WO2022032713A1 - 一种防水耐压的光学传感器 - Google Patents

一种防水耐压的光学传感器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022032713A1
WO2022032713A1 PCT/CN2020/110488 CN2020110488W WO2022032713A1 WO 2022032713 A1 WO2022032713 A1 WO 2022032713A1 CN 2020110488 W CN2020110488 W CN 2020110488W WO 2022032713 A1 WO2022032713 A1 WO 2022032713A1
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tube
waterproof
pressure
optical sensor
light
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PCT/CN2020/110488
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English (en)
French (fr)
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苏小雨
杨洋
颜书法
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南京奇崛电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022032713A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022032713A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/061—Sources

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a waterproof and pressure-resistant optical sensor.
  • Information technology which is the pillar technology of scientific and technological development in the 21st century, is based on related technologies such as sensors, communications, and computers.
  • sensors are an indispensable tool for information data collection, and they are also the core components in the Internet of Things.
  • traditional mechanical, chemical and other sensor technologies are relatively mature, they have shortcomings such as low precision and easy interference.
  • Optical sensors can replace traditional sensors in many fields with their excellent performance and can expand the fields of sensor use.
  • optical sensors can be used not only for conventional sensing such as monitoring important parameters such as current, voltage, and electromagnetics in power systems, but also for complex measured locations such as underwater detection, aerial monitoring, and radiation detection.
  • Optical sensors are mainly used to detect various parameters, and all walks of life have broad application prospects. Most parameter detection needs to use the principle of refraction, that is, the principle of 90° scattered light.
  • the current main structural design is to directly
  • the laser tube and silicon photoreceiver are installed at the front end of the optical sensor, and the diameter is generally larger than 35mm, which causes the problem that the standard thread cannot be used for direct installation, a special flow cell needs to be equipped, and there is also the problem that the optical small signal cannot be shielded.
  • Both the transmitting window and the receiving window of the optical sensor are provided with a glass lens, resulting in low waterproof performance, easy to have air bubbles, pressure resistance less than 0.3Mpa, and high production cost.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it cannot be used as a shielding layer for small optical signals, and cannot be directly installed with standard threads. At the same time, the waterproof performance is not high, air bubbles are easily formed, the pressure resistance is less than 0.3Mpa, and the manufacturing cost is high.
  • the present invention provides a waterproof and pressure-resistant optical sensor, which includes an outer tube and a mounting tube that are coaxially arranged and both penetrate through the inside.
  • the side of the installation tube away from the optical lens is provided with a fixing block, the end of the fixing block close to the outer tube is respectively fixed with a light-emitting tube and a reflector, and the side of the outer tube away from the reflector is respectively provided with guides at intervals.
  • the light column, the filter mirror and the receiving tube, and the reflector, the light guide column, the filter mirror and the receiving tube are linearly arranged in sequence along the length direction of the outer tube, the light guide column is arranged to be parallel to the outer tube, and the angle between the light guide column and the reflector
  • the setting is 45 degrees, and the outer side of the light guide column is coaxially sleeved with a metal shielding tube.
  • the single-window design greatly improves the waterproofness, is not easy to generate air bubbles, and at the same time the pressure resistance is less than 1Mpa, which reduces the manufacturing cost, due to the overall reduction in the number of parts and specifications Smaller, so the required installation volume is smaller, making the whole more miniaturized.
  • the diameter can be within 20cm, which is convenient for the integration of systems in all walks of life.
  • the sensor can have its own thread, so that it can be directly installed on the pipeline. The convenience of installation is improved, and the setting of the metal shielding tube makes the optical small signal more stable and less susceptible to external interference, thus making the data measurement more stable and accurate.
  • the end of the fixing block facing away from the optical lens is respectively provided with a first fixing groove and a second fixing groove for fixing the light-emitting tube and the reflector.
  • a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are coaxially sleeved on the side of the installation tube that interferes with the outer tube, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are along the length of the installation tube. They are arranged at intervals, and both are in conflict with the inner wall of the outer tube at the same time.
  • the optical lens is set to be a sapphire lens.
  • the material of the mounting tube and the outer tube is set to stainless steel.
  • the light-emitting tube adopts the SMD patch specification, and the diameter is set to 3.5mm, and the light-emitting angle is set to be less than 30 degrees.
  • the light-emitting tube is excited by pulse, and the excitation current is set to be less than 300Ma.
