WO2022027502A1 - 一种小区间负载均衡的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种小区间负载均衡的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022027502A1
WO2022027502A1 PCT/CN2020/107553 CN2020107553W WO2022027502A1 WO 2022027502 A1 WO2022027502 A1 WO 2022027502A1 CN 2020107553 W CN2020107553 W CN 2020107553W WO 2022027502 A1 WO2022027502 A1 WO 2022027502A1
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Prior art keywords
cell
ratio
base station
parameter
user equipments
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PCT/CN2020/107553
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王宏伟
赵倩倩
刘绍峰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/107553 priority Critical patent/WO2022027502A1/zh
Publication of WO2022027502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022027502A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for load balancing between cells.
  • the present application provides a method and device for load balancing between cells, which are used to reasonably deploy the cell load in different cells, so as to realize the effective utilization of frequency domain resources and space resources of different cells.
  • a first aspect provides a method for load balancing between cells, the method comprising: a first base station acquiring load information of a first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell, the load information of one cell and the active users of the cell
  • the number is related to the cell resource parameters of the cell.
  • the cell resource parameters include downlink spectrum efficiency.
  • the number of active users in a cell may refer to the number of user equipments accessing the cell.
  • the first base station can obtain the load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell, the load information is related to the number of activated users and cell resource parameters, and the number of activated users can be used to reflect the cell's load information.
  • Load degree the downlink frequency efficiency included in the cell resource parameter can be used to reflect the usage of frequency domain resources and space resources of the cell, so that the first base station can, according to the load information of the first cell and the load information of at least one cell, Part of the load of the first cell is transferred to a cell with less load and less use of frequency domain resources and space resources in the at least one cell, and then the cell load is reasonably deployed in different cells, so that the frequency domain resources of different cells can be combined with each other. Efficient utilization of space resources and maximization of spectral efficiency.
  • a simple and effective manner for determining the downlink spectral efficiency of a cell is provided.
  • the load information is a parameter ratio
  • the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the first cell according to the load information of the first cell and at least one cell
  • At least one cell includes: the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the at least one cell according to the first parameter ratio and the at least one second parameter ratio; wherein the first parameter ratio is The ratio of the number of active users in the first cell to the cell resource parameter of the first cell, and each of the at least one second parameter ratio is the number of active users in one cell in the at least one cell and the cell resource parameter of the cell. ratio.
  • the load information of a cell is the ratio of the number of active users in the cell to the cell resource parameters of the cell, that is, the load information is the number of active users carried on each resource parameter, so the load of different cells.
  • the severity and resource usage can be indirectly reflected by the parameter ratio of the cell, so that when load balancing is realized based on the parameter ratio, the rational deployment of the cell load can be achieved, and the number of bits of load information can also be reduced.
  • the cell resource parameter further includes at least one of the following: system bandwidth and downlink subframe ratio; the first parameter ratio is the ratio of the number of activated users in the first cell and the first product ratio, the first product is the product of the downlink spectral efficiency included in the cell resource parameters of the first cell and one or more of the system bandwidth and the ratio of downlink subframes; each of the at least one second parameter ratio The second parameter ratio is the ratio of the number of activated users in one cell in at least one cell to the second product of the cell, where the second product is the downlink spectral efficiency included in the cell resource parameters of the cell, and the ratio of the system bandwidth and downlink subframes The product of one or more of .
  • the first base station may comprehensively consider the effects of different parameters on the cell load when implementing load balancing. , frequency domain resources and space resources, so that user equipment can be reasonably deployed between different frequency points to maximize spectrum efficiency and improve network resource utilization and network performance.
  • the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the at least one cell according to the first parameter ratio and the at least one second parameter ratio, including :
  • the first base station determines that the ratio of the first parameter is greater than the first threshold
  • the first base station determines, according to at least one ratio of the second parameter, a cell in which the ratio of the second parameter is less than the second threshold in at least one cell is the target cell, and the second threshold is less than The first threshold
  • the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the target cell.
  • the relevant thresholds when the first base station implements load balancing may be the same for different cells, that is, the relevant thresholds can be configured uniformly, thereby greatly reducing network operations.
  • the first base station may use the at least two second parameter ratios in the at least two second parameter ratios.
  • the cell corresponding to the smallest second parameter ratio is determined as the target cell; further, when the first base station selects the target cell, the signal quality reported by one or more users in the first cell may also be combined, that is, the first base station is selecting the target cell.
  • the ratio of the second parameter in the at least one cell is smaller than the second threshold, it can also be determined whether the signal quality of the selected cell satisfies the signal quality reported by the one or more users, and will satisfy the signal quality reported by the one or more users
  • the cell with the highest signal quality is determined as the target cell.
  • the first base station transferring one or more user equipments in the first cell to the target cell includes: the first base station handing over the one or more user equipments to the target cell or, the first base station releases the one or more user equipments in the idle state, and sends frequency priority information to the one or more user equipments when the idle state is released, where the frequency priority information is used to indicate The priority of the target frequency point is the highest, and the one or more user equipments are instructed to enter the target cell through cell reselection according to the priority of the frequency point, so as to transfer the one or more user equipments to the target cell.
  • the above possible implementation manner can improve the flexibility of the first base station to transfer one or more user equipments in the first cell to the target cell.
  • the first base station acquiring the load information of the second cell includes: the first base station acquiring the first base station from the second base station Load information of the second cell.
  • the first base station obtains the load information of the second cell from the second base station, including: the first base station sends request information to the second base station through an interface (for example, an X2 interface) between the base stations, where the request information is used to request the first base station.
  • the first base station receives the load information of the second cell from the second base station through the interface.
  • the first base station may obtain load information of the second cell from the second base station through an interface between base stations, where the load information may be a parameter ratio, thereby improving the diversity of information exchange between base stations.
  • the one or more user equipments in the first cell include at least one of the following user equipments: user equipments with a service resource ratio greater than a preset ratio, located in the coverage of the first cell
  • the user equipment at the edge has a higher priority than the user equipment with the preset priority.
  • the above several types of user equipment may be transferred to the target cell according to the usage of different user equipments, so as to ensure the communication quality of these several types of user equipment and improve the user experience.
  • a device for load balancing between cells wherein the device is a first base station or a chip in the first base station, and includes: an obtaining unit configured to obtain the adjacent first cell and the first cell.
  • Load information of at least one cell the load information of one cell is related to the number of activated users of the cell and cell resource parameters of the cell, and the cell resource parameters include downlink spectrum efficiency; the transfer unit is used for the first cell and the at least one cell. load information, and transfer one or more user equipments in the first cell to the at least one cell.
  • the load information is a parameter ratio
  • the transfer unit is further configured to: transfer one or more user equipments in the first cell according to the first parameter ratio and the at least one second parameter ratio Transfer to the at least one cell; wherein the first parameter ratio is the ratio of the number of activated users in the first cell to the cell resource parameters of the first cell, and each second parameter ratio in the at least one second parameter ratio is at least one The ratio of the number of active users in a cell to the cell resource parameter of the cell.
  • the cell resource parameter further includes at least one of the following: system bandwidth and downlink subframe ratio; the first parameter ratio is the ratio of the number of activated users in the first cell and the first product ratio, the first product is the product of the downlink spectral efficiency included in the cell resource parameters of the first cell and one or more of the system bandwidth and the ratio of downlink subframes; each of the at least one second parameter ratio
  • the second parameter ratio is specifically the ratio of the number of activated users in one cell in at least one cell to the second product of the cell, where the second product is included in the cell resource parameters of the cell, and the ratio of the system bandwidth and downlink subframe ratio. The product of one or more, between.
  • the apparatus further includes: a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the at least one second parameter ratio, a cell in the at least one cell when the first base station determines that the ratio of the first parameter is greater than the first threshold.
