WO2022048366A1 - 一种电位差预警电路以及系统 - Google Patents

一种电位差预警电路以及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048366A1
WO2022048366A1 PCT/CN2021/109629 CN2021109629W WO2022048366A1 WO 2022048366 A1 WO2022048366 A1 WO 2022048366A1 CN 2021109629 W CN2021109629 W CN 2021109629W WO 2022048366 A1 WO2022048366 A1 WO 2022048366A1
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Prior art keywords
potential difference
mos transistor
controller
ground
warning circuit
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Ceased
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔杰
鲍乐梅
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Suzhou Wave Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Wave Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US18/043,972 priority Critical patent/US11994565B2/en
Publication of WO2022048366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048366A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/10—Measuring sum, difference or ratio
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/30—Structural combination of electric measuring instruments with basic electronic circuits, e.g. with amplifier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16547—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies voltage or current in AC supplies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G01R19/16571—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/12—Measuring electrostatic fields or voltage-potential
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G01R19/16576—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing DC or AC voltage with one threshold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to mechanical injury, e.g. rupture of line, breakage of earth connection
    • H02H5/105—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to mechanical injury, e.g. rupture of line, breakage of earth connection responsive to deterioration or interruption of earth connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of servers, in particular to a potential difference early warning circuit and system.
  • Grounding technology is an important consideration in EMC (electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic compatibility) technology, and it is an important technology that must be adopted when electronic, electrical equipment or systems are working normally. This technology is not only a necessary means to protect facilities and personal safety, but also an important technical measure to suppress EMI (electromagnetic interference, electromagnetic interference), protect the EMC of equipment or systems, and improve the reliability of equipment or systems.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic compatibility
  • Proper grounding can provide a low-impedance path for interfering signals, which is the most effective way to suppress disturbance sources. Can solve about half of EMC problems. Each part of the current in the circuit and system must form a current loop with the ground wire or ground plane.
  • GND on server equipment is divided into several different GND properties. It is mainly divided into two categories: PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board) GND and safety GND (ground terminal, that is, the part connected to the ground).
  • PCB GND is the signal ground.
  • the signal ground refers to the signal reference ground of the circuit and electronic equipment.
  • the signal forms a loop with it, which is a low-impedance path for the signal current to flow back to the signal source.
  • the purpose of the safety GND is to guide the fault current. When leakage occurs in the equipment, the leakage current must be discharged to the ground through the safety GND to ensure the safety of people.
  • FIG. 1 in the prior art, two independent GNDs are isolated, and at the same time, in order to ensure the return path of the high-frequency noise of the EMC, two different GNDs are connected through resistors and capacitors. Since a server cabinet needs to assemble multiple computing nodes, all computing nodes need to be powered by a power supply unit in a centralized manner.
  • the power supply unit is the Power shelf in the server cabinet.
  • the chassis size of the Power shelf is the same as that of the compute node, but the current value provided will be significantly higher.
  • the potential of the PCB GND in the Powershelf device is not necessarily the same as the potential of the safety ground.
  • the interface connector on the PCB the metal connector has the same potential as the PCB GND
  • the chassis connected to the safety ground
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a potential difference early warning circuit, including the following components:
  • Detection resistor one end of the detection resistor is connected to the signal ground;
  • the first MOS tube (abbreviation of MOSFET, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), the drain stage of the first MOS tube is connected to the other end of the detection resistor, and the source stage is connected to the safety ground;
  • the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the detection resistor, and the negative input terminal is connected to the other end of the detection resistor;
  • the gate of the second MOS tube is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and the source stage is connected to the signal ground;
  • the first input end of the controller is connected with the drain stage of the second MOS tube, and the output end is connected with the gate of the second MOS tube;
  • the operational amplifier is configured to send a corresponding level to the second MOS transistor according to the magnitude of the potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground to control the conduction or disconnection of the second MOS transistor, so that the controller can pass the first
  • the input terminal receives the corresponding level, so that the controller controls the on or off of the first MOS transistor according to the received level.
