WO2022037377A1 - 阀门旋转角度检测装置及相关设备 - Google Patents

阀门旋转角度检测装置及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022037377A1
WO2022037377A1 PCT/CN2021/108911 CN2021108911W WO2022037377A1 WO 2022037377 A1 WO2022037377 A1 WO 2022037377A1 CN 2021108911 W CN2021108911 W CN 2021108911W WO 2022037377 A1 WO2022037377 A1 WO 2022037377A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
detected
component
valve
sensor
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PCT/CN2021/108911
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙发君
陈从填
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京源中科科技股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202021716867.4U external-priority patent/CN212645631U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010825563.XA external-priority patent/CN111780663A/zh
Application filed by 京源中科科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 京源中科科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022037377A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022037377A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0025—Electrical or magnetic means
    • F16K37/0041—Electrical or magnetic means for measuring valve parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0075—For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment
    • F16K37/0083—For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment by measuring valve parameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of means for transferring or converting the output of a sensing member
    • G01D2205/20—Detecting rotary movement
    • G01D2205/28—The target being driven in rotation by additional gears

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of fluid flow control, and in particular, to a valve rotation angle detection device and related equipment.
  • valve such as a ball valve
  • the adjustment angle has a large error in some working environments, which cannot meet the needs of users.
  • the present application provides a valve rotation angle detection device and related equipment to solve the problem that in the valve adjustment method of the related art, the adjustment angle error is large in some working environments and cannot meet the needs of users.
  • the present application provides a valve rotation angle detection device, comprising: a component to be detected, a sensor component corresponding to the component to be detected, and a controller connected to the sensor component; wherein,
  • the detected component is arranged on the gear of the deceleration motor; the deceleration motor is used to drive the valve to rotate;
  • the sensor assembly is arranged on the casing of the deceleration motor, and is used to make the controller obtain a pulse signal whenever the detected assembly is detected in a preset detection area;
  • the controller is used for determining the rotation angle of the valve based on the number of the obtained pulse signals.
  • the detected component is arranged on the outer edge of the gear of the reduction motor.
  • the gear of the reduction motor includes a reduction gear and a synchronous gear or a coaxial gear arranged on the reduction gear, and the detected component is arranged on the synchronous gear or the coaxial gear.
  • the gear of the reduction motor includes a multi-stage reduction gear, and the detected component is arranged on any stage of the reduction gear.
  • the gear is made of a non-conductive material
  • the component to be detected is made of a conductive material
  • the sensor component includes an LC oscillating circuit and an oscillating sensor for detecting a sine wave in the LC oscillating circuit.
  • the number of the sensor assemblies is two.
  • the detected component is made of magnetic material, and the sensor component includes a Hall switch.
  • the detected component is a magnetic steel.
  • the present application further provides a deceleration motor system, including the above deceleration motor and a corresponding valve rotation angle detection device.
  • the present application also provides a valve system, including the above-mentioned valve and a geared motor system.
  • the sensor component can be passed through the sensor component. Detect whether there is a detected component in the preset detection area.
  • the controller will obtain a pulse signal, so that the controller can determine the rotation circle of the gear where the detected component is located according to the number of obtained pulse signals. , and then precisely adjust the rotation angle of the valve based on the preset reduction ratio. Compared with the traditional adjustment method, the error is small and the accuracy is high, so it has high practicability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the setting position of a detected component in a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of circuit components in a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another setting position of a detected component in a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the basic principle of the LC oscillator circuit
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 7 is a working principle diagram of a Hall switch
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a geared motor system shown in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve system according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the basic principle is: determine the total number of revolutions of the rotor based on the rotational speed and running time of the motor rotor, and then based on the reduction ratio of the geared motor (a kind of transmission ratio) Calculate the rotation angle of the driven valve (the gear coaxial with the valve is directly driven), where the reduction ratio is a type of transmission ratio, generally expressed in the form of X:1, for example, 360:1 means that the motor gear rotates 360 circle, the driven gear rotates 1 circle. In this method, under different working environments, different degrees of errors will occur.
  • the motor speed will also fluctuate, which means that the motor speed is not a fixed value, which will lead to the calculation of There is an error in the total number of rotations of the rotor.
