WO2022041555A1 - 一种用于x射线牙片机的束光器 - Google Patents

一种用于x射线牙片机的束光器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022041555A1
WO2022041555A1 PCT/CN2020/134207 CN2020134207W WO2022041555A1 WO 2022041555 A1 WO2022041555 A1 WO 2022041555A1 CN 2020134207 W CN2020134207 W CN 2020134207W WO 2022041555 A1 WO2022041555 A1 WO 2022041555A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ray
shading
visible light
beamer
light
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/134207
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩方凯
李珏
Original Assignee
韩方凯
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010899150.6A external-priority patent/CN111870272A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010897300.XA external-priority patent/CN111870271A/zh
Application filed by 韩方凯 filed Critical 韩方凯
Publication of WO2022041555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022041555A1/zh
Priority to US18/114,801 priority Critical patent/US20230277143A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/06—Diaphragms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/08—Auxiliary means for directing the radiation beam to a particular spot, e.g. using light beams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/51—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/51—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry
    • A61B6/512—Intraoral means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial imaging, and in particular, to a beamer for an X-ray dental tablet machine and a method for using the same.
  • beams are visible, which, as the name suggests, functions to shrink the beam.
  • the actual function is to first turn on the light on the beamer, and adjust the knobs in the two directions of the beamer that are perpendicular to each other, so that the visible light of the beamer is irradiated on the film box of the machine, so that the size of the visible light field or light field is just right. It is the same size as the film, and then you can shoot.
  • this light field plays the role of simulating the invisible X-ray irradiation field.
  • this technical method is missing.
  • the angle bisector projection technology is the most commonly used clinical projection technology.
  • the angle bisector is theoretically established.
  • the center line is not perpendicular to the tooth long axis and the film (image imaging plate), but adjusts the direction of the X-ray center line according to an imaginary angle bisector, which is often inaccurate, and the captured tooth images are often distorted and deformed.
  • the specific spatial position of the angle bisector is ambiguous and undeterminable; in the projection direction and fixed-point positioning projection, textbooks and health industry standards refer to the body surface marks of the patient's facial soft tissue. There are too many suspicious points and uncertainties in the body surface markers.
  • the centerline of the X-ray should be as parallel as possible to the tangent to the interproximal surface of the tooth being examined.
  • the word "as far as possible” in it shows its doubts and inaccuracies. There is also too much room for error in the projection process.
  • the other is the parallel projection technology.
  • the parallel projection technology When the parallel projection technology is adopted, the center line of the X-ray is perpendicular to the surface of the film, and is no longer perpendicular to the line imaginary according to the angle dividing angle technology. Therefore, it is easy to be technically guaranteed.
  • the parallel projection technology also has theoretical perfection. There are many frustrations in the implementation. It is limited by the patient's oral volume and cannot be operated.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the radiation range is much larger than the area required to be photographed when photographing against teeth, causing additional unnecessary X-ray exposure to surrounding human tissues.
  • one aspect of the present invention provides a beamer for an X-ray dental tablet machine, comprising: a casing, the casing has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, the first end of the casing is One end is provided with a light outlet, and the second end of the casing is fixed to the X-ray tablet machine to form an optical channel, so that the X-rays emitted by the X-ray tablet machine can be emitted from the light outlet along the optical channel; the fixing device, the A fixing device is arranged at the second end of the casing, and the casing is detachably fixed to the shading cylinder of the X-ray dental film machine through the fixing device; a visible light source, the visible light source is located in the casing and is configured to emit visible light; a window Part, the window part is arranged at the first end of the housing, and is configured to transmit visible light and X-rays, so that visible light projection and X-ray irradiation can be
  • the visible light source is located on the inner wall of the casing.
  • the center of the window member is provided with a shading mark, and the shading mark is used to identify the visible light projection area.
  • the reflector is made of X-ray transmissive material.
  • the reflector forms an included angle of 45° with the longitudinal axis of the light channel.
  • the position of the virtual image formed by the visible light source through the reflector is coincident with the position of the X-ray light source of the X-ray dental machine in the longitudinal axis direction of the light channel.
  • the adjusting device is configured to be able to change the size and/or shape of the light outlet defined by the shading member.
  • the visible light source is an LED lamp.
  • the fixing device is configured to be able to be connected to the outer periphery of the shading cylinder of the X-ray dental machine by means of a socket.
  • the fixing device is configured to be connected to the bottom of the shading cylinder of the X-ray dental machine by means of magnetic adsorption.
  • the shading member further includes a first shading block group and a second shading block group arranged orthogonally to each other, and the first shading block group includes a pair of oppositely arranged first shading blocks and a second shading block.
  • the set includes a pair of oppositely disposed second shade blocks, and wherein the adjustment means is configured to control movement of the pair of first shade blocks relative to each other and to control movement of the pair of second shade blocks relative to each other.
  • the shading member further includes a fixed portion and a movable portion, and wherein the fixed portion is provided in a ring shape, and the movable portion includes a plurality of shading blocks, each of which is pivotally connected to the plurality of shading blocks.
  • the fixed portion is uniformly arranged around the center of the fixed portion, and the adjustment device is configured to control movement of the plurality of shutter blocks between a closed state and an expanded state.
  • a switch for turning on or off the visible light source is also provided on the housing.
  • an infrared sensing device is also provided on the casing, and the infrared sensing device is configured to sense the object to be photographed, so as to correspondingly control the opening or closing of the visible light source.
  • an X-ray dental tablet machine comprising: an X-ray light source; a body for accommodating the X-ray light source; Outside the fuselage; a beamer, the beamer includes a casing, the casing has a first end and a second end arranged oppositely, the first end of the casing is provided with a light outlet, and the second end of the casing is provided Fixed to the shading cylinder to form an optical channel, so that the X-rays emitted by the X-ray light source can be emitted from the light outlet along the optical channel; a fixing device, the fixing device is arranged at the second end of the housing, and the housing is detachable through the fixing device fixed to the shading cylinder; a visible light source located within the housing and configured to emit visible light; a window member disposed at the first end of the housing and configured to transmit visible light and X-rays, Enables visible light projection and X-ray irradiation on the object to be photographed; a reflector,
  • the visible light source is located on the inner wall of the casing.
  • the center of the window member is provided with a shading mark, and the shading mark is used to identify the visible light projection area.
  • the reflector is made of X-ray transmissive material.
  • the reflector forms an included angle of 45° with the longitudinal axis of the light channel.
  • the position of the virtual image formed by the visible light source through the reflector is coincident with the position of the X-ray light source of the X-ray dental machine in the longitudinal axis direction of the light channel.
  • the shading member further includes an adjustment device disposed on the housing, and is configured to change the size of the light outlet defined by the shading member through the adjustment device.
  • the shading member further includes a first shading block group and a second shading block group arranged orthogonally to each other, and the first shading block group includes a pair of oppositely arranged first shading blocks and a second shading block.
  • the set includes a pair of oppositely disposed second shade blocks, and wherein the adjustment means is configured to control movement of the pair of first shade blocks relative to each other and to control movement of the pair of second shade blocks relative to each other.
