WO2022027903A1 - 一种光伏屋顶 - Google Patents

一种光伏屋顶 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022027903A1
WO2022027903A1 PCT/CN2020/138067 CN2020138067W WO2022027903A1 WO 2022027903 A1 WO2022027903 A1 WO 2022027903A1 CN 2020138067 W CN2020138067 W CN 2020138067W WO 2022027903 A1 WO2022027903 A1 WO 2022027903A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
frame
plate
tile
tiles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/138067
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
单康康
王永飞
Original Assignee
西安隆基绿能建筑科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202021625747.3U external-priority patent/CN213418262U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021625750.5U external-priority patent/CN213418242U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021624577.7U external-priority patent/CN213418261U/zh
Application filed by 西安隆基绿能建筑科技有限公司 filed Critical 西安隆基绿能建筑科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022027903A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022027903A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H02S20/25Roof tile elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10Photovoltaic [PV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, in particular to a photovoltaic roof.
  • Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) is the integration of photovoltaic products into buildings without taking up additional ground space. For example, photovoltaic tiles are placed on the roof of a building to form a photovoltaic roof.
  • Photovoltaic roofs require good drainage performance to prevent water leakage.
  • the photovoltaic roof of the prior art is prone to water leakage and cannot meet the building demand.
  • the present application provides a photovoltaic roof, which aims to solve the problem that the photovoltaic roof is prone to water leakage and cannot meet building requirements.
  • a photovoltaic roof comprising: a plurality of photovoltaic tiles and a waterproof snap cover;
  • the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped and arranged, and the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles are arranged side by side and spaced apart; the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles are connected into one body by a sealing member; the waterproof buckle cover is arranged on the left and right phase. between adjacent photovoltaic tiles;
  • the photovoltaic tile includes a photovoltaic laminate, and a left frame, a right frame, an upper frame, and a lower frame respectively located around the photovoltaic laminate; wherein, the side wall of the left frame and the side wall of the right frame are Each is provided with a sunken water guide groove; the sunken water guide groove is located below the plane where the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate is located; the sealing member is located between the sunken water guide grooves of the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right;
  • the water outlet of the sunken aqueduct of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped with the waterproof buckle cover corresponding to the lower photovoltaic tile.
  • water mainly flows from the upper surface of the upper photovoltaic laminate to the upper surface of the lower photovoltaic laminate, and from the upper surface of the upper waterproof snap cover to the lower waterproof The top surface of the snap cover. Even if water seeps through the waterproof snap cover, the water will flow into the sunken aqueduct below the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate, because the water outlet of the sunken aqueduct of the upper photovoltaic tile is higher than that of the lower photovoltaic tile.
  • the water in the water channel of the photovoltaic tile above will also quickly flow to the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate below or the waterproof buckle cover below, and will not stay on the photovoltaic tile above, and it is not easy to leak water.
  • the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right are connected together by the seal, which can prevent the water leaking from the waterproof buckle cover from leaking into the interior of the photovoltaic roof.
  • a photovoltaic roof comprising: photovoltaic tiles connected up and down;
  • the photovoltaic tile includes a photovoltaic laminate, and an upper frame and a lower frame respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the photovoltaic laminate; the sidewall of the upper frame is provided with an upper overlapping plate, and the sidewall of the lower frame is provided with There is a lower lap plate;
  • the lower lap board of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped with the upper lap board of the lower photovoltaic tile, so that the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped;
  • a seal is arranged between the upper and lower lap plates that are lapped up and down;
  • the sealing member includes a sealing sheet located at the lower end and bent in the direction of the lower end, and a sealing strip located at the upper end. There is a gap between the sealing sheet and the sealing strip, so that the upper overlap plate and the lower overlap are connected. After the upper and lower plates are overlapped, the gap forms a pressure-holding cavity.
  • the lower lap plate of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped with the upper lap plate of the lower photovoltaic tile, and water quickly flows from the upper photovoltaic tile to the lower photovoltaic tile due to gravity. Not easy to stay on.
  • a sealing member is arranged between the upper and lower overlapping plates that are overlapped up and down.
  • the sealing member includes a sealing sheet located at the lower end and bent downward, and a sealing strip located at the upper end. There is a sealing member between the sealing sheet and the sealing strip. After the upper and lower lap plates are overlapped, the gap forms a pressure-holding cavity. After the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles are overlapped, the sealing sheet is bent toward the photovoltaic module of the photovoltaic tile below, and the downwardly curved sealing sheet serves as the first A waterproof, which prevents water from moving upwards due to capillary action. After the upper lap plate and the lower lap plate are lapped up and down, the gap between the sealing sheet and the sealing strip forms a pressure-holding cavity, and the pressure-holding cavity is used as the second waterproof layer.
  • the sealing strip at the upper end is used as the third waterproof layer, and the contact area with the upper and lower lap plates overlapping the upper and lower laps is larger, which has better sealing performance, even under the action of large external force, Water may pass through the following two waterproof, but the semi-circular sealing section, because of its good air tightness, plays a role in waterproofing and preventing gas from entering.
  • the sealing performance and waterproofness of the photovoltaic roof can be improved to a great extent through the above-mentioned three waterproofing steps.
  • the lower overlapping plate of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped with the upper overlapping plate of the lower photovoltaic tile, so that the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped. Furthermore, the length of the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles is lengthened in the overlapping area. Under the condition that the overlapping height remains unchanged, the inclination angle becomes smaller, which reduces the shadow formed by the overlapping, reduces the shading caused by the upper and lower overlapping, and improves the power generation of the photovoltaic roof. efficient.
  • a photovoltaic roof comprising: a support beam, an inverted T-shaped seat, a photovoltaic tile, and a waterproof buckle cover; the inverted T-shaped seat is fixed on the support beam; the waterproof buckle cover Correspondingly arranged above the inverted T-shaped seat, the photovoltaic tiles adjacent to the left and right are located between the waterproof buckle cover and the inverted T-shaped seat, and the waterproof buckle cover is arranged on the photovoltaic tiles adjacent to the left and right;
  • the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped and arranged;
  • the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles include left photovoltaic tiles and right photovoltaic tiles;
  • the inverted T-shaped seat includes a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the top of the vertical plate has a first hook arm; the waterproof buckle cover is provided with a second hook arm matched with the first hook arm, and the waterproof buckle cover is provided with a second hook arm. The top end of the vertical plate is covered by the second hook arm;
  • the photovoltaic tile includes a photovoltaic laminate, a left frame and a right frame respectively located on the left and right sides of the photovoltaic laminate.
  • the left frame of the right photovoltaic tile is placed at the right end of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is The right end is provided with a limiting portion for preventing the left frame of the right photovoltaic tile from coming out, and the right frame of the left photovoltaic tile overlaps the left end of the bottom plate.
  • the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right include a left photovoltaic tile and a right photovoltaic tile, the left frame of the right photovoltaic tile is placed on the right end of the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat, and the right end of the bottom plate is set There is a limit portion to prevent the left frame of the right photovoltaic tile from coming out, that is, the left border of the right photovoltaic tile is restricted from displacement by the limit portion of the bottom plate of the T-shaped seat, and the right border of the left photovoltaic tile is overlapped on the inverted T-shaped seat.
  • the left end of the bottom plate of the seat that is, the right border of the left photovoltaic tile is not fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat, so that the left border of the right photovoltaic tile can limit the photovoltaic tile on the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat.
  • the right frame of the left photovoltaic tile adapts to the deformation, so that it is not easy to cause cracks in the photovoltaic device, which can improve the power generation efficiency and reduce safety hazards.
  • the inverted T-shaped seat is fixed on the support beam, and the waterproof buckle cover is correspondingly arranged above the inverted T-shaped seat. On the adjacent photovoltaic tiles, it can prevent water from entering the interior of the photovoltaic roof, and is resistant to wind exposure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first photovoltaic roof in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic tile in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic roof drainage in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 6 shows a partial enlarged schematic view of a photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a waterproof seal in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 shows a working schematic diagram of a waterproof seal in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a third photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fourth photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the installation of the support beam and the inverted T-shaped seat in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of an inverted T-shaped seat in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a photovoltaic tile in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a support beam in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of another support beam in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the hanging rod and the hook in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic roof includes several photovoltaic tiles and waterproof buckle covers 2 , and the number of photovoltaic tiles and waterproof buckle covers 2 is not specifically limited.
  • the up-down direction refers to the direction from the ridge to the eaves, with the ridge up and the eaves down.
  • the direction indicated by the broken line L1 is the up-down direction
  • the up-down direction is also the flow direction of rainwater.
  • the direction indicated by the dotted line L2 is the left-right direction.
  • the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first photovoltaic roof in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic tile in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic tile includes a photovoltaic laminate 11 , and a left frame 12 , a right frame 13 , an upper frame 14 , and a lower frame 15 respectively located around the photovoltaic laminate 11 .
