WO2022052111A1 - Dispositif d'affichage tête haute, procédé d'affichage tête haute et véhicule - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage tête haute, procédé d'affichage tête haute et véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022052111A1
WO2022052111A1 PCT/CN2020/115103 CN2020115103W WO2022052111A1 WO 2022052111 A1 WO2022052111 A1 WO 2022052111A1 CN 2020115103 W CN2020115103 W CN 2020115103W WO 2022052111 A1 WO2022052111 A1 WO 2022052111A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hoe
film
lens
state
different
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PCT/CN2020/115103
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周鹏程
张宇腾
于海
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CN202080004894.5A priority Critical patent/CN112673300A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/115103 priority patent/WO2022052111A1/fr
Publication of WO2022052111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052111A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of smart vehicles, and in particular, to a head-up display device, a head-up display method, and a vehicle.
  • Head-up display (HUD) technology also known as head-up display technology
  • HUD Head-up display
  • the image projection device in the HUD device projects important information during the driving of the car onto the windshield. After the reflection of the windshield, a virtual image is formed directly in front of the driver's line of sight, so that the driver does not need to bow his head. see this information.
  • the HUD avoids the driving risk that the driver cannot take into account the road conditions when looking down, and is a safer vehicle display method.
  • the traditional HUD mainly displays vehicle instrument information such as vehicle speed and fuel volume.
  • the imaging distance is about 2 to 3 meters.
  • Augmented reality (AR) HUD (AR-HUD) that has emerged in recent years superimposes digital images on the real environment outside the car, enabling drivers to obtain augmented reality visual effects, which can be used for AR navigation, adaptive cruise, lane departure Warning, etc.
  • the imaging distance of AR-HUD is generally about 7 to 15 meters.
  • the current mainstream solution is dual-screen display.
  • the specific implementation method is to use two sets of image generation units (PGUs) in the image projection device to generate AR images and instrument information respectively, and then convert the virtual image of the AR image and instrument information.
  • the virtual image is projected to two focal planes outside the windshield to realize traditional HUD and AR-HUD display, as shown in Figure 1.
  • two sets of PGUs are used to realize dual-screen display, which increases the volume and cost of the image projection device in the HUD device.
  • the present application provides a head-up display device, a head-up display method and a vehicle, which can be used to reduce the volume and cost of an image projection device in a HUD device.
  • a head-up display device comprising: a zoomable holographic optical element HOE lens and an image projection device; the HOE lens is attached to a light-transmitting plane, the working sequence of the HOE lens includes N time periods, the The HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively in the N time periods, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the image projection device includes an image generation module PGU and an optical lens group, the PGU is used to generate a pair of There should be N projection images of N time periods, the optical lens group is used to project the N projection images to the HOE lens, and through the reflection of the HOE lens, the virtual images of the N projection images are focused outside the light transmission plane at different depths.
  • the PGU generates N projection images corresponding to N time periods, in other words, the PGU generates one image at a time, by alternately generating N projection images corresponding to N time periods.
  • the head-up display device of the embodiment of the present application includes a HOE lens and an image projection device.
  • the working sequence of the HOE lens includes N time periods, and the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods, and the image projection device includes a PGU, which is used to generate N projection images corresponding to the N time periods .
  • the N projection images are projected to the HOE lens in N time periods respectively, they are subject to different degrees of focusing and deflection, so that the virtual images corresponding to the N projection images can be presented at different depths outside the light transmission plane, realizing the N screen ( N ⁇ 2) display. That is to say, the present application can realize dual-screen or even multi-screen display based on one PGU and HOE lens, which effectively reduces the volume and cost of the image projection device in the HUD device.
  • the HOE lens includes M layers of HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffractive state, By separately controlling the film state of each HOE film, the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods.
  • a voltage can be applied to each HOE film, and the film state of each HOE film can be switched by controlling the on and off of the voltage.
  • the HOE film if the film state of the HOE film is a transparent state, the HOE film does not have a focusing function and does not have a deflection angle; if the film state of the HOE film is a diffraction state , the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle.
  • the HOE film has no focusing function and no deflection angle, which means that in the transparent state, the focal length and deflection angle of the HOE film are both 0. If the film state of the HOE film is a diffractive state, the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle, which means that in the diffractive state, the focal length and deflection angle of the HOE film are not zero.
