WO2022033363A1 - 介质交换装置 - Google Patents

介质交换装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022033363A1
WO2022033363A1 PCT/CN2021/110426 CN2021110426W WO2022033363A1 WO 2022033363 A1 WO2022033363 A1 WO 2022033363A1 CN 2021110426 W CN2021110426 W CN 2021110426W WO 2022033363 A1 WO2022033363 A1 WO 2022033363A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
piston
flow channel
medium
communicated
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PCT/CN2021/110426
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
翁福清
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成都赛拉诺医疗科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022033363A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022033363A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of medical equipment, and in particular, to a medium exchange device.
  • Heart valve replacement is often used to treat severe heart valve disease, replacing the diseased valve with a heart valve prosthesis.
  • transcatheter implanted heart valve prostheses one of which is the inflatable cuffed heart valve prosthesis in US Patent No. 2009/0088836.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a medium exchanging device for exchanging filling mediums.
  • the present disclosure provides a medium exchange device, the medium exchange device includes: a first cavity and a second cavity;
  • the medium exchange device is provided with an output interface communicated with one end of the first cavity, and an input interface communicated with one end of the second cavity;
  • the medium exchange device is provided with a first piston in the first cavity that can slide along the extending direction of the first cavity, and is provided in the second cavity with a first piston that can slide along the extending direction of the second cavity sliding second piston;
  • the medium exchange device further includes a pressure relief valve provided between the second cavity and the input interface.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a medium exchange device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is the sectional view and partial enlarged view of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the scale line schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a medium exchange device provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5 .
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a medium exchange device, which can be used, but not limited to, in the radiopaque medium (eg, contrast agent) of the heart valve prosthesis implant.
  • the exchange can also be applied to the exchange of media in other medical environments.
  • the medium exchange device can be used to inject a permanent filling medium (eg, a curing agent) into a balloon of a heart valve prosthesis, and at the same time replace the contrast agent in the balloon, of course, the medium exchange device can also be applied to Exchange between two different fluid media.
  • a permanent filling medium eg, a curing agent
  • the medium exchange device includes: a first cavity 1 ; and a second cavity 2 .
  • the medium exchange device is provided with an output interface 8 that communicates with one end of the first cavity 1 .
  • the medium exchange device is provided with a first piston 4 in the first cavity 1 that can slide along the extension direction or the length direction of the first cavity 1 .
  • the medium exchange device is provided with an input interface 9 that communicates with one end of the second cavity 2 .
  • the medium exchange device is provided with a second piston 5 in the second cavity 2 that can slide along the extending direction or the length direction of the second cavity 2 .
  • the medium exchange device is also provided with a pressure relief valve 100 and a medium receiving channel 900 .
  • the pressure relief valve 100 is provided between the second cavity 2 and the input interface 9 .
  • the medium receiving channel 900 communicates between the pressure relief valve 100 and the second cavity 2 .
  • the medium receiving channel 900 is provided with a regulating part 600 which can be steerably communicated with the atmosphere.
  • the exchange device When the implanted body medium is exchanged, the exchange device is communicated with the implanted body, and a closed lumen is formed between the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 .
  • the first piston 4 is driven by the pusher 3 to move toward the output port 8, the curing agent in the first cavity 1 flows out from the exchange device toward the prosthesis, and at the same time, the curing agent pushes the original medium in the implant from the implant.
  • the liquid flows into the second cavity 2 through the pressure relief valve 100 in the direction of the exchange device, and the liquid flowing into the second cavity 2 pushes the second piston 5 until the implanted body medium exchange is completed.
  • the cavity walls corresponding to the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are made of transparent material.
  • the doctor can observe the action state of the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 through the cavity wall during the operation, so as to determine whether there is leakage in the exchange system formed by the exchange device and the implant. .
  • the medium exchange device has a first tube body 10 and a second tube body 20 in which a first cavity 1 and a second cavity 2 are formed.
  • the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are integrally formed.
  • the cavity walls of the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 may be made of plastic, and further, they may be injection molded.
  • the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 (the first tube 10 and the second tube 20 ) can also be of separate structures, and the first tube 10 and the second tube 20 are arranged side by side through the connecting plate way to connect or directly side-by-side bonding and so on.
  • the medium exchange device may not be in the form of a tube to form the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • the medium exchange device may have a rectangular block (cuboid) main body, and a Two or more parallel cavities (eg drilled or integrally formed) so that two of them can be configured as a first cavity and a second cavity.
  • the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are linear cavities.
  • both the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are cylindrical cavities.
  • the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are arranged side by side (sometimes may also be referred to as parallel). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the length direction of the first cavity 1 and the length direction of the second cavity 2 are parallel, and the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 (or the first tube 10 and the The second tube body 20) is generally aligned and coextensive.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first cavity 1 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second cavity 2 .
