WO2022037764A1

WO2022037764A1 - Measuring system for a road-building machine

Info

Publication number: WO2022037764A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/073126
Authority: WO
Inventors: Holger WEIS-LANZENDÖRFER; Alfred Ulrich
Original assignee: Moba Mobile Automation Ag
Priority date: 2020-08-18
Filing date: 2020-08-18
Publication date: 2022-02-24

Abstract

A measuring system (70) for determining a settlement rate of a layer (22, 23, 24), having a layer thickness, which is compacted by means of a building machine (60), in particular a compactor, comprising the following features: a first measuring unit (71) and a computing unit (73). Here, the measuring unit comprises a first and a second distance sensor which are arranged so as to be angled to one another at a known angle, wherein the measuring unit is arranged so as to be angled with respect to an arbitrary vertical of the building machine, such that the first distance sensor is aimed at a first angle relative to the vertical towards the layer and is designed to determine a first distance therefrom, and such that the second distance sensor is aimed at a second angle relative to the vertical towards the layer and is designed to determine a second distance therefrom. Here, the first measuring unit is directed onto a region of the layer upstream of the building machine in a current direction of travel of the building machine. The computing unit is designed to determine the settlement rate of the layer thickness starting from the known angle of the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance, determined by the first measuring unit.

Description

designation of the invention

Measuring system for a road construction machine

Embodiments of the present invention are in the technical field of mobile construction and work machines, in particular road construction machines such. B. road finishers or road rollers. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a measuring system for determining a degree of settlement, to a construction machine, in particular a compressor, and to a corresponding measuring method. Further exemplary embodiments relate to a layer thickness control system, a convoy of construction machinery comprising at least one compactor and a road finisher, and a method for compaction control.

In general, a road finisher moves with a caterpillar or wheeled chassis on a prepared subsurface onto which a pavement layer to be finished (for example a base or top layer of a road, bound or unbound) is to be applied. A height-adjustable screed is provided at the rear of the road finisher in the direction of travel, on the front of which a supply of road surface material is accumulated, which is tracked and distributed by a conveying and distribution device, which ensures that there is always a sufficient, However, not too large a quantity of road surface material is kept in stock. The height of the rear edge of the screed relative to the surface of the prepared subsoil, which may also be formed by an existing layer of pavement (road surface), determines the thickness of the finished road surface before it is subsequently further consolidated by rolling. The screed is held on towing arms which are mounted so as to be rotatable about towing points arranged in the central region of the road finisher, with the height of the screed being determined by a hydraulic adjustment device. As long as the newly applied road surface is still hot and deformable, it is usually further compacted by road rollers following the road finisher, which are designed, for example, as tandem rollers, compactors or rubber wheel rollers. The road rollers drive over the freshly applied road surface and usually follow a defined rolling pattern with frequent reverse runs, whereby further compaction of the road surface up to maximum compaction is achieved with each run. The working area of the road rollers is essentially continuously shifted at the front, that is, the road rollers move along with the considerably slow-moving road finisher during the paving process. Roads only achieve their maximum service life if they are optimally compacted. Both too little and too much compaction lead to a reduced durability of the road surface and thus to a reduced quality of the road created. Essential elements of a road roller, in particular a self-propelled road roller, are a machine frame, a drive motor, a driver's cab and a front and rear roller bandage seen in the working direction. In addition to static road rollers, in which only the dead weight of the roller drums leads to compaction of the subsoil, the prior art also knows dynamic road rollers with vibrating and/or oscillating roller drums, in which to increase the compaction performance, the roller drum next to a when rolling over the ground around an axis of rotation occurring rotational movement performs an additional movement. When building a road, it is desirable to measure the created layer as continuously as possible and in real time. Determining the layer thickness is desirable, for example, in order to check the quality of the newly laid road surface. If the calculated layer thickness, for example of a bituminous layer, is too small, then there is a risk that the road surface will break up prematurely, which will result in costly repairs to the road surface. On the other hand, the layer thickness must be checked with regard to the amount of material used, so as not to use too much material, which would lead to increased costs.

The known prior art for determining the layer thickness when paving road construction material such as rock or asphalt mixtures or the like is discussed below.

1a and 1b show known road finishers with a layer thickness detection device, as described, for example, in EP 2 921 588 A1 (FIG. 1a) and DE 10 2016 207 841 A1 (FIG. 1b). The road finishers shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b are each denoted by the reference numeral 10 in their entirety.

The road finisher 10 according to FIG. 1a (EP 2 921 588 A1) comprises a tracked undercarriage 19, with which the road finisher 10 travels in the direction of travel F on a prepared subsurface 21, and a mix bunker 11 for receiving asphalt material. A height-adjustable screed 12 is arranged at the rear end of the road finisher 10 in the direction of travel, which is articulated by means of a towing arm 13 at a towing point 15 on the road finisher 10 . In front of the screed 12 is a supply 50 of the asphalt material, where this supply is kept constant essentially over the entire width of the screed 12 by appropriate, known regulation of the speed of a worm-like transverse distribution device 14 . The screed 12 floats on the asphalt of the road surface 22 to be finished. The thickness of the road surface 22 to be finished before it is finally consolidated by road rollers is adjusted by adjusting the height of the rear edge 16 of the screed 12 . This height regulation is brought about by changing the angle of attack of the screed 12 and the height of the towing point of the adjusting cylinders (levelling cylinders), which engage at the front ends of the towing arms 13 .

The road finisher 10 according to FIG. 1a also includes a layer thickness detection device 30 for detecting the thickness H _s of the installed material layer 22. The layer thickness detection device 30 includes a first sensor 31 in the direction of travel behind the screed 12 for detecting a first distance from the installed material layer 22 and a second sensor 32 in the direction of travel in front of the screed 12 for detecting a second distance to the ground 21. The first sensor 31 is arranged at a distance a from the rear edge 16 of the screed in the direction of travel behind the screed 12 and the second sensor 32 with a Distance b from the rear edge of the screed 16 in the direction of travel in front of the screed 12 . The layer thickness detection device 30 also includes a calculation unit/signal processing device 33, which receives (distance) data from the sensors 31 and 32 via connections 31k, 32k shown schematically, which data reflect the measured distances to the installed material layer 22 and to the subsoil 21 . Based on the received distances and based on the distances a, b of the sensors 31, 32 from the screed rear edge 16 and based on the attachment height of the sensors 31 and 32 in relation to the screed rear edge 16 or above the screed rear edge 16, the calculation unit / signal processing device determines 33 the layer thickness H _s of the built-in layer 22.

The road finisher 10 according to FIG. 1b (DE 10 2016 207 841 A1) also includes a chain running gear 19, with which the road finisher 10 drives on a prepared subsurface 21 in the direction of travel F, and a mix bunker 11 for receiving asphalt material. Also in the case of the road finisher 10 according to FIG. 1b, a height-adjustable screed 12 is arranged at the rear end in the direction of travel, which is articulated by means of a towing arm 13 at a towing point on the road finisher 10. A supply 50 of the asphalt material is located in front of the screed 12, this supply being kept constant essentially over the entire width of the screed 12 by appropriate, known regulation of the speed of a worm-like transverse distribution device 14. The screed 12 floats the asphalt of the road surface 22 to be finished. The thickness of the road surface 22 to be finished before its final consolidation by road rollers is also set in the road finisher 10 according to FIG. This height control is also brought about by changing the angle of attack of the screed 12 and the height of the traction point of the adjusting cylinders (leveling cylinders) which engage at the front ends of the traction arms 13 .

