WO2022052411A1 - 动态调节pwm信号的方法、系统和动态控制大功率灯的系统 - Google Patents

动态调节pwm信号的方法、系统和动态控制大功率灯的系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022052411A1
WO2022052411A1 PCT/CN2021/074042 CN2021074042W WO2022052411A1 WO 2022052411 A1 WO2022052411 A1 WO 2022052411A1 CN 2021074042 W CN2021074042 W CN 2021074042W WO 2022052411 A1 WO2022052411 A1 WO 2022052411A1
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Prior art keywords
duty cycle
standard
cycle
signal
duration
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PCT/CN2021/074042
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋伟楷
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广州市浩洋电子股份有限公司
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Priority to EP21758300.4A priority Critical patent/EP4213595A4/en
Priority to US17/462,210 priority patent/US11464089B2/en
Publication of WO2022052411A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052411A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
    • H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of dimming of lighting lamps, and more particularly, to a method and system for dynamically adjusting PWM signals and a system for dynamically controlling high-power lamps.
  • the dimming process of high-power LED lighting has the characteristics of high current.
  • the PWM signal is used to control the MOS tube to control the dimming of the LED lamp.
  • the PWM signal is at a high level
  • the MOS tube that drives the LED lamp is in conduction.
  • the LED light is turned on due to the passing of current;
  • the PWM signal is low
  • the MOS tube driving the LED light is in the off state, and the LED light is extinguished because there is no current passing through, so the LED light is constantly and rapidly turning on and off alternately.
  • a high-level signal and a low-level signal together form a signal period, and the inverse of the signal period is the LED refresh rate.
  • What determines the brightness of the LED light is the duty cycle of the high level in the PWM signal in one signal cycle. The higher the duty cycle, the higher the brightness of the LED light.
  • the rapid on-off state of the LED light is generally invisible to the naked eye, but the camera can capture the rapid on-off of the LED light at a certain exposure frequency.
  • the camera captures the rapid on-off of the LED light, the camera is shooting.
  • the flickering problem occurs. Therefore, the source of camera flickering is the exposure frequency of the camera.
  • the camera will automatically reduce the exposure time, that is, increase the exposure frequency.
  • the exposure time of the camera is less than the signal period of the PWM signal that controls the light source, the camera has the opportunity to capture the individual on-off state of the LED light, which will cause the camera to flicker.
  • the present invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the above-mentioned prior art, and provides a method and system for dynamically adjusting a PWM signal and a system for dynamically controlling a high-power lamp, so as to simultaneously solve the problems of insufficient smoothness of LED dimming and flickering in camera shooting .
  • a method for dynamically adjusting a PWM signal, the standard signal period of the PWM signal and the standard duty cycle of the valid pulses in the standard signal period are preset; the target duty cycle input by the user is received, and the target duty cycle is compared with the standard duty cycle.
  • the method provided by the invention is used to adjust the duty ratio of the PWM signal, and the adjusted PWM signal is mainly used to control the lighting and extinguishing of the lighting lamp, and the brightness of the lighting lamp is determined by the duty cycle of the effective pulse in the PWM signal in one signal period
  • the ratio that is, the proportion of the duration of the effective pulse in one signal period, the higher the duty ratio of the effective pulse of the PWM signal, the higher the brightness of the lamp.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal will affect the dimming smoothness of the lighting lamp, and at the same time, it will also cause the camera working under the lighting lamp to have the problem of shooting flicker.
  • the present invention divides the adjustment of the duty cycle of the PWM signal into two adjustment methods.
  • the standard duty cycle is used as the initial adjustment state of each duty cycle adjustment.
  • receive the target duty cycle input by the user.
  • the target duty cycle refers to the duty cycle of the effective pulse expected by the user in a certain signal cycle.
  • the duty ratio is compared with the size, and two different adjustment methods are used to adjust according to the result of the size comparison.
  • the first adjustment method is that when the target duty cycle is smaller than the standard duty cycle, while keeping the duration of the valid pulse unchanged, the signal cycle duration is adjusted relative to the standard signal cycle. Since the signal cycle changes, the refresh rate of the PWM signal (that is, the reciprocal of the signal period) will also change accordingly. At this time, since the duration of the valid pulse is unchanged, the refresh rate of the PWM signal is proportional to the duty cycle of the valid pulse. The higher the duty cycle of the valid pulse, the higher the PWM signal The higher the refresh rate, the higher the refresh rate; this stage is mainly used in the process of adjusting the effective pulse duty cycle. Since the camera’s exposure rate is too high to cause flickering during the shooting process, the refresh rate of the PWM signal needs to be adjusted accordingly.
  • the duty cycle of the effective pulse (ie the brightness of the lamp) increases. After the adjustment is completed, that is, when the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle, since the duration of the signal cycle changes during the adjustment process, the target duty cycle and the adjusted signal cycle The length of time to generate the corrected PWM signal.
  • the second adjustment method is to keep the duration of the standard signal cycle unchanged when the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle, so that the refresh rate remains unchanged.
  • the PWM is maintained by keeping the signal cycle unchanged.
  • the refresh rate of the signal remains unchanged.
  • the duration of the valid pulse is variable, so that the duty cycle of the valid pulse changes.
  • This adjustment method is mainly used in the process of adjusting the effective pulse duty cycle. Due to the need to prevent the refresh rate from being too high, the dimming problem of the lighting lamp is not smooth. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the refresh rate of the PWM signal unchanged.
  • the duty cycle is adjusted while keeping the refresh rate of the PWM signal unchanged. After the adjustment is completed, that is, when the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle, the corrected PWM signal is generated with the target duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • the duty cycle does not need to be adjusted, and the corrected PWM signal is directly generated according to the standard duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • the method adopted in the present invention adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal by two adjustment methods.
  • the first adjustment method can be used to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal while changing the refresh rate with the change of the duty cycle, preventing the The camera flickers when shooting under a light source controlled by a PWM signal.
  • the second adjustment method can be used to keep the refresh rate unchanged while adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal to prevent the lighting from dimming due to an excessively high refresh rate.
  • the two adjustment methods can effectively solve the above two problems at the same time, and the adjustment method is fast and simple, and the adjustment efficiency is high.
  • the target duty cycle when the target duty cycle is smaller than the standard duty cycle, keep the duration of the effective pulse in the standard signal cycle unchanged, and adjust the signal cycle duration relative to the standard signal cycle, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target from the standard duty cycle.
  • the duty cycle is specifically: when the target duty cycle is smaller than the standard duty cycle, keep the duration of the valid pulses in the standard signal cycle unchanged, increase the duration of the invalid pulses in the standard signal cycle, and increase the duration of the standard signal cycle, thereby increasing the duration of the standard signal cycle. Reduce the duty cycle of the valid pulse to make the duty cycle of the valid pulse reach the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the target duty cycle is smaller than the standard duty cycle
  • This adjustment process needs to reduce the duty cycle of the valid pulses in the standard signal period, so the duration of the valid pulses cannot be maintained.
  • the duty cycle of the valid pulse is adjusted by adjusting the duration of the invalid pulse in the signal period. Then it becomes lower; the lower the duty cycle of the effective pulse, the lower the brightness of the lighting lamp. Since the problem of camera flickering does not need to be considered after the brightness becomes lower, the refresh rate of the signal can also be lower.
