WO2022045878A1 - A system and method for precision farming of landscaping for fertilizer dispersion with organic plant nano-enhancer - Google Patents

A system and method for precision farming of landscaping for fertilizer dispersion with organic plant nano-enhancer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022045878A1
WO2022045878A1 PCT/MY2020/050209 MY2020050209W WO2022045878A1 WO 2022045878 A1 WO2022045878 A1 WO 2022045878A1 MY 2020050209 W MY2020050209 W MY 2020050209W WO 2022045878 A1 WO2022045878 A1 WO 2022045878A1
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Prior art keywords
fertilizer
gps
region
guided
mission
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PCT/MY2020/050209
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French (fr)
Inventor
Mohd Izmir Bin YAMIN
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Nanomalaysia Berhad
Pulsar Uav Sdn Bhd
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Publication of WO2022045878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022045878A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
    • A01M7/0017—Portable atomisers, e.g. knapsack type
    • A01M7/0021—Portable atomisers, e.g. knapsack type motor-driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV for guiding farmers to accurately dispense the amount of fertilizer by utilizing an electronic fertilizer dispenser.
  • Agricultural distribution revolves around food source and provides for economical benefit. Therefore, it is important to ensure an optimum output is generated from agriculture activities.
  • production and time are also some of the important elements in agriculture. It is important, therefore, to plant early, harvest in time, as well as to ensure that the yield is stored within the right time.
  • the use of modern technology in agriculture ensures that farmers grow vast food within the shortest time possible.
  • loNT internet of nano things hereinafter referred to as loNT is applied where the combination of nanotechnology and internet of things hereinafter referred to as loT will transform the current loT applications to be more functional, robust, and compact.
  • loNT have a great potential to improve the performance and productivity especially in agriculture.
  • loNT provides a medium to collect and process data to improve the performance and productivity in agriculture.
  • CN 468 A entitled “Spray fertilizer decision and assessment system based on unmanned plane having a filing date of 26 June 2008 utilizes a drone which comprises of central controller equipped with GPS navigator, signal receiver for receiving reference information of the normal crop density sent by ground control station, fertilizer cylinders for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer cartridges connected to the feed pipe, solenoid valves and spectral imager which includes a detection module, an image acquisition module, an image analysis module and an image processing module. Further, CN 468 A also disclosed on GPS navigator and a signal receiver which is electrically connected on both sides of the drone’s central controller and the GPS based mapping system which is applied specifically to a drone for dispensing fertilizers.
  • CN204560212 U hereinafter referred as CN 212 U entitled “A kind of electronic variable-rate fertilization based on GPS having a filing date of 12 March 2015 further disclosed on single chip controller which is utilized to collect position and speed signal of GPS system. Data from single chip controller will be further compared with data in geographic information system. Single chip controller will also drive fertilizer distributor shaft through stepper motor that will move the shaft in axial direction, which will change length of fertilizer distributor and controlling the amount of fertilizer.
  • CN 915 U entitled “Tree Precise Fertilization control system based on embedded system” having a filing date of 6 September 2016.
  • position of plants or location of plants is received by GPS positioning system. Data from the GPS positioning system will be further pass to variable fertilization control module through serial port. Data in CN 915 U is also directly transmitted to variable fertilization control module where mobile phone wifi connected to the variable fertilization control module. Upon successful geographic location obtained from the system, corresponding fertilization amount information can be further determined.
  • the present invention relates to a system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV.
  • the present invention provides a customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and customized electric dispenser module for guiding farmers to accurately dispense amount of fertilizer by utilizing an electronic fertilizer dispenser.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides system for fertilizer dispersion based on customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and electric dispenser module which in general comprising a GPS guided locator planner software for mapping activities on large scale plantation (100); a guided locator printed circuit board known as PCB for interfacing with the GPS guided locator planner (200); and a GPS guided fertilizer system for fertilizer dispensing (300).
  • the GPS guided locator planner software for mapping activities on large scale plantation further comprises at least one map control to locate a specified region on the map (102); at least one map polygon drawing to map coordinate data array to polygon line or vice versa (104); at least one region import to import and convert GeoJson to map region vector (106); at least one mission region to generate listing table based on region value and parameter (108); and at least one mission upload to compile mission region and data to firmware readable format into read and write memory card storage (110).
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides at least one map polygon drawing to map coordinate data array to polygon line or vice versa (104) comprises of polygon vector drawing data from at least a drone.
  • a further aspect of the present invention provides at least one mission region for generating a listing table on region value and parameter comprises at least one latitude of a region (108a);at least one longitude of a region (108b);at least one altitude of a region (108c);at least one pressure altitude of a region (108d);at least one roll of counter clockwise rotation in x-axis (108e); at least one pitch of counter clockwise rotation in y-axis (108f); at least one yaw of counter clockwise rotation in z-axis (108g);at least one mission data (108h);at least one mission state (108i); and at least one motor speed (108j).