The road finisher 10 in FIG. 1b also includes a layer thickness detection device 40 for detecting the thickness H _s of the installed material layer 22, but the layer thickness detection device 40 differs from the layer thickness detection device 30 according to FIG. 1a. The layer thickness detection device 40 in FIG. 1b comprises a measuring unit 41 and a calculation unit (not shown). The measuring unit 41 comprises a first and a second (laser) distance sensor which are arranged at an angle to one another at a known angle β, the measuring unit 41 being angled in relation to any perpendicular 42s of the road finisher 10 at a known height H _ref a base plane 21 (underground) on which the layer 22 is to be applied, so that the first distance sensor is aimed at the surface 22s of the newly applied layer 22 at a first angle a with respect to the perpendicular 42s and is formed, a first distance L1 to the same, and so that the second distance sensor aims at the surface 22s of the newly applied layer 22 at a second angle α+β with respect to the perpendicular 42s and is designed to determine a second distance L2 to the same. The arrangement of the (laser) distance sensors at the angle β means that the measurement points on the surface 22s of the newly installed asphalt layer 22 have a distance marked A in the direction of travel F of the road finisher 10 . The calculation unit is designed to determine the layer thickness H _s based on the known height H _ref and the known angle β and the first distance L1 and the second distance L2.

Other systems known from the prior art for determining the layer thickness of a newly installed road surface are described, for example, in DE 10234 217 A1, DE 10 2005 040 326 A1, DE 10 2015 001 101 A1, DE 10 2016 013 255 A1, EP 2 535 456 A1, EP 2 535 457 A1 or EP 2 535 458 A1.

Furthermore, DE 29723 171 U1 describes a roller device for compacting asphalt pavements, with a roller body arranged so as to be rotatable in a suspension and with a Device for determining the degree of compaction of the asphalt surface achieved during rolling. The device for determining the degree of compaction comprises two sensors, spaced apart from one another on the suspension parallel to the axis of the roller body, for measuring the distance to the asphalt surface, one sensor being arranged in the area of the roller track and the other outside the area of the roller track, so that the difference the measured values of the two sensors is a measure of the increase in compaction at the respective roller transition.

According to DE 10234217 A1, the thickness of the newly installed asphalt layer, which is applied by a road finisher with a screed, is referred to as the installation thickness and the thickness of the asphalt layer after rolling is referred to as the pavement thickness. The difference between paving thickness and pavement thickness is called the roll gauge. In the technical literature, in addition to the rolling dimension, one also speaks of a slump dimension or settlement dimension, which describes the difference between the layer thickness installed by the paver and the finished dimension after rolling (compacting). These terms are used accordingly in the present application.

DE 4040 027 A1, which is also part of the state of the art, describes a method for setting the thickness of a paving layer with a road finisher. It is proposed here to place the paving screed flat on the ground to initially set the layer thickness and to determine this position using a sensor and then to raise the screed by a first and second height-adjustable lifting cylinder to a height corresponding to the desired paving thickness plus the rolling dimension.

Current practice is to measure the layer thickness of a newly laid road surface only on the paver. However, the value measured there does not correspond to the (final) layer thickness or the pavement thickness after rolling, because this value should be considerably less than the paving thickness (depending on the paved material, the thickness of the paved layer, the compaction performance of the road roller(s) and pre-compaction by the screed). With the knowledge that the layer thickness (surface thickness) will be less after rolling, the target value for the layer thickness is usually manually changed "upwards" by the screed personnel on the road finisher during the paving process, so that the end result, i.e. a (Final) layer thickness or coating thickness after rolling "roughly" with the specifications (target layer thickness for the new road surface to be installed) matches. Based on this, there is a need for improvement.

In this respect, the task is to create a concept that enables the layer thickness to be determined after compaction.

The object is solved by the independent patent claims.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a measuring system for determining a degree of settlement ΔH _S of a layer with a layer thickness compacted by means of a construction machine, for example by means of a compactor. The measurement system includes a first measurement unit and a calculation unit. The measuring unit comprises a first and a second distance sensor (e.g. a laser distance sensor), which are arranged at an angle to one another at a known angle, the measuring unit being arranged at an angle in relation to any vertical of the construction machine, so that the first distance sensor a to determine the second distance to the same. In this case, the first measuring unit is directed towards an area of the layer in front of the construction machine in a current direction of travel of the construction machine. The calculation unit is designed to determine the degree of settlement of the layer thickness based on the known angle of the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance, determined using the first measuring unit.

This basic exemplary embodiment is therefore based on the assumption that the degree of slump or settlement is determined using only one measuring unit. According to exemplary embodiments, this can take place taking into account a known attachment height of the first measuring unit or an (initial) determination of the height in the case of non-compacted subsoil. According to exemplary embodiments, a height value for the measuring unit is then determined by the first measuring unit, with the slump then taking place according to further exemplary embodiments by jointly calculating the attachment height or initial height and the first height value. According to exemplary embodiments, the degree of slump can be determined, for example, by determining a difference between the attachment height or the initial height and the first height value. A further exemplary embodiment of the present invention creates a measuring system for determining a degree of settlement of a layer. The layer has an (initial) layer thickness and is by means of a construction machine such. B. applied a paver and is connected to another construction machine such. B. compressed a compressor. The degree of compaction can be determined, among other things, via the settlement. For this purpose, the measuring system comprises a first measuring unit and a second measuring unit as well as a calculation unit. Each measuring unit comprises a first and a second distance sensor, such as e.g. B. a laser sensor. These distance sensors are arranged at an angle to one another at a known angle, with each measuring unit in turn being arranged at an angle with respect to any vertical of the construction machine, so that the first distance sensor in each case is aimed and formed at the layer at a first angle in relation to the vertical is to determine a first distance from the layer, so that the respective second distance sensor is aimed at the layer at a respective second angle relative to the perpendicular and is designed to determine a second distance from the layer. The first measuring unit is aimed at an area of the layer in front of the construction machine (seen in a current direction of travel of the construction machine), with the second measuring unit being aimed at an area of the layer behind the construction machine (again in the current direction of travel).