  • the target duty cycle when the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle, keep the duration of the standard signal cycle unchanged, and adjust the duration of the effective pulse in the standard signal cycle, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the target duty cycle when the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle, keep the duration of the standard signal cycle unchanged, increase the duration of the valid pulses in the standard signal cycle, and reduce the duration of the invalid pulses in the standard signal cycle, thereby increasing the effective pulse duration , so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal is kept at a certain value during the process of increasing the brightness of the lighting lamp, which avoids the situation that the lighting lamp is not dimming smoothly, and can adjust the duty cycle of the effective pulse by adjusting Adjust the brightness of the light.
  • the standard duty cycle is determined by the power of the lighting lamp and the exposure frequency captured by the camera; the lighting process of the lighting lamp is controlled by the generated correction PWM signal, and the camera shoots under the light generated by the lighting lamp.
  • the standard duty cycle is determined according to the power of the lighting lamp and the exposure rate of the camera.
  • the camera that shoots under the light of the lighting will increase its exposure rate. If the refresh rate of the PWM signal controlling the lighting is too low, it will cause the problem of shooting flicker, but the refresh rate cannot be too high, otherwise the dimming will not be smooth. It can be seen that the power of the lighting lamp and the exposure rate of the camera are the main factors affecting the adjustment process. Therefore, a preset value is determined according to the power of the lighting lamp and the exposure rate of the camera, and the preset proportion is used. The value is used as the standard duty cycle.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal can be reduced with the reduction of the effective pulse duty cycle; when the target duty cycle input by the user exceeds the standard duty cycle, the refresh rate corresponding to the standard signal period will be reduced.
  • the refresh rate has reached a certain height. If the refresh rate continues to increase, the dimming of the lighting will not be smooth. Therefore, the duty cycle of the effective pulse should be increased while keeping the refresh rate of the PWM signal unchanged, so that the brightness of the lighting will be improved. Increase.
  • the signal period range of the generated corrected PWM signal is between 1/600s and 1/25000s, that is, the refresh rate of the generated corrected PWM signal is between 600hz and 25khz.
  • a system for dynamically adjusting a PWM signal comprising: a signal detection module for presetting a standard signal period of the PWM signal and a standard duty cycle of valid pulses in the standard signal period, receiving a target duty cycle input by a user and converting the target duty cycle to the target duty cycle.
  • the duty cycle is compared with the standard duty cycle, and the comparison result is generated; the constant effective pulse width modulation module is used to keep the signal when the comparison result generated by the signal detection module is that the target duty cycle of the effective pulse is less than the standard duty cycle
  • the duration of the valid pulse in the standard signal cycle preset by the detection module remains unchanged, and the duration of the signal cycle is adjusted relative to the standard signal cycle so that the duty cycle of the valid pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the time length and target duty cycle of the PWM signal are generated to correct the PWM signal; the constant cycle pulse width modulation module is used to maintain the signal detection when the result of the size comparison generated by the signal detection module is that the target duty cycle of the effective pulse is greater than the standard duty cycle
  • the duration of the standard signal cycle preset by the module remains unchanged. Adjust the duration of the effective pulse in the standard signal cycle so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse changes from the standard duty cycle to the target duty cycle.
  • the constant active pulse width modulation module, or the constant period pulse width modulation module is also used to compare the standard duty cycle with the standard signal period when the comparison result is that the target duty cycle of the active pulse is equal to the standard duty cycle The length of time to generate the corrected PWM signal.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal will affect the dimming smoothness of the lighting lamp, and at the same time, it will also cause the camera working under the lighting lamp to have the problem of shooting flicker.
  • the present invention divides the adjustment of the duty cycle of the PWM signal into two adjustment methods, which are performed by different modules.
  • the standard signal cycle of the PWM signal and the standard duty cycle of the valid pulses in the standard signal cycle are preset in the signal detection module, and the standard duty cycle is used as the starting adjustment for each duty cycle adjustment.
  • the signal detection module receives the target duty cycle input by the user.
  • the target duty cycle refers to the duty cycle of the effective pulse expected by the user in a certain signal cycle.
  • the constant effective pulse width modulation module is called to adjust the duty cycle of the effective pulse.
  • the signal cycle duration is adjusted relative to the standard signal cycle. Since the signal cycle changes, the refresh rate of the PWM signal (that is, the reciprocal of the signal cycle) will also change.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal is proportional to the duty cycle of the effective pulse. The higher the duty cycle of the effective pulse, the higher the refresh rate of the PWM signal; this stage is mainly used in the process of adjusting the duty cycle of the effective pulse.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal needs to be increased with the increase of the duty cycle of the effective pulse (the brightness of the lighting lamp).
  • the constant cycle pulse width modulation module is called to adjust the duty cycle of the effective pulse. change, so that the refresh rate remains unchanged.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal is kept unchanged by keeping the signal period unchanged.
  • the duration of the effective pulse can be adjusted. changes, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse changes.
  • This adjustment method is mainly used in the process of adjusting the effective pulse duty cycle. Due to the need to prevent the refresh rate from being too high, the dimming problem of the lighting lamp is not smooth. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the refresh rate of the PWM signal unchanged.
  • the duty cycle is adjusted while keeping the refresh rate of the PWM signal unchanged. After the adjustment is completed, that is, when the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle, the constant-cycle pulse width modulation module generates the corrected PWM signal with the target duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • the constant cycle pulse width modulation module or the constant effective pulse width modulation module directly generates the corrected PWM signal according to the standard duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • the constant effective pulse width modulation module is used to keep the duration of the effective pulse in the standard signal period preset by the signal detection module unchanged, and adjust the duration of the signal period relative to the standard signal period, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse is changed from the standard duty cycle. Reaching the target duty cycle is specifically: the constant effective pulse width modulation module is used to keep the duration of the valid pulses in the standard signal cycle preset by the signal detection module unchanged, and increase the duration of the invalid pulses in the standard signal cycle, so that the standard signal cycle is longer than that of the standard signal cycle. The duration increases, thereby reducing the duty cycle of the effective pulse, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the constant effective pulse width modulation module is called to adjust the duty cycle of the effective pulse to reach the target duty cycle.
  • This adjustment process needs to reduce the duty cycle of the effective pulse, so In the case of keeping the duration of the valid pulse unchanged, the duty cycle of the valid pulse is adjusted by adjusting the duration of the invalid pulse in the signal period. The longer it is, the lower the refresh rate of the signal; the lower the duty cycle of the effective pulse, the lower the brightness of the lighting. Since the problem of camera flickering does not need to be considered after the brightness becomes lower, the refresh rate of the signal can also be adjusted. then lower.
  • the constant cycle pulse width modulation module is used to keep the duration of the standard signal cycle preset by the signal detection module unchanged, and adjust the duration of the valid pulses in the standard signal cycle, so that the duty cycle of the valid pulses reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the empty ratio is specifically: the constant cycle pulse width modulation module is used to keep the duration of the standard signal cycle preset by the signal detection module unchanged, increase the duration of valid pulses in the standard signal cycle, and reduce the duration of invalid pulses in the standard signal cycle, Thus, the duty cycle of the effective pulse is increased, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle.
  • the constant-cycle pulse width modulation module is called to adjust the duty cycle of the effective pulse to reach the target duty cycle.
  • This adjustment process needs to increase the duty cycle of the effective pulse.
  • the signal refresh rate corresponding to the standard signal period is already in a relatively high state, so while increasing the duty cycle of the effective pulse, the refresh rate cannot continue to be increased, otherwise the problem of unsmooth dimming of the lighting will occur, and the refresh rate is maintained.