  • the operational amplifier is further configured to send a high level to the second MOS transistor to control the conduction of the second MOS transistor in response to the potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground reaching a threshold, so that the first MOS transistor of the controller is turned on.
  • An input terminal is connected to the signal ground, so that the controller receives a low level and outputs a low level through the output terminal of the controller, thereby disconnecting the first MOS transistor.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • a first power supply which is connected to the power supply terminal of the operational amplifier
  • a first current limiting resistor one end of the first current limiting resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the other end is connected to the first input end of the controller.
  • the operational amplifier is further configured to send a low level to the second MOS transistor to control the disconnection of the second MOS transistor in response to the potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground not reaching the threshold, so that the controller's The first input terminal receives the high level and outputs the high level through the output terminal of the controller, thereby turning on the first MOS transistor.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • Triode the base stage of the triode is connected to the signal ground, the collector is connected to the second input end of the controller, and the emitter stage is connected to the safety ground;
  • the triode is configured to be turned on or off according to whether there is a potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground, so that the second input terminal of the controller receives a corresponding level.
  • the transistor is further configured to conduct when there is a potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground, so that the second input terminal of the controller is connected to the signal ground, so that the controller receives a low input from the second input terminal After the level, it indicates that there is a potential difference between the current signal ground and the safety ground.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • the second power supply is connected to the collector of the triode
  • Pull-up resistor one end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the second power supply, and the other end is connected to the collector of the triode.
  • the transistor is further configured to open when there is no potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground, so that the second input of the controller receives a high level.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • the second current limiting resistor one end of the second current limiting resistor is connected to the base stage of the triode, and the other end is connected to the signal ground.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a potential difference early warning system, which includes the potential difference early warning circuit described in the above embodiment.
  • the present invention has one of the following beneficial technical effects: the solution proposed by the present invention can automatically detect and discover through the server for the first time after a potential difference exists between different GNDs of the circuit. If the threshold is exceeded, the control alarm will be carried out to avoid the occurrence of major fire accidents.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of connections between different GNDs in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of a potential difference warning circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a potential difference early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a potential difference early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the controller may be a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device, complex programmable logic device), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array), BMC (Baseboard Manager Controller, baseboard management controller) ), CPU (central processing unit, central processing unit) or other types of controllers.
  • CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device, complex programmable logic device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array
  • BMC Baseboard Manager Controller, baseboard management controller
  • CPU central processing unit, central processing unit
  • an embodiment of the present invention proposes a potential difference warning circuit, as shown in FIG. 2 , which may include:
  • Detection resistor R2 one end of the detection resistor R2 is connected to the signal ground PCB GND;
  • the first MOS transistor M1, the drain of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to the other end of the detection resistor R2, and the source is connected to the safety ground GND;
  • Operational amplifier U1A the positive input terminal 3 of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to one end of the detection resistor R2, and the negative input terminal 2 is connected to the other end of the detection resistor R2;
  • the second MOS tube M2, the gate of the second MOS tube M2 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the source stage is connected to the signal ground PCB GND;
  • the first input terminal of the controller is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor M2, and the output terminal is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor M2;
  • the operational amplifier U1A is configured to send a corresponding level to the second MOS transistor M2 according to the magnitude of the potential difference between the signal ground PCB GND and the safety ground GND to control the conduction or disconnection of the second MOS transistor M2, so as to
  • the controller is made to receive the corresponding level through the first input terminal, and then the controller is made to control the turn-on or turn-off of the first MOS transistor M1 according to the received level.
  • the solution proposed by the present invention can automatically detect and discover through the server for the first time after a potential difference exists between different GNDs of the circuit. If the threshold is exceeded, the control alarm will be carried out to avoid the occurrence of major fire accidents.
  • the operational amplifier U1A is further configured to send a high level to the second MOS transistor to control the conduction of the second MOS transistor in response to the potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground reaching a threshold, so that the controller’s
  • the first input terminal is connected to the signal ground, so that the controller receives a low level and outputs a low level through the output terminal of the controller, thereby disconnecting the first MOS transistor.
