WO2022019433A1 - 시공간 인코딩을 사용하여 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하기 위한 방법 및 시스템 - Google Patents
시공간 인코딩을 사용하여 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하기 위한 방법 및 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022019433A1 WO2022019433A1 PCT/KR2021/003269 KR2021003269W WO2022019433A1 WO 2022019433 A1 WO2022019433 A1 WO 2022019433A1 KR 2021003269 W KR2021003269 W KR 2021003269W WO 2022019433 A1 WO2022019433 A1 WO 2022019433A1
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- virtual object
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- roughness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/013—Eye tracking input arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating three-dimensional [3D] models or images for computer graphics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/01—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/01
- G06F2203/014—Force feedback applied to GUI
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a system and method for providing a roughness of a virtual object, and more particularly, to a system and method for feeding back various roughness tactile sensations to a user without replacing a texture to be coupled to an end effector.
- the tactile touch providing apparatus may help the user to immerse in the virtual reality by providing the user with the tactile sense of a virtual object that has come into contact with the user in the virtual reality.
- the conventional tactile sense providing device attaches one of a plurality of physical textures to the end effector of the tactile sense providing device according to the virtual object the user comes into contact with. , when the virtual object the user touches is changed, the texture attached to the end effector is also changed.
- the present invention provides different roughness tactile sensations depending on the direction and rotates the end effector in contact with the user's hand according to the spatial encoding result and moves it according to the temporal encoding result, thereby providing a user with a variety of textures to be coupled to the end effector without replacing the texture.
- Systems and methods for feedback of roughness tactile are provided.
- a method for providing a tactile sense of roughness of a virtual object comprising: displaying the virtual objects to a user; tracking the location of the user's hand; predicting a virtual object most likely to collide with the hand from among the virtual objects; and when the hand comes into contact with the tactile sense providing device, controlling the tactile sense providing device according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object to feed back the rough tactile sense to the user.
- the step of feeding back the roughness of the touch may include contacting the hand according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object and the moving direction of the hand.
- Tactile rendering for feeding back the rough tactile sense may be performed by rotating or moving the end effector of the .
- the end effector of the method for providing the tactile sense of roughness of a virtual object includes polygonal or oval-shaped protrusions having an X-axis radius different from that of other axes, or a surface object on which the protrusions are formed ( textured surface), so that different roughness tactile sensations may be fed back to the user according to an angle of contact with the hand.
- the predicting of the virtual object of the method for providing a rough tactile sense of the virtual object may include predicting the user's ROI based on the user's gaze direction; and predicting the virtual object including the region of interest as the virtual object most likely to collide with the hand.
- the predicting of the virtual object of the method for providing a rough tactile sense of a virtual object includes: a position where the hand collides with the predicted virtual object based on the position and movement speed of the hand; predicting time; and moving the position of the end effector that comes into contact with the hand in the tactile sense providing device and feeds back a rough tactile sense to the user according to the predicted position and time.
- a system for providing roughness of a virtual object includes: an HMD for displaying virtual objects to a user; an apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object that tracks the position of the user's hand and predicts a virtual object most likely to collide with the hand from among the virtual objects; and a tactile sense providing device for feeding back a rough tactile sense to the user according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object when the hand comes into contact with the tactile sense providing device.
- An apparatus for providing a roughness of a virtual object of a system for providing a roughness of a virtual object provides an end effector of the apparatus for providing a tactile sense that makes contact with the hand according to a predicted surface roughness of the virtual object and a movement direction of the hand tactile rendering for feeding back the rough tactile sense by rotating or moving the .
- protrusions having a polygonal or elliptical shape having an X-axis radius different from that of another axis are formed, or a textured surface on which the protrusions are formed. may be attached to feed back different roughness tactile sensations to the user according to an angle of contact with the hand.
- the apparatus for providing the roughness of a virtual object of the system for providing the roughness of a virtual object predicts a region of interest of the user based on a gaze direction of the user, and determines the virtual object including the region of interest. It can be predicted as the virtual object most likely to collide with the hand.