  • the upper frame 14 is close to the ridge
  • the lower frame 15 is close to the eaves.
  • the side wall of the left frame 12 and the side wall of the right frame 13 are both provided with a sunken water guide trough 16 located below the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 .
  • the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 is the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 .
  • the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right are distributed side by side and at intervals, and the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right are connected together by the sealing member 3 . That is, there is a sealing member 3 between the sunken water guiding groove 16 on the side wall of the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile and the sunken water guiding groove 16 on the side wall of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile.
  • Adjacent photovoltaic tiles are connected into one body, so that there is no gap between the sunken aqueduct 16 on the side wall of the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile and the sunken aqueduct 16 on the side wall of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile, and further , water will not leak into the photovoltaic roof from between the sunken aqueduct 16 on the side wall of the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile and the sunken aqueduct 16 on the side wall of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile.
  • the waterproof buckle cover 2 is set between the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles. In the photovoltaic tiles that are overlapped up and down, the water outlet of the sunken aqueduct 16 of the upper photovoltaic tile overlaps with the sunken aqueduct of the photovoltaic tile below. 16 on the waterproof buckle cover 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic roof drainage in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the arrow of the dotted line in FIG. 4 points to the flow direction of the water.
  • the water mainly flows from the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 located above to the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 located below, and from the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 located below.
  • the upper surface of the upper waterproof buckle cover 2 flows to the upper surface of the lower waterproof buckle cover 2 .
  • the sealing member 3 connects the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles into one, and further, water will not flow from the sunken water guide groove 16 on the side wall of the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile and the lower side of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile. There is leakage between the submerged aqueducts 16 to the interior of the photovoltaic roof.
  • the upper surface of the lower frame 15 of the photovoltaic tile has a water-conducting slope, and during the drainage process, due to the action of gravity, water can quickly flow from the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 to the bottom. the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 .
  • the sealing member 3 is an elastic sealing member, and further, when the photovoltaic tiles are deformed in the left and right directions, the deformation stress is absorbed by the deformation of the elastic sealing member, so as to prevent the photovoltaic tiles from being squeezed and deformed each other, which can greatly reduce the deformation of the photovoltaic tiles. Reduce cell cracks in photovoltaic tiles, improve the life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic tiles, and reduce safety hazards.
  • photovoltaic roofs are prone to deformation during construction and deformation due to temperature changes.
  • the above deformation will squeeze the photovoltaic laminates in the photovoltaic tiles, causing the photovoltaic laminates to crack, reducing the life of the photovoltaic laminates and reducing the photoelectricity.
  • the conversion efficiency may also bring security risks.
  • the deformation stress of the elastic seal is absorbed, which can greatly reduce the cracking of the photovoltaic tile, improve the life span and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic laminate in the photovoltaic tile, and reduce potential safety hazards.
  • the waterproof snap cover 2 is higher than the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11 of the photovoltaic tile, that is, the waterproof snap cover 2 located on the sunken water channel 16 of the photovoltaic tile is higher than the photovoltaic laminate of the photovoltaic tile.
  • the upper surface of 11 is high, and further, due to the action of gravity, water will mainly flow away from the upper surface of the photovoltaic laminate 11, so that less water penetrates from the waterproof buckle cover into the sunken aqueduct 16, and further improves the waterproof effect.
  • the lower frame 15 of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped on the upper frame 14 of the lower photovoltaic tile to realize the overlapping of the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles.
  • Waterproof sealing member 4 in the process of water flowing down from the lower frame 15 of the upper photovoltaic tile to the upper frame 14 of the lower photovoltaic tile due to the action of gravity, the waterproof sealing member 4 can prevent the water from moving upward due to capillary action, etc., and further improve the waterproof effect. .
  • the length of the sunken water guide trough 16 is greater than the length of the left frame 12 or the right frame 13 , and extends from the upper end of the upper frame 14 and the lower end of the lower frame 15 . That is, in the up-down direction, the size of the sunken water guide trough 16 located on the side wall of the left frame 12 is larger than the size of the left frame 12 , the size of the upper frame 14 , and the size of the lower frame 15 .
  • the size of the sunken gutter 16 located on the side wall of the right frame 13 is larger than the size of the right frame 13 , the size of the upper frame 14 , and the size of the lower frame 15 , and then the sunken gutter 16
  • the water on the right frame 13 can be prevented from infiltrating, but also the water above the upper frame 14 and the water above the lower frame 15 can be prevented from infiltrating, and the water outlet of the submerged aqueduct 16 can be fully overlapped On the waterproof buckle cover 2 above the sunken water guide groove 16 of the photovoltaic tile below, to quickly and fully guide water.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic roof includes: photovoltaic tiles that are overlapped up and down; the photovoltaic tile includes photovoltaic laminates, and an upper frame 14 and a lower frame 15 respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the photovoltaic laminate.
  • the side wall of the upper frame 14 of the photovoltaic tile is provided with an upper overlapping plate 17
  • the side wall of the lower frame 15 is provided with a lower overlapping plate 18 .
  • the lower overlapping plate 18 of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped on the upper overlapping plate 17 of the lower photovoltaic tile, so that the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped, and then the length of the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles is lengthened in the overlapping area, and the overlapping height is not equal.
  • the inclination angle becomes smaller, which reduces the shadow formed by the overlapping connection, reduces the shading caused by the upper and lower overlapping connection, and improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic roof.
  • the lower lap plate 18 of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped on the upper lap plate 17 of the lower photovoltaic tile, and the water quickly flows from the upper photovoltaic tile to the lower photovoltaic tile due to gravity, and it is not easy to stay on the upper photovoltaic tile.
  • FIG. 6 shows a partial enlarged schematic view of a photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a waterproof seal in an embodiment of the present application. 5 , 6 and 7 , the waterproof sealing member 4 includes a sealing sheet 41 located at the lower end and bent downward, and a sealing strip 42 located at the upper end, and the lower end may be one end of the photovoltaic laminate close to the photovoltaic tile below. , the upper end may be the end opposite to the lower end.
  • the sealing sheet 41 is bent toward the photovoltaic components of the photovoltaic tile below.
  • the shape of the sealing strip 42 is not particularly limited.
  • the lower lap plate of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped with the upper lap plate of the lower photovoltaic tile. Due to gravity, water quickly flows from the upper photovoltaic tile to the lower photovoltaic tile, and it is not easy to stay on the upper photovoltaic tile.
  • a sealing member is arranged between the upper and lower overlapping plates that are overlapped up and down.
  • the sealing member includes a sealing sheet located at the lower end and bent downward, and a sealing strip located at the upper end. There is a sealing member between the sealing sheet and the sealing strip. After the upper and lower lap plates are overlapped, the gap forms a pressure-holding cavity.
  • the sealing sheet is bent toward the photovoltaic module of the photovoltaic tile below, and the downwardly curved sealing sheet serves as the first A waterproof, which prevents water from moving upwards due to capillary action.
  • the gap between the sealing sheet and the sealing strip forms a pressure-holding cavity, and the pressure-holding cavity is used as the second waterproof layer. It is not conducive to the upward movement of water due to capillary action, and thus can play a good waterproof role.
  • the sealing strip at the upper end is used as the third waterproof layer, and the contact area with the upper and lower lap plates overlapping the upper and lower laps is larger, which has better sealing performance, even under the action of large external force, Water may pass through the following two waterproof, but the semi-circular sealing section, because of its good air tightness, plays a role in waterproofing and preventing gas from entering.
  • the sealing performance and waterproofness of the photovoltaic roof can be improved to a great extent through the above-mentioned three waterproofing steps.
  • the lower overlapping plate of the upper photovoltaic tile is overlapped with the upper overlapping plate of the lower photovoltaic tile, so that the upper and lower adjacent photovoltaic tiles are overlapped.
  • the length of the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles is lengthened in the overlapping area. Under the condition that the overlapping height remains unchanged, the inclination angle becomes smaller, which reduces the shadow formed by the overlapping, reduces the shading caused by the upper and lower overlapping, and improves the power generation of the photovoltaic roof. efficient.
  • the sealing strip is a semi-circular sealing ring, and the sealing strip of the above shape is not only convenient for processing, but also has a good waterproof effect.
  • FIG. 8 shows a working schematic diagram of a waterproof seal in an embodiment of the present application. 5 , 6 , 7 , and 8 , the dotted arrows show the upward movement of water due to capillary action.
  • the sealing sheet 41 is bent toward the photovoltaic module of the photovoltaic tile below, and is directed toward the photovoltaic module.
  • the lower curved sealing sheet 41 serves as the first waterproof layer, and can prevent the water from moving upward due to capillary action during the process of water moving to the A area.