  • the shading member further includes a fixed portion and a movable portion, and wherein the fixed portion is provided in a ring shape, and the movable portion includes a plurality of shading blocks, each of which is pivotally connected to the plurality of shading blocks.
  • the fixed portion is uniformly arranged around the center of the fixed portion, and the adjustment device is configured to control movement of the plurality of shutter blocks between a closed state and an expanded state.
  • an infrared sensing device is also provided on the casing, and the infrared sensing device is configured to sense the person to be photographed, so as to correspondingly control the opening or closing of the visible light source.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a beamer for an X-ray dental tablet machine, comprising the following steps:
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for using an X-ray dental tablet machine, comprising the following steps:
  • the length of the shading cylinder of the dental tablet machine should not be less than 20cm, the diameter of the useful wire bundle at the end should not be greater than 7cm, and the tube wall should be protected by 0.5mm lead equivalent.
  • the number of scattered rays is significant. It also highlights the importance of limiting the exposure field.
  • the invention can effectively adjust the light beam under the instruction of visible light to block and filter X-rays to limit the irradiation field and avoid unnecessary unnecessary irradiation. In line with the internationally accepted principle of radiation dose optimization.
  • the X-ray of the dental tablet machine can be effectively bundled, and the beam device can be adjusted to locate the X-ray irradiation area under the guidance of visible light. Build a more accurate projection system.
  • the visible light field and the X-ray irradiation field can be integrated by the beamer, and the irradiation range and the irradiation area can be adjusted synchronously. Make the projection accurate and the equipment easy to operate.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external square beam optical device three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the external square beam optical device of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an X-ray dental tablet machine external square beam light device of the present application sleeved on the outer periphery of the dental tablet machine shading cylinder;
  • Fig. 4 is the principle schematic diagram of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external beam light device of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external type circular beam light device three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present application
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of the external circular beam light device of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external circular beamer of the present application sleeved on the outer periphery of the dental tablet machine shading cylinder;
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of a shading plate and a schematic diagram of a projection light field in a closed state of an external circular beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application;
  • Fig. 8b is a schematic diagram of a shading plate of an external circular beam light device of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application and a schematic diagram of a projection light field in an unfolded state.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a built-in square beam optical device of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic view of filming of the built-in square beam optical device of a kind of X-ray dental film machine of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematic diagram of a built-in square beam optical device of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a kind of beam box structure schematic diagram of the built-in square beam optical device of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a built-in circular beam light device of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of the filming of a built-in circular beamer of an X-ray dental film machine of the present application
  • 15 is a schematic perspective view of a built-in circular beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 is a kind of beam box structure schematic diagram of the built-in circular beam light device of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine of the present application;
  • the present disclosure relates to a beamer used for an X-ray dental film machine when apical film is projected.
  • the X-ray irradiation field is indicated in advance through the visible light field, and the size and range of the X-ray irradiation field can be adjusted.
  • the X-ray dental film machine is a method of putting specially made dental films into the oral cavity, so that X-rays are injected from the face into the mouth, through the gums and alveolar bone and other tissues to reach the dental film for photography.
  • the output power of this kind of machine is small, and the radiation field used by the X-ray dental tablet machine is very small.
  • the X-ray dental film machine is usually combined with the head. After the patient's position is fixed, only moving the head can project any tooth in a reasonable direction.
  • the X-ray dental film machine can also use a hand-held body, and the head and the shading cylinder are arranged in one piece, which can project any teeth in a reasonable direction.
  • the shape of the shading cylinder is a cylindrical or conical metal cylinder, and some are also lined with thin lead sheets to increase the effect of shading protection.
  • the irradiation field is generally circular.
  • the beamer for the X-ray machine is external to the shading barrel of the X-ray machine.
  • Forms of beamers include square beamers and circular beamers.
  • the square beam light can form a square or rectangular size-adjustable visible light field and X-ray field
  • the circular beam light can form a circular size-adjustable visible light field and X-ray field to suit different sizes of film .
  • an external square beam beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine includes a casing 3, a fixing device, a visible light source 12 (shown in Fig. 4), a window member, and a reflector 13 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4). 4) and shading parts.
  • the fixing device includes a fixing ring 4 , and the fixing ring 4 is fixed on one side of the casing 3 ; the window part includes a light field window 7 , and the light field window 7 is arranged on the other side of the casing 3 opposite to the fixing ring 4 .
  • One side is used as the light outlet, and one side of the casing 3 is fixed on the X-ray tablet machine through the fixing ring 4 to form an optical channel.
  • the X-ray emitted by the X-ray tablet machine is emitted from the light outlet through the optical channel.
  • the visible light is transmitted through the light field window 7 and projected on the patient's face as a projection light field with a cross center, which can be used to determine the center of the projection light field. point.
  • the fixing ring 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the thread shielding cylinder 10 of the dental tablet machine, and is fixedly connected with the thread shielding barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine.
  • the fixing ring 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the shading cylinder 10 of the dental chip machine by means of screw fixing.
  • the fixing ring 4 can be fixed on the outer circumference of the shroud barrel 10 of the dental chip machine by adjusting the tightness of the knob 5 .
  • the fixing ring 4 is fixed on the casing 3 by tightening the screws 6 .
  • the fixing ring 4 can also be sleeved on the outer periphery of the shroud barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine by means of a buckle or a circlip, or can be fixed by an elastic member (such as a rubber piece) to be sleeved on the shroud of the dental tablet machine.
  • the outer circumference of the spool 10 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the shading cylinder 10 of the dental chip machine by means of screw fixing.
  • the fixing ring 4 can be fixed on the outer circumference of the shroud barrel 10 of the dental chip machine by adjusting the tightness of
  • a visible light source 12 and a reflector 13 are arranged inside the casing 3, and the reflector 13 forms an included angle ⁇ of 45° with the longitudinal axis L of the light channel (the central axis of the casing 3). 13 reflects the visible light emitted by the visible light source 12 toward the direction of the light domain window 7 .
  • the reflector 13 is made of an X-ray transmissive material.
  • the visible light source 12 is an LED lamp bead, and the lamp bead is a cold light source to reduce heat generation.
  • an upper and lower light field adjustment knob 1 and a left and right light field adjustment knob 2 are provided outside the casing 3 as adjustment devices for the shading components.
  • the shading member includes a shading plate 14 .
  • the shading plate 14 is arranged inside the casing 3 and is located on the inner front side of the light field window 7 .
  • the lower light field adjustment knob 1 is used to control the movement of the upper and lower shading plates 14
  • the left and right light field adjustment knob 2 is used to control the movement of the left and right shading plates 14 .
  • Visible light and X-rays are first irradiated on the shading plate 14 , and then irradiated on the light field window 7 .
  • the knob can be adjusted according to actual needs to control the size and range of the projection light field.
  • the projected light field of the visible light passing through the light field window 7 is a square or a rectangle.
  • the visor 14 is made of a material that is opaque to visible light and X-rays.
  • an infrared sensing device 9 is also provided on the same side of the housing 3 as the optical field window 7.
  • the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube are caused by the human body.
  • the hand or body blocks the reflection to the infrared receiving tube.
  • the signal is sent, and the lamp bead receives the signal to instruct to turn on the lamp bead to emit light.
