WO2022017225A1 - 报文发送方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

报文发送方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022017225A1
WO2022017225A1 PCT/CN2021/106029 CN2021106029W WO2022017225A1 WO 2022017225 A1 WO2022017225 A1 WO 2022017225A1 CN 2021106029 W CN2021106029 W CN 2021106029W WO 2022017225 A1 WO2022017225 A1 WO 2022017225A1
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Prior art keywords
packet
devices
esi
mac address
switched
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PCT/CN2021/106029
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李灵帅
付叶伟
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP21846331.3A priority Critical patent/EP4175208A4/en
Publication of WO2022017225A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022017225A1/zh
Priority to US18/158,272 priority patent/US20230164070A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/02—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for separating internal from external traffic, e.g. firewalls
    • H04L63/0272—Virtual private networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/66—Layer 2 routing, e.g. in Ethernet based MAN's
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/33—Flow control; Congestion control using forward notification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/765—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points
    • H04L47/767—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points after changing the attachment point, e.g. after hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/55—Prevention, detection or correction of errors
    • H04L49/557—Error correction, e.g. fault recovery or fault tolerance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/40—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/765—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of Ethernet virtual private network (EVPN), and in particular, to a message sending method, device and system.
  • EVPN Ethernet virtual private network
  • a customer edge (CE) device can be connected to multiple provider edge (PE) devices in the EVPN network through multiple links, that is, a CE can belong to on multiple PEs.
  • PE provider edge
  • one PE device needs to be elected as a designated forwarder (designated forwarder, DF) device among multiple PE devices connected to the same CE.
  • the DF device is responsible for forwarding the packets from the CE device or the packets sent to the CE device, and other PE devices other than the DF device cannot forward the packets from the CE device or the packets sent to the CE device.
  • the link between the DF device and the CE device fails, multiple PE devices can re-elect a new DF device.
  • the CE device supports the connection fault management (connectivity fault management, CFM) protocol
  • CFM connection fault management
  • the CE device cannot receive packets from the DF device.
  • the device can sense the link failure in time based on the CFM protocol, and then can clear the MAC entry of the faulty interface, and send packets to multiple PEs connected to it by broadcasting. In this way, the new DF device can receive and forward packets from the CE device, thereby avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • CFM connection fault management
  • the link between the DF device and the CE device is faulty, and the CE device cannot receive packets from the network side, if the new DF device does not forward packets to the CE device, the CE device If the device does not refresh its MAC entry, the CE device will continue to send packets to the original DF device, which will interrupt the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • the present application provides a message sending method, device and system, which can solve the technical problem in the related art that CE devices that do not support the CFM protocol cannot sense link failures in time, resulting in interruption of uplink traffic.
  • a method for sending a message includes: after the first PE device determines that the designated forwarder DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device, sending a first PE device to the second PE device message to instruct the second PE device to forward the first message to the CE device, where the second PE device and the first PE device are connected to the same CE device, and the source medium of the first message
  • the access control (media access control, MAC) address is the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the first PE device.
  • the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time after receiving the first packet forwarded by the second PE device, and send the packet to the destination network device to the second PE device based on the MAC entry. Furthermore, the packet from the CE device can be forwarded by the second PE device switched to the DF device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device. Specifically, after receiving the first packet, the CE device may determine, according to the first packet, that the packet can be sent to the destination network device through the port connecting the CE device and the second PE device.
  • the destination network device may be a CE device connected to the remote PE device, or a user equipment mounted under the CE device connected to the remote PE device, or the like.
  • the first PE device may further determine that the DF device is switched back to the first PE device by the second PE device, Send a second packet to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the second packet is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the CE device may generate or update a MAC entry in time, and send a packet to the first PE device based on the MAC entry. Furthermore, the first PE device switched back to the DF device can forward the packet from the CE device to the destination network device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • the first packet does not include an Ethernet segment identifier (Ethernet segment identifier, ESI); or, the first packet includes an ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value that is different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment. value, the target Ethernet segment is the Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • Ethernet segment identifier Ethernet segment identifier, ESI
  • the target Ethernet segment is the Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • the second PE device does not forward the first packet to the CE device due to the split horizon mechanism, that is, it can be ensured that the second PE can forward the first packet to the CE device.
