WO2022017268A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022017268A1
WO2022017268A1 PCT/CN2021/106695 CN2021106695W WO2022017268A1 WO 2022017268 A1 WO2022017268 A1 WO 2022017268A1 CN 2021106695 W CN2021106695 W CN 2021106695W WO 2022017268 A1 WO2022017268 A1 WO 2022017268A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
module
light source
display device
displacement
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/106695
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡飞
陈晨
陈彦哲
李屹
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Shenzhen Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Appotronics Corp Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2046—Positional adjustment of light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/005—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
    • G03B21/008—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto using micromirror devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2053—Intensity control of illuminating light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular, to a display device.
  • the existing display technologies mainly include the following three types: one is based on a laser scanning display scheme.
  • the existing beam scanning image display scheme mainly uses a laser as the main light source, and uses a light modulator to modulate the light intensity of the beam.
  • Common light modulators include electro-optic modulation and acousto-optic modulation.
  • the three-color laser passes through the modulator loaded with the video signal and becomes a laser beam with different light intensities with the video signal, and then passes through the color combination system of the optical film to synthesize a beam. Then enter the X-Y scanning system.
  • This scheme uses an optical modulator, and the power consumption and volume of the system are relatively large; due to the small number of laser light sources used, the control bandwidth of the modulator and scanning equipment is required to be large, the resolution of the image is low, and the obtained field of view is small. , and there is a strong speckle effect.
  • DLP Digital Light Processing
  • XPR fast-switching technology applies the principle of human vision persistence, and implements pixel-level micro-vibration on DMD to achieve the effect of improving resolution. .
  • the number of pixels that can be reproduced by XPR technology is limited, so to obtain high resolution, a DMD chip with higher resolution native pixels is required, and the cost is high.
  • the other is a polyhedral mirror-based scanner.
  • the polyhedral mirror is mainly a rotating optical element composed of more than 3 small mirrors, which is suitable for unidirectional scanning, high scanning rate, large aperture, large scanning angle and high throughput scenarios. .
  • a polyhedral mirror scanner is matched to another technique for beam steering or target motion to create a second axis for repetitive scanning.
  • beam angular resolution there is a positive correlation between the size of the polyhedral scanning mirror and the imaging resolution. If high resolution is to be obtained, the required volume of the polyhedron scanner is relatively large, the size of the lens is also increased, and the entire system is bulky and expensive. The above three existing solutions are unable to meet the production demand.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a display device to solve the above problems.
  • the embodiments of the present invention achieve the above objects through the following technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a display device, comprising an image processing module, an array light source, a light source displacement module and an imaging module.
  • the image processing module is used to split a frame of image into a plurality of sub-frames displayed in a time-division multiplexing manner. Each sub-frame Include multiple pixels.
  • the array light source includes a plurality of light sources arranged in an array, and the plurality of light sources are used to form a plurality of light spots in a one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of light spots correspond to a plurality of subframes displayed in a time-division multiplexing manner.
  • the light source displacement module is used for moving a plurality of light spots, so as to arrange each light spot into a plurality of time-series display light spots corresponding to a plurality of pixels.
  • the imaging module is used to image each subframe on the screen.
  • the display device further includes a light source brightness control module, which is configured to control the brightness of each light spot at each time sequence to control the grayscale of each pixel in each subframe.
  • the light source is a pulsed light source
  • the grayscale of each pixel is controlled by controlling the duty cycle of each light spot.
  • two adjacent light spots among the light spots displayed in a plurality of time series at least partially overlap.
  • the display device further includes a video signal module electrically connected to the image processing module, and the image processing module is further configured to receive an image from the video signal module and perform decoding processing on the image.
  • the light source displacement module includes a first displacement module and a second displacement module, the first displacement module is used to move the light spot in a first direction, and the second displacement module is used to move the light spot in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction Move the spot.
  • the light source displacement module shifts the light spot by deflecting the light beam.
  • the first displacement module is a continuous scan device
  • the second displacement module is a step scan device
  • the first displacement module and the second displacement module are both step-and-scan devices.