  • each of the M-layers of HOE films has different focal lengths and different deflection angles when in a diffractive state.
  • each layer in the M-layer HOE film when each layer in the M-layer HOE film is in a diffractive state, each layer has different focusing ability and deflection degree for incident light.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE film in the diffractive state is 2° to 15°
  • the deflection angle of the HOE lens is all of the M-layer HOE film in the diffractive state. The sum of the deflection angles of the HOE films.
  • the HOE film is prepared from polymer dispersed liquid crystal PDLC.
  • the polymer dispersed liquid crystal PDLC can exhibit different states under the control of voltage. That is, a voltage is applied to the HOE film, and the film state of the HOE film can be switched by controlling the on and off of the voltage.
  • the HOE thin film is prepared by any one of an exposure method, an electron beam lithography method, or a nanoimprint method.
  • the HOE lens is prepared as follows: a parallel laser beam and a focused laser beam with a deflection angle are used to interfere with each other on a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) holographic dry plate The HOE film is obtained; the HOE lens is obtained by stacking M layers of the HOE film, wherein each of the M layers is prepared by using focused lasers with different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively.
  • PDLC polymer dispersed liquid crystal
  • the apparatus further includes: a controller, configured to control the PGU to generate N projection images corresponding to the N time periods; and/or, to control The film state of each HOE film makes the HOE lens correspond to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively in the N time periods.
  • a unit time includes K working cycles, each working cycle includes N time periods, and K is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the switching frequency of the N periods can be controlled by the voltage frequency. That is, it can be controlled by controlling the frequency at which the voltage is turned on and off.
  • the N projection images include: a first projection image and a second projection image, the first projection image is used to display instrument information, and the second projection image is used for displaying instrument information. for displaying augmented reality image information.
  • the optical mirror group includes: a flat mirror and a curved mirror, the flat mirror and the curved mirror are located between the HOE lens and the PGU, the N projected images are reflected to the HOE lens via the flat mirror and the curved mirror.
  • a head-up display method is provided, the head-up display method is implemented in a head-up display device, and the head-up display device includes: a variable-focus holographic optical element HOE lens and an image projection device; the HOE lens is attached to a light-transmitting device.
  • the working sequence of the HOE lens includes N time periods, and the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the image projection device includes a an image generation module PGU and an optical lens group, the PGU is used to generate N projection images corresponding to the N time periods;
  • the head-up display method includes: projecting the N projection images to the HOE lens through the optical lens group, and passing the N projection images to the HOE lens through the optical lens group The reflection of the HOE lens causes the virtual images of the N projected images to be focused at different depths outside the light transmission plane.
  • the HOE lens includes M layers of HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffractive state, By separately controlling the film state of each HOE film, the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods.
  • the HOE film if the film state of the HOE film is a transparent state, the HOE film does not have a focusing function and does not have a deflection angle; if the film state of the HOE film is a diffraction state , the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle.
  • each of the M layers of HOE films has different focal lengths and different deflection angles when in a diffractive state.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE film in the diffractive state is 2° to 15°
  • the deflection angle of the HOE lens is the deflection angle of the M-layer HOE film in the diffractive state. Sum of deflection angles of all HOE films.
  • the HOE thin film is prepared by any one of an exposure method, an electron beam lithography method, or a nanoimprint method.
  • the HOE lens is prepared as follows: using a parallel laser beam and a focused laser beam with a deflection angle to interfere with each other on a polymer dispersed liquid crystal PDLC holographic dry plate The HOE film is obtained; the HOE lens is obtained by stacking M layers of the HOE film, wherein each of the M layers is prepared by using focused lasers with different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively.
  • a unit time includes K working cycles, each working cycle includes the N time periods, and K is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the N projection images include: a first projection image and a second projection image, the first projection image is used to display instrument information, and the second projection image is used for displaying instrument information. for displaying augmented reality image information.
  • the optical mirror group includes: a flat mirror and a curved mirror, the flat mirror and the curved mirror are located between the HOE lens and the PGU, the N projected images are reflected to the HOE lens via the flat mirror and the curved mirror.