  • a system for dynamically controlling high-power lamps comprising transistors and lighting lamps electrically connected to the transistors, and also includes the above-mentioned system for dynamically adjusting PWM signals, wherein both a constant effective pulse width modulation module and a constant cycle pulse width modulation module are electrically connected to the transistors , and output the generated corrected PWM signal to the transistor; the transistor is used to control the turn-on and turn-off of the driving current according to the PWM signal output by the constant effective pulse width modulation module or the constant cycle pulse width modulation module, thereby controlling the lighting lamp brightness.
  • the power range of the lighting lamp is between 600w and 5000w.
  • the system for controlling high-power lighting lamps provided by the present invention is mainly applied to high-power lighting lamps of 600w to 5000w. Since the dimming process of high-power lighting lamps has the characteristics of large current, PWM signals are used to control the transistors driving the lighting lamps. Therefore, the system provided by the present invention is mainly applied to the on-off control of high-power lighting lamps, in which the brightness of high-power lighting lamps is controlled specifically through the refresh rate and the duration ratio of effective pulses.
  • the method/system adopted in the present invention divides the duty ratio of the PWM signal into two adjustment modes or is processed by two modules in different adjustment modes.
  • the first adjustment mode/one of the modules (constant effective pulse width modulation module) It is mainly used to prevent the camera from flickering during shooting while adjusting the duty cycle of the effective pulse of the signal.
  • the second adjustment method/another module (constant cycle pulse width modulation module) is mainly used to adjust the signal At the same time of the duty cycle of the effective pulse, it can prevent the problem of unsmooth dimming of the lighting due to the high refresh rate.
  • the two-stage adjustment can effectively prevent the occurrence of the aforementioned two problems, and the adjustment method is fast and simple. , the regulation efficiency is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the duty ratio of the effective pulse in the adjustment process of step S2 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the duty ratio of the effective pulse and the refresh rate in the adjustment process of step S2 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the duty ratio of the effective pulse in the adjustment process of step S3 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the duty ratio of the effective pulse and the refresh rate in the adjustment process of step S3 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the overall relationship between the duty cycle of the effective pulse and the refresh rate in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the system in Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the system in Embodiment 2.
  • This embodiment provides a method for dynamically adjusting a PWM signal, the steps comprising:
  • S1 The standard signal period of the preset PWM signal and the standard duty cycle of the valid pulses in the standard signal period;
  • step S2 If the target duty cycle is smaller than the standard duty cycle, execute step S2; if the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle, execute step S3; if the target duty cycle is equal to the standard duty cycle, execute step S4;
  • S2 Keep the duration of the valid pulse in the standard signal cycle unchanged, adjust the duration of the signal cycle relative to the standard signal cycle, so that the duty cycle of the valid pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle, according to the adjusted duration of the signal cycle and the target duty cycle to generate a corrected PWM signal;
  • S3 Keep the duration of the standard signal cycle unchanged, adjust the duration of the effective pulse in the standard signal cycle, so that the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle, according to the duration of the standard signal cycle and the target duty cycle Generate a corrected PWM signal;
  • S4 Generate a corrected PWM signal according to the standard duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • the method for dynamically adjusting a PWM signal provided in Embodiment 1 can be specifically applied to any module, device or device that is applicable to this method.
  • the method provided in this embodiment is used to adjust the PWM signal, and the adjusted PWM signal is mainly used to control lighting. Lights on and off, the lighting can be LED lighting or any lighting suitable for adjustment with PWM signal.
  • What determines the brightness of the lamp is the duty cycle of the effective pulse in the PWM signal in one signal period, that is, the proportion of the effective pulse in one signal period. the higher the brightness.
  • the lighting is in a state of rapid on and off, which cannot be observed by the naked eye, but if a camera shoots under the light of the lighting, the camera will be under a certain exposure frequency It is possible to capture the rapid on-off of the lighting, when the camera captures the rapid on-off of the lighting, the camera will have the problem of flickering when shooting.
  • the brightness of the lighting lamp is high, in order to avoid overexposure of the photosensitive device of the camera, the camera needs to shorten the exposure time, that is, increase the exposure frequency.
  • the exposure time of the camera is less than the signal period of the PWM signal that controls the light source, the camera has the opportunity to capture the individual on-off states of the lighting, which will cause the camera to flicker.
  • the method provided by this embodiment solves the aforementioned problems caused by the refresh rate while adjusting the PWM signal.
  • the method provided in this embodiment divides the adjustment process of the PWM signal into two adjustment modes, which are respectively processed by step S2 and step S3.
  • the standard signal cycle of the PWM signal and the standard duty cycle of the valid pulses in the standard signal cycle are preset in step S1.
  • the duration of the standard signal cycle can be between 1/16000s ⁇ 1/25000s , can preferably be set to 1/20000s.
  • the standard duty cycle is used as the initial adjustment state of each duty cycle adjustment.
  • the target duty cycle input by the user/external is received.
  • the target duty cycle refers to the user For the expected duty cycle of the effective pulse in a certain signal period, compare the target duty cycle with the standard duty cycle, and select two different adjustment methods to adjust according to the result of the comparison.
  • Step S2 is the first adjustment method, and the execution condition is that when the comparison result of step S1 is that the target duty cycle is less than the standard duty cycle, in step S2, in the case of keeping the duration of the effective pulse unchanged, relative to the standard signal period Adjust the duration of the signal cycle. Since the signal cycle changes, the refresh rate of the PWM signal (ie, the inverse of the signal cycle) will also change. At this time, since the duration of the valid pulse does not change, the refresh rate of the PWM signal will vary with the valid pulse. The duty cycle changes, the higher the duty cycle of the effective pulse, the higher the refresh rate of the PWM signal.
  • This stage is mainly used when the brightness of the lighting lamp is low (that is, the duty cycle of the effective pulse and the refresh rate of the PWM signal are low).
  • the duty cycle of the effective pulse and the refresh rate of the PWM signal are low.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal will also increase with the brightness of the lamp.
  • Step S3 is the second adjustment method.
  • the execution condition is that the comparison result of step S1 is that the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle.
  • the refresh rate is kept constant by keeping the duration of the standard signal cycle unchanged.
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal is kept constant by keeping the signal period unchanged.
  • the duration of the valid pulse is variable, so that the duty cycle of the valid pulse is kept constant. ratio changes.
  • This adjustment method is mainly used when the brightness of the lighting lamp is high (that is, the duty cycle of the effective pulse is the standard duty cycle), when the refresh rate of the PWM signal reaches a certain height (the reciprocal of the standard signal period), due to It is necessary to prevent the problem of uneven dimming of the lighting, so it is necessary to keep the refresh rate of the PWM signal unchanged. Under the condition that the refresh rate of the PWM signal is kept unchanged, the brightness of the lighting can still be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle. . After the adjustment is completed, that is, when the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle from the standard duty cycle, the corrected PWM signal is generated with the target duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • step S4 is that the comparison result of step S1 is that the target duty cycle is equal to the standard duty cycle. In this case, the duty cycle does not need to be adjusted, and the corrected PWM signal is directly generated according to the standard duty cycle and the duration of the standard signal period.
  • the method provided in this embodiment adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal in two adjustment methods.
  • the first adjustment method can be used to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal while changing the refresh rate with the change of the duty cycle.
  • the second adjustment method can be used to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal while keeping the refresh rate unchanged, preventing the occurrence of lighting due to excessive refresh rate.
  • the two adjustment methods can effectively solve the aforementioned two problems at the same time, and the adjustment method is fast and simple, and the adjustment efficiency is high.