  • the display device further includes a light combining module, the light combining module is located between the array light source and the imaging module, and is used for combining light for a plurality of light spots.
  • the display device provided by the present invention realizes the movement of the light spot of the sparse array light source through the light source displacement module, and arranges the light spot of the sparse array light source into a close-packed array light source corresponding to the pixels in the image of the video signal module, so that Display high-resolution variable dot matrix or variable structured light, and display high-brightness and high-resolution images.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of image splitting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a light spot distribution of an array light source and a scanned light spot distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of displacement and driving voltage (current) of a light source displacement module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a time sequence diagram of the displacement of the light source displacement module and the sampling frequency of the light source (the scanning speed is a constant value) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a time sequence diagram of the displacement of the light source displacement module and the sampling frequency of the light source (the scanning speed is not a constant value) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a display device 100, including an image processing module 20, an array light source 30, a light source displacement module 40 and an imaging module 60.
  • the image processing module 20 is used to split a frame of image into a plurality of time-division Subframes displayed in a multiplexing manner, each subframe includes multiple pixels.
  • the array light source 30 is used to form a plurality of light spots, and the plurality of light spots correspond to a plurality of subframes displayed in a time-division multiplexing manner.
  • the light source displacement module 40 is used for moving a plurality of light spots, so as to arrange each light spot into a plurality of time-series display light spots corresponding to a plurality of pixels.
  • the imaging module 60 is used for imaging each subframe on the screen.
  • the display device 100 further includes a video signal module 10 electrically connected to the image processing module 20, and the image processing module 20 is further configured to receive an image from the video signal module 10 and perform decoding processing on the image.
  • the image processing module 20 can decode the video signal module 10 and generate an image signal, and the image signal can be used to control the brightness of each light spot, so as to complete the brightness control of a sub-frame image.
  • the image processing module 20 is also used to split the image into multiple subframes displayed in a time-division multiplexing manner, wherein time-division multiplexing refers to the transmission of different signals through the same element in different time periods to achieve multiplex transmission. the goal of. As shown in FIG.
  • the image processing module 20 divides one frame of image into 2*2 subframes.
  • each pixel is located at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the display area in sequence.
  • the pixel is located at position 1 at time t1, and the pixel is located at position 2 at time t2. And so on.
  • the 2*2 pixel area forms 4*4 pixel areas as a whole.
  • the array light source 30 includes a plurality of light sources arranged in an array, and the plurality of light sources are continuous light sources for forming a plurality of light spots in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the array light sources 30 are arranged in an M*N lattice, and through the optical imaging lens, M*N sparse pixels can be realized on the screen.
  • the light spot corresponding to each light source needs to be expanded by time division multiplexing into m*n time-sequentially displayed light spots that are closely arranged, corresponding to m*n closely arranged pixels in a frame of image, and correspondingly, M*N light spots It can be expanded into closely-packed Mm*Nn time-series display light spots through time division multiplexing to display high-resolution variable dot matrix or variable structured light, and display high-brightness and high-resolution images.
  • the dense packing may be that the expanded light spot just fills the gaps between several adjacent light sources. Since the overall resolution is achieved by the light source array, the modulation bandwidth of a single light source can be effectively reduced.
  • the uniformity of the image can be effectively improved, and when the array light source is a laser, the speckle of the displayed image can also be effectively reduced by scanning the light spot, and the imaging quality can be improved.
  • the array light source 30 includes but is not limited to VCSEL (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser, Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser), EEL (Edge Emitting Laser, Edge Emitting Laser), LED or Micro LED.
  • VCSEL Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser, Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • EEL Edge Emitting Laser, Edge Emitting Laser
  • LED Micro LED.
  • two adjacent light spots among the light spots displayed in a plurality of time series at least partially overlap. That is to say, there is overlap between adjacent light spots.
  • This setting can avoid the final occurrence of dead pixels on the screen due to insufficient brightness of the light spots, which affects the display, and the overlapping part can also increase the display brightness.
  • the overlapping portion can be the same size and the image displayed on the screen is more uniform.