  • a cell with a ratio of the second parameter smaller than a second threshold is selected as a target cell, and the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold;
  • the transfer unit is further configured to transfer one or more user equipments in the first cell to the target cell.
  • the at least one cell includes: one or more cells other than the first cell managed by the first base station; and/or one or more cells managed by the second base station .
  • the obtaining unit is further configured to: obtain load information of the second cell from the second base station.
  • the one or more user equipments in the first cell include at least one of the following user equipments: user equipments with a service resource ratio greater than a preset ratio, located in the coverage of the first cell The user equipment at the edge has a higher priority than the user equipment with the preset priority.
  • a device for load balancing between cells is provided, the device is a first base station or a chip in the first base station, and includes: a processor and a communication interface, the processor is configured to perform the first The method for load balancing between cells provided by the aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a readable storage medium is provided, and instructions are stored in the readable storage medium, and when the readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to perform the first aspect or any one of the possibilities of the first aspect.
  • the method for inter-cell load balancing provided by the implementation manner.
  • a fifth aspect provides a computer program product, characterized in that, when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is made to execute the inter-cell load provided by the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect balanced approach.
  • any device, computer storage medium or computer program product of the method for load balancing between cells provided above is used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to. The beneficial effects in the corresponding methods provided above will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for load balancing between cells provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another method for load balancing between cells provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another method for load balancing between cells provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-cell load balancing provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for inter-cell load balancing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one means one or more
  • plural means two or more.
  • And/or which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • At least one item (a) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c may be single or multiple .
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and functions.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and the sequence of the first threshold is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity and execution order.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long-term evolution (long time evolution, LTE) system, frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD) system , Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) Communication System, Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) System, Future 5G Communication System , and the communication system of the mixed networking.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • Future 5G Communication System Future 5G Communication System
  • the technical solution of the present application may include various application scenarios, for example, machine to machine (M2M), device to machine (device to machine, D2M), device to device (device to device, D2D), macro-micro communication , Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communication (uRLLC), and Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) and other scenarios.
  • M2M machine to machine
  • D2M device to machine
  • D2D device to device
  • macro-micro communication eMBB
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • uRLLC Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communication
  • mMTC Massive Machine Type Communication
  • the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system includes a first base station and a second base station. Both the first base station and the second base station manage a plurality of cells (cells).
  • One or more user equipments can be accessed, and information exchange can be performed between the first base station and the second base station through the Xn interface.
  • the first base station or the second base station may be an access point (access point, AP) in a WLAN, an evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a relay station or an access point, and a future 5G network
  • the network equipment in the PLMN network or the access network equipment in the future evolved PLMN network may include cells at different frequencies, and the coverage areas of the multiple cells may be the same or different.
  • the cell managed by each base station may belong to either a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell, where the small cell may include: metro cell, micro cell, micro cell
  • the cells managed by the first base station include A1 and A2
  • the cells managed by the second base station include B1 and B2 as an example for description.
  • the UE in each cell may be a device with wireless communication function, and the UE may be deployed on land, including indoor, outdoor, handheld or vehicle mounted UEs. It can also be deployed on water (eg, ships, etc.). It can also be deployed in the air (eg on airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.).
  • the UE may also be referred to as a terminal, a mobile station (mobile station, MS), a mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT) or a terminal device, etc., and may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user.
  • the UE may include: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.) , in-vehicle equipment (eg, cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed rail, etc.), virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) equipment, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) equipment, industrial control (industrial control) wireless terminals, smart home equipment (such as refrigerators, TVs, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery , wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, or wireless terminal in smart home, flying equipment (such as , intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc.
  • a chip deployed in the above-mentioned a chip deployed in the above-ment
  • the communication system may further include a core network, and the first base station and the second base station may be connected to the core network.
  • the core network may be a 4G core network (for example, an evolved packet core (EPC)) or a 5G core network (5G Core, 5GC), or a core network in various future communication systems.
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • 5G Core 5G Core
  • the first base station and the second base station may be evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB or eNodeB) in the 4G system, and the eNB accesses the EPC network through the S1 interface.
  • the first base station and the second base station may be the next generation node B (gNB) in the NR system, and the gNB accesses the 5G core network through the NG interface.
  • the core network may include multiple network elements, for example, the multiple network elements may include an access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) network element, a session management function (session management function, SMF) ) network element and user plane function (user plane function, UPF) network element, etc., only the AMF network element is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • both the first base station and the second base station may acquire load information of each cell in the multiple cells they manage, for example, the load information may be the number of active users in each cell or other load-related information Etc., the number of activated users in a cell can refer to the number of user equipments accessing the cell, or it can be understood as the number of user equipments allocated resources in the cell.
  • the first base station and the second base station can interact with the Xn interface. load information.
  • the first base station and the second base station can also transfer users in one of their respective cells to other cells by means of load balancing, and the other cells can be different cells of the same base station or cells of different base stations.
  • the load information may be the number of active users in each cell or other load-related information Etc.
  • the number of activated users in a cell can refer to the number of user equipments accessing the cell, or it can be understood as the number of user equipments allocated resources in the cell.
  • the first base station and the second base station can interact with the Xn interface
  • the first base station and the second base station exchange the load of cell A1 and cell B2 through the Xn interface Information is used as an example to illustrate.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for inter-cell load balancing provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the method includes the following steps.
  • the first base station acquires load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell, where the load information is related to the number of activated users and cell resource parameters, where the cell resource parameters include downlink spectrum efficiency.
  • the cells managed by the first base station may include multiple cells, and the first cell may be any cell in the cells managed by the first base station. At least one cell adjacent to the first cell may include one or more cells other than the first cell managed by the first base station; or, the at least one cell may include one or more cells managed by the second base station; or, the The at least one cell may simultaneously include one or more cells other than the first cell managed by the first base station, and one or more cells managed by the second base station.
  • the load information is related to the number of activated users and cell resource parameters, and it can be understood that the load information is obtained according to the number of activated users and cell resource parameters.
  • the number of activated users in a cell may refer to the number of user equipments accessed in the cell, and may also be understood as the number of user equipments to which resources are allocated in the cell.
  • the downlink spectrum efficiency of a cell may refer to the utilization efficiency of the downlink spectrum resources of the cell.
  • the downlink spectrum resources may include spectrum resources, and the spectrum resources may be distributed in different space resources. For example, different space resources correspond to the same or different space resources. spectrum resources.
  • the downlink spectral efficiency may satisfy the following formula (1).
  • Q represents the throughput rate of the cell
  • M represents the actual number of PRBs used in the cell
  • N represents the number N of subcarriers included in each PRB.
  • the throughput rate Q of the cell may specifically refer to the throughput rate of the media access control (media access control, MAC) layer of the cell, and the actual number M of PRBs used in the cell may specifically refer to the MAC layer.
  • the above-mentioned formula (1) satisfied by the downlink spectral efficiency is only exemplary.
  • the formula satisfied by the downlink spectral efficiency may also be a modified formula based on the formula (1),
  • the right side of the formula (1) is divided by a numerical value or a numerical value is added, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first base station can directly acquire the number of activated users and cell resource parameters of the first cell, and determine the first cell according to the number of activated users and cell resource parameters of the first cell load information.
  • the first base station may also directly acquire the load information of each cell in the one or more cells.
  • the first base station may acquire load information of each cell in the one or more cells from the second base station.
  • the at least one cell includes a second cell managed by the second base station, and the first base station may send request information to the second base station through an interface between base stations (for example, an X2 interface), where the request information is used to request the load of the second cell information, the second base station can send the load information of the second cell to the first base station through the interface when receiving the request information.
  • the second base station may determine the load information of the second cell according to the number of activated users of the second cell and the cell resource parameters, and then send the load information to the first base station, or may send the load information of the second cell to the number of activated users of the second cell and the cell resource parameters. It is sent to the first base station, and the first base station determines the load information of the second cell according to the number of activated users of the second cell and cell resource parameters.