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are the same. In this way, a closed lumen can be formed between the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 in the exchange system, and the movement amount of the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 is the same under the condition of no leakage, and the system can be judged accordingly. Whether there is leakage, to ensure the smooth progress of the medium exchange operation.
  • the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 can be kept flush, so during the exchange process, it can be determined whether there is leakage in the exchange system by confirming whether the travel distances of the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 are consistent, Convenient.
  • the first cavity 1 and the second Scale lines 18 and 28 are provided on the cavity walls corresponding to the two cavities 2 . Moreover, the scale line 18 on the first cavity 1 and the scale line 28 on the second cavity 2 are aligned with each other.
  • the scale line 18 is arranged on the side of the first pipe body 10 close to the second pipe body 20.
  • the scale line 28 is arranged on the second pipe body 20 close to the first pipe body. 10 side.
  • the scale lines of the cavity walls corresponding to the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are arranged side by side and have the same scale. Specifically, the scale values and ranges of the two scale lines are consistent, and the scale lines corresponding to the same scale value are along the Align one by one perpendicular to the length of the cavity. Considering that the cavity wall is made of transparent material, the scale line can be on the inner wall of the cavity or on the outer wall of the cavity. Of course, as a priority, in order to avoid the internal medium from affecting the reading of the scale line or contaminating the scale line, the scale line is located on the outer wall of the cavity. preferred embodiment.
  • the second piston 5 can be adjusted so that the second piston 5 and the first piston 4 are at the same scale position, so as to keep them flush, and during the exchange process, check whether the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 are not It moves synchronously and is always aligned with the same scale, so that it can quickly obtain whether there is leakage in the exchange system without calculation, and ensure the timeliness and accuracy of surgical operations.
  • a loading inlet 7 is further provided on the cavity wall corresponding to the first cavity 1 .
  • the loading inlet 7 is arranged close to the end of the first cavity 1 remote from the output structure 8 .
  • the loading inlet 7 may be provided with a loading plug 71 , and the loading inlet 7 can be blocked and opened by inserting and pulling the loading plug 71 .
  • the solution of pulling the first piston 4 through the pushing member 3 and sucking the curing agent into the first cavity 1 from the output port 8 is not excluded, so that additional openings on the cavity wall can be avoided. Simpler.
  • one end of the first cavity 1 away from the output interface 8 is protruded into the pushing member 3 for pushing the first piston 4 to move.
  • the pushing member 3 can push and pull the first piston 4 so that the first piston 4 moves back and forth along the first cavity 1 in the first cavity 1 .
  • the pusher 3 includes a handle 31 and an extending rod 32 connecting the handle 31 .
  • the penetration rod 32 penetrates into the first cavity 1 .
  • the first piston 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the extending rod 32 .
  • the outer wall of the extending rod 32 is provided with a first thread.
  • the inner wall of the cavity corresponding to the first cavity 1 is provided with a second thread matching the first thread on the side of the first piston 4 away from the output interface 8 .
  • the extending rod 32 can be designed as a threaded screw rod. The operator can drive the first piston 4 to move by holding the handle 31 and rotating the handle 31, thereby realizing the medium output under high pressure.
  • the intrusion rod 32 may protrude into the first cavity 1 in the form of a smooth wall surface, the intrusion rod 32 is fixedly connected with the handle 31, the inner wall of the handle 31 is provided with a first thread, the first The outer wall of the cavity corresponding to the cavity 1 is provided with a second thread matching the first thread on the side away from the output interface 8, and the handle 31 is sleeved on the outside of the end of the first pipe body 10 (that is, the first thread) through a threaded connection.
  • the first thread (internal thread) of the handle 31 cooperates with the second thread (external thread) on the outer wall of the cavity of the first cavity 1.
  • the medium can also be realized by rotating the handle 31. output at high voltage.
  • the pusher 3 can also be a push-pull handle 31 , and the outer wall of the extending rod 32 can be a smooth wall surface, and the push-pull movement of the first piston 4 is performed by the push-pull handle 31 .
  • the embodiment may be applicable to application scenarios where the medium output pressure is low.
  • the second cavity 2 has an inlet end 23 on one side of the second piston 5 and an outlet end 22 on the other side of the second piston 5 .
  • the inlet end 23 communicates with the medium receiving channel 900 .
  • the inlet end 23 is closer to the handle 31 than the outlet end 22 .
  • the liquid entering the inlet end 23 pushes the second piston 5 towards the outlet end 22 .
  • the inlet end 23 communicates with the pressure relief valve 100 through the medium receiving flow channel 900 .
  • the outlet 22 is in communication with the atmosphere.
  • the moving direction of the second piston 5 toward the outlet end 22 is the same as the pushed direction of the first piston 4 .
  • the outlet end 22 is provided with a baffle plate 24 , and the baffle plate 24 can limit the movement range of the second piston 5 .
  • the baffle 24 is provided with a hole 241 through which the baffle 24 penetrates.