  • a GPS guided fertilizer module for fertilizer dispensing comprises at least one GPS module (302); at least one universal serial bus, USB cable port for telemetry (304);at least one mission and GPS status LED (306);at least one computer module (308);at least one fertilizer tank (310); at least one main switch and charging port (312);at least one rechargeable battery (314);at least one internal battery level indicator (316);at least one flowrate sensor (318);at least one output (320);at least one electronic speed control (322) ;at least one electric pump (324); at least one spray nozzle pipe (326); at least one handle (328) ;at least one liquid hose and power signal cable (330); at least one pump enable switch (332) ;at least one system status indicator (334) ;at least one back padding (336) ;at least one wearable back strap (338) and at least one fertilizer inlet cap (340).
  • GPS guided fertilizer system for fertilizer dispensing (300) further comprises at least four hours battery endurance; and at least 10 litre backpack capacity.
  • a further aspect of the present invention provides a method for fertilizer dispersion based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module comprising steps of; launching GPS guided locator planner software (402); importing and converting GeoJson file to map region vector by selecting import region menu (404); viewing region legend by selecting view menu (406); generating mission file by selecting generate menu (408); uploading mission file to memory card by selecting upload menu (410); inserting memory card into computer board on fertilizer dispenser (412); filling up fertilizer mixture in fertilizer dispenser tank (414); switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416); waiting for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418); and dispensing the fertilizer based on mapping region (420).
  • Still another aspect of the present invention provides switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416) comprising two indicators namely green for indicating map is loaded and ready for mission (502) and orange for indicating searching GPS satellites (504).
  • a further aspect of the present invention provides wherein waiting for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) further comprising changing of orange indicator to green indicator for indicating sufficient GPS satellites found and lock (506).
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides use of GPS guided fertilizer system based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module for dispensing accurate amount of fertilizer and reducing fertilizer wastage.
  • FIG 1 .0 illustrates GPS guided locator planner.
  • FIG 1 .0a illustrates menu on the GPS guided locator planner.
  • FIG 1 .Ob illustrates parameter data stream from guided locator planner board.
  • FIG 1 .0c illustrates map polygon drawing on the GPS guided locator planner.
  • FIG 1 .0d illustrates GeoJson geometry structure.
  • FIG 2.0 illustrates actual packaging of a computer board.
  • FIG 2.0a illustrates actual printed circuit board, PCB assembly.
  • FIG 2.0b illustrates updated plan for guided locator electronic architecture.
  • FIG 3.0 illustrates GPS guided fertilizer system.
  • FIG 4.0 is a flowchart illustrating the general methodology of fertilizer dispensing based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module.
  • FIG 4.0a illustrates import region in the GPS guided locator planner.
  • FIG 4.0b illustrates region loaded in the GPS guided locator planner.
  • FIG 5.0 illustrates GPS guided fertilizer system with LED indicators after insertion of memory card.
  • FIG 6.0 illustrates Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map for test area which divided into three zones for the test area with a prescription table.
  • FIG 6.0a illustrates result for sample 1 with fertilizer spray.
  • FIG 6.0b illustrates result for sample 2 without fertilizer spray.
  • FIG 6.0c illustrates result for sample 3 with fertilizer spray.
  • FIG 6.0d illustrates result for sample 4 without fertilizer spray.
  • FIG 6.0e illustrates result for sample 5 with fertilizer spray.
  • FIG 6. Of illustrates result for sample 6 without fertilizer spray.
  • FIG 6.0g is a table illustrating growth length for samples in three different zones.
  • FIG 6. Oh is a graph illustrating growth length for samples in three different zones.
  • FIG 7.0 is a Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map illustrating health average value before applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
  • FIG 7.0a illustrates prescription table for health average value before applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
  • FIG 7.0b is a Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map illustrating health average value after applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
  • FIG 7.0c illustrates prescription table for health average value after applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
  • the present invention provides a system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV.
  • the present invention provides customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and customized electric dispenser module for guiding farmers to accurately dispense amount of fertilizer by utilizing an electronic fertilizer dispenser.
  • FIG.1.0 illustrates a GPS guided locator planner which is utilized in the present invention.
  • the GPS guided locator planner is developed with user interface elements such as map coordinate based on mouse cursor position, quick tool menu, a parameter data stream from the GPS and a menu for further actions.
  • the menu is further illustrated in FIG 1.0a.
  • the menu comprises of map control to locate a specified region on the map (102). Specifically, by utilizing map control, user can drag and zoom a map by using mouse and further obtain coordinate input for a specific region.
  • a map polygon drawing menu is used to map and coordinate data array to a polygon line or map the polygon to usable data coordinate (104).
  • FIG. 1.0b illustrates the parameter data stream from guided locator planner board.
  • FIG 1.0c and FIG 1.0d illustrates map polygon drawing on the GPS guided locator planner and geometry structure respectively.
