WO2022032972A1

WO2022032972A1 - Multi-frequency array antenna and base station

Info

Publication number: WO2022032972A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/140915
Authority: WO
Inventors: 郑之伦; 孙善球; 王强; 梁嘉驹
Original assignee: 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
Priority date: 2020-08-12
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2022-02-17
Also published as: CN111969334A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station. N broadband radiation units and M high-frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged on a same straight line; the N broadband radiation units are configured to be equidistantly arranged according to a first set value, and the high-frequency radiation units are arranged between at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units; the distance between two high-frequency radiation units which are sequentially arranged and the distance between high-frequency radiation unit and a broadband radiation unit which are sequentially arranged are smaller than the first set value; low-frequency ports of K combiners and the rest broadband radiation units which are not connected to the combiners are connected to corresponding low-frequency feed networks to form a low-frequency array antenna; high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units are connected to corresponding high-frequency feed networks to form a high-frequency array antenna, such that the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna is improved.

Description

Multi-frequency array antenna and base station

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202010808666.5 and the invention title "Multi-frequency Array Antenna and Base Station" filed with the China Patent Office on August 12, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference.

technical field

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station.

Background technique

Related Art In order to realize a dual-band or multi-band antenna in a single-column array antenna, the general solution is to design a broadband radiating element that can cover multiple required frequency bands, and a plurality of broadband radiating elements are evenly arranged to form an antenna array. Each broadband radiating element is connected to a combiner, and the signals of each frequency band are separated by the combiner and transmitted to the corresponding feeding network.

However, since the broadband radiating elements in the antenna array can cover multiple frequency bands, the broadband radiating elements are evenly arranged, which means that the antenna spacing of the antenna arrays of different frequency bands is the same, but in practice, the antennas of different frequency bands have the same spacing. The antenna spacing required to achieve the best performance is different. The array antenna provided by the related technology cannot take into account the requirements of the antennas in different frequency bands for the antenna distance, and the antenna cannot achieve the best performance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to solve the problem that the existing array antenna cannot take into account the requirements of antennas in different frequency bands for the antenna distance, and the antenna cannot achieve the best performance.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station.

A first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a multi-frequency array antenna, where the multi-frequency array antenna includes:

N broadband radiation units, M high frequency radiation units and K combiners, wherein one combiner is connected to a broadband radiation unit, and N is greater than or equal to K; the N broadband radiation units and M high frequency radiation units share a common The axes are arranged on a straight line; the N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals with the first set value, and there is at least one group of adjacent broadband radiation units with high-frequency radiation units arranged between them; the two are arranged in sequence together The distance between the high-frequency radiation units, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation units and the broadband radiation units arranged in sequence are less than the first set value; the low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining unconnected combiners The connected broadband radiating units are connected with the corresponding low-frequency feeding network to form a low-frequency array antenna; the high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiating units are connected with the corresponding high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna ; wherein, the broadband radiation unit covers all the working frequency bands of the multi-frequency array antenna, and N, M, and K are positive integers.

In one embodiment, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence on the multi-frequency array antenna, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation units and the broadband radiation units arranged in sequence are configured to be equal is the second set value, and the second set value is smaller than the first set value.

In one embodiment, the number N of broadband radiation units may be configured to be greater than the number M of high frequency radiation units.

In one embodiment, a broadband radiation unit may be arranged between every two high-frequency radiation units.

In one embodiment, the number N of broadband radiation units may be configured to be smaller than the number M of high frequency radiation units.

In one embodiment, the broadband radiating unit may cover two or more high frequency bands.

In an implementation manner, the M high-frequency radiation units may operate in two or more high-frequency frequency bands.

In one embodiment, the K combiners may be multi-frequency combiners.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a base station, where the base station includes the multi-frequency array antenna of the foregoing first aspect.