  • the rod-shaped member is inserted into the second cavity 2 from the hole 241, and the position of the second piston 5 can be adjusted, for example, the initial assembly position of the second piston 5 can be adjusted.
  • the baffle plate 24 can be fixedly welded on the outlet end 22 or fastened on the outlet end 22 .
  • the medium receiving channel 900 communicates the pressure relief valve 100 with the second cavity 2 .
  • the medium receiving flow channel includes a straight flow channel 92 and a turning flow channel 93 communicating with the straight flow channel 92.
  • the turning flow channel 93 leads to the inlet end 23 of the second cavity 2, the straight flow channel 92 and the turning flow channel 93 is arranged in the cavity wall of the second cavity 2 .
  • the cavity wall of the second cavity 2 is provided with a straight flow passage 92 that communicates the pressure relief valve 100 with the second cavity 2 .
  • the adjusting portion 600 is disposed at the end of the straight flow channel 92 near the handle 31 (the end far from the pressure relief valve 100 ), so as to facilitate injecting liquid into the second cavity 2 and adjusting the position of the second piston 5 .
  • the straight flow channel 92 is arranged side by side with the second cavity 2 .
  • the cross-sectional area of the straight flow channel 92 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second cavity 2 , and both may be circular flow channels.
  • the third cavity arranged side by side with the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 constitutes a straight flow channel 92 .
  • the straight flow channel 92 and the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 may be integrally formed, for example, the three are injection-molded together.
  • one end of the straight flow passage 92 away from the pressure relief valve 100 is communicated with the inlet end 23 of the second cavity 2 through the turning passage 93 .
  • the turning channel 93 is perpendicular to the second cavity 2 and the straight flow channel 92 .
  • the adjusting part 600 is arranged at the turning point of the straight flow channel 92 leading to the turning flow channel 93 .
  • the adjustment part 600 includes an adjustment hole 6 provided on the channel wall of the turning channel 93 , and an adjustment plug 61 is provided corresponding to the adjustment hole 6 .
  • an adjustment plug 61 is provided corresponding to the adjustment hole 6 .
  • the blocking and opening of the adjusting hole 6 is realized.
  • the adjustment hole 6 After the adjustment hole 6 is opened, it communicates with the atmosphere, that is, the lumen between the pressure relief valve 100 and the second piston 5 is communicated with the atmosphere, so that the liquid can be filled with the lumen and the gas in the lumen can be eliminated.
  • the opening direction or orientation of the adjusting hole 6 may be perpendicular or parallel to the length direction (or axial direction) of the second cavity 2 .
  • the adjustment hole 6 When the adjustment hole 6 is arranged parallel to the length direction of the second cavity 2, it can be distinguished from the loading inlet 7, thereby facilitating the operator to distinguish the adjustment hole 6 from the loading inlet 7 (the opening direction of the loading inlet 7 in FIG. 2 ) Or the direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the first cavity 1 ), which is convenient for the operator to identify.
  • the first cavity 1 and the output interface 8 are communicated through the output pipe 81 .
  • the pressure relief valve 100 is communicated with the input port 9 through the input pipe 91 .
  • the output pipe 81 and the input pipe 91 are arranged side by side.
  • a pressure gauge 82 (such as a pressure gauge) for measuring the output pressure is also communicated between the output interface 8 and the first cavity 1 .
  • the pressure gauge 82 can be arranged on the output pipe 81 .
  • the pressure in the closed lumen between the first piston 4 and the second piston 5 can be observed through the pressure gauge 82 during the exchange process.
  • the pressure gauge 82 may also be disposed between the input interface 9 and the second piston 5, which is not the only limitation in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the pressure relief valve 100 has an opening pressure, wherein the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve 100 is greater than atmospheric pressure, and the expansion degree of the implant can be ensured by setting the pressure relief valve 100 .
  • the opening pressure is 6ATM.
  • the liquid input into the straight flow passage 92 can be prevented from being discharged from the pressure relief valve, Then, the liquid is injected into the inside of the adjusting hole 6 to fill the second cavity 2 to change the position of the second piston 5 .
  • the adjusting part 600 ′ includes: a connecting end 6 ′ that communicates with the second cavity 2 ′, and a connecting part 61 ′ that is detachably connected to the connecting end 6 ′ .
  • the pipeline where the pressure relief valve 100' is located is not an integrated structure with the first cavity 1 (the first pipe body 10) and the second cavity 2' (the second pipe body 20').
  • the pipeline where the pipeline is located can be disassembled and assembled on the main body where the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2' are located.
  • the input port 9' is provided on the pressure relief valve 100'.
  • the adjustment part 600' is a detachable connection structure.
  • the controllable manipulation of the communication of the adjustment portion 600' with the atmosphere is achieved in a detachable manner.
  • the connection portion 61' and the pressure relief valve 100 communicate with each other through the intermediate pipe 92'.
  • the connecting end 6' is provided with a Luer female connector
  • the connecting portion 61' is provided with a Luer male connector
  • the Luer female connector and the Luer male connector are threadedly connected.