  • the gap between the sealing sheet 41 and the sealing strip 42 forms a pressure-maintaining cavity B.
  • the pressure-maintaining cavity B is used as the second waterproof layer.
  • the cavity B It is equal to the external pressure.
  • the pressure in the pressure holding chamber B and A area is equal.
  • the sealing strip 42 at the upper end is used as the third waterproof layer, and the contact area with the upper and lower lap plates overlapping the upper and lower laps is larger, and has better sealing performance, even under the action of a large external force.
  • water may pass through the following two waterproof, but the semicircular sealing section, because of its good air tightness, plays the role of waterproof and prevents the entry of gas, so that basically no water and gas reach the C area, through the above three Waterproofing can greatly improve the sealing and waterproofing of photovoltaic roofs.
  • Flashing is mainly when there is a lot of water. Driven by waves, the water may surge upwards or pour backwards.
  • at least one anti-flooding protrusion 171 is provided on the upper lap plate 17, and the protruding height of the anti-flooding protrusion 171 is set according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the flashing protrusions 171 can prevent flooding, thereby improving the waterproofness and sealing performance of the photovoltaic roof.
  • the anti-flooding protrusion 171 is located below the sealing sheet 41, that is to say, the upward movement of water is intercepted by the anti-flooding protrusion 171, and then moves upward. Even if there is a small amount of water, it is intercepted by the three waterproof functions of the waterproof seal 4. At the same time, due to the existence of the anti-flooding protrusions 171, in the process of water discharging downward, the dust on the photovoltaic laminate to the smooth surface can be taken away, thereby reducing the dust blocking, which is beneficial to improve the power generation efficiency and power generation, and has good performance waterproof and airtightness.
  • the lower end of the lower lap plate 18 has at least one drip eaves 181, and the drip eaves 181 are conducive to conducting water downward.
  • the drip eave 181 is located below the sealing sheet 41 , that is to say, the drip eave 181 conducts the water downward first, and then the water moving upward is less even if there is less water, which is intercepted by the three waterproof functions of the waterproof seal 4 .
  • the first direction is the arrangement direction of the photovoltaic tiles that are overlapped up and down.
  • the first direction is shown by the dotted line L1 in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 .
  • the cross-section of the lower lap plate 18 parallel to the first direction is a triangle, which can be an approximate right-angled triangle, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle is located on the upper surface of the lower lap plate 18, which can resist construction errors on the basis of facilitating drainage. and errors due to temperature deformation, and can reduce optical shading of the underlying photovoltaic laminate.
  • the upper surface of the lower overlapping plate 18 has a water-conducting slope, so that during the drainage process, due to the action of gravity, the water can quickly flow downward.
  • the cross-section of the upper lap plate 17 parallel to the first direction is a triangle, which can be an approximate right-angled triangle, and the right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is located on the overlapping surface of the upper and lower lap plates, which is also conducive to drainage. , can resist construction errors and errors caused by temperature deformation, and can reduce the optical shading of the underlying photovoltaic laminates.
  • the upper lap plate 17 further includes a limit portion 172 for restricting the upward displacement of the sealing strip 42 .
  • the limit portion 172 172 is located above the sealing strip 42, that is, the limiting portion 172 is located above the sealing strip 42.
  • the limiting portion 172 can limit the upward displacement of the sealing strip 42.
  • the upper lap plate 17 is provided with a clamping groove 173 for clamping the waterproof seal 4.
  • the clamping groove 173 is located below the sealing sheet 41, and the upper In the process of clamping the lap plate 17 and the waterproof seal 4, it is convenient to align.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a third photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the snap groove 173 has a water outlet 1731, and the water outlet 1731 is overlapped with the sunken water guide channel of the left and right frames of the photovoltaic tile located in the left and right direction as shown by the dotted line L2 (in FIG. 9 ). (not shown) on the submerged water guiding groove, so even if there is a small amount of water in the snap groove 173, it will flow away through the submerged water guiding groove to avoid water leakage.
  • the lap height h of the upper lap plate 17 and the lower lap plate 18 lapped up and down is less than or equal to 25mm, and the upper and lower lap plates of the above size are lengthened in the lap area, inclined. The angle becomes smaller, which reduces the shadow formed by the overlap, reduces the shading caused by the upper and lower overlap, and improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic roof. More preferably, the lap height h of the upper lap plate 17 and the lower lap plate 18 that overlap up and down is less than or equal to 18mm, or, more preferably, the upper lap plate 17 and the lower lap plate 18 that overlap up and down The overlap height h is less than or equal to 15mm.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fourth photovoltaic roof in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the installation of the support beam and the inverted T-shaped seat in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic roof includes a support beam 5 , an inverted T-shaped seat, a photovoltaic tile, and a waterproof buckle cover 2 .
  • the inverted T-shaped seat 6 is fixed on the support beam 5.
  • the waterproof buckle cover 2 is correspondingly arranged above the inverted T-shaped seat 6, and the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles are located between the waterproof buckle cover 2 and the inverted T-shaped seat 6, and the waterproof buckle cover 2 is placed on the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles.
  • the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles include left photovoltaic tiles and right photovoltaic tiles.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of an inverted T-shaped seat in an embodiment of the present application. 10 , 11 and 12 , the inverted T-shaped seat includes a bottom plate 61 and a vertical plate 62 , and the top of the vertical plate 62 has a first hook arm 621 ; A second hook arm 22 matched with a hook arm 621, the waterproof buckle cover 2 is covered on the top of the vertical plate 62 through the second hook arm 22;
  • the photovoltaic tile includes a photovoltaic laminate, a left frame 12 and a right frame 13 respectively located on the left and right sides of the photovoltaic laminate, and the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile is placed on the right end of the bottom plate 61 ,
  • the right end of the bottom plate 61 is provided with a limiting portion to prevent the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile from coming out, and the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile overlaps the left end of the bottom plate 61 .
  • the bottom plate 61 and the vertical plate 62 intersect.
  • the inverted T-shaped seat is fixed on the support beam 5 , and the bottom plate 61 is opposite to the support beam 5 .
  • a plurality of inverted T-shaped seats 6 can be distributed at intervals, and the number of inverted T-shaped seats 6 on the support beam 5 and the distance between adjacent inverted T-shaped seats 6 are not specifically limited.
  • an anti-vibration washer 7 may be provided between the inverted T-shaped seat 6 and the support beam 5 to play a role in shock absorption.
  • the photovoltaic tile located on the left side of the vertical plate 62 is the left photovoltaic tile
  • the photovoltaic tile located on the right side of the vertical plate 62 is the right photovoltaic tile.
  • the top end of the vertical plate 62 has a first hook arm 621 .
  • the top of the vertical plate 62 is the end of the vertical plate 62 away from the bottom plate 61 .
  • the waterproof buckle cover 2 is provided with a second hook arm 21 that cooperates with the first hook arm 621, and the waterproof buckle cover 2 is covered on the top of the vertical plate 62 through the second hook arm 21, so that the waterproof buckle cover 2 can prevent Water enters the interior of the photovoltaic roof, and the cooperation of the first hook arm 621 and the second hook arm 21 can prevent the waterproof snap cover from being uncovered by strong winds, thereby greatly improving the wind resistance performance of the photovoltaic roof.
  • the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile is placed on the right end of the bottom plate 61, and the right end of the bottom plate 61 is provided with a limit plate 611 to prevent the left border 12 of the right photovoltaic tile from coming out
  • the rightward displacement of the frame 12 is restricted by the limiting plate 611 of the bottom plate 61 of the T-shaped seat.
  • the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile overlaps the left end of the bottom plate 61, and the right border 13 of the left photovoltaic tile is not fixedly connected to the bottom plate 61 of the inverted T-shaped seat.
  • the bottom plate 61 has a certain displacement.
  • the displacement of the photovoltaic tile on the bottom plate 61 of the inverted T-shaped seat can be limited by the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile, and the deformation caused by the temperature change and the installation error, processing error, etc. can be accommodated by the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile.
  • the deformation caused by the deformation can prevent the photovoltaic laminate from being cracked due to the deformation and squeezing the photovoltaic tile, which is not easy to cause the cracking of the photovoltaic device, which can improve the power generation efficiency and reduce the potential safety hazard.
  • the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile has a certain displacement on the bottom plate 61, which can absorb the deformation caused by temperature, so as to avoid the deformation and extrusion of the photovoltaic tile, which will cause the cells to hide. crack.
  • the left side of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile is the side of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile close to the right side of the vertical plate 62.
  • the left side of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile is in contact with the left side.
  • the right side of the vertical plate 62 and the left side of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile can be used as a construction positioning surface, which is convenient for positioning and can reduce construction errors.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a photovoltaic tile in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic tile 1 further includes hooks 19 located at the upper end or the lower end of the backlight surface thereof, and the number of the hooks 19 is not specifically limited.