  • the pixel point is an ideal rectangular light spot whose length and width are a and b respectively.
  • Gapa and Gapb are the distances between the edges of two pixels in the length and width directions, respectively.
  • the pixel point is a Gaussian spot
  • the beam energy distribution of the Gaussian spot is
  • the length a and width b of the light spot are defined as the widths when the energy decays to 1/e, respectively w0x and w0y.
  • the control and driving method is similar to that of the rectangular light spot, and will not be repeated here.
  • the array light source 30 further includes a plurality of electrodes, and the plurality of electrodes are connected to the plurality of light sources in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the electrodes are similar to the switches of the light source to control the brightness, on and off and other properties of the light source.
  • the electrodes control the brightness of the light source, and the light source forms multiple light spots, which correspond to multiple sub-frames one-to-one, and each light spot can be arranged into multiple time-series display spots corresponding to multiple pixels.
  • the brightness, on and off of the light source can also control the brightness, on and off of each pixel in the displayed image, so that high contrast and high dynamic range of the image can be achieved.
  • the light source displacement module 40 moves the light spot by scanning.
  • the light source displacement module 40 may be one of an acousto-optic deflector, a voice coil motor, a stepping piezoelectric motor, and a piezoelectric deflection stage. Since the light source in the embodiment of the present invention is an M*N rectangular lattice light source, the light source can be scanned in two directions perpendicular to each other.
  • the light source displacement module 40 includes a first displacement module and a second displacement module, the first displacement module is used for moving the light spot in a first direction, and the second displacement module is used for moving the light spot in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the array light source 30 is a light source in other array forms, such as a circular array
  • the light source displacement module 40 can move the light spot along a circular track.
  • Sm is the displacement stroke of the first displacement module along the first direction
  • Sn is the displacement stroke of the second displacement module along the second direction
  • the first direction is the horizontal direction
  • the second direction is Vertically.
  • VSYNC and HSYNC are the timings of driving voltages (currents) in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively.
  • the first displacement module and the second displacement module are both stepper scanning devices
  • the first displacement module and the second displacement module include but are not limited to piezoelectric devices such as stepping piezoelectric motors and fast piezoelectric deflection stages etc., it can also be an acousto-optic device such as an acousto-optic deflector and the like.
  • the time for each step of the first displacement module to move is the same, so as to ensure uniform brightness of the pixels. In other embodiments, the time for each step of the first displacement module to move may also be different.
  • the subframes in this embodiment are arranged in an m*n array, and the light spots corresponding to each light source are expanded into m*n light spots closely arranged corresponding to the subframes through time division multiplexing.
  • the specific expansion steps are: from T1 to During the time period of T2, when the driving voltage (current) drives the first displacement module to move m steps in the first direction, the driving voltage (current) drives the second displacement module to move one step in the second direction; in the time period from T2 to T3 Then the driving voltage (current) drives the first displacement module to move m steps in the opposite direction to the first direction, and the driving voltage (current) drives the second displacement module to move one step in the second direction; after 2*Tn, the light spot returns to To the origin, the scanning of one frame of image is completed. After the array light source 30 is scanned in this way, the light spot of the M*N array light source 30 can be scanned into a light spot with mM*nN pixel points densely arranged.
  • the array light source 30 is a continuous light source
  • the first displacement module is a continuous scanning device
  • the first displacement module includes but is not limited to piezoelectric devices such as piezoelectric translation stages or fast piezoelectric deflection stages; acousto-optic devices such as Acousto-optic deflector or voice coil motor, etc.
  • the second displacement module is a stepping scanning device
  • the second displacement module includes but is not limited to piezoelectric devices such as stepping piezoelectric motors and fast piezoelectric deflection stages, etc., and can also be acousto-optical Devices such as acousto-optic deflectors, etc.
  • the subframes are arranged in an m*n array, and when the first displacement module moves continuously in the first direction by a distance of m steps, the second displacement module moves one step in the second direction.
  • the scanning speed of the first displacement module can be a constant value, which can ensure that the brightness of each pixel is constant.