  • the flow rate of the liquid is different, and the resistance to the valve is also different. Even if the same voltage drives the valve to open and close once, the time is different, so it will eventually cause the valve to not rotate in place or rotate beyond the target position. That is, precise adjustment cannot be achieved.
  • the present application provides a valve rotation angle detection device and a geared motor system and a valve system including the device.
  • a valve rotation angle detection device and a geared motor system and a valve system including the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the setting position of the detected components in a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit in a valve rotation angle detection device shown in an embodiment of the application. Schematic diagram of component connection relationship.
  • the device includes: a detected component 1, a sensor component 2 corresponding to the detected component 1, and a controller 3 connected to the sensor component 2 (relative to the structure shown in Figure 1, the sensor The component 2 is arranged outside the paper, so it is shown in Figure 1); wherein, the detected component 1 is arranged on the gear of the deceleration motor; the deceleration motor is used to drive the valve to rotate; the sensor component 2 is arranged on the casing of the deceleration motor The upper part (the casing is not shown in the figure) is used to make the controller 3 obtain a pulse signal whenever the detected component 1 is detected in the preset detection area; the controller 3 is used to obtain a pulse signal based on the obtained pulse signal , which determines the rotation angle of the valve.
  • the power is transmitted between the reduction motor and the valve through multiple gears.
  • the driving gear 4 connected or meshed with the output shaft of the reduction motor obtains power from the motor output shaft, and then directly or indirectly transmits the power.
  • the driven gear 5 coaxial with the valve is given to drive the valve to rotate.
  • the driven gear 5 can also be connected with the pointer on the dial of the valve, so as to drive the pointer to rotate, and the current angle of the valve can be visually indicated by the pointer.
  • the detected component 1 arranged on the gear of the deceleration motor will make a circular motion with the rotation of the gear.
  • it will be detected by the sensor component 2.
  • it will not be detected by the sensor component 2, so when the sensor component 2 detects the detected component 1 twice, it indicates that the gear rotates once, and the controller 3 obtains two pulse signals.
  • the controller 3 can continuously obtain pulse signals, and can determine the total number of revolutions of the gear where the detected component 1 is located according to the accumulated number of pulse signals.
  • the reduction ratio between the gear of the detected component 1 and the driven gear 5 is calculated based on the number of revolutions of the gear of the detected component 1 to obtain the rotation angle of the driven gear 5, that is, the rotation angle of the valve is determined.
  • the control motor stops working to achieve precise control of the valve rotation angle.
  • the controller 3 may be an EFM32 series or similar single-chip microcomputer.
  • the detected component 1 is preferably arranged on the outer edge of the gear of the reduction motor, for example, arranged in one of the teeth as shown in FIG. 2. It has a certain detection range. When the detection range is exceeded, the detected component 1 cannot be detected. Therefore, when the detected component 1 is placed on the outer edge of the geared motor, it is convenient to find a suitable position to install the sensor component 2.
  • the sensor assembly 2 when the sensor assembly 2 is disposed on the casing of the geared motor, it can be directly fixed on the casing by means of screws or the like, or can be indirectly disposed on the casing through a structure such as a provided bracket.
  • the detected component 1 may be directly set on the original gear of the motor.
  • a synchronous or the same size as the original reduction gear that is coaxial with the original reduction gear can be installed.
  • set the detected component 1 on the synchronous or coaxial gear when there are other interference signals inside the motor, which may cause false detection of the sensor component 2, you can set a coaxial gear with the original reduction gear. Then, the detected component 1 is set on the synchronous gear, so that the detected component 1 and the sensor component 2 avoid the position of the interference signal.
  • the gear of the reduction motor generally includes a multi-stage reduction gear, and by setting the multi-stage reduction gear transmission ratio, the rotation speed of the driven gear 5 is controlled in a suitable range, and in the solution of the present application, It can be achieved by setting the tested component 1 on any stage of reduction gear (preset the transmission ratio of each stage of the gear, you can determine the required control accuracy, the closer the tested component 1 is installed to the motor side gear, the valve will be controlled. The higher the angle accuracy is), for example, as shown in FIG. 3 , the detected component 1 can be arranged on the middle transmission gear 6 .