(3) Beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following advantages:

In this embodiment of the present disclosure, by configuring N broadband radiation units, M high-frequency radiation units, and K combiners, one combiner is connected to one broadband radiation unit, and the N broadband radiation units and M high-frequency radiation units are connected to each other. The frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged on a straight line, so that N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals with the first set value, and at least one group of adjacent broadband radiation units is arranged between high frequency radiation units, and the two are arranged in sequence. The distance between the high-frequency radiation units arranged together and the distance between the high-frequency radiation units and the broadband radiation units arranged in sequence are smaller than the first set value. The broadband radiating element connected to the combiner is connected to the corresponding low-frequency feed network to form a low-frequency array antenna, and the high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiating elements are connected to the corresponding high-frequency feed network, A high-frequency array antenna is formed, and a multi-frequency array antenna is composed of a low-frequency array antenna and a high-frequency array antenna. Since the high-frequency radiation unit is configured separately in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units, the two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence are arranged between the high-frequency radiation units. The distance between the high-frequency radiation units and the broadband radiation units arranged in sequence is smaller than the distance between the broadband radiation units, so that on the basis of ensuring the miniaturization of the antenna, the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are taken into account. Different requirements for the antenna spacing have significantly improved the performance of the low-frequency array antenna and the high-frequency array antenna in the multi-frequency array antenna, and improved the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In other words, on the premise of no creative labor, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna spacing of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

detailed description

In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the solutions of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and Not all examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the multi-frequency array antenna provided by this embodiment may at least include: N broadband radiation units 11 , M high frequency radiation units Unit 12 and K combiners 13, N, M and K are all positive integers.

Wherein, the broadband radiation unit 11 can cover all working frequency bands of the multi-frequency array antenna, and the working frequency bands can include a low frequency working frequency band and a high frequency working frequency band. The M high-frequency radiation units 12 may all work on one high-frequency frequency band, or may work on two or more high-frequency frequency bands. All operating frequency bands of the M high-frequency radiation units 12 are covered by the broadband radiation unit 11 .

The combiner 13 can be a dual-frequency combiner or a multi-frequency combiner, which is used to separate the signals of multiple frequency bands on the broadband radiation unit 11 and transmit the signals to the corresponding high-frequency port or low-frequency port through the corresponding high-frequency port or low-frequency port. The high frequency feeding network 14 or the low frequency feeding network 15, the high frequency signal is output by the high frequency feeding network, and the low frequency signal is output by the low frequency feeding network.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the N broadband radiation units 11 and the M high frequency radiation units 12 are coaxially arranged on a straight line. Wherein, the N broadband radiation units 11 are arranged at equal intervals with the first set value, and at least one group of adjacent broadband radiation units 11 is arranged with high frequency radiation units 12 arranged between them. For example, in Figure 1, the first broadband radiation unit and the second broadband radiation unit are two adjacent broadband radiation units, and the second broadband radiation unit and the third broadband radiation unit are two adjacent broadband radiation units. Units, and so on, the N-1th broadband radiation unit and the Nth broadband radiation unit are two adjacent broadband radiation units. In this embodiment, the distance between the two adjacent broadband radiation units is the th A set value, and in Fig. 1 at least high-frequency radiation is arranged between the first broadband radiation unit and the second broadband radiation unit, and between the second broadband radiation unit and the third broadband radiation unit By arranging the high-frequency radiating elements between two adjacent broadband radiating elements, the space between the broadband radiating elements can be effectively utilized, making the antenna miniaturized and arranged between two adjacent broadband radiating elements. The distance between the high-frequency radiation unit and the broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence or another high-frequency radiation unit arranged in sequence must be smaller than the distance between the two adjacent broadband radiation units, so that The antenna spacing of the small low-frequency antenna array composed of the two adjacent broadband radiating elements must be greater than the antenna spacing of the small high-frequency antenna array composed of the two broadband radiating elements and the middle high-frequency radiating element, so The antenna performance on the local part of the multi-frequency array antenna is improved. Of course, although Fig. 1 only shows the arrangement of two high-frequency radiation elements between adjacent broadband radiation elements, it can be understood that it is not the only arrangement. In fact, in other embodiments, the number of high-frequency radiation units arranged between adjacent broadband radiation units can be arbitrarily set as required.