  • the first piston 4 and the output interface 8 of the exchange device before exchanging the medium (the exchange device is not in communication with the implant): the first piston 4 and the output interface 8 of the exchange device, the input interface 9 and the second piston 5 can be firstly exchanged. Fill it with liquid in between to avoid air mixing and cause incomplete replacement of the medium; further, push the first piston 4 until the output pressure of the curing agent meets the specific exchange requirements and stop pushing, for example, in the exchange of heart valve implants
  • the output pressure of the curing agent is required to be 16 ⁇ 2ATM; finally, adjust the position of the second piston 5 so that the second piston 5 is aligned with the first piston 4 .
  • curing agent is filled between the first piston 4 and the output port 8
  • common medical liquid eg, physiological saline
  • common medical liquid eg, physiological saline
  • the alignment of the second piston 5 and the first piston 4 needs to be adjusted. 1, 2, the adjustment hole 6 is opened, and the physiological saline is injected and suctioned at the adjustment hole 6, the position of the second piston 5 is adjusted so that the second piston 5 is aligned with the first piston 4, and then Close the adjustment hole 6.
  • inject and aspirate saline from the female Luer connector (connecting end 6') adjust the second piston 5 to align with the first piston 4, and then align the male Luer connector with the first piston 4. Luer female connection.
  • any numerical value recited herein includes all values of the lower value and the upper value in one unit increments from the lower value to the upper value, where there is an interval of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value, i.e. Can.
  • the number of components or process variables eg, temperature, pressure, time, etc.
  • the intent is to illustrate that the The specification also explicitly lists values such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32, and the like.
  • one unit is appropriately considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1.
  • a plurality of elements, components, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, component or step may be divided into separate multiple elements, components, components or steps.