  • the first base station periodically acquires the load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell.
  • the acquisition period may be T seconds, that is, the first base station may acquire the load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell every T seconds.
  • T may be a positive integer, for example, T is 30 seconds, 80 seconds, or 120 seconds, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first base station may also acquire load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell aperiodically, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the at least one cell according to the first cell and the load information of the at least one cell.
  • the load information of the first cell may be the first parameter ratio
  • the load information of each cell in the at least one cell may be the second parameter ratio
  • the first base station may transfer one or more user equipments in the first cell to the at least one cell according to the first parameter ratio and the at least one second parameter ratio.
  • the first parameter ratio here may be the ratio of the number of activated users in the first cell to the cell resource parameters of the first cell
  • each second parameter ratio in the at least one second parameter ratio may be the ratio of one cell in the at least one cell. The ratio of the number of active users to the cell resource parameter of the cell.
  • the cell resource parameter includes downlink spectral efficiency, and it is assumed that the number of activated users in the first cell is P1, and the downlink spectral efficiency of the first cell is ⁇ 1, the at least one cell includes m cells, and the first cell in the m cells. i (i ranges from 1 to m, where m is a positive integer) the number of activated users of the cells is P2 i , and the downlink spectral efficiency of the i-th cell is ⁇ 2 i , then the first parameter ratio can be P1/ ⁇ 1,
  • the at least one second parameter ratio may include P2 1 / ⁇ 2 1 to P2 m / ⁇ 2 m .
  • the cell resource parameter may also include at least one of the following: system bandwidth and downlink subframe ratio. That is, the cell resource parameter may include, in addition to the downlink spectral efficiency, the system bandwidth, or the ratio of downlink subframes, or both the system bandwidth and the ratio of downlink subframes.
  • the first parameter ratio is specifically the ratio of the number of activated users in the first cell to the first product
  • the first product is the downlink spectral efficiency included in the cell resource parameter of the first cell.
  • the product of one or more of the system bandwidth and downlink subframe ratio is specifically the ratio of the number of activated users in one cell in the at least one cell and the second product of the cell, where the second product is the downlink included in the cell resource parameter of the cell.
  • the parameter ratio W of this cell can satisfy formula (2), That is, the parameter ratio of the cell is specifically: the ratio of the number of activated users P in the cell to a product, and the product is the ratio of the system bandwidth B of the cell, the downlink subframe ratio ⁇ of the cell, and the downlink spectral efficiency ⁇ of the cell. product.
  • the formula satisfied by the parameter ratio of a cell listed above is only exemplary, and in practical applications, the formula satisfied by the parameter ratio of a cell can also be a modified formula based on formula (2), For example, the right side of formula (2) is divided by a numerical value, multiplied by a numerical value, or added by a numerical value, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • S202 may specifically include S202A to S202C. That is, the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the at least one cell according to the first parameter ratio and the at least one second parameter ratio, which may include: S202A.
  • the first base station determines When the ratio of the first parameter is greater than the first threshold, the first base station triggers the load balancing of the first cell, that is, the first base station starts the load balancing of the first cell; S202B.
  • the first base station according to the at least one second parameter ratio, selects the load balancing from the at least one second parameter ratio.
  • a cell with a second parameter ratio smaller than a second threshold is selected as a target cell in one cell, and the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold; S202C.
  • the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the target cell.
  • S202A and S202B can also be understood as, when the first base station determines that the first parameter ratio is greater than the first threshold, the first base station selects the second parameter ratio from the at least one cell according to the at least one second parameter ratio.
  • a cell smaller than the second threshold is a target cell.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold may be set in advance, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the specific values of the first threshold and the second threshold may be set by those skilled in the art according to experience or actual conditions or needs, This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. It can be understood that when the ratio of the first parameter of the first cell is greater than the first threshold, it may indicate that the load of the first cell is heavier, and the utilization rate of the frequency domain resources and space resources of the first cell is high; When the second parameter ratio of a certain cell is smaller than the second threshold, it may indicate that the load of the cell is light, and the utilization rate of the frequency domain resources and space resources of the cell is low.
  • the first base station when the first base station selects a cell whose second parameter ratio is less than the second threshold from the at least one cell according to the at least one second parameter ratio as the target cell, if the at least one second parameter ratio is If there are at least two second parameter ratios smaller than the second threshold, the first base station may determine the cell corresponding to the smallest second parameter ratio among the at least two second parameter ratios as the target cell. Further, when the first base station selects the target cell, the signal quality reported by one or more users in the first cell may also be combined, that is, the ratio of the second parameter in the at least one cell selected by the first base station is less than the second threshold. After the selected cell, it is also possible to determine whether the signal quality of the selected cell meets the signal quality reported by the one or more users, and determine the cell that meets the signal quality reported by the one or more users as the target cell.
  • the first base station when the first base station transfers one or more user equipments in the first cell to the target cell, the first base station can transfer the one or more user equipments to the target cell in the following two ways , the two methods are described below.
  • the first base station hands over the one or more user equipments to the target cell.
  • the first base station may allocate air interface resources for the one or more user equipments in the target cell, and handover the one or more user equipments to the target after allocating the air interface resources cell;
  • the target cell is a cell managed by the second base station, the first base station may send a handover request to the second base station, and the second base station may allocate air interface resources for the one or more user equipments, and send a handover request to the first base station After responding, the first base station may hand over the one or more user equipments to the target cell.
  • the first base station releases the one or more user equipments in an idle state, and sends frequency priority information to the one or more user equipments when the idle state is released, and the frequency priority information is used to indicate The priority of the target frequency point is the highest, and the one or more user equipments are instructed to enter the target cell through cell reselection according to the priority of the frequency point, so as to transfer the one or more user equipments to the target cell.
  • the first base station may further select the one or more user equipments from the multiple user equipments accessing the first cell user equipment.
  • the first base station may be randomly selected from multiple user equipments accessing the first cell, or may select user equipments that meet certain conditions.
  • the one or more user equipments may include at least one of the following user equipments: user equipments with a service resource ratio greater than a preset ratio, edge user equipments, and user equipments with a priority greater than a preset priority.
  • the proportion of service resources of a user equipment may refer to the proportion of resources occupied by the services of the user equipment in the actually used resources of the cell where the user equipment is located; the edge user equipment may refer to the coverage edge of the first cell. User equipment; the priority of the user equipment may specifically refer to the priority of scheduling.
  • the first base station may return to S201 to continue the execution.
  • the method may specifically include: S1.
  • the first base station periodically acquires load information of the first cell, where the load information is related to the number of activated users and cell resource parameters; S2. Judging the ratio of the first parameter (ie, Whether the ratio of the number of activated users of the first cell to the cell resource parameters of the first cell) is greater than the first threshold to determine whether to trigger the load balancing of the first cell; That is, no), then return to S1 without triggering; S3.
  • the first base station selects one or more user equipments from multiple user equipments accessing the first cell; S4.
  • Determine the candidate target cell that is, obtain the adjacent first cell load information of at least one cell, and determine whether at least one second parameter ratio (that is, the ratio of the number of activated users in each cell in at least one cell to the cell resource parameter of the cell) has a second parameter ratio that is smaller than the second threshold, If there is a second parameter ratio smaller than the second threshold (that is, a cell with a second parameter ratio smaller than the second threshold is a candidate target cell), continue to execute S5, if not (ie no) less than the first The second parameter ratio of the two thresholds, then return to S1; S5.
