WO2022042686A1 - 无刷直流电机 - Google Patents

无刷直流电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022042686A1
WO2022042686A1 PCT/CN2021/115035 CN2021115035W WO2022042686A1 WO 2022042686 A1 WO2022042686 A1 WO 2022042686A1 CN 2021115035 W CN2021115035 W CN 2021115035W WO 2022042686 A1 WO2022042686 A1 WO 2022042686A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
brushless
motor
casing
rotor
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PCT/CN2021/115035
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢小五
陈亮
胡国俊
Original Assignee
广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司
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Application filed by 广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司 filed Critical 广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司
Priority to US18/042,896 priority Critical patent/US20230238851A1/en
Priority to EP21860518.6A priority patent/EP4207560A1/en
Publication of WO2022042686A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022042686A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to a brushless DC motor.
  • the motor has a wide range of applications in automobiles.
  • the motor can also be used for the electric drive of various components. For example, the front and rear movement of the vehicle seat and the adjustment of the backrest angle, the opening and closing of the sunroof, the raising and lowering of the window, the opening and closing of the trunk door, etc.
  • the brushless DC motor Different from the brushed DC motor, the brushless DC motor has no commutator, but an electronic commutator replaces the mechanical commutator, so the brushless DC motor not only has the characteristics of good speed regulation performance of the DC motor, but also has the characteristics of AC.
  • the motor has the advantages of simple structure, no commutation sparks, reliable operation and easy maintenance.
  • Chinese patent application CN 104518588 A discloses a brushless DC motor, which is composed of a motor casing, a laminated ferromagnetic yoke, a spool, a coil, a rotor, and the like.
  • the outer surface of the motor casing is circular, forming an accommodating cavity, and a circular rotor cavity is also arranged inside.
  • Chinese utility model patent CN 2066640407 U discloses a brushless DC motor, which includes a stator iron core with a circular outline, and an insulating skeleton and a stator winding are arranged on the stator iron core.
  • the present invention proposes the following technical solutions.
  • a brushless DC motor comprising:
  • a casing one end or both ends of the casing are open, and a accommodating space is formed inside the casing;
  • stator assembly includes a stator and a winding disposed on the stator, the stator assembly is disposed in the accommodating space;
  • a rotor assembly including a rotor connected with an output member to output power
  • the outer contour of the casing of the brushless DC motor includes two parallel straight sides and two circular arc sides.
  • the outer contour of the housing of the brushless DC motor is a symmetrical structure.
  • the present invention also proposes another form of brushless DC motor, including:
  • a casing one end or both ends of the casing are open, and a accommodating space is formed inside the casing;
  • stator assembly includes a stator and a winding disposed on the stator, the stator assembly is disposed in the accommodating space;
  • a rotor assembly including a rotor connected with an output member to output power
  • the outer contour of the casing of the brushless DC motor is a regular hexagon, and the inner contour is also a regular hexagon.
  • the housing of the brushless DC motor is provided with transition fillets at the connection of every two adjacent sides of the regular hexagon.
  • the outer contour of the stator is a regular hexagon, and the outer contour of the stator closely matches the six sides of the inner contour of the housing.
  • each tooth portion includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion, one end of the first extension portion is located at a vertex of the hexagon, and the The vertex extends toward the center of the stator.
  • a second extension part extending to both sides along an extension direction substantially perpendicular to the first extension part.
  • the second extension portion extends in a curved manner, and the shape of the side adjacent to the rotor is an arc.
  • the arc contour of the side adjacent to the rotor of the second extension of the six tooth portions is located on the same circle, and the center of the circle where the arc is located coincides with the center of the hexagon .
  • the six tooth portions are evenly distributed, and the included angle between the first extension portions of two adjacent tooth portions is 60 degrees.