  • step S2 the specific execution process of step S2 is:
  • step S2 As shown in Figure 1, assuming that the standard signal period is 10ms (that is, the length is 10ms), and the standard duty cycle of the valid pulse is 50%, then the duration of the valid pulse in the standard signal period before step S2 is performed is 5ms, and the duration of the invalid pulse is 5ms. The duration is 5ms, and the refresh rate of the PWM signal is 100hz.
  • step S2 is performed: Assuming the target duty cycle is 41.6%, keep the standard The duration of the valid pulses in the signal cycle is 5ms unchanged.
  • the duration of the invalid pulses is increased to 7ms, the duration of the post-signal cycle is increased to 12ms, the proportion of the duration of the valid pulses is reduced to about 41.6%, and the refresh rate of the PWM signal is reduced.
  • the longer the duration of the invalid pulse the lower the duty cycle of the valid pulse, the lower the refresh rate of the PWM signal, and the lower the brightness of the lighting lamp controlled by the PWM signal.
  • the signal refresh rate on the ordinate is proportional to the duty cycle of the effective pulse on the abscissa.
  • the refresh rate increases, which can effectively prevent the camera from flickering due to the low refresh rate.
  • the refresh rate of the signal can be appropriately reduced, reducing the number of lights power consumption.
  • the lowest duty cycle of the duty cycle of the valid pulse may be 1/255 or 1/65535.
  • step S3 the specific execution process of step S3 is:
  • the duration of the valid pulse in the standard signal period before step S3 is performed is 5ms
  • the duration of the invalid pulse is 5ms.
  • the duration is 5ms
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal is 100hz.
  • step S3 When the duty cycle of the effective pulse needs to be increased (that is, the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle), perform step S3: assuming that the target duty cycle is 70%, it will be effective
  • the duration of the pulse is increased to 7ms
  • the duration of the invalid pulse is reduced to 3ms
  • the duration of the signal period remains unchanged to 10ms
  • the proportion of the width of the valid pulse is increased to 70%
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal remains unchanged to 100hz, that is
  • step S3 by adjusting the width of the valid pulse and the invalid pulse at the same time to increase the duty ratio of the valid pulse, although the refresh rate of the PWM signal remains unchanged, because the duration of the valid pulse increases, the lighting controlled by the PWM signal
  • the brightness of the lamp becomes higher, and the refresh rate of the PWM signal is kept unchanged during the process of adjusting the ratio of the effective pulse width (brightness of the lamp), which effectively prevents the lamp from being dimmed smoothly due to the high refresh rate.
  • the foregoing is
  • step S3 The reason why the refresh rate of the PWM signal needs to remain unchanged in step S3 is as follows:
  • step S3 Since the execution condition of step S3 is that the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle, when the duty cycle of the effective pulse reaches the target duty cycle, the brightness of the lighting lamp is higher, such as by other means to make the refresh rate in The duty cycle increases and decreases at the same time. For example, by increasing the duty cycle by only increasing the duration of the effective pulse, the refresh rate will be inversely proportional to the change in the duty cycle. Then, when the brightness of the lamp is high, the refresh rate will be reduced if it is reduced. The problem that causes the camera to flicker occurs;
  • the refresh rate of the PWM signal needs to be kept at a high state in step S3, but it can be seen from (1) that the refresh rate cannot be too high, so the refresh rate can only be maintained in step S3 with the standard time period.
  • the corresponding refresh rate is the same, which can not only prevent the exposure rate of the camera from being too high and the refresh rate being too low to cause the problem of shooting flicker, but also prevent the problem of uneven dimming of the lighting.
  • the process of adjusting the duty cycle is proportional to the refresh rate of the PWM signal, and the duration of the signal period is inversely proportional to the duty cycle of the valid pulse; when the target duty cycle input by the user is greater than the standard duty cycle, adjust the duty cycle In the process of ratio, the refresh rate of the PWM signal and the duration of the signal period are not affected by the duty cycle of the effective pulse, and remain unchanged.
  • the standard duty cycle is related to the power of the lighting lamp and the exposure rate of the camera;
  • the signal period of the corrected PWM signal generated by the above steps is between 1/600s and 1/25000s, that is, the adjustment range of the refresh rate of the PWM signal is between 600hz and 25khz.
  • this embodiment provides a system for dynamically controlling high-power lamps, including a signal detection module, a constant effective pulse width modulation module connected to the signal detection module, and a constant period pulse width modulation module connected to the signal detection module , a transistor connected with the constant effective pulse width modulation module and the constant cycle pulse width modulation module, and a lighting lamp connected with the transistor.
  • the signal detection module is used to perform step S1 in the method provided in Embodiment 1
  • the constant effective pulse width modulation module is used to perform step S2 in the method provided by Embodiment 1
  • the constant period pulse width modulation module is used to perform Step S3 in the method provided by Embodiment 1
  • the specific execution process is:
  • the signal detection module performs step S1: preset the standard signal period of the PWM signal and the standard duty cycle of the valid pulses in the standard signal period; receive the target duty cycle input by the user and compare the target duty cycle with the standard duty cycle:
  • step S2 If the target duty cycle is smaller than the standard duty cycle, call the constant effective pulse width modulation module to execute step S2; if the target duty cycle is greater than the standard duty cycle, call the constant cycle pulse width modulation module to execute step S3; if the target duty cycle is equal to standard duty cycle, then call the constant effective pulse width modulation module or the constant cycle pulse width modulation module to execute step S4; when the target duty cycle input by the user is received again, repeat the aforementioned comparison and perform corresponding steps according to the comparison result;
  • the constant-effective pulse width modulation module executes step S2, and after executing step S2, the generated correction PWM signal is output to the transistor, and the transistor controls the conduction and the driving current of the lighting lamp according to the PWM signal output by the constant-effective pulse width modulation module. Cut off to control the brightness of the lighting.
  • the constant cycle pulse width modulation module executes step S3, and after step S3 is executed, the generated correction PWM signal is output to the transistor, and the transistor controls the driving current of the lighting lamp according to the PWM signal output by the constant cycle pulse width modulation module. Turns on and off to control the brightness of the lighting.
  • the constant effective pulse width modulation module or the constant period pulse width modulation module executes step S4, and outputs the generated corrected PWM signal to the transistor to control the brightness of the lighting lamp.
  • the system for dynamically controlling lighting lamps provided in this embodiment is suitable for brightness adjustment of high-power lighting lamps, and the power range of high-power lighting lamps is between 600w and 5000w.