- the apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object of a system for providing roughness of a virtual object predicts a location and time at which the hand collides with the predicted virtual object based on the position and movement speed of the hand, , according to the predicted position and time, the tactile sensation providing device may move the position of the end effector that comes into contact with the hand and feeds back the rough tactile sensation to the user.
- An apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object includes: a visual rendering unit for displaying virtual objects to a user using an HMD; a user tracking unit for tracking the position of the user's hand; an object prediction unit predicting a virtual object most likely to collide with the hand from among the virtual objects; and a tactile rendering unit configured to control the tactile sense providing device according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object to feed back a rough tactile sense to the user when the hand comes into contact with the tactile sense providing device.
- the tactile rendering unit of the apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object rotates or moves an end effector of the apparatus for providing a tactile sense in contact with the hand according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object and the movement direction of the hand Thus, tactile rendering for feeding back the rough tactile sense may be performed.
- the object prediction unit of the apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object predicts the user's ROI based on the user's gaze direction, and the virtual object including the ROI may collide with the hand. It can be predicted with this highest virtual object.
- the object prediction unit of the apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object predicts a location and time at which the hand collides with the predicted virtual object based on the position and movement speed of the hand, and the tactile rendering unit , according to the predicted position and time, the tactile sensation providing device may move the position of the end effector that comes into contact with the hand and feeds back the rough tactile sensation to the user.
- the texture to be coupled to the end effector is provided by providing different roughness tactile sensations according to directions and rotating the end effector in contact with the user's hand according to the spatial encoding result and moving it according to the temporal encoding result. It is possible to feed back various roughness tactile sensations to the user without replacement.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a system for providing roughness of a virtual object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a system for providing roughness of a virtual object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 3 is an example of the perceived width of the tactile feedback provided to the user according to the user's scan direction in the end effector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an example of a process of predicting a virtual object most likely to collide with a user's hand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an example of a rotation angle of an end effector that provides tactile feedback to a user according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 9 is an example of a roughness tactile level provided to a user for each rotation angle of an end effector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 11 is an example of a roughness tactile level perceived by a user according to a direction and a speed of tactile rendering according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method for providing roughness of a virtual object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a system for providing roughness of a virtual object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the virtual object roughness providing system may include a virtual object roughness providing apparatus 100 , an HMD 120 , and a tactile sensation providing apparatus 130 .
- the virtual object roughness providing apparatus 100 may include a user tracking unit 111 , an object prediction unit 112 , a visual rendering unit 113 , and a tactile rendering unit 114 .
- the user tracking unit 111 , the object prediction unit 112 , the visual rendering unit 113 , and the tactile rendering unit 114 are different processors or each module included in a program executed by one processor. can
- the visual rendering unit 113 may render a virtual environment and a virtual object to be provided to the user 100 , and transmit it to the HMD 120 .
- the head mounted display (HMD) 120 may display the virtual object to the user 100 according to the rendering information received from the visual rendering unit 113 .
- the HMD 120 may track the direction of the user's 100 head by using the tracker.
- the HMD 120 may determine the direction in which the eyes 101 of the user 100 gaze according to the direction of the head of the user 100 and transmit the determined direction to the user tracking unit 111 .
- the user tracking unit 111 may track the position of the hand 102 of the user 100 using an infrared ray sensor.
- the IR sensor may be attached to the HMD 120 to track the position of the hand 120 of the user 100 wearing the HMD 120 .
- the IR sensor is installed within a predetermined distance from the tactile sense providing device 130 or the tactile sense providing device 130 to track the position of the user's hand 102 extending in the direction in which the tactile sense providing device 130 is located. may be
- the object prediction unit 112 may predict a virtual object that is most likely to collide with the hand 102 from among the virtual objects displayed to the user 100 by the HMD 120 .