  • the receiving tube is set to be a silicon light receiving tube, and the diameter is set to 5 mm, and the sensing wavelength range is set to 300-1100 nm.
  • the specification of the reflector is set to 3*6*0.55mm.
  • the light-emitting tube adopts pulsed excitation, which can greatly reduce the attenuation of the light source, so that the reflected and refracted light can enter the receiver more stably, which improves the stability and practicality of the entire optical sensor. sex;
  • the receiving tube is set as a silicon light receiving tube, so that the integration degree of the receiving tube is higher, so that the volume of the entire sensor can be further reduced, so that the sensor can be used in a wider range, and it is also better than the traditional receiver.
  • the cost is lower. Since the refractive index of silicon is as high as 3.42, it can form a large refractive index difference with silicon dioxide, which ensures that the silicon waveguide can have a smaller bending radius of the waveguide, and also makes the overall transmission performance better;
  • the entire optical lens has higher hardness and light transmittance, thereby effectively reducing the wear of the optical sensor after long-term use, ensuring its stability, and also ensuring The measurement accuracy of the entire optical sensor, the setting of the filter can filter out the stray light, which further improves the measurement accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 The structure of a waterproof and pressure-resistant optical sensor provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 , and includes an outer tube 1 and an installation tube 2 that are connected to each other. 1. At one end of the length direction, the material of the installation pipe 2 and the outer pipe 1 is set to stainless steel, and the side surface of the installation pipe 2 in conflict with the outer pipe 1 is coaxially sleeved with a first sealing ring 13 and a second sealing ring 14. The sealing ring 13 and the second sealing ring 14 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the installation tube 2 , and both are in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube 1 at the same time.
  • the inside of the installation tube 2 is coaxially provided with an optical lens 3, the optical lens 3 is sealed at the end of the installation tube 2 away from the outer tube 1, and the optical lens 3 is set as a sapphire lens, and the side of the installation tube 2 away from the optical lens 3 is set There is a fixing block 4, the end of the fixing block 4 close to the outer tube 1 is respectively fixed with a luminous tube 5 and a reflector 6, and the end of the fixing block 4 away from the optical lens 3 is respectively provided with a first fixing for the luminous tube 5 and the reflector 6 to be fixed. Slot 11 and second fixing slot 12.
  • the entire optical lens 3 Due to the characteristics of sapphire, the entire optical lens 3 has higher hardness and light transmittance, thereby effectively reducing the wear and tear of the optical sensor after long-term use, ensuring its stability and ensuring the measurement accuracy of the entire optical sensor. , the setting of the filter 8 can filter out the stray light, which further improves the measurement accuracy.
  • the luminous tube 5 adopts the SMD patch specification, and the diameter is set to 3.5mm, the light-emitting angle is set to less than 30 degrees, and pulsed excitation is used, and the excitation current is set to less than 300Ma, such as the luminous tube 5 of the model OSRAM SFH 4796S; reflector
  • the specification of 6 is set to 3*6*0.55mm, and the emissivity is set to be greater than 92%.
  • the light-emitting tube 5 adopts pulsed excitation, which can greatly reduce the attenuation of the light source, so that the reflected and refracted light can enter the receiver more stably, which improves the stability and practicability of the entire optical sensor.
  • the inner side of the outer tube 1 away from the reflector 6 is respectively provided with a light guide column 7 , a filter mirror 8 and a receiving tube 9 , and the reflector 6 , the light guide column 7 , the filter mirror 8 and the receiving tube 9 are arranged along the outer tube 1 .
  • the length directions are linearly arranged in sequence, the light guide column 7 is arranged to be parallel to the outer tube 1, the angle between the light guide column 7 and the reflector 6 is set to 45 degrees, the outer side of the light guide column 7 is coaxially sleeved with a metal shielding tube 10, the receiving tube 9 is set as a silicon light-receiving tube, and the diameter is set to 5mm, and the sensing wavelength range is set to 300-1100nm, such as a silicon light-receiving tube model PIN-3CDP produced by OSI Optoelectronics Systems of the United States.
  • the receiving tube 9 is set as a silicon light receiving tube, so that the integration of the receiving tube 9 is higher, so that the volume of the entire sensor can be further reduced, so that the sensor can be used in a wider range, and the cost is also lower than that of the traditional receiver.
  • the refractive index of silicon is as high as 3.42, which can form a large refractive index difference with silicon dioxide, which ensures that the silicon waveguide can have a smaller bending radius of the waveguide, and also makes the overall transmission performance better.