  • at least one second parameter ratio that is, the ratio of the number of activated users in each cell in at least one cell to the cell resource parameter of the cell
  • the target cell from the candidate target cells according to the signal quality reported by the user equipment, that is, the first base station determines the signal quality of the cell whose second parameter ratio is less than the second threshold Whether the signal quality reported by one or more user equipments selected in S3 is satisfied, if it is satisfied (that is, yes), then continue to perform S6 (the satisfied cell is the existence of the target cell), if it is not satisfied (that is, no), return to S1; S6. Transfer the one or more user equipments to the target cell.
  • FIG. 4 only takes S3 before S4 as an example for description, which does not limit the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first base station may acquire load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell, where the load information is related to the number of user activations and cell resource parameters, and the number of user activations may be used to reflect
  • the load level of the cell, the downlink frequency efficiency included in the cell resource parameter can be used to reflect the use of the frequency domain resources and space resources of the cell, so that the first base station can be based on the load information of the first cell and the load information of at least one cell.
  • transfer part of the load of the first cell to a cell with less load and less use of frequency domain resources and space resources in the at least one cell and then reasonably deploy the cell load in different cells to realize the frequency domain of different cells.
  • the first base station can comprehensively consider the impact of different parameters on the cell load, frequency domain resources and space resources when implementing load balancing, so that the User equipment is reasonably deployed between different frequency points to maximize spectrum efficiency and improve network resource utilization and network performance.
  • the relevant thresholds (such as the first threshold and the second threshold) when the first base station implements load balancing may be the same for different cells, that is, the relevant thresholds can be uniformly configured, thereby greatly reducing the configuration and cost of the network operation and maintenance department. Optimize workload.
  • the first base station includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware, software or a combination of hardware and machine software with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the device for inter-cell load balancing may be divided into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, or can be implemented in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that, the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division manners in actual implementation. The following description will be given by taking as an example that each function module is divided corresponding to each function.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inter-cell load balancing involved in the foregoing embodiment, and the apparatus can implement the function of the first base station in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be a first base station or a device that can support the first base station to implement the function of the first base station in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the device is a chip system applied in the first base station.
  • the apparatus includes: an acquisition unit 301 and a transfer unit 302 .
  • the obtaining unit 301 may be configured to support the apparatus to perform the steps of S201 in the above method embodiments, or the steps of obtaining load information of at least one cell in S1 and S4; the transfer unit 302 may be configured to support the apparatus to perform the steps of the above method embodiments S202 or S202C.
  • the apparatus may further include: a trigger unit 303 and a selection unit 304; wherein the trigger unit 303 is used to support the apparatus to perform S202A or S2 in the above method embodiments, and the selection unit 304 is used to support the apparatus to perform the above method implementations In the example, S202B, or S3 to S5.
  • the trigger unit 303 and the selection unit 304 may also be integrated into a determination unit. All relevant contents of the steps involved in the foregoing method embodiments can be cited in the functional descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, which will not be repeated here.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the obtaining unit 301 in this embodiment of the present application may be a circuit, a device, an interface, a bus, a software module, a transceiver, or any other device that can implement communication.
  • the acquisition unit 301 and the transfer unit 302 may be the first base station or a communication interface applied to a chip system in the first base station, for example, the communication interface may be a transceiver circuit, and the trigger unit 303 and the selection unit 304 may be integrated on the first base station or a processor applied to the chip system in the first base station.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a possible logical structure of the apparatus for inter-cell load balancing involved in the above embodiment, and the apparatus can implement the function of the first base station in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus may be a first base station or a chip system applied in the first base station, and the apparatus includes: a processor 402 and a communication interface 403 .
  • the processor 402 is configured to control and manage the actions of the device, for example, the processor 402 is configured to execute the steps of message or data processing on the device side.
  • the apparatus is supported to perform S202A to S202B, or S2 to S5 in the above method embodiments, and/or other processes for the techniques described herein.
  • the communication interface 403 is configured to support the apparatus to perform the steps of S201 in the foregoing method embodiments, or the steps of acquiring load information of at least one cell in S1 and S3.
