WO2022050863A1 - Способ контроля технического состояния дизель-генератора при эксплуатации - Google Patents
Способ контроля технического состояния дизель-генератора при эксплуатации Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022050863A1 WO2022050863A1 PCT/RU2020/000637 RU2020000637W WO2022050863A1 WO 2022050863 A1 WO2022050863 A1 WO 2022050863A1 RU 2020000637 W RU2020000637 W RU 2020000637W WO 2022050863 A1 WO2022050863 A1 WO 2022050863A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- diesel generator
- vibration
- diesel
- values
- measurements
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/003—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/042—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12
- G01M15/048—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12 by monitoring temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/12—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring vibrations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0077—Imaging
Definitions
- the invention relates to technical diagnostics, in particular to methods for determining the technical condition of an object, mainly reciprocating equipment, including diesel generators, and can be used to control electric equipment and diesel generators, refueling machines, drives of control and protection systems nuclear power plants, for diagnostics, control of parameters, processing and presentation of control results, issuing recommendations and instructions for the repair of diesel generator sets.
- Known methods and devices for using vibration data to determine the state of the process control device uses vibration data to determine the state of the process control device during calibration, while calculating the operating threshold of the control device based on the first vibration data, collecting operating data regarding the control device. The operating data points to the resource associated with the control device. The operating threshold is then updated based on said operating data. The updated operating threshold indicates a decrease in the remaining resource associated with the control device. Second vibration data is then collected from the first sensor after the vibration monitoring circuit is calibrated, and the state of the process control device is determined if the second vibration data exceeds the updated operating threshold.
- the problem of controlling any technological process of a classical technologies based on the sequence of actions and methods for transmitting data from the sensor to the receiver as well as in the described analogues of the known method.
- the known method does not allow vibrodiagnostics of diesel generator elements during its operation and assess the need for maintenance.
- the closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is a method for monitoring the technical condition of a marine diesel generator in operation (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. on the turbocharger housing, on the elements of the gas exhaust and intake systems of the engine and the engine crankshaft, on the engine feet, on the generator bearing housing and on the generator feet, on the supports and foundation of the diesel generator, subsequent conversion of the measured signal into narrow-band spectra of vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, vibration displacement and determination of the place where the vibration parameters exceed the established limits of operational levels.
- the disadvantage of the closest analogue is the inability to assess the state of the diesel generator by determining the trend of the controlled parameters.
- the objective achieved by the invention is to determine the technical condition of a diesel generator to analyze the possibility of its further operation without undergoing repairs, as well as to increase the efficiency of detecting a malfunction of diesel generator sets at an early stage of occurrence through a joint analysis of diagnostic data of a different nature, taking into account previously recorded equipment data of this type.
- the technical result achieved by the present invention is to ensure the possibility of timely detection of deviations in the operation of a diesel generator by conducting periodic measurements and comparing the results of calculations with each other, and, as a result, in ensuring the industrial safety of the technological equipment of the installations.
- the essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a method for monitoring the technical condition of a diesel generator during operation, which consists in measuring the values of vibration acceleration in three mutually orthogonal planes using vibration sensors installed at the control points of the diesel generator, it is proposed to preliminarily measure the values of vibration acceleration in the control points of a known-good working diesel generator, and then carry out subsequent measurements of the values of vibration acceleration at the control points of the diesel generator during its operation with a regulated frequency, while additionally measuring the temperature and intensity of the ultrasonic signal at the same control points and determining the root-mean-square values of the intensity of the ultrasonic signal, temperature and vibration acceleration, as well as to calculate the RMS values of vibration velocity and vibration displacement, the obtained values from the measured values of vibration acceleration represent in the form of matrices, then normalize the obtained rms values, calculate the covariance matrices and their singular value decomposition to obtain eigenvectors and eigenvalues, then project the obtained data onto the principal components with the formation of cluster
- Additional control points for measuring the values of the ultrasonic signal intensity are proposed to be chosen mainly on the cylinders and their high pressure fuel pumps, main bearing anchors, camshaft plain bearings, generator, water and oil pumps.
- the proposed method is carried out as follows.
- Vibration sensors are installed on the diesel generator at the control points of the diesel generator, for example, on the supports and attachment points of the diesel engine, the diesel body and in places close to the location of the diesel supports, turbochargers, water and oil pumps, as well as on the supports and the support frame of the generator and its bearings.
- wireless three-coordinate sensors can be used, for example, sensors of the "VS-3D" type.
- the proposed method also provides for the control of attachments: turbochargers, water and oil pumps in places on the housing close to the location of the bearings.
- the in-line execution of diesel engines implies the arrangement of cylinders in one (15D-100, AS-803 and AS-808) or two (AS D-5600, DG-4000) rows.
- the bearings of the upper and lower crankshafts can be controlled on the engine housing in the area where the main bearings are located on the right and left sides.