The calculation unit is designed to calculate the degree of settlement of the layer thickness based on the known angle of the first measuring unit, the known angle of the second measuring unit, the first and the second distance, determined with the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance, determined with the second to determine the unit of measurement.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are based on the finding that a rolling or slump dimension can be determined by means of a measuring device arranged on a roller or compactor. The use of one or more measuring devices, as explained in DE 10 2016 207 841 A1 (cf. FIG. 2), is suitable here. Depending on the design, two distance sensors, for example two (laser distance) sensors, are arranged at the front and/or rear of the roller at a specified angle to one another to measure the settlement of the asphalt surface during the rolling process or to determine the rolling dimension , so that measurements are taken both on an area that has not yet been rolled or on an area that is to be rolled (e.g. area in the direction of travel or in the direction of a road finisher driving in front of the roller) and on an area that has already been rolled. Through these readings in combination With a few geometric parameters that describe the arrangement of the measuring unit or measuring units, it is possible to determine the degree of settlement. This is advantageously possible independently of the layer thickness measurement system used on the road finisher and also independently of the layer thickness to be paved. Based on the degree of settlement, as will be explained in detail below, the layer thickness (material layer thickness) to be paved with the road finisher can advantageously be automatically corrected and does not have to be based on assumptions or empirical values of the paving personnel, as was previously the case. The result is that a required (target) layer thickness is achieved after rolling.

Another advantage is that the layer thickness measurement system, as described in DE 10 2016 207 841 A1, is easy to install and calibrate and, based on the new arrangement, can also be used to determine the offset and thus also the settlement of two surfaces ( a processed, rolled surface and a still unprocessed (not yet rolled surface) can be used very well.Using the laser distance sensors used in corresponding exemplary embodiments (arranged at a predetermined angle to one another per measuring unit), very high accuracies can also be achieved.

At this point it should be noted that in the basic configuration with a measuring unit, this can be arranged in the front area, for example. The slump is then measured in particular in the direction of travel of the roller. In the extended exemplary embodiment with the second measuring unit, the second measuring unit can be arranged in the rear area of the roller, so that a measurement can take place both when driving forwards and when driving backwards. In addition, it would also be conceivable that in this exemplary embodiment the initial height or attachment height of the one or two measuring units is not used at all, but that the slump is determined by calculating the difference between the two heights.

According to the exemplary embodiments, the distance sensors are non-contact sensors, e.g. B. realized by laser distance sensors. Such sensors are to be aligned with high precision and precisely to surface points. It would also be conceivable here to use ultrasonic or radar sensors with a narrow sound or beam lobe.

Details for the calculation according to the exemplary embodiments are explained below. According to one embodiment, the calculation unit is designed to determine a second height value based on the known angle of the second measuring unit and the first and the second distance determined with the second measuring unit, and based on the first and the second height value or based on a difference between the first and the second height value to determine the degree of settlement of the layer thickness.

According to the further exemplary embodiments, the calculation unit is designed to determine an altitude value for each measurement unit based on the following formula:

where A1 is the first distance, A2 is the second distance and a is the known angle for the respective first or second measuring system (or first or second measuring unit).

According to further exemplary embodiments, the method for determining the degree of settlement can be made significantly more robust by averaging. Further exemplary embodiments therefore create a calculation unit which is designed to carry out an averaging over time or over a (possibly predefined) number of measurements in order to average the height values over time or over a (possibly predefined) number of to perform measurements, or to perform an averaging of a value for the settlement / the degree of settlement over time or over a (possibly predefined) number of measurements.

(Optional) details regarding the arrangement of the measuring units or distance sensors are determined below. According to the exemplary embodiments, the first and the second measuring unit are arranged at the same height or at least at a known height in relation to the layer or a height plane of the layer. The known height naturally also includes the fact that the measuring units can be arranged with a height offset relative to one another or, in particular, with a known height offset relative to one another. The first measuring unit is seen on a first side such as e.g. B. arranged on a front side, while the second measuring unit is arranged in the direction of a main direction of travel on the second side or rear side. For example, assuming a compaction machine, the two measuring units can be located on each of its front and rear bracket for the roller bandages can be provided. At this point it should be noted that the current direction of travel can vary depending on the compaction direction.

According to a further embodiment, the measuring system comprises a third and/or a fourth measuring unit. These are e.g. B. arranged parallel to the first and / or second measuring unit. Furthermore, the calculation unit is designed to determine the degree of settlement over an area from the determined first and second distances of the first and third or the second and fourth measuring unit; or wherein the and/or second measuring unit is pivotably arranged, so that the calculation unit is designed to determine the degree of settlement over an area.

At this point it should be noted that the respective first and/or second distance sensor is aimed at a point in the layer thickness which, for example, B. is spaced at a distance ranging from 0.2 meters to 3 meters.

According to the exemplary embodiment, the measurement system has a communication means, in particular a radio communication means. The means of communication or communication module is designed to transmit values for the degree of settlement “externally” or “externally to” a road finisher.

Another embodiment describes a construction machine such. B. a compressor with a corresponding measuring system. According to the exemplary embodiment, the construction machine can include two mounts for two roller bandages, with each mount for the roller bandage having an integrated further mount for the first or second measuring unit. According to exemplary embodiments, a carrier is arranged on the construction machine, on which the first and second measuring unit or corresponding holders for the first and second measuring unit are arranged. The carrier is preferably designed to be rigid and immovable.

A further exemplary embodiment creates a layer thickness control system comprising one of the measuring systems explained above and a further calculation unit or an integrated calculation unit, the calculation unit being designed to determine a correction value for the layer thickness from the values for the degree of settlement obtained from the measuring system. For the exemplary embodiments, the layer thickness of the layer to be applied, e.g. B. a paver adjusted and/or a parameter for the screed adjustment or a parameter for the material supply (on the road finisher) adjusted. For example, if the value for the settlement is smaller, the layer thickness can be corrected directly by this value for the settlement, i.e. increased, and if the value for the settlement is too large, the layer thickness can be corrected or increased step by step, for example to avoid larger cracks / transitions in to be avoided with the covering / the layer to be applied. The calculation unit is also designed to take values for the slump obtained from the measuring system as actual values and to compare them with one or more reference values. The reference value can be, for example, a last measured slump value or a slump value averaged over time or a (possibly predefined) number of measurements. For example, the layer thickness can be increased when the actual value is smaller than the reference value, and the layer thickness can be reduced when the actual value is too large compared to the reference value.

Further exemplary embodiments relate to a convoy of construction machines, comprising at least one compressor with a measuring system, as explained above, and a road finisher with a layer thickness control system, as explained above. According to further exemplary embodiments, the column can also comprise a number of compressors, with a number of values then being available for the degree of settlement and being used together. In this case, for example, an averaging can take place. Averaging, in which the min/max values for the slump are weighted, is also conceivable.

Embodiments of the present invention are based on the knowledge that the measured rolling dimension values (settlement of the asphalt surface during the rolling process) are then transmitted from the roller to the road finisher (e.g. wirelessly) (either directly or, for example, when using several rollers via one Server). At the road finisher, the measured rolling dimension value can then flow into a correction/regulation of the layer thickness, i.e. the layer thickness to be paved can be corrected in such a way that after a first section of a newly manufactured road, a required (target) layer thickness after rolling is reached. If several roller dimensions are available (e.g. when using several rollers that compact differently), an average value of the roller dimensions can be calculated and used for the correction/regulation of the layer thickness on the road finisher. This has the advantage that the correction can also have an effect on any material quantity calculation, since increasing the layer thickness to be paved on the road finisher also increases material consumption. This system then advantageously achieves the required (target) layer thickness achieved after rolling and corrections no longer have to be based on assumptions or empirical values, as was previously the case.