  • a method for preparing a holographic optical element HOE lens includes N time periods, and the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods, wherein N is A positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the HOE lens includes M layers of variable-focus HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the preparation method of the HOE lens is as follows: a beam of parallel laser and a beam of focused laser with a deflection angle are used in the polymer The HOE film is obtained by interfering with each other on the dispersed liquid crystal PDLC holographic dry plate; the HOE lens is obtained by stacking M layers of the HOE film, wherein each layer of the M layers is prepared by focusing lasers with different focal lengths and different deflection angles.
  • the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film state includes a transparent state and a diffractive state.
  • the lenses correspond to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively in the N time periods.
  • the HOE film if the film state of the HOE film is a transparent state, the HOE film does not have a focusing function and does not have a deflection angle; if the film state of the HOE film is a diffraction state , the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE film in the diffractive state is 2° to 15°
  • the deflection angle of the HOE lens is that the M-layer HOE film is in the diffractive state. The sum of the deflection angles of all HOE films.
  • a vehicle including the device in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • an in-vehicle system including the device in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a sixth aspect provides a method for controlling a HOE lens, the HOE lens comprising M layers of HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffraction state, the method The method includes: controlling the film state of each HOE film respectively, so that the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively in the N time periods.
  • a seventh aspect provides a controller, the controller includes an input/output interface, a processor and a memory, the processor is used to control the input/output interface to send and receive signals or information, the memory is used to store a computer program, the processor is used to control the The computer program is invoked and executed in the memory to cause the controller to perform the methods of the above-described aspects.
  • An eighth aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in the second aspect or any implementation of the second aspect, and/or execute the above
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores program codes for device execution, the program codes including the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a tenth aspect provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a data interface, the processor reads an instruction stored in a memory through the data interface, and executes the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect and/or perform the method in the above third aspect or any implementation manner of the third aspect, and/or perform the method in the above sixth aspect or any implementation manner of the sixth aspect.
  • the chip may further include a memory, in which instructions are stored, the processor is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, and when the instructions are executed, the The processor is configured to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, and/or execute the method in the above-mentioned third aspect or any implementation manner of the third aspect, and/or execute the above-mentioned sixth aspect Aspects or instructions of the method in any implementation of the sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is an example diagram of a head-up display scene provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a plane example diagram of a head-up display scene provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is an example diagram of an existing head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an example diagram of an application scenario of a head-up display provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an example diagram of a head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram of a state switching of a PDLC material provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural example diagram of a dual-screen head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural example diagram of another dual-screen head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural example diagram of a four-screen head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is an example diagram of a preparation method of a HOE lens provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is an example diagram of preparing a variable focus HOE film by an exposure method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is an example diagram of a head-up display method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Head-up display (HUD) technology also known as head-up display technology
  • HUD head-up display technology
  • vehicle-mounted HUD is used as an example for description.
  • the traditional vehicle HUD mainly displays vehicle instrument information such as vehicle speed and fuel volume.
  • the imaging distance is about 2 to 3 meters.
  • Augmented reality (AR) HUD AR-HUD
  • AR-HUD Augmented reality HUD
  • the imaging distance of AR-HUD is generally about 7 to 15 meters. It can be seen that the imaging distance between AR-HUD and traditional HUD is not consistent.
  • images of two focal planes need to be generated.
  • the images of the two focal planes do not overlap each other and do not interfere with each other.
  • the "screen” referred to in this application is a focal plane, which represents the imaging position of a virtual image, rather than a screen in the actual sense.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a head-up display scene provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the image projection device in the vehicle-mounted HUD device can be installed near the windshield.
  • the image projection device can image the projected object A and object B at different depths outside the windshield by using the windshield or the glass, mirrors and other light-transmitting planes near the windshield, so that the driver does not lower his head. , You can see the driving information without turning your head.
  • object A can display vehicle instrument information such as vehicle speed and fuel level.
  • Object B can display AR image information, superimposing the digital image on the real environment outside the car.
  • the existing solution adopts two sets of picture generation units (PGU) in the image projection device to realize the traditional HUD and AR-HUD respectively on the two focal planes at the same time.
  • the two sets of PGUs share the curved mirror optical system at the rear end. Due to the different distances from the curved mirror, the positions of the virtual images formed through the windshield are also different, forming two different depths of screen A and screen B. Image display. So that the closer A screen can display instrument information, and the far B screen can display AR image information.
  • the present application provides a head-up display device, which is mainly based on a PGU and a zoomable holographic optical element (HOE) lens to realize dual-screen or even multi-screen display, effectively reducing the cost of the image projection device and volume.