  • FIG. 14 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of a support beam in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of another support beam in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the hanging rod and the hook in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a fixed support 8 is installed on the support beam 5 , and the fixed support 8 includes a hanging rod 81 for hanging the hook 19 , and the hook 19 is hung on the hanging rod 81 , which can Further increase the installation reliability of photovoltaic tiles.
  • the hook 19 and the hanging rod 81 Through the cooperation of the hook 19 and the hanging rod 81, during the process of installing or removing the photovoltaic tile, the operation is convenient, and the surrounding photovoltaic tiles have little influence on the installation or disassembly.
  • the shape of the outer surface of the hanging rod 81 is not specifically limited, for example, the hanging rod 81 may be cylindrical.
  • the two ends of the hanging rod 81 are provided with limiters to prevent the hook 19 from coming out of the hanging rod 81 , thereby further increasing the installation reliability of the photovoltaic tile.
  • a sealing member 3 is provided between the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right, and the vertical plate 62 passes through the sealing member 3 and has good sealing and waterproof performance.
  • the vertical plate 62 further includes a support plate 622 for supporting the sealing member 3 , and the support plate 622 is located between the first hook arm 621 and the bottom plate 61 .
  • the orientation of the support plate 622 may be the same as the orientation of the first hook arm 621 .
  • the waterproof snap cover 2 is fixed on the first hook arm 621 and/or the support plate 622 by the fastener 9 , which can prevent the waterproof snap cover 2 from slipping off to one side.
  • the fastener 9 fixes the waterproof buckle cover 2 on the first hook arm 621 and the support plate 622 to prevent the waterproof buckle cover 2 from slipping off to the left.
  • the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile may also have a certain amount of displacement. Further avoid deformation and extrusion of photovoltaic tiles to cause cracking of photovoltaic laminates. It should be noted that, the size of the gap can be specifically set according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a first shock-absorbing rubber strip 10 is arranged between the left end of the bottom plate 61 and the right frame 13 of the left photovoltaic tile, which has a good shock-absorbing effect, absorbs deformation, and further reduces deformation and extrusion. Pressing photovoltaic tiles causes the photovoltaic laminate to crack.
  • a second shock-absorbing rubber strip 23 is arranged between the right end of the bottom plate 61 and the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile, and the limiting plate 611 on the bottom plate 61 prevents the second shock-absorbing rubber strip 23 is protruded to the right, which has a good shock absorption effect, absorbs deformation, and further reduces the deformation and squeezes the photovoltaic tile, causing the photovoltaic laminate to crack.
  • first damping strip 10 and the second damping rubber strip 23 are set by choice or both can be determined according to actual needs.
  • the first shock absorbing rubber strip 10 is provided with a limiting hole.
  • the bottom plate 61 is also provided with a limiting protrusion 612 that cooperates with the limiting hole.
  • the limiting protrusions 612 are inserted into the limiting holes, so as to limit the displacement of the first shock absorbing rubber strip 10 in the left-right direction, thereby preventing the first shock absorbing rubber strip from coming out to the left.
  • the left frame 12 includes a frame base 121 , and a sunken gutter 16 disposed on the top of the side wall of the frame base 121 .
  • a positioning plate 613 is also provided between the upper positioning plate 611 of the bottom plate 61 and the vertical plate 62 , and the left side wall of the sunken water guide 16 of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile abuts on the On the right surface of the vertical plate 62 , the bottom of the frame base 121 of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile abuts on the right surface of the positioning plate 613 , and further, the left side of the water guide groove 16 of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile
  • Both the wall and the bottom of the frame base 121 of the left frame 12 of the right photovoltaic tile are used as construction positioning surfaces, abutting on the corresponding components, which is more convenient for positioning and further reduces construction errors.
  • the surface of the waterproof buckle cover 2 in contact with the photovoltaic tile may also be provided with saw teeth that generate friction with the photovoltaic tile, which can further limit the movement of the photovoltaic tile.
  • the general assembly process can be as follows:
  • Step 1 Install the support beam 5 on the building roof.
  • Step 2 Install the inverted T-shaped seats 6 on the support beam 5, and the inverted T-shaped seats 6 are distributed at intervals.
  • the third step install the fixed support 8 on the support beam 5 .
  • the fourth step hang the hook 19 of the photovoltaic tile on the hanging rod 81 of the fixed support 8 .
  • Step 5 Rotate the photovoltaic tile a little so that the left frame 12 is placed on the right end of the bottom plate 61 of the inverted T-shaped seat 6, and the displacement of the left frame 12 is restricted by the limit plate 611 at the right end of the bottom plate 61, so that the right frame 13 It is overlapped on the left end of the bottom plate 61 .