In summary, it can be stated that with the present invention or the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, on the one hand, a measuring device arranged on the roll for determining the rolling dimension is created and, on the other hand, a method is described, in which a specified (nominal) layer thickness, the means that a specified coating thickness is reached after rolling.

Embodiments of the present invention therefore also relate to a method for determining the settlement. The process can include the following key step:

Determining the degree of settlement of the layer thickness based on the known angle of the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance determined using the first measuring unit.

In a further exemplary embodiment with two measuring units, the determination based on the known angle of the second measuring unit and the first and the second distance, determined using the second measuring unit, is also used. Alternatively or additionally, the initial height of the measuring unit or measuring units or the attachment height(s) can also be taken into account in the determination.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, a method for regulating the layer thickness is created based on the method for determining the degree of settlement. The method then includes the additional step:

Outputting a value of the settlement measure for use as a correction value to a layer thickness control of a road finisher, a height control of a screed of a road finisher and/or a material transport device of a road finisher.

According to further exemplary embodiments, the method can also be computer-implemented.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now explained below with reference to the enclosed drawings. Show it: 1a, 1b schematic representations of road finishers with layer thickness detection devices;

2 shows a schematic representation of a device for determining a degree of settlement according to a basic exemplary embodiment;

3 shows a schematic representation of a convoy of construction machines comprising a road finisher and a compacting machine according to exemplary embodiments;

4 shows a schematic representation of a compacting machine according to exemplary embodiments;

5 shows a schematic representation of part of the measurement system to illustrate the functionality according to exemplary embodiments; and

6 shows a schematic representation of a compacting machine in communication with further units according to further exemplary embodiments.

Before exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying figures are explained below, it should be pointed out that elements and structures that have the same effect are provided with the same reference symbols, so that the description of them can be applied to one another or are interchangeable.

Before the following exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained, it should be pointed out that the state-of-the-art examples of known road finishers 10 with the layer detection device 30 and 40 that are schematically explained in FIGS. 1a and 1b can be used in combination with exemplary embodiments the description of details of these road finishers 10 is also to be understood as details of the invention.

A device for determining a degree of settlement in a construction machine is explained below with reference to FIG. The construction machine 60 is, for example, a compacting machine in the form of a roller. In the discussion of the exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that the compaction machine 60 is in Moved toward 60F. The area in front of the construction machine is not yet compacted and therefore has a greater layer thickness H _s , while the area behind the construction machine is compacted and has a smaller thickness H _s _−ΔHS . A reverse movement or compacting direction would of course also be conceivable, for example if the compacting machine 60 carries out the compaction in several passes.

FIG. 2 shows a compacting machine 60 which is designed to compact a road surface 22 to 24 which has been applied to a subsoil 21 . The mechanical energy required for this is introduced, for example, via the high weight of the compressor 60 and/or vibrations in the area 23 under the compaction machine 60 . The result of the compaction of the applied layer 22 in the area 23 is then a compacted layer 24 and a reduced thickness. Illustrated here as an example is the asphalt layer 24 which, starting from the initial height H _s , is compacted by ΔH _s in the area 22 . The tandem vibration roller 60 shown here with its two bandages 61 and 62 enables compaction by, for example, 1%, 2%, 5% or 10%, 15% or more (eg up to 20%) depending on the weight and vibrations. This means that, assuming a layer thickness _Hs of 10 cm, a settlement in the range of 1 mm to 10 mm or more would be conceivable. The compaction values vary depending on the screed used. In Europe, (highly) compacting screeds are used, whereas in the USA little or no pre-compaction is carried out by the screed. In the USA, therefore, compaction/settlement due to rolling is higher.

As a result of the settlement, the surface level in area 22 is higher than in area 24 .

According to the exemplary embodiments of the invention, the height difference ΔH _S is determined in order to determine the degree of settlement of the asphalt 22 to 24 . The measuring system 70 explained below is suitable for this. The measuring system 70 is arranged on the construction machine, here the compressor 60 . According to the exemplary embodiments, the measuring system 70 in the basic configuration includes the first measuring unit 71 and a calculation unit 73 and, in an extended configuration, also the second measuring unit 72. The units 71 and 72 are informational, e.g. B. connected to the calculation unit 73 via a cable connection or via a radio connection.

The units 71 and 72 have essentially the same structure and each have two distance sensors that work without contact. According to the examples For example, these distance sensors can be in the form of laser sensors, but ultrasonic or radar sensors with a narrow sound or beam lobe are also conceivable. At this point it should be noted that if one assumes that two distance sensors are used per measuring unit, this should be understood in such a way that two independent distance sensors do not necessarily have to be present, but one sensor can also be present that measures two distances at different distances Points on the surface in the area 22 and 24 of the asphalt layer 22 to 24 are determined. The two measurements per measuring unit 71 and 72 are marked with the reference numbers 71A1 and 71A2 for the measuring unit 71 and 72A1, 72A2 for the measuring unit 72. The distance vectors 71A1, 71A2, 72A1 and 72A2 each represent distances to be measured between the measuring unit 71 or 72 and the respective measuring point on the asphalt surface in area 22 or area 24. The measuring lines 71 A1 and 71A2 are angled towards one another, that is means enclosing the angle 71a. Analogous to this, the measurement vectors 72A1 and 72A2 enclose the angle 72a.

In the following discussion it is assumed that the height H _A z. B. the sensor unit 71 is known. If you imagine this geometrically, the length of the vector 71A1 or the vector 71A2 represents the length of the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle, which is defined as the cathetus or adjacent cathetus H _A _-ΔHS as well as the respective distance of the measuring point of the 71 includes measurement vectors 71A1 and 71A2. Even if the distances and the angles of the measurement vectors 71A1 and 71A2 relative to the vertical are not known, a system of equations can be determined from the geometric relationships of the two right-angled triangles, which has two unknowns and can be resolved according to _ΔHS . Assuming that HA can be determined via the vectors 72A2 and _72A1 (with knowledge of the angle _72σ ) and that this height is not subject to any settlement measure, it would even be conceivable to determine _ΔHS without knowing HA, e.g . B. when both heights of the measuring units 71 and 72 are identical or have a known offset.

With regard to details on the resolution of this measuring system, reference is made to DE 10 2016 207 841 A1 or the derivation in connection with FIGS.

The areas 22 and 24 are, for example, 25 cm or generally in the range of 20 to 300 cm away from the end of the construction machine 60 in the corresponding direction. As can be seen, the area 22 is in front of the bandages 61 and 62 of the compression processing machine 60 and is therefore not yet compacted or not yet compacted in the current compaction process, while area 24 has already been compacted in the current compaction run in the direction of travel 60 . As a result, the layer thickness H _s in the area 24 is reduced by the degree of settlement ΔH _s . If one assumes that the surface of the subsoil 21 runs parallel to the two surfaces in the area 22 and 24 , the surface level in the area 24 is reduced compared to the surface level in the area 22 . This knowledge can be used when determining the degree of settlement in that the offset between these two surface levels is determined as the degree of settlement. Consequently, it can be stated in a simplified manner that the degree of settlement of the asphalt 22, 23 and 24 by ΔH _S can be determined essentially by the difference H _s at position 22 and H _s at position 24 or in area 22, area 24.