- the object prediction unit 112 may predict the ROI of the user 100 based on the gaze direction in which the eye 101 of the user 100 gazes. In addition, the object prediction unit 112 predicts a virtual object including the region of interest among the virtual objects rendered by the visual rendering unit 113 as a virtual object most likely to collide with the hand 112 of the user 100 . can Also, the object prediction unit 112 may predict the location and time at which the hand 102 collides with the predicted virtual object based on the position and movement speed of the hand 102 tracked by the user tracking unit 111 . In addition, the object prediction unit 112 may transmit identification information of the predicted virtual object, the location and time at which the hand 102 collides with the predicted virtual object, to the visual rendering unit 113 and the tactile rendering unit 114 . have.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 makes contact with the hand 102 in the tactile sense providing device 130 according to the position and time predicted by the object predicting unit 112 to determine the position of the end effector that feeds back the rough tactile sense to the user 100 . can be moved In addition, the tactile rendering unit 114 may monitor whether the user's hand is in contact with the end effector of the tactile providing apparatus 130 .
- the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 may include a torque sensor, measure a contact force f of the user 100 in contact with the end effector, and transmit it to the tactile rendering unit 114 . Also, when the received contact force f is equal to or greater than a preset threshold value, the tactile rendering 114 may determine that the user's hand is in contact with the end effector of the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 .
- the threshold may be 3N.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 controls the tactile sense providing device 130 according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object to control the user It can feed back a sense of roughness to the In this case, the tactile rendering unit 114 rotates or moves according to the surface roughness of the virtual object predicted by the end effector of the tactile providing device 130 in contact with the hand 102 and the moving direction of the hand 102 to obtain a rough tactile sense. Tactile rendering for feedback can be performed.
- the end effector has polygonal or elliptical-shaped protrusions having different radii on the X-axis and different radii from other axes, or a textured surface on which the protrusions are formed is attached to each other depending on the direction in which they come into contact with the hand 102 .
- Other roughness tactile sensations may be fed back to the user 100 .
- the visual rendering unit 113 may display the hand of the user 100 displayed on the virtual reality as contact with the predicted virtual object.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may perform spatial encoding and temporal encoding according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object and the moving direction and speed of the hand 102 of the user 100 stroking the virtual object. Also, the tactile rendering unit 114 may rotate the end effector by determining a rotation angle of the end effector according to the spatial encoding result. In addition, the tactile rendering unit 114 may determine the moving direction and speed of the end effector according to the temporal encoding result to move the end effector in the determined direction.
- the system for providing roughness of a virtual object may provide various roughness tactile sensations to the user 100 by controlling the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 according to spatial encoding and temporal encoding.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a system for providing roughness of a virtual object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- polygonal or elliptical protrusions having a radius of the X-axis longer than the radius of the Y-axis are formed, or a textured surface on which the protrusions are formed may be attached. have.
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object sets the angle of the end effector 200 to 0 degrees 210 to maximize the texton width, thereby feeding back the lowest level of roughness tactile sensation to the user 200. .
- the tactile rendering unit 114 of the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object sets the angle of the end effector 200 to 90 degrees 220 to minimize the texton width, thereby giving feedback to the user 200 . can increase the level of roughness to the touch.
- 3 is an example of the perceived width of the tactile feedback provided to the user according to the user's scan direction in the end effector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the roughness tactile sense of the end effector 200 recognized by the user 100 may be a function of spatial characteristics of the end effector 200 scanned along the scanning axis. Accordingly, the texton width can be defined according to the scan direction.
- the shape of the protrusion formed on the end effector 200 is a circle or cone having the same X-axis radius and Y-axis radius
- the user 100 feels a constant perceptual width regardless of the scan direction. can Accordingly, even if the direction of the end effector 200 is changed, different roughness tactile sensations cannot be fed back to the user 100 .
- the shape of the protrusions formed on the end effector 200 of the tactile sense providing device 130 may be an elliptical shape in which the X-axis radius (r x ) is longer than the Y-axis radius (r y ) as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the scan direction which is a direction in which the hand 102 of the user 100 moves on the end effector 200 in order to stroke the virtual object, may be a direction in which the user 100 moves from left to right.