  • the optical lens 3, the light-emitting tube 5, the reflector 6, the light-guiding column 7, the filter lens 8 and the receiving tube 9 are arranged to emit a light source through the light-emitting tube 5, and the light source can be injected into the liquid to be measured at 45 degrees with the optical lens 3
  • the refracted light in the liquid or the excitation light in the 90-degree direction passes through the front optical lens 3 and is transmitted to the reflector 6.
  • the reflector 6 then uses the light guide column 7 to pass through the metal shielding tube 10 and the filter 8 and transmit it to the receiving tube 9, and the received signal is processed by the circuit to complete the measurement.
  • the emission sequence of the entire optical path is the light-emitting tube 5, the optical lens 3, the liquid to be measured, the optical lens 3, the reflector 6, the light guide column 7, the filter Mirror 8, receiving tube 9.
  • the single-window design greatly improves the waterproofness, and it is not easy to generate air bubbles.
  • the pressure resistance is less than 1Mpa, which reduces the manufacturing cost. Due to the reduction of the overall number of parts and the smaller size, all the The required installation volume is smaller, making the whole more miniaturized.
  • the diameter can be within 20cm, which is convenient for the integration of systems in all walks of life.
  • the sensor can have its own thread, so that it can be directly installed on the pipeline, which improves the convenience of installation.
  • the setting of the metal shielding tube 10 makes the optical small signal more stable and less susceptible to external interference, thereby making the data measurement more stable and accurate.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防水耐压的光学传感器，涉及传感器技术领域，由于该传感器只安装了一块光学镜片，单窗口的设计大大提高了防水性，不易产生气泡，同时耐压小于1Mpa，减少了制造成本，由于整体的零件数量减少，且规格更小，所以所需的安装体积就更小，使得整体更加小型化，可以做到直径在20cm以内，便于各行各业的系统进行集成，同时传感器可自带螺纹，从而直接安装在管道上，提高了安装的便捷性，金属屏蔽管的设置使得光学小信号更加稳定，不易受到外界干扰，从而使得数据的测量更加稳定和精准。

Description

一种防水耐压的光学传感器 技术领域
本发明涉及传感器技术领域，特别是涉及一种防水耐压的光学传感器。
背景技术
作为21世纪科技发展支柱技术的信息技术是建立在传感器、通信、计算机等相关技术基础之上。其中，传感器是信息数据采集不可或缺的工具，其也是物联网中的核心部件。虽然传统的机械、化学等传感器技术相对成熟，但是其存在精度低、易受干扰等不足。光学传感器凭借其优良的性能在许多领域可以替代传统传感器并且可以拓展传感器使用的领域。比如光学传感器既可用于常规传感如监测电力系统的电流、电压、电磁等重要参数，又可以用于复杂的实测地点如水下探测、航空监测以及辐射检测等。