  • the first packet and/or the second packet are broadcast packets.
  • it can ensure that the CE device only generates or updates the MAC entry based on the broadcast packet without affecting the normal service processing of the CE device. , and there is no need to change the CE equipment's packet identification and processing behavior.
  • the first PE device may send the first packet to the second PE device after the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device for a preset duration.
  • the second PE device After the second PE device is switched to the DF device, it usually takes a certain preparation time to forward the packet. Therefore, the first PE device can wait for a preset period of time before sending the first packet to ensure that the second PE device is receiving the packet. After the first packet, the first packet can be successfully sent to other network devices by means of broadcasting or the like.
  • the method may further include: the first PE device enables, according to the acquired first instruction, to send the first packet to the second PE device.
  • One message capability the first PE device enables, according to the acquired first instruction, to send the first packet to the second PE device.
  • the method may further include: the first PE device, according to the acquired second instruction, enables the first PE device to send the second packet to the CE device. ability.
  • each of the above-mentioned first instructions and second instructions may be configured in the first PE device by the operation and maintenance personnel through command lines, or may also be issued by the control device to the first PE equipment.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device are devices of different manufacturers.
  • the two PE devices are devices of different manufacturers
  • only the first PE device may be enabled to obtain the first instruction and the second instruction, that is, only the first PE device may be enabled to send the first packet and the second packet
  • the second PE device does not need to enable or support the ability to send the first packet and the second packet. Therefore, not only the complexity of configuration can be reduced, but also after the first PE device is networked with the second PE device of other different manufacturers, it can be ensured that the CE device can sense the switching of the DF device in time.
  • the first PE device that was the DF device before the failure may be, for example, a device that supports sending packets of the first packet and the second packet type, and the second PE device acts as another The device of the manufacturer may not support sending packets of the first packet and the second packet type.
  • the method may further include: the first PE device determining that the first PE device is used to communicate with the CE device The connected port is faulty; or, the first PE device determines that a port used by the first PE device to connect with other network devices is faulty; or, the first PE device determines that the other network device is faulty, wherein the other network device is faulty
  • the network device is connected to the CE device, and the connection between the other network device and the CE device may be a direct connection or an indirect connection.
  • the first PE device can trigger the switching of the DF device when a single-fiber fault occurs between the first PE device and the CE device.
  • the CE device cannot perceive the single-fiber failure, and can also send a packet to the first PE device.
  • the CE device since the second PE device can forward the first packet from the first PE device to the CE device, the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time based on the first packet, that is, the CE device The switching of the DF device can be sensed in time based on the first packet, and a packet or traffic can be sent to the remote end through the newly elected DF device.
  • a method for sending a packet includes: a first PE device determines that a DF device is switched from a second PE device to the first PE device, wherein the second PE device and the first PE device Connect to the same CE device; the first PE device is switched from the second PE device to the first PE device according to the DF device, and sends a first packet to the CE device, and the source MAC address of the first packet is The MAC address of the destination network device learned by the first PE device.
  • the first PE device determines that the DF device is switched from the second PE device to the first PE device, it can directly send the first packet to the CE device to ensure that The CE device generates or updates the MAC entry in time according to the received first message, so as to ensure normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoid interruption of the upstream traffic forwarded by the CE device.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device described in the second aspect may also belong to different manufacturers.
  • the first PE device that was used as the backup DF device before the failure may, for example, support sending A device that transmits packets of the first and second packet types, but the second PE device, as a device of another manufacturer, may not support sending packets of the first and second packet types.
  • the first PE device becomes the DF device, and can send the first packet to the CE device according to the enabled corresponding capability.