- W ⁇ which is the width of the texton according to the scan direction
- a psychometric relationship between the spacing between the protrusions formed on the end effector 200 and the roughness tactile sensation fed back to the user 100 who has touched the end effector 200 may form an inverted U-shaped graph.
- the protrusion may set the radius r y of the Y-axis having a short radius to 1.5 mm so that the distance between the protrusions is 3 mm or more.
- the protrusions are formed on the end effector 200 so that the value of d ⁇ , which is the distance between the protrusions, is inversely proportional to the value of ⁇ , so that the level of roughness tactile sense fed back to the user 100 increases as ⁇ increases. have.
- the protrusions may be arranged in a rectangular grid structure on the end effector 200 .
- d ⁇ which is an interval between the protrusions, may be defined as a ray distance measured from the center of the protrusion to the nearest other protrusion along the scan direction at an angle of ⁇ min.
- the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 may include a plurality of axial joints to move the end effector 200 to come into contact with the user's hand according to the location of the user's hand.
- the tactile sense providing device 130 may include a configuration for rotating the direction of the end effector 200 and a torque sensor for measuring a contact force f of the user 100 in contact with the end effector 200 . have.
- the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 may move the end effector 200 in contact with the user's 100 hand in a preset direction and speed.
- the virtual object roughness providing apparatus 100 may predict the virtual object most likely to collide with the user's hand by tracking the movement of the user's hand.
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object may control the direction and the moving speed of the apparatus for providing a tactile sense according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object to feed back the roughness of the tactile sense to the user.
- roughness information may be first sorted in ascending order.
- n pieces of distinguishable roughness information may be selected in ascending order from m encoded roughness information (assuming m ⁇ n) and mapped to the virtual object.
- the roughness information may be mapped one-to-one with the virtual object, a plurality of virtual objects may be mapped to one roughness information, or different roughness information may be mapped to each area in one virtual object.
- a first bookshelf and a second bookshelf among virtual objects may be mapped to the same roughness information.
- an area inside the backrest that is in contact with the user, a region behind the backrest not in contact with the user, or an area under the chair may be mapped with different roughness information among the virtual objects.
- the rough tactile sense fed back to the user by the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 is the user's scan direction 530 , the direction of the end effector 200 , the movement direction 520 of the end effector 200 , and the end effector 200 . It can be determined according to the movement speed.
- the tactile sensation providing device 130 is the end
- the level of roughness tactile feedback fed back to the user 200 may be increased or decreased.
- FIG. 6 is an example of a process of predicting a virtual object most likely to collide with a user's hand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the user tracking unit 111 tracks the user's head and hands in real time, and the configuration of the tactile sensation providing apparatus 130 may be expressed in the same frame.
- the user's head position may be tracked by the HMD tracker and converted from the tracking sensor frame to the basic frame of the tactile sense providing device 130 .
- the user's hand position and movement direction are tracked by the IR motion sensor mounted on the HMD and may be converted from the motion sensor frame to the basic frame of the tactile sense providing device 130 .
- the user tracking unit 111 may use a midpoint smoothing algorithm to reduce tracking noise and generate smooth robot motion.
- the user tracking unit 111 refers to the previous four hand positions, so that the two positions can be determined after the two-stage midpoint smoothing is performed.
- the user tracking unit 111 may determine two position vectors by applying two-step midpoint smoothing with reference to q1, q2, and q3 in the same way.
- the user tracking unit 111 may calculate a direction vector according to the two determined positions and use it as an estimate for the user scan direction.
- the object prediction unit 112 forms a virtual line 621 according to the direction in which the user's eye 101 is gazing, and selects a region in contact with the virtual line 621 among the virtual objects 610 as the user's region of interest ( 620) can be predicted.
- the object predictor 112 may predict the virtual object including the region of interest 620 as the virtual object most likely to collide with the user's hand 102 .