  • the apparatus may further include a memory 401 for storing program codes and data of the apparatus.
  • the processor 402 may be a processor or a controller, such as a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the disclosure of the embodiments of this application.
  • a processor may also be a combination that performs computing functions, such as a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and the like.
  • the communication interface 403 may be a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a communication interface, or the like.
  • the memory 401 may be a high-speed random access memory or a non-volatile memory or the like.
  • the communication interface 403, the processor 402 and the memory 401 are connected to each other through a bus 404; the bus 404 may be a PCI bus or an EISA bus or the like.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 6, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory 401 is used to store the program codes and data of the device.
  • the communication interface 403 is used for supporting the apparatus to communicate with other devices, and the processor 402 is used for enabling the apparatus to execute the program code stored in the memory 401 to implement the steps in the method provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • memory 401 may be included in processor 402 .
  • the apparatus may acquire load information of the first cell and at least one cell adjacent to the first cell, where the load information is related to the number of user activations and cell resource parameters, and the number of user activations may be used to reflect the cell
  • the downlink frequency efficiency included in the cell resource parameter can be used to reflect the usage of frequency domain resources and space resources of the cell, so that the device can, according to the load information of the first cell and the load information of at least one cell, convert the Part of the load of the first cell is transferred to a cell with less load and less use of frequency domain resources and space resources in the at least one cell, and then the cell load is reasonably deployed in different cells, so that the frequency domain resources of different cells can be combined with each other. Efficient utilization of space resources and maximization of spectral efficiency.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, network appliance, or other programmable apparatus.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrated.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, SSDs), and the like.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer can execute the operation of the terminal in the foregoing method embodiments. one or more steps.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute one or more steps of the terminal in the foregoing method embodiments.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种小区间负载均衡的方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，用于将小区负载合理地部署在不同的小区中，实现不同小区的频域资源和空间资源的有效利用。所述方法包括：获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，一个小区的负载信息与该小区的激活用户数和该小区的小区资源参数有关，该用户激活数可以用于反映小区的负载程度，该小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率可用于反映小区的频域资源和空间资源的使用情况，从而第一基站可以根据第一小区的负载信息、以及至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区的部分负载转移至该至少一个小区中负载少、且频域资源和空间资源使用少的小区中。

Description

一种小区间负载均衡的方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种小区间负载均衡的方法及装置。
背景技术
随着通信技术的快速发展、以及网络用户的数据急剧增长，网络容量成为影响用户体验的重要因素之一。同时，各种网络应用层出不穷，比如手机购物、在线游戏、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)及视频直播业务等，这些网络应用对网络的运行环境和性能的要求也越来越高。但是，在多频点组网中，比如，在新无线(new radio，NR)频分双工(frequency division duplexing，FDD)和时分双工(time division duplexing，TDD)混合组网中，通常由于频点间带宽差异大、频点覆盖范围不一致等问题会造成网络中的频点负载呈现不均衡分布，因此需通过负载均衡来提高网络资源利用率，以提高网络性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种小区间负载均衡的方法及装置，用于将小区负载合理地部署在不同的小区中，实现不同小区的频域资源和空间资源的有效利用。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种小区间负载均衡的方法，该方法包括：第一基站获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，一个小区的负载信息与该小区的激活用户数和该小区的小区资源参数有关，该小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率，一个小区的激活用户数可以是指接入该小区的用户设备的数量，该至少一个小区包括第一基站管理的除第一小区之外一个或者多个小区，和/或第二基站管理的一个或者多个小区；第一基站根据第一小区和至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中。
上述技术方案中，第一基站可以获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，该负载信息与激活用户数和小区资源参数有关，该用户激活数可以用于反映小区的负载程度，该小区资源参数包括的下行频率效率可以用于反映小区的频域资源和空间资源的使用情况，从而第一基站可以根据第一小区的负载信息、以及至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区的部分负载转移至该至少一个小区中负载少、且频域资源和空间资源使用少的小区中，进而将小区负载合理地部署在不同的小区中，实现不同小区的频域资源和空间资源的有效利用，以及频谱效率的最大化。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，一个小区的下行频谱效率η满足公式：η＝Q/(M×N)；式中，Q表示该小区的吞吐率，M表示该小区的实际使用PRB数量，N表示每个PRB包括的子载波数量N；可选的，该小区的吞吐率Q具体可以是指该小区的MAC层的吞吐率，该小区的实际使用PRB数量M具体可以是指该MAC层的吞吐率的统计周期内该小区实际使用的PRB数量。上述可能的实现方式中，提供了一种简单有效的确定一个小区的下行频谱效率的方式。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该负载信息为参数比值，第一基站根据第一小区和至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中，包括：第一基站根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中；其中，第一参数比值为第一小区的激活用户数与第一小区的小区资源参数的比值，至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为至少一个小区中一个小区的激活用户数与该小区的小区资源参数的比值。上述可能的实现方式中，一个小区的负载信息为该小区的激活用户数与该小区的小区资源参数的比值，即该负载信息为每资源参数上承载的激活用户数，从而不同的小区的负载轻重、资源使用情况的多少等情况，均可通过该小区的参数比值来间接反映，从而基于该参数比值实现负载均衡时，可以实现小区负载的合理部署，同时还可以降低负载信息的比特数。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该小区资源参数还包括以下至少一项：系统带宽、下行子帧占比；第一参数比值为第一小区的激活用户数与第一乘积的比值，第一乘积为第一小区的小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积；至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为至少一个小区中一个小区的激活用户数与该小区的第二乘积的比值，第二乘积为该小区的小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积。上述可能的实现方式中，上述可能的实现方式中，当该小区资源参数还包括系统带宽和/或下行子帧占比时，第一基站可以在实现负载均衡时可以综合考虑不同参数对于小区负载、频域资源和空间资源的影响，从而可以将用户设备在不同频点间进行合理部署，实现频谱效率的最大化，以提高网络资源利用率和网络性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，第一基站根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中，包括：当第一基站确定第一参数比值大于第一阈值时，第一基站根据至少一个第二参数比值，确定至少一个小区中第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区，第二阈值小于第一阈值；第一基站将第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中。上述可能的实现方式中，第一基站在实现负载均衡时的相关门限(比如第一阈值和第二阈值)对于不同小区可以是相同的，即该相关门限可以统一配置，从而大大降低了网络运维部门的配置和优化工作量。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，若该至少一个第二参数比值中存在至少两个第二参数比值小于第二阈值，则第一基站可以将这至少两个第二参数比值中最小的第二参数比值对应的小区确定为目标小区；进一步的，当第一基站选择目标小区时，还可以结合第一小区中的一个或者多个用户上报的信号质量，即第一基站在选择该至少一个小区中的第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区后，还可以确定选择的小区的信号质量是否满足这一个或者多个用户上报的信号质量，并将满足这一个或者多个用户上报的信号质量的小区确定为目标小区。