  • Map polygon data drawing which is taken from a drone can be converted to usable pixel map data for specific map region matric for further manipulation and optimization.
  • the machine language instructions such as GeoJson can be categorized into two sections which by properties and geometry. For properties, it is based on amount, area, average value and rate. Motor speed control value in present invention can be determined based on two methods. First, rate value from GeoJson file and second is set from software for each region. As for rate value from GeoJson file, it can be determined from GeoJson file upload and setup time. As example, mission with 445 by width x 319 by height in steps /pixels the size of data are 141 955 pixels will translate to 6.78 MB or 6 778 199 bytes of data.
  • time needed for GeoJson database file transfer can be further determined based on final size and SD card transfer speed where at 300kb the time required is approximately 1 hour 18 minutes.
  • FIG. 2.0 to FIG 2.0a illustrates actual packaging of the computer board of the present invention, actual printed circuit board, PCB assembly respectively.
  • the actual printed circuit board, PCB assembly generally comprising power input for external power such as battery and main power supply.
  • the PCB assembly comprising output channels with four channel of output capable of pulse width modulation, PWM, digital and analog result.
  • Micro USB in the PCB assembly is utilize for data, power and code flash while micro SD card is utilize for mission database storage.
  • Indicator LED is also implemented in the PCB assembly for GPS and board indication.
  • Serial channel in PCB assembly consist of three channel for bootleader, telemetry and GPS communications. In present invention, there is update where several changes has been made.
  • the update plan for guided locator electronic architecture is illustrated in FIG 2.0b.
  • the guided locator electronic architecture has include at least one battery for main power supply (202), at least one inertia measurement unit known as IMU (204), at least one microcontroller (206), at least one memory card storage (208), at least one global navigation satellite system module known as GNSS module (210) to obtain latitude and longitude coordinate with data from GPS, a global navigation satellite system, GLONASS, GALILEO global navigation satellite system and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, at least one GPS connector for serial and antenna (212, 214) at least one USB connector power and data transmission (216), at least one telemetry channel (218), at least one output connector (220), at least one logic leveller (222), at least one indicator light (224); and at least one power controller (226).
  • FIG 3.0 illustrates a GPS guided fertilizer module from front view and back view.
  • the GPS guided fertilizer module for fertilizer dispensing comprising at least one GPS module (302), at least one universal serial bus, USB cable port for telemetry (304), at least one mission and GPS status LED (306), at least computer module (308), at least one fertilizer tank (310), at least one main switch and charging port (312), at least one rechargeable battery (314), at least one internal battery level indicator (316), at least one flowrate sensor (318), at least one output (320), at least one electronic speed control (322), at least one electric pump (324), at least one spray nozzle pipe (326), at least one handle (328), at least one liquid hose and power signal cable (330), at least one pump enable switch (332), at least one system status indicator (334), at least one back padding (336), at least one wearable back strap (338) and at least one fertilizer inlet cap (340).
  • the backpack fertilizer dispenser further comprises 4 hours battery endurance for one cycle of battery charge with 10 litre capacity.
  • FIG. 4.0 is a flowchart illustrating the general methodology of fertilizer dispensing based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module.
  • the step is initiated by launching a program known as GPS guided locator planner (402).
  • the step is further carried out by importing and converting GeoJson file to map region vector by selecting import region menu (404).
  • Region legend can be view from the software by selecting view menu (406) and mission file can be further generated by selecting generate menu (408).
  • the steps is further carried out by uploading mission file to memory card by selecting upload menu (410).
  • Memory card is first inserted into computer board on fertilizer dispenser (412) before filling up fertilizer mixture in fertilizer dispenser tank (414).
  • the step is further carried out by switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416) and user must wait for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) before the fertilizer system is ready for dispensing the fertilizer based on mapping region (420).
  • FIG 4.0a to FIG 4.0b illustrates steps of import region to load region respectively on GPS guided locator planner.
  • GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) upon switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416), GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) must be achieved where it comprises of two indicators namely green for indicating map is loaded and ready for mission (502) and orange for indicating searching GPS satellites (504). GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) further comprising changes of the orange indicator to green indicator for indicating sufficient GPS satellites found and lock (506). The time taken for GPS to achieve 3D lock is approximately less than one minute.
  • System status displayed on the backpack fertilizer dispenser system will provide further assistance to user or farmers on health index of plantation according to user’s location. The status of the system will display states, GPS points, motor speed and flow rate.
  • State will provide information on whether the plants have been sprayed with fertilizer or not. If the plant has been sprayed by fertilizer, it will not trigger the dispenser system. On the other hand, the GPS points will show the number of satellites that are currently connected to the receiver of the system. Motor speed is where it indicates the speed of high pressure pump while the flow rate will indicates a spray rate to the user according to the flow sensor.
  • Figure 6.0 further illustrates the health status reflected from a Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI.