The use of the settlement measure when the measuring system 70 is used together with a layer thickness controller or a layer thickness measuring system 30 and 40 is explained below.

3 schematically shows a self-propelled road finisher 10 and a compacting machine/road roller 60 driving behind it, viewed in the direction of travel F, in a side view. The road finisher 10 shown in Fig. 3 is similar to the road finishers 10 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, only instead of the chain drive 19 the road finisher 10 shown in Fig. 3 has a wheeled chassis, which, however, is secondary to the invention or is irrelevant. In addition to the components of road finisher 10 already described with reference to FIGS. 1a and 1b and marked with the same reference symbols, a layer thickness detection device 30, 40 arranged on road finisher 10 is shown here in general, i.e. only the most important components of a layer thickness detection device are shown schematically shown, such as sensors S and a calculation unit/signal processing device C electrically connected thereto. For the subject matter of the invention, it is irrelevant which type of layer thickness detection device 30, 40 is used to measure a thickness _Hs of a newly applied layer of road surface 22 on the road finisher 10 will. Examples of different types of already known layer thickness detection devices on road finishers are mentioned at the beginning of the prior art. The road finisher 10 shown in Fig. 3 moves during the laying of material on a subsurface 21 in the direction of travel F and lays new road surface material 50, i.e. the road finisher 10 lays a new road surface 22 in a (specified or constant ) thickness H _s manufactured. The road roller 60 driving behind the road finisher 10 comprises two roller bandages 61 and 62 and moves on the Surface 22s of the new road surface 22 both in the direction of travel F and in the opposite direction to compact the road surface 22 accordingly. The layer thickness (installation thickness) H _s of the new road surface 22 is reduced by a value _ΔHS , when driving over it in the direction of travel F, this value being composed of the values _ΔHS1 and _ΔHS2 , as in FIG. 4 and 6 shown. Thus, a (final) road surface thickness after rolling no longer corresponds to the layer thickness (layer thickness) H _s originally applied by the road finisher 10, but to a road surface thickness reduced by _ΔHS , i.e. a road surface thickness reduced by the rolling dimension _ΔHS . In order to be able to determine the rolling dimension _ΔHS during the rolling process, the road roller 60 has a rolling dimension detection system 70. The rolling dimension detection system 70 comprises a front measuring unit 71 and a rear measuring unit 72 as well as a calculation unit/signal processing device 73, with which the Measuring units 71 and 72 are electrically connected. Both measuring units 71 and 72 work without contact, ie have no contact with one of the road surface 22s, 23s or 24s or one of the road surfaces 22, 23 or 24 on which the roller 60 moves itself. Each measuring unit 71 and 72 comprises a first and a second distance sensor, preferably a (laser) distance sensor, which are arranged at a known angle o to one another (see detailed representation in FIG. 5) and by means of emitted laser beams 71A1, 71A2, 72A1 and 72A2 (see Fig. 4) measure distances to the pavement surfaces 22s and 24s. The calculation unit/signal processing device 73 determines the rolling dimension _ΔHS from the measured distances and transmits this value via a data communication device 77, which is also electrically connected to the calculation unit/signal processing device 73, to the road finisher 10 driving ahead.

In order to be able to receive the rolling dimension _ΔHS from the road roller 60, a data communication device 17, such as WLAN or Bluetooth or the like, is arranged on the roof of the road finisher 10, which is electrically connected to the calculation unit/signal processing device C of the layer thickness detection device 30, 40 is. The calculation unit/signal processing device C is designed accordingly to correct the specified target value for the layer thickness to be paved (paving thickness) _Hs behind the screed 12 by the received roll gauge value _ΔHS , such that after a first section of a newly built road 24 a required or specified (target) layer thickness, which can preferably be set on the layer thickness detection device 30, 40, is achieved after the rolling. Furthermore, both on the road roller 60 and on the road finisher 10 each have one Position determination device 78 or 18, such as GPS or generally GNSS, is arranged, with position determination device 78 being electrically connected to calculation unit/signal processing device 73 of road roller 60, and position determination device 18 being electrically connected to calculation unit/signal processing device C of road finisher 10 A position of the road roller 60 is continuously determined with the position determination device 78, which is then, for example, stored together with the rolling dimension value ΔH _S for further evaluations in the calculation unit/signal processing device 73 or is also transmitted to the road finisher 10 together with the rolling dimension value _ΔHS in order to have a position-related or area-related rolling dimension value ΔH _S available on the road finisher 10 . Furthermore, the direction of travel of the road roller 60 can also be determined by means of the position determination device 78, which is required for a calculation of the maximum roller dimension value _ΔHS . This is because compaction of the newly applied road surface 22, 23 and 24 already decreases with a second pass over an area that has already been rolled, ie after a second pass over an area that has already been rolled, the value for the (total) rolling dimension ΔH increases _S , i.e. the difference between the paving thickness H _s and the pavement thickness, usually does not increase as much as after the first pass. The road roller 60 moves on the surface 22s, 23s and 24s of the new road surface 22, 23 and 24 both in the direction of travel F and in the opposite direction to compact the road surface 22, 23 and 24 accordingly /Increase in the (total) roll gauge value ΔH _S with each pass. If the rolling dimension value _ΔHS hardly increases any more while the road roller 60 passes over an area that has already been rolled, then the compaction of the newly applied road surface 22, 23 and 24 is probably approaching a maximum, so that this is a very precise value for the (total) rolling dimension _ΔHS , which can then be transmitted, for example, via the data communication device 77 to the road finisher 10 driving ahead. Based on exemplary embodiments, it can also be determined here how much the total value for _ΔHS measured on the roll changes, and a final value for _ΔHS can thus be determined. If, for example, a change in _ΔHS is less than 1 mm or less than 5 or 10% of the initial value, then the total value of _ΔHS determined up to that point (total value for the slump) can be viewed as the final value and transmitted to the road finisher. The roller driver can also be shown that the slump has changed only slightly and that he can then, for example, end compaction. Furthermore, based on the statements above, it can also be determined how the measured values of the measuring units 71 and 72 differ. If the difference between the measured values of the measuring units 71 and 72 is, for example, less than 0.5 mm or less than 1 mm, or less than 5 or 10%, then it can be assumed that the slump _ΔHS changes only slightly and that there is compaction can end. The total value of ΔH _S determined up to that point (total value for the slump) can then be viewed as the final value and, for example, transmitted to the road finisher or displayed to the roller driver.