  • the light source is a pulsed light source. Assuming that the pulse frequency of the light source is much greater than the sampling frequency, the grayscale of each pixel is controlled by controlling the value of ⁇ tsj/ ⁇ tj (that is, the duty cycle of each spot). At this point, PWM modulation of the light source is no longer required.
  • the control frequency of the light source displacement module 40 is reduced by sampling the current of the light source, so the devices that can be used include but are not limited to piezoelectric devices such as piezoelectric level translation stage, fast piezoelectric deflection stage or acoustic Optical devices such as acousto-optic deflectors, voice coil motors, etc.
  • the displacement of the second displacement module in the second direction is very small every time the first displacement module reciprocates in the first direction, only about half a pixel.
  • the light spot has a certain size, so the displacement of the second displacement module in the second direction can be approximately regarded as a step-and-scan motion.
  • the control of the scanning device and the sampling method of the light source are similar to the step-and-continuous scanning scheme, which will not be repeated here.
  • the light source displacement module 40 displaces the light spot by means of beam deflection.
  • the deflection or translation of the light beam can be realized by deflecting some optical devices such as the light source itself, a reflective surface or a refractive surface and other optical path guiding elements. , the movement of the light spot can also be realized.
  • the display device 100 further includes a light source brightness control module 50 for controlling the brightness of each light spot to control the grayscale of each pixel in each subframe.
  • the light source brightness control module 50 is electrically connected to the plurality of electrodes, so as to control the brightness of each light spot by controlling the voltage or current of the plurality of electrodes. Specifically, after receiving the image signal generated by the video signal module 10 after being decoded by the image processing module 20, the light source brightness control module 50 controls the brightness of the light source at each spot position to achieve different grayscales, thereby completing a sub-frame Image control.