  • the detected component 1 may not be just located in the preset detection area of the sensor component 2 at the moment when the motor starts, but needs to move a certain distance before being detected by the sensor component 2 for the first time. Detected, then it is equivalent to that when the sensor component 2 detects that the gear where the detected component 1 is located rotates one circle, the gear actually rotates more than one circle (but less than two circles), that is to say, the solution of the present application In theory, there will also be some errors, but the error will decrease with the increase of the reduction ratio between the gear where the detected component 1 is located and the driven gear 5. Based on this, in the specific implementation, if in order to obtain For greater positioning accuracy, the tested component 1 should be set on a reduction gear with a relatively larger reduction ratio as far as possible.
  • the detected component 1 is arranged on the gear of the deceleration motor, and the sensor component 2 and the controller 3 connected to the sensor component 2 are arranged at the corresponding positions of the deceleration motor housing, thereby Whether there is a detected component 1 in the preset detection area can be detected by the sensor component 2.
  • the controller 3 will obtain a pulse signal, and the controller 3 can obtain a pulse signal according to the number of obtained pulse signals. Determine the number of rotations of the gear where the detected component 1 is located, and then precisely adjust the rotation angle of the valve based on the preset reduction ratio. Compared with the traditional adjustment method, the error is small and the accuracy is high, so it has high practicability.
  • the solution in this embodiment is implemented based on the LC oscillation circuit, and is specifically implemented by detecting the sine waves at both ends of the capacitor C.
  • the LC oscillator circuit includes a power supply ⁇ , a capacitor C, an inductance L and a switch K. As shown in Figure 4, first the right contact of the switch K is closed, and the power supply ⁇ and capacitor C form a path, the power supply ⁇ charges capacitor C, and then the left contact of switch K is closed. At this time, capacitor C and inductor L form a path, and capacitor C discharges. Since inductor L consumes power, capacitor C will present a gradually decaying sine wave output on both sides.
  • a conductive material can be set in the gear made of non-conductive material (such as plastic) to make the detected component 1 (such as a piece of iron), and a sensor component 2 including an LC oscillating circuit and an oscillating sensor can be set at the same time, wherein The inductance coil in the LC oscillating circuit is arranged at the corresponding position of the component 1 to be detected.
  • the disc is a gear
  • the dark area of the disc is the tested component 1 made of conductive material
  • the white area is a non-conductive material
  • the inductance L is set Above the disc
  • the inductor L is connected to the capacitor C and the oscillation sensor (LE Sensor, Low Energer Sensor in Figure 5)
  • the capacitor C is connected to the power supply (the power supply is not shown).
  • the oscillation sensor and the controller 3 can be selected as integrated products.
  • the EFM32 series single-chip microcomputer shown in FIG. 5 integrates two oscillation sensors with low power consumption.
  • the solution in this embodiment is implemented based on the Hall effect, and is specifically implemented by detecting surrounding magnetic components through a Hall switch.
  • the Hall element is a switching element based on the Hall effect.
  • the Hall element on the switch detection surface will change the state of the internal circuit of the switch due to the Hall effect. Identify the presence of magnetic objects nearby, and then control the on or off of the switch.
  • FIG. 7 shows a circuit schematic diagram of a Hall switch.
  • a detected component 1 made of magnetic material, such as a magnetic steel, can be arranged in the non-magnetic material gear, and then a Hall switch is arranged as the sensor component 2 at the corresponding position. In this way, when the detected component 1 rotates to the detection area of the Hall switch, the circuit inside the Hall switch will change, which is equivalent to detecting the detected component 1 once.
  • the controller 3 can determine the number of rotations of the gear according to the number of times the detected component 1 is detected.
  • the model of the Hall switch can be selected according to the actual situation, for example, a feasible model is MRS201.
  • the present application can accurately determine the number of rotations of the gear where the detected component 1 is located, and then calculate the rotation angle of the driven gear 5, thereby realizing precise control of the valve.
  • the present application also provides a corresponding deceleration motor system, which includes the above deceleration motor and a corresponding valve rotation angle detection device.
  • the present application also provides a corresponding valve system, which includes the above-mentioned valve and the geared motor system.
  • the sensor component 2 can be passed through the sensor.
  • the component 2 detects whether there is a detected component 1 in the preset detection area.