Furthermore, the measured values of the measuring units 71 and/or 72 and/or the determined total value of ΔH _S (total value for the slump) can be compared with a compaction measured value, determined by a compaction measuring system (not shown in the figures) that is also arranged on the road roller 60 ), to be matched. Such a compaction measuring system is described, for example, in EP 3 147 406 A1. A coupling of the slump determination with a compaction measurement thus takes place on the road roller 60 . This makes it possible to give the two measuring systems an additional input value, which can be used to determine an optimal or maximum compaction value or a maximum slump _ΔHS that can be achieved. This is particularly advantageous with changing substrates (e.g. on bridges) to which the covering material to be compacted was applied, or with changing material properties (temperature, grain size, bitumen content, etc.). The roller driver can be shown in which area of the subsoil to be compacted an optimal point has been reached to end compaction and to avoid possible under- or top-compaction of the subsoil.

4 and 5 relate essentially to the roll measurement system 70 on the road roller 60, which (as already described above) comprises a front measuring unit 71 and a rear measuring unit 72. Two laser distance sensors are arranged on each measuring unit 71 and 72 . Since both measuring units are essentially identical, the measuring principle (as shown in FIG. 5 ) is only described in more detail for the front measuring unit 71 . The explanations also apply analogously to the rear measuring unit 72. One of the two laser distance sensors of the measuring unit 71 is arranged angled at a first angle γ with respect to any vertical 60s. This angle γ is spanned by the laser beam 71A1 and the perpendicular 60s. Furthermore, the arrangement of the laser measuring unit 71 is chosen so that the second laser distance sensor with a second angle γ + σ relative to the perpendicular 60s. Here, the angle γ+σ is again determined between the perpendicular 60s and the laser beam 71 A2. As can already be seen from the nomenclature, the two angles γ and γ + σ differ in the fixed and known angle a. In other words, it means that, independently of the angle γ, the two laser distance sensors are aligned with the surface of the newly applied asphalt layer 22s in such a way that the angle σ is spanned between the respective laser beams 71A1 and 71A2. The laser measuring unit 71 is also arranged at a known height HA. According to FIG. 5, this known height relates to the surface of the newly applied asphalt layer 23s, which here forms the base plane on which the roller 60 or the roller bandage 61 stands. Due to the fact that the roller 60 or the roller bandage 61 as the contact surface has a fixed reference to the attachment location of the laser measuring unit 71, the height HA is constant and known. The laser measuring unit 71 or, to be more precise, the laser distance sensors are designed to determine the distance to the impact points of the laser beams 71A1 and 71A2. This results in the determined lengths/distances A1 and A2. Based on the two determined distances A1 and A2 between the laser distance sensors 71A1 and 71A2 and the respective impact points on the surface of the asphalt 22s as well as the known height HA and the known angle a, the rolling dimension value _ΔHS be determined:

The equation results from solving a system of equations consisting of two equations (I and II) according to ΔH _S . The mathematical derivation is as follows:

These equations are solved for _ΔHS as follows:

With and

follows then

In the last step, this results in the above equation for ΔH _S :

As can be seen, the rolling dimension _ΔHS is to be determined independently of the angle γ, so that imperfections when arranging the laser measuring unit 71 in relation to the perpendicular 60s are irrelevant as long as the laser beams 71A1 and 71A2 hit the asphalt layer 22.

At this point it should be noted that the above formula for _ΔHS uses, for example, the measurement vectors 71A1 and 71A2 as values for A1 and A2. If you use the same formula for the geometric vectors starting from the measuring unit 72, i.e. with 72A1 for A1 and 72A2 for A2, you can make the assumption that _ΔHS is equal to 0 for the measuring unit 72 and solve the formula for H _A . This H _A can then in turn be used in the above formula for the rolling gauge, resulting in the following formula:

This formula therefore represents the possibility of determining the degree of settlement _ΔHS without the height _HA , assuming that the two measuring units 71 and 72 are mounted at the same height.

If, according to further exemplary embodiments, it is assumed that these are fitted at different heights, this difference in height must also be included in the calculation in the sense of an offset.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the measuring units 71 and 72 are arranged on the roller 60 at approximately the same mounting height H _A . However, it is also conceivable and also possible for the attachment heights of the measuring units 71 and 72 to be different. The attachment height(s) H _A should be known, but it is also possible that this can be determined by means of a calibration run. If, for example, the attachment height H _A of a measuring unit 71 or 72 cannot be determined or cannot be determined exactly, it is possible to adjust or calibrate the roll measurement system 70 after it has been mounted on the roller 60, but before the newly laid asphalt is actually rolled. This can be done by calibrating the device on a preferably level base (reference surface). During the laying of the asphalt and subsequent rolling, the change in the thickness of the newly laid asphalt layer can then be measured by measuring the lengths/distances A1 and A2 determined by the measuring units 71 and 72 compared to those determined before the asphalt was laid Lengths/distances A1 and A2 vary. Based on this, the calculation unit/signal processing device 73 can then calculate back the actual mounting height H _A . Alternatively, it would also be possible to arrange a further measuring unit at the height of the first measuring unit 71 or at a fixed, varying height that, for example, in the front area of the roller 60 continuously or initially measures the distance from the base plane. In this way, the initial height can be determined if the height relationship between the two measuring units is known.

When arranging the measuring units 71 and 72 on the construction machine/roller 60, it is also conceivable to use a preferably rigid and immovable carrier (not shown in the figures). The first and second measuring units 71 and 72 or corresponding holders for the first and second measuring units 71 and 72 are arranged on this carrier. The carrier itself is arranged on the construction machine/roller 60 in such a way that mechanical twisting through the construction machine/roller 60 and from it is advantageously avoided subsequently measuring errors of the measuring units 71 and 72 are eliminated or minimized. The two measuring units 71 and 72 are connected to one another by means of the carrier in such a way that only slight twisting can occur. The carrier can be attached to the construction machine/roller 60, for example on the chassis, for example screwed, welded or the like.

Furthermore, it would also be conceivable for the roll dimension detection system 70 to include means for pivoting the measuring units 71 and 72 vertically and/or horizontally. This makes it possible to “scan” the surface 22s, 24s of the newly laid asphalt over the entire width of the road or over the entire length in order to determine the rolling dimension ΔH _S in the area.

With reference to the above exemplary embodiments, it should be pointed out once again at this point that an advantage of the two measuring units (a front and a rear area) is that when the direction of travel changes, the slump can also be determined in the other direction of travel. This is done, for example, when viewed in the direction of travel, a first value for the slump is determined with the first measuring unit, while viewed in the opposite direction of travel, a further slump is determined with the second measuring unit, which can then be added up to form a first value .

In the above exemplary embodiments it was therefore assumed that two measuring units (one directed to the front and one to the rear) are used. According to a basic configuration, it would also be conceivable that only one measuring unit, e.g. B. directed in the direction of travel in the area in front of the road finisher. Here, for example, a height value is then determined, with the slump resulting from the difference between this height value and a predetermined height value (attachment height) of the measuring unit without compaction. In this respect, the unit 72 is optional, for example in the exemplary embodiment in FIG.

This basic exemplary embodiment is therefore based on the assumption that the measuring unit is at a constant height in relation to the compacted subsoil, while the area in front of the compactor, which is scanned using one measuring unit, is not compacted and is therefore "higher". lies. Based on this height value, the slump can be determined. This therefore means that, according to exemplary embodiments, only one measuring unit is used in combination with a calculation unit in order to average the slump measure. Here, if the measuring unit is arranged in the front area, in particular the compression of the drum in the front area is determined, while the compression by the second (rear) drum is rather neglected.