  • the disclosure of "a” or “an” used to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于对填充介质进行交换的介质交换装置，包括：第一腔体（1）和第二腔体（2）。介质交换装置设有与第一腔体（1）的一端连通的输出接口（8），以及与第二腔体（2）的一端连通的输入接口（9）。介质交换装置在第一腔体（1）内设有可沿第一腔体（1）延伸方向滑动的第一活塞（4），在第二腔体（2）内设有可沿第二腔体（2）延伸方向滑动的第二活塞（5）。介质交换装置还包括设于第二腔体（2）和输入接口（9）之间的泄压阀（100），以及连通在泄压阀（100）和第二腔体（2）之间的介质接纳流道（900）。

Description

介质交换装置
交叉参考相关引用
本公开要求于2020年8月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202010794048.X、发明名称为“介质交换装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及医疗器械设备领域，尤其涉及一种介质交换装置。
背景技术
心脏瓣膜置换术常用于治疗严重的心脏瓣膜病变，用心脏瓣膜假体代替病变瓣膜工作。经导管植入的心脏瓣膜假体种类繁多，其中一类如美国专利号NO.2009/0088836的带可充气套囊的心脏瓣膜假体。
中国专利公布号CN106794064A公开了将该类心脏瓣膜假体植入体内时，需要在假体的球囊内预先填充不透射线的介质，从而可以由血管造影术确定球囊位置。而当心脏瓣膜假体植入体内并调整为合适的位置后，需要将植入物内预填充的不透射线介质交换为永久性的填充介质。
发明内容
根据本公开的各种实施例，本公开的目的是提供一种介质交换装置，用于对填充介质进行交换。
本公开提供了一种介质交换装置，所述介质交换装置包括：第一腔体和第二腔体；
所述介质交换装置设有与所述第一腔体的一端连通的输出接口，以及与所述第二腔体的一端连通的输入接口；
所述介质交换装置在所述第一腔体内设有可沿所述第一腔体延伸方向滑动的第一活塞，以及在所述第二腔体内设有可沿所述第二腔体延伸方向滑动的第二活塞；
以及所述介质交换装置还包括设于所述第二腔体和所述输入接口之间的泄压阀。
参照后文的说明和附图，详细公开了本公开的特定实施方式，指明了本公开的原理 可以被采用的方式。应该理解，本公开的实施方式在范围上并不因而受到限制。
针对一种实施方式描述和/或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个或更多个其它实施方式中使用，与其它实施方式中的特征相组合，或替代其它实施方式中的特征。
应该强调，术语“包括/包含”在本文使用时指特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在或附加。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开一个实施例提供的介质交换装置立体示意图；
图2是图1的剖面图以及部分放大图；
图3是图1的刻度线示意图；
图4是图3的A-A剖视图；
图5是本公开另一个实施例提供的介质交换装置立体示意图；
图6是图5的剖面图以及部分放大图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本公开中的技术方案，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的另一个元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中另一个元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本公开的技术领域的技 术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本公开的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本公开。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参考图1至图4，本公开一个实施例提供一种介质交换装置，该介质交换装置可以但不限于应用在该类心脏瓣膜假体植入体的不透射线介质(例如造影剂)的交换，还可以应用于其他医用环境中介质的交换。例如，该介质交换装置可以用于将永久填充介质(例如：固化剂)注入心脏瓣膜假体的球囊内，同时置换出该球囊内的造影剂，当然，该介质交换装置还可以应用于两种不同流体介质之间的交换。
具体的，该介质交换装置包括：第一腔体1；第二腔体2。其中，介质交换装置设置有与第一腔体1的一端连通的输出接口8。介质交换装置在第一腔体1内设有可沿第一腔体1延伸方向或长度方向滑动的第一活塞4。介质交换装置设置有与第二腔体2的一端连通的输入接口9。介质交换装置在第二腔体2内设有可沿第二腔体2延伸方向或长度方向滑动的第二活塞5。
介质交换装置还设有泄压阀100和介质接纳流道900。其中，泄压阀100设于第二腔体2和输入接口9之间。介质接纳流道900连通在泄压阀100和第二腔体2之间。其中，介质接纳流道900设有可操纵地与大气连通的调节部600。
在进行植入体内介质交换时，将交换装置与植入体相连通，第一活塞4和第二活塞5之间形成封闭管腔。通过推动件3驱动第一活塞4向输出接口8移动，第一腔体1中的固化剂从交换装置朝假体方向流出，同时，固化剂推挤植入体内的原有介质从植入体朝交换装置方向经过泄压阀100流入至第二腔体2中，流入第二腔体2中的液体将第二活塞5推动，直至完成植入体内介质交换。
在一个或多个实施例中，第一腔体1和第二腔体2对应的腔体壁为透明材质。通过设置透明材质的腔体壁，医生在手术过程中可以透过腔体壁观察第一活塞4和第二活塞5的动作状态，以便确定该交换装置和植入体形成的交换系统是否存在泄漏。