  • the lamp bead does not receive the signal, and the lamp bead does not receive the signal. glow.
  • the range of the infrared sensing area is 20cm in front, and the length of one signal transmission is 30 seconds. After the signal is interrupted, the signal can be sent again by re-sensing.
  • an external circular beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine includes a casing 3, a fixing device, a visible light source 12 (shown in FIG. 4 ), a window member, and a reflector 13 (shown in FIG. 7 ). shown) and shaded parts.
  • the fixing device includes a fixing ring 4 , and the fixing ring 4 is fixed on one side of the casing 3 ; the window part includes a light field window 7 , and the light field window 7 is arranged on the other side of the casing 3 opposite to the fixing ring 4 .
  • One side is used as the light outlet, and one side of the casing 3 is fixed on the X-ray tablet machine through the fixing ring 4 to form an optical channel.
  • the X-ray emitted by the X-ray tablet machine is emitted from the light outlet through the optical channel.
  • the visible light is transmitted through the light field window 7 and projected on the patient's face as a projection light field with a cross center, which can be used to determine the center of the projection light field. point.
  • the fixing ring 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the thread shielding cylinder 10 of the dental tablet machine, and is fixedly connected with the thread shielding barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine.
  • the fixing ring 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the shading cylinder 10 of the dental chip machine by means of screw fixing.
  • the fixing ring 4 can be fixed on the outer circumference of the shroud barrel 10 of the dental chip machine by adjusting the tightness of the knob 5 .
  • the fixing ring 4 is fixed on the casing 3 by tightening the screws 6 .
  • the fixing ring 4 can also be sleeved on the outer periphery of the shroud barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine by means of a buckle or a circlip, or can be fixed by an elastic member (such as a rubber piece) to be sleeved on the shroud of the dental tablet machine.
  • the outer circumference of the spool 10 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the shading cylinder 10 of the dental chip machine by means of screw fixing.
  • the fixing ring 4 can be fixed on the outer circumference of the shroud barrel 10 of the dental chip machine by adjusting the tightness of
  • a visible light source 12 and a reflective plate 13 are arranged inside the casing 3.
  • the longitudinal axis L of the light channel of the reflective plate 13 (the central axis of the casing 3) forms an included angle ⁇ of 45°, and the reflective plate 13
  • the visible light emitted by the visible light source 12 is reflected toward the direction of the light field window 7 .
  • the reflector 13 is made of an X-ray transmissive material.
  • the visible light source 12 is an LED lamp bead, and the lamp bead is a cold light source to reduce heat generation.
  • a light range adjusting rod 15 is provided outside the housing 3 as an adjusting device for the shading member.
  • the shading member includes a shading plate 14 , and the shading plate 14 is disposed inside the housing 3 and located on the inner front side of the light field viewing window 7 . Visible light and X-rays are first irradiated on the shading plate 14 , and then irradiated on the light field window 7 . When in use, the knob can be adjusted according to actual needs to control the size and range of the projection light field.
  • the projected light field of the visible light passing through the light field window 7 is circular.
  • the visor 14 is made of a material that is opaque to visible light and X-rays.
  • the shutter 14 further includes a shutter fixing part 14a and a shutter movable part 14b.
  • the movement of the shutter movable portion 14b is controlled by rotating the light field adjustment lever 15 .
  • the movable part 14b of the visor moves out from the fixed part 14a of the visor, and is projected onto the patient's face through the visor 14 (the projection plate 21 simulates the patient's face).
  • the projected light field 22 becomes smaller (Fig. 8a).
  • the light field adjustment lever 15 is turned to the left, the projected light field 22 projected onto the patient's face through the shading plate 14 (the projection plate 21 is to simulate the patient's face) becomes larger. (Fig. 8b).
  • an infrared sensing device 9 is also provided on the same side of the housing 3 as the optical field window 7.
  • the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting tube are caused by the human body.
  • the hand or body blocks the reflection to the infrared receiving tube.
  • the signal is sent, and the lamp bead receives the signal to instruct to turn on the lamp bead to emit light.
  • the lamp bead does not receive the signal, and the lamp bead does not receive the signal. glow.
  • the range of the infrared sensing area is 20cm in front, and the length of one signal transmission is 30 seconds. After the signal is interrupted, the signal can be sent again by re-sensing.
  • a method for using an external beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Fix the external beamer on the outer circumference of the shading cylinder of the dental tablet machine
  • Step 2 Turn on the light source on the beamer, and emit visible light from the outlet of the shading cylinder of the dental tablet machine;
  • Step 3 Determine the dental filming area and the projection direction of X-rays by adjusting the shape and size of the visible light projection light field, and adjusting the position and angle of the shading cylinder of the dental film machine;
  • Step 4 Turn on the dental film machine, perform X-ray exposure, take out the dental film in the patient's mouth, and complete the shooting.
  • the beamer for the X-ray machine is built into the bottom of the shading cylinder.
  • the form of beamers also includes square beamers and circular beamers.
  • the square beam light can form a square or rectangular size-adjustable visible light field and X-ray field
  • the circular beam light can form a circular size-adjustable visible light field and X-ray field to suit different sizes of film .
  • a built-in square beam light device of an X-ray dental tablet machine includes a casing, a fixing device, a visible light source 12, a window part, a reflector 13 and a shading part.
  • the housing includes a light column box 16, the light column box 16 has a light outlet end, and is fixed on the X-ray tablet machine to form an optical channel, and the X-rays emitted by the X-ray tablet machine are emitted from the light outlet end through the optical channel.
  • Shading parts and adjustment means are located in the beam box 19 .
  • the visible light source 12 is arranged on the inner side wall of the light column box 16, and the reflector 13 is arranged in the light column box 16, forming an included angle ⁇ of 45° with the longitudinal axis L of the light channel (the central axis of the light column box 16), for directing the visible light toward the tooth.
  • the film shielding cylinder 10 is reflected in the direction of the light outlet, and the X-ray emitted by the X-ray light source 11 and the visible light are emitted toward the light outlet in the same direction.
  • the light beam box 19 is arranged at the light outlet end of the light column box 16 for shielding excess X-rays and visible light.
  • the reflector 13 is made of an X-ray transmissive material.
  • the visible light source 12 is an LED lamp bead, which is a cold light source to reduce heat generation.
  • the visible light source 12 is turned on by the light source switch 17 on the light column box 16 .
  • the beam box 19 is square, and is provided with a shading member and its adjustment device.
  • the adjustment device includes an upper and lower light field adjustment knob 1 and a left and right light field adjustment knob 2.
  • the shading member includes four shading plates 14 , the up and down light field adjustment knob 1 is used to control the movement of the upper and lower two shading plates 14 , and the left and right light field adjustment knob 2 is used to control the movement of the left and right two shading plates 14 .
  • the shading plate 14 is made of X-ray blocking material. As shown in FIG. 10 , the knob can be adjusted according to actual needs during use to control the size and range of the projection light field 22 .
  • the projection light field 22 projected onto the patient's face through the square beam box 19 (the projection plate 21 simulates the patient's face) is square.
  • the light outlet end of the light column box 16 is also provided with a transparent lampshade 18 as a window component, and a crosshair 8 is provided on the transparent lampshade 18 as a shading mark for determining the center point of the projection area.