  • Step 6 Cover the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles with a long waterproof buckle cover 2, and make the second hook arm 21 of the waterproof buckle cover cooperate with the first hook arm 621 at the top of the vertical plate 62.
  • the adjacent photovoltaic tiles on the left and right include a left photovoltaic tile and a right photovoltaic tile
  • the left frame of the right photovoltaic tile is placed on the right end of the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat
  • the right end of the bottom plate is provided with a protection against the right photovoltaic tile
  • the limit part where the left frame comes out that is, the left frame of the right photovoltaic tile is restricted from displacement by the limit part of the bottom plate of the T-shaped seat
  • the right border of the left photovoltaic tile overlaps the left end of the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat, that is , the right frame of the left photovoltaic tile is not fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat, so that the left border of the right photovoltaic tile can limit the displacement of the photovoltaic tile on the bottom plate of the inverted T-shaped seat.
  • the right frame of the panel adapts to deformation, so it is not easy to cause cracks in photovoltaic devices, which can improve power generation efficiency and reduce safety hazards.
  • the inverted T-shaped seat is fixed on the support beam, and the waterproof buckle cover is correspondingly arranged above the inverted T-shaped seat. On the adjacent photovoltaic tiles, it can prevent water from entering the interior of the photovoltaic roof, and is resistant to wind exposure.

Abstract

一种光伏屋顶,涉及太阳能光伏技术领域。光伏屋顶包括:若干光伏瓦(1)以及防水扣盖(2);上下相邻的光伏瓦(1)搭接设置,左右相邻的光伏瓦(1)并排间隔分布;左右相邻的光伏瓦(1)之间通过密封件(3)连成一体;防水扣盖(2)盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦(1)之间;光伏瓦(1)包括光伏层压件(11)、以及分别位于光伏层压件(11)四周的左边框(12)、右边框(13)、上边框(14)、下边框(15);左边框(12)的侧壁和右边框(13)的侧壁均设置有位于光伏层压件(11)上表面以下的下沉式导水槽(16);上下搭接的光伏瓦(1)中,上方光伏瓦(1)的下沉式导水槽(16)的出水口(1731),搭接于下方光伏瓦(1)的下沉式导水槽(16)上的防水扣盖(2)上。水不会在上方光伏瓦(1)上停留,不易漏水。左右相邻的光伏瓦(1)通过密封件(3)连成一体,避免从防水扣盖(2)漏下的水向光伏屋顶内部渗漏。

Description

一种光伏屋顶
本申请要求在2020年8月6日提交中国专利局的、申请号为202021625747.3,发明名称为“一种光伏屋顶”的专利申请、申请号为202021624577.7,发明名称为“一种光伏屋顶”的专利申请、申请号为202021625750.5,发明名称为“一种光伏屋顶”、的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及太阳能光伏技术领域,特别是涉及一种光伏屋顶。
背景技术
光伏建筑一体化即BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic)是将光伏产品集成到建筑上,不额外占用地面空间。例如,将光伏瓦设置在建筑屋顶上,形成光伏屋顶。
光伏屋顶需要较好的排水性能,以防止漏水。然而,现有技术的光伏屋顶易漏水,无法达到建筑需求。
概述
本申请提供一种光伏屋顶,旨在解决光伏屋顶易漏水,无法达到建筑需求的问题。
根据本申请的第一方面,提供了一种光伏屋顶,包括:若干光伏瓦以及防水扣盖;
若干光伏瓦中,上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接设置,左右相邻的光伏瓦并排间隔分布;左右相邻的光伏瓦之间通过密封件连成一体;所述防水扣盖盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦之间;
所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件四周的左边框、右边框、上边框、下边框;其中,所述左边框的侧壁和所述右边框的侧壁均设置有下沉式导水槽;所述下沉式导水槽位于所述光伏层压件上表面所在的平面以下;所述密封件位于左右相邻的光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽之间;
上下搭接的光伏瓦中,上方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽的出水口,搭接于下 方光伏瓦对应的防水扣盖上。
本申请中,排水过程中,由于重力作用,水主要从位于上方的光伏层压件的上表面流向下方的光伏层压件的上表面,以及从上方的防水扣盖的上表面流向下方的防水扣盖的上表面。即使水从防水扣盖中渗入,水也会流入位于光伏层压件上表面以下的下沉式导水槽内,由于上方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽的出水口高于位于下方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽上的防水扣盖,上方光伏瓦的导水槽中的水也会快速流向下方的光伏层压件上表面或下方的防水扣盖上,不会在上方光伏瓦上停留,不易漏水。同时,左右相邻的光伏瓦通过密封件连成一体,可以避免从防水扣盖漏下的水向光伏屋顶内部渗漏。
根据本申请的第二方面,提出一种光伏屋顶,包括:上下搭接的光伏瓦;
所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件上下两端的上边框和下边框;所述上边框的侧壁设置有上搭接板,所述下边框的侧壁设置有下搭接板;
上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,以使上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接;
上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板之间设置有密封件;
所述密封件包括位于下端且向下端方向弯曲的密封片、以及位于上端的密封条,所述密封片和所述密封条之间具有空隙,以使在所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后所述空隙形成保压腔。本申请第二方面提出的光伏屋顶中,上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,水由于重力,快速从上方光伏瓦流向下方光伏瓦,在上方光伏瓦上不易停留。上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板之间设置有密封件,密封件包括位于下端且向下弯曲的密封片、以及位于上端的密封条,该密封片和该密封条之间具有空隙,以使上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,空隙形成保压腔,上下光伏瓦搭接后,密封片朝向下方光伏瓦的光伏组件弯曲,向下弯曲的密封片作为第一道防水,能够防止水由于毛细作用向上运动。上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,密封片和密封条之间的空隙形成保压腔,保压腔作为第二道防水,在使用过程中,保压腔具有一定的气压,不利于水由于毛细作用向上运动,进而可以起到良好的防水作用。同时,位于上端的密封条作为第三道防水,与上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板的接触面积均较大,具有更好的密封性能,即使在较大的 外力作用下,水可能会透过下面两道防水,但是半圆形的密封段,因为具有良好的气密性,起到防水和防止气体进入的作用。本申请通过上述三道防水,能够从很大程度上提升光伏屋顶的密封性和防水性。上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,以使上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接。进而上下光伏瓦在搭接区域长度加长,在搭接高度不变的情况下,倾斜角度变小,减少了搭接形成的阴影,减少了由于上下搭接导致的遮光,提升了光伏屋顶的发电效率。
根据本申请的第三方面,提出一种光伏屋顶,包括:支撑梁、倒T型座、光伏瓦、防水扣盖;所述倒T型座固定在所述支撑梁上;所述防水扣盖对应设置在所述倒T型座的上方,左右相邻的光伏瓦位于所述防水扣盖和所述倒T型座之间,所述防水扣盖盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦上;上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接设置;所述左右相邻的光伏瓦包括左侧光伏瓦和右侧光伏瓦;
所述倒T型座包括底板和立板,所述立板的顶端具有第一钩臂;所述防水扣盖设置有与所述第一钩臂配合的第二钩臂,所述防水扣盖通过所述第二钩臂盖设在所述立板的顶端;
所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件左右两侧的左边框以及右边框,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框放置于所述底板的右端,所述底板的右端设置有防止所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框脱出的限位部,所述左侧光伏瓦的右边框搭接在所述底板的左端。
本申请第三方面提出的光伏屋顶中,左右相邻的光伏瓦包括左侧光伏瓦和右侧光伏瓦,右侧光伏瓦的左边框放置于倒T型座的底板的右端,底板的右端设置有防止右侧光伏瓦的左边框脱出的限位部,即,右侧光伏瓦的左边框被T型座的底板的限位部限制位移,左侧光伏瓦的右边框搭接在倒T型座的底板的左端,即,左侧光伏瓦的右边框并没有固定连接在倒T型座的底板上,使得可以通过右侧光伏瓦的左边框限制光伏瓦在倒T型座的底板上的位移,通过左侧光伏瓦的右边框适应变形,进而不易造成光伏器件的隐裂,可以提升发电效率,减少安全隐患。同时,倒T型座固定在支撑梁上,防水扣盖对应设置在倒T型座的上方,左右相邻的光伏瓦位于防水扣盖和倒T型座之间,防水扣盖盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦上,能够防止水进入光伏屋顶内部,且抗风揭。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施方式的描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请实施方式中的第一种光伏屋顶的结构示意图;