如图1、图2所示，介质交换装置具有内部形成第一腔体1和第二腔体2的第一管体10和第二管体20。第一腔体1和第二腔体2为一体成型结构。可以理解的也即，第一管体10和第二管体20或者第一腔体1和第二腔体2的腔体壁为一体成型结构。第一腔体1和第二腔体2的腔体壁材质可以为塑料材质，进一步地，二者可以为注塑成型。当然，第一腔体1和第二腔体2(第一管体10和第二管体20)也可以为分体结构，通过连接板将第一管体10和第二管体20以并排的方式连接或者直接并排粘接等等。
当然，在本公开实施例中介质交换装置可以不以管体形式来形成第一腔体和第二腔体，例如，介质交换装置可以具有一矩形块状(长方体)的主体，在主体上开设(例如钻设或者一体成型)两个或更多个平行的腔体，从而其中两个可以构成为第一腔体和第二腔体。
在一个或多个实施例中，第一腔体1和第二腔体2为直线型腔体。优选的，第一腔体1和第二腔体2均为圆柱形腔体。第一腔体1和第二腔体2相并排(有时也可以称为并行)设置。如图1、图2所示，第一腔体1的长度方向和第二腔体2的长度方向相平行，且，第一腔体1和第二腔体2(或第一管体10和第二管体20)整体上对齐共同延伸。
进一步地，第一腔体1的横截面积与第二腔体2的横截面积相等。较佳的，如图4所示，第一腔体1和第二腔体2的截面形状相同。如此，在交换系统中第一活塞4和第二活塞5之间可组成封闭管腔，在未产生泄漏的情况下第一活塞4和第二活塞5的移动量相同，进而可以以此判定系统是否存在泄漏，保证介质交换手术的顺利进行。
在交换介质之前，可以将第一活塞4和第二活塞5保持平齐，如此在交换过程中可以通过确认第一活塞4和第二活塞5的行走路程是否一致来确定交换系统是否存在泄漏，方便快捷。
如图3、图4所示，为使得第一活塞4和第二活塞5的平齐对准更加准确，而且方便操作人员快捷查看，保证手术的正确执行和操作，第一腔体1和第二腔体2对应的腔体壁上均设有刻度线18、28。并且，第一腔体1上的刻度线18和第二腔体2上的刻度线28互相对齐。为方便刻度线18和刻度线28相对齐，刻度线18设置在第一管体10靠近第二管体20的一侧，相应的，刻度线28设置在第二管体20靠近第一管体10的一侧。第一腔体1和第二腔体2对应的腔体壁的刻度线并排设置且刻度相同，具体的，两个刻度线的分度值和量程均一致，且对应相同刻度值的刻度线沿垂直于腔体长度方向相一一对齐。考虑到腔体壁为透明材质，刻度线可以为腔体内壁也可以位于腔体外壁，当然，作为优先的为避免内部介质影响刻度线读取或者污染刻度线，刻度线以位于腔体外壁为较佳实施方案。
如此，在交换介质之前可以通过调节第二活塞5，使第二活塞5和第一活塞4位于同一刻度位置，进而保持平齐，并在交换过程中查看第一活塞4和第二活塞5是否同步移动且时时保持与相同的刻度对齐，进而无需计算即可快速获取交换系统是否发生泄漏，保证手术作业的操作及时性和精确性。
在一些实施例中，为方便填入固化剂，第一腔体1对应的腔体壁上还设有装载入口 7。装载入口7靠近第一腔体1的远离输出结构8的端部设置。其中，该装载入口7可以设置装载塞体71，通过插拔装载塞体71实现装载入口7的封堵打开。通过设置装载入口7加载固化剂，与通过操纵第一活塞4移动来从输出接口8将固化剂吸入第一腔体1的方式相比，可以降低固化剂加载时间，且可以避免固化剂中混入多余气体，不用多次驱动第一活塞4来排除固化剂中的气体，使得固化剂的加载过程更加方便快捷。当然，在其他实施例中，并不排斥通过推动件3来拉动第一活塞4从输出接口8将固化剂吸入第一腔体1方案，如此可以避免在腔体壁上设置额外开孔，结构更加简单。
在一些实施例中，第一腔体1的远离输出接口8的一端被伸入用于推动第一活塞4移动的推动件3。推动件3可以推拉第一活塞4使得第一活塞4在第一腔体1中沿着第一腔体1前后移动。具体的，推动件3包括手柄31以及连接手柄31的伸入杆32。伸入杆32伸入到第一腔体1中。第一活塞4固定连接在伸入杆32的端部。
具体的，为可以实现介质高压下的输出，伸入杆32的外壁上设有第一螺纹。第一腔体1对应的腔体内壁在第一活塞4远离输出接口8的一侧设有与第一螺纹相匹配的第二螺纹。伸入杆32可以为螺纹丝杆设计，操作人员通过握持手柄31，旋转手柄31来驱动第一活塞4运动，进而可以实现介质高压下输出。
当然，在另一实施例中伸入杆32可以以光滑壁面的形式伸入到第一腔体1中，伸入杆32与手柄31相固定连接，手柄31的内壁设置第一螺纹，第一腔体1对应的腔体外壁在远离输出接口8的一侧设置有与第一螺纹相匹配的第二螺纹，手柄31通过螺纹连接套设于第一管体10的端部外(也即第一腔体1的腔体壁外)，手柄31的第一螺纹(内螺纹)与第一腔体1的腔体外壁上的第二螺纹(外螺纹)配合通过旋动手柄31同样可以实现介质在高压下输出。
在其他实施例中，推动件3还可以为推拉手柄31，伸入杆32的外壁可以为光滑壁面，通过推拉手柄31进行第一活塞4的推拉移动，相较于螺纹连接的实施例，该实施例可以适用于介质输出压力较低的应用场景。
在一些实施例中，第二腔体2具有位于第二活塞5一侧的进端23、以及位于第二活塞5另一侧的出端22。进端23与介质接纳流道900相连通。进端23相对于出端22更靠近手柄31。进端23进入的液体将第二活塞5朝向出端22推动。进端23与泄压阀100通过介质接纳流道900相连通。出端22与大气连通。第二活塞5朝向出端22的移动方向与第一活塞4的被推动方向相同。具体的，出端22设有挡板24，利用挡板24可以限定第二活塞5的移动范围。挡板24上设置有将挡板24贯通的孔241。从孔241处伸入 杆状部件到第二腔体2中，可调整第二活塞5的位置，例如调整第二活塞5的初始装配位置。其中，挡板24可以固定焊接在出端22上或者扣合在出端22上。
在一些实施例中，介质接纳流道900将泄压阀100和第二腔体2相连通。介质接纳流道包括直行流道92和与直行流道92相连通的折转流道93，折转流道93通向第二腔体2的进端23，直行流道92和折转流道93设于第二腔体2的腔体壁中。