  • HOE holographic optical element
  • variable focus HOE lens is composed of a polymer film, which can be used as a diffractive optical element and can be attached to the windshield. It can reflect the image light generated by the PGU in the image projection device, and by controlling the focal length of the HOE lens, the virtual image of the image can be focused to different depths outside the vehicle. Therefore, the use of two sets of PGUs in the image projection device is effectively avoided, and the distances between the two sets of PGUs and the curved mirror are controlled to realize imaging at different depths, thereby effectively reducing the cost and volume of the image projection device.
  • FIG. 4 is an example diagram of an application scenario of a head-up display provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an application scenario provided by the present application is a vehicle-mounted HUD.
  • the image projection device in the vehicle (usually placed in the console under the windshield of the vehicle) projects an image, and passes through the The reflection of the HOE lens attached to the windshield makes the virtual image corresponding to the image area focus to different depths outside the vehicle.
  • the closer virtual image screen can display instrument information, and the imaging distance is about 2 to 3 meters; the farther virtual image screen displays AR navigation, AR early warning and other information, and the imaging distance is about 7 to 15 meters.
  • FIG. 5 is an example diagram of a head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the head-up display device 400 includes a HOE lens 410 and an image projection device 420 .
  • the HOE lens 410 is attached to the light-transmitting plane, the working sequence of the HOE lens 410 includes N time periods, and the HOE lens 410 corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2 positive integer.
  • the image projection device 420 includes an image generation module PGU421 and an optical lens group 422 .
  • the PGU 421 is used to generate N projection images corresponding to N time periods
  • the optical lens group 422 is used to project the N projection images to the HOE lens 410, and after the reflection of the HOE lens 410, the virtual images of the N projection images are focused on the light-transmitting plane at different depths outside.
  • the HOE lens 410 of the present application is a variable focus lens, and its focal length and deflection angle will vary with the time period.
  • the PGU alternately generates different projection images corresponding to different time periods. That is to say, any image generated by the PGU corresponds to a focal length and a deflection angle, thereby realizing the presentation of different images at different depths and positions outside the vehicle.
  • the HOE lens 410 may only be required to correspond to different deflection angles in N time periods.
  • the specific operation mode should be determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited in this application.
  • deflection angles may refer to deflection angles of different magnitudes, and may also refer to deflection angles of different magnitudes and different deflection directions. Therefore, by controlling the focal length, deflection angle and deflection direction of the HOE lens at each time period in the N time periods, the virtual images of the N projected images can be arranged up and down at different depths outside the light transmission plane, or left and right. arranged, or otherwise arranged. At the same time, it can also be ensured that the virtual images corresponding to the N projection images do not overlap each other and do not interfere with each other.
  • the head-up display device of the embodiment of the present application includes a HOE lens and an image projection device.
  • the working sequence of the HOE lens includes N time periods, and the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods, and the image projection device includes a PGU, which is used to generate N projection images corresponding to the N time periods .
  • the N projection images are projected to the HOE lens in N time periods respectively, they are subject to different degrees of focusing and deflection, so that the virtual images corresponding to the N projection images can be presented at different depths outside the light transmission plane, realizing the N screen ( N ⁇ 2) display. That is to say, the present application can realize dual-screen or even multi-screen display based on one PGU and HOE lens, which effectively reduces the volume and cost of the image projection device in the HUD device.
  • the unit time includes K working cycles, each working cycle includes N time periods, and K is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the switching frequencies of the two time periods and the two projection images can be controlled to be 24 Hz, or 36 Hz, 48 Hz, or 72 Hz.
  • the switching frequency of the image is greater than or equal to 24HZ, a coherent image can be seen due to the persistence effect of the human eye. Therefore, at this time, two virtual images of the projected images can be simultaneously presented at different depths outside the light-transmitting plane.
  • the switching frequency may be set according to actual requirements, which is not limited in this application.
  • the HOE lens includes M layers of HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffractive state.
  • the N time periods correspond to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively.
  • the HOE film does not have a focusing function and does not have a deflection angle; if the film state of the HOE film is a diffraction state, the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle. In other words, if the film state of the HOE film is a transparent state, the focal length and deflection angle of the HOE film are both zero. If the film state of the HOE film is a diffractive state, neither the focal length nor the deflection angle of the HOE film is zero. It means that by controlling the film state of each HOE film, the HOE lens can have different deflection and focusing abilities.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE film in the diffractive state may range from 2° to 15°.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE lens is the sum of deflection angles of all the HOE films in the diffractive state in the M-layer HOE films.