  • the light source brightness control module 50 controls the array light source 30 according to the grayscale corresponding to this subframe, so that the grayscale distribution of the corresponding subframe is displayed on the image, and so on, the brightness of the image on the screen can be realized. control. Since the light spot corresponding to a single light source only needs to cover a certain area in the overall image, the control bandwidth of the light source brightness control module 50 can be effectively reduced.
  • control of the brightness of the light spot by the light source brightness control module 50 and the movement of the light spot by the light source displacement module 40 are performed synchronously, that is to say, after adjusting the brightness of one of the light spots, the brightness of the next light spot is adjusted. Adjust until all the light spots displayed in the timing sequence are adjusted, which can effectively improve the uniformity of image display.
  • the display device 100 further includes a light combining module 70 .
  • the light combining module 70 is located between the array light source 30 and the imaging module 60 and is used to combine multiple light spots, and the combined light spots pass through the imaging module 60 . and finally imaged on the screen.
  • the display device 100 provided by the present invention arranges the light spots of the sparse array light sources 30 into the close-packed array light sources 30 corresponding to the pixels in the image of the video signal module 10, so as to display a high-resolution variable dot matrix or variable Structured light and display high-brightness, high-resolution images.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种显示装置，包括图像处理模块、阵列光源、光源位移模块和成像模块，图像处理模块用于将一帧图像拆分成多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧，每个子帧包括多个像素。阵列光源包括阵列排布的多个光源，多个光源用于一一对应地形成多个光斑，多个光斑对应多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧。光源位移模块用于移动多个光斑，以将每个光斑排列成与多个像素对应的多个时序显示的光斑。成像模块用于使每个子帧在屏幕成像。本发明提供的显示装置将稀疏阵列光源的光斑排列成与视频信号模块的图像中的像素对应的密排阵列光源，以显示高分辨率的可变点阵或者可变结构光，并且显示高亮度高分辨率的图像。

Description

显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及光学技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种显示装置。
背景技术