具体的，第二腔体2的腔体壁上设有将泄压阀100和第二腔体2连通的直行流道92。调节部600设置于直行流道92靠近手柄31一端(远离泄压阀100的一端)的端部，便于给第二腔体2注入液体以及调节第二活塞5的位置。其中，如图4所示，直行流道92与第二腔体2并排设置。直行流道92的横截面积小于第二腔体2的横截面积，且均可以为圆形流道。与第一腔体1、第二腔体2相并排设置的第三腔体构成为直行流道92。其中，直行流道92与第一腔体1、第二腔体2可以为一体成型结构，例如三者一起注塑成型。
具体的，直行流道92远离泄压阀100的一端通过折转通道93与第二腔体2的进端23相连通。折转通道93与第二腔体2、直行流道92相垂直。调节部600设于直行流道92通向折转流道93的转折处。
进一步地，调节部600包括设置于折转通道93的通道壁上的调节孔6，对应调节孔6设有调节塞体61。通过插拔该调节塞体61实现调节孔6的封堵和打开。调节孔6打开后与大气连通，即泄压阀100和第二活塞5之间的管腔与大气连通，进而能够使液体充满该段管腔，排除管腔内的气体。该调节孔6的开孔方向或者朝向可以与第二腔体2的长度方向(或轴向)相垂直或者平行设置。在调节孔6与第二腔体2的长度方向平行设置时，可以与装载入口7相区分，进而便于操作人员将调节孔6与装载入口7相区分(图2中装载入口7的开孔方向或者朝向与第一腔体1的长度方向相垂直)，便于操作人员识别。
在一些实施例中，第一腔体1和输出接口8之间通过输出管81相连通。泄压阀100和输入接口9之间通过输入管91相连通。为使交换装置整体结构紧凑，输出管81和输入管91相并排设置。输出接口8和第一腔体1之间还连通有用于测量输出压力的压力计82(例如压力表)。具体的，该压力计82可以设置在输出管81上。通过压力计82可以观察交换过程中第一活塞4和第二活塞5之间封闭管腔的压力。当然，在其他实施例中压力计82还可以设置于输入接口9和第二活塞5之间，本公开实施例中并不作唯一的限制。
在一些实施例中，泄压阀100具有打开压力，其中，泄压阀100的打开压力大于大气压，通过设置泄压阀100可以保证植入体的膨胀程度。具体的，打开压力为6ATM。另外，在前期将空气排空和将第二活塞5与第一活塞4对齐的步骤中，由于泄压阀100的设置，可以避免输入到直行流道92中的液体从泄压阀处排出，进而再从调节孔6中向内部注入液体即可填充第二腔体2以改变第二活塞5的位置。
请参阅图5、图6，在另一个实施例中，调节部600’包括：与第二腔体2’连通的连接端6’、可拆卸地连接于连接端6’上的连接部61’。具体的，泄压阀100’所在的管路与第一腔体1(第一管体10)、第二腔体2’(第二管体20’)并不是集成结构，泄压阀100’所在的管路可以在第一腔体1和第二腔体2’所在主体上进行拆装。输入接口9’设置于泄压阀100’上。
具体的，调节部600’为可拆卸连接结构。通过可拆卸的方式实现调节部600’与大气连通的可控操纵。连接部61’和泄压阀100之间通过中间管92’相连通。具体的，连接端6’设有鲁尔母接头，连接部61’设有鲁尔公接头，鲁尔母接头和鲁尔公接头之间螺纹连接。
根据上述任一实施例的交换装置，在交换介质之前(交换装置未与植入体连通)：可以首先将交换装置的第一活塞4和输出接口8之间、输入接口9和第二活塞5之间用液体填充满，避免空气混入而导致介质置换不彻底；进一步地，推动第一活塞4直至固化剂的输出压力满足具体的交换要求时停止推动，例如，在交换心脏瓣膜植入体中的显影液时，要求固化剂的输出压力为16±2ATM；最后，调节第二活塞5的位置使第二活塞5与第一活塞4对齐。
具体的，在第一活塞4和输出接口8之间填充固化剂，在输入接口9和第二活塞5之间填充普通的医用液体(例如，生理盐水)。打开调节部600的调节孔6，或打开调节部600’的调节孔6’，可以将输入通道中的空气排出，方便输入接口9至第二活塞5之间填充液体。关闭调节孔6或6’，输入接口至第二活塞可形成封闭的管腔。
承接上文描述，在执行介质交换之前需要调节第一活塞4和第二活塞5对齐，具体的，需要调节第二活塞5与第一活塞4对齐。对于图1、图2的实施例而言，将调节孔6打开，并在调节孔6处注射和抽吸生理盐水，调节第二活塞5位置使得第二活塞5与第一活塞4对齐，之后关闭调节孔6。对于图5、图6的实施例而言，从鲁尔母接头(连接端6’)处注射和抽吸生理盐水，调节第二活塞5与第一活塞4对齐，再将鲁尔公接头和鲁尔母接头连接。其中，当观察到泄压阀100或100’与第二活塞5之间的通道存在 气泡时，需要抽吸生理盐水以消除气泡；或者，当第二活塞5的位置超越第一活塞4的位置时，需要抽吸生理盐水以将第二活塞5与第一活塞4对齐。
采用固化剂、普通医用液体填充满交换装置参与到交换系统的管腔中，由于液体相较于气体(例如空气)在高压下不易被压缩，液体介质的体积基本保持不变，进而有利于在介质交换时判断交换系统特别是植入体部分是否存在泄漏。
本文引用的任何数值都包括从下限值到上限值之间以一个单位递增的下值和上值的所有值，在任何下值和任何更高值之间存在至少两个单位的间隔即可。举例来说，如果阐述了一个部件的数量或过程变量(例如温度、压力、时间等)的值是从1到90，优选从20到80，更优选从30到70，则目的是为了说明该说明书中也明确地列举了诸如15到85、22到68、43到51、30到32等值。对于小于1的值，适当地认为一个单位是0.0001、0.001、0.01、0.1。这些仅仅是想要明确表达的示例，可以认为在最低值和最高值之间列举的数值的所有可能组合都是以类似方式在该说明书明确地阐述了的。
除非另有说明，所有范围都包括端点以及端点之间的所有数字。与范围一起使用的“大约”或“近似”适合于该范围的两个端点。因而，“大约20到30”旨在覆盖“大约20到大约30”，至少包括指明的端点。