  • the proposed brushless DC motor has a reduced shape compared to the circular brushless DC motor in the prior art, so the volume is smaller, and thus it can adapt to a narrower installation space ; Correspondingly, the weight of the motor is also reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a brushless DC motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the stator of the brushless DC motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the stator of the brushless DC motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of another embodiment of the stator of the brushless DC motor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another structural form of the brushless DC motor of the present invention.
  • a brushless DC motor includes a housing 1 , a stator 2 and a rotor 3 .
  • the casing 1 is preferably made of a metal material, and is a cylindrical or tubular member having an opening at one or both ends. The open end of the housing 1 is closed by an end cap, thereby forming an accommodation space therein.
  • the housing 1 forms a yoke that serves as a magnetic circuit.
  • the housing 1 is a hollow cylinder, and its section perpendicular to the motor shaft is a regular hexagon.
  • transition fillets are provided at each vertex of the regular hexagon, that is, at the connection of every two adjacent sides.
  • Components such as the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are provided in the accommodation space of the housing 1 .
  • the stator 2 is preferably formed by stacking a plurality of stator laminations. With reference to FIG. 2 , it can be seen that, matching the inner contour of the housing 1 , the outer contour of the stator 2 is a regular hexagon. As an optional solution, the six sides of each stator lamination are closely matched with the six sides of the hexagonal structure inside the motor housing, and the six top corners match the corresponding six inner corners inside the motor housing.
  • the stator 2 has six teeth 21 for winding coils, and slots 22 are formed between the teeth 21 .
  • a rotor 3 is provided radially inside the stator 2 .
  • the rotor 3 is made of permanent magnet material and adopts a cylindrical structure.
  • the magnetic poles of the rotor 3 may be 4 poles or 8 poles.
  • a circular cavity is provided inside the rotor 3 to accommodate the motor shaft 4 .
  • the motor shaft 4 and the rotor 3 are connected by an interference fit, so that when the rotor 3 rotates, the motor shaft 4 is driven to rotate to output power.
  • Figure 2 shows a specific embodiment of the stator.
  • one end of each tooth portion of the stator is located at one vertex of the hexagon, and each tooth portion extends from the vertex towards the center of the hexagon.
  • the teeth are The portion of the portion extending from the vertex of the hexagon toward the center is defined as the first extension portion.
  • On the side of the first extension part close to the center of the stator there is a second extension part extending to both sides along an extension direction substantially perpendicular to the first extension part.
  • the second extension preferably extends in a curved manner, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 , in an arc in the shape of the side adjacent to the rotor, the center of which coincides with the center of the hexagon. More preferably, the arcuate profiles of the side adjacent to the rotor of the second extension of the six teeth are located on the same circle.
  • the six teeth are evenly distributed, and the included angle between the first extension parts of two adjacent teeth is 60 degrees.
  • the casing of the brushless DC motor in the present invention adopts a hexagonal structure, so compared with the brushless DC motor with a circular casing in the prior art, the volume of the motor is smaller, This makes it easier to install in tight spaces on the vehicle.
  • the brushless DC motor takes the form of a three-phase brushless motor, which can make the NVH of the motor better through six-step square wave or three-phase sinusoidal control.
  • FIG. 3 shows one particular dimensioning of the stator of FIG. 2 .
  • the width of the first extension part—also called tooth width—A is set to be greater than or equal to 1.0 mm; and the depth B of the tooth groove is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm.
  • the thickness C of each side of the stator 2 is preferably greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the distance D between the second extensions of two adjacent teeth—also referred to as the slot width—is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.
  • the width E across the outer contour of the stator 2 is preferably 32 mm, and the diameter F of the circle enclosed by the arc contour of the side adjacent to the rotor of the second extension of the six tooth slots is 20.7 mm, the tooth width A is 3.0 mm, the cogging depth B is 3.9 mm, the thickness C of the side of the stator is 1.2 mm, and the slot width D is 2.0 mm.
  • Figure 4 shows a specific embodiment of the stator.