  • the controller 3 will obtain a pulse signal, so the controller 3 can determine the detected component according to the number of obtained pulse signals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种阀门旋转角度检测装置，包括：被检测组件（1）、与被检测组件（1）对应设置的传感器组件（2）以及与传感器组件（2）相连接的控制器（3）；其中，被检测组件（1）设置在减速电机的齿轮上；减速电机用于驱动阀门旋转；传感器组件（2）设置在减速电机的外壳上，用于每当在预设检测区域中检测到被检测组件（1）时，使控制器获得一个脉冲信号；控制器用于基于获取到的脉冲信号的数量，确定阀门的旋转角度，进而基于预设的减速比精确调节阀门的旋转角度。检测误差很小，精确度很高。还提供一种减速电机系统和一种阀门系统。

Description

阀门旋转角度检测装置及相关设备 技术领域
本申请涉及流体流量控制技术领域，尤其涉及一种阀门旋转角度检测装置及相关设备。
背景技术
在流体的传输时，例如日常生活或工作中供水、供气和供油时，需要通过阀门(例如球阀)调节流体的流量，目前比较常见的方式为：基于时间控制减速电机驱动阀门旋转，在调节过程中，需要实时获取阀门的角度，从而将阀门旋转到指定的角度进而得到指定的流量。
不过，相关技术的阀门调节方式中，在某些工作环境下调节角度误差很大，不能满足用户的需求。
发明内容
本申请提供一种阀门旋转角度检测装置及相关设备，以解决相关技术的阀门调节方式中，在某些工作环境下调节角度误差很大，不能满足用户的需求的问题。
本申请的上述目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
第一方面，本申请提供一种阀门旋转角度检测装置，包括：被检测组件、与所述被检测组件对应设置的传感器组件以及与所述传感器组件相连接的控制器；其中，
所述被检测组件设置在减速电机的齿轮上；所述减速电机用于驱动所述阀门旋转；
所述传感器组件设置在所述减速电机的外壳上，用于每当在预设检测区域中检测到所述被检测组件时，使所述控制器获得一个脉冲信号；
所述控制器用于基于获取到的脉冲信号的数量，确定所述阀门的旋转角度。
可选的，所述被检测组件设置在所述减速电机的齿轮的外边缘。
可选的，所述减速电机的齿轮包括减速齿轮和设置在所述减速齿轮上的同步齿轮或同轴齿轮，所述被检测组件设置在所述同步齿轮或同轴齿轮上。
可选的，所述减速电机的齿轮包括多级减速齿轮，所述被检测组件设置在任一级减速齿轮上。
可选的，所述齿轮为非导电材质制成，所述被检测组件为导电材质制成，所述传感器组件包括LC振荡电路和用于检测所述LC振荡电路中的正弦波的振荡传感器。
可选的，所述传感器组件的数量为两个。
可选的，所述被检测组件为磁性材质制成，所述传感器组件包括霍尔开关。
可选的，所述被检测组件为磁钢。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种减速电机系统，包括上述的减速电机和对应的阀门旋转角度检测装置。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种阀门系统，包括上述的阀门和减速电机系统。
本申请的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
本申请的实施例提供的技术方案中，通过在减速电机的齿轮上设置被检测组件，并在减速电机外壳的对应位置设置传感器组件以及设置与传感器组件相连接的控制器，从而可以通过传感器组件在预设检测区域检测是否有被检测组件出现，当检测到被检测组件时，控制器会获得一个脉冲信号，由此控制器能够根据获得的脉冲信号的数量确定被检测组件所在齿轮的旋转圈数， 进而基于预设的减速比精确调节阀门的旋转角度。相比于传统的调节方式，误差很小，精确度很高，因此具有很高的实用性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置中的被检测组件设置位置示意图；
图2为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置中的电路组件连接关系示意图；