  • each HOE film in the M layers of HOE films may have different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively when in the diffractive state.
  • each layer in the M-layer HOE film when each layer in the M-layer HOE film is in a diffractive state, each layer has different focusing ability and deflection degree for incident light.
  • the HOE lens includes a layer of HOE film, two working states can be achieved, one is a transparent state and the other is a diffractive state, and these two working states can be performed in two time periods; for example, if the HOE The lens includes two layers of HOE films, each of which has two film states, and the focal lengths and deflection angles of the two films in the diffractive state are different, then four working states can be realized according to the arrangement and combination, and these four working states can be in four periods. When there are more layers, the above method can also be used, and details are not described here.
  • each HOE film in the M layers of HOE films may also have the same focal length and deflection angle when in a diffractive state.
  • N and M no longer satisfy the above relationship.
  • the HOE lens includes two layers of HOE films, each of which has two film states, and the focal lengths and deflection angles of the two films in the diffractive state are the same, then three working states are included: a It is to control both layers to be in a transparent state; one is to control any one of the layers to be in a transparent state and the other to be in a diffractive state; the other is to control both layers to be in a diffractive state, and these three working states can be in three time periods. , which presents different images at three depths.
  • each HOE thin film in the M layers of HOE thin films may partially have different focal lengths and deflection angles when in a diffractive state.
  • This application does not limit this, and for the convenience of description, it is considered hereinafter that each HOE film in the M layers of HOE films has different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively when in the diffraction state.
  • one layer and two layers will be used as examples to expand the description.
  • the above head-up display device 400 may further include: a controller.
  • the controller can be used to control the PGU to generate N projection images corresponding to the N time periods; and/or, be used to control the film state of the HOE film of each layer, so that the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths respectively in the N time periods and different deflection angles.
  • the HOE film can be prepared from polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), or can be prepared from other materials with switchable refractive indices. In the examples of the present application, PDLC materials are used for preparation, but this cannot be a limitation of the present application.
  • the PDLC material can assume different states under the control of voltage. It means that a voltage can be loaded on each HOE film, and the film state of each HOE film can be switched by controlling the on and off of the voltage. Further, by controlling the frequency of the voltage, the control of the switching frequency of the N time periods can be realized.
  • the PDLC material may be a normal-phase PDLC material or a reverse-phase PDLC material.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram of state switching of a PDLC material provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the PDLC material is positive-phase PDLC, which has two states: when the voltage is turned off, it is in a diffractive state, has the focusing function of a lens, and the chief ray has a certain deflection angle, as shown in (a) in Figure 6; When the voltage is turned on, in the transparent state, the focusing function and the deflection angle disappear, as shown in (b) of FIG. 6 .
  • HOE thin films can also be prepared based on reversed-phase PDLC materials.
  • the HOE films in the examples of this application are all prepared from normal-phase PDLC materials.
  • the HOE thin film can be prepared by any one of exposure method, electron beam lithography method or nanoimprint method.
  • the preparation method of the HOE film can be as follows: using a parallel laser beam and a focused laser beam with a deflection angle to interfere with each other on a polymer dispersed liquid crystal PDLC holographic dry plate to obtain the HOE film.
  • the specific preparation method will be described in detail below, and will not be repeated here.
  • the preparation method of the HOE lens 410 is as follows: the HOE lens is obtained by laminating M layers of the above-mentioned HOE films. Optionally, each of the M layers is prepared using focused lasers with different focal lengths and different deflection angles, respectively.
  • the above-mentioned light-transmitting plane may be a windshield or a glass near the windshield, a reflector, or the like.
  • the light-transmitting plane is described as a windshield in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the image projection device 420 may also be referred to as a HUD optical machine, and is used to project the light rays of the image generated by the PGU 421 into different areas of the HOE lens 410 .
  • the image projection device 420 can be placed in the console under the windshield, or can be placed in other positions near the windshield, as long as the reflected energy of the image light projected by it through different areas of the HOE lens 410 is different on the outside of the windshield. It only needs to present a corresponding virtual image at the depth, which is not limited in this application.