上述可能的实现方式，可以进一步提高这一个或者多个用户设备切换的通信质量，从而提高用户体验。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，第一基站将第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中，包括：第一基站将这一个或者多个用户设备切换至目标小区 中；或者，第一基站将这一个或者多个用户设备进行空闲态释放，并在空闲态释放时向这一个或者多个用户设备发送频点优先级信息，该频点优先级信息用于指示目标频点的优先级为最高，并指示这一个或者多个用户设备根据频点优先级通过小区重选进入目标小区，以将这一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中。上述可能的实现方式，可以提高第一基站将第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中的灵活性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，当至少一个小区包括第二基站管理的第二小区时，第一基站获取第二小区的负载信息，包括：第一基站从第二基站获取第二小区的负载信息。可选的，第一基站从第二基站获取第二小区的负载信息，包括：第一基站通过基站之间的接口(例如X2接口)向第二基站发送请求信息，该请求信息用于请求第二小区的负载信息；第一基站通过该接口接收来自第二基站的第二小区的负载信息。上述可能的实现方式中，第一基站可以通过基站之间的接口从第二基站获取第二小区的负载信息，该负载信息可以为参数比值，从而可以提高基站间信息交互的多样性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备包括以下至少一种用户设备：业务资源占比大于预设占比的用户设备，处于第一小区的覆盖边缘的用户设备，优先级高于预设优先级的用户设备。上述可能的实现方式中，可以根据不同用户设备的使用情况，将上述几种用户设备转移至目标小区，从而保证这几种用户设备的通信质量，提高用户体验。
第二方面，提供一种小区间负载均衡的装置，其特征在于，该装置为第一基站或者第一基站中的芯片，包括：获取单元，用于获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，一个小区的负载信息与该小区的激活用户数和该小区的小区资源参数有关，小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率；转移单元，用于根据第一小区和至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，一个小区的下行频谱效率η满足公式：η＝Q/(M×N)；式中，Q表示小区的吞吐率，M表示小区的实际使用PRB数量，N表示每个PRB包括的子载波数量N。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，负载信息为参数比值，转移单元还用于：根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中；其中，第一参数比值为第一小区的激活用户数与第一小区的小区资源参数的比值，至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为至少一个小区中一个小区的激活用户数与小区的小区资源参数的比值。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该小区资源参数还包括以下至少一项：系统带宽、下行子帧占比；第一参数比值为第一小区的激活用户数与第一乘积的比值，第一乘积为第一小区的小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积；至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值具体为至少一个小区中一个小区的激活用户数与该小区的第二乘积的比值，第二乘积为该小区的小区资源参数包括的，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括：确定单元，用于当第一基 站确定第一参数比值大于第一阈值时，根据至少一个第二参数比值确定至少一个小区中选择第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区，第二阈值小于第一阈值；转移单元，还用于将第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该至少一个小区包括：第一基站管理的除第一小区之外一个或者多个小区；和/或，第二基站管理的一个或者多个小区。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，当至少一个小区包括第二基站管理的第二小区时，获取单元还用于：从第二基站获取第二小区的负载信息。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备包括以下至少一种用户设备：业务资源占比大于预设占比的用户设备，处于第一小区的覆盖边缘的用户设备，优先级高于预设优先级的用户设备。
第三方面，提供一种小区间负载均衡的装置，该装置为第一基站或者第一基站中的芯片，包括：处理器和通信接口，该处理器被配置为通过该通信接口执行如第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式所提供的小区间负载均衡的方法。
第四方面，提供一种可读存储介质，该可读存储介质中存储有指令，当可读存储介质在设备上运行时，使得设备执行如第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式所提供的小区间负载均衡的方法。
第五方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式所提供的小区间负载均衡的方法。
可以理解地，上述提供的任一种小区间负载均衡的方法的装置、计算机存储介质或者计算机程序产品均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
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图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种小区间负载均衡的方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种小区间负载均衡的方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种小区间负载均衡的方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种小区间负载均衡的装置的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种小区间负载均衡的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。另外，本申请实施例采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。例如，第一阈值和第二阈值仅仅是为了区分不同的阈值，并不对其先后顺序进行限定。本领域 技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定。
需要说明的是，本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本申请的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long time evolution，LTE)系统、频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)系统、未来的5G通信系统、以及混合组网的通信系统等。本申请的技术方案可以包括多种应用场景，例如，机器对机器(machine to machine，M2M)、设备对机器(device to machine，D2M)、设备对设备(device to device，D2D)、宏微通信、增强型移动互联网(enhance mobile broadband，eMBB)、超高可靠性与超低时延通信(ultra reliable & low latency communication，uRLLC)以及海量物联网通信(massive machine type communication，mMTC)等场景。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图，该通信系统包括第一基站和第二基站，第一基站和第二基站均管理有多个小区(cell)，每个小区中可以接入有一个或者多个用户设备(user equipment，UE)，第一基站与第二基站之间可以通过Xn接口进行信息交互。
其中，第一基站或第二基站可以为WLAN中的接入点(access point，AP)，LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolved node B，eNB或eNodeB)，中继站或接入点，未来5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的接入网设备等。每个基站管理的多个小区可以包括不同频点的小区，这多个小区的覆盖范围可以相同或不同。另外，每个基站管理的小区可以是可以属于宏基站，也可以属于小小区(small cell)对应的基站，这里的小小区可以包括：城市小区(metro cell)、微小区(micro cell)、微微小区(pico cell)、毫微微小区(femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围小和发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。在图1中，以第一基站管理的小区包括A1和A2、第二基站管理的小区包括B1和B2为例进行说明。
另外，每个小区中的UE可以是一种具有无线通信功能的设备，该UE可以部署在陆地上，包括室内、室外、手持或车载的UE。也可以部署在水面上(例如轮船等)。还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。该UE又可以称之为终端、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)或者终端设备等，可以是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，该UE可以包括：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device， MID)、可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等)、车载设备(例如，汽车、自行车、电动车、飞机、船舶、火车、高铁等)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、智能家居设备(例如，冰箱、电视、空调、电表等)、智能机器人、车间设备、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、飞行设备(例如，智能机器人、热气球、无人机、飞机)等。在本申请中，为了便于叙述，部署在上述设备中的芯片，例如片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)、基带芯片等，或者其他具备通信功能的芯片也可以称为UE。
进一步的，该通信系统还可以包括核心网，第一基站和第二基站可以与核心网连接。该核心网可以是4G核心网(例如，核心分组网演进(evolved packet core，EPC))或者5G核心网(5G Core，5GC)、或未来的各种通信系统中的核心网。以该核心网为4G核心网为例，第一基站和第二基站可以为4G系统中的演进型基站(evolved node B，eNB或eNodeB)，eNB通过S1接口接入EPC网。以该核心网为5G核心网为例，第一基站和第二基站可以为NR系统中的下一代节点B(the next generation node B，gNB)，gNB通过NG接口接入5G核心网。其中，该核心网中可以包括多个网元，比如，该多个网元可以包括接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元和用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元等，图1中仅示出了AMF网元。
在本申请中，第一基站和第二基站均可以获取各自管理的多个小区中每个小区的负载信息，比如，该负载信息可以是每个小区内的激活用户数或者其他负载相关的信息等，一个小区的激活用户数可以是指接入该小区的用户设备的数量，也可以理解为小区中分配有资源的用户设备的数量，第一基站与第二基站可以通过该Xn接口交互该负载信息。此外，第一基站和第二基站还可以将各自某一小区中的用户通过负载均衡的方式转移至其他小区，该其他小区可以是同一基站的不同小区，也可以是不同基站的小区。图1中以第一基站的小区A1内的激活用户数为5，第二基站的小区B2内的激活用户数为2，第一基站与第二基站通过Xn接口交互小区A1和小区B2的负载信息为例进行举例说明。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种小区间负载均衡的方法的流程示意图，该方法可应用于图1所示的通信系统中。参见图2，该方法包括以下几个步骤。
S201：第一基站获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，该负载信息与激活用户数和小区资源参数有关，该小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率。