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Abstract

提供了一种动态调节PWM信号的方法、系统和动态控制大功率灯的系统，方法步骤包括：预设标准信号周期以及有效脉冲的标准占空比；接收并将用户输入的目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较；当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长使占空比达到目标占空比，根据调节后的信号周期时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；当大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，调节有效脉冲时长使占空比达到目标占空比，根据标准信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；当等于标准占空比时，根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号；防止在调节占空比时出现摄像机拍摄闪烁或调光不顺滑的问题。

Description

动态调节PWM信号的方法、系统和动态控制大功率灯的系统 技术领域
本发明涉及照明灯调光领域，更具体地，涉及动态调节PWM信号的方法、系统和动态控制大功率灯的系统。
 背景技术
大功率LED照明灯的调光过程具有大电流的特征，现有技术中均利用PWM信号控制MOS管从而控制LED灯的调光，当PWM信号为高电平时，驱动LED灯的MOS管处于导通状态，LED灯因有电流通过而点亮；当PWM信号为低电平时，驱动LED灯的MOS管处于截止状态，LED灯因没有电流通过而熄灭，因此LED灯处于不断地快速亮灭交替状态，一个高电平信号、一个低电平信号一起为一个信号周期，信号周期的倒数就是LED刷新率。
决定LED灯亮度大小的是PWM信号中高电平在一个信号周期内的占空比，占空比越高，LED灯的亮度越高。
LED灯快速亮灭的状态一般是肉眼无法观察到的，但摄像机在一定的曝光频率下是可以捕捉到LED灯的快速亮灭的，当摄像机捕捉到LED灯的快速亮灭时，摄像机在拍摄时就会出现闪烁的问题。因此，摄像机拍摄闪烁的根源是摄像机的曝光频率，当LED灯的亮度较高时，为了避免摄像机的感光器件出现过曝光的情况，摄像机会自动缩小曝光时间，即提高曝光频率。当摄像机的曝光时间小于控制光源的PWM信号的信号周期时，摄像机有机会采集到LED灯的单独亮灭状态，就会导致摄像机拍摄闪烁问题，因此在LED灯亮度较高时，应再适当地提高LED灯的刷新率。但当LED灯越来越亮时，为了避免摄像机拍摄闪烁，LED刷新率会越来越高，而因为一般的系统硬件性能有限，导致分辨率不足以支撑过高频率的LED刷新，所以此时又会产生LED调光不顺滑的问题。
 技术问题
本发明旨在克服上述现有技术的至少一种缺陷，提供动态调节PWM信号的方法、系统和动态控制大功率灯的系统，用于同时解决LED调光顺滑度不足以及摄像机拍摄闪烁的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种动态调节PWM信号的方法，预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及标准信号周期中有效脉冲的标准占空比；接收用户输入的目标占空比并将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较；当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据调节后的信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据标准信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；当目标占空比等于标准占空比时，根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
本发明提供的方法用于调节PWM信号的占空比，调节后的PWM信号主要用于控制照明灯的亮灭，决定照明灯亮度大小的是PWM信号中有效脉冲在一个信号周期内的占空比，也就是有效脉冲的在一个信号周期内的时长占比，PWM信号有效脉冲的占空比越高，照明灯的亮度越高。
如背景技术所述，PWM信号的刷新率会对照明灯调光顺滑度产生影响，同时也会使在该照明灯下工作的摄像机出现拍摄闪烁的问题，为了同时解决这两个问题，本发明提供的方法将PWM信号占空比的调节分为两种调节方式。
在调节占空比前，先预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及该标准信号周期内有效脉冲的标准占空比，该标准占空比作为每一次占空比调节的起始调节状态，在设定好标准信号周期以及标准占空比后，接收用户所输入的目标占空比，目标占空比指用户所期望在某一信号周期内有效脉冲的占空比，将目标占空比与标准占空比进行大小比较，根据大小比较的结果使用两种不同的调节方式进行调节。
第一种调节方式是目标占空比小于标准占空比时，在保持有效脉冲的时长不变的情况下，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，由于信号周期改变，因此PWM信号的刷新率（即信号周期的倒数）也会随之改变，此时由于有效脉冲的时长不变，因此PWM信号的刷新率与有效脉冲的占空比呈正比，有效脉冲的占空比越高，PWM信号的刷新率越高；这一阶段主要应用于在调节有效脉冲占空比的过程中，由于需要防止摄像机的曝光率过高导致在拍摄过程中出现闪烁的问题，因此PWM信号的刷新率需要随有效脉冲的占空比（即照明灯的亮度）的提高而提高。在调节完成后，即当有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比后，由于信号周期的时长在调节过程中产生了变化，因此以目标占空比以及调节后的信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
第二种调节方式是当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，从而使刷新率保持不变，第二种调节方式中通过保持信号周期不变从而保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，在保持PWM信号刷新率不变的过程中，有效脉冲的时长是可变的，从而使有效脉冲的占空比发生变化。这一调节方式主要应用于在调节有效脉冲占空比的过程中，由于需要防止刷新率过高而导致照明灯出现调光不顺滑的问题，因此需要保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，在保持PWM信号的刷新率不变的情况下对占空比进行调节。在调节完成后，即当有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比后，以目标占空比以及标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
当目标占空比等于标准占空比时，占空比不需要调节，则直接根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
本发明采用的方法将PWM信号的占空比调节用两种调节方式进行调节，第一种调节方式可用于在调节PWM信号的占空比的同时使刷新率随占空比改变而改变，防止摄像机在PWM信号控制的光源下拍摄时出现闪烁的问题，第二种调节方式可用于在调节PWM信号的占空比的同时保持刷新率不变，防止由于刷新率过高而出现的照明灯调光不顺滑的问题，两种调节方式能够有效地同时解决前述的两个问题，且调节方法快速简易，调节效率高。
进一步，当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，使标准信号周期的时长增加，从而降低有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，调节标准占空比使其达到目标占空比，这一调节过程需要降低标准信号周期中有效脉冲的占空比，因此在保持有效脉冲的时长不变的情况下，通过调节信号周期内无效脉冲的时长调节有效脉冲的占空比，无效脉冲的时长越长，则有效脉冲的占空比越低，信号周期的时长越长，信号的刷新率随之变低；有效脉冲的占空比变低会导致照明灯的亮度变低，由于亮度变低后不需要考虑摄像机拍摄闪烁的问题，因此信号的刷新率也可随之变低。
进一步，当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，以及减少标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，从而提高有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，调节标准占空比使其达到目标占空比，这一调节过程需要提高标准信号周期中有效脉冲的占空比，由于标准信号周期对应的信号刷新率已属于较高的状态，因此在提高标准占空比的同时不能继续提高刷新率，否则会产生照明灯调光不顺滑的问题，而保持刷新率的不变，需要保持标准信号周期的时长不变；如果在调节一个信号周期内有效脉冲的占空比的过程中需要保持信号周期的时长不变，就需要通过调节有效脉冲和无效脉冲的时长以调节有效脉冲的占空比，有效脉冲的相对时长越大，有效脉冲的占空比越高，照明灯的亮度越高，但刷新率保持不变。因此第二阶段中保证了照明灯的亮度不断增加的过程中，PWM信号的刷新率保持在一定值，避免了照明灯出现调光不顺滑的情况，同时能够通过调整有效脉冲的占空比调节照明灯的亮度。
进一步，所述标准占空比由照明灯的功率和摄像机拍摄的曝光频率确定；照明灯的照明过程由所生成的校正PWM信号进行控制，摄像机在照明灯产生的灯光下进行拍摄。