  • the output terminal 1 of the operational amplifier sends a high level to the second MOS transistor M2.
  • the second MOS transistor M2 is turned on after receiving a high level, and the output signal CPLD_OCP2 will output a low level, that is, the first input terminal of the controller is connected to the signal ground PCB GND, and then receives a low level.
  • the controller issues an instruction to pull down the output terminal CPLD_EN_GND from the high level to the low level, thereby causing the first MOS transistor M1 to be cut off.
  • the purpose of setting the second MOS transistor is to provide a stable low-level or high-level input to the controller to prevent misjudgment due to unstable level.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • the first power supply VCC1 is connected to the power supply terminal of the operational amplifier U1A;
  • a first current limiting resistor R3, one end of the first current limiting resistor R3 is connected to the first power supply VCC1, and the other end is connected to the first input end of the controller.
  • the operational amplifier U1A is further configured to send a low level to the second MOS transistor M2 to control the disconnection of the second MOS transistor M2 in response to the potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground not reaching the threshold, so that the second MOS transistor M2 is turned off.
  • the first input terminal of the controller receives the high level and outputs the high level through the output terminal of the controller, thereby turning on the first MOS transistor.
  • the output signal CPLD_OCP2 when it is determined by detecting the potential across the resistor R2 that the current exceeds the threshold (eg 500mA), that is, the potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground exceeds the threshold, the output signal CPLD_OCP2 will output a high level, that is, the controller
  • the first input end of the first current limiting resistor R3 is connected to receive a high level. After receiving the high level, the controller issues an instruction to output the high level of the output terminal CPLD_EN_GND, thereby turning on the first MOS transistor M1.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • the base stage of the transistor Q1 is connected to the signal ground, the collector is connected to the second input end of the controller, and the emitter stage is connected to the safety ground;
  • the transistor Q1 is configured to be turned on or off according to whether there is a potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground, so that the second input terminal of the controller receives a corresponding level.
  • the transistor Q1 is further configured to be turned on when there is a potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground, so that the second input terminal of the controller is connected to the signal ground, so that the controller receives the input signal from the second input terminal. After the low level, it indicates that there is a potential difference between the current signal ground and the safety ground.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • the second power supply VCC2, the second power supply VCC2 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1;
  • Pull-up resistor R4 one end of the pull-up resistor R4 is connected to the second power supply VCC2, and the other end is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
  • the transistor is further configured to open when there is no potential difference between the signal ground and the safety ground, so that the second input of the controller receives a high level.
  • the potential difference warning circuit further includes:
  • a second current limiting resistor R5 one end of the second current limiting resistor R5 is connected to the base stage of the transistor Q1, and the other end is connected to the signal ground.
  • the transistor Q1 can detect whether there is a potential difference between the signal ground PCB GND and the safety ground GND, and output the corresponding signal CPLD_OCP1, which is connected to the second input terminal of the controller. Under normal circumstances, this signal is a high level signal. If there is a potential difference, the signal will be pulled low and become a low level.
  • the plurality of PCB GNDs shown in FIG. 2 are conductive, and the plurality of GNDs are conductive.
  • an embodiment of the present invention proposes a potential difference early warning method.
  • a potential difference early warning method As shown in FIG. 3 , when the second input terminal of the controller detects a low level, and after a delay for a period of time, it is still detected Low level, it means that there is a potential difference between the PCB GND and the safety ground GND, and then judge whether the first input terminal of the controller detects a low level.
  • a low level indicates that the potential difference between the PCB GND and the safety ground GND is greater than the threshold. At this time, it is necessary to output a low level through the output terminal of the controller to cut off the first MOS transistor M1.