图2示出了本申请实施方式中的第一种光伏屋顶的局部结构示意图;
图3示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏瓦的结构示意图;
图4示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏屋顶排水的示意图;
图5示出了本申请实施方式中的第二种光伏屋顶的结构示意图;
图6示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏屋顶的局部放大示意图;
图7示出了本申请实施方式中的一种防水密封件的结构示意图;
图8示出了本申请实施方式中的一种防水密封件的工作示意图;
图9示出了本申请实施方式中的第三种光伏屋顶的结构示意图;
图10示出了本申请实施方式中的第四种光伏屋顶的结构示意图;
图11示出了本申请实施方式中的支撑梁和倒T型座的安装示意图;
图12示出了本申请实施方式中的一种倒T型座的结构示意图;
图13示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏瓦的局部结构示意图;
图14示出了本申请实施方式中的一种支撑梁的局部结构示意图;
图15示出了本申请实施方式中的另一种支撑梁的局部结构示意图;
图16示出了本申请实施方式中的挂杆和挂钩的装配示意图。
附图编号说明:
1-光伏瓦,11-光伏层压件,12-光伏瓦的左边框,13-光伏瓦的右边框,14-光伏瓦的上边框,15-光伏瓦的下边框,16-光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽,17-上搭接板,18-下搭接板,181-滴水檐,171-防泛水突起,172-限位部,173-卡接槽,1731-出水口,19-挂钩,121-框基体,2-防水扣盖,21-第二钩臂,3-密封件,4-防水密封件,41-密封片,42-密封条,5-支撑梁,6-倒T型座, 61-底板,62-立板,611-限位板,612-限位凸起,613-定位板,621-第一钩臂,622-支撑板,7-防震垫片,8-固定支座,81-挂杆,9-紧固件,10-第一减震胶条,23-第二减震胶条。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图,对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施方式是本申请一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都属于本申请保护的范围。
参照图1,图1示出了本申请实施方式中的第一种光伏屋顶的结构示意图。该光伏屋顶包括若干个光伏瓦、防水扣盖2,光伏瓦以及防水扣盖2的数量不作具体限定。
在光伏屋顶中,上下方向指从屋脊至屋檐的方向,屋脊为上、屋檐为下。如图1所示,虚线L1所示的方向即为上下方向,上下方向也是雨水的流向。虚线L2所示的方向即为左右方向。
在光伏屋顶中,上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接设置。
图2示出了本申请实施方式中的第一种光伏屋顶的局部结构示意图。图3示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏瓦的结构示意图。参照图1、图2所示、图3所示,光伏瓦包括光伏层压件11、以及分别位于光伏层压件11四周的左边框12、右边框13、上边框14、下边框15。针对一个光伏瓦而言,其上边框14靠近屋脊,下边框15靠近屋檐。其中,左边框12的侧壁和右边框13的侧壁均设置有位于光伏层压件11上表面以下的下沉式导水槽16。光伏层压件11的上表面为光伏层压件11的向光面。
在光伏屋顶中,左右上相邻的光伏瓦并排间隔分布,左右相邻的光伏瓦之间通过密封件3连成一体。即,左边光伏瓦的右边框13侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16和右边光伏瓦的左边框12侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16之间具有密封件3,密封件3将左右相邻的光伏瓦连成一体,使得左边光伏瓦的右边框13侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16和右边光伏瓦的左边框12侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16之间没有间隙,进而,水不会从左边光伏瓦的右边框13侧壁上的下沉 式导水槽16和右边光伏瓦的左边框12侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16之间向光伏屋顶内部渗漏。
防水扣盖2盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦之间,上下搭接的光伏瓦中,上方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16的出水口,搭接于下方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16上的防水扣盖2上。
图4示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏屋顶排水的示意图。图4中虚线的箭头所指即为水的流向,排水过程中,由于重力作用,水主要从位于上方的光伏层压件11的上表面流向下方的光伏层压件11的上表面,以及从上方的防水扣盖2的上表面流向下方的防水扣盖2的上表面。即使水从防水扣盖2中渗入,水也会流入位于光伏层压件11上表面以下的下沉式导水槽16内,由于上方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16的出水口高于位于下方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16上的防水扣盖2,上方光伏瓦的导水槽16中的水也会快速流向下方的光伏层压件11上表面或下方的防水扣盖2上,不会在上方光伏瓦上停留,不易漏水。密封件3将左右相邻的光伏瓦连成一体,进而,水不会从左边光伏瓦的右边框13侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16和右边光伏瓦的左边框12侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16之间向光伏屋顶内部渗漏。
可选的,参照图1、图2所示,光伏瓦的下边框15的上表面具有导水斜面,进而在排水过程中,由于重力作用,水可以快速从光伏层压件11上表面流向下方的光伏层压件11的上表面。
可选的,密封件3为弹性密封件,进而,光伏瓦在左右方向发生形变的情况下,通过弹性密封件的变形而吸收形变应力,防止光伏瓦相互挤压变形,可以从很大程度上减少光伏瓦中的电池片隐裂等,提升了光伏瓦的寿命和光电转换效率,并减少安全隐患。
例如,光伏屋顶在施工中容易发生变形,以及由于温度变化而发生变形,上述变形会挤压光伏瓦中的光伏层压件,使得光伏层压件隐裂,降低光伏层压件的寿命和光电转换效率,还可能会带来安全隐患。而本申请中,通过弹性密封件的变形而吸收变形应力,可以从很大程度上减少光伏瓦隐裂等,提升了光伏瓦中光伏层压件的寿命和光电转换效率,并减少安全隐患。
需要说明的是,防水扣盖2高于光伏瓦的光伏层压件11的上表面,即,位于光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16上的防水扣盖2比该光伏瓦的光伏层压件11 的上表面高,进而,由于重力作用,水主要会从光伏层压件11的上表面流走,使得从防水扣盖渗入下沉式导水槽16的水量更少,进一步提升防水效果。
可选的,上方光伏瓦的下边框15搭接在下方光伏瓦的上边框14上,以实现上下光伏瓦的搭接,上方光伏瓦的下边框15和下方光伏瓦的上边框14之间具有防水密封件4,水由于重力作用,从上方光伏瓦的下边框15向下方光伏瓦的上边框14流下的过程中,该防水密封件4可以防止水由于毛细作用等向上运动,进一步提升防水效果。
可选的,下沉式导水槽16的长度大于左边框12或右边框13的长度,并从上边框14的上端和下边框15的下端伸出。即,在上下方向上,位于左边框12侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16的尺寸大于左边框12的尺寸、上边框14的尺寸、下边框15的尺寸,进而下沉式导水槽16在上下方向上,不仅能够防止左边框12上的水渗入,还能够防止上边框14上方的水渗入,以及下边框15上方的水渗入,且下沉式导水槽16的出水口能够充分搭接在下方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16上方的防水扣盖2上,以快速、充分导水。同样的,在上下方向上,位于右边框13侧壁上的下沉式导水槽16的尺寸大于右边框13的尺寸、上边框14的尺寸、下边框15的尺寸,进而下沉式导水槽16在上下方向上,不仅能够防止右边框13上的水渗入,还能够防止上边框14上方的水渗入,以及下边框15上方的水渗入,且下沉式导水槽16的出水口能够充分搭接在下方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽16上方的防水扣盖2上,以快速、充分导水。
参照图5,图5示出了本申请实施方式中的第二种光伏屋顶的结构示意图。
该光伏屋顶包括:上下搭接的光伏瓦;光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件上下两端的上边框14和下边框15。
光伏瓦的上边框14的侧壁设置有上搭接板17,下边框15的侧壁设置有下搭接板18。上方光伏瓦的下搭接板18搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板17上,以使上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接,进而上下光伏瓦在搭接区域长度加长,在搭接高度不变的情况下,倾斜角度变小,减少了搭接形成的阴影,减少了由于上下搭接导致的遮光,提升了光伏屋顶的发电效率。同时,上方光伏瓦的 下搭接板18搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板17上,水由于重力,快速从上方光伏瓦流向下方光伏瓦,在上方光伏瓦上不易停留。
上下搭接的上搭接板17和下搭接板18之间设置有防水密封件4。图6示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏屋顶的局部放大示意图。图7示出了本申请实施方式中的一种防水密封件的结构示意图。参照图5、图6和图7所示,防水密封件4包括位于下端且向下弯曲的密封片41、以及位于上端的密封条42,下端可以为靠近下方光伏瓦的光伏层压件的一端,上端可以为与下端相对的一端。该密封片41和该密封条42之间具有空隙,以使上搭接板14和下搭接板15上下搭接后,空隙形成保压腔。上下光伏瓦搭接后,密封片41朝向下方光伏瓦的光伏组件弯曲。对于密封条42的形状不作具体限定。
本实施例中,上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,水由于重力,快速从上方光伏瓦流向下方光伏瓦,在上方光伏瓦上不易停留。上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板之间设置有密封件,密封件包括位于下端且向下弯曲的密封片、以及位于上端的密封条,该密封片和该密封条之间具有空隙,以使上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,空隙形成保压腔,上下光伏瓦搭接后,密封片朝向下方光伏瓦的光伏组件弯曲,向下弯曲的密封片作为第一道防水,能够防止水由于毛细作用向上运动。上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,密封片和密封条之间的空隙形成保压腔,保压腔作为第二道防水,在使用过程中,保压腔具有一定的气压,不利于水由于毛细作用向上运动,进而可以起到良好的防水作用。同时,位于上端的密封条作为第三道防水,与上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板的接触面积均较大,具有更好的密封性能,即使在较大的外力作用下,水可能会透过下面两道防水,但是半圆形的密封段,因为具有良好的气密性,起到防水和防止气体进入的作用。本申请通过上述三道防水,能够从很大程度上提升光伏屋顶的密封性和防水性。上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,以使上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接。进而上下光伏瓦在搭接区域长度加长,在搭接高度不变的情况下,倾斜角度变小,减少了搭接形成的阴影,减少了由于上下搭接导致的遮光,提升了光伏屋顶的发电效率。