  • NVDI Normalized Vegetation Index
  • the average value represents NDVI number which indicates the health status of the crops.
  • NDVI comprises of its general rule whereby -1 to 0 is indicated as dead plant, 0 to 0.33 is unhealthy, 0.33 to 0.66 is healthy, and 0.66 to 1 is indicated as very healthy plant.
  • FIG 6.0a to FIG 6.0f illustrates the results of the plantation with or without fertilizer known as nanofertiliser. Based on results tabulated in FIG 6.0 g and 6.0 h, each zones namely zone A, zone B and zone C carried two samples whereby nanofertiliser is applied alternately. Based on the results, it is proven that the health status of plantation is increased upon dispensing of the fertilizer, nanofertiliser.
  • FIG 7.0 to FIG 7.0c illustrates the map with health average value before and after applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation and prescription table for health average value before and after applying of the fertilizer dispensing system in the overall plantation.
  • NVDI map illustrates seven zones without application of fertilizer with an average value ranging from -0.36 to 0.32.
  • the average value represents NDVI number to indicate health status of the crops by referring to the general NDVI rules. Referring to the rules and results from Figure 7.0 and 7.0a, it is found that there are more unhealthy crops compared to the healthy crops.
  • FIG 7.0b and FIG 7.0c illustrates the Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map with an increasing health average value in all seven zones ranging from -0.13 to 0.41 .
  • The, results from Figure 7.0b and 7.0c shows that the application of the fertilizers are able to promote healthier crops.
  • the system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV provides for accurately dispensing of the amount of fertilizer for precision farming.

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Abstract

The present invention provides a system and method for project precision farming of landscaping for fertilizer dispersion with organic plant nano enhancer whereby the system comprising a global positioning system, GPS guided locator planner for mapping activities on a large scale plantation (100) by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV, a guided locator printed circuit board, PCB for interfacing with the GPS guided locator planner (200) and a GPS guided fertilizer system for fertilizer dispensing (300).

Description

A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRECISION FARMING OF LANDSCAPING FOR FERTILIZER DISPERSION WITH ORGANIC PLANT NANO-ENHANCER
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV for guiding farmers to accurately dispense the amount of fertilizer by utilizing an electronic fertilizer dispenser.
BACKGROUND ART
Agricultural distribution revolves around food source and provides for economical benefit. Therefore, it is important to ensure an optimum output is generated from agriculture activities. However, there are several drawbacks from agricultural activities especially in farming where farmers need to satisfy labor. Production and time are also some of the important elements in agriculture. It is important, therefore, to plant early, harvest in time, as well as to ensure that the yield is stored within the right time. The use of modern technology in agriculture ensures that farmers grow vast food within the shortest time possible.
In modern agriculture, internet of nano things hereinafter referred to as loNT is applied where the combination of nanotechnology and internet of things hereinafter referred to as loT will transform the current loT applications to be more functional, robust, and compact. loNT have a great potential to improve the performance and productivity especially in agriculture. loNT provides a medium to collect and process data to improve the performance and productivity in agriculture.
China Patent No. CN108945468 A, hereinafter referred as CN 468 A entitled “Spray fertilizer decision and assessment system based on unmanned plane having a filing date of 26 June 2008 utilizes a drone which comprises of central controller equipped with GPS navigator, signal receiver for receiving reference information of the normal crop density sent by ground control station, fertilizer cylinders for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer cartridges connected to the feed pipe, solenoid valves and spectral imager which includes a detection module, an image acquisition module, an image analysis module and an image processing module. Further, CN 468 A also disclosed on GPS navigator and a signal receiver which is electrically connected on both sides of the drone’s central controller and the GPS based mapping system which is applied specifically to a drone for dispensing fertilizers.
China Utility Patent Publication No. CN204560212 U hereinafter referred as CN 212 U entitled “A kind of electronic variable-rate fertilization based on GPS having a filing date of 12 March 2015 further disclosed on single chip controller which is utilized to collect position and speed signal of GPS system. Data from single chip controller will be further compared with data in geographic information system. Single chip controller will also drive fertilizer distributor shaft through stepper motor that will move the shaft in axial direction, which will change length of fertilizer distributor and controlling the amount of fertilizer.
China Utility Patent Publication No CN206060915 U hereinafter referred as CN 915 U entitled “Tree Precise Fertilization control system based on embedded system” having a filing date of 6 September 2016. In CN 915 U, position of plants or location of plants is received by GPS positioning system. Data from the GPS positioning system will be further pass to variable fertilization control module through serial port. Data in CN 915 U is also directly transmitted to variable fertilization control module where mobile phone wifi connected to the variable fertilization control module. Upon successful geographic location obtained from the system, corresponding fertilization amount information can be further determined.
Due to the various method and system currently available for fertilization control, there is a need for a large scale plantation management by using precision plantation service that will include overall view of plantation health status for improved decision making on crop fertilization that will reduced wastage on fertilizer or pesticide and at the same time increase output yield and productivity.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV. In particular, the present invention provides a customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and customized electric dispenser module for guiding farmers to accurately dispense amount of fertilizer by utilizing an electronic fertilizer dispenser.