  • the teeth of the stator are all located on the sides of the hexagon instead of the vertices.
  • the teeth are located at the midpoint of the edge.
  • Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the outer contour of the motor is not a hexagonal structure, but a combination of arcs and line segments. Specifically, the outer contour of the motor is a combination of two arcs and two line segments, wherein the two line segments are parallel to each other, and the outer contour of the motor is a symmetrical structure.
  • the two flat surfaces of the outer contour of the motor can be used as installation surfaces. Compared with a circular motor of the same power, this mounting surface can also reduce the size of the motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种无刷直流电机，包括：壳体，所述壳体的一端或者两端开口，在所述壳体的内部形成容纳空间；定子组件，所述定子组件包括定子以及设置在定子上的绕组，所述定子组件设置于所述容纳空间中；转子组件，所述转子组件包括转子，所述转子与输出部件连接，从而输出动力；所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓包括两条平行的直边以及两个圆弧边，或者所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓为正六边形，内轮廓也为正六边形。本发明提出的无刷直流电机拥有安装尺寸小，重量轻，噪音低，振动小等显著特点，能够满足汽车等领域对于该领域电机日益关注的小体积、轻量化、NVH低等要求。

Description

无刷直流电机 技术领域
本发明属于电机技术领域，具体涉及一种无刷直流电机。
背景技术
电机作为重要的原动机，在汽车上具有广泛的应用。除了作为动力源直接驱动车辆行驶的动力电机外，电机还可以用于各类部件的电驱动。例如，车辆座椅的前后移动以及靠背角度的调节、天窗的开闭、车窗的升降、后备厢门的开闭等。
在车辆上广泛应用的一类电机是无刷直流电机。与有刷直流电机不同，无刷直流电机没有换向器，而是以电子换向器取代了机械换向器，所以无刷直流电机既具有直流电机良好的调速性能等特点，又具有交流电机结构简单、无换向火花、运行可靠和易于维护等优点。
例如，中国专利申请CN 104518588 A公开了一种无刷直流电机，具有电机机壳、层叠铁磁轭、线轴、线圈、转子等组成。电机机壳的外表面呈圆形，形成容纳空腔，且内部还设置有圆形的转子腔。又如，中国实用新型专利CN 2066640407 U公开了一种无刷直流电机，包括圆形轮廓的定子铁芯，在定子铁芯上设置有绝缘骨架和定子绕组。
然而，对于在车辆上应用的无刷直流电机而言，由于安装空间的限制、车辆NVH的要求等，对电机的小型化及性能的提高等仍然存在进一步的需求。
发明内容
为了在一定程度上解决上述技术问题，本发明提出了以下技术方案。
一种无刷直流电机，包括：
壳体，所述壳体的一端或者两端开口，在所述壳体的内部形成容纳空间；
定子组件，所述定子组件包括定子以及设置在定子上的绕组，所述定子组件设置于所述容纳空间中；
转子组件，所述转子组件包括转子，所述转子与输出部件连接，从而输出动力；
所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓包括两条平行的直边以及两个圆弧边。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓为对称结构。
本发明还提出了另一种形式的无刷直流电机，包括：
壳体，所述壳体的一端或者两端开口，在所述壳体的内部形成容纳空间；