随着光学技术的发展，3D成像及显示技术也越来越成熟。现有的显示技术主要包括以下三种：一种是基于激光扫描显示方案，现有的光束扫描图像显示方案主要以激光作为主要光源，用光调制器来调制光束光强。常见的光调制器有电光调制和声光调制。三色激光经过加载了视频信号的调制器之后变成带有视频信号的不同光强的激光束，再经过光学薄膜的合色系统，合成一束光束。接着进入X-Y扫描系统。该方案使用光调制器，系统的功耗和体积较大；由于采用的激光光源数量少，对调制器和扫描设备的控制带宽要求大，图像的分辨率较低，所获得的视场角小，且存在较强的散斑效应。一种是基于DLP(Digital Light Processing，数字光处理)XPR fast-switching技术，XPR fast-switching技术应用人眼视觉暂留的原理，通过对DMD实施像素级别的微振动，实现提高分辨率的效果。但是XPR技术所能复制的像素点个数有限，因此要获得高分辨率，需要较高分辨率的原生像素的DMD芯片，成本较高。另一种是基于多面体反射镜扫描器，多面体反射镜主要由3个以上小反射镜组成的旋转光学元件，适用于单向扫描、高扫描速率、大孔径、大扫描角以及高通量的情景。大多数应用中，多面体反射镜扫描器是匹配另一种进行光束控制或目标运动的技术，从而形成第二根轴，达到重复扫描的功能。然而由于光束角分辨率的限制，多面体扫描镜的大小和成像分辨率存在正相关。如果要获得高的分辨率，所需要的多面体扫描器体积较大，镜头的尺寸也会变大，整个系统体积大，成本高。以上三种现有方案均无法满足生产需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种显示装置，以解决上述问题。本发明实施例通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的。
本发明提供一种显示装置，包括图像处理模块、阵列光源、光源位移模块和成像模块，图像处理模块用于将一帧图像拆分成多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧，每个子帧包括多个像素。阵列光源包括阵列排布的多个光源，多个光源用于一一对应地形成多个光斑，多个光斑对应多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧。光源位移模块用于移动多个光斑，以将每个光斑排列成与多个像素对应的多个时序显示的光斑。成像模块用于使每个子帧在屏幕成像。
在一种实施方式中，显示装置还包括光源亮度控制模块，光源亮度控制模块用于控制每个光斑在每个时序的亮度以控制每个子帧中每个像素的灰度。
在一种实施方式中，光源为脉冲光源，通过控制每个光斑的占空比来控制每个像素的灰度。
在一种实施方式中，多个时序显示的光斑中的相邻两个光斑之间至少部分重合。
在一种实施方式中，显示装置还包括与图像处理模块电连接的视频信号模块，图像处理模块还用于从视频信号模块接收图像，并对图像进行解码处理。
在一种实施方式中，光源位移模块包括第一位移模块和第二位移模块，第一位移模块用于在第一方向移动光斑，第二位移模块用于在与第一方向垂直的第二方向移动光斑。
在一种实施方式中，光源位移模块通过偏转光束的方式使光斑产生位移。
在一种实施方式中，第一位移模块为连续扫描器件，第二位移模块为步进扫描器件。
在一种实施方式中，第一位移模块和第二位移模块均为步进扫描器件。
在一种实施方式中，显示装置还包括合光模块，合光模块位于阵列光源和成像模块之间，用于对多个光斑进行合光。
相较于现有技术，本发明提供的显示装置通过光源位移模块实现稀疏阵列光源光斑的移动，将稀疏阵列光源的光斑排列成与视频信号模块的图像中的像素对应的密排阵列光源，以显示高分辨率的可变点阵或者可变结构光，并且显示高亮度高分辨率的图像。
本发明的这些方面或其他方面在以下实施例的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例提供的图像拆帧示意图。
图3是本发明实施例提供的阵列光源的光斑分布及扫描后的光斑分布示意图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的光源位移模块的位移及驱动电压(电流)时序图。
图5是本发明实施例提供的光源位移模块的位移及光源采样频率(扫描速度为定值)时序图。
图6是本发明实施例提供的光源位移模块的位移及光源采样频率(扫描速度不为定值)时序图。
图7是本发明一种实施方式提供的显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本实施例，下面将参照相关附图对本实施例进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种显示装置100，包括图像处理模块20、阵列光源30、光源位移模块40和成像模块60，图像处理模块20用于将一帧图像拆分成多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧，每个子帧包括多个像素。阵列光源30用于形成多个光斑，多个光斑对应多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧。光源位移模块40用于移动多个光斑，以将每个光斑排列成与多个像素对应的多个时序显示的光斑。成像模块60用于使每个子帧在屏幕成像。
显示装置100还包括与图像处理模块20电连接的视频信号模块10，图像处 理模块20还用于从视频信号模块10接收图像，并对图像进行解码处理。具体地，图像处理模块20可以将视频信号模块10解码并生成图像信号，图像信号可以用于控制每个光斑的亮度，从而完成对一个子帧图像的亮度控制。图像处理模块20还用于对图像进行拆分成多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧，其中，时分复用指的是通过同一元件在不同时段来传输不同的信号，以达到多路传输的目的。如图2所示，作为一种示例，图像处理模块20将一帧图像拆分成2*2个子帧。在一帧的各个时间点内，各像素点依次位于所在显示区域的位置1，2，3，4，例如，在t1时刻像素点位于位置1处，在t2时刻像素点位于位置2处，以此类推。以使2*2的像素区域在整体上形成4*4个像素区域。