光学传感器主要应用于对各方面的参数进行检测，各行各业都有着广泛的应用前景，多数的参数检测需要采用的事折射原理，即90°散射光原理，目前的主要结构设计是直接将红外激光管和硅光接收器装在光学传感器的前端，直径一般大于35mm，从而造成无法用标准螺纹直接安装的问题，需要配备专用流通池，还存在无法对光学小信号做屏蔽层的问题，由于光学传感器的发射窗口和接收窗口都设置了一片玻璃镜片，从而导致防水性能不高，易有气泡，耐压小于0.3Mpa，且制作成本高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是无法对光学小信号做屏蔽层，且无法用标准螺纹直接安装，同时防水性能不高，易有气泡，耐压小于0.3Mpa，且制作成本高。
为了解决以上技术问题，本发明提供一种防水耐压的光学传感器，包括同轴设置且均内部贯通的外管和安装管，安装管插入至外管的一端，安装管的内部同轴设置有用于密封自身的光学镜片，安装管内背离光学镜片的一侧设置有固定块，固定块靠外管的一端分别固定有发光管和反射镜，外管内部背离反射镜的一侧分别间隔设置有导光柱、滤光镜以及接收管，且反射镜、导光柱、滤光镜以及接收管沿外管的长度方向依次线性设置，导光柱设置为与外管相互平行，导光柱与反射镜的夹角设置为45度，导光柱的外侧同轴套设有金属屏蔽管。
技术效果：光学镜片、发光管、反射镜、导光柱、滤光镜以及接收管的设置，通过发光管发出光源，且使得光源可以与光学镜片成45度射入被测液体中，液体中的折射光或者激发光90度方向穿过前端的光学镜片透射至反射镜上，反射镜再利用导光柱穿过金属屏蔽管和滤光镜传递给接收管，并将接收到的信号交由电路来处理，从而完成测量，由于该传感器只安装了一块光学镜片，单窗口的设计大大提高了防水性，不易产生气泡，同时耐压小于1Mpa，减少了制造成本，由于整体的零件数量减少，且规格更小，所以所需的安装体积就更小，使得整体更加小型化，可以做到直径在20cm以内，便于各行各业的系统进行集成，同时传感器可自带螺纹，从而直接安装在管道上，提高了安装的便捷性，金属屏蔽管的设置使得光学小信号更加稳定，不易受到外界干扰，从而使得数据的测量更加稳定和精准。
本发明进一步限定的技术方案是：
进一步的，固定块背离光学镜片的一端分别开设有供发光管和反射镜固定的第一固定槽和第二固定槽。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，安装管与外管相抵触的侧面同轴套设有第一密封圈和第二密封圈，第一密封圈与第二密封圈沿安装 管的长度方向间隔设置，且两者均同时与外管的内壁相抵触。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，光学镜片设置为蓝宝石镜片。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，安装管和外管的材质设置为不锈钢。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，发光管采用SMD贴片规格，且直径设置为3.5mm，发光角度设置为小于30度。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，发光管采用脉冲式激发，且激发电流设置为小于300Ma。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，接收管设置为硅光接收管，且直径设置为5mm，感知波长范围设置为300-1100nm。
前所述的防水耐压的光学传感器，反射镜的规格设置为3*6*0.55mm。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明中，发光管采用脉冲式激发，可以极大地减少光源的衰减，从而使得经反射和折射的光可以更加稳定地进入到接收器中，提高了整个光学传感器的稳定性和实用性；
(2)本发明中，接收管设置为硅光接收管，使得接收管的集成度更高，从而可以进一步减小整个传感器的体积，使得传感器的使用范围更广，同时也比传统接收器的成本更低，由于硅的折射率高达3.42，与二氧化硅可形成较大的折射率差，确保硅波导可以具有较小的波导弯曲半径，也使得整体的传输性能更加优秀；
(3)本发明中，由于蓝宝石的自身特性，使得整个光学镜片具有更高的硬度和透光率，从而有效了降低了光学传感器长时间使用后 的磨损，确保了其稳定性，也保证了整个光学传感器的测量精度，滤光镜的设置可以滤除杂散光，进一步提高了测量的精度。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图。
其中：1、外管；2、安装管；3、光学镜片；4、固定块；5、发光管；6、反射镜；7、导光柱；8、滤光镜；9、接收管；10、金属屏蔽管；11、第一固定槽；12、第二固定槽；13、第一密封圈；14、第二密封圈。
具体实施方式
本实施例提供的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，结构如图1所示，包括相互连接的外管1和安装管2，两者均内部贯通且同轴设置，安装管2插入至外管1长度方向的一端，安装管2和外管1的材质均设置为不锈钢，安装管2与外管1相抵触的侧面同轴套设有第一密封圈13和第二密封圈14，第一密封圈13与第二密封圈14沿安装管2的长度方向间隔设置，且两者均同时与外管1的内壁相抵触。
安装管2的内部同轴设置有光学镜片3，光学镜片3密封于安装管2背离外管1的端部，且光学镜片3设置为蓝宝石镜片，安装管2内背离光学镜片3的一侧设置有固定块4，固定块4靠外管1的一端分别固定有发光管5和反射镜6，固定块4背离光学镜片3的一端分别开设有供发光管5和反射镜6固定的第一固定槽11和第二固定槽12。由于蓝宝石的自身特性，使得整个光学镜片3具有更高的硬度和透光率，从而有效了降低了光学传感器长时间使用后的磨损，确保了其稳定性，也保证了整个光学传感器的测量精度，滤光镜8的设置可以滤除杂散光，进一步提高了测量的精度。