定子组件，所述定子组件包括定子以及设置在定子上的绕组，所述定子组件设置于所述容纳空间中；
转子组件，所述转子组件包括转子，所述转子与输出部件连接，从而输出动力；
所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓为正六边形，内轮廓也为正六边形。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述无刷直流电机的壳体在正六边形的每两个相邻边的连接处设置有过渡圆角。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述定子的外轮廓为正六边形，且所述定子的外轮廓与所述壳体的内轮廓的六条边紧密配合。
根据本发明的一个方面，所述具有多个齿部，每个齿部均包括第一延伸部和第二延伸部，所述第一延伸部的一端都位于六边形的一个顶点，并且从该顶点向定子的中心延伸。
根据本发明的一个方面，在第一延伸部的靠近定子中心的一侧，具有沿着大致垂直于第一延伸部的延伸方向向两侧延伸的第二延伸部。
根据本发明的一个方面，第二延伸部以弯曲的方式延伸，与转子相邻的一侧的形状为弧形。
根据本发明的一个方面，六个齿部的第二延伸部的与转子相邻的一侧的弧形轮廓位于同一个圆上，且该弧形所在的圆的圆心与六边形的中心重合。
根据本发明的一个方面，六个齿部均匀分布，相邻两个齿部的第一延伸部之间的夹角为60度。
根据本发明的上述技术方案，所提出的无刷直流电机具有相比于现有技术中的圆形无刷直流电机具有减小了的外形，因此体积更小，从而能够适应更狭小的安装空间；相应地，电机的重量也得以减轻。
附图说明
参考附图描述本发明的示例性实施例，其中：
图1是本发明的无刷直流电机的剖面图。
图2是本发明的无刷直流电机的定子一个实施例的正视图。
图3是本发明的无刷直流电机的定子一个具体实施例的示意图。
图4是与本发明的无刷直流电机的定子另一个实施例的正视图。
图5是本发明的无刷直流电机的另一种结构形式的示意图。
所有附图都只是示意性的，而且并不一定按比例绘制，此外它们仅示出为了阐明本发明而必需的那些部分，其他部分被省略或仅仅提及。即，除附图中所示出的部件外，本发明还可以包括其他部件。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
如图1所示，作为本发明的一个实施例，无刷直流电机包括壳体1、定子2以及转子3。壳体1优选采用金属材料，并且为一端或者两端具有开口的筒状或者管状部件。壳体1的开口端通过端盖封闭，从而在其内部形成容纳空间。壳体1形成轭铁，用作磁路。
作为本发明的一个实施例，壳体1为空心筒体，其垂直于电机轴的截面为正六边形。优选地，在正六边形的各个顶点处、即每两个相邻边的连接处设置有过渡圆角。
在壳体1的容纳空间内设置有定子2和转子3等部件。
定子2优选地由多个定子叠片堆叠而成。结合图2可以看出，与壳体1的内轮廓相匹配，定子2的外轮廓为正六边形。作为一种可选方案，各个定子叠片的六条边分别与电机壳体内部六边形结构部位的六条边紧密配合，六个顶角与电机壳体内部相应六个内角相匹配。定子2具有六个齿部21，该齿部用于缠绕线圈，在各个齿部21之间形成有齿槽22。
在定子2的径向内部设置有转子3。转子3由永磁材料制成，采用圆柱体结构。转子3的磁极可以是4极，也可以是8极。在转子3的内部设置有圆形空腔，以便容纳电机轴4。电机轴4与转子3之间采用过盈配合连接，从而当转子3转动时带动电机轴4旋转，以输出动力。
图2示出了定子的一种特定的实施例。在图2中可以清楚地看出，定子的每个齿部的一端都位于六边形的一个顶点，并且每个齿部都从该顶点处向着六边形的中心延伸，在此，将齿部的从六边形的顶点向中心延伸的部分定义为第一延伸部。在第一延伸部的靠近定子中心的一侧，具有沿着大致垂直于第一延伸部的延伸方向向两侧延伸的第二延伸部。第二延伸部优选地以弯曲的方式延伸，例如如图2中所示的以与转子相邻的一侧的形状为弧形的方式延伸，该弧形的圆心与六边形的中心重合。更优选地，六个齿部的第二延伸部的与转子相邻的一侧的弧形轮廓位于同一个圆上。
作为优选的实施方式，六个齿均匀分布，相邻两个齿的第一延伸部之间的夹角为60度。
由图1和图2可知，本发明中的无刷直流电机外壳采用了六边形结构，因此相比于现有技术中的圆形外壳的无刷直流电机而言，电机的体积更小，因此在车辆上的狭小空间上安装时更为容易。
此外，无刷直流电机采用三相无刷电机的形式，通过六步方波或三相正弦控制，能够使电机的NVH更好。
图3示出了图2中的定子的一种特定的尺寸设置。作为一种具体的实施方式，优选地，该第一延伸部的宽度——也称为齿宽——A的尺寸设置为大于或等于1.0mm；而齿槽的深度B大于或等于1.5mm。定子2的各个边的厚度C优选为大于或等于0.5mm，而相邻的两个齿部的第二延伸部之间的距离D——也称为槽口宽度——大于或等于0.3mm。