可选的,密封条为半圆形密封圈,上述形状的密封条不仅便于加工,而且防水效果好。
图8示出了本申请实施方式中的一种防水密封件的工作示意图。参照图5、图6、图7、图8所示,虚线箭头所示可以为水由于毛细作用向上运动的 示意,上下光伏瓦搭接后,密封片41朝向下方光伏瓦的光伏组件弯曲,向下弯曲的密封片41作为第一道防水,在水运动至A区域的过程中,能够防止水由于毛细作用向上运动。上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,密封片41和密封条42之间的空隙形成保压腔B,保压腔B作为第二道防水,在使用过程中,该腔体B与外部的压强相等,如,保压腔B与A区域的压强相等,在两者压强相等的情况下,不利于水由于毛细作用向上运动,进而可以起到良好的防水作用。同时,位于上端的密封条42作为第三道防水,与上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板的接触面积均较大,具有更好的密封性能,即使在较大的外力作用下,水可能会透过下面两道防水,但是半圆形的密封段,因为具有良好的气密性,起到防水和防止气体进入的作用,使得基本没有水和气体到达C区域,通过上述三道防水,能够从很大程度上提升光伏屋顶的密封性和防水性。
泛水主要是在水较多的情况下,在波浪的带动下,水可能会向上方涌动或倒灌。参照图6所示,在光伏瓦中,上搭接板17上设置有至少一个防泛水突起171,防泛水突起171的突起高度根据实际需要设定,本申请对此不作具体限定,防泛水突起171可以起到防止泛水的作用,进而提升光伏屋顶的防水性和密封性。上搭接板17和下搭接板18上下搭接后,防泛水突起171位于密封片41的下方,也就是说先由防泛水突起171将水的向上运动进行拦截,进而向上方运动的水即使存在量也较少,由防水密封件4的三道防水作用进行拦截。同时,由于防泛水突起171的存在,在水向下排出的过程中,可以带走光伏层压件向光面的灰尘,进而减少灰尘遮挡,利于提升发电效率,提升发电量,且具有良好的防水性和密封性。
可选的,参照图6所示,下搭接板18的下端具有至少一个滴水檐181,滴水檐181利于将水向下传导,上搭接板17和下搭接板18上下搭接后,滴水檐181位于密封片41的下方,也就是说先由滴水檐181将水向下传导,进而向上方运动的水即使存在量也较少,由防水密封件4的三道防水作用进行拦截。
可选的,第一方向为上下搭接的光伏瓦的排布方向,如图5或图6中虚线L1所示即为第一方向。下搭接板18在平行于第一方向上的截面为三角形,可以为近似的直角三角形,直角三角形的斜边位于下搭接板18的上表面,在利于排水的基础上,能够抵抗施工误差以及温度变形引起的误差,且能够 减少对下方光伏层压件的光学遮挡。
可选的,下搭接板18的上表面具有导水斜面,进而在排水过程中,由于重力作用,水可以快速流向下方。
可选的,上搭接板17在平行于第一方向上的截面为三角形,可以为近似的直角三角形,直角三角形的直角边位于上下搭接板搭接的表面,同样在利于排水的基础上,能够抵抗施工误差以及温度变形引起的误差,且能够减少对下方光伏层压件的光学遮挡。
可选的,参照图6所示,上搭接板17还包括用于限制密封条42向上位移的限位部172,上搭接板17和下搭接板18上下搭接后,限位部172位于密封条42的上方,即,限位部172位于密封条42的上方,限位部172一方面能够限制密封条42向上方位移,另一方面,即使有少量的水突破多重防水设置,也会被限位部172阻挡其进一步向下运动,提到进一步防水的作用。
可选的,上搭接板17上设有用于卡接防水密封件4的卡接槽173,卡接槽173和防水密封件4卡接后,卡接槽173位于密封片41的下方,上搭接板17和防水密封件4卡接的过程中,便于对位。
图9示出了本申请实施方式中的第三种光伏屋顶的结构示意图。参照图6、图9所示,卡接槽173具有出水口1731,出水口1731搭接于光伏瓦的位于左右方向如虚线L2所示方向上的左右边框的下沉式导水槽(图9中下沉式导水槽未示出)上,进而即使卡接槽173中具有少量的水,也会通过下沉式导水槽流走,避免漏水。
可选的,参照图9所示,上下搭接的上搭接板17和下搭接板18的搭接高度h小于或等于25mm,上述尺寸的上下搭接板在搭接区域长度加长,倾斜角度变小,减少了搭接形成的阴影,减少了由于上下搭接导致的遮光,提升了光伏屋顶的发电效率。更优的,上下搭接的上搭接板17和下搭接板18的搭接高度h小于或等于18mm,或者,更优地,上下搭接的上搭接板17和下搭接板18的搭接高度h小于或等于15mm。
图10示出了本申请实施方式中的第四种光伏屋顶的结构示意图。图11示出了本申请实施方式中的支撑梁和倒T型座的安装示意图。参照图10和图11,该光伏屋顶包括支撑梁5、倒T型座、光伏瓦、防水扣盖2。倒T型 座6固定在支撑梁5上。防水扣盖2对应设置在倒T型座6的上方,左右相邻的光伏瓦位于防水扣盖2和倒T型座6之间,防水扣盖2盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦上。左右相邻的光伏瓦包括左侧光伏瓦和右侧光伏瓦。
图12示出了本申请实施方式中的一种倒T型座的结构示意图。参照图10、图11、图12所示,倒T型座包括底板61和立板62,所述立板62的顶端具有第一钩臂621;所述防水扣盖2设置有与所述第一钩臂621配合的第二钩臂22,所述防水扣盖2通过所述第二钩臂22盖设在所述立板62的顶端;
所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件左右两侧的左边框12以及右边框13,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框12放置于所述底板61的右端,所述底板61的右端设置有防止所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框12脱出的限位部,所述左侧光伏瓦的右边框13搭接在所述底板61的左端。
底板61和立板62相交。倒T型座固定在支撑梁5上,底板61和支撑梁5相对。需要说明的是,多个倒T型座6可以间隔分布,对于支撑梁5上的倒T型座6的数量,以及相邻倒T型座6之间的间距大小不作具体限定。参见图1,倒T型座6和支撑梁5之间可以设置有防震垫片7,以起到减震作用。
图10中位于立板62左边的光伏瓦即为左侧光伏瓦,位于立板62右边的光伏瓦即为右侧光伏瓦。立板62的顶端具有第一钩臂621。立板62的顶端为立板62远离底板61的一端。防水扣盖2设置有与所述第一钩臂621配合的第二钩臂21,防水扣盖2通过第二钩臂21盖设在所述立板62的顶端,这样防水扣盖2能够防止水进入光伏屋顶内部,且通过第一钩臂621和第二钩臂21的配合,能够防止防水扣盖被大风揭开,从而从很大程度上提高了光伏屋顶的抗风揭性能。
参照图10所示,右侧光伏瓦的左边框12放置于底板61的右端,底板61的右端设置有防止右侧光伏瓦的左边框12脱出的限位板611,即右侧光伏瓦的左边框12被T型座的底板61的限位板611限制向右的位移。左侧光伏瓦的右边框13搭接在底板61的左端,左侧光伏瓦的右边框13并没有固定连接在倒T型座的底板61上,进而,左侧光伏瓦的右边框13可以在底板61上具有一定的位移。本申请可以通过右侧光伏瓦的左边框12限制光伏瓦在倒T型座的底板61上的位移,通过左侧光伏瓦的右边框13适应由于温度 变化引起的变形以及安装误差、加工误差等引起的变形,以避免变形挤压光伏瓦导致光伏层压件隐裂,进而不易造成光伏器件的隐裂,可以提升发电效率,减少安全隐患。
例如,金属材料通常由于温度变化产生较大的变形,左侧光伏瓦的右边框13在底板61上具有一定的位移,可以吸收由于温度引起的变形,以避免变形挤压光伏瓦导致电池片隐裂。
右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的左侧面为右侧光伏瓦的左边框12靠近立板62的右侧面的侧面,可选的,右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的左侧面抵接在立板62的右侧面上,进而右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的左侧面可以作为施工定位面,便于定位,可以减小施工误差。
可选的,图13示出了本申请实施方式中的一种光伏瓦的局部结构示意图。参照图13所示,光伏瓦1还包括位于其背光面的上端或下端的挂钩19,对于挂钩19的数量不作具体限定。图14示出了本申请实施方式中的一种支撑梁的局部结构示意图。图15示出了本申请实施方式中的另一种支撑梁的局部结构示意图。图16示出了本申请实施方式中的挂杆和挂钩的装配示意图。参照图14、图15、图16所示,支撑梁5上安装有固定支座8,固定支座8包括用于挂设挂钩19的挂杆81,挂钩19挂设在挂杆81上,能够进一步增加光伏瓦的安装可靠性。通过挂钩19和挂杆81的配合,在安装或拆卸光伏瓦的过程中,操作便利,周围光伏瓦对其安装或拆卸的影响小。
需要说明的是挂杆81的外表面的形状不作具体限定,例如,挂杆81可以为圆柱形。
可选的,挂杆81的两端设置有防止挂钩19从挂杆81上脱出的限位件,进而进一步增加光伏瓦的安装可靠性。
可选的,参照图10所示,左右相邻的光伏瓦之间设置有密封件3,立板62穿过密封件3,具有良好的密封、防水性能。参照图10和图12所示,立板62还包括用于支撑该密封件3的支撑板622,支撑板622位于第一钩臂621和底板61之间。支撑板622的朝向可以和第一钩臂621的朝向相同。
可选的,参照图10所示,防水扣盖2通过紧固件9,固定在第一钩臂621和/或支撑板622上,可以防止防水扣盖2向一侧滑脱。如,图10中,紧固件9将防水扣盖2固定在第一钩臂621和支撑板622上,防止防水扣盖2向左侧滑脱。
可选的,参照图10所示,右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的右侧面与限位板611 之间具有间隙,进而右侧光伏瓦的左边框12也可以具有一定的位移量,可以进一步避免变形挤压光伏瓦导致光伏层压件隐裂。需要说明的是,该间隙的大小具体可以根据实际需要设定,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的,参照图10所示,底板61的左端和左侧光伏瓦的右边框13之间设置有第一减震胶条10,起到良好的减震作用,吸收变形,进一步减少变形挤压光伏瓦导致光伏层压件隐裂。
可选的,参照图10所示,底板61的右端和右侧光伏瓦的左边框12之间设置有第二减震胶条23,底板61上的限位板611防止第二减震胶条23向右脱出,起到良好的减震作用,吸收变形,进一步减少变形挤压光伏瓦导致光伏层压件隐裂。
需要说明的是,第一减震条10和第二减震胶条23是择一设置抑或两者均设置,具体可以根据实际需要确定。
可选的,参照图10所示,第一减震胶条10上设置有限位孔,参照图10和图12所示,底板61上还设置与限位孔配合的限位凸起612,这样限位凸起612插入限位孔中,从而限制第一减震胶条10的左右方向上的位移,进而防止第一减震条向左脱出。
可选的,参照图10所示,左边框12包括框基体121,以及设置于框基体121的侧壁顶端上的下沉式导水槽16。参照图10和图12所示,底板61上限位板611和立板62之间还设置有定位板613,右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的下沉式导水槽16的左侧壁抵接在立板62的右表面上,右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的框基体121的底部抵接在定位板613的右表面上,进而,右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的导水槽16的左侧壁和右侧光伏瓦的左边框12的框基体121的底部均作为施工定位面,抵接在相应的部件上,更利于定位,进一步减小施工误差。
可选的,参照图10所示,防水扣盖2与光伏瓦接触的表面还可以设置有与光伏瓦产生摩擦力的锯齿,可以进一步限制光伏瓦的窜动。
针对本申请提供的光伏屋顶,大致装配过程可以如下:
第一步:在建筑屋顶上安装支撑梁5。
第二步:在支撑梁5上安装倒T型座6,倒T型座6间隔分布。
第三步:在支撑梁5上安装固定支座8。
第四步:将光伏瓦的挂钩19挂设在固定支座8的挂杆81上。
第五步:将光伏瓦稍作旋转,使其左边框12放置于倒T型座6的底板61的右端,由底板61右端的限位板611限制左边框12的位移,使其右边框 13搭接在底板61的左端。
第六步:在左右相邻的光伏瓦上盖设通长的防水扣盖2,并使防水扣盖的第二钩臂21和立板62的顶端的第一钩臂621配合。