- the generators that are part of the DGU are synchronous machines, consisting of a fixed stator and a rotor rotating on plain bearings. As in all synchronous machines, the rotor is an electromagnet powered by direct current through a brush-collector apparatus. The serviceability of an electrical machine is determined primarily by the condition of the stator windings and bearings. When operating synchronous machines, there are often difficulties with the brush-collector power supply of the rotor, which must also be controlled. Vibration control is intended for a generalized check of equipment in terms of the possibility of its operation. Vibration control of the vibration level at control points, followed by a comparison of the vibration parameters with their standard values determined for machines of this design, allows us to conclude that the installation can be further operated. The vibration signal is sensitive not only to local oscillatory processes in the controlled equipment, but also to all processes in the equipment (generalized indicator).
- Carrying out temperature control of a diesel engine allows timely detection of defects in fuel equipment elements that do not provide the necessary working process of a diesel engine. Control makes it possible to quickly restore the necessary power, economic and environmental characteristics of a diesel engine.
- the operational control of fuel equipment elements allows assessing the quality of repairs and, if necessary, taking appropriate measures to improve the technical condition of the diesel engine.
- the control of the temperature of the exhaust pipes of the cylinders or the temperature of the exhaust gases, the temperature of the working media, the maximum combustion pressure in each cylinder characterizes the uniformity of the cylinders and the efficiency of the diesel engine as a whole. Control of the temperature state of the diesel frame and its main units makes it possible to identify places with a pronounced change in the temperature field, which, obviously, is a consequence of increased resistance (friction) in the mating nodes and parts of the diesel engine.
- the temperature is measured using a thermal imager, for example, Testo 890-2, by pointing at the installation areas of the generator bearings, cylinder exhaust pipes, high pressure fuel pumps, inspection hatches, diesel cooling water pump housings, charge air cooling water pump, oil pump and generator, subsequent automatic or manual focusing and saving the thermographic image in the memory of the device.
- Thermal imaging control of the crankshaft bearings of V-shaped and in-line diesel engines is sufficient to control the temperature of the inspection hatches, washed by the oil supplied to lubricate the crankshaft bearings.
- the intensity of the ultrasonic signal is carried out by taking measurements on the cylinders and their high-pressure fuel pumps, anchor connections of the main bearings, camshaft plain bearings, generator, water and oil pumps. Registration is carried out by installing the contact probe of the ultrasonic device SDT-270 at the control points.
- crankshaft In diesel engines with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders (DGU type 12ZV40 / 48 + S2445-12, ZVEZDA-BOOOVS-MTU), all vibrations that occur in the crank mechanism are perceived by the engine housing.
- the crankshaft is placed in the caps of the main bearings, which are attached to the engine housing with studs, and to increase the rigidity of the lower part of the engine housing, transverse anchors are located in the plane of each main bearing.
- transverse anchors On the left and right sides of the engine housing are the camshafts of the gas distribution mechanism. Ultrasonic testing of crankshaft bearings can be carried out from one side, which is convenient to do through anchor connections that perceive the loads of crankshaft frame bearings.
- the ultrasonic parameters of the camshaft bearings on the left and right sides can only be controlled on the engine housing (skeleton).
- the design of V-shaped diesels allows ultrasonic testing of each high-pressure fuel pump and cylinder bushings located on the port and starboard sides.
- ultrasonic signal at the same control points of the diesel generator during its operation at a frequency determined by the regulations of the operating organization, for example, once every three months.
- the vibration registration time at each control point is determined by the nominal speed of the diesel shaft. During the registration time for reliable control of the structural element, the number of revolutions must be at least 10. The recommended registration time is 1 second.
- Control is carried out during the operation of the equipment at rated power. Simultaneous registration of two or three types of technical condition parameters corresponding to typical equipment groups allows for a comprehensive assessment by presenting data in the n-dimensional region, calculating the centers of data clusters and the distance between centers. The value of the distance between data samples recorded at different times is a complex indicator of the change in the state of the equipment.
- the root-mean-square values of the intensity of the ultrasonic signal, temperature and vibration acceleration are calculated. Then, based on the measured values of vibration acceleration, the root-mean-square values of vibration velocity and vibration displacement are calculated.
- the obtained values are presented in the form of matrices, for example: VRMS] UMAX] ⁇ ⁇ root-mean-square values and maximum values of vibration velocities in three mutually orthogonal planes recorded several times at the same equipment points, where K is the number of measurements, L is the number of points.
- the covariance matrix is decomposed using singular decomposition to obtain eigenvectors and eigenvalues where U n are eigenvectors (directions of greatest dispersion); L p - eigenvalue (dispersion fraction of the parameter in the direction of the corresponding vector).
- the obtained data are projected onto the principal components with the formation of clusters corresponding to the measurements at each point in the space of the principal components.
- the standard interval is determined, formed as the distance range between the clusters of previous measurements, and a conclusion is made about the full serviceability of the diesel generator if more than 50% of the clusters of current measurements fall into the standard interval or about the presence of defects in the operation of the diesel generator if less than 50% of the clusters hit current measurements within the standard interval, or about a diesel generator malfunction if more than 50% of the clusters fall below the border of the standard interval.