作为一种具体的实施方式，定子2的外轮廓的对边宽度E优选为32mm，而六个齿槽的第二延伸部的与转子相邻的一侧的弧形轮廓围成的圆直径F为20.7mm，齿宽A为3.0mm，齿槽深度B为3.9mm，定子的边的厚度C为1.2mm，槽口宽度D为2.0mm。
图4示出了定子的一种特定的实施例。与图2中的实施例的区别之处在于，定子的齿部都位于六边形的边上，而非顶点处。优选地，齿部位于边的中点处。
图5示出了本发明的另一个实施例。从图5中可以看出，该电机的外轮廓并非为六边形结构，而是为圆弧与线段的组合。具体地，该电机的外轮廓为两段圆弧与两条线段的组合，其中，两条线段彼此平行，电机的外轮廓为对称结构。在安装时，电机外轮廓的两个平面可以作为安装面。相对于同样功率的圆形的电机，这种安装面同样能够减小电机尺寸。
参考以上的示意性实施例已经对本发明做出了清楚、完整的说明，本领域技术人员应当理解的是，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，通过对所公开的技术方案的修改可以设想各种其它的实施例。这些实施例应当被理解成落在本发明的基于权利要求和其任何等同技术方案所确定的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无刷直流电机，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体的一端或者两端开口，在所述壳体的内部形成容纳空间；
    定子组件，所述定子组件包括定子以及设置在定子上的绕组，所述定子组件设置于所述容纳空间中；
    转子组件，所述转子组件包括转子，所述转子与输出部件连接，从而输出动力；
    其特征在于，
    所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓包括两条平行的直边以及两个圆弧边。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓为对称结构。
  3. 一种无刷直流电机，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体的一端或者两端开口，在所述壳体的内部形成容纳空间；
    定子组件，所述定子组件包括定子以及设置在定子上的绕组，所述定子组件设置于所述容纳空间中；
    转子组件，所述转子组件包括转子，所述转子与输出部件连接，从而输出动力；
    其特征在于，
    所述无刷直流电机的壳体的外轮廓为正六边形，内轮廓也为正六边形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述无刷直流电机的壳体在正六边形的每两个相邻边的连接处设置有过渡圆角。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    所述定子的外轮廓为正六边形，且所述定子的外轮廓与所述壳体的内 轮廓的六条边紧密配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，所述具有多个齿部，每个齿部均包括第一延伸部和第二延伸部，所述第一延伸部的一端都位于六边形的一个顶点，并且从该顶点向定子的中心延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    在第一延伸部的靠近定子中心的一侧，具有沿着大致垂直于第一延伸部的延伸方向向两侧延伸的第二延伸部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    第二延伸部以弯曲的方式延伸，与转子相邻的一侧的形状为弧形。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    六个齿部的第二延伸部的与转子相邻的一侧的弧形轮廓位于同一个圆上，且该弧形所在的圆的圆心与六边形的中心重合。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9中任一项所述的一种无刷直流电机，其特征在于，
    六个齿部均匀分布，相邻两个齿部的第一延伸部之间的夹角为60度。
PCT/CN2021/115035 2020-08-31 2021-08-27 无刷直流电机 WO2022042686A1 (zh)

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