  • the method may further include: the first PE device determining that the DF device is switched back to the second PE device by the first PE device; The first PE device sends a second packet to the second PE device, the second packet is used to instruct the second PE device to send the second packet to the CE device, and the source MAC address of the second packet is The MAC address of the network device for this purpose.
  • the second packet does not include ESI; or, the second packet includes ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment, and the target Ethernet segment is the first The Ethernet segment to which the link between a PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • the first packet and/or the second packet are broadcast packets.
  • the method may further include: before the first PE device sends the first packet to the CE device, enabling the first PE device to send the first packet to the CE device according to the acquired first instruction ability to write.
  • the method further includes: before the first PE device sends the second packet to the second PE device, enabling the first PE device to send the second message to the second PE device according to the acquired second instruction The capability of the second message.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device belong to devices of different manufacturers; or, the first PE device and the second PE device belong to devices of the same manufacturer.
  • both the first PE device and the second PE device can be enabled with the capability of sending the first packet without enabling the capability of sending the second packet. Therefore, when any one of the first PE device and the second PE device is switched to the DF device, the DF device can directly send the first packet to the CE device. Because another PE device does not need to forward the first packet, the efficiency of sending the first packet can be improved, and the network resources occupied in the process of sending the first packet can be reduced.
  • a PE device where the PE device is a first PE device, and the first PE device includes:
  • a first determining module configured to determine that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device, wherein the second PE device and the first PE device are connected to the same user edge CE device;
  • a sending module configured to send a first message to the second PE device to instruct the second PE device to forward the first message to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the first message is the first PE The MAC address of the destination network device learned by the device.
  • the first determining module is further configured to, after the sending module sends the first packet to the second PE device, determine that the DF device is switched back to the first PE device by the second PE device;
  • the sending module is further configured to send a second packet to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the second packet is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the first packet does not include an Ethernet segment identifier ESI; or, the first packet includes an ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment, the target Ethernet The segment is the Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • the first packet and/or the second packet are broadcast packets.
  • the sending module is configured to send the first packet to the second PE device after the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device for a preset duration.
  • the first PE device further includes:
  • An enabling module configured to enable the capability of sending the first message to the second PE device according to the acquired instruction before the sending module sends the first message to the second PE device.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device are devices of different manufacturers.
  • the first PE device includes:
  • a second determination module configured to determine that the port used by the first PE device to connect with the CE device is faulty before the first determination module determines that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device; or, It is determined that a port used by the first PE device to connect with other network devices is faulty, or it is determined that the other network devices are faulty, wherein the other network devices are connected to the CE device.
  • a PE device where the PE device is a first PE device, and the first PE device includes:
  • a determining module configured to determine that the DF device is switched from the second PE device to the first PE device, wherein the second PE device and the first PE device are connected to the same user edge CE device;
  • a sending module configured to switch from the second PE device to the first PE device according to the DF device, and send a first message to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the first message is learned by the first PE device The MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the determining module is further configured to, after the sending module sends the first packet to the CE device, determine that the DF device is switched back to the second PE device by the first PE device;
  • the sending module is further configured to send a second message to the second PE device, where the second message is used to instruct the second PE device to send the second message to the CE device, the source of the second message
  • the MAC address is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the second packet does not include an Ethernet segment identifier ESI; or, the second packet includes an ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment, the target Ethernet The segment is the Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • the first packet and/or the second packet are broadcast packets.
  • the first PE device further includes:
  • the first enabling module is configured to enable the capability of sending the first message to the CE device according to the acquired first instruction before the sending module sends the first message to the CE device.
  • the first PE device further includes:
  • the second enabling module is configured to enable the capability of sending the second message to the second PE device according to the acquired second instruction before the sending module sends the second message to the second PE device.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device belong to devices of different manufacturers; or, the first PE device and the second PE device belong to devices of the same manufacturer.
  • a PE device comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the PE device to execute the above-mentioned The message sending method provided by any aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the method for sending a message provided in any of the foregoing aspects is implemented.
  • a computer program product containing instructions, when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer program product causes the computer to execute the message sending method provided in any of the above aspects.