  • the crosshair 8 is illuminated by visible light to project a projection light field with a cross onto the projection plate 21 .
  • the light column box 16 is cylindrical, and its radius is slightly smaller than the inner radius of the shading barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine on the market, so that the light column box 16 can be placed in the shading barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine.
  • the light outlet of the shading barrel 10 of the dental chip machine forms a concave bottom, and the beamer can be adsorbed on the bottom of the shading barrel 10 of the dental chip machine through the magnetic suction device 20 (shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 ), keeping the fixed.
  • the beamer is also provided with an infrared sensing device 9.
  • an infrared sensing device 9 When the human hand or a certain part of the object is in the infrared region, the infrared light emitted by the infrared transmitting tube is reflected to the infrared receiving tube due to the shielding of the human hand or body.
  • the bead receives the signal instruction to turn on the lamp bead to emit light.
  • the lamp bead does not emit light.
  • the range of the infrared sensing area is 20cm in front, and the length of one signal transmission is 30 seconds. After the signal is interrupted, the signal can be sent again by re-sensing.
  • a built-in circular beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine includes a casing, a fixing device, a visible light source 12, a window member, a reflector 13 and a shading member.
  • the housing includes a light column box 16, the light column box 16 has a light outlet end, and is fixed on the X-ray tablet machine to form an optical channel, and the X-rays emitted by the X-ray tablet machine are emitted from the light outlet end through the optical channel.
  • Shading parts and adjustment means are located in the beam box 19 .
  • the visible light source 12 is arranged on the inner side wall of the light column box 16, and the reflector 13 is arranged in the light column box 16, forming an included angle ⁇ of 45° with the longitudinal axis L of the light channel (the central axis of the light column box 16), for directing the visible light toward the tooth.
  • the film shielding cylinder 10 is reflected in the direction of the light outlet, and the X-ray emitted by the X-ray light source 11 and the visible light are emitted toward the light outlet in the same direction.
  • the light beam box 19 is arranged at the light outlet end of the light column box 16 for shielding excess X-rays and visible light.
  • the reflector 13 is made of an X-ray transmissive material.
  • the visible light source 12 is an LED lamp bead, which is a cold light source to reduce heat generation.
  • the visible light source 12 is turned on by the light source switch 17 on the light column box 16 .
  • the beam box 19 is circular, and is provided with a shading member and its adjustment device.
  • the adjustment device includes an optical field adjustment rod 15
  • the shading member includes a shading plate 14 .
  • By adjusting the optical field adjustment rod 15 Control the movement of the shutter 14 .
  • the shading plate 14 is made of X-ray blocking material.
  • the light field adjusting rod 15 can be adjusted according to actual needs during use to control the size and range of the projection light field 22 .
  • the projection light field 22 projected onto the patient's face through the circular beam box 19 (the projection plate 21 simulates the patient's face) is circular.
  • the light outlet end of the light column box 16 is also provided with a transparent lampshade 18 as a window component, and a crosshair 8 is provided on the transparent lampshade 18 as a shading mark for determining the center point of the projection area.
  • the crosshair 8 is illuminated by visible light to project a projection light field with a cross onto the projection plate 21 .
  • the light column box 16 is cylindrical, and its radius is slightly smaller than the inner radius of the shading barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine on the market, so that the beamer can be placed in the shading barrel 10 of the dental tablet machine.