判断调节占空比采用第一种调节方式或第二种调节方式，需要将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较，其中，标准占空比根据照明灯的功率以及摄像机的曝光率决定，大功率照明灯在亮度超过一定亮度阈值时，有效脉冲的占空比改变一个百分点都会对照明灯的亮度产生很大的影响，同时，如背景技术所述，照明灯的亮度较高时，在该照明灯的灯光下进行拍摄的摄像机会提高其曝光率，如控制照明灯的PWM信号的刷新率过低，就会导致出现拍摄闪烁的问题，但刷新率不能过高否则出现调光不顺滑的问题，由此可见，照明灯的功率以及摄像机的曝光率为影响调节过程的主要因素，因此根据照明灯的功率以及摄像机的曝光率确定一个预设的数值，并以该预设的占比数值作为标准占空比。
在用户所输入的目标占空比未超过标准占空比时，标准信号周期中有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比降低至目标占空比的同时，照明灯的亮度降低，摄像机不容易因曝光率出现拍摄闪烁的问题，因此PWM信号的刷新率可随有效脉冲占空比的降低而降低；在用户所输入的目标占空比超过标准占空比时，由于标准信号周期对应的刷新率已达到一定的高度，如继续增加刷新率会导致照明灯调光不顺滑的问题，因此在保持PWM信号的刷新率不变的情况下增加有效脉冲的占空比，使照明灯的亮度增加。
进一步，所生成的校正PWM信号的信号周期范围在1/600s~1/25000s之间，即所生成的校正PWM信号的刷新率在600hz~25khz之间。
本发明采用的技术方案还为：
一种动态调节PWM信号的系统，包括：信号检测模块，用于预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及标准信号周期中有效脉冲的标准占空比，接收用户输入的目标占空比并将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较，并生成比较结果；恒有效脉宽调制模块，用于在信号检测模块所生成的比较结果为有效脉冲的目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据调节后的信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；恒周期脉宽调制模块，用于在信号检测模块所生成的大小比较的结果为有效脉冲的目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据标准信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；恒有效脉宽调制模块，或恒周期脉宽调制模块还用于在比较结果为有效脉冲的目标占空比等于标准占空比时，以标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
如背景技术所述，PWM信号的刷新率会对照明灯调光顺滑度产生影响，同时也会使在该照明灯下工作的摄像机出现拍摄闪烁的问题，为了同时解决这两个问题，本发明提供的系统将PWM信号占空比的调节分为两种调节方式，分别由不同的模块执行。
在调节占空比前，信号检测模块内已预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及该标准信号周期内有效脉冲的标准占空比，该标准占空比作为每一次占空比调节的起始调节状态，在设定好标准信号周期以及标准占空比后，信号检测模块接收用户所输入的目标占空比，目标占空比指用户所期望在某一信号周期内有效脉冲的占空比，接收后将目标占空比与标准占空比进行大小比较，根据大小比较的结果调用两个模块分别以不同的调节方式对有效脉冲的占空比进行调节。
当信号检测模块中的比较结果为目标占空比小于标准占空比时，恒有效脉宽调制模块被调用于调节有效脉冲的占空比，其调节的方式为：在保持有效脉冲的时长不变的情况下，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，由于信号周期改变，因此PWM信号的刷新率（即信号周期的倒数）也会随之改变，此时由于有效脉冲的时长不变，因此PWM信号的刷新率与有效脉冲的占空比呈正比，有效脉冲的占空比越高，PWM信号的刷新率越高；这一阶段主要应用于在调节有效脉冲占空比的过程中，由于需要防止摄像机的曝光率过高导致在拍摄过程中出现闪烁的问题，因此PWM信号的刷新率需要随有效脉冲的占空比（照明灯的亮度）的提高而提高。在调节完成后，即当有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比后，由于信号周期的时长在调节过程中产生了变化，因此恒有效脉宽调制模块以目标占空比以及调节后的信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
当信号检测模块中的比较结果为目标占空比大于标准占空比时，恒周期脉宽调制模块被调用于调节有效脉冲的占空比，其调节的方式为：保持标准信号周期的时长不变，从而使刷新率保持不变，第二种调节方式中通过保持信号周期不变从而保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，在保持PWM信号刷新率不变的过程中，有效脉冲的时长是可变的，从而使有效脉冲的占空比发生变化。这一调节方式主要应用于在调节有效脉冲占空比的过程中，由于需要防止刷新率过高而导致照明灯出现调光不顺滑的问题，因此需要保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，在保持PWM信号的刷新率不变的情况下对占空比进行调节。在调节完成后，即当有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比后，恒周期脉宽调制模块以目标占空比以及标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
当信号检测模块中的比较结果为目标占空比等于标准占空比时，恒周期脉宽调制模块或恒有效脉宽调制模块直接根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
进一步，恒有效脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：恒有效脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，使标准信号周期的时长增加，从而降低有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，恒有效脉宽调制模块被调用于调节有效脉冲的占空比使其达到目标占空比，这一调节过程需要降低有效脉冲的占空比，因此在保持有效脉冲的时长不变的情况下，通过调节信号周期内无效脉冲的时长调节有效脉冲的占空比，无效脉冲的时长越长，则有效脉冲的占空比越低，信号周期的时长越长，信号的刷新率随之变低；有效脉冲的占空比变低会导致照明灯的亮度变低，由于亮度变低后不需要考虑摄像机拍摄闪烁的问题，因此信号的刷新率也可随之变低。
进一步，恒周期脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：恒周期脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，以及减少标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，从而提高有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，恒周期脉宽调制模块被调用于调节有效脉冲的占空比使其达到目标占空比，这一调节过程需要提高有效脉冲的占空比，由于标准信号周期对应的信号刷新率已属于较高的状态，因此在提高有效脉冲的占空比的同时不能继续提高刷新率，否则会产生照明灯调光不顺滑的问题，而保持刷新率的不变，需要保持标准信号周期的时长不变；如果在调节一个信号周期内有效脉冲的占空比的过程中需要保持信号周期的时长不变，就需要通过调节有效脉冲和无效脉冲的时长以调节有效脉冲的占空比，有效脉冲的相对时长越大，有效脉冲的占空比越高，照明灯的亮度越高，但刷新率保持不变。因此第二阶段中保证了照明灯的亮度不断增加的过程中，PWM信号的刷新率保持在一定值，避免了照明灯出现调光不顺滑的情况，同时能够通过调整有效脉冲的占空比调节照明灯的亮度。
本发明采用的技术方案还为：
一种动态控制大功率灯的系统，包括晶体管和与晶体管电连接的照明灯，还包括上述的动态调节PWM信号的系统，恒有效脉宽调制模块和恒周期脉宽调制模块均与晶体管电连接，且将所生成的校正PWM信号输出至晶体管；晶体管用于根据恒有效脉宽调制模块或恒周期脉宽调制模块所输出的PWM信号控制驱动电流的导通和截止，从而控制所述照明灯的亮度。
进一步，所述照明灯的功率范围在600w~5000w之间。本发明提供的控制大功率照明灯的系统主要应用于600w~5000w的大功率照明灯，由于大功率照明灯的调光过程具有大电流的特征，因此才会采用PWM信号控制驱动照明灯的晶体管，因此本发明所提供的系统主要应用于大功率照明灯的亮灭控制，其中具体是通过刷新率、有效脉冲的时长占比对大功率照明灯的亮度进行控制。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
本发明采用的方法/系统将PWM信号的占空比分为两种调节方式或分别由两个模块以不同的调节方式进行处理，第一种调节方式/其中一个模块（恒有效脉宽调制模块）主要用于在调节信号的有效脉冲的占空比的同时，防止摄像机在拍摄时出现闪烁的问题，第二种调节方式/另一模块（恒周期脉宽调制模块）主要用于在调节信号的有效脉冲的占空比的同时，防止由于刷新率过高而出现的照明灯调光不顺滑的问题，两个阶段的调节能够有效地防止前述的两个问题的出现，且调节方法快速简易，调节效率高。
 附图说明
图1为实施例1中步骤S2的调节过程中有效脉冲的占空比的变化示意图。
图2为实施例1中步骤S2的调节过程中有效脉冲的占空比与刷新率的关系示意图。