请参阅图3，阵列光源30包括阵列排布的多个光源，多个光源为连续光源，用于一一对应地形成多个光斑。在本实施例中，阵列光源30排列成M*N的点阵，通过光学成像镜头，可以在屏幕上实现M*N个稀疏像素点。本发明需要将每个光源对应的光斑通过时分复用扩展成密排的m*n个时序显示的光斑，对应一帧图像中m*n个密排的像素，相应地，M*N个光斑可以通过时分复用扩展成密排的Mm*Nn个时序显示的光斑，以显示高分辨率的可变点阵或者可变结构光，并且显示高亮度高分辨率的图像。其中密排可以是扩展后的光斑恰好填充满相邻几个光源之间的空隙。由于整体分辨率通过光源阵列实现，因此可以有效降低单个光源的调制带宽。另外由于整体图像中的某个区域通过单个光源移动而成，因此可以有效提高图像均匀性，并且在阵列光源是激光时，通过扫描光斑也可有效减弱显示图像的散斑，提升成像质量。
阵列光源30包括但不限于VCSEL(Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser，垂直腔面发射激光)，EEL(Edge Emitting Laser，边缘发射激光器)，LED或者 Micro LED。
在其他实施方式中，多个时序显示的光斑中的相邻两个光斑之间至少部分重合。也就是说，相邻的光斑之间有交叠，这样设置可以避免由于光斑的亮度不足导致最终在屏幕上出现坏点，影响显示，并且交叠部分还可以增加显示亮度。当光斑以均匀的速度进行扩展时，交叠部分的尺寸可以相同，屏幕上显示的图像也更加均匀。
作为一种示例，像素点为理想的矩形光斑，其长宽分别为a和b。Gapa和Gapb分别为长度和宽度方向两个像素点边缘的间距。当Gapa和Gapb均大于0时，图像存在一定的占空比，占空比FF＝(a*b)/(a+Gapa)(b+Gapb)；当Gapa和Gapb等于0时，像素点密排，也就是相邻两个像素点之间没有间隙；当Gapa和Gapb均小于0时，像素点存在交叠，此时可以通过软件对视频信号模块10进行处理，实现更高的分辨率。
作为另一种示例，像素点为高斯光斑，当像素点为高斯光斑时，高斯光斑的光束能量分布为
Figure PCTCN2021106695-appb-000001
定义其光斑的长度a和宽度b分别为能量衰减到1/e时的宽度，分别为w0x和w0y，其控制驱动方式与矩形光斑类似，此处不再赘述。
阵列光源30还包括多个电极，多个电极与多个光源一一对应连接。其中电极类似于光源的开关，以实现对光源的亮度、开启和关闭以及其他性能进行控制。电极控制光源的亮度，而光源形成多个光斑，多个光斑与多个子帧一一对应，并且每个光斑可以排列成与多个像素对应的多个时序显示的光斑，因此通过控制各个单独的光源的亮度、开启和关闭也就可以控制显示图像中各个像素的亮度、开 启和关闭，从而可以实现图像的高对比度和高动态范围。
在本实施例中，光源位移模块40通过扫描的方式移动光斑。光源位移模块40可以为声光偏转器、音圈电机、步进压电马达以及压电偏转台中的一种。由于本发明实施例的光源为M*N的矩形点阵光源，因此可以对光源沿相互垂直的两个方向进行扫描。具体地，光源位移模块40包括第一位移模块和第二位移模块，第一位移模块用于在第一方向移动光斑，第二位移模块用于在与第一方向垂直的第二方向移动光斑。在其他实施方式中，当阵列光源30为其他阵列形式的光源时，例如为圆形阵列时，光源位移模块40可以沿着圆形轨迹移动光斑。
请参阅图4，Sm为第一位移模块沿第一方向的位移行程，Sn为第二位移模块沿第二方向的位移行程，在本实施例中，第一方向为水平方向，第二方向为竖直方向。VSYNC和HSYNC分别为垂直和水平两个方向驱动电压(电流)的时序。在本实施例中，第一位移模块和第二位移模块均为步进扫描器件，第一位移模块和第二位移模块包含但不限于压电器件例如步进压电马达以及快速压电偏转台等，还可以是声光器件例如声光偏转器等。由于这些器件响应时间为几十微秒到几微秒，因此可以实现高分辨率的步进扫描。在本实施例中，第一位移模块移动每一步的时间相同，确保像素点的亮度均匀。在其他实施方式中，第一位移模块移动每一步的时间也可以不相同。本实施例的子帧按m*n阵列进行排布，将每个光源对应的光斑通过时分复用扩展成与子帧对应密排的m*n个光斑，具体的扩展步骤为：在T1到T2的时间段内，当驱动电压(电流)驱动第一位移模块沿第一方向移动m步时，驱动电压(电流)驱动第二位移模块沿第二方向移动一步；在T2到T3的时间段内然后驱动电压(电流)驱动第一位移模块沿与第一方向相反的方向移动m步，驱动电压(电流)驱动第二位移模块沿第二方向移动一 步；经过了2*Tn后，光斑回到原点，至此完成一帧图像的扫描。对阵列光源30采用这种方式扫描之后，可以将M*N的阵列光源30的光斑扫描成mM*nN个像素点密排的光斑。
请参阅图5，假设光斑的中心间距为△x时能够获得所需要的分辨率，假设移动△x所需要的时间为△t，则v＝△x/△t，扫描频率fscanning＝1/△t＝v/△x。此时只需要电流采样频率fsampling≥fscanning就可以实现扫描显示，在每个电流采样频率内的灰度的显示可以通过PWM(Pulse width modulation，脉冲宽度调制)控制实现，△ts决定了像素的横向占空比，当△ts≤△t时，占空比约为△ts/△t。在一种实施方式中，阵列光源30为连续光源，第一位移模块为连续扫描器件，第一位移模块包括但不限于压电器件例如压电平移台或快速压电偏转台；声光器件例如声光偏转器或音圈电机等；第二位移模块为步进扫描器件，第二位移模块包含但不限于压电器件例如步进压电马达以及快速压电偏转台等，还可以是声光器件例如声光偏转器等。子帧按m*n阵列进行排布，当第一位移模块沿第一方向连续移动m步的距离时，第二位移模块沿第二方向移动一步。在本实施方式中，第一位移模块的扫描速度可以为定值，可以保证每个像素点的亮度恒定。