  • the light outlet of the shading barrel 6 forms a concave bottom, and the beamer can be adsorbed on the bottom of the shading barrel 10 of the dental chip machine through the magnetic attraction device 20 (shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 ) to keep it fixed.
  • the beamer is also provided with an infrared sensing device 9.
  • an infrared sensing device 9 When the human hand or a certain part of the object is in the infrared region, the infrared light emitted by the infrared transmitting tube is reflected to the infrared receiving tube due to the shielding of the human hand or body.
  • the bead receives the signal instruction to turn on the lamp bead to emit light.
  • the lamp bead does not emit light.
  • the range of the infrared sensing area is 20cm in front, and the length of one signal transmission is 30 seconds. After the signal is interrupted, the signal can be sent again by re-sensing.
  • a method for using a built-in beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 place the built-in beamer in the shading cylinder 10 of the dental tablet machine;
  • Step 2 turn on the light source switch 17 on the beamer, and emit visible light from the exit of the shading cylinder 10 of the dental tablet machine;
  • Step 3 by adjusting the shape and size of the visible light field, adjust the position and angle of the shading cylinder 10 of the dental film machine, and determine the dental filming area and the projection direction of the X-ray;
  • Step 4 Turn on the dental film machine, perform X-ray exposure, take out the dental film in the patient's mouth, and complete the shooting.
  • the present invention is a reasonable supplement to the clinical, scientific research and teaching of projection technology in the traditional sense. It integrates the visible light field and the X-ray irradiation field into one, changes the size of the range synchronously, and can adjust the irradiation range and irradiation area, which has a very good practical effect.

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Abstract

一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器，包括：壳体(3)，其具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，第一端设置有出光口，第二端固定至牙片机以形成光通道，使得X射线能够沿光通道从出光口射出；固定装置，其设置在第二端，壳体(3)通过固定装置可拆卸固定至遮线筒(10)；可见光源(12)，其位于壳体(3)内并被配置成能够发出可见光；窗部件，其设置在壳体的第一端并被配置为能够透射可见光和X射线，使得能够在待拍摄对象上进行可见光投射和X射线照射；反光板(13)，其相对于光通道的纵向轴线倾斜地设置在壳体(3)内并被配置为能够反射可见光源(12)发出的可见光，使其能够通过窗部件投射在待拍摄对象上；遮线部件，其设置在反光板(13)和窗部件之间并被配置为不可透射可见光和X射线，以对出光口进行限定。

Description

一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以2020年08月31日提交的中国发明专利申请202010899150.6和2020年08月31日提交的中国发明专利申请202010897300.X为基础，并主张其优先权；上述申请的公开内容在此作为整体通过引用的方式并入本申请。
技术领域
本公开涉及口腔颌面部影像技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器及其使用方法。
背景技术
全身医学影像检查设备中比如胸片拍摄、四肢拍摄X光时，均可见束光器，顾名思义就是起到收缩光束的作用。实际作用就是首先打开束光器上的灯，并调节束光器的相互垂直的两个方向的旋钮，使束光器的可见光照射到机器的片盒上，使可见光光野或光域的大小刚好与胶片大小一致，然后就可以拍片。
把X射线照射野和可见光光野调整到偏差极小，这个光域就起到了模拟不可见X射线照射野的作用。而口腔颌面部医学影像领域中，尤其对临床最为广泛使用的X射线牙片机上，缺失此项技术方法。
现有技术有两种，一种是角平分线投照技术，角平分线投照技术是临床上最为常用的投照技术，角平分线在理论上是成立的，但由于投照时X射线中心线与牙长轴和胶片(影像成像板)不垂直，而是根据一条假想的角平分线来调整X射线中心线的方向，往往不够准确，拍摄出的牙齿图像往往失真变形，主要如何确立角平分线的具体空间位置是模糊和无法测定的；在投照方向及定点定位投照时，教科书及卫生行业标准参照的是患者面部软组织的体表标志，显然拍照的牙齿X射线图像用外在的体表标记有太多的可疑点和不确定性。X射线中心线应尽量与被检查牙的邻面切线平行。其中的“尽量”一词，可见其疑惑与不精确性。投照过程中也存在着太大的容错空间。另一种是平行投照技术，采用平行投照技术时，X射线中心线与胶片表面垂直，不再是与根据角分角线技术假想的线垂直，因此，在技术上容易得到保证。但平行投照技术也同样存在理论上的完美，在执行上的很多无奈，受限于患者的口腔容积大小，无法操作，绝大多数情况，在理论上能达到影像板与牙齿长轴平行时，此时的影像板位置已经游弋出口腔外。两套技术体系，在投照原理上存在合理性，但定点定位在实操上太多的不确定性。
因此，本领域的技术人员致力于开发一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器及其使用方法，根据X射线照射野合理化以减少射线辐射，使得投照区域更精准，减少避免非检查区的额外照射，可以减少患者辐射剂量，增强图像质量。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是对照牙齿拍摄，辐射范围远远大于所需拍摄的区域，给周围人体组织造成额外的不必要的X射线照射的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明一方面提供了一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器，包括：壳体，该壳体具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，该壳体的第一端设置有出光口，并且该壳体的第二端固定至X射线牙片机以形成光通道，使得X射线牙片机发出的X射线能够沿光通道从出光口射出；固定装置，该固定装置设置在壳体的第二端，壳体通过该固定装置可拆卸固定至X射线牙片机的遮线筒；可见光源，该可见光源位于壳体内，并被配置成能够发出可见光；窗部件，该窗部件设置在壳体的第一端，并被配置为能够透射可见光和X射线，使得能够在待拍摄对象上进行可见光投射和X射线照射；反光板，该反光板相对于光通道的纵向轴线倾斜地设置在壳体内，并被配置为能够反射可见光源发出的可见光以使反射后的可见光能够通过窗部件投射在待拍摄对象上；遮线部件，该遮线部件设置在反光板和窗部件之间，并被配置为不可透射可见光和X射线，以对出光口进行限定。
进一步地，可见光源位于壳体的内壁上。
进一步地，窗部件的中心设置有遮光标记，该遮光标记用于标识可见光投照区域。
进一步地，反光板由可透射X射线的材料制成。
进一步地，反光板与光通道的纵向轴线成45°夹角。
进一步地，可见光源通过反光板所成的虚像位置与X射线牙片机的X射线光源的位置在光通道的纵向轴线方向上重合。
进一步地，还包括设置在壳体上的调节装置，该调节装置被配置为能够改变遮线部件所限定的出光口的大小和/或形状。
进一步地，可见光源为LED灯。
进一步地，固定装置被配置为能够通过套接的方式连接至X射线牙片机的遮线筒的外周。
进一步地，固定装置被配置为能够通过磁性吸附的方式连接至X射线牙片机的遮线筒的底部。