图3为实施例1中步骤S3的调节过程中有效脉冲的占空比的变化示意图。
图4为实施例1中步骤S3的调节过程中有效脉冲的占空比与刷新率的关系示意图。
图5为实施例1中有效脉冲的占空比与刷新率的整体关系示意图。
图6为实施例2中的系统的结构示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本发明的限制。为了更好说明以下实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。
实施例 1
本实施例提供一种动态调节PWM信号的方法，步骤包括：
S1：预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及标准信号周期中有效脉冲的标准占空比；
接收用户输入的目标占空比并将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较：
如目标占空比小于标准占空比则执行步骤S2；如目标占空比大于标准占空比则执行步骤S3；如目标占空比等于标准占空比，则执行步骤S4；
当再次接收到用户输入的目标占空比时，重复前述的比较并根据比较结果执行相应的步骤；
S2：保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据调节后的信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；
S3：保持标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据标准信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；
S4：根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
实施例1所提供的动态调节PWM信号的方法可具体应用于任何适用本方法的模块、设备或装置，本实施例所提供的方法用于调节PWM信号，调节后的PWM信号主要用于控制照明灯的亮灭，照明灯可为LED照明灯或任何适用于利用PWM信号进行调节的照明灯。
决定照明灯亮度大小的是PWM信号中有效脉冲在一个信号周期内的占空比，也就是有效脉冲的在一个信号周期内的时长占比，PWM信号有效脉冲的时长占比越高，照明灯的亮度越高。
在PWM信号的驱动下，照明灯处于快速亮灭的状态，该快速亮灭的状态是肉眼无法观察到的，但如有摄像机在该照明灯的灯光下进行拍摄，摄像机在一定的曝光频率下是可以捕捉到照明灯的快速亮灭的，当摄像机捕捉到照明灯的快速亮灭时，摄像机在拍摄时就会出现闪烁的问题。当照明灯的亮度较高时，为了避免摄像机的感光器件出现过曝光的情况，摄像机需要缩小曝光时间，即提高曝光频率。当摄像机的曝光时间小于控制光源的PWM信号的信号周期时，摄像机有机会采集到照明灯的单独亮灭状态，就会导致摄像机拍摄闪烁问题，因此在照明灯亮度较高时，应再适当地提高照明灯的刷新率。但当照明刷新率过高时，虽然解决了摄像机拍摄闪烁的问题，但会产生照明灯调光不顺滑的问题。本实施例所提供的方法在调节PWM信号的同时解决前述的由刷新率引起的问题。
本实施例所提供的方法将PWM信号的调节过程分为两种调节方式，由步骤S2和步骤S3分别进行处理。在调节占空比前，在步骤S1先预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及该标准信号周期内有效脉冲的标准占空比，标准信号周期的时长可介于1/16000s~1/25000s之间，可优选定为1/20000s。该标准占空比作为每一次占空比调节的起始调节状态，在设定好标准信号周期以及标准占空比后，接收用户/外部所输入的目标占空比，目标占空比指用户所期望在某一信号周期内有效脉冲的占空比，将目标占空比与标准占空比进行大小比较，根据大小比较的结果选择调用两种不同的调节方式进行调节。
步骤S2为第一种调节方式，执行条件是当步骤S1的比较结果为目标占空比小于标准占空比，在步骤S2中，在保持有效脉冲的时长不变的情况下相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，由于信号周期改变，因此PWM信号的刷新率（即信号周期的倒数）也会随之改变，此时由于有效脉冲的时长不变，因此PWM信号的刷新率会随有效脉冲的占空比改变，有效脉冲的占空比越高，PWM信号的刷新率越高。
这一阶段主要应用于当照明灯的亮度较低（即有效脉冲的占空比和PWM信号的刷新率较低）的情况，在不断提高照明灯亮度的过程中，由于需要防止摄像机在拍摄过程中出现闪烁的问题，因此PWM信号的刷新率也会随照明灯的亮度提高而提高。在调节完成后，即当标准占空比达到目标占空比后，由于信号周期的时长在调节过程中产生了变化，因此以目标占空比以及调节后的信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
步骤S3为第二种调节方式，执行条件是步骤S1的比较结果为目标占空比大于标准占空比，在步骤S3中，通过保持标准信号周期的时长不变从而使刷新率保持不变，第二种调节方式中通过保持信号周期不变从而保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，在保持PWM信号刷新率不变的过程中，有效脉冲的时长是可变的，从而使有效脉冲的占空比发生变化。这一调节方式主要应用于当照明灯的亮度较高（即有效脉冲的占空比为标准占空比）的情况，在PWM信号的刷新率达到一定高度（标准信号周期的倒数）时，由于需要防止照明灯出现调光不顺滑的问题，因此需要保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，在保持PWM信号的刷新率不变的情况下，照明灯的亮度依然能够通过调节占空比进行调节。在调节完成后，即当有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比后，以目标占空比以及标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
步骤S4的执行条件是步骤S1的比较结果为目标占空比等于标准占空比，此时不需要对占空比进行调节，直接根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
本实施例提供的方法将PWM信号的占空比调节用两种调节方式进行调节，第一种调节方式可用于在调节PWM信号的占空比的同时使刷新率随占空比改变而改变，防止摄像机在PWM信号控制的光源下拍摄时出现闪烁的问题，第二种调节方式可用于在调节PWM信号的占空比的同时保持刷新率不变，防止由于刷新率过高而出现的照明灯调光不顺滑的问题，两种调节方式能够有效地同时解决前述的两个问题，且调节方法快速简易，调节效率高。
作为优选方案，步骤S2的具体执行过程为：
保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，使标准信号周期的时长增加，从而降低有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
如图1所示，假设标准信号周期为10ms（即时长为10ms），有效脉冲的标准占空比为50%，则在执行步骤S2前标准信号周期内有效脉冲的时长为5ms，无效脉冲的时长为5ms，PWM信号的刷新率为100hz，当需要降低有效脉冲的占空比（即目标占空比小于标准占空比）时，执行步骤S2：假设目标占空比为41.6%，保持标准信号周期内有效脉冲的时长为5ms不变，将无效脉冲的时长增大为7ms，则信后周期的时长增至12ms，有效脉冲的时长占比降低至约41.6%，PWM信号的刷新率降低至约83hz，即在步骤S2中，无效脉冲的时长越大，有效脉冲的占空比越低，PWM信号的刷新率越低，PWM信号所控制的照明灯的亮度越低。前述仅作为举例说明调节的过程，其中的数值并不对本实施例提供的调节方法有所限制。
如图2所示，当目标占空比小于标准占空比（数值对应图2中横坐标的a点）时，纵坐标的信号刷新率与横坐标的有效脉冲的占空比呈正比，在亮度/占空比提高时刷新率也随之提高，有效防止因刷新率过低导致摄像机出现拍摄闪烁的情况，在亮度/占空比降低的情况下可适当降低信号的刷新率，减少照明灯的功耗。具体地，有效脉冲的占空比的最低占空比可为1/255或者1/65535。
作为优选方案，步骤S3的具体执行过程为：
保持标准信号周期的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，以及减少标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，从而提高有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
如图3所示，假设标准信号周期为10ms（即时长为10ms），有效脉冲的标准占空比为50%，则在执行步骤S3前标准信号周期内有效脉冲的时长为5ms，无效脉冲的时长为5ms，PWM信号的刷新率为100hz，当需要提高有效脉冲的占空比（即目标占空比大于标准占空比）时，执行步骤S3：假设目标占空比为70%，将有效脉冲的时长增大为7ms，将无效脉冲的时长减小为3ms，信号周期内的时长不变为10ms，有效脉冲的宽度占比增至70%，PWM信号的刷新率不变为100hz，即在步骤S3中，通过同时调节有效脉冲和无效脉冲的宽度以使有效脉冲的占空比提高，PWM信号的刷新率虽不变，但由于有效脉冲的时长增大，因此PWM信号所控制的照明灯的亮度变高，在调节有效脉冲宽度占比（照明灯的亮度）的过程中保持PWM信号的刷新率不变，有效防止因刷新率过高出现照明灯调光不顺滑的情况。前述仅作为举例说明调节的过程，其中的数值并不对本实施例提供的调节方法有所限制。
如图4所示，当目标占空比大于标准占空比（数值对应图4中横坐标的a点）时，纵坐标的刷新率不随横坐标的有效脉冲的占空比的改变而改变，在亮度/占空比提高时刷新率保持不变，有效防止因刷新率过高导致照明灯调光不顺滑的情况。
PWM信号刷新率在步骤S3中需要保持不变的原因如下：