  • a communication system in an eighth aspect, includes: a CE device, and a first PE device connected to the CE device, where the first PE device is the first PE device provided in any of the foregoing aspects.
  • the communication system further includes one or more other PE devices, and the one or more PE devices and the first PE device jointly serve as a multi-homed PE device of the CE device.
  • the present application provides a packet sending method, device and system.
  • the first PE device may send the first packet to the second PE device, so that the second PE device forwards the first packet to the CE device.
  • the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time based on the first packet forwarded by the second PE device, and can send a packet to the second PE device based on the MAC entry.
  • the second PE device switched to the DF device can forward the packet from the CE device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an EVPN network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another EVPN network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a message sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another first message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another message sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of still another PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of still another PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • references herein to "a plurality” means two or more.
  • “/” means or means, for example, A/B can mean A or B;
  • "and/or” in this text is only a relationship to describe the related objects, Indicates that three relationships can exist, for example, A and/or B, can represent: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art can understand that the words “first”, “second” and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first”, “second” and the like are not necessarily different.
  • EVPN is a layer-2 network interconnection technology with the advantages of simple deployment and strong scalability.
  • EVPN advertises information such as MAC addresses of network devices based on the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) protocol, and forwards Layer 2 packets through the generated MAC entries to achieve Layer 2 network interconnection.
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • EVPN defines a set of common control planes to realize the separation of data plane and control plane. Among them, the control plane is responsible for publishing routing information, and the data plane is responsible for forwarding packets. The division of labor is clear and easy to manage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an EVPN network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the EVPN network may include multiple PE devices and multiple CE devices.
  • FIG. 1 shows three PE devices, PE1, PE2, and PE3, and two CE devices, CE1 and CE2.
  • the PE device and the CE device may both be network devices such as routers or switches.
  • the PE device may be a router, and the CE device may be a switch.
  • CE devices may belong to different virtual extensible local area networks (VXLAN).
  • VXLAN virtual extensible local area networks
  • CE devices belonging to the same VXLAN are in the same logical Layer 2 network, and communicate with each other at Layer 2.
  • CE devices belonging to different VXLANs are isolated at Layer 2.
  • each CE device can establish a communication connection with at least one PE device, and the CE device and the PE device can be directly connected, or can also be connected through other network devices (eg, switches).
  • Each CE device can also be connected with at least one user terminal (terminal), that is, each CE device can mount at least one user terminal.
  • the user terminal may also be referred to as a host or user equipment, and the user terminal may be a computer, a wireless terminal device, or a terminal device such as a virtual machine (virtual machine, VM) created on a server.
  • VM virtual machine
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another EVPN network provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • E-LAN Ethernet-local area network
  • E-tree Ethernet-tree
  • PE devices can pass the aggregation layer (AGG, AGG) between them. ) router connection.
  • AGG Ethernet-local area network
  • AGG Ethernet-tree
  • PE1 can be connected to PE3 through AGG1, AGG2, AGG3, and AGG4.
  • Ethernet virtual connection (EVC) sub-interface of each PE device is used as an access (access, AC) side interface (also called a port), and is configured with a bridge domain (bridge domain, BD) mode.
  • AC side refers to the side where the PE device is used to connect with the CE device.
  • the networking type of EVPN network can be divided into two types: CE multi-homing and CE single-homing.
  • CE2 and PE3 and the connection form between CE3 and PE4 belong to the CE single-homing networking type, that is, one CE device is only connected to one PE device.
  • the connection form between CE1 and PE1 and PE2 belongs to the CE multi-homing networking type, that is, one CE device is connected to multiple PE devices.
  • each CE device is connected to different PE devices through multiple links, and these links constitute an Ethernet segment (Ethernet segment, ES).
  • the ES can be uniquely identified by ESI.
  • the ESIs on multiple PE devices connected to the same CE device are the same, and the ESIs on PE devices connected to different CE devices are different.
  • the ESI may be configured on a physical port used by the PE device to connect with the CE device.