Further, the combiner 13 in this embodiment is configured to be connected one-to-one with the broadband radiation unit 11 , that is, one combiner 13 is connected to one broadband radiation unit 11 . Wherein, the number N of broadband radiation units 11 may be configured to be greater than or equal to the number K of combiners. In this embodiment, after the high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units are connected to the high-frequency feed network, a high-frequency array antenna is formed. The low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining uncombined After the broadband radiating element connected to the device 13 is connected with the low-frequency feeding network, a low-frequency array antenna is formed.

Further, considering that the antenna spacing required for the high-frequency antenna to achieve the best antenna performance is smaller than the antenna spacing required for the low-frequency antenna to achieve the best antenna performance, in this embodiment, two high-frequency antennas can be arranged in sequence. The distance between the high-frequency radiation units (such as the distance between the second high-frequency radiation unit and the third high-frequency radiation unit) and the distance between the high-frequency radiation units and the broadband radiation units arranged in sequence (such as the distance between the second high-frequency radiation unit and the third high-frequency radiation unit) The distance between the first high-frequency radiation unit and the first broadband radiation unit) is set to be smaller than the first set value. In this way, the distance between two adjacent antennas in the high-frequency array antenna can be smaller than the antenna distance of the low-frequency array antenna, thus taking into account the requirements of the high-frequency array antenna and the low-frequency array antenna for the antenna spacing, so that the high-frequency array antenna can While achieving higher gain, the low-frequency array antenna will not cause signal coupling because the antenna distance is too close.

Further, in a feasible implementation manner, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna provided in this embodiment, and the high-frequency radiation units and broadband radiation units arranged in sequence together The distances between the radiation units can all be configured to be the same second setting value that is smaller than the first setting value.

For example, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna spacing of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2 , on the basis of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 1 , when the multi-frequency array antenna shown in FIG. When the M high-frequency radiating elements in the frequency array antenna all work on the same high-frequency frequency band, considering that the same high-frequency frequency band has the same requirements for the antenna distance, the two high-frequency radiating elements in the multi-frequency array antenna can be arranged in sequence. The distance between the radiating elements and the distance between the high-frequency radiating elements and the broadband radiating elements arranged in sequence are set to one-third of the first set value, that is, it is assumed that the distance between two adjacent broadband radiating elements is L, the distance between two high-frequency radiating elements arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna and the distance between the high-frequency radiating elements and broadband radiating elements arranged in sequence can be configured as (1/3) L, the antenna spacing of the high-frequency array antenna composed of the high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiating elements and the high-frequency feed network is (1/3)L, and the K combiners After the low-frequency port and the remaining broadband radiating elements that are not connected to the combiner are connected to the low-frequency feed network, the antenna spacing of the formed low-frequency array antenna is L, so that while taking into account the miniaturization of the antenna, the high-frequency array antenna and The difference in the antenna spacing of the low-frequency array antenna enables both the high-frequency array antenna and the low-frequency array antenna to obtain better antenna performance.

For example, in some embodiments, the arrangement between the broadband radiating elements and the high-frequency radiating elements can also be determined according to the number of the broadband radiating elements and the high-frequency radiating elements in the multi-frequency array antenna, so that the multi-frequency array antenna can be as much as possible. of miniaturization. For example, in FIG. 1 , when the number N of broadband radiation units 11 is smaller than the number M of high-frequency radiation units 12 , two or more radiation units may be arranged between at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units. High-frequency radiation unit, so that the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between two adjacent broadband radiation units as much as possible, making full use of the space between the two adjacent broadband radiation units, making the multi-frequency array antenna small in size change. For another example, FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3 , when the number N of broadband radiation units is greater than the number M of high frequency radiation units, then A broadband radiation unit 32 is arranged between every two high-frequency radiation units 31 so that the distance between two adjacent broadband radiation units 32 is D, and the distance between the broadband radiation units and the high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence is The distance is (1/2)D. By dislocating the high-frequency radiation unit and the broadband radiation unit (1/2)D coaxially on a straight line, a high-frequency array antenna is formed together with K broadband radiation units, and the maximum reduction is achieved. The cross-sectional size of the antenna is reduced, the antenna miniaturization is realized, and the number of antenna units can be set flexibly, so that the gain and vertical beam width of the antenna in each frequency band can be flexibly adjusted to meet the application requirements of different scenarios. And because the high-frequency radiation unit only needs to be designed for the high-frequency working frequency band, the size of the radiation unit is relatively small, so the mutual coupling effect of the array antenna can be effectively reduced; and the antenna spacing of the low-frequency array antenna is D, and the high-frequency The antenna spacing of the array antenna is D/2. This array method can effectively suppress the vertical plane grating lobe of the high-frequency array antenna. By selecting the antenna spacing reasonably, it is easy to achieve the optimal design of each frequency band.