  • the solution proposed by the present invention can automatically detect and discover through the server for the first time after a potential difference exists between different GNDs of the circuit. If the threshold is exceeded, the control alarm will be carried out to avoid the occurrence of major fire accidents.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a potential difference early warning system 400, as shown in FIG. 4, including the potential difference early warning circuit 401 described in any of the above embodiments.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电位差预警电路和系统，包括：侦测电阻(R2)，其一端接信号地(PCB GND)；第一MOS管(M1)，其漏级与侦测电阻(R2)的另一端连接，源级接安全地(GND)；运算放大器(U1A)，其正输入端与侦测电阻(R2)的一端连接，负输入端与侦测电阻(R2)的另一端连接；第二MOS管(M2)，其栅极与运算放大器(U1A)的输出端连接，源级接信号地(PCB GND)；控制器，其第一输入端与第二MOS管(M2)的漏级连接，输出端与第二MOS管(M2)的栅极连接；其中运算放大器(U1A)配置为根据信号地(PCB GND)和安全地(GND)之间的电位差的大小，向第二MOS管(M2)发送相应的电平以控制第二MOS管(M2)的导通或断开，以使控制器通过第一输入端接收相应的电平，进而使控制器根据接收到的电平控制第一MOS管(M1)的导通或断开。

Description

一种电位差预警电路以及系统
本申请要求于2020年09月04日提交中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202010922866.3，发明名称为“一种电位差预警电路以及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及服务器领域，具体涉及一种电位差预警电路以及系统。
背景技术
接地技术是EMC(electromagnetic compatibility，电磁兼容)技术中的一项重要考量因素，无论是电子、电气设备还是系统正常工作时，必须采取的重要技术。该技术不仅是保护设施和人身安全的必要手段，也是抑制EMI(electro magnetic interference，电磁干扰)，保障设备或系统的EMC，提高设备或系统可靠性的重要技术措施。
恰当的接地可以为干扰信号提供低阻抗通路，是最有效的抑制骚扰源的方法。可解决约一半的EMC问题。电路、系统中的各部分电流都必须与地线或地平面构成电流回路。
服务器设备上的GND划分为多种不同的GND属性。大体主要分为两类：PCB(Printed Circuit Board，印刷电路板)GND和安全GND(接地端，即与大地连接的部分)。PCB GND即为信号地，信号地是指电路及电子设备的信号参考地，信号以其构成回路，是信号电流流回信号源的低阻抗路径。安全GND的目的是用来引导故障电流，当设备发生漏电现象，必须通过安全GND将漏电流泄放到大地，以此来保证人的安全。
但是，GND处理不当，会在两个接地点之间的公共阻抗上形成电位差， 从而产生接地干扰。同时，由于不同GND属性之间的电压存在，一旦短路，会形成短路电流，由于电阻比较小，从而导致电流值非常大。很容易造成着火事件。引起安全事故，不满足安全规范设计的要求。
如图1所示，现有技术中，将独立的两个GND进行隔离，而同时为保证EMC的高频杂讯的回流路径，将两个不同GND之间通过电阻和电容进行连接。服务器机柜由于需要组装多个计算节点，所有的计算节点都需要供电单元集中供电。供电单元就是服务器机柜当中的Power shelf(电源框)。Power shelf的机箱尺寸大小与计算节点相同，但是所提供的电流值会很大。
因此，Power shelf设备中的PCB GND的电位与安全地的电位不一定相同。在实际测试及生产线组装中，时常会发生PCB板上的接口连接器(金属连接器与PCB GND电位相同)偶然碰到机箱(与安全地相连)而发生打火的现象。若这种现象发生在数据中心或是机房，那么很可能造成火灾事故。
发明内容
有鉴于此，为了克服上述问题的至少一个方面，本发明实施例提出一种电位差预警电路，包括以下部件：
侦测电阻，侦测电阻的一端接信号地；
第一MOS管(MOSFET的缩写，金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)，第一MOS管的漏级与侦测电阻的另一端连接，源级接安全地；