One aspect of the present invention provides system for fertilizer dispersion based on customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and electric dispenser module which in general comprising a GPS guided locator planner software for mapping activities on large scale plantation (100); a guided locator printed circuit board known as PCB for interfacing with the GPS guided locator planner (200); and a GPS guided fertilizer system for fertilizer dispensing (300). The GPS guided locator planner software for mapping activities on large scale plantation (100) further comprises at least one map control to locate a specified region on the map (102); at least one map polygon drawing to map coordinate data array to polygon line or vice versa (104); at least one region import to import and convert GeoJson to map region vector (106); at least one mission region to generate listing table based on region value and parameter (108); and at least one mission upload to compile mission region and data to firmware readable format into read and write memory card storage (110).
Another aspect of the present invention provides at least one map polygon drawing to map coordinate data array to polygon line or vice versa (104) comprises of polygon vector drawing data from at least a drone.
A further aspect of the present invention provides at least one mission region for generating a listing table on region value and parameter comprises at least one latitude of a region (108a);at least one longitude of a region (108b);at least one altitude of a region (108c);at least one pressure altitude of a region (108d);at least one roll of counter clockwise rotation in x-axis (108e); at least one pitch of counter clockwise rotation in y-axis (108f); at least one yaw of counter clockwise rotation in z-axis (108g);at least one mission data (108h);at least one mission state (108i); and at least one motor speed (108j).
Still another aspect of the present invention provides the guided locator printed circuit board known as PCB (200) for interfacing with the GPS guided locator planner comprises at least one battery for main power supply (202); at least one inertia measurement unit known as IMU (204); at least one microcontroller (206);at least one memory card storage (208);at least one global navigation satellite system module known as GNSS module (210) to obtain latitude and longitude coordinate with data from a GPS, a global navigation satellite system, GLONASS, GALILEO global navigation satellite system and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System; at least one GPS connector for serial and antenna (212, 214); at least one USB connector power and data transmission (216);at least one telemetry channel (218); at least one output connector (220);at least one logic leveller (222);at least one indicator light (224); and at least one power controller (226).
Another aspect of the present invention provides that a GPS guided fertilizer module for fertilizer dispensing (300) comprises at least one GPS module (302); at least one universal serial bus, USB cable port for telemetry (304);at least one mission and GPS status LED (306);at least one computer module (308);at least one fertilizer tank (310); at least one main switch and charging port (312);at least one rechargeable battery (314);at least one internal battery level indicator (316);at least one flowrate sensor (318);at least one output (320);at least one electronic speed control (322) ;at least one electric pump (324); at least one spray nozzle pipe (326); at least one handle (328) ;at least one liquid hose and power signal cable (330); at least one pump enable switch (332) ;at least one system status indicator (334) ;at least one back padding (336) ;at least one wearable back strap (338) and at least one fertilizer inlet cap (340).
Still another aspect of the present invention provides that the GPS guided fertilizer system for fertilizer dispensing (300) further comprises at least four hours battery endurance; and at least 10 litre backpack capacity.
A further aspect of the present invention provides a method for fertilizer dispersion based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module comprising steps of; launching GPS guided locator planner software (402); importing and converting GeoJson file to map region vector by selecting import region menu (404); viewing region legend by selecting view menu (406); generating mission file by selecting generate menu (408); uploading mission file to memory card by selecting upload menu (410); inserting memory card into computer board on fertilizer dispenser (412); filling up fertilizer mixture in fertilizer dispenser tank (414); switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416); waiting for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418); and dispensing the fertilizer based on mapping region (420). Still another aspect of the present invention provides switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416) comprising two indicators namely green for indicating map is loaded and ready for mission (502) and orange for indicating searching GPS satellites (504). A further aspect of the present invention provides wherein waiting for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) further comprising changing of orange indicator to green indicator for indicating sufficient GPS satellites found and lock (506).
Another aspect of the present invention provides use of GPS guided fertilizer system based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module for dispensing accurate amount of fertilizer and reducing fertilizer wastage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
To further clarify various aspects of some embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by references to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG 1 .0 illustrates GPS guided locator planner.
FIG 1 .0a illustrates menu on the GPS guided locator planner.
FIG 1 .Ob illustrates parameter data stream from guided locator planner board.
FIG 1 .0c illustrates map polygon drawing on the GPS guided locator planner.
FIG 1 .0d illustrates GeoJson geometry structure.
FIG 2.0 illustrates actual packaging of a computer board.
FIG 2.0a illustrates actual printed circuit board, PCB assembly.
FIG 2.0b illustrates updated plan for guided locator electronic architecture.
FIG 3.0 illustrates GPS guided fertilizer system.