  • the N projection images include: a first projection image and a second projection image.
  • the first projected image is used to display instrument information
  • the second projected image is used to display augmented reality image information.
  • the optical mirror group 422 may include two curved mirrors; alternatively, may include one curved mirror and one flat mirror; alternatively, may include one curved mirror and one or more lenses; or alternatively, may include one For the plane mirror and the lens, the present application does not limit the composition of the optical lens group 422 .
  • the optical mirror group 422 includes: a flat mirror M1 and a curved mirror M2, the flat mirror M1 and the curved mirror M2 are located between the HOE lens 410 and the PGU 421, and the N projected images are reflected by the flat mirror M1 and the curved surface.
  • Mirror M2 reflects to HOE lens 410 .
  • the HOE lens 410 may be attached to the outer side of the windshield, or may be attached to the inner side of the windshield, and may also be used as an interlayer of the windshield, which is not limited in this application.
  • the HOE lens 410 is attached to the inner side of the windshield. This is because the reflectivity is about 10% when reflected through the existing windshield; and when the HOE lens 410 is attached to the inside of the windshield, the HUD image is reflected through the HOE lens 410, and the reflection efficiency is above 50%. As a result, image brightness can be improved while power consumption can be reduced.
  • the depth and imaging position of the virtual image are realized by controlling the focal length and deflection angle of the HOE lens, not by controlling the distance between different image areas and the curved mirror, so no special HUD back-end optics are required.
  • the lens group design reduces the difficulty of optical design and processing.
  • the HOE lens since the HOE lens has a lens function when at least one layer of thin film in the HOE lens is in a diffractive state, it can magnify the image from the HUD, thereby further improving the field of view of the system.
  • the existing HUD uses the windshield to reflect the HUD image. Since both the inner and outer surfaces of the glass reflect the image, and there is a certain deviation, ghost images will occur.
  • the reflection on the image area when at least one layer of the film is in a diffractive state belongs to the diffraction principle, and usually only diffracts once, and the diffraction angle is different from the reflection angle of the windshield. Therefore, the user will only observe one diffraction image of the HUD, but will not observe the reflection images on the inside and outside of the windshield, and will not observe ghosting.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural example diagram of a dual-screen head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the head-up display device is mainly composed of an image projection device, a windshield, and a HOE lens.
  • the HOE lens includes a layer of HOE film, which is attached to the inner side of the windshield, and a square wave voltage is loaded on the HOE film.
  • the image projection device includes a PGU, a flat mirror M 1 and a curved mirror M 2 .
  • the PGU continuously and alternately generates two images according to the switching frequency of the thin film state, and the time interval between the switching of the two images is the half cycle of the square wave voltage.
  • the HOE lens when the voltage is 0, that is, when the voltage is turned off, the HOE lens is in a diffractive state. At this time, the focal length of the HOE lens is f 0 and the deflection angle is ⁇ , which together with other lenses in the HUD optical machine makes an image generated by the PGU Imaged at screen B, as shown in (a) of FIG. 8 .
  • the voltage is not 0, that is, when the voltage is turned on, it is in a transparent state, and the focal length and deflection angle are 0.
  • another image generated by the PGU is imaged at the A screen, as shown in Figure 8 (b) shown in Fig.
  • the frequency of the control voltage is greater than 24Hz, so as to use the human eye persistence effect, so that the driver can observe the virtual image at the A screen and the B screen at the same time.
  • the imaging position can be controlled by controlling the direction and size of the deflection angle; or the imaging distance can be controlled by controlling the size or positive or negative of the focal length. Not limited.
  • only one PGU can be used to realize dual-screen display.
  • the driver can observe the closer A screen and the far B screen at the same time, and the images of the A screen and the B screen do not overlap each other and do not interfere with each other.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural example diagram of a four-screen head-up display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the head-up display device is mainly composed of an image projection device, a windshield, and a HOE lens.
  • the HOE lens includes two layers of HOE films attached to the inside of the windshield, voltages are respectively applied to the two layers of HOE films, and the deflection angles of the two layers of HOE films in a diffractive state are ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 respectively.
  • the image projection device includes a PGU, a flat mirror M 1 and a curved mirror M 2 .
  • the film state of each HOE film is switched by the opening and closing of the voltage, so that the HOE lens presents four different focal lengths and deflection angles respectively in four time periods, and controls the PGU to alternately generate correspondingly in the four time periods four images.