（1）PWM信号的刷新率保持不变能够防止刷新率随占空比的增加而增加时出现照明灯调光不顺滑的问题；
（2）由于步骤S3的执行条件是目标占空比大于标准占空比，因此当有效脉冲的占空比达到目标占空比时，照明灯的亮度较高，如通过其他手段使刷新率在占空比增加的同时降低，例如通过只增加有效脉冲的时长增加占空比，会使刷新率与占空比的变化呈反比，那么在照明灯亮度较高的情况下，刷新率如降低会引致摄像机拍摄闪烁的问题出现；
由（2）可知，PWM信号的刷新率在步骤S3中需要保持在较高的状态，但由（1）可知刷新率也不能过高，因此刷新率在步骤S3中只能够保持与标准时间周期对应的刷新率一致，既能防止摄像机的曝光率偏高而刷新率偏低导致出现拍摄闪烁的问题，也能防止出现照明灯调光不顺滑的问题。
综上，如图5所示，以标准占空比（数值对应图5中横坐标的a点）为阈值，当用户输入的目标占空比小于标准占空比时，调节占空比的过程中，有效脉冲的占空比与PWM信号的刷新率呈正比，且信号周期的时长与有效脉冲的占空比成反比；当用户输入的目标占空比大于标准占空比时，调节占空比的过程中，PWM信号的刷新率与信号周期的时长不受有效脉冲的占空比影响，一直保持不变。
具体地，标准占空比与照明灯的功率以及所述摄像机的曝光率有关；
具体地，对于大功率照明灯，上述步骤所生成的校正PWM信号的信号周期在1/600s~1/25000s之间，即PWM信号的刷新率的调节范围在600hz~25khz之间。
 本发明的实施方式
如图6所示，本实施例提供一种动态控制大功率灯的系统，包括信号检测模块、与信号检测模块连接的恒有效脉宽调制模块、与信号检测模块连接的恒周期脉宽调制模块、与恒有效脉宽调制模块以及恒周期脉宽调制模块连接的晶体管，以及与晶体管连接的照明灯。
其中，信号检测模块用于执行实施例1所提供的方法中的步骤S1，恒有效脉宽调制模块用于执行实施例1所提供的方法中的步骤S2，恒周期脉宽调制模块用于执行实施例1所提供的方法中的步骤S3，具体执行过程为：
信号检测模块执行步骤S1：预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及标准信号周期中有效脉冲的标准占空比；接收用户输入的目标占空比并将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较：
如目标占空比小于标准占空比则调用恒有效脉宽调制模块执行步骤S2；如目标占空比大于标准占空比则调用恒周期脉宽调制模块执行步骤S3；如目标占空比等于标准占空比，则调用恒有效脉宽调制模块或恒周期脉宽调制模块执行步骤S4；当再次接收到用户输入的目标占空比时，重复前述的比较并根据比较结果执行相应的步骤；
恒有效脉宽调制模块执行步骤S2，在执行步骤S2后，将所生成的校正PWM信号输出至晶体管，晶体管根据恒有效脉宽调制模块所输出的PWM信号控制照明灯的驱动电流的导通和截止，从而控制照明灯的亮度。
同理，恒周期脉宽调制模块执行步骤S3，在执行步骤S3后，将所生成的校正PWM信号输出至晶体管，晶体管根据恒周期脉宽调制模块所输出的PWM信号控制照明灯的驱动电流的导通和截止，从而控制照明灯的亮度。
同理，恒有效脉宽调制模块或恒周期脉宽调制模块执行步骤S4，将所生成的校正PWM信号输出至晶体管从而控制照明灯的亮度。
具体地，本实施例提供的动态控制照明灯的系统适用于大功率照明灯的亮度调节，大功率照明灯的功率范围在600w~5000w之间。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明技术方案所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的具体实施方式的限定。凡在本发明权利要求书的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种动态调节PWM信号的方法，其特征在于，
    预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及标准信号周期中有效脉冲的标准占空比；
    接收用户输入的目标占空比并将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较；
    当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据调节后的信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；
    当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据标准信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；
    当目标占空比等于标准占空比时，根据标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的动态调节PWM信号的方法，其特征在于，当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：
    当目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，使标准信号周期的时长增加，从而降低有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的动态调节PWM信号的方法，其特征在于，当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：
    当目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持标准信号周期的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，以及减少标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，从而提高有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
  4. 根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的动态调节PWM信号的方法，其特征在于，所述标准占空比由照明灯的功率和摄像机拍摄的曝光频率确定；
    照明灯的照明过程由所生成的校正PWM信号进行控制，摄像机在照明灯产生的灯光下进行拍摄。
  5. 根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的动态调节PWM信号的方法，其特征在于，所生成的校正PWM信号的信号周期范围在1/600s~1/25000s之间。
  6. 一种动态调节PWM信号的系统，其特征在于，包括：
    信号检测模块，用于预设PWM信号的标准信号周期以及标准信号周期中有效脉冲的标准占空比，接收用户输入的目标占空比并将目标占空比与标准占空比进行比较，并生成比较结果；
    恒有效脉宽调制模块，用于在信号检测模块所生成的比较结果为有效脉冲的目标占空比小于标准占空比时，保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据调节后的信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；
    恒周期脉宽调制模块，用于在信号检测模块所生成的大小比较的结果为有效脉冲的目标占空比大于标准占空比时，保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，根据标准信号周期的时长以及目标占空比生成校正PWM信号；
    恒有效脉宽调制模块，或恒周期脉宽调制模块还用于在比较结果为有效脉冲的目标占空比等于标准占空比时，以标准占空比与标准信号周期的时长生成校正PWM信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的动态调节PWM信号的系统，其特征在于，恒有效脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，相对于标准信号周期调节信号周期时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：
    恒有效脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，使标准信号周期的时长增加，从而降低有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的动态调节PWM信号的系统，其特征在于，恒周期脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期的时长不变，调节标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比，具体为：
    恒周期脉宽调制模块用于保持信号检测模块预设的标准信号周期的时长不变，增加标准信号周期中有效脉冲的时长，以及减少标准信号周期中无效脉冲的时长，从而提高有效脉冲的占空比，使有效脉冲的占空比从标准占空比达到目标占空比。
  9. 一种动态控制大功率灯的系统，包括晶体管和与晶体管电连接的照明灯，其特征在于，还包括权利要求6~8任一项所述的动态调节PWM信号的系统，
    恒有效脉宽调制模块和恒周期脉宽调制模块均与晶体管电连接，且将所生成的校正PWM信号输出至晶体管；
    晶体管用于根据恒有效脉宽调制模块或恒周期脉宽调制模块所输出的PWM信号控制驱动电流的导通和截止，从而控制所述照明灯的亮度。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的动态控制大功率灯的系统，其特征在于，所述照明灯的功率范围在600w~5000w之间。
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