其中，第一基站管理的小区可以包括多个，第一小区可以是第一基站管理的小区中的任一小区。第一小区相邻的至少一个小区可以包括第一基站管理的除第一小区之外一个或者多个小区；或者，该至少一个小区可以包括第二基站管理的一个或者多个小区；或者，该至少一个小区可以同时包括第一基站管理的除第一小区之外一个或者多个小区、以及第二基站管理的一个或者多个小区。
该负载信息与激活用户数和小区资源参数有关，可以理解为，该负载信息是根据 激活用户数和小区资源参数得到的。
另外，一个小区的激活用户数可以是指该小区中接入的用户设备的数量，也可以理解为该小区中分配有资源的用户设备的数量。一个小区的下行频谱效率可以是指对该小区的下行频谱资源的利用效率，该下行频谱资源可以包括频谱资源，该频谱资源可以分布在不同的空间资源中，比如，不同空间资源对应相同或不同的频谱资源。该下行频谱效率具体可以η满足如下公式(1)。式中，Q表示该小区的吞吐率，M表示该小区的实际使用PRB数量，N表示每个PRB包括的子载波数量N。
η＝Q/(M×N)     (1)
在一种示例中，该小区的吞吐率Q具体可以是指该小区的媒体介入控制(media access control，MAC)层的吞吐率，该小区的实际使用PRB数量M具体可以是指该MAC层的吞吐率的统计周期内该小区实际使用的PRB数量。
需要说明的是，上述列举的该下行频谱效率所满足的公式(1)仅为示例性的，在实际应用中，该下行频谱效率所满足的公式也可以为基于公式(1)的变形公式，比如，将公式(1)的右边除以一个数值或者加上一个数值等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。
具体的，第一小区为第一基站管理的小区，则第一基站可以直接获取第一小区的激活用户数和小区资源参数，并根据第一小区的激活用户数和小区资源参数确定第一小区的负载信息。当第一小区相邻的至少一个小区中存在第一基站管理的一个或者多个小区时，第一基站也可以直接获取到该一个或者多个小区中每个小区的负载信息。当第一小区相邻的至少一个小区中存在第二基站管理的一个或者多个小区时，第一基站可以从第二基站获取该一个或者多个小区中每个小区的负载信息。比如，该至少一个小区包括第二基站管理的第二小区，第一基站可以通过基站之间的接口(例如X2接口)向第二基站发送请求信息，该请求信息用于请求第二小区的负载信息，则第二基站在接收到该请求信息时可以通过该接口向第一基站发送第二小区的负载信息。其中，第二基站可以根据第二小区的激活用户数和小区资源参数确定第二小区的负载信息后，将该负载信息发送第一基站，也可以将第二小区的激活用户数和小区资源参数发送给第一基站，由第一基站根据第二小区的激活用户数和小区资源参数确定第二小区的负载信息。
可选的，第一基站周期性地获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息。比如，获取的周期可以为T秒，即第一基站可以每隔T秒获取一次第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息。需要说明的是，T的取值可以为正整数，比如T为30秒、80秒或者120秒等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。在实际应用中，第一基站也可以非周期性地获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。
S202：第一基站根据第一小区和至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中。
其中，第一小区的负载信息可以为第一参数比值，至少一个小区中每个小区的负载信息可以为第二参数比值。第一基站可以根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中。这里的第一参 数比值可以为第一小区的激活用户数与第一小区的小区资源参数的比值，至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值可以为该至少一个小区中一个小区的激活用户数与该小区的小区资源参数的比值。
示例性的，该小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率，假设第一小区的激活用户数为P1、第一小区的下行频谱效率为η1，该至少一个小区包括m个小区，这m个小区中的第i(i的取值范围为1至m，m为正整数)个小区的激活用户数为P2 i、第i个小区的下行频谱效率为η2 i，则第一参数比值可以为P1/η1，至少一个第二参数比值可以包括P2 1/η2 1至P2 m/η2 m。
进一步的，该小区资源参数除了包括下行频谱效率，还可以包括以下至少一项：系统带宽、下行子帧占比。即该小区资源参数除了包括下行频谱效率，还可以包括系统带宽，或者还包括下行子帧占比，或者还同时包括系统带宽和下行子帧占比。
相应的，当该小区资源参数包括多个参数时，第一参数比值具体为第一小区的激活用户数与第一乘积的比值，第一乘积为第一小区的小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率、与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积。至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值具体为该至少一个小区中一个小区的激活用户数与该小区的第二乘积的比值，第二乘积为该小区的小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率、与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积。
示例性的，以一个小区的激活用户数为P，假设该小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率η、系统带宽B和下行子帧占比α，则该小区的参数比值W可以满足公式(2)，即该小区的参数比值具体为：该小区的激活用户数P与一个乘积的比值，该乘积为该小区的系统带宽B、该小区的下行子帧占比α和该小区的下行频谱效率η的乘积。
W＝P/(B×α×η)     (2)
需要说明的是，上文中列举的一个小区的参数比值所满足的公式仅为示例性的，在实际应用中，一个小区的参数比值所满足的公式也可以为基于公式(2)的变形公式，比如，将公式(2)的右边除以一个数值、乘以一个数或者加上一个数值等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。
在一种可能的实施例中，如图3所示，S202具体可以包括S202A至S202C。也即是，第一基站根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至该至少一个小区中，可以包括：S202A.当第一基站确定第一参数比值大于第一阈值时，第一基站触发第一小区的负载均衡，即第一基站启动第一小区的负载均衡；S202B.第一基站根据该至少一个第二参数比值，从该至少一个小区中选择第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区，第二阈值小于第一阈值；S202C.第一基站将第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中。
可选的，S202A和S202B也可以理解为，当第一基站确定第一参数比值大于第一阈值时，第一基站根据该至少一个第二参数比值，从该至少一个小区中选择第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区。
其中，第一阈值和第二阈值可以是事先设置的，且第一阈值大于第二阈值，第一阈值和第二阈值的具体数值可以由本领域技术人员可以根据经验或者实际情况或需求进行设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。可以理解的是，当第一小区的第一参数 比值大于第一阈值时可以表示第一小区的负载较重、且第一小区的频域资源和空间资源的使用率高；当至少一个小区中某个小区的第二参数比值小于第二阈值时可以表示该小区的负载较轻、且该小区的频域资源和空间资源的使用率低。
具体的，在S202B中，当第一基站根据该至少一个第二参数比值，从该至少一个小区中选择第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区时，若该至少一个第二参数比值中存在至少两个第二参数比值小于第二阈值，则第一基站可以将这至少两个第二参数比值中最小的第二参数比值对应的小区确定为目标小区。进一步的，当第一基站选择目标小区时，还可以结合第一小区中的一个或者多个用户上报的信号质量，即第一基站在选择该至少一个小区中的第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区后，还可以确定选择的小区的信号质量是否满足这一个或者多个用户上报的信号质量，并将满足这一个或者多个用户上报的信号质量的小区确定为目标小区。
具体的，在S202C中，当第一基站将第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中时，第一基站可以通过以下两种方式将这一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区，下面分别对这两种方式进行介绍说明。
第一种、第一基站将这一个或者多个用户设备切换至目标小区中。比如，当目标小区为第一基站管理的小区时，第一基站可以在目标小区为这一个或者多个用户设备分配空口资源，并在分配空口资源之后将这一个或者多个用户设备切换至目标小区；当目标小区为第二基站管理的小区时，第一基站可以向第二基站发送切换请求，第二基站可以为这一个或者多个用户设备分配空口资源，并向第一基站发送切换请求应答，之后，第一基站可以将这一个或者多个用户设备切换至目标小区。
第二种、第一基站将这一个或者多个用户设备进行空闲态释放，并在空闲态释放时向这一个或者多个用户设备发送频点优先级信息，该频点优先级信息用于指示目标频点的优先级为最高，并指示这一个或者多个用户设备根据频点优先级通过小区重选进入目标小区，以将这一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区中。
在一种可能的实施例中，在第一基站将这一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区之前，第一基站还可以从接入第一小区的多个用户设备中选择这一个或者多个用户设备。具体的，第一基站可以随机性地从接入第一小区的多个用户设备中选择，也可以选择满足一定条件的用户设备。示例性的，这一个或者多个用户设备可以包括以下用户设备中的至少一种：业务资源占比大于预设占比的用户设备，边缘用户设备，优先级大于预设优先级的用户设备。其中，一个用户设备的业务资源占比可以是指该用户设备的业务所占用的资源在其所在小区的实际使用资源中占有的比例；该边缘用户设备可以是指处于第一小区的覆盖边缘的用户设备；该用户设备的优先级具体可以是指调度的优先级。
需要说明的是，在上述过程中，若第一参数比值小于或等于第一阈值，或者该至少一个第二参数比值均小于或等于第二阈值，和/或根据该至少一个第二参数比值选择的小区的信号质量均小于该一个或者多个用户设备上报的信号质量，则第一基站可以返回S201继续执行。
为便于理解，下面以图4为例，对本申请实施例所提供的方法进行举例说明。如图4所示，该方法具体可以包括：S1.第一基站周期性地获取第一小区的负载信息， 该负载信息与激活用户数和小区资源参数有关；S2.判断第一参数比值(即第一小区的激活用户数与第一小区的小区资源参数的比值)是否大于第一阈值，以确定是否触发第一小区的负载均衡，若大于(即是)则触发继续执行S3，若小于(即否)则不触发返回S1；S3.第一基站从接入第一小区的多个用户设备中选择一个或者多个用户设备；S4.确定候选的目标小区，即获取第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，并判断至少一个第二参数比值(即至少一个小区中每个小区的激活用户数与该小区的小区资源参数的比值)是否存在小于第二阈值的第二参数比值，若存在(即是)小于第二阈值的第二参数比值(即小于第二阈值的第二参数比值的小区即为候选的目标小区)，则继续执行S5，若不存在(即否)小于第二阈值的第二参数比值，则返回S1；S5.根据用户设备上报的信号质量从候选的目标小区中选择目标小区，即第一基站判断小于第二阈值的第二参数比值的小区的信号质量是否满足S3中选择的一个或者多个用户设备上报的信号质量，若满足(即是)则继续执行S6(则满足的小区即为存在目标小区)，若不满足(即否)则返回S1；S6.将这一个或者多个用户设备转移至目标小区。
需要说明的是，上述S3与S4-S5可以不分先后顺序，图4中仅以S3位于S4之前为例进行说明，并不对本申请实施例构成限制。
在本申请实施例中，第一基站可以获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，该负载信息与用户激活数和小区资源参数有关，该用户激活数可以用于反映小区的负载程度，该小区资源参数包括的下行频率效率可以用于反映小区的频域资源和空间资源的使用情况，从而第一基站可以根据第一小区的负载信息、以及至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区的部分负载转移至该至少一个小区中负载少、且频域资源和空间资源使用少的小区中，进而将小区负载合理地部署在不同的小区中，实现不同小区的频域资源和空间资源的有效利用，以及频谱效率的最大化。进一步的，当该小区资源参数还包括系统带宽和下行子帧占比时，第一基站可以在实现负载均衡时可以综合考虑不同参数对于小区负载、频域资源和空间资源的影响，从而可以将用户设备在不同频点间进行合理部署，实现频谱效率的最大化，以提高网络资源利用率和网络性能。此外，第一基站在实现负载均衡时的相关门限(比如第一阈值和第二阈值)对于不同小区可以是相同的，即该相关门限可以统一配置，从而大大降低了网络运维部门的配置和优化工作量。
上述主要从第一基站整体的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，第一基站为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件、软件或硬件和机软件相结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对小区间负载均衡的装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件 功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。下面以采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块为例进行说明。