For example, in some embodiments, the broadband radiation unit may cover two or more high-frequency frequency bands or two or more low-frequency frequency bands. For example, FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4 , all the high-frequency radiation units 41 in FIG. 4 work in the same high-frequency frequency band. All the broadband radiation units 42 cover the frequency band of the high frequency radiation unit 41 and two different low frequency frequency bands, which are temporarily referred to as the low frequency frequency band 1 and the low frequency frequency band 2 . In this case, all the high-frequency ports of the combiners 43 and all the high-frequency radiating elements 41 can be connected to the high-frequency feeding network 44, and the high-frequency feeding network 44 outputs high-frequency signals. Connect the low-frequency ports 1 of all combiners 43 to the first low-frequency feed network 45 , the low-frequency ports 1 of the combiners 43 output signals on the low-frequency frequency band 1, and the first low-frequency feed network 45 inputs according to all low-frequency ports 1 The signal output low frequency signal 1. Connect the low frequency ports 2 of all combiners 43 to the second low frequency feed network 46, the low frequency ports 2 of the combiners 43 output signals on the low frequency frequency band 2, and the second low frequency feed network 46 inputs according to all low frequency ports 2 The signal output low frequency signal 2. Similarly, when the broadband radiating unit covers two or more high-frequency frequency bands or more than two low-frequency frequency bands, the antenna structure of the multi-frequency array antenna can be configured with reference to the structure of the embodiment in FIG.

In addition, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a base station, where the base station includes the multi-frequency array antenna mentioned in the foregoing embodiments. The beneficial effects thereof are similar to those of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these There is no such actual relationship or sequence between entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Industrial Applicability

The multi-frequency array antenna provided by the present disclosure, on the basis of ensuring the miniaturization of the antenna, takes into account the different requirements for the antenna spacing of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna, so that the performance of the low-frequency array antenna and the high-frequency array antenna in the multi-frequency array antenna is improved. It has been significantly improved, the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna has been improved, and it has strong industrial practicability.

Claims

A multi-frequency array antenna, comprising:

N broadband radiation units, M high-frequency radiation units and K combiners, wherein one combiner is connected to one broadband radiation unit, and N is greater than or equal to K;

The N broadband radiation units and the M high frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged on a straight line;

The N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals with the first set value, and at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units is arranged with the high frequency radiation units;

The distance between the two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation units and the broadband radiation units arranged in sequence are smaller than the first set value;

The low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining broadband radiating elements not connected to the combiners are connected to the corresponding low-frequency feed network to form a low-frequency array antenna;

The high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiating units are connected to the corresponding high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna;

Wherein, the broadband radiation unit covers all operating frequency bands of the multi-frequency array antenna, and the N, M, and K are positive integers.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, wherein, on the multi-frequency array antenna, the distance between two high-frequency radiating elements arranged in sequence, and the high-frequency radiating elements arranged in sequence The distance from the broadband radiation unit is configured as a second set value, and the second set value is smaller than the first set value.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number N of the broadband radiation units is greater than the number M of the high frequency radiation units.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 3, wherein a broadband radiating element is arranged between every two high-frequency radiating elements.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number N of the broadband radiation units is smaller than the number M of the high frequency radiation units.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the broadband radiation unit covers two or more high-frequency frequency bands.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the M high-frequency radiation units work in two or more high-frequency frequency bands.
The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the K combiners are multi-frequency combiners.
A base station, characterized by comprising the multi-frequency array antenna according to any one of claims 1-8.