- the object prediction unit 112 generates a virtual hand of the user according to the location tracked by the user tracking unit 111 , and uses the generated virtual hand as the surface 630 of the virtual object including the region of interest 620 . ), it is possible to determine the position and direction in which the user's hand 102 is in contact with the virtual object.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may control the tactile sense providing device 130 to move the end effector according to the location and direction in which the user's hand 102 contacts the virtual object determined by the object prediction unit 112 . .
- the user's hand 102 may contact the end effector of the tactile sense providing device 130 at a position and direction in which the user's hand 102 contacts the virtual object determined by the object prediction unit 112 .
- the end effector may be formed by arranging protrusions having different shapes on a surface in contact with a user's hand according to an embodiment.
- all of the radii r y of the Y axis may be 1.0 mm.
- the X-axis radius (r x ) may be 1.5 mm
- the X-axis radius (r x ) may be 2.0 mm.
- the X-axis radius (r x ) may be 2.5 mm
- Case 4 (Case 4) of FIG. 7 the X-axis radius (r x ) may be 3.0 mm.
- FIG. 8 is an example of a rotation angle of an end effector that provides tactile feedback to a user according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the end effector may be rotated at a preset angle according to the level of the rough tactile sense that the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 intends to provide to the user.
- the rotation angle ⁇ of the end effector may be 63.43.
- the rotation angle ⁇ of the end effector may be 71.57.
- 9 is an example of a roughness tactile level provided to a user for each rotation angle of an end effector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an example of roughness levels perceived by users when each of the end effectors shown in FIG. 8 is rotated at the angle of FIG. 8 .
- the tactile sense providing device 130 controls the rotation angle of the end effector in which the protrusions having a difference between the Y-axis radius (r y ) and the X-axis radius (r x ) equal to or greater than a certain size are arranged, thereby providing the user with various levels of roughness tactile sensation. can give feedback.
- FIG. 10 is an example of roughness tactile levels fed back to a user according to combinations of rotation angles of five different end effectors and speed values of five end effectors 200 .
- the x-axis of Fig. 10 represents the combination of the rotation angle and velocity values of the end effector [rotation angle, velocity], and the y-axis may be the level of the readjusted normalized roughness tactile sensation. That is, values having the same rotation angle in FIG. 10 are indicated by the same hatching.
- the level of the tactile sense of roughness fed back to the user may also increase.
- the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 may feed back various levels of roughness tactile sensations to the user by controlling the rotation angle and the moving speed of the end effector.
- 11 is an example of a roughness tactile level perceived by a user according to a direction and a speed of tactile rendering according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the level of the rough tactile sensation fed back to the user may also increase.
- a graph 1120 representing a relationship between the moving speed of the end effector and the level of the rough tactile sense fed back to the user
- the level of the rough tactile sense fed back to the user may also increase.
- the difference in the moving speed of the end effector increases, the difference in the level of the rough tactile sensation fed back to the user may also increase.
- the HMD 120 provides a virtual environment 1210 including a bookshelf 1211 and a wallpaper 1212 to the user 100 according to information received from the visual rendering unit 113 of the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object. can be displayed.
- the bookcase 1211 may be a virtual object having a rougher texture than the wallpaper 1212 .
- the user 100 may perform a scan operation 1221 by stroking the surface of the bookshelf 1211 from left to right with a hand while gazing at the bookshelf 1211 in the virtual environment 1210 ( 1220 ).
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object may control the tactile sensation providing apparatus 130 to move the end effector 200 to a position where it can come into contact with the user's hand 100 .
- the roughness providing apparatus 100 of the virtual object rotates the direction of the end effector 200 by 1 degree to 90 degrees according to the roughness of the bookshelf 1211 that the user 100 is staring at, so that the end effector 200 is It is possible to increase the level of roughness tactile feedback to the user.
- the virtual object roughness providing apparatus 100 moves the end effector 200 in a direction 1222 opposite to the scan direction in response to the user's hand moving in the scan direction 1223 in the real world, so that the user A rough tactile sense corresponding to the bookshelf 1221 may be fed back to the user.