进一步地，遮线部件还包括彼此正交设置的第一遮线块组和第二遮线块组，第一遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第一遮线块，第二遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第二遮线块，并且其中，调节装置被配置为控制一对第一遮线块相对于彼此移动，以及控制 一对第二遮线块相对于彼此移动。
进一步地，遮线部件还包括固定部分和可移动部分，并且其中，固定部分设置为环形，可移动部分包括多个遮线块，该多个遮线块中的每一个可枢转地连接至固定部分并且围绕固定部分的中心均匀排列，调节装置被配置为控制该多个遮线块在闭合状态和展开状态之间移动。
进一步地，壳体上还设置有用于打开或关闭可见光源的开关。
进一步地，壳体上还设置有红外感应装置，该红外感应装置被配置为感应待拍摄对象，以便相对应地控制可见光源的打开或关闭。
本发明另一方面提供了一种X射线牙片机，包括：X射线光源；机身，用于容纳X射线光源；遮线筒，该遮线筒套设在X射线光源外部，并延伸出机身外；束光器，束光器包括壳体，该壳体具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，该壳体的第一端设置有出光口，并且该壳体的第二端固定至遮线筒以形成光通道，使得X射线光源发出的X射线能够沿光通道从出光口射出；固定装置，该固定装置设置在壳体的第二端，壳体通过该固定装置可拆卸固定至遮线筒；可见光源，该可见光源位于壳体内，并被配置成能够发出可见光；窗部件，该窗部件设置在壳体的第一端，并被配置为能够透射可见光和X射线，使得能够在待拍摄对象上进行可见光投射和X射线照射；反光板，该反光板相对于光通道的纵向轴线倾斜地设置在壳体内，并被配置为能够反射可见光源发出的可见光以使反射后的可见光能够通过窗部件投射在待拍摄对象上；遮线部件，该遮线部件设置在反光板和窗部件之间，并被配置为不可透射可见光和X射线，以对出光口进行限定。
进一步地，可见光源位于壳体的内壁上。
进一步地，窗部件的中心设置有遮光标记，遮光标记用于标识可见光投照区域。
进一步地，反光板由可透射X射线的材料制成。
进一步地，反光板与光通道的纵向轴线成45°夹角。
进一步地，可见光源通过反光板所成的虚像位置与X射线牙片机的X射线光源的位置在光通道的纵向轴线方向上重合。
进一步地，遮线部件还包括设置在壳体上的调节装置，并被配置为通过调节装置改变遮线部件所限定的出光口的大小。
进一步地，遮线部件还包括彼此正交设置的第一遮线块组和第二遮线块组，第一遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第一遮线块，第二遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第二遮线块，并且其中，调节装置被配置为控制一对第一遮线块相对于彼此移动，以及控制一对第二遮线块相对于彼此移动。
进一步地，遮线部件还包括固定部分和可移动部分，并且其中，固定部分设置为环形，可移动部分包括多个遮线块，该多个遮线块中的每一个可枢转地连接至固定部分并且围绕固定部分的中心均匀排列，调节装置被配置为控制该多个遮线块在闭合状 态和展开状态之间移动。
进一步地，壳体上还设置有红外感应装置，该红外感应装置被配置为感应待拍摄者，以便相对应地控制可见光源的打开或关闭。
本发明又一方面提供了一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
将束光器固定连接至X射线牙片机的遮线筒；
使可见光源通过窗部件发出可见光；
调整X射线牙片机的遮线筒相对于待拍摄者的距离和方向；
对遮线部件进行调节，以改变可见光投照光域的形状和大小；
利用通过窗部件发出的可见光光域确定牙齿拍片区域和X射线的照射方向；打开X射线牙片机，进行X射线曝光。
本发明再一方面提供了一种X射线牙片机的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
使可见光源通过窗部件发出可见光；
调整X射线牙片机的遮线筒相对于待拍摄者的距离和方向；
对遮线部件进行调节，以改变可见光投照光域的形状和大小；
利用通过窗部件发出的可见光光域确定牙齿拍片区域和X射线的照射方向；
打开X射线牙片机，进行X射线曝光。
如发明人所知，牙片机的遮线筒长度不得小于20cm，末端有用线束直径不得大于7cm，且管壁应有0.5mm铅当量的防护，这一规定对于限制照射野范围，减少照射野外散射线数量有重要意义。也凸显限制照射野的重要性。本发明可以在可见光指示下有效调节束光器来遮挡过滤X射线以限制照射野，规避多余不必要的照射。符合国际上通行的辐射剂量最优化原则。使牙片机X射线可以得到有效管束，在可见光指引下调节束光器对X射线照射区域定位定区域。构建更为精准的投照体系。
本发明的技术效果：
1)本发明通过束光器可将可见光光野和X射线照射野融为一体，同步联动，且可以调节照射范围和照射区域。使投照准确，设备操作容易。
2)比现有技术明显减少了重复拍摄。符合放射剂量最优化原则，有效降低患者因重拍所接受额外放射损害，增强图像质量。
3)是对现有牙片机投照技术可视化呈现和合理化补充，健全口腔颌面部医学影像根尖片投照技术的理论体系。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器立体结构示意图；
图2是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器俯视图；
图3是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器套接于牙片机遮线筒外周的立体结构示意图；
图4是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式束光器的原理示意图；
图5是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器立体结构示意图；
图6是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器俯视图；
图7是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器套接于牙片机遮线筒外周的立体结构示意图；
图8a是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器的遮线板示意图以及在闭合状态下的投影光域示意图；
图8b是本申请的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器的遮线板示意图以及在展开状态下的投影光域示意图。
图9是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式方形束光器内部结构示意图；
图10是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式方形束光器的拍片示意图；
图11是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式方形束光器的透视图示意图；
图12是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式方形束光器的束光盒结构示意图；
图13是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式圆形束光器的内部结构示意图；
图14是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式圆形束光器的拍片示意图；
图15是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式圆形束光器的透视图示意图；
图16是本申请的一种X射线牙片机内置式圆形束光器的束光盒结构示意图；
其中，1-上下光域调节旋钮，2-左右光域调节旋钮，3-壳体，4-固定环，5-旋钮，6-螺丝，7-光域视窗，8-十字准心，9-红外线感应区，10-牙片机遮线筒，11-X射线光源，12-可见光源，13-反光板，14-遮线板，15-光域调节杆，16-光柱盒，17-光源开关，18-透明灯罩，19-束光盒，10-红外线感应区，20-磁吸装置，21-投射板，22-投影光域。
具体实施方式
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的多个优选实施例，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现，本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰，附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。
本公开涉及一种根尖片投照时用于X射线牙片机的束光器，通过可见光光野预先指示X射线照射野，并可以调整X射线照射野的大小及范围。
X射线牙片机是把专门制作的牙片放入口腔中，使X射线从面部射入口中，经牙龈及齿槽骨等组织到达牙片进行摄影的方法。这种机器输出功率小，X射线牙片机所用照射野范围很小，采用指向性强的遮线筒，直接对准受检部位。X射线牙片机常用组合机头方式，在患者体位固定后，仅移动机头就可对任意牙齿进行合理方向的投照。X射线牙片机也可以采用手持式机身，机头和遮线筒成一体布置，可对任意牙齿进行合理方向的投照。
遮线筒的外形为一圆柱或圆锥状金属筒，有的还衬有薄铅皮以增加遮线防护的效果。投照时，它主要是靠筒壁对X射线的阻挡吸收来限制照射野的，因此照射野的大小可由遮线筒的长度和直径来决定。其照射野一般为圆形。