运算放大器，运算放大器的正输入端与侦测电阻的一端连接，负输入端与侦测电阻的另一端连接；
第二MOS管，第二MOS管的栅极与运算放大器的输出端连接，源级接所述信号地；
控制器，控制器的第一输入端与第二MOS管的漏级连接，输出端与第二MOS管的栅极连接；
其中，运算放大器配置为根据信号地和安全地之间的电位差的大小，向第二MOS管发送相应的电平以控制第二MOS管的导通或断开，以使控制器通过第一输入端接收相应的电平，进而使控制器根据接收到的电平控制第一MOS管的导通或断开。
在一些实施例中，运算放大器还配置为响应于信号地和安全地之间的电位差达到阈值，向第二MOS管发送高电平以控制第二MOS管的导通，使控制器的第一输入端接信号地，以使控制器接收到低电平并通过控制器的输出端输出低电平，进而使第一MOS管断开。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
第一电源，第一电源与运算放大器的电源端连接；
第一限流电阻，第一限流电阻的一端与第一电源连接，另一端与控制器的第一输入端连接。
在一些实施例中，运算放大器还配置为响应于信号地和安全地之间的电位差没有达到阈值，向第二MOS管发送低电平以控制第二MOS管的断开，使控制器的第一输入端接收到高电平并通过控制器的输出端输出高电平，进而使第一MOS管导通。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
三极管，三极管的基级接信号地，集电极与控制器的第二输入端连接，发射级与安全地连接；
其中三极管配置为根据信号地和安全地之间是否存在电位差导通或断开，以使控制器的第二输入端接收到相应的电平。
在一些实施例中，三极管还配置为在信号地和安全地之间存在电位差时导通，使控制器的第二输入端接信号地，以使控制器接收到第二输入端输入的低电平后提示当前信号地和安全地之间存在电位差。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
第二电源，第二电源与三极管的集电极连接；
上拉电阻，上拉电阻的一端与第二电源连接，另一端与三极管的集电极连接。
在一些实施例中，三极管还配置为在信号地和安全地之间的没有电位差时断开，使控制器的第二输入端接收到高电平。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
第二限流电阻，第二限流电阻的一端与三极管的基级连接，另一端接信号地。
基于同一发明构思，根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明的实施例还提供了一种电位差预警系统，其包括如上实施例所述的电位差预警电路。
本发明具有以下有益技术效果之一：本发明提出的方案能够在当电路的不同GND之间存在电位差以后，可以通过服务器第一时间进行自动侦测和发现。如果超过阈值以后进行控制报警，避免重大火灾事故的发生。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。
图1为本发明的实施例提供的现有技术中不同GND之间的连接示意图；
图2为本发明的实施例提供的电位差预警电路的结构连接示意图；
图3为本发明的实施例提供的电位差预警方法的流程框图；
图4为本发明的实施例提供的电位差预警系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明实施例进一步详细说明。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中所有使用“第一”和“第二”的表述均是为了区分两个相同名称非相同的实体或者非相同的参量，可见“第一”“第二”仅为了表述的方便，不应理解为对本发明实施例的限定，后续实施例对此不再一一说明。
在本发明的实施例中，控制器可以是CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device，复杂可编程逻辑器件)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array，现场可编程门阵列)、BMC(Baseboard Manager Controller，基板管理控制器)、CPU(central processing unit，中央处理器)或其他类型的控制器。
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明的实施例提出一种电位差预警电路，如图2所示，其可以包括：
侦测电阻R2，该侦测电阻R2的一端接信号地PCB GND；
第一MOS管M1，该第一MOS管M1的漏级与侦测电阻R2的另一端连接，源级接安全地GND；
运算放大器U1A，该运算放大器U1A的正输入端3与侦测电阻R2的一端连接，负输入端2与侦测电阻R2的另一端连接；
第二MOS管M2，该第二MOS管M2的栅极与运算放大器U1A的输出端连接，源级接信号地PCB GND；
控制器(图未示)，该控制器的第一输入端与第二MOS管M2的漏级连接，输出端与第二MOS管M2的栅极连接；