- the roughness providing apparatus 100 of the virtual object may further increase the level of the tactile sense of roughness fed back to the user by increasing the moving speed of the end effector 200 moving in the direction 1222 opposite to the scan direction.
- the user 100 may perform a scan operation 1231 by stroking the surface of the wallpaper 1212 from left to right with a hand while gazing at the wallpaper 1212 in the virtual environment 1210 ( 1230 ).
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object may control the tactile sensation providing apparatus 130 to move the end effector 200 to a position where it can come into contact with the user's hand 100 .
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object rotates the direction of the end effector 200 to 0 degrees, which is a default angle, according to the roughness of the wallpaper 1212 that the user 100 is gazing, so that the end effector 200 is It is possible to reduce the level of roughness tactile feedback to the user.
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object moves the end effector 200 in a direction 1232 opposite to the scan direction in response to the user's hand moving in the scan direction 1233 in the real world, so that the user A soft tactile sense corresponding to the wallpaper 1221 may be fed back to the user.
- the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object may further reduce the level of the tactile sense of roughness fed back to the user by decreasing the moving speed of the end effector 200 moving in the direction 1232 opposite to the scan direction.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method for providing roughness of a virtual object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the HMD 120 provides the user 100 with a plurality of virtual objects and a virtual environment including the virtual objects according to the information received from the visual rendering unit 113 of the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object. can be displayed.
- step 1320 the user tracking unit 112 of the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object tracks the position of the user's hand wearing the HMD 120 and the direction in which the eye 101 of the user 100 gazes. can do.
- step 1330 the object prediction unit 112 of the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object predicts the virtual object most likely to collide with the hand of the user 100 among the virtual objects displayed in step 1310 .
- the object prediction unit 112 may predict the user's ROI based on the user's gaze direction, and predict the virtual object including the ROI as the virtual object most likely to collide with the hand. Also, the object prediction unit 112 may predict the location and time at which the user's hand collides with the predicted virtual object based on the user's 100 hand position and movement speed. In this case, the tactile rendering unit 114 of the apparatus 100 for providing the roughness of the virtual object comes into contact with the hand 102 in the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 according to the location and time predicted by the object prediction unit 112 to provide the user 100 ), the position of the end effector that feeds back the roughness tactile sense can be moved.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may monitor whether the user's hand is in contact with the end effector of the tactile providing apparatus 130 .
- the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 may measure a contact force f of the user 100 in contact with the end effector with a torque sensor and transmit it to the tactile rendering unit 114 .
- the tactile rendering 114 may determine that the user's hand is in contact with the end effector of the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 .
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may perform step 1350 .
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may request the user tracking unit 112 to perform step 1320 .
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may control the tactile sense providing apparatus 130 according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object to feed back a rough tactile sense to the user.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may perform spatial encoding and temporal encoding according to the predicted surface roughness of the virtual object and the moving direction and speed of the hand 102 of the user 100 stroking the virtual object.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may rotate the end effector by determining a rotation angle of the end effector according to the spatial encoding result.
- the tactile rendering unit 114 may determine the moving direction and speed of the end effector according to the temporal encoding result to move the end effector in the determined direction.
- the present invention provides different roughness tactile sensations depending on the direction and rotates the end effector in contact with the user's hand according to the spatial encoding result and moves it according to the temporal encoding result, thereby providing a user with a variety of textures to be coupled to the end effector without replacing the texture. It is possible to feedback the roughness tactile sense.
- the apparatus for providing roughness of a virtual object or method for providing roughness of a virtual object according to the present invention is written as a program that can be executed on a computer and can be implemented in various recording media such as magnetic storage media, optical reading media, digital storage media, etc. .
- Implementations of the various techniques described herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or combinations thereof. Implementations may be implemented for processing by, or controlling the operation of, a data processing device, eg, a programmable processor, computer, or number of computers, in a computer program product, eg, a machine readable storage device (computer readable capable medium) may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer program.