In order to precisely determine the degree of slump through the rear roller bandage, it would be conceivable, according to exemplary embodiments, for a further or second measuring unit to be arranged between the two roller bandages (ie, for example, in the middle). In this way, the expanded exemplary embodiment with the two measuring units (arranged in the front and rear area of the roller) could also be expanded. This would result in an even more precise value for the slump, since a compaction/settlement (slump), which is caused by the front and the rear roller, is determined separately. This also takes place independently of the change in direction of travel, so that, for example, viewed in the direction of travel, a first measured value for the slump is measured with the first and the middle measuring unit and in the opposite direction of travel with the second and the middle measuring unit another slump is determined, which then becomes the first value can be added.

It is also conceivable that two (or more) measuring units are arranged in the front and/or rear area on the road roller 60, with these then being arranged parallel to one another or next to one another, for example. The calculation unit/signal processing device 73 of the road roller 60 is consequently designed to determine the rolling dimension _ΔHS over the area based on the two (or more) measuring units.

At this point it should be noted again that, although in some embodiments there is always talk of a laser measuring unit or laser distance sensors, it is also entirely conceivable to use other types of sensors, for example ultrasonic or radar sensors with a narrow sound or beam lobe.

Although some aspects have been described in the context of a device, it should be understood that these aspects also represent a description of the corresponding method, so that a block or component of a device also counts as a corresponding method step or as a feature of a method step understand is. Similarly, aspects described in connection with or as a method step also constitute a description of a corresponding block or detail or feature of a corresponding apparatus. Some or all of the method steps may be implemented by hardware apparatus (or under using a hardware ware apparatus), such as a microprocessor, a programmable computer or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, some or more of the key process steps can be performed by such an apparatus.

Depending on the particular implementation requirements, embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or in software. Implementation can be performed using a digital storage medium such as a floppy disk, DVD, Blu-ray Disc, CD, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM or FLASH memory, hard disk or other magnetic or optical memory, on which electronically readable control signals are stored, which can interact with a programmable computer system in such a way that the respective method is implemented. Therefore, the digital storage medium can be computer-readable.

Some exemplary embodiments according to the invention thus include a data carrier which has electronically readable control signals which are capable of interacting with a programmable computer system in such a way that one of the methods described herein is carried out.

In general, exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a computer program product with a program code, with the program code being effective to carry out one of the methods when the computer program product runs on a computer.

The program code can also be stored on a machine-readable carrier, for example.

Other exemplary embodiments include the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein, the computer program being stored on a machine-readable carrier.

In other words, an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a computer program which has a program code for carrying out one of the methods described herein when the computer program runs on a computer. A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a data carrier (or a digital storage medium or a computer-readable medium) on which the computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein is recorded. The data carrier, digital storage medium, or computer-readable medium is typically tangible and/or non-transitory.

A further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a data stream or a sequence of signals which represents the computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein. The data stream or the sequence of signals can be configured, for example, to be transferred via a data communication connection, for example via the Internet.

Another embodiment includes a processing device, such as a computer or programmable logic device, configured or adapted to perform any of the methods described herein.

Another embodiment includes a computer on which the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein is installed.

A further exemplary embodiment according to the invention comprises a device or a system which is designed to transmit a computer program for carrying out at least one of the methods described herein to a recipient. The transmission can take place electronically or optically, for example. For example, the recipient may be a computer, mobile device, storage device, or similar device. The device or the system can, for example, comprise a file server for transmission of the computer program to the recipient.

In some embodiments, a programmable logic device (eg, a field programmable gate array, an FPGA) may be used to perform some or all of the functionality of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, a field programmable gate array may cooperate with a microprocessor to perform any of the methods described herein. In general, in some embodiments, the methods are performed by a any hardware device. This can be hardware that can be used universally, such as a computer processor (CPU), or hardware that is specific to the method, such as an ASIC, for example.

The devices described herein may be implemented, for example, using hardware apparatus, or using a computer, or using a combination of hardware apparatus and a computer.

The devices described herein, or any components of the devices described herein, may be implemented at least partially in hardware and/or in software (computer program).

The methods described herein may be implemented, for example, using hardware apparatus, or using a computer, or using a combination of hardware apparatus and a computer.

The methods described herein, or any components of the methods described herein, may be performed at least in part by hardware and/or by software.

The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It is understood that modifications and variations to the arrangements and details described herein will occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the following claims and not by the specific details presented in the description and explanation of the exemplary embodiments herein.

Reference list:

10 pavers

11 mix bunker / material bunker

12 screed

13 pull arm

14 Distribution auger, lateral distribution device

15 pull point

16 rear edge of screed

17 Data communication device (WLAN / Bluetooth / ... )

18 positioning device (GPS / GNSS / ... )

19 track drive

21 underground

22, 23, 24 New road surface (after installation or after rolling)

22s, 23s, 24s New pavement surface (after paving or after rolling)

30, 40 layer thickness measurement system / layer thickness detection system

31, 32 (distance) sensors

31k, 32k (cable) connections

33 calculation unit/signal processing device

41 measurement unit

42s vertical

50 pavement material (asphalt material)

60 road roller

60s vertical

60F direction of travel

61, 62 roller bandages

70 roll measurement system

71, 72 measurement unit

71σ, 72σ angles

71A1, 71A2 laser beams measuring unit

72A1, 72A2 laser beams measuring unit

73 calculation unit / signal processing device

74 Display and control unit

77 Data communication facility (WLAN / Bluetooth / ...)

78 positioning device (GPS / GNSS / ...) 71k, 72k, 77k, 78k (cable) connections

80 Network / Internet

81 data server

84, 85 data communication

90 mobile device

91 , 92, 93 Mobile device (laptop, smartphone, tablet PC, ...)

95 data communication interface

100 Data communication H _s Layer thickness (installation thickness) _ΔHS Change in layer thickness (change in installation thickness) _ΔHS1 , _ΔHS2 Change in layer thickness in sections 1 and 2

H _ref attachment height (height to reference/to background)

A Distance measuring points a,b Distances to the rear edge of the screed

L1 , L2 distances α, β angles

C Calculation unit / signal processing device (for layer thickness measurement or layer thickness control)

S Sensors (for layer thickness measurement) H _A Attachment height (height to reference/to background)

A1 , A2 distances σ, γ angles

F direction of travel

Claims

patent claims

1. Measuring system (70) for determining a degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) of a layer (22, 23, 24) with a layer thickness (H _s ) compacted by means of a construction machine (60), in particular a compactor, with the following features: a first measuring unit (71); and a calculation unit (73), the measuring unit comprising a first and a second distance sensor which are arranged at an angle to one another at a known angle (71σ, σ), the measuring unit being angled with respect to any perpendicular (60s) of the construction machine (60) is arranged so that the first distance sensor is aimed at the layer (22, 23, 24) at a first angle to the perpendicular (60s) and is designed to determine a first distance (71 A1, A1) to the same , and so that the second distance sensor is aimed at the layer (22, 23, 24) at a second angle to the perpendicular (60s) and is designed to determine a second distance (71A2, A2) to the same, the first measuring unit ( 71) is directed towards an area of the layer (22, 23, 24) in a current travel direction (60F) of the construction machine (60) in front of the construction machine (60); and wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to calculate the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) of the layer thickness (H _s ) based on the known angle (71σ, σ) of the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance (71 A1, 71A2, A1, A2), determined with the first measuring unit (71). . Measuring system (70) according to claim 1, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to measure the settlement (ΔH _S ) of the layer thickness (H _S ) taking into account an attachment height of the first measuring unit (71) or an initial height for uncompacted subsoil determine.