图3为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置中的被检测组件的另一种设置位置示意图；
图4为LC振荡电路的基本原理示意图；
图5为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置的具体结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置的工作原理示意图；
图7为一种霍尔开关的工作原理图；
图8为本申请实施例示出的一种减速电机系统的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的 描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
上述的基于时间控制减速电机驱动阀门旋转的调节方式中，其基本原理是：基于电机转子的转速和运行时间确定转子的总转数，然后再基于减速电机的减速比(传动比的一种)计算被驱动阀门(直接驱动的是与阀门同轴的齿轮)的旋转角度，其中，减速比是传动比的一种，一般以X：1的形式表示，例如360：1表示电机齿轮每旋转360圈，被驱动齿轮旋转1圈。该方式中，在不同的工作环境下，会产生不同程度的误差，例如，当电机电压产生波动时，电机的转速也会产生波动，也即导致电机转速不是定值，这就会导致计算出的转子总转数出现误差，又例如，液体的流速不同，对阀门的阻力也不同，即使同样电压驱动阀门开关一次的时间也不相同，所以最终会导致阀门旋转不到位或旋转超过目标位置，也即不能实现精确调节。
为了解决相关技术中不能对阀门旋转角度进行精确调节的问题，本申请提供一种阀门旋转角度检测装置以及包含该装置的减速电机系统和阀门系统。以下通过实施例进行详细说明。
实施例一
参照图1-2，图1为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置中的被检测组件设置位置示意图，图2为本申请实施例示出的一种阀门旋转角度检测装置中的电路组件连接关系示意图。
如图1-2所示，该装置包括：被检测组件1、与被检测组件1对应设置的传感器组件2以及与传感器组件2相连接的控制器3(相对于图1所示的结构，传感器组件2设置在纸面以外，因此图1中其示出)；其中，被检测组件1设置在减速电机的齿轮上；减速电机用于驱动所述阀门旋转；传感器组件2设置在减速电机的外壳上(图中外壳未示出)，用于每当在预设检测区域中 检测到所述被检测组件1时，使控制器3获得一个脉冲信号；控制器3用于基于获取到的脉冲信号的数量，确定阀门的旋转角度。
首先需要说明的是，减速电机与阀门之间是通过多个齿轮传递动力的，与减速电机的输出轴相连接或啮合的主动齿轮4从电机输出轴获得动力，然后直接或间接的将动力传递给与阀门同轴的被驱动齿轮5，进而带动阀门旋转。此外，被驱动齿轮5还可以与阀门的表盘上的指针相连接，从而带动指针转动，通过指针直观地指示阀门的当前角度。
在本实施例中，设置在减速电机的齿轮上的被检测组件1会随着齿轮的旋转而作圆周运动，当运动到预设检测区域时，会被传感器组件2检测到，而当运动到其他区域时，不会被传感器组件2检测到，从而当传感器组件2检测到被检测组件1两次时，表明齿轮旋转了一圈，此时控制器3获得两个脉冲信号，基于此，随着被检测组件1所在的齿轮不断旋转，控制器3能够不断获得脉冲信号，并能够根据累计获得的脉冲信号的数量，确定被检测组件1所在齿轮的总旋转圈数，然后，控制器3根据被检测组件1所在齿轮与被驱动齿轮5的减速比，基于被检测组件1所在齿轮的旋转圈数计算得到被驱动齿轮5的旋转角度，也即确定阀门的旋转角度，进而当确定阀门旋转到目标角度时，控制电机停止工作，实现对阀门旋转角度的精确控制。其中，控制器3可以是EFM32系列或类似的单片机。
此外，在具体实施时，被检测组件1优选为设置在减速电机的齿轮的外边缘，例如，如图1所示设置在其中一个齿中，如此，一是方便设置，二是，由于传感器组件2自身具有一定的检测范围，超出检测范围时无法检测到被检测组件1，因此将被检测组件1设置在减速电机的外边缘时，便于寻找合适的位置设置传感器组件2。另外，传感器组件2设置在减速电机的外壳上时，可以是通过螺钉等连接方式直接固定在外壳上，也可以是通过设置的支架等结构间接设置在外壳上。