- a computer program such as the computer program(s) described above, may be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, as a standalone program or in a module, component, subroutine, or computing environment. It can be deployed in any form, including as other units suitable for use in A computer program may be deployed to be processed on one computer or multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communications network.
- processors suitable for processing a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer.
- a processor will receive instructions and data from either read-only memory or random access memory or both.
- Elements of a computer may include at least one processor that executes instructions and one or more memory devices that store instructions and data.
- a computer may include, receive data from, transmit data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, for example magnetic, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks.
- Information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data are, for example, semiconductor memory devices, for example, magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tapes, Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CD-ROM). ), optical recording media such as DVD (Digital Video Disk), magneto-optical media such as optical disk, ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (RAM) , Random Access Memory), flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), and the like. Processors and memories may be supplemented by, or included in, special purpose logic circuitry.
- the computer-readable medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, and may include any computer storage medium.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 사용자에게 가상 객체들을 표시하는 단계;상기 사용자의 손의 위치를 추적하는 단계;상기 가상 객체들 중에서 상기 손과 충돌할 가능성이 가장 높은 가상 객체를 예측하는 단계; 및상기 손이 촉각 제공 장치와 접촉한 경우, 예측한 가상 객체의 표면 거칠기에 따라 상기 촉각 제공 장치를 제어하여 상기 사용자에게 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 단계를 포함하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 단계는,예측한 가상 객체의 표면 거칠기 및 상기 손의 이동 방향에 따라 상기 손과 접촉하는 상기 촉각 제공 장치의 엔드 이펙터를 회전 또는 이동시켜 상기 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하기 위한 촉각 렌더링을 수행하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하는 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 엔드 이펙터는,X축의 반경이 다른 축의 반경과 서로 다른 다각형, 또는 타원 형상의 돌출부들이 형성되거나, 상기 돌출부들이 형성된 표면 물체(textured surface)가 부착되어 상기 손과 접촉하는 각도에 따라 서로 다른 거칠기 촉각을 상기 사용자에게 피드백하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 가상 객체를 예측하는 단계는,상기 사용자의 응시 방향을 기초로 상기 사용자의 관심 영역을 예측하는 단계; 및상기 관심 영역이 포함된 가상 객체를 상기 손과 충돌할 가능성이 가장 높은 가상 객체로 예측하는 단계를 포함하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하는 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 가상 객체를 예측하는 단계는,상기 손의 위치 및 이동 속도를 기초로 상기 손이 상기 예측한 가상 객체와 충돌하는 위치 및 시간을 예측하는 단계; 및예측한 위치 및 시간에 따라 상기 촉각 제공 장치에서 상기 손과 접촉하여 상기 사용자에게 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 엔드 이펙터의 위치를 이동시키는 단계를 더 포함하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 촉각을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항의 방법을 실행하기 위한 프로그램이 기록된 컴퓨터에서 판독 가능한 기록 매체.
- 사용자에게 가상 객체들을 표시하는 HMD;상기 사용자의 손의 위치를 추적하고, 상기 가상 객체들 중에서 상기 손과 충돌할 가능성이 가장 높은 가상 객체를 예측하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치; 및상기 손이 촉각 제공 장치와 접촉한 경우, 예측한 가상 객체의 표면 거칠기에 따라 상기 사용자에게 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 촉각 제공 장치를 포함하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 시스템.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치는,예측한 가상 객체의 표면 거칠기 및 상기 손의 이동 방향에 따라 상기 손과 접촉하는 상기 촉각 제공 장치의 엔드 이펙터를 회전 또는 이동시켜 상기 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하기 위한 촉각 렌더링을 수행하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 시스템.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 엔드 이펙터는,X축의 반경이 다른 축의 반경과 서로 다른 다각형, 또는 타원 형상의 돌출부들이 형성되거나, 상기 돌출부들이 형성된 표면 물체(textured surface)가 부착되어 상기 손과 접촉하는 각도에 따라 서로 다른 거칠기 촉각을 상기 사용자에게 피드백하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 시스템.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치는,상기 사용자의 응시 방향을 기초로 상기 사용자의 관심 영역을 예측하고, 상기 관심 영역이 포함된 가상 객체를 상기 손과 충돌할 가능성이 가장 높은 가상 객체로 예측하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 시스템.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치는,상기 손의 위치 및 이동 속도를 기초로 상기 손이 상기 예측한 가상 객체와 충돌하는 위치 및 시간을 예측하고, 예측한 위치 및 시간에 따라 상기 촉각 제공 장치에서 상기 손과 접촉하여 상기 사용자에게 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 엔드 이펙터의 위치를 이동시키는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 시스템.
