WO2022042216A1 - 一种基于mpc的风氢耦合系统分层协调控制方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种基于mpc的风氢耦合系统分层协调控制方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
仿真时长/s | 1200 | 优化时域/s | 10 |
电解槽单体容量/kW | 300 | 控制时域/s | 1 |
轮换时间/s | 300 | 电解槽单体数量/个 | 4 |
Claims (10)
- 一种基于MPC的风氢耦合系统分层协调控制方法,其特征在于,该方法包括如下步骤:(1)将风氢耦合系统划分为上层并网控制和下层电解槽控制;(2)上层并网控制采用MPC控制算法控制并网功率跟踪风功率预测曲线,同时得到用于下层电解槽控制的电解槽功率控制量;(3)将电解槽单体的运行状态划分为额定功率运行、波动功率运行、过载功率运行和停机四种运行状态;(4)基于电解槽功率控制量采用时间-功率双线轮换控制策略确定各电解槽单体的运行状态使得电解槽单体轮流运行在四种运行状态之一。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于MPC的风氢耦合系统分层协调控制方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)具体为:(21)构建基于动态矩阵控制的预测模型:x(k)为状态量,u(k)为控制输入,d(k)为扰动,y(k)为输出,A、B u、B d、C、D为系数矩阵,具体为:其中,k为采样时刻,P G(k)表示并网功率,P(k)表示储氢罐的压力,P el(k)表示电解槽功率控制量,P W(k)表示风电场风机功率,η表示电解槽消耗的电能转化为一定量体积氢能的转化效率,T为采样时间间隔,V为储氢罐的容积,p 0为标准大气压,p 0=0.1MPa;(22)构建约束:P elmin<P el(k)<P elmax,P min<P(k)<P max,P elmin为电解槽阵列最小功率,P elmax为电解槽阵列最大功率,P min为储氢罐系统 最小压力,P max为储氢罐系统最大压力;(23)构建目标函数:其中,P表示动态矩阵控制的预测长度,M表示动态矩阵控制的控制长度,P′ W(k+i)表示风功率预测曲线中k+i时刻风功率预测值,PG(k+i|k)表示k预测时刻预测输出的k+i时刻的并网功率,ΔP el(k+j-1)表示k+j-1时刻电解槽功率控制量增量,q i、r j分别为从k时刻起的第i时刻误差输出权重系数和控制增量权重系数;(24)根据预测模型和约束条件,求出使得目标函数最优的M个电解槽功率控制量增量,基于第一个控制增量得到用于下层电解槽控制的电解槽功率控制量。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于MPC的风氢耦合系统分层协调控制方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)具体为:(41)将电解槽阵列中的电解槽单体依次排序,确定轮换周期,每一轮换周期到达时调整电解槽单体排列顺序;(42)在每个轮换周期初始时刻,根据电解槽功率控制量确定运行于四种运行状态的电解槽单体的数量,按照当前电解槽单体排列顺序从位于首位的电解槽单体开始向后依次分配各电解槽单体的运行状态,在轮换周期时间段内,当电解槽功率控制量发生波动,则根据当前电解槽功率控制量确定运行于四种运行状态的电解槽单体的数量,以上一时刻处于波动功率运行状态的电解槽单体为基准,将上一时刻处于波动功率运行状态的电解槽单体仍然配置为波动功率运行状态,同时向前依次配置各电解槽单体的运行状态直至到达首位电解槽单体后从末位电解槽单体向前继续依次配置各电解槽单体的工作状态直至到达处于波动功率运行状态的电解槽单体。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种风电制氢碱性电解槽阵列配置及优化控制方法,其特征在于,步骤(41)调整电解槽单体排列顺序的具体方式为:将上一轮轮换周期中位于首位的电解槽单体移动至末位。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种风电制氢碱性电解槽阵列配置及优化控制方法,其特征在于,步骤(42)每个轮换周期初始时刻以及轮换周期时间段内确定电解槽 单体的数量具体方式为:(421)根据电解槽功率控制量P el和电解槽阵列实际配置容量P pz确定电解槽阵列是否处于过载状态,若P el≤P pz则未过载,执行步骤(422),否则过载,执行步骤(423),其中P pz=nP e,P e电解槽单体额定功率,n为电解槽单体配置总数量;(422)根据电解槽功率控制量P el确定配置为额定功率运行状态的电解槽单体个数N 11、配置为波动功率运行状态的电解槽单体的个数N 12以及配置为停机运行状态的电解槽单体的个数N 13,满足N 11+N 12+N 13=n;(423)根据电解槽功率控制量P el确定配置为过载功率运行状态的电解槽单体个数N 21、配置为波动功率运行状态的电解槽单体的个数N 22以及配置为额定功率运行状态的电解槽单体的个数N 23,满足N 21+N 22+N 23=n。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种风电制氢碱性电解槽阵列配置及优化控制方法,其特征在于,步骤(42)每个轮换周期初始时刻分配电解槽单体的运行状态具体为:若处于未过载状态,则按照当前电解槽单体排列顺序,从首位电解槽单体开始向后依次配置N 11个电解槽单体运行于额定功率运行状态、N 12个电解槽单体运行 于波动功率运行状态、N 13个电解槽单体运行于停机运行状态;若处于过载状态,则按照当前电解槽单体排列顺序,从首位电解槽单体开始向后依次配置N 21个电解槽单体运行于过载功率运行状态、N 22个电解槽单体运行于波动功率运行状态、N 23个电解槽单体运行于额定功率运行状态。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种风电制氢碱性电解槽阵列配置及优化控制方法,其特征在于,步骤(42)在轮换周期时间段内以上一时刻处于波动功率运行状态的电解槽单体为基准向前配置各电解槽单体的运行状态具体为:若处于未过载状态下,按照如下方式配置额定运行状态和停机运行状态的电解槽单体:依次交替配置额定运行状态和停机运行状态下的电解槽单体直至额定运行状态或停机运行状态中的一种运行状态配置完毕后依次配置未配置完成的另一种运行状态;若处于过载状态下,按照如下方式配置额定运行状态和过载运行状态的电解槽单体:依次交替配置额定运行状态和过载运行状态下的电解槽单体直至额定运行状态或过载运行状态中的一种运行状态配置完毕后依次配置另一种运行状态。
- 一种基于MPC的风氢耦合系统分层协调控制装置,其特征在于,该装置包括存储器和处理器,所述的存储器用于存储计算机程序,所述的处理器用于当执行所述的计算机程序时实现如权利要求1~9任意一项所述的风电制氢碱性电解槽阵列配置及优化控制方法。
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