  • four periods of time are taken as one period, and the number of periods per unit time can be controlled or the switching frequency of the four periods of time, that is, the voltage frequency, can be controlled, so that the human eye persistence effect can be used, so that the driver can At the same time, the virtual images at screen A, screen B, screen C and screen D were observed.
  • HOE 1 is turned off, and the voltage of HOE 2 is turned on.
  • HOE 2 is in a transparent state, the focal length and deflection angle are 0;
  • HOE 1 is in a diffractive state, the focal length is not 0, and the deflection angle is ⁇ 1 , so the virtual image of image 2 corresponding to time period 2 is deflected by ⁇ 1 , and is at depth 2 B Screen.
  • the voltage of HOE 1 is turned on, and the voltage of HOE 2 is turned off.
  • HOE 1 is in the transparent state, the focal length and deflection angle are 0;
  • HOE 2 is in the diffractive state, the focal length is not 0, and the deflection angle is ⁇ 2 . Therefore, the virtual image of image 3 corresponding to time period 3 is deflected by ⁇ 2 , and is at depth 3 C Screen.
  • both HOE 1 and HOE 2 voltages are turned off.
  • both HOE 1 and HOE 2 are in the diffraction state, the focal length is not 0, the deflection angle of HOE 1 is ⁇ 1 , and the deflection angle of HOE 2 is ⁇ 2 , so the virtual image of image 4 corresponding to time period 4 is deflected by ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 , D-screen at depth 4.
  • only one PGU can be used to realize four-screen display.
  • the imaging position can be controlled by controlling the direction and size of the deflection angle; or the imaging distance can be controlled by controlling the size or positive or negative of the focal length. not limited
  • HUD display with three or more screens can also be realized by controlling the switching mode of the voltage or the focal length and deflection angle of the film when the film is in the diffractive state, providing a richer stereoscopic image display for AR navigation.
  • FIG. 10 is an example diagram of a method for preparing an HOE lens provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the working sequence of the HOE lens includes N time periods, and the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in the N time periods, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the HOE lens includes M layers of variable focus HOE films, where M is a positive integer;
  • the manufacturing method 900 of the HOE lens includes steps S910 and S920. These steps are described in detail below.
  • the two laser beams may be emitted by the same laser and obtained by splitting light by a light splitting device.
  • the deflection angle of the focused laser needs to be defined according to the specifications of the HUD used in actual operation. Common deflection angles may be 2° to 15°.
  • the method for fabricating the HOE thin film also includes electron beam lithography, nano-imprinting, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffractive state.
  • the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles in N time periods.
  • the HOE film does not have a focusing function and there is no deflection angle; if the film state of the HOE film is a diffractive state, the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle.
  • each of the M layers can be prepared using focused lasers with different focal lengths and different deflection angles, respectively.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE lens may be the sum of the deflection angles of all the HOE films in the diffractive state in the M-layer HOE films.
  • FIG. 12 is an example diagram of a head-up display method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the head-up display method 1100 is implemented in a head-up display device 400.
  • the head-up display device 400 includes: a zoomable holographic optical element HOE lens and an image projection device; the HOE lens is attached to the light-transmitting plane, and the HOE lens
  • the working sequence includes N time periods, and the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively in the N time periods, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the image projection device includes an image generation module PGU and an optical lens group, The PGU is used to generate N projection images corresponding to the N time periods.
  • the head-up display method 1100 includes step S1110 : projecting the N projection images to the HOE lens through the optical lens group, and through reflection by the HOE lens, the virtual images of the N projection images are focused to different depths outside the light transmission plane.
  • the HOE lens includes M layers of HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffractive state.
  • the N time periods correspond to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively.
  • the HOE film does not have a focusing function and has no deflection angle; if the film state of the HOE film is a diffractive state, the HOE film has a focusing function and has a deflection angle.
  • each HOE film in the M layers of HOE films has different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively when in the diffractive state.
  • the deflection angle of the HOE film in the diffractive state is 2° to 15°
  • the deflection angle of the HOE lens is the sum of deflection angles of all the HOE films in the diffractive state in the M-layer HOE films.
  • N 2 M .
  • the HOE thin film is prepared by any one of exposure method, electron beam lithography method or nanoimprint method.