  • the Ethernet segment route is propagated between PE devices, the ESI is carried in the Ethernet segment route so that each PE device can perceive other PE devices connected to the same CE device.
  • the EVPN technology introduces a DF device election mechanism, that is, multiple PEs connected to the same CE device A PE device is designated as a DF device in the device.
  • a DF device In the single-active mode of the home network, only the DF device can forward packets from CE and packets to CE.
  • the packets sent from CE2 will only be forwarded from PE1 to CE1, and only PE1 can forward packets from CE1.
  • the PE device that is not elected as a DF device may be referred to as a non-DF device.
  • a PE device elected as a DF device may be referred to as a master DF device, and a PE device not elected as a DF device may be referred to as a backup DF device (or a backup DF device).
  • a master DF device a PE device not elected as a DF device
  • a backup DF device or a backup DF device.
  • the above single-active mode and the forwarding mechanism in this mode are used as a possible example application scenario, and the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may also be used in other possible reasonable application scenarios.
  • the PE device becomes the backup DF. If the state of the port connecting the PE device and the CE device is in the up state, the PE device and other PE devices whose port states are also in the active state can jointly elect a master DF device.
  • the election process can be as follows:
  • each PE device sends an Ethernet segment route to each other after establishing a neighbor relationship, and the Ethernet segment route carries the ESI.
  • each PE device generates a multi-homing PE list according to the ESI carried in the Ethernet segment route, and the multi-homing PE list includes information of all PE devices connected to the same CE device.
  • each PE device can obtain the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of other PE devices through the Ethernet segment route received from other PE devices, and perform the operations on the PE devices in the multi-homing PE list according to the order of IP addresses. Sort and assign serial numbers to each PE device sequentially starting from 0.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • each PE device may elect the PE device with the smallest IP address as the DF device, or each PE device may calculate the serial number of the PE device elected as the DF device according to a predetermined formula.
  • mod represents the modulo operation
  • i represents the serial number of the PE device elected as the DF device
  • N represents the number of PE devices that are multi-homed to the same CE device, that is, the number of PE devices connected to the same CE device
  • V represents ES The VLAN identification (ID) of the corresponding VLAN.
  • each PE device can determine which PE device the newly elected DF device is specifically.
  • the above DF election process is a possible example. In practical applications, other possible DF election mechanisms can also be used, as long as a new DF device can be determined through the election mechanism and the necessary network devices in the network can be enabled in some way. Just know.
  • the original DF may send the first packet to the re-elected DF device to instruct the re-elected DF device to forward the first packet to the CE device.
  • the source MAC address of the first packet is the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the original DF device.
  • the re-elected DF device may directly send a first packet to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the first packet is the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the re-elected DF device.
  • the CE device After the CE device receives the first packet sent by the re-elected DF device, it can generate a MAC entry or update the MAC entry according to the first packet, where the source of the first packet is recorded in the MAC entry The correspondence between the MAC address and the port that received the first packet (that is, the port used by the CE device to connect with the re-elected DF device). Afterwards, when the CE device needs to send a message to the destination network device, it can send the message to the re-elected DF device through the port used to connect with the re-elected DF device based on the corresponding relationship recorded in the MAC entry.
  • the DF device sends a packet, for example, the packet may belong to the traffic sent by the user equipment connected to the CE device.
  • the CE device can still sense the link failure in time even when the port serving as the DF device is still in the active (up) state before the CE device is used to connect to the fault, thereby ensuring that the upstream traffic sent from the CE device is normal. forwarding to avoid interruption of upstream traffic.
  • first and second in any of the following embodiments and concepts such as first and second in other embodiments are independent of each other, and do not have a corresponding relationship in a strict sense.
  • first PE device in one embodiment and the first PE device in another embodiment may not be used to indicate the same PE device.
  • the specific concepts will be explained one by one in the following embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a packet sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the packet sending method may be applied to a first PE device in an EVPN network adopting a CE multi-homing networking mode.
  • the EVPN network further includes a second PE device, and the first PE device and the second PE device are connected to the same CE device.