- the described method was used in the diagnosis of diesel generator sets of the type 15D-100, 12ZV40 / 48 + S2445-12, ZVEZDA- 6000BC-MTU, operated at Novovoronezh, Smolensk, Rostov NPPs, and can be used in the diagnostics of diesel generator sets of AS D-5600, DG-4000, AS-803 and AS-808 types, operated at other NPPs.
- Using the proposed method allows you to determine the technical condition of the diesel generator, promptly and timely identify deviations in its operation.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202080102621.4A CN115836196A (zh) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 柴油发电机技术状况操作中监控方法 |
JP2023512782A JP7462833B2 (ja) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 運転中のディーゼル発電機の技術的状態を監視する方法 |
EP20952615.1A EP4209768A1 (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | Method for monitoring the technical condition of a diesel generator when in operation |
CA3191229A CA3191229A1 (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | Method for monitoring the technical condition of a diesel generator when in operation |
US18/024,249 US20230266201A1 (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | Method for monitoring the technical condition of a diesel generator when in operation |
BR112022027066A BR112022027066A2 (pt) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | Método de monitoramento da condição técnica de um gerador a diesel em operação |
KR1020237007327A KR20230058405A (ko) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 작동 중인 디젤 발전기 기술적 조건 모니터링 기법 |
ZA2023/00143A ZA202300143B (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2023-01-03 | Method for monitoring the technical condition of a diesel generator when in operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2020128924 | 2020-09-01 | ||
RU2020128924A RU2753156C1 (ru) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Способ контроля технического состояния дизель-генератора при эксплуатации |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022050863A1 true WO2022050863A1 (ru) | 2022-03-10 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/RU2020/000637 WO2022050863A1 (ru) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | Способ контроля технического состояния дизель-генератора при эксплуатации |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230266201A1 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP4209768A1 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP7462833B2 (ru) |
KR (1) | KR20230058405A (ru) |
CN (1) | CN115836196A (ru) |
BR (1) | BR112022027066A2 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA3191229A1 (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2753156C1 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2022050863A1 (ru) |
ZA (1) | ZA202300143B (ru) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115859092A (zh) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-28 | 南京天洑软件有限公司 | 一种基于主成分分解的发电机绕组温度预警方法及装置 |
CN116498435A (zh) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-07-28 | 西安陕柴重工核应急装备有限公司 | 基于柴油发电机组的使用状态监控方法及装置 |
CN115163323B (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-09-29 | 北京理工大学 | 基于振动信号的柴油机喷油时刻动态优化方法和装置 |
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JP6854595B2 (ja) | 2016-05-31 | 2021-04-07 | 旭化成エンジニアリング株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジンのすべり軸受の診断装置 |
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2020
- 2020-09-01 RU RU2020128924A patent/RU2753156C1/ru active
- 2020-11-27 KR KR1020237007327A patent/KR20230058405A/ko unknown
- 2020-11-27 US US18/024,249 patent/US20230266201A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202080102621.4A patent/CN115836196A/zh active Pending
- 2020-11-27 BR BR112022027066A patent/BR112022027066A2/pt unknown
- 2020-11-27 WO PCT/RU2020/000637 patent/WO2022050863A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2020-11-27 JP JP2023512782A patent/JP7462833B2/ja active Active
- 2020-11-27 EP EP20952615.1A patent/EP4209768A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-27 CA CA3191229A patent/CA3191229A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-01-03 ZA ZA2023/00143A patent/ZA202300143B/en unknown
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RU2338609C1 (ru) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-11-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" (ОАО "НЛМК") | Способ диагностики резонансной вибрации и управления многоклетьевым станом холодной прокатки полос и устройство для его осуществления |
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US9778080B2 (en) * | 2013-04-29 | 2017-10-03 | Emerson Electric (Us) Holding Corporation (Chile) Limitada | Selective decimation and analysis of oversampled data |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115163323B (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-09-29 | 北京理工大学 | 基于振动信号的柴油机喷油时刻动态优化方法和装置 |
CN115859092A (zh) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-28 | 南京天洑软件有限公司 | 一种基于主成分分解的发电机绕组温度预警方法及装置 |
CN115859092B (zh) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-11-17 | 南京天洑软件有限公司 | 一种基于主成分分解的发电机绕组温度预警方法及装置 |
CN116498435A (zh) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-07-28 | 西安陕柴重工核应急装备有限公司 | 基于柴油发电机组的使用状态监控方法及装置 |
CN116498435B (zh) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-15 | 西安陕柴重工核应急装备有限公司 | 基于柴油发电机组的使用状态监控方法及装置 |
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RU2753156C1 (ru) | 2021-08-12 |
KR20230058405A (ko) | 2023-05-03 |
BR112022027066A2 (pt) | 2023-03-14 |
CA3191229A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
CN115836196A (zh) | 2023-03-21 |
US20230266201A1 (en) | 2023-08-24 |
EP4209768A1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
ZA202300143B (en) | 2023-09-27 |
JP7462833B2 (ja) | 2024-04-05 |
JP2023540689A (ja) | 2023-09-26 |
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