进一步的，考虑到实际应用时，可能不方便直接在电机原来的齿轮上设 置被检测组件1，此时，可以在减速电机原来的减速齿轮上设置同步或同轴齿轮，然后将被检测组件1设置在同步或同轴齿轮上，例如，当原来的减速齿轮面积比较小，自身空间不足以设置被检测组件1时，可以设置一个与原来的减速齿轮同轴的、面积更大的同步或同轴齿轮，然后将被检测组件1设置在同步或同轴齿轮上，又例如，当电机内部还存在其他干扰信号因而可能导致传感器组件2的误检测时，可以设置一个与原来的减速齿轮同轴的同步齿轮，然后将被检测组件1设置在同步齿轮上，从而使被检测组件1和传感器组件2避开干扰信号的位置。
此外，需要说明的是，减速电机的齿轮一般包括多级减速齿轮，通过设定多级减速齿轮传动比，从而将被驱动齿轮5的旋转速度控制在合适的区间，而本申请的方案中，将被检测组件1设置在任一级减速齿轮上都能够实现(预先设定好各级齿轮的传动比，就可以确定需要的控制精度，安装的被检测组件1越靠近电机侧齿轮，则控制阀门角度精度越高)，例如，如图3所示，可以将被检测组件1设置在中间的传动齿轮6上。只是需要说明的是，由于在实际中，电机启动瞬间，被检测组件1可能并不是刚好位于传感器组件2的预设检测区域，而是需要运动一定距离后，才会被传感器组件2第一次检测到，那么就相当于，传感器组件2检测到被检测组件1所在的齿轮旋转一圈时，齿轮实际上是旋转了大于一圈的(但小于两圈)，也就是说，本申请的方案在理论上也会存在一些误差，不过该误差会随着被检测组件1所在的齿轮与被驱动齿轮5之间的减速比的增大而减小，基于此，在具体实施时，如果为了取得更大的定位精度，则应当尽量将被检测组件1设置在减速比相对更大的减速齿轮上。
本申请上述实施例所述的方案中，通过在减速电机的齿轮上设置被检测组件1，并在减速电机外壳的对应位置设置传感器组件2以及设置与传感器组件2相连接的控制器3，从而可以通过传感器组件2在预设检测区域检测是否有被检测组件1出现，当检测到被检测组件1时，控制器3会获得一个脉冲 信号，由此控制器3能够根据获得的脉冲信号的数量确定被检测组件1所在齿轮的旋转圈数，进而基于预设的减速比精确调节阀门的旋转角度。相比于传统的调节方式，误差很小，精确度很高，因此具有很高的实用性。
以上实施例一对本申请方案的整体情况进行了说明，为了使本申请的方案更清楚，以下将通过两个具体实例对相应的实现过程进行说明。
实施例二
本实施例的方案基于LC振荡电路实现，具体为通过检测电容C两端的正弦波实现。
参照图4，首先对LC振荡电路的基本原理进行说明，LC振荡电路中，包括电源ε、电容C和电感L以及开关K，如图4所示，首先开关K的右侧触点闭合，电源ε和电容C形成通路，电源ε为电容C充电，之后转变为开关K的左侧触点闭合，此时电容C和电感L形成通路，电容C放电，由于电感L会消耗电能，因此电容C的两侧将会呈现一个逐步衰减的正弦波输出。
基于上述原理，可以在非导电材质(例如塑料)制成的齿轮中设置一个导电材质制成被检测组件1(例如一块铁片)，同时设置包括LC振荡电路和振荡传感器的传感器组件2，其中LC振荡电路中的电感线圈设置在被检测组件1的对应位置。
为了更好的理解，结合图5进行说明，图5所示的结构中，圆盘为齿轮，圆盘的深色区域为导电材质的被检测组件1，白色区域为非导电材质，电感L设置在圆盘上方，电感L连接电容C和振荡传感器(图5中的LE Sensor，Low Energer Sensor)，电容C连接电源(电源未示出)。如此，当被检测组件1旋转到电感L下方时，由于电感L附件存在变化的磁场且被检测组件1是导电材质制成的，因此被检测组件1中会因电磁感应而产生涡流，产生涡流时也会消耗电能，从而导致正弦波的衰减速度加快(如图6中上方的正弦波所示)；而当齿轮的非导电材质部分旋转到电感L下方时，不会产生涡流，因 此正弦波的衰减速度基本不变(如图6中下方的正弦波所示)。基于上述原理，通过检测电容C两端的正弦波的衰减的快慢，即可准确识别出被检测组件1的位置，进而确定齿轮的旋转圈数。
此外，需要说明的是，本实施例中，当仅设置一组传感器组件2时，只能确定齿轮的旋转圈数，但不能确定齿轮的旋转方向，为了能够确定齿轮的旋转方向，可以如图5所示设置两组传感器组件2，其中，两组传感器组件2的电感线圈间隔一定的距离设置。通过综合考虑两组传感器组件2采集到的正弦波即可确定齿轮的旋转方向。
在具体实施时，振荡传感器和控制器3可以选择集成的产品，例如，图5所示的EFM32系列的单片机内部就集成有两个低功耗的振荡传感器。
实施例三
本实施例的方案基于霍尔效应实现，具体为通过霍尔开关检测周围的磁性件实现。
首先对霍尔效应进行说明，当电流垂直于外磁场通过半导体时，载流子发生偏转，垂直于电流和磁场的方向会产生一附加电场，从而在半导体的两端产生电势差，这一现象就是霍尔效应，这个电势差也被称为霍尔电势差。