其中，运算放大器U1A配置为根据信号地PCB GND和安全地GND之间的电位差的大小，向第二MOS管M2发送相应的电平以控制第二MOS管M2的导通或断开，以使控制器通过第一输入端接收相应的电平，进而使控制器根据接收到的电平控制第一MOS管M1的导通或断开。
本发明提出的方案能够在当电路的不同GND之间存在电位差以后，可以通过服务器第一时间进行自动侦测和发现。如果超过阈值以后进行控制报警，避免重大火灾事故的发生。
在一些实施例中，运算放大器U1A还配置为响应于信号地和安全地之间的电位差达到阈值，向第二MOS管发送高电平以控制第二MOS管的导通，使控制器的第一输入端接信号地，以使控制器接收到低电平并通过控制器的输出端输出低电平，进而使第一MOS管断开。
具体的，当信号地PCB GND与安全地GND之间的电位差存在时，由于侦测电阻R2两端分别为PCB GND与GND，所以侦测电阻R2两端由于电压的作用而存在电流。因此可以通过侦测电阻R2两端的电位来判定电流大小，当电位差超过阈值后，也即电流超过阈值(例如，500mA)，则运算放大器的输出端1向第二MOS管M2发送高电平，第二MOS管M2接收到高电平后导通，输出信号CPLD_OCP2将输出低电平，也即控制器的第一输入端接信号地PCB GND，进而接收到低电平。当控制器接收到低电平后，发出指令，将输出端CPLD_EN_GND由高电平拉低到低电平，从而导致第一MOS管M1切断。
需要说明的是，设置第二MOS管的目的在于可以给控制器提供稳定的低电平或高电平输入，防止由于电平不稳定导致误判。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
第一电源VCC1，该第一电源VCC1与运算放大器U1A的电源端连接；
第一限流电阻R3，该第一限流电阻R3的一端与第一电源VCC1连接，另一端与控制器的第一输入端连接。
在一些实施例中，运算放大器U1A还配置为响应于信号地和安全地之间的电位差没有达到阈值，向第二MOS管M2发送低电平以控制第二MOS管M2的断开，使控制器的第一输入端接收到高电平并通过控制器的输出端输出高电平，进而使第一MOS管导通。
具体的，通过侦测电阻R2两端的电位来判定电流超过阈值(例如500mA)时，也即信号地和安全地之间的电位差超过阈值，输出信号CPLD_OCP2将输出高电平，也即控制器的第一输入端接第一限流电阻R3， 进而接收到高电平。当控制器接收到高电平后，发出指令，将输出端CPLD_EN_GND输出高电平，从而将第一MOS管M1导通。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
三极管Q1，三极管Q1的基级接信号地，集电极与控制器的第二输入端连接，发射级与安全地连接；
其中三极管Q1配置为根据信号地和安全地之间是否存在电位差导通或断开，以使控制器的第二输入端接收到相应的电平。
在一些实施例中，三极管Q1还配置为在信号地和安全地之间存在电位差时导通，使控制器的第二输入端接信号地，以使控制器接收到第二输入端输入的低电平后提示当前信号地和安全地之间存在电位差。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
第二电源VCC2，该第二电源VCC2与三极管Q1的集电极连接；
上拉电阻R4，该上拉电阻R4的一端与第二电源VCC2连接，另一端与三极管Q2的集电极连接。
在一些实施例中，三极管还配置为在信号地和安全地之间的没有电位差时断开，使控制器的第二输入端接收到高电平。
在一些实施例中，该电位差预警电路还包括：
第二限流电阻R5，该第二限流电阻R5的一端与三极管Q1的基级连接，另一端接信号地。
具体的，可以通过三极管Q1侦测信号地PCB GND与安全地GND之间是否存在电位差，并输出相应的信号CPLD_OCP1，此信号连接到控制器的第二输入端。正常情况下此信号为高电平信号，若存在电位差，则信号将被拉低，变为低电平。
需要说明的是，图2中示出的多个PCB GND之间是导通的，多个GND之间是导通的。
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明的实施例提出一种电位差预警方法， 如图3所示，当控制器的第二输入端检测到低电平，且延时一段时间后，仍检测到低电平，则说明PCB GND与安全地GND之间存在电位差，然后判断控制器的第一输入端是否检测到低电平，如果检测到低电平且延时一段时间后，仍检测到低电平，则说明PCB GND与安全地GND的电位差大于阈值，此时则需要通过控制器的输出端输出低电平以切断第一MOS管M1。
本发明提出的方案能够在当电路的不同GND之间存在电位差以后，可以通过服务器第一时间进行自动侦测和发现。如果超过阈值以后进行控制报警，避免重大火灾事故的发生。
基于同一发明构思，根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明的实施例还提供了一种电位差预警系统400，如图4所示，包括如上任一实施例所述的电位差预警电路401。
以上是本发明公开的示例性实施例，但是应当注意，在不背离权利要求限定的本发明实施例公开的范围的前提下，可以进行多种改变和修改。根据这里描述的公开实施例的方法权利要求的功能、步骤和/或动作不需以任何特定顺序执行。此外，尽管本发明实施例公开的元素可以以个体形式描述或要求，但除非明确限制为单数，也可以理解为多个。