  • the first PE device may be PE1 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2
  • the second PE device may be PE2 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 .
  • the number of PE devices connected to the CE device is greater than 2
  • the first PE device and the second PE device can be any two PE devices among the multiple PE devices connected to the CE device. equipment.
  • the first PE device when the link between the first PE device and the CE device is normal, and the link between the second PE device and the CE device is normal, the first PE device is a DF device and the second PE device is a non-DF device.
  • the device is used as an example to illustrate. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes:
  • the first PE device enables the capability of sending the first packet to the second PE device according to the acquired first instruction, and enables the capability of sending the second packet to the CE device according to the acquired second instruction.
  • enabling the first PE device to send the first packet to the second PE device means: enabling the first PE device to generate the first packet after determining that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device The ability to send the first packet to the second PE device.
  • the ability of the first PE device to send the second packet to the CE device means: enabling the first PE device to generate a second packet and send it to the CE device after determining that the DF device is switched back to the first PE device from the second PE device. The capability of the device to send the second packet.
  • the first PE device For the first PE device, other PE devices (such as PE3 and PE4 in FIG. 2 ) that are not connected to the same CE device as the first PE device may also be referred to as remote devices of the first PE device , and other PE devices (for example, PE2 in FIG. 2 ) connected to the same CE device with the first PE device may also be referred to as multi-homing devices of the first PE device, and the CE device connected to the first PE device may also be It is called the access-side device of the first PE device. Therefore, enabling the ability to send the first packet to the second PE device may also be referred to as enabling the ability to send the first packet to the multi-homing device. Enabling the ability to send the second packet to the CE device may also be referred to as enabling the ability to send the second packet to the access-side device.
  • both the first instruction and the second instruction may be configured in the first PE device by an operation and maintenance personnel through a command line.
  • the first instruction and the second instruction may also be delivered to the first PE device by a control device (such as a controller) connected to the first PE device.
  • the first instruction may be the command line configured by the operation and maintenance personnel in the first PE device: df-change remote-mac-sender enable;
  • the second instruction may be the command configured by the operation and maintenance personnel in the first PE device Line: df-change local-mac-sender enable.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device may be devices of different manufacturers.
  • only the first PE device can be made to obtain the first instruction and the second instruction, thereby enabling the first PE device to send the first packet to the multi-homing device, and to send the second packet to the access-side device. message capability.
  • the second PE device does not need to obtain the first instruction and the second instruction, that is, the second PE device does not have the ability to send the first packet to the multi-homing device, and the ability to send the second packet to the access-side device. ability.
  • the packet sending capability of the device is a waste of network resources.
  • the CE device can sense the DF device in time after the first PE device is networked with other second PE devices of different manufacturers. switch.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device may also be devices of the same manufacturer.
  • only the first PE device may be made to acquire the first instruction and the second instruction, and the second PE device does not need to acquire the first instruction and the second instruction. That is, only the first PE device can generate and send the first packet and the second packet, and the second PE device is only used to forward the first packet.
  • both the first PE device and the second PE device may obtain the first instruction and the second instruction. Therefore, both the first PE device and the second PE device can generate and send the first packet, and both can generate and send the second packet.
  • this embodiment uses S301 to pre-configure and enable corresponding capabilities in the first PE device before the fault occurs, in practical applications, the execution timing of S301 can also be determined in combination with requirements or scenarios, such as in the first PE It will be executed when the device finds that the link is faulty or re-runs the DF election. Alternatively, in other possible situations, S301 may not be executed, but directly solidify the first PE device to have corresponding capabilities.
  • the first PE device determines that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device.
  • the first PE device is a DF device and the second PE device is a non-DF device
  • the first PE device detects that the link for sending packets to the CE device is faulty, it can trigger the re-election of the DF device
  • the process that is, the first PE device and one or more PE devices including the second PE device may jointly re-elect a new DF device. If the second PE device is elected as the new DF device, the first PE device may determine that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device.