FIG 4.0 is a flowchart illustrating the general methodology of fertilizer dispensing based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module.
FIG 4.0a illustrates import region in the GPS guided locator planner.
FIG 4.0b illustrates region loaded in the GPS guided locator planner.
FIG 5.0 illustrates GPS guided fertilizer system with LED indicators after insertion of memory card.
FIG 6.0 illustrates Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map for test area which divided into three zones for the test area with a prescription table.
FIG 6.0a illustrates result for sample 1 with fertilizer spray.
FIG 6.0b illustrates result for sample 2 without fertilizer spray.
FIG 6.0c illustrates result for sample 3 with fertilizer spray.
FIG 6.0d illustrates result for sample 4 without fertilizer spray. FIG 6.0e illustrates result for sample 5 with fertilizer spray.
FIG 6. Of illustrates result for sample 6 without fertilizer spray.
FIG 6.0g is a table illustrating growth length for samples in three different zones.
FIG 6. Oh is a graph illustrating growth length for samples in three different zones. FIG 7.0 is a Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map illustrating health average value before applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
FIG 7.0a illustrates prescription table for health average value before applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
FIG 7.0b is a Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map illustrating health average value after applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
FIG 7.0c illustrates prescription table for health average value after applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention provides a system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV. In particular, the present invention provides customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and customized electric dispenser module for guiding farmers to accurately dispense amount of fertilizer by utilizing an electronic fertilizer dispenser. Hereinafter, this specification will describe the present invention according to the preferred embodiments. It is to be understood that limiting the description to the preferred embodiments of the invention is merely to facilitate discussion of the present invention and it is envisioned without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Reference is first made to FIG. 1.0 and FIG. 1.0a respectively. FIG.1.0 illustrates a GPS guided locator planner which is utilized in the present invention. The GPS guided locator planner is developed with user interface elements such as map coordinate based on mouse cursor position, quick tool menu, a parameter data stream from the GPS and a menu for further actions. The menu is further illustrated in FIG 1.0a. As illustrated in FIG 1.0a, the menu comprises of map control to locate a specified region on the map (102). Specifically, by utilizing map control, user can drag and zoom a map by using mouse and further obtain coordinate input for a specific region. A map polygon drawing menu is used to map and coordinate data array to a polygon line or map the polygon to usable data coordinate (104). Further, by utilizing region import, user can read, parse and store machine language instructions which will further be imported and convert the machine language instructions such as GeoJson data to a map region vector (106). Next, mission region is use to generate a listing table based on region value and parameter (108). Lastly, mission upload is utilized to compile mission region and data to firmware readable format into read and write memory secure digital SD card storage (110). FIG. 1.0b illustrates the parameter data stream from guided locator planner board.
FIG 1.0c and FIG 1.0d illustrates map polygon drawing on the GPS guided locator planner and geometry structure respectively. Map polygon data drawing which is taken from a drone can be converted to usable pixel map data for specific map region matric for further manipulation and optimization. The machine language instructions such as GeoJson can be categorized into two sections which by properties and geometry. For properties, it is based on amount, area, average value and rate. Motor speed control value in present invention can be determined based on two methods. First, rate value from GeoJson file and second is set from software for each region. As for rate value from GeoJson file, it can be determined from GeoJson file upload and setup time. As example, mission with 445 by width x 319 by height in steps /pixels the size of data are 141 955 pixels will translate to 6.78 MB or 6 778 199 bytes of data.
For SD card, the minimum value of byte per file can be set to 1024 byte whereby
141 955 pixels x 1024 byte = 135.36 MB
Therefore, time needed for GeoJson database file transfer can be further determined based on final size and SD card transfer speed where at 300kb the time required is approximately 1 hour 18 minutes.
Reference is now made to FIG. 2.0 to FIG 2.0a which illustrates actual packaging of the computer board of the present invention, actual printed circuit board, PCB assembly respectively. As illustrated in FIG 2.0b, the actual printed circuit board, PCB assembly generally comprising power input for external power such as battery and main power supply. Next, the PCB assembly comprising output channels with four channel of output capable of pulse width modulation, PWM, digital and analog result. Micro USB in the PCB assembly is utilize for data, power and code flash while micro SD card is utilize for mission database storage. Indicator LED is also implemented in the PCB assembly for GPS and board indication. Serial channel in PCB assembly consist of three channel for bootleader, telemetry and GPS communications. In present invention, there is update where several changes has been made. The update plan for guided locator electronic architecture is illustrated in FIG 2.0b.