发光管5采用SMD贴片规格，且直径设置为3.5mm，发光角度设 置为小于30度，且采用脉冲式激发，激发电流设置为小于300Ma，如型号为欧司朗SFH 4796S的发光管5；反射镜6的规格设置为3*6*0.55mm，且发射率设置为大于92％。发光管5采用脉冲式激发，可以极大地减少光源的衰减，从而使得经反射和折射的光可以更加稳定地进入到接收器中，提高了整个光学传感器的稳定性和实用性。
外管1内部背离反射镜6的一侧分别间隔设置有导光柱7、滤光镜8以及接收管9，且反射镜6、导光柱7、滤光镜8以及接收管9沿外管1的长度方向依次线性设置，导光柱7设置为与外管1相互平行，导光柱7与反射镜6的夹角设置为45度，导光柱7的外侧同轴套设有金属屏蔽管10，接收管9设置为硅光接收管，且直径设置为5mm，感知波长范围设置为300-1100nm，如美国OSI光电系统公司生产的型号为PIN-3CDP的硅光接收管。接收管9设置为硅光接收管，使得接收管9的集成度更高，从而可以进一步减小整个传感器的体积，使得传感器的使用范围更广，同时也比传统接收器的成本更低，由于硅的折射率高达3.42，与二氧化硅可形成较大的折射率差，确保硅波导可以具有较小的波导弯曲半径，也使得整体的传输性能更加优秀。
该光电传感器装配时，首先将反射镜6放在一面的塑料光路结构中，用胶在反面固定，放入发光管5，把另一面塑料光路结构压合在前一面的塑料光路结构中；接着把光学镜片3与安装管2的前端面进行胶合，注意密封；再将接收管9放入金属屏蔽管10两个引肢焊在电路板上，将导光柱7插入金属屏蔽管10，放入滤光镜8，然后与塑料光路结构对接，用胶固定；胶干后，装在外管1中，装上G3/4螺纹，最后胶合。
光学镜片3、发光管5、反射镜6、导光柱7、滤光镜8以及接收管9的设置，通过发光管5发出光源，且使得光源可以与光学镜片3 成45度射入被测液体中，液体中的折射光或者激发光90度方向穿过前端的光学镜片3透射至反射镜6上，反射镜6再利用导光柱7穿过金属屏蔽管10和滤光镜8传递给接收管9，并将接收到的信号交由电路来处理，从而完成测量，整个光路的发射顺序为发光管5、光学镜片3、待测液体、光学镜片3、反射镜6、导光柱7、滤光镜8、接收管9。
由于该传感器只安装了一块光学镜片3，单窗口的设计大大提高了防水性，不易产生气泡，同时耐压小于1Mpa，减少了制造成本，由于整体的零件数量减少，且规格更小，所以所需的安装体积就更小，使得整体更加小型化，可以做到直径在20cm以内，便于各行各业的系统进行集成，同时传感器可自带螺纹，从而直接安装在管道上，提高了安装的便捷性，金属屏蔽管10的设置使得光学小信号更加稳定，不易受到外界干扰，从而使得数据的测量更加稳定和精准。
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：包括同轴设置且均内部贯通的外管(1)和安装管(2)，安装管(2)插入至外管(1)的一端，安装管(2)的内部同轴设置有用于密封自身的光学镜片(3)，安装管(2)内背离光学镜片(3)的一侧设置有固定块(4)，固定块(4)靠外管(1)的一端分别固定有发光管(5)和反射镜(6)，外管(1)内部背离反射镜(6)的一侧分别间隔设置有导光柱(7)、滤光镜(8)以及接收管(9)，且反射镜(6)、导光柱(7)、滤光镜(8)以及接收管(9)沿外管(1)的长度方向依次线性设置，导光柱(7)设置为与外管(1)相互平行，导光柱(7)与反射镜(6)的夹角设置为45度，导光柱(7)的外侧同轴套设有金属屏蔽管(10)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述固定块(4)背离光学镜片(3)的一端分别开设有供发光管(5)和反射镜(6)固定的第一固定槽(11)和第二固定槽(12)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述安装管(2)与外管(1)相抵触的侧面同轴套设有第一密封圈(13)和第二密封圈(14)，第一密封圈(13)与第二密封圈(14)沿安装管(2)的长度方向间隔设置，且两者均同时与外管(1)的内壁相抵触。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述光学镜片(3)设置为蓝宝石镜片。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述安装管(2)和外管(1)的材质设置为不锈钢。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述发光管(5)采用SMD贴片规格，且直径设置为3.5mm，发光角度设置为小于30度。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述发光管(5)采用脉冲式激发，且激发电流设置为小于300Ma。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述接收管(9)设置为硅光接收管，且直径设置为5mm，感知波长范围设置为300-1100nm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种防水耐压的光学传感器，其特征在于：所述反射镜(6)的规格设置为3*6*0.55mm。
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