在一些实施例中，用于X射线牙片机的束光器外置在X射线牙片机的遮线筒上。束光器的形式包括方形束光器和圆形束光器。方形束光器可以形成方形或矩形的大小可调节的可见光光野和X射线照射野，圆形束光器可以形成圆形的大小可调节的可见光光野和X射线照射野，以适合不同大小的胶片。下面是这两种形式的束光器实施方式。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器，包括壳体3、固定装置、可见光源12(图4中示出)、窗部件、反光板13(图3、图4中示出)和遮线部件。在该实施例中，固定装置包括固定环4，固定环4固定于壳体3的一侧；窗部件包括光域视窗7，光域视窗7设于壳体3上与固定环4相对的另一侧作为出光口，壳体3的一侧通过固定环4固定在X射线牙片机上形成光通道，X射线牙片机发出的X射线通过光通道从出光口射出，光域视窗7由可以透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。在光域视窗7的中心还设有十字准心8作为遮光标记，可见光通过光域视窗7透射出来，投照在患者面部为带有十字中心的投影光域，可用于确定投影光域的中心点。
如图3所示，固定环4套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周，与牙片机遮线筒10固定连接。
图2中，固定环4采取螺丝固定的方式套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周。可以通过调节旋钮5的松紧将固定环4固定于牙片机遮线筒10的外周。通过旋紧螺丝6将固定环4固定于壳体3上。类似地，固定环4也可以采取卡扣或卡簧固定的方式套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周，也可以使用弹性件(如橡胶件)固定的方式套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周。
如图3、图4所示，壳体3内部设置有可见光源12和反光板13，反光板13与光通道的纵向轴线L(壳体3的中心轴线)成45°夹角α，反光板13将可见光源12发射出的可见光朝着光域视窗7的方向反射出去。反光板13由可透射X射线的材料制成。 可见光源12为LED灯珠，灯珠为冷光源，以减少产热。
如图1所示，壳体3外设置有上下光域调节旋钮1和左右光域调节旋钮2作为遮线部件的调节装置。如图3所示，遮线部件包括遮线板14，遮线板14设置于壳体3的内部，位于光域视窗7的内前侧，遮线板14上下左右方向各有一块。下光域调节旋钮1用于控制上下2块遮线板14的移动，左右光域调节旋钮2用于控制左右2块遮线板14的移动。
可见光和X射线先照射到遮线板14上，然后照射到光域视窗7上。使用时可根据实际需要调节旋钮，控制投影光域的大小和范围。透过光域视窗7的可见光的投影光域为方形或矩形。遮线板14由不可透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。
如图1所示，在壳体3上与光域视窗7的同一侧，还设有一红外线感应装置9，当人体的手或者物体的某一部分在红外线区域内，红外线发射管发射的红外线由于人体手或身体遮挡反射到红外线接收管，通过处理后发送信号，灯珠接收信号指令打开灯珠发光，当人体的手或者物体离开红外线感应范围外，灯珠没有接收到信号，则灯珠不发光。红外线感应区范围为前方20cm，一次信号发送时间长度为30秒，信号中断后重新感应即可再次发送信号。
实施例2
如图5所示，一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器，包括壳体3、固定装置、可见光源12(图4中示出)、窗部件、反光板13(图7中示出)和遮线部件。在该实施例中，固定装置包括固定环4，固定环4固定于壳体3的一侧；窗部件包括光域视窗7，光域视窗7设于壳体3上与固定环4相对的另一侧作为出光口，壳体3的一侧通过固定环4固定在X射线牙片机上形成光通道，X射线牙片机发出的X射线通过光通道从出光口射出，光域视窗7由可以透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。在光域视窗7的中心还设有十字准心8作为遮光标记，可见光通过光域视窗7透射出来，投照在患者面部为带有十字中心的投影光域，可用于确定投影光域的中心点。
如图7所示，固定环4套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周，与牙片机遮线筒10固定连接。
图6中，固定环4采取螺丝固定的方式套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周。可以通过调节旋钮5的松紧将固定环4固定于牙片机遮线筒10的外周。通过旋紧螺丝6将固定环4固定于壳体3上。类似地，固定环4也可以采取卡扣或卡簧固定的方式套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周，也可以使用弹性件(如橡胶件)固定的方式套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周。
如图4、图7所示，壳体3内部设置有可见光源12和反光板13，反光板13光通道的纵向轴线L(壳体3的中心轴线)成45°夹角α，反光板13将可见光源12发射出的可见光朝着光域视窗7的方向反射出去。反光板13由可透射X射线的材料制成。 可见光源12为LED灯珠，灯珠为冷光源，以减少产热。
如图7所示，壳体3外设置有光域调节杆15作为遮线部件的调节装置。遮线部件包括遮线板14，遮线板14设置于壳体3的内部，位于光域视窗7的内前侧。可见光和X射线先照射到遮线板14上，然后照射到光域视窗7上。使用时可根据实际需要调节旋钮，控制投影光域的大小和范围。透过光域视窗7的可见光的投影光域为圆形。遮线板14由不可透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。
如图8a、8b所示，遮线板14还包括遮线板固定部分14a和遮线板可移动部分14b。通过转动光域调节杆15来控制遮线板可移动部分14b的移动。向右转动光域调节杆15时遮线板可移动部分14b从遮线板固定部分14a处向外移出，通过遮线板14投照到患者面部(投射板21为模拟患者脸部)的投影光域22变小(图8a)，向左转动光域调节杆15时，通过遮线板14投照到患者面部(投射板21为模拟患者脸部)的投影光域22则变大(图8b)。
如图5所示，在壳体3上与光域视窗7的同一侧，还设有一红外线感应装置9，当人体的手或者物体的某一部分在红外线区域内，红外线发射管发射的红外线由于人体手或身体遮挡反射到红外线接收管，通过处理后发送信号，灯珠接收信号指令打开灯珠发光，当人体的手或者物体离开红外线感应范围外，灯珠没有接收到信号，则灯珠不发光。红外线感应区范围为前方20cm，一次信号发送时间长度为30秒，信号中断后重新感应即可再次发送信号。
实施例3
一种X射线牙片机外置式束光器的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、将外置式束光器固定于牙片机遮线筒的外周；
步骤二、打开束光器上的光源，从牙片机遮线筒出口处发出可见光；
步骤三、通过调节可见光投影光域的形状和大小，以及调整牙片机遮线筒的位置和角度，确定牙齿拍片区域和X射线的投照方向；
步骤四、打开牙片机，进行X射线曝光，取出患者口内牙片，完成拍摄。
在一些实施例中，用于X射线牙片机的束光器内置在遮线筒的底部。束光器的形式同样包括方形束光器和圆形束光器。方形束光器可以形成方形或矩形的大小可调节的可见光光野和X射线照射野，圆形束光器可以形成圆形的大小可调节的可见光光野和X射线照射野，以适合不同大小的胶片。下面是这两种形式的束光器实施方式。
实施例4
如图9所示，一种X射线牙片机内置式方形束光器，包括壳体、固定装置、可见光源12、窗部件、反光板13和遮线部件。在该实施例中，壳体包括光柱盒16，光柱 盒16具有出光口端，并且固定在X射线牙片机上形成光通道，X射线牙片机发出的X射线通过光通道从出光口端射出；遮线部件和调节装置位于束光盒19中。
可见光源12设置于光柱盒16内侧壁上，反光板13设置于光柱盒16内，与光通道的纵向轴线L(光柱盒16中心轴线)成45°夹角α，用于将可见光朝着牙片机遮线筒10出光口方向反射出去，X射线光源11发射出的X射线与可见光在同一方向上向出光口方向射出。束光盒19设置于光柱盒16出光口端，用于遮挡多余的X射线及可见光。反光板13由可透射X射线材料制成。
可见光源12为LED灯珠，为冷光源，以减少产热。可见光源12通过光柱盒16上的光源开关17打开。
如图12所示，束光盒19为方形，设置有遮线部件和其调节装置，调节装置包括上下光域调节旋钮1、左右光域调节旋钮2，遮线部件包括4块遮线板14，上下光域调节旋钮1用于控制上下2块遮线板14的移动，左右光域调节旋钮2用于控制左右2块遮线板14的移动。遮线板14由阻X射线材料制成。如图10所示，使用时可根据实际需要调节旋钮，控制投影光域22的大小和范围。通过方形的束光盒19投照到患者面部(投射板21为模拟患者脸部)的投影光域22为方形。
如图9-11所示，光柱盒16的出光口端还设置有透明灯罩18作为窗部件，透明灯罩18上设置有十字准心8作为遮光标记，用于确定投照区域的中心点。十字准心8通过可见光照射，投照出带有十字的投照光域到投射板21上。
如图11所示，光柱盒16为圆柱形，其半径略小于市场上牙片机遮线筒10的内部半径，使得光柱盒16可以放置于牙片机遮线筒10内。通常，牙片机遮线筒10的出光口形成内凹的底部，束光器可通过磁吸装置20(图9、图10中示出)吸附在牙片机遮线筒10的底部，保持固定。
束光器还设有一红外线感应装置9，当人体的手或者物体的某一部分在红外线区域内，红外线发射管发射的红外线由于人体手或身体遮挡反射到红外线接收管，通过处理后发送信号，灯珠接收信号指令打开灯珠发光，当人体的手或者物体离开红外线感应范围外，灯珠没有接收到信号，则灯珠不发光。红外线感应区范围为前方20cm，一次信号发送时间长度为30秒，信号中断后重新感应即可再次发送信号。
实施例5
如图13所示，一种X射线牙片机内置式圆形束光器，包括壳体、固定装置、可见光源12、窗部件、反光板13和遮线部件。在该实施例中，壳体包括光柱盒16，光柱盒16具有出光口端，并且固定在X射线牙片机上形成光通道，X射线牙片机发出的X射线通过光通道从出光口端射出；遮线部件和调节装置位于束光盒19中。
可见光源12设置于光柱盒16内侧壁上，反光板13设置于光柱盒16内，与光通道的纵向轴线L(光柱盒16中心轴线)成45°夹角α，用于将可见光朝着牙片机遮线 筒10出光口方向反射出去，X射线光源11发射出的X射线与可见光在同一方向上向出光口方向射出。束光盒19设置于光柱盒16出光口端，用于遮挡多余的X射线及可见光。反光板13由可透射X射线材料制成。