本申请中,左右相邻的光伏瓦包括左侧光伏瓦和右侧光伏瓦,右侧光伏瓦的左边框放置于倒T型座的底板的右端,底板的右端设置有防止右侧光伏瓦的左边框脱出的限位部,即,右侧光伏瓦的左边框被T型座的底板的限位部限制位移,左侧光伏瓦的右边框搭接在倒T型座的底板的左端,即,左侧光伏瓦的右边框并没有固定连接在倒T型座的底板上,使得可以通过右侧光伏瓦的左边框限制光伏瓦在倒T型座的底板上的位移,通过左侧光伏瓦的右边框适应变形,进而不易造成光伏器件的隐裂,可以提升发电效率,减少安全隐患。同时,倒T型座固定在支撑梁上,防水扣盖对应设置在倒T型座的上方,左右相邻的光伏瓦位于防水扣盖和倒T型座之间,防水扣盖盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦上,能够防止水进入光伏屋顶内部,且抗风揭。
最后,还需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者终端设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施方式进行了描述,但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下,在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可做出很多形式,这些均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种光伏屋顶,其特征在于,包括:若干光伏瓦以及防水扣盖;
    若干光伏瓦中,上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接设置,左右相邻的光伏瓦并排间隔分布;左右相邻的光伏瓦之间通过密封件连成一体;所述防水扣盖盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦之间;
    所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件四周的左边框、右边框、上边框、下边框;其中,所述左边框的侧壁和所述右边框的侧壁均设置有下沉式导水槽;所述下沉式导水槽位于所述光伏层压件上表面所在的平面以下;所述密封件位于左右相邻的光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽之间;
    上下搭接的光伏瓦中,上方光伏瓦的下沉式导水槽的出水口,搭接于下方光伏瓦对应的防水扣盖上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述上边框的侧壁设置有上搭接板,所述下边框的侧壁设置有下搭接板;
    上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,以使上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接;
    上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板之间设置有防水密封件;
    所述防水密封件包括位于下端且向下端方向弯曲的密封片、以及位于上端的密封条,所述密封片和所述密封条之间具有空隙,以使在所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后所述空隙形成保压腔;所述密封条为半圆形密封圈。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,在光伏瓦中,所述上搭接板上设置有至少一个防泛水突起;所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,所述防泛水突起位于所述密封片的下端。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,在光伏瓦中,所述下搭接板的下端具有至少一个滴水檐;所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,所述滴水檐位于所述密封片的下端。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述光伏屋顶还包括:支撑梁、倒T型座;所述倒T型座固定在所述支撑梁上;所述防水扣盖对应设置在所述倒T型座的上方,左右相邻的光伏瓦位于所述防水扣盖和所述倒T型座之间;所述左右相邻的光伏瓦包括左侧光伏瓦和右侧光伏 瓦;
    所述倒T型座包括底板和立板,所述立板的顶端具有第一钩臂;所述防水扣盖设置有与所述第一钩臂配合的第二钩臂,所述防水扣盖通过所述第二钩臂盖设在所述立板的顶端;
    所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框放置于所述底板的右端,所述底板的右端设置有防止所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框脱出的限位部,所述左侧光伏瓦的右边框搭接在所述底板的左端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框的左侧面抵接在所述立板的右侧面上。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述光伏瓦还包括位于其背光面的上端或下端的挂钩,所述支撑梁上安装有固定支座,所述固定支座包括用于挂设所述挂钩的挂杆。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述光伏瓦的下边框的上表面具有导水斜面。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述密封件为弹性密封件。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述下沉式导水槽的长度大于所述左边框或所述右边框的长度,并从所述上边框的上端和所述下边框的下端伸出。
  11. 一种光伏屋顶,其特征在于,包括:上下搭接的光伏瓦;
    所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件上下两端的上边框和下边框;所述上边框的侧壁设置有上搭接板,所述下边框的侧壁设置有下搭接板;
    上方光伏瓦的下搭接板搭接在下方光伏瓦的上搭接板上,以使上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接;
    上下搭接的上搭接板和下搭接板之间设置有密封件;
    所述密封件包括位于下端且向下端方向弯曲的密封片、以及位于上端的密封条,所述密封片和所述密封条之间具有空隙,以使在所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后所述空隙形成保压腔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,在光伏瓦中,所 述上搭接板上设置有至少一个防泛水突起;所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,所述防泛水突起位于所述密封片的下端。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,在光伏瓦中,所述下搭接板的下端具有至少一个滴水檐;所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,所述滴水檐位于所述密封片的下端。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述下搭接板在平行于第一方向上的截面为三角形;所述第一方向为上下搭接的光伏瓦的排布方向。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述下搭接板的上表面具有导水斜面。
  16. 根据权利要求11-14中任一所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述上搭接板在平行于第一方向上的截面为三角形;所述第一方向为上下搭接的光伏瓦的排布方向。
  17. 根据权利要求11-14中任一所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述上搭接板还包括用于限制所述密封条向上端方向位移的限位部;所述上搭接板和下搭接板上下搭接后,所述限位部位于所述密封条的上端;所述密封条为半圆形密封圈。
  18. 根据权利要求11-14中任一所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述上搭接板上设有用于卡接所述密封件的卡接槽;所述卡接槽和所述密封件卡接后,所述卡接槽位于所述密封片的下端。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述光伏瓦还包括分别位于所述光伏层压件左右两端的左边框和右边框;其中,所述左边框的侧壁和所述右边框的侧壁均设置有下沉式导水槽;所述下沉式导水槽位于所述光伏层压件上表面所在的平面以下;
    所述卡接槽具有出水口,所述出水口搭接于所述下沉式导水槽上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述下沉式导水槽的长度大于所述左边框或所述右边框的长度,并从所述上边框的上端和所述下边框的下端伸出。
  21. 一种光伏屋顶,其特征在于,包括:支撑梁、倒T型座、光伏瓦、防水扣盖;所述倒T型座固定在所述支撑梁上;所述防水扣盖对应设置在所 述倒T型座的上方,左右相邻的光伏瓦位于所述防水扣盖和所述倒T型座之间,所述防水扣盖盖设在左右相邻的光伏瓦上;上下相邻的光伏瓦搭接设置;所述左右相邻的光伏瓦包括左侧光伏瓦和右侧光伏瓦;
    所述倒T型座包括底板和立板,所述立板的顶端具有第一钩臂;所述防水扣盖设置有与所述第一钩臂配合的第二钩臂,所述防水扣盖通过所述第二钩臂盖设在所述立板的顶端;
    所述光伏瓦包括光伏层压件、以及分别位于所述光伏层压件左右两侧的左边框以及右边框,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框放置于所述底板的右端,所述底板的右端设置有防止所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框脱出的限位部,所述左侧光伏瓦的右边框搭接在所述底板的左端。
  22. 根据权利要21所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框的左侧面抵接在所述立板的右侧面上。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述光伏瓦还包括位于其背光面的上端或下端的挂钩,所述支撑梁上安装有固定支座,所述固定支座包括用于挂设所述挂钩的挂杆。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述挂杆的两端设置有防止所述挂钩从所述挂杆上脱出的限位件。
  25. 根据权利要求21或22所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,左右相邻的光伏瓦之间设置有密封件;所述立板穿过所述密封件;
    所述立板还包括用于支撑所述密封件的支撑板,所述支撑板位于所述第一钩臂和所述底板之间。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述防水扣盖通过紧固件固定在所述第一钩臂和/或所述支撑板上。
  27. 根据权利要求21或22所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框与所述限位部之间具有间隙。
  28. 根据权利要求21或22所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述底板的左端和所述左侧光伏瓦的右边框之间设置有第一减震胶条;
    和/或,所述底板的右端和所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框之间设置有第二减震胶条。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述第一减震胶 条上设置有限位孔,所述底板上还设置与所述限位孔配合的限位凸起,以限制所述第一减震胶条的位移。
  30. 根据权利要求21或22所述的光伏屋顶,其特征在于,所述左边框包括框基体,以及设置于所述框基体的侧壁顶端上的导水槽;所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框的导水槽抵接在所述立板的右表面上;
    所述底板上位于所述限位部和所述立板之间还设置有定位板,所述右侧光伏瓦的左边框的框基体的底部抵接在所述定位板上。
PCT/CN2020/138067 2020-08-06 2020-12-21 一种光伏屋顶 WO2022027903A1 (zh)

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