请参阅图6，在其他实施方式中，第一位移模块的扫描速度还可以不为定值，可以通过改变光源电流采样频率来保证像素点的亮度恒定，例如选取采样时间为t1，t2，……ti，保证△x1＝△x2＝……＝△xi，并且△tsj/△tj为定值，也可以保证每个像素点的亮度恒定。
在一种实施方式中，光源为脉冲光源，假设光源的脉冲频率远大于采样频率，通过控制△tsj/△tj的值(即每个光斑的占空比)来控制每个像素的灰度，此时不再需要对光源进行PWM调制。
当两个维度均为连续扫描时，通过对光源的电流采样降低光源位移模块40的控制频率，因此可以使用的器件包括但不限于压电器件例如压电平移台、快速压电偏转台或者声光器件例如声光偏转器、音圈电机等。
由于第二位移模块沿第二方向的扫描速度较慢，第一位移模块沿第一方向每次往返时第二位移模块在第二方向上的位移量很小，仅约半个像素，考虑到光斑有一定的大小，因此可以将第二位移模块在第二方向上的位移近似看成步进扫描运动。此时扫描器件的控制以及光源的采样方法与步进+连续扫描方案类似，此处不再重复叙述。
在其他实施方式中，光源位移模块40通过光束偏转的方式使光斑产生位移，具体地，可以通过偏转一些光学器件例如光源本身、反射面或者折射面等光路指引元件，来实现光束的偏转或平移，同样可以实现光斑的移动。
请参阅图7，在本实施例中，显示装置100还包括光源亮度控制模块50，光源亮度控制模块50用于控制每个光斑的亮度以控制每个子帧中每个像素的灰度。光源亮度控制模块50与多个电极电性连接，以通过控制多个电极的电压或电流从而控制每个光斑的亮度。具体地，光源亮度控制模块50在接收到视频信号模块10经过图像处理模块20解码后生成的图像信号后，控制光源在每个光斑位置的亮暗实现不同的灰度，从而完成对一个子帧图像的调控。到另外一个子帧时，光源亮度控制模块50按照本子帧对应的灰度对阵列光源30进行控制，使得图像上显示对应子帧灰度分布，以此类推，可以实现对屏幕上的图像进行亮度的控制。由于单个光源对应的光斑只需覆盖整体图像中的某个区域，因此可以有效降低光源亮度控制模块50的控制带宽。
在本实施例中，光源亮度控制模块50对光斑的亮度的控制与光源位移模块 40对光斑的移动是同步进行的，也就是说对其中一个光斑的亮度调节之后再对下一个光斑的亮度进行调节，直至调节完所有的时序显示的光斑，这样可以有效提高图像显示的均匀性。
在其他实施方式中，显示装置100还包括合光模块70，合光模块70位于阵列光源30和成像模块60之间，用于对多个光斑进行合光，合光后的光斑经过成像模块60后最终在屏幕上成像。
综上，本发明提供的显示装置100将稀疏阵列光源30的光斑排列成与视频信号模块10的图像中的像素对应的密排阵列光源30，以显示高分辨率的可变点阵或者可变结构光，并且显示高亮度高分辨率的图像。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
    图像处理模块，用于将一帧图像拆分成多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧，每个子帧包括多个像素；
    阵列光源，包括阵列排布的多个光源，所述多个光源用于一一对应地形成多个光斑，所述多个光斑对应所述多个以时分复用方式显示的子帧；
    光源位移模块，用于移动所述多个光斑，以将每个所述光斑排列成与所述多个像素对应的多个时序显示的光斑；及
    成像模块，用于使所述每个子帧在屏幕成像。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置还包括光源亮度控制模块，所述光源亮度控制模块用于控制每个光斑在每个时序的亮度以控制所述每个子帧中每个所述像素的灰度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述光源为脉冲光源，通过控制所述每个光斑的占空比来控制每个像素的灰度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述多个时序显示的光斑中的相邻两个光斑之间至少部分重合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置还包括与所述图像处理模块电连接的视频信号模块，所述图像处理模块还用于从所述视频信号模块接收所述图像，并对所述图像进行解码处理。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述光源位移模块包括第一位移模块和第二位移模块，所述第一位移模块用于在第一方向移动所述光斑，所述第二位移模块用于在与所述第一方向垂直的第二方向移动所述光斑。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述光源位移模块通过偏转光束的方式使所述光斑产生位移。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一位移模块为连续扫描器件，所述第二位移模块为步进扫描器件。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一位移模块和所述第二位移模块均为步进扫描器件。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置还包括合光模块，所述合光模块位于所述阵列光源和所述成像模块之间，用于对所述多个光斑进行合光。
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