可见光源12为LED灯珠，为冷光源，减少产热。可见光源12通过光柱盒16上的光源开关17打开。
如图16所示，束光盒19为圆形，设置有遮线部件和其调节装置，调节装置包括光域调节杆15，遮线部件包括遮线板14，通过调节光域调节杆15来控制遮线板14的移动。遮线板14由阻X射线材料制成。如图14所示，使用时可根据实际需要调节光域调节杆15，控制投影光域22的大小和范围。通过圆形的束光盒19投照到患者面部(投射板21为模拟患者脸部)的投影光域22为圆形。
如图13-15所示，光柱盒16的出光口端还设置有透明灯罩18作为窗部件，透明灯罩18上设置有十字准心8作为遮光标记，用于确定投照区域的中心点。十字准心8通过可见光照射，投照出带有十字的投照光域到投射板21上。
如图15所示，光柱盒16为圆柱形，其半径略小于市场上牙片机遮线筒10的内部半径，使得束光器可以放置于牙片机遮线筒10内。通常，遮线筒6的出光口形成内凹的底部，束光器可通过磁吸装置20(图13、图14中示出)吸附在牙片机遮线筒10的底部，保持固定。
束光器还设有一红外线感应装置9，当人体的手或者物体的某一部分在红外线区域内，红外线发射管发射的红外线由于人体手或身体遮挡反射到红外线接收管，通过处理后发送信号，灯珠接收信号指令打开灯珠发光，当人体的手或者物体离开红外线感应范围外，灯珠没有接收到信号，则灯珠不发光。红外线感应区范围为前方20cm，一次信号发送时间长度为30秒，信号中断后重新感应即可再次发送信号。
实施例6
一种X射线牙片机内置式束光器的使用方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、将内置式束光器放置于牙片机遮线筒10内；
步骤二、打开束光器上的光源开关17，从牙片机遮线筒10出口处发出可见光；
步骤三、通过调节可见光光野的形状和大小，调整牙片机遮线筒10的位置和角度，确定牙齿拍片区域和X射线的投照方向；
步骤四、打开牙片机，进行X射线曝光，取出患者口内牙片，完成拍摄。
本发明是对传统意义上投照技术临床、科研和教学的合理补充。将可见光光野和X射线照射野融为一体，同步联动改变范围大小，且可以调节照射范围和照射区域，具有非常好的实用效果。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创 造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于X射线牙片机的束光器，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，所述壳体的所述第一端设置有出光口，并且所述壳体的所述第二端固定至所述X射线牙片机以形成光通道，使得所述X射线牙片机发出的X射线能够沿所述光通道从所述出光口射出；
    固定装置，所述固定装置设置在所述壳体的所述第二端，所述壳体通过所述固定装置可拆卸固定至所述X射线牙片机的遮线筒；
    可见光源，所述可见光源位于所述壳体内，并被配置成能够发出可见光；
    窗部件，所述窗部件设置在所述壳体的所述第一端，并被配置为能够透射可见光和X射线，使得能够在待拍摄对象上进行可见光投射和X射线照射；
    反光板，所述反光板相对于所述光通道的纵向轴线倾斜地设置在所述壳体内，并被配置为能够反射所述可见光源发出的可见光以使反射后的可见光能够通过所述窗部件投射在所述待拍摄对象上；
    遮线部件，所述遮线部件设置在所述反光板和所述窗部件之间，并被配置为不可透射可见光和X射线，以对所述出光口进行限定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述可见光源位于所述壳体的内壁上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述窗部件的中心设置有遮光标记，所述遮光标记用于标识可见光投照区域。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述反光板由可透射X射线的材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述反光板与所述光通道的所述纵向轴线成45°夹角。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述可见光源通过所述反光板所成的虚像位置与所述X射线牙片机的X射线光源的位置在所述光通道的所述纵向轴线方向上重合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，还包括设置在所述壳体上的调节装置，所述调节装置被配置为能够改变所述遮线部件所限定的所述出光口的大小和/或形状。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述可见光源为LED灯。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述固定装置被配置为能够通过套接的方式连接至所述X射线牙片机的所述遮线筒的外周。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述固定装置被配置为能够通过磁性吸附的方式连接至所述X射线牙片机的所述遮线筒的底部。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述遮线部件还包括彼此正交设置的第一遮线块组和第二遮线块组，所述第一遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第一遮线块，所述第二遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第二遮线块，并且其中，所述调节装置被配置为控制所述一对第一遮线块相对于彼此移动，以及控制所述一对第二遮线块相对于彼此移动。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述遮线部件还包括固定部分和可移动部分，并且其中，所述固定部分设置为环形，所述可移动部分包括多个遮线块，所述多个遮线块中的每一个可枢转地连接至所述固定部分并且围绕所述固定部分的中心均匀排列，所述调节装置被配置为控制所述多个遮线块在闭合状态和展开状态之间移动。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述壳体上还设置有用于打开或关闭所述可见光源的开关。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的用于X射线牙片机的束光器，其中，所述壳体上还设置有红外感应装置，所述红外感应装置被配置为感应所述待拍摄对象，以便相对应地控制所述可见光源的打开或关闭。
  15. 一种X射线牙片机，包括：
    X射线光源；
    机身，用于容纳所述X射线光源；
    遮线筒，所述遮线筒套设在所述X射线光源外部，并延伸出所述机身外；
    束光器，所述束光器包括壳体，所述壳体具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，所述壳体的所述第一端设置有出光口，并且所述壳体的所述第二端固定至所述遮线筒以形成光通道，使得所述X射线光源发出的X射线能够沿所述光通道从所述出光口射出；固定装置，所述固定装置设置在所述壳体的所述第二端，所述壳体通过所述固定装置可拆卸固定至所述遮线筒；可见光源，所述可见光源位于所述壳体内，并被配置成能够发出可见光；窗部件，所述窗部件设置在所述壳体的所述第一端，并被配置为能够透射可见光和X射线，使得能够在待拍摄对象上进行可见光投射和X射线照射；反光板，所述反光板相对于所述光通道的纵向轴线倾斜地设置在所述壳体内，并被配置为能够反射所述可见光源发出的可见光以使反射后的可见光能够通过所述窗部件投射在所述待拍摄对象上；遮线部件，所述遮线部件设置在所述反光板和所述窗部件之间，并被配置为不可透射可见光和X射线，以对所述出光口进行限定。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的X射线牙片机，其中，所述反光板与所述光通道的所述纵向轴线成45°夹角。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的X射线牙片机，其中，所述可见光源通过所述反光 板所成的虚像位置与所述X射线牙片机的X射线光源的位置在所述光通道的所述纵向轴线方向上重合。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的X射线牙片机，其中，所述遮线部件还包括设置在所述壳体上的调节装置，并被配置为通过所述调节装置改变所述遮线部件所限定的所述出光口的大小和/或形状。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的X射线牙片机，其中，所述遮线部件还包括彼此正交设置的第一遮线块组和第二遮线块组，所述第一遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第一遮线块，所述第二遮线块组包括相对设置的一对第二遮线块，并且其中，所述调节装置被配置为控制所述一对第一遮线块相对于彼此移动，以及控制所述一对第二遮线块相对于彼此移动。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的X射线牙片机，其中，所述遮线部件还包括固定部分和可移动部分，并且其中，所述固定部分设置为环形，所述可移动部分包括多个遮线块，所述多个遮线块中的每一个可枢转地连接至所述固定部分并且围绕所述固定部分的中心均匀排列，所述调节装置被配置为控制所述多个遮线块在闭合状态和展开状态之间移动。
PCT/CN2020/134207 2020-08-31 2020-12-07 一种用于x射线牙片机的束光器 WO2022041555A1 (zh)

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