  • the process of re-election of the DF device reference may be made to the above description, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first PE device may detect that the port used for connecting with the CE device is faulty, or, after detecting that the first PE device is used to communicate with other network devices (the other network devices are connected to the CE device)
  • the port to which the CE device is connected fails, or, when the failure of the other network device is detected, it is determined that the link sending the packet to the CE device is faulty, and the re-election process of the DF device is triggered. That is, when the first PE device triggers the re-election process of the DF device, the link for the CE device to send packets to the first PE device may be in a normal state, that is, the link between the CE device and the first PE device.
  • the fault is a single fiber fault. At this time, the state of the port used by the CE device to connect with the first PE device is still in the active state, and the CE device can also send a packet to the first PE device.
  • CE1 is dual-homed to PE1 and PE2, and PE1 is a DF device and PE2 is a non-DF device. Then, when PE1 detects that the port used for connecting with CE1 is faulty, it can trigger the re-election process of the DF device. If the re-elected DF device is PE2, PE1 can determine that the DF device is switched from PE1 to PE2.
  • the first PE device sends a first packet to the second PE device to instruct the second PE device to forward the first packet to the CE device.
  • the first PE device may generate a first packet and send the first packet to the second PE device a message.
  • the second PE device may then forward the first packet to the CE device.
  • the source MAC address of the first packet is the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the first PE device from other PE devices.
  • the CE device After the CE device receives the first packet forwarded by the second PE device, if the CE device does not store the MAC entry of the source MAC address, the CE device can generate a new MAC entry. If the MAC entry of the source MAC address is stored, the CE device can update the MAC entry. Wherein, as an example, when the CE device deletes the MAC entry of the source MAC address due to the aging of the source MAC address, or when a new network device is connected to the communication network, the CE device does not store the MAC address of the source MAC address. table entry. At this time, the CE device needs to generate a new MAC entry according to the source MAC address.
  • the generated or updated MAC entry records the correspondence between the source MAC address in the first packet and the port through which the CE device receives the first packet (ie, the port used by the CE device to connect with the second PE device). relation. Afterwards, when the CE device needs to send a message to the destination network device, it can send a message to the second PE device through the port connected to the second PE device based on the corresponding relationship recorded in the MAC entry.
  • the first PE device may learn the MAC address of the destination network device based on the MAC address advertisement route sent by other network devices and carrying the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the other PE device may be the second PE device, or may be a third PE device other than the second PE device.
  • the other PE device may be PE3 or PE4.
  • the destination network device may be a CE device connected to other PE devices, or the destination network device may also be a user terminal attached to CE devices connected to other PE devices.
  • the destination network device may be a user terminal attached to CE2 or CE3.
  • the first PE device may only send the first packet to the second PE device (ie, the newly elected DF device).
  • the first PE device may also send the first packet to every other PE device to which the CE device is multi-homed.
  • the second PE device except the second PE device can forward the first packet to the CE device.
  • Other PE devices other than the device can directly discard the first packet.
  • the first PE device can forward the BUM packet. to the second PE device connected to the CE device.
  • a split horizon mechanism is defined in the EVPN network. That is, after receiving the BUM packet sent by the first PE device, the second PE device will detect the ESI in the BUM packet. If the ESI in the BUM packet is the same as the target ESI, the second PE device will not The BUM packet is forwarded to the CE device to avoid loop formation.
  • the target ESI is the ESI of the ES to which the link between the second PE device and the CE device belongs. Since multiple PE devices connected to the same CE device can be called a redundant backup group, the above split horizon mechanism can also be understood as: after a PE device receives BUM packets forwarded by other PE devices in the same redundant backup group , do not forward the BUM packet to the ES with the same ESI identifier.
  • the second PE device in order to prevent the second PE device from being a PE device with split horizon capability enabled after receiving the first packet sent by the first PE device, it does not forward the packet to the CE device according to the split horizon mechanism.
  • the first packet may not include ESI.
  • the first packet includes ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment.
  • the target Ethernet segment is an Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs. For example, this special value can be 0.