3. Measuring system (70) according to claim 2, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to, starting from the known angle (71σ, σ) of the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance (71A1, 71A2, A1, A2 ), determined with the first measuring unit to determine a first height value, and/or wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed, based on the mounting height or the initial height and the first height value or based on a difference between the mounting height or to determine the degree of settlement ( _ΔHS ) of the layer thickness (H _s ) from the initial height and the first height value.

4. Measuring system (70) according to claim 1, further comprising a second measuring unit (72), wherein the second measuring unit (72) refers to an area of the layer (22, 23, 24) in the current direction of travel (60F) behind the construction machine (60 ) is directed; wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to calculate the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) of the layer thickness (H _s ) taking into account the known angle (72σ) of the second measuring unit (72) and the first and the second distance (72A1, 72A2), determined with the second measuring unit (72).

5. Measuring system (70) according to claim 4, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to, starting from the known angle (72σ) of the second measuring unit (72) and the first and the second distance (72A1, 72A2), determined with the second measuring unit (72) to determine a second height value.

6. Measuring system (70) according to claim 5, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to calculate the degree of settlement ( _ΔHS ) based on the first and the second height value or based on a difference between the first and the second height value. to determine the layer thickness (H _s ).

7. Measuring system (70) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to determine a height value for each measuring unit based on the following formula:

where A1 is the first distance, A2 is the second distance and σ is the known angle (71a, 72a) for the respective first or second measuring system (70). 8. Measuring system (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to carry out an averaging over time or over a number of measurements to averaging the height values over time or over a number of to perform measurements, or to perform an averaging of a value for the degree of settlement ( _ΔHS ) over time or over a number of measurements.

9. Measuring system (70) according to one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the first measuring unit (71) and the second measuring unit (72) are arranged at the same height or at a known height in relation to the layer (22, 23, 24), or the measuring units being arranged with a height offset relative to one another or a known height offset relative to one another.

10. Measuring system (70) according to one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the first measuring unit (71) is arranged on a first side or front side viewed in the direction of a main direction of travel of the construction machine (60) and the second measuring unit (72) in the direction of the main direction of travel second side or rear is arranged.

11 . Measuring system (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the current direction of travel (60F) varies depending on the compression direction.

12. Measuring system (70) according to one of claims 4 to 11, wherein the first and second measuring unit (72) comprises a laser measuring unit, and/or wherein the respective first and the respective second distance sensor of the first and/or second measuring unit each have one Laser distance sensor includes.

13. Measuring system (70) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring system (70) has a third and / or fourth measuring unit, which are arranged parallel to the first and / or second measuring unit, wherein the calculation unit (73) is designed to to determine the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) over an area from the determined first and second distances of the first and third or the second and fourth measuring unit; or wherein the and/or second measuring unit (72) is pivotably arranged, so that the calculation unit (73) is designed to determine the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) over an area. Measuring system (70) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective first and/or second distance sensor is aimed at a point of the layer (22, 23, 24) which is spaced apart by a distance which is in a range from 0.2 meters to 3 meters lies. Measuring system (70) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring system (70) comprises a communication module, in particular a radio module, wherein the communication module is designed to transmit values for the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) externally or externally to a road finisher. Construction machine (60), in particular a compressor with a measuring system (70) according to one of the preceding claims. Construction machine (60) according to claim 16, wherein the construction machine (60) comprises two holders for two roller bandages (61, 62) and wherein each holder for the roller bandage (61, 62) has a further holder for the first or second measuring unit heit (72) has integrated. Construction machine (60) according to Claim 16, a carrier being arranged on the construction machine (60), on which the first and second measuring unit or corresponding holders for the first and second measuring unit are arranged. Layer thickness control system (30, 40) comprising a measuring system (70) according to one of claims 1 to 15 and a calculation unit (C, 33), wherein the calculation unit (C, 33) is designed to calculate from the measuring system ( 70) to determine a correction value for the layer thickness (H _s ) from the values obtained for the degree of settlement ( _ΔHS ). Layer thickness control system (30, 40) according to claim 19, wherein the correction value is used to adjust the layer thickness (H _s ) of the layer (22, 23, 24) to be applied and/or a parameter for the screed adjustment or a parameter for the material supply is adjusted. Layer thickness control system (30, 40) according to claim 20, wherein the calculation unit (C, 33) is adapted to receive from the measuring system (70). To take values for the settlement measure ( _ΔHS ) as actual values and to compare them with one or more reference values.

22. Construction machine column comprising at least one compressor with a measuring system (70) according to one of claims 1 to 15 and a road finisher with a layer thickness control system (30, 40) which comprises a calculation unit (C, 33), the calculation unit ( C, 33) is designed to determine a correction value for the layer thickness (H _s ) from the values for the degree of settlement ( _ΔHS ) obtained from the measuring system (70).

23. Construction machine gang according to claim 22, wherein the gang comprises a further compressor and wherein the plurality of values for the degree of settlement ( _ΔHS ) are used together and/or are used together after averaging.

24. A method for measuring a degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) of a layer (22, 23, 24) compacted by means of a construction machine (60), in particular a compactor, with a layer thickness (H _s ) using a first measuring unit, the Mes - unit comprises a first and a second distance sensor, which are arranged at an angle to one another at a known angle (71 o, o), the measuring unit being arranged at an angle in relation to any vertical (60s) of the construction machine (60), so that the first distance sensor is aimed at the layer (22, 23, 24) at a first angle to the perpendicular (60s) and is designed to determine a first distance (71 A1 , A1 ) to the same, and so that the second distance - the sensor is aimed at the layer (22, 23, 24) at a second angle to the perpendicular (60s) and is designed to determine a second distance (71A2, A2) to the same, the first measuring unit (71) focusing on an area the layer thickness (H _s ) in a current direction of travel (60F) of the construction machine (60) in front of the construction machine (60), with the following steps:

Determination of the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) of the layer thickness (H _s ) based on the known angle (71σ, σ) of the first measuring unit and the first and the second distance (71 A1 , 71A2, A1 , A2), determined with the first measuring unit. Method for layer thickness control using the method according to claim 24, with the following step:

Outputting a value for the degree of settlement (ΔH _S ) for use as a correction value to a layer thickness control of a road finisher, a height control of a screed of a road finisher and/or a material transport device of a road finisher. Computer program with a program code for carrying out one of the methods according to claim 24 or 25, when the method runs on a computer.