披露的所有文章和参考资料，包括专利申请和出版物，出于各种目的通过援引结合于此。描述组合的术语“基本由…构成”应该包括所确定的元件、成分、部件或步骤以及实质上没有影响该组合的基本新颖特征的其他元件、成分、部件或步骤。使用术语“包含”或“包括”来描述这里的元件、成分、部件或步骤的组合也想到了基本由这些元件、成分、部件或步骤构成的实施方式。这里通过使用术语“可以”，旨在说明“可以”包括的所描述的任何属性都是可选的。
多个元件、成分、部件或步骤能够由单个集成元件、成分、部件或步骤来提供。另选地，单个集成元件、成分、部件或步骤可以被分成分离的多个元件、成分、部件或步骤。用来描述元件、成分、部件或步骤的公开“一”或“一个”并不说为了排除其他的元件、成分、部件或步骤。
应该理解，以上描述是为了进行图示说明而不是为了进行限制。通过阅读上述描述，在所提供的示例之外的许多实施方式和许多应用对本领域技术人员来说都将是显而易见的。因此，本教导的范围不应该参照上述描述来确定，而是应该参照所附权利要求以及这些权利要求所拥有的等价物的全部范围来确定。出于全面之目的，所有文章和参考包括专利申请和公告的公开都通过参考结合在本文中。在前述权利要求中省略这里公开的 主题的任何方面并不是为了放弃该主体内容，也不应该认为发明人没有将该主题考虑为所公开的发明主题的一部分。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种介质交换装置，其特征在于，所述介质交换装置包括：第一腔体和第二腔体；
    所述介质交换装置设有与所述第一腔体的一端连通的输出接口，以及与所述第二腔体的一端连通的输入接口；
    所述介质交换装置在所述第一腔体内设有可沿所述第一腔体延伸方向滑动的第一活塞，以及在所述第二腔体内设有可沿所述第二腔体延伸方向滑动的第二活塞；
    以及所述介质交换装置还包括设于所述第二腔体和所述输入接口之间的泄压阀。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述介质交换装置还包括连通在所述泄压阀和所述第二腔体之间的介质接纳流道，所述介质接纳流道设有可操纵地与大气连通的调节部。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二腔体具有位于所述第二活塞一侧的进端以及位于所述第二活塞另一侧的出端，所述进端与所述介质接纳流道相连通，所述出端与大气相连通；所述第二活塞朝向所述出端的移动方向与所述第一活塞的被推动方向相同。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述介质接纳流道包括直行流道和与所述直行流道相连通的折转流道，所述折转流道通向所述第二腔体的进端，所述直行流道和折转流道设于所述第二腔体对应的腔体壁中。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述调节部设于所述直行流道通向所述折转流道的转折处。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体和所述输出接口之间设有输出管，所述泄压阀和所述输入接口之间设有输入管，所述输入管和所述输出管并排设置。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述调节部包括与所述第二腔体连通 的连接端和可拆卸地连接于所述连接端的连接部；所述连接部和所述泄压阀通过中间管相连通。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二腔体的出端设有挡板，所述挡板上设有孔。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体远离所述输入接口的一端设有用于推动所述第一活塞移动的推动件，所述推动件包括手柄以及连接所述手柄的伸入杆，所述伸入杆伸入到所述第一腔体中，所述第一活塞固定设置于所述伸入杆的端部。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述伸入杆的外壁设有第一螺纹，所述第一腔体对应的腔体内壁在所述第一活塞远离所述输出接口的一侧设有与所述第一螺纹相匹配的第二螺纹；或者，所述手柄内壁设置有第一螺纹，所述第一腔体对应的腔体外壁在所述第一活塞远离所述输出接口的一侧设有与所述第一螺纹相匹配的第二螺纹。
  11. 如权利要求1或10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体对应的腔体壁为透明材质，所述第一腔体的横截面积与所述第二腔体的横截面积相等。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体对应的腔体壁上均设有刻度线，且第一腔体上的刻度线和第二腔体上的刻度线相对齐。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体的腔体壁上设有可封堵打开的装载入口，所述装载入口设置于靠近所述第一腔体远离所述输出接口的一端。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述输出接口和所述第一腔体之间还连通有用于测量输出压力的压力计。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述输出接口输出介质的压力为16 ±2ATM，所述泄压阀的打开压力为6ATM。
PCT/CN2021/110426 2020-08-10 2021-08-04 介质交换装置 WO2022033363A1 (zh)

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