Based on FIG 2.0b, the guided locator electronic architecture has include at least one battery for main power supply (202), at least one inertia measurement unit known as IMU (204), at least one microcontroller (206), at least one memory card storage (208), at least one global navigation satellite system module known as GNSS module (210) to obtain latitude and longitude coordinate with data from GPS, a global navigation satellite system, GLONASS, GALILEO global navigation satellite system and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, at least one GPS connector for serial and antenna (212, 214) at least one USB connector power and data transmission (216), at least one telemetry channel (218), at least one output connector (220), at least one logic leveller (222), at least one indicator light (224); and at least one power controller (226). Therefore, changes has been made by including indicator lights with controller, GNSS module to get latitude and longitude coordinate, GPS serial connector which provides alternative to external GPS data acquisition and telemetry serial connector. Storage data interface firmware also has been updated by replacing SHP import and extraction to SD card Json mission database for better SD card database. The SD card Json database is an efficient method for low memory SD card reading and handling. Reference is now made to FIG 3.0 which illustrates a GPS guided fertilizer module from front view and back view. Specifically, the GPS guided fertilizer module for fertilizer dispensing (300) comprising at least one GPS module (302), at least one universal serial bus, USB cable port for telemetry (304), at least one mission and GPS status LED (306), at least computer module (308), at least one fertilizer tank (310), at least one main switch and charging port (312), at least one rechargeable battery (314), at least one internal battery level indicator (316), at least one flowrate sensor (318), at least one output (320), at least one electronic speed control (322), at least one electric pump (324), at least one spray nozzle pipe (326), at least one handle (328), at least one liquid hose and power signal cable (330), at least one pump enable switch (332), at least one system status indicator (334), at least one back padding (336), at least one wearable back strap (338) and at least one fertilizer inlet cap (340). The backpack fertilizer dispenser further comprises 4 hours battery endurance for one cycle of battery charge with 10 litre capacity.
Reference is now made to FIG. 4.0 which is a flowchart illustrating the general methodology of fertilizer dispensing based on customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module. The step is initiated by launching a program known as GPS guided locator planner (402). Next, the step is further carried out by importing and converting GeoJson file to map region vector by selecting import region menu (404). Region legend can be view from the software by selecting view menu (406) and mission file can be further generated by selecting generate menu (408). Upon completion of generating mission file, the steps is further carried out by uploading mission file to memory card by selecting upload menu (410). Memory card is first inserted into computer board on fertilizer dispenser (412) before filling up fertilizer mixture in fertilizer dispenser tank (414). The step is further carried out by switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416) and user must wait for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) before the fertilizer system is ready for dispensing the fertilizer based on mapping region (420). FIG 4.0a to FIG 4.0b illustrates steps of import region to load region respectively on GPS guided locator planner.
Reference is now made to FIG 5.0 where upon switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416), GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) must be achieved where it comprises of two indicators namely green for indicating map is loaded and ready for mission (502) and orange for indicating searching GPS satellites (504). GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) further comprising changes of the orange indicator to green indicator for indicating sufficient GPS satellites found and lock (506). The time taken for GPS to achieve 3D lock is approximately less than one minute. System status displayed on the backpack fertilizer dispenser system will provide further assistance to user or farmers on health index of plantation according to user’s location. The status of the system will display states, GPS points, motor speed and flow rate. State will provide information on whether the plants have been sprayed with fertilizer or not. If the plant has been sprayed by fertilizer, it will not trigger the dispenser system. On the other hand, the GPS points will show the number of satellites that are currently connected to the receiver of the system. Motor speed is where it indicates the speed of high pressure pump while the flow rate will indicates a spray rate to the user according to the flow sensor.
Figure 6.0 further illustrates the health status reflected from a Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI. Based on the prescription table in Figure 6.0, the average value represents NDVI number which indicates the health status of the crops. NDVI comprises of its general rule whereby -1 to 0 is indicated as dead plant, 0 to 0.33 is unhealthy, 0.33 to 0.66 is healthy, and 0.66 to 1 is indicated as very healthy plant. In order to measure the efficiency of the system, FIG 6.0a to FIG 6.0f illustrates the results of the plantation with or without fertilizer known as nanofertiliser. Based on results tabulated in FIG 6.0 g and 6.0 h, each zones namely zone A, zone B and zone C carried two samples whereby nanofertiliser is applied alternately. Based on the results, it is proven that the health status of plantation is increased upon dispensing of the fertilizer, nanofertiliser.
Reference is now made to FIG 7.0 to FIG 7.0c which illustrates the map with health average value before and after applying fertilizer dispensing system in overall plantation and prescription table for health average value before and after applying of the fertilizer dispensing system in the overall plantation. Based on FIG 7.0 and FIG 7.0a the Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map illustrates seven zones without application of fertilizer with an average value ranging from -0.36 to 0.32. Similarly with Figure 6.0, the average value represents NDVI number to indicate health status of the crops by referring to the general NDVI rules. Referring to the rules and results from Figure 7.0 and 7.0a, it is found that there are more unhealthy crops compared to the healthy crops. Therefore, upon application of the fertilizer, FIG 7.0b and FIG 7.0c, illustrates the Normalized Vegetation Index, NVDI map with an increasing health average value in all seven zones ranging from -0.13 to 0.41 .The, results from Figure 7.0b and 7.0c shows that the application of the fertilizers are able to promote healthier crops. Hence, the system and method for fertilizer dispensing by utilizing data generated from hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV provides for accurately dispensing of the amount of fertilizer for precision farming.