应当理解的是，在本文中使用的，除非上下文清楚地支持例外情况，单数形式“一个”旨在也包括复数形式。还应当理解的是，在本文中使用的“和/或”是指包括一个或者一个以上相关联地列出的项目的任意和所有可能组合。
上述本发明实施例公开实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的，并非旨在暗示本发明实施例公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子；在本发明实施例的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术 特征之间也可以进行组合，并存在如上的本发明实施例的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。因此，凡在本发明实施例的精神和原则之内，所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明实施例的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电位差预警电路，其特征在于，包括：
    侦测电阻，所述侦测电阻的一端接信号地；
    第一MOS管，所述第一MOS管的漏级与所述侦测电阻的另一端连接，源级接安全地；
    运算放大器，所述运算放大器的正输入端与所述侦测电阻的所述一端连接，负输入端与所述侦测电阻的所述另一端连接；
    第二MOS管，所述第二MOS管的栅极与所述运算放大器的输出端连接，源级接所述信号地；
    控制器，所述控制器的第一输入端与所述第二MOS管的所述漏级连接，输出端与所述第二MOS管的所述栅极连接；
    其中，所述运算放大器配置为根据所述信号地和所述安全地之间的电位差的大小，向所述第二MOS管发送相应的电平以控制所述第二MOS管的导通或断开，以使所述控制器通过所述第一输入端接收相应的电平，进而使所述控制器根据接收到的电平控制所述第一MOS管的导通或断开。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，所述运算放大器还配置为响应于所述信号地和所述安全地之间的电位差达到阈值，向所述第二MOS管发送高电平以控制所述第二MOS管的导通，使所述控制器的第一输入端接信号地，以使所述控制器接收到低电平并通过所述控制器的输出端输出低电平，进而使所述第一MOS管断开。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一电源，所述第一电源与所述运算放大器的电源端连接；
    第一限流电阻，所述第一限流电阻的一端与所述第一电源连接，另一端与所述控制器的第一输入端连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，所述运算放大器 还配置为响应于所述信号地和所述安全地之间的电位差没有达到阈值，向所述第二MOS管发送低电平以控制所述第二MOS管的断开，使所述控制器的第一输入端接收到高电平并通过所述控制器的输出端输出高电平，进而使所述第一MOS管导通。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，还包括：
    三极管，所述三极管的基级接所述信号地，集电极与所述控制器的第二输入端连接，发射级与所述安全地连接；
    其中所述三极管配置为根据所述信号地和所述安全地之间是否存在电位差导通或断开，以使所述控制器的第二输入端接收到相应的电平。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，所述三极管还配置为在所述信号地和所述安全地之间存在电位差时导通，使所述控制器的第二输入端接信号地，以使所述控制器接收到所述第二输入端输入的低电平后提示当前所述信号地和所述安全地之间存在电位差。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二电源，所述第二电源与所述三极管的集电极连接；
    上拉电阻，所述上拉电阻的一端与所述第二电源连接，另一端与所述三极管的集电极连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，所述三极管还配置为在所述信号地和所述安全地之间没有电位差时断开，使所述控制器的第二输入端接收到高电平。
  9. 如权利要求5所述的电位差预警电路，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二限流电阻，所述第二限流电阻的一端与所述三极管的基级连接，另一端接信号地。
  10. 一种电位差预警系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电位差预警电路。
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