在所述锁紧内卡爪的爪体与所述锁紧外卡爪的爪体接触部位，设有左右限位结构。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述锁紧外卡爪的两侧设有内卡爪限位体，两侧的所述内卡爪限位体之间形成内卡爪容纳槽；锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪位于所述内卡爪容纳槽内；所述内卡爪限位体对所述锁紧内卡爪进行左右方向的限位。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧内卡爪设有与所述锁紧外卡爪相扣的内卡爪面；在所述内卡爪面的两侧设有外卡爪限位体； 锁紧状态下，所述锁紧外卡爪的卡爪面卡入到两侧的外卡爪限位体之间，并与所述内卡爪面相扣合；所述外卡爪限位体对所述锁紧外卡爪进行左右方向的限位。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧外卡爪的卡爪主体中间开设有凹槽，形成内卡爪容纳槽，所述锁紧外卡爪的卡爪主体两侧形成内卡爪限位体；
    所述锁紧内卡爪的卡爪主体中间下部设有凸起的内卡爪凸块；所述内卡爪凸块的宽度与所述内卡爪容纳槽的宽度相匹配；
    锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪相接触，所述内卡爪凸块卡入到所述内卡爪容纳槽内。
  17. 如权利要求13所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述左右限位结构为，所述锁紧内卡爪的中间开设凹槽形成外卡爪容纳槽；所述锁紧外卡爪的中部下方设置外卡爪凸块；所述外卡爪凸块的宽度与所述外卡爪容纳槽的宽度相匹配；
    锁紧状态下，所述锁紧内卡爪与所述锁紧外卡爪相接触，所述外卡爪凸块卡入到所述外卡爪容纳槽内。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述保护外套的外套筒体的外表面无凸起结构；
    所述保护外套的外套筒体的内侧壁面中部设有凹陷的内止口；
    所述安装内套的底部设有止退爪；
    所述止退爪在所述安装内套与所述保护外套完成激发后弹开，并卡入到所述内止口的上方。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述保护外套的外套筒体的内侧壁面上设有内侧导槽，所述内止口位于所述内侧导槽内。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述止退爪在所述安装内套与所述保护外套处于锁止状态时，卡在所述内侧导槽内。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的注射器保护装置，其特征在于，所述保护外套上设有导向滑槽；
    所述安装内套的底部设有导向块；
    所述导向块卡入在所述导向滑槽内。
  22. 安全注射器，包括注射器；其特征在于，注射器安装在如权利要求1-21任一条所述的注射器针头保护装置的安装内套内。
PCT/CN2021/102380 2020-09-10 2021-06-25 注射器保护装置及其安全注射器 WO2022052575A1 (zh)

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DE212021000440.7U DE212021000440U1 (de) 2020-09-10 2021-06-25 Spritzenschutzvorrichtung und Sicherheitsspritze

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CN202022824635.7U CN214181356U (zh) 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 安全卡扣及其注射器针头保护装置
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