Throughout this specification, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “comprise”, or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated step or element or integer or group of steps or elements or integers, but not the exclusion of any other step or element or integer or group of steps, elements or integers. Thus, in the context of this specification, the term “comprising” is used in an inclusive sense and thus should be understood as meaning “including principally, but not necessarily solely”.

Claims

1 . A system for fertilizer dispersion based on a customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and electric dispenser module comprising; a GPS guided locator planner for mapping activities on a large scale plantation (100); a guided locator printed circuit board, PCB for interfacing with the GPS guided locator planner (200); and a GPS guided fertilizer module for fertilizer dispensing (300) characterized in that the GPS guided locator planner for mapping activities on a large scale plantation (100) further comprises: at least one map controller to locate a specified region on the map ( 102); at least one map polygon drawing to map coordinate data array to polygon line or vice versa (104); at least one region import to import and convert machine learning instructions representing simple geographical feature to map region vector (106); at least one mission region to generate a listing table based on region value and parameter (108); and at least one mission upload to compile mission region and data to firmware readable format into read and write memory card storage (110).
2. The system according to Claim 1 , wherein the at least one map polygon drawing to map coordinate data array to polygon line or vice versa (104) comprises of polygon vector drawing data from at least one drone.
3. The system according to Claim 1 , wherein the at least one mission region for generating a listing table on region value and parameter comprises: at least one latitude of a region (108a); at least one longitude of a region (108b); at least one altitude of a region (108c); at least one pressure altitude of a region (108d); at least one roll of counter clockwise rotation in x-axis (108e); at least one pitch of counter clockwise rotation in y-axis (108f); at least one yaw of counter clockwise rotation in z-axis (108g); at least one mission data (108h); at least one mission state (108i); and at least one motor speed (108j).
4. The system according to Claim 1 , wherein the guided locator printed circuit board, PCB (200) for interfacing with the GPS guided locator planner comprises: at least one battery for main power supply (202); at least one inertia measurement unit, IMU (204); at least one microcontroller (206); at least one memory card storage (208); at least one global navigation satellite system module, GNSS module (210) to obtain latitude and longitude coordinate with data from a GPS, a global navigation satellite system, GLONASS, GALILEO global navigation satellite system and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System; at least one GPS connector for serial and antenna (212, 214); at least one USB connector power and data transmission (216); at least one telemetry channel (218); at least one output connector (220); at least one logic leveller (222); at least one indicator light (224); and at least one power controller (226).
5. The system according to Claim 1 , wherein a GPS guided fertilizer module for fertilizer dispensing (300) comprises: at least one GPS module (302); at least one universal serial bus ,USB cable port for telemetry (304); at least one mission and GPS status LED (306); at least one computer module (308); at least one fertilizer tank (310); at least one main switch and charging port (312); at least one rechargeable battery (314); at least one internal battery level indicator (316); at least one flowrate sensor (318); at least one output (320); at least one electronic speed control (322); at least one electric pump (324); at least one spray nozzle pipe (326); at least one handle (328); at least one liquid hose and power signal cable (330); at least one pump enable switch (332); at least one system status indicator (334); at least one back padding (336); at least one wearable back strap (338); and at least one fertilizer inlet cap (340). The system according to Claim 1 , wherein a GPS guided fertilizer system for fertilizer dispensing (300) further comprises; at least four hours battery endurance; and at least 10 litre backpack capacity. A method for fertilizer dispersion based on a customized global positioning system, GPS based control module and electric dispenser module comprising steps of: launching GPS guided locator planner software (402); importing and converting GeoJson file to map region vector by selecting import region menu (404); viewing region legend by selecting view menu (406); generating mission file by selecting generate menu (408); uploading mission file to memory card by selecting upload menu (410); inserting memory card into computer board on fertilizer dispenser (412); filling up fertilizer mixture in fertilizer dispenser tank (414); switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416); waiting for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418); and dispensing the fertilizer based on mapping region (420). The method according to Claim 7, wherein switching “ON” fertilizer dispenser system (416) comprising two indicators namely green for indicating map is loaded and ready for mission (502); and orange for indicating searching of GPS satellites (504). The method according to Claim 7, wherein waiting for GPS lock and system data load in fertilizer dispenser system (418) further comprising changing of orange indicator to green indicator for indicating sufficient GPS satellites found and lock (506). Use of GPS guided fertilizer system based on a customized GPS based control module and electric dispenser module for dispensing accurate amount of fertilizer and reducing fertilizer wastage.
PCT/MY2020/050209 2020-08-26 2020-12-31 A system and method for precision farming of landscaping for fertilizer dispersion with organic plant nano-enhancer WO2022045878A1 (en)

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