  • the preparation method of the HOE lens is as follows: a beam of parallel laser and a beam of focused laser with a deflection angle are used to interfere with each other on a polymer dispersed liquid crystal PDLC holographic dry plate to obtain a HOE film; M layers of HOE films are laminated to obtain The HOE lens, wherein each of the M layers is prepared by using focused lasers with different focal lengths and different deflection angles, respectively.
  • the unit time includes K working cycles, each working cycle includes N time periods, and K is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the N projection images include: a first projection image and a second projection image, the first projection image is used for displaying instrument information, and the second projection image is used for displaying augmented reality image information.
  • the optical mirror group includes: a flat mirror and a curved mirror, the flat mirror and the curved mirror are located between the HOE lens and the PGU, and the N projected images are reflected to the HOE lens through the flat mirror and the curved mirror.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, including the above head-up display device 400 .
  • the vehicle may be an electric vehicle, for example, a pure electric vehicle, an extended-range electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, a new energy vehicle, etc., which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an in-vehicle system, including the above head-up display device 400 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for controlling a HOE lens, the HOE lens includes M layers of HOE films, where M is a positive integer; the HOE film has at least two film states, and the film states include a transparent state and a diffractive state,
  • the method includes: controlling the film state of each HOE film respectively, so that the HOE lens corresponds to different focal lengths and different deflection angles respectively in the N time periods.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a controller, the controller includes an input and output interface, a processor and a memory, the processor is used to control the input and output interface to send and receive signals or information, the memory is used to store a computer program, the processor is used for The computer program is called and executed from the memory, so that the controller executes the above-described method 900, and/or executes the method 1100, and/or executes the above-described control method of the HOE lens.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product containing instructions, when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer program product causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned method 900, and/or execute the method 1100, and/or execute the above-mentioned control of the HOE lens method.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable medium stores program codes for device execution, where the program codes include instructions for executing the foregoing method 900 and/or executing the method 1100 , and/or an instruction to execute the above-mentioned HOE lens control method.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a data interface, the processor reads an instruction stored in a memory through the data interface, and executes the above method 900 and/or the method 1100, And/or implement the above-mentioned control method of the HOE lens.
  • the chip may further include a memory, in which instructions are stored, the processor is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, and when the instructions are executed, the The processor is configured to execute the above method 900, and/or execute the method 1100, and/or execute the above control method of the HOE lens.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne dispositif d'affichage tête haute (400) et un procédé d'affichage tête haute appliqués aux domaines de l'automobile, de l'aviation, de l'aérospatiale, de la navigation et analogues. Le dispositif d'affichage tête haute (400) comprend une lentille HOE, ou lentille d'élément optique holographique (abrégé de l'anglais « holographic optical element) » (410), ainsi qu'un dispositif de projection d'image (420). La lentille HOE (410) est fixée au plan de transmission de lumière et la séquence de temps de travail de la lentille HOE (410) comprend N périodes de temps. La lentille HOE (410) correspond respectivement à différentes longueurs focales et à différents angles de déviation dans les N périodes de temps. Le dispositif de projection d'image (420) comprend une unité de génération d'image (PGU, de l'anglais « picture generation unit ») (421) et un groupe de lentilles optiques (422). La PGU (421) est utilisée pour générer N images de projection correspondant à N périodes de temps, le groupe de lentilles optiques (422) est utilisé pour projeter les N images de projection sur la lentille HOE (410) et, par réflexion de la lentille HOE (410), des images virtuelles des N images de projection sont mises au point à des profondeurs différentes à l'extérieur du plan de transmission de lumière. Sur la base de la PGU (421) et de la lentille HOE À foyer variable (410), un affichage à double écran ou même multi-écran peut être réalisé et la taille et le coût du dispositif de projection d'image (420) dans le dispositif d'affichage tête haute (400) sont efficacement réduits.
PCT/CN2020/115103 2020-09-14 2020-09-14 Dispositif d'affichage tête haute, procédé d'affichage tête haute et véhicule WO2022052111A1 (fr)

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CN202080004894.5A CN112673300A (zh) 2020-09-14 2020-09-14 抬头显示装置、抬头显示方法及车辆
PCT/CN2020/115103 WO2022052111A1 (fr) 2020-09-14 2020-09-14 Dispositif d'affichage tête haute, procédé d'affichage tête haute et véhicule

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