图5示出了上述实施例中所涉及的一种小区间负载均衡的装置的结构示意图，该装置可以实现本申请实施例提供的方法中第一基站的功能。该装置可以为第一基站或者为可以支持第一基站实现本申请实施例中第一基站的功能的装置，例如该装置为应用于第一基站中的芯片系统。该装置包括：获取单元301和转移单元302。其中，获取单元301可以用于支持该装置执行上述方法实施例中的S201、或者S1和S4中获取至少一个小区的负载信息的步骤；转移单元302可以用于支持该装置执行上述方法实施例中的S202或者S202C。进一步地，该装置还可以包括：触发单元303和选择单元304；其中，触发单元303用于支持该装置执行上述方法实施例中的S202A或者S2，选择单元304用于支持该装置执行上述方法实施例中S202B、或者S3至S5。可选的，触发单元303和选择单元304也可以集成为一个确定单元。上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
可选的，本申请的实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
可选的，本申请实施例中的获取单元301可以为电路、器件、接口、总线、软件模块、收发器或者其它任意可以实现通信的装置。
可选地，获取单元301和转移单元302可以为第一基站或者应用于第一基站中的芯片系统的通信接口，例如，该通信接口可以为收发电路，触发单元303和选择单元304可以为集成在第一基站或者应用于第一基站中的芯片系统的处理器上。
图6示出了上述实施例中所涉及的小区间负载均衡的装置的一种可能的逻辑结构示意图，该装置可以实现本申请实施例提供的方法中第一基站的功能。该装置可以为第一基站或者应用于第一基站中的芯片系统，该装置包括：处理器402和通信接口403。处理器402用于对该装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理器402用于执行该装置侧消息或数据处理的步骤。例如，支持该装置执行上述方法实施例中的S202A至S202B，或者S2至S5，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其他过程。通信接口403用于支持该装置执行上述方法实施例中的S201、或者S1和S3中获取至少一个小区的负载信息的步骤。可选的，该装置还可以包括存储器401，用于存储该装置的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理器402可以是处理器或控制器，例如可以是中央处理器单元，通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路，现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请实施例公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，数字信号处理器和微处理器的组合等等。通信接口403可以是收发器、收发电路或通信接口等。存储器401可以是高速随机存取存储器或者非易失性存储器等。
示例性的，通信接口403、处理器402以及存储器401通过总线404相互连接；总线404可以是PCI总线或EISA总线等。总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图6中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类 型的总线。其中，存储器401用于存储该支装置的程序代码和数据。通信接口403用于支持该装置与其他设备通信，处理器402用于持该装置执行存储器401中存储的程序代码以实现本申请实施例所提供的方法中的步骤。
可选地，存储器401可以包括于处理器402中。
在本申请实施例中，该装置可以获取第一小区和第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，该负载信息与用户激活数和小区资源参数有关，该用户激活数可以用于反映小区的负载程度，该小区资源参数包括的下行频率效率可以用于反映小区的频域资源和空间资源的使用情况，从而该装置可以根据第一小区的负载信息、以及至少一个小区的负载信息，将第一小区的部分负载转移至该至少一个小区中负载少、且频域资源和空间资源使用少的小区中，进而将小区负载合理地部署在不同的小区中，实现不同小区的频域资源和空间资源的有效利用，以及频谱效率的最大化。
本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例描述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，SSD)等。
基于这样的理解，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法实施例中该终端的一个或者多个步骤。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法实施例中该终端的一个或者多个步骤。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种小区间负载均衡的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一基站获取第一小区和所述第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，所述负载信息与激活用户数和小区资源参数有关，所述小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率；
    所述第一基站根据所述第一小区和所述至少一个小区的所述负载信息，将所述第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述至少一个小区中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，一个小区的下行频谱效率η满足公式：η＝Q/(M×N)；式中，Q表示所述小区的吞吐率，M表示所述小区的实际使用PRB数量，N表示每个PRB包括的子载波数量N。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述负载信息为参数比值，所述第一基站根据所述第一小区和所述至少一个小区的所述负载信息，将所述第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述至少一个小区中，包括：
    所述第一基站根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将所述第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述至少一个小区中；
    其中，所述第一参数比值为所述第一小区的所述激活用户数与所述第一小区的所述小区资源参数的比值，所述至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为所述至少一个小区中一个小区的所述激活用户数与所述小区的所述小区资源参数的比值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述小区资源参数还包括以下至少一项：系统带宽、下行子帧占比；
    所述第一参数比值为所述第一小区的所述激活用户数与第一乘积的比值，所述第一乘积为所述第一小区的所述小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积；
    所述至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为所述至少一个小区中一个小区的所述激活用户数与所述小区的第二乘积的比值，所述第二乘积为所述小区的所述小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一基站根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将所述第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述至少一个小区中，包括：
    当所述第一基站确定所述第一参数比值大于第一阈值时，所述第一基站根据所述至少一个第二参数比值，确定所述至少一个小区中第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区，所述第二阈值小于所述第一阈值；
    所述第一基站将所述第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述目标小区中。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个小区包括：所述第一基站管理的除所述第一小区之外一个或者多个小区；和/或，第二基站管理的一个或者多个小区。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述至少一个小区包括所述第二基站管理的第二小区时，所述第一基站获取所述第二小区的所述负载信息，包括：
    所述第一基站从所述第二基站获取所述第二小区的所述负载信息。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述一个或者多个用户设备包括以下至少一种用户设备：业务资源占比大于预设占比的用户设备，处于所述第一小区的覆盖边缘的用户设备，优先级高于预设优先级的用户设备。
  9. 一种小区间负载均衡的装置，其特征在于，所述装置为第一基站或者第一基站中的芯片，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取第一小区和所述第一小区相邻的至少一个小区的负载信息，所述负载信息与激活用户数和小区资源参数有关，所述小区资源参数包括下行频谱效率；
    转移单元，用于根据所述第一小区和所述至少一个小区的所述负载信息，将所述第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述至少一个小区中。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，一个小区的下行频谱效率η满足公式：η＝Q/(M×N)；式中，Q表示所述小区的吞吐率，M表示所述小区的实际使用PRB数量，N表示每个PRB包括的子载波数量N。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述负载信息为参数比值，所述转移单元还用于：
    根据第一参数比值和至少一个第二参数比值，将所述第一小区中的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述至少一个小区中；
    其中，所述第一参数比值为所述第一小区的所述激活用户数与所述第一小区的所述小区资源参数的比值，所述至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为所述至少一个小区中一个小区的所述激活用户数与所述小区的所述小区资源参数的比值。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述小区资源参数还包括以下至少一项：系统带宽、下行子帧占比；
    所述第一参数比值为所述第一小区的所述激活用户数与第一乘积的比值，所述第一乘积为所述第一小区的所述小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积；
    所述至少一个第二参数比值中的每个第二参数比值为所述至少一个小区中一个小区的所述激活用户数与所述小区的第二乘积的比值，所述第二乘积为所述小区的所述小区资源参数包括的下行频谱效率，与系统带宽和下行子帧占比中的一个或者多个，之间的乘积。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：确定单元；
    所述确定单元，用于当所述第一基站确定所述第一参数比值大于第一阈值时，根据所述至少一个第二参数比值，确定所述至少一个小区中第二参数比值小于第二阈值的小区为目标小区，所述第二阈值小于所述第一阈值；
    所述转移单元，还用于将所述第一小区的一个或者多个用户设备转移至所述目标小区中。
  14. 根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个小区包括：所述第一基站管理的除所述第一小区之外一个或者多个小区；和/或，第二基站管理的 一个或者多个小区。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述至少一个小区包括所述第二基站管理的第二小区时，所述获取单元还用于：
    从所述第二基站获取所述第二小区的所述负载信息。
  16. 根据权利要求9-15任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述一个或者多个用户设备包括以下至少一种用户设备：业务资源占比大于预设占比的用户设备，处于所述第一小区的覆盖边缘的用户设备，优先级高于预设优先级的用户设备。
  17. 一种小区间负载均衡的装置，其特征在于，所述装置为第一基站或者第一基站中的芯片，包括：处理器和通信接口，所述处理器被配置为通过所述通信接口执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的小区间负载均衡的方法。
  18. 一种可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述可读存储介质在设备上运行时，使得所述设备执行权利要求1-8任一项所述的小区间负载均衡的方法。
  19. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行权利要求1-8任一项所述的小区间负载均衡的方法。
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