- HMD를 이용하여 사용자에게 가상 객체들을 표시하는 시각 렌더링부;상기 사용자의 손의 위치를 추적하는 사용자 추적부;상기 가상 객체들 중에서 상기 손과 충돌할 가능성이 가장 높은 가상 객체를 예측하는 객체 예측부; 및상기 손이 촉각 제공 장치와 접촉한 경우, 예측한 가상 객체의 표면 거칠기에 따라 상기 촉각 제공 장치를 제어하여 상기 사용자에게 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 촉각 렌더링부를 포함하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 촉각 렌더링부는,예측한 가상 객체의 표면 거칠기 및 상기 손의 이동 방향에 따라 상기 손과 접촉하는 상기 촉각 제공 장치의 엔드 이펙터를 회전 또는 이동시켜 상기 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하기 위한 촉각 렌더링을 수행하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 객체 예측부는,상기 사용자의 응시 방향을 기초로 상기 사용자의 관심 영역을 예측하고, 상기 관심 영역이 포함된 가상 객체를 상기 손과 충돌할 가능성이 가장 높은 가상 객체로 예측하는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 객체 예측부는,상기 손의 위치 및 이동 속도를 기초로 상기 손이 상기 예측한 가상 객체와 충돌하는 위치 및 시간을 예측하고,상기 촉각 렌더링부는,예측한 위치 및 시간에 따라 상기 촉각 제공 장치에서 상기 손과 접촉하여 상기 사용자에게 거칠기 촉각을 피드백하는 엔드 이펙터의 위치를 이동시키는 가상 객체의 거칠기 제공 장치.
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2021
- 2021-03-17 WO PCT/KR2021/003269 patent/WO2022019433A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2021-03-17 US US18/017,408 patent/US12056281B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080029676A (ko) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 접촉 감각 정보 제공 장치 |
| KR20140128244A (ko) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-11-05 | 임머숀 코퍼레이션 | 햅틱 지원 변형 가능 표면을 위한 시스템 및 방법 |
| KR20170104386A (ko) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-15 | 임머숀 코퍼레이션 | 햅틱 표면 요소를 위한 시스템 및 방법 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| KIM YAESOL, HYUN JUNG KIM, YOUNG J. KIM: "Encountered-type haptic display for large VR environment using per-plane reachability maps", COMPUTER ANIMATION & VIRTUAL WORLDS, vol. 29, 2 May 2018 (2018-05-02), XP055889641, DOI: 10.1002/cav.1814 * |
| KIM YAESOL; KIM SIYEON; OH URAN; KIM YOUNG J.: "Synthesizing the Roughness of Textured Surfaces for an Encountered-Type Haptic Display Using Spatiotemporal Encoding", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HAPTICS, IEEE, USA, vol. 14, no. 1, 24 June 2020 (2020-06-24), USA , pages 32 - 43, XP011845136, ISSN: 1939-1412, DOI: 10.1109/TOH.2020.3004637 * |
| KIM, YAESOL ET AL.: "A Encounter-Type Haptic Texture Display using a Cooperative Robot", PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH KOREA HAPTICS WORKSHOP, 30 August 2019 (2019-08-30), pages 26 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102332318B1 (ko) | 2021-12-01 |
| US12056281B2 (en) | 2024-08-06 |
| US20230205318A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
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