霍尔元件是一种基于霍尔效应制成的开关元件，当磁性物件移近霍尔开关时，开关检测面上的霍尔元件因产生霍尔效应而使开关内部电路状态发生变化，由此识别附近有磁性物体存在，进而控制开关的通或断。图7示出了一种霍尔开关的电路原理图。
基于上述原理，可以在非磁性材质的齿轮中设置磁性材质制成的被检测组件1，例如磁钢，然后在对应位置设置霍尔开关作为传感器组件2。如此，当被检测组件1旋转到霍尔开关的检测区域时，霍尔开关内部的电路会发生变化，相当于检测到一次被检测组件1。基于以上原理，控制器3可以根据检测到被检测组件1的次数确定齿轮的旋转圈数。
在具体实施时，霍尔开关的型号可以根据实际情况进行选择，例如一种可行的型号为MRS201。
通过以上的方案，本申请能够精确确定被检测组件1所在的齿轮的旋转圈数，进而计算得到被驱动齿轮5的旋转角度，实现对阀门的精确控制。
此外，基于上述装置，如图8所示，本申请还提供相应的减速电机系统，该减速电机系统包括上述的减速电机和对应的阀门旋转角度检测装置。
此外，基于上述减速电机系统，如图9所示，本申请还提供相应的阀门系统，该阀门系统包括上述的阀门和减速电机系统。
本申请的所述方案中，通过在减速电机的齿轮上设置被检测组件1，并在减速电机外壳的对应位置设置传感器组件2以及设置与传感器组件2相连接的控制器3，从而可以通过传感器组件2在预设检测区域检测是否有被检测组件1出现，当检测到被检测组件1时，控制器3会获得一个脉冲信号，由此控制器3能够根据获得的脉冲信号的数量确定被检测组件1所在齿轮的旋转圈数，进而基于预设的减速比精确调节阀门的旋转角度。相比于传统的调节方式，误差很小，精确度很高，因此具有很高的实用性。
可以理解的是，上述各实施例中相同或相似部分可以相互参考，在一些实施例中未详细说明的内容可以参见其他实施例中相同或相似的内容。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种阀门旋转角度检测装置，其特征在于，包括：被检测组件、与所述被检测组件对应设置的传感器组件以及与所述传感器组件相连接的控制器；其中，
    所述被检测组件设置在减速电机的齿轮上；所述减速电机用于驱动所述阀门旋转；
    所述传感器组件设置在所述减速电机的外壳上，用于每当在预设检测区域中检测到所述被检测组件时，使所述控制器获得一个脉冲信号；
    所述控制器用于基于获取到的脉冲信号的数量，确定所述阀门的旋转角度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述被检测组件设置在所述减速电机的齿轮的外边缘。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述减速电机的齿轮包括减速齿轮和设置在所述减速齿轮上的同步齿轮或同轴齿轮，所述被检测组件设置在所述同步齿轮或同轴齿轮上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述减速电机的齿轮包括多级减速齿轮，所述被检测组件设置在任一级减速齿轮上。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述齿轮为非导电材质制成，所述被检测组件为导电材质制成，所述传感器组件包括LC振荡电路和用于检测所述LC振荡电路中的正弦波的振荡传感器。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述传感器组件的数量为两个。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述被检测组件为磁性材质制成，所述传感器组件包括霍尔开关。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述被检测组件为磁钢。
  9. 一种减速电机系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的 减速电机和对应的阀门旋转角度检测装置。
  10. 一种阀门系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求9所述的阀门和减速电机系统。
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