  • the second PE device can normally forward the first packet to the CE device.
  • a tunnel may be established between the first PE device and the second PE device, and the first PE device may send the first packet to the second PE device through the tunnel.
  • the first packet may include a packet header, a source MAC (source MAC, SMAC) field for carrying the source MAC address, and a destination MAC (destination MAC, SMAC) for carrying the destination MAC address. DMAC) field and data (data) field D0.
  • the packet header may also be called a tunnel header.
  • the second PE device may decapsulate the first packet, remove the packet header, and then send the first packet after removing the packet header to the CE device.
  • PE1 may send the first packet to PE2, and after receiving the first packet, PE2 may remove the packet header in the first packet, and remove the packet header The first packet after that is forwarded to CE1.
  • the tunnel between the first PE and the second PE is a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) protocol tunnel
  • the first PE device can encapsulate the first packet based on the MPLS protocol.
  • MPLS multiprotocol label switching
  • the packet header in the first packet encapsulated based on the MPLS protocol may include an MPLS label (label) and an EVPN label, and the packet header does not include an ESI label for carrying ESI.
  • the tunnel between the first PE and the second PE is an SRv6 protocol tunnel.
  • SRv6 is a network bearer protocol that combines segment routing (SR) technology with the sixth generation Internet protocol (Internet protocol version 6, IPv6).
  • IPv6 Internet protocol version 6
  • the packet header in the first packet encapsulated based on the SRv6 protocol includes a destination IP field DIP for carrying the destination IPv6 address, and a source IP field SIP for carrying the source IPv6 address.
  • the DIP includes: a locator field, an END-D2TM field, and an argument (arguments, ARGS) field.
  • the location field is used to carry the routing prefix of the second PE device.
  • the END-D2TM field is used to identify the service type, that is, the END-D2TM field is used to identify a specific VPN and service type.
  • the ARGS field is used to carry ESI information.
  • the ARGS field may be filled with a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment. For example, this special value can be 0.
  • END-D2TM represents an endpoint segment identifier (SID) for Layer 2 cross-connection and broadcast flooding.
  • the first message may be a broadcast message.
  • each bit in the DMAC field of the broadcast message may be filled with a hexadecimal number F, that is, the destination MAC address in the first message may be all F.
  • the data field D0 in the first message can also be filled with any value.
  • the data field D0 may be filled with 0s.
  • the hardware layer of the second PE device usually needs a certain preparation time to refresh its entry before it can support forwarding the first packet to the CE device. . Therefore, the first PE device can send the first packet to the second PE device after the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device and reaches the preset time period, so as to ensure that the second PE device is receiving the first packet. After the first packet, the first packet can be successfully sent to other network devices by means of broadcasting or the like.
  • the preset duration may be a fixed duration pre-stored in the first PE device. Moreover, the preset duration may be configured by the operation and maintenance personnel through a command line, or may be delivered by the control device to the first PE device. For example, assuming that the preset duration is T0, the operation and maintenance personnel can configure the following command line in the first PE device: df-change remote-mac-sender delay-time T0.
  • the first PE device may send the first packet at a preset rate.
  • the preset rate may be configured by the operation and maintenance personnel through a command line, or may be delivered by the control device to the first PE device. For example, assuming that the preset rate is X0, the operation and maintenance personnel can configure the following command line in the first PE device: df-change send-packet rate X0.
  • the first PE device determines that the DF device is switched back to the first PE device by the second PE device.
  • the first PE device after the first PE device detects that the link between it and the CE device is restored from a fault, it can trigger the re-election process of the DF device again. After the first PE device and the second PE device elect the DF device again, the DF device can be switched back to the first PE device by the second PE device.
  • the DF device can be switched back to PE1 from PE2 .
  • the first PE device sends the second packet to the CE device.
  • the first PE device may generate a second packet after determining that the DF device is switched back to the first PE device by the second PE device.
  • the source MAC address of the second packet is the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the first PE device. Since the first PE device has been switched to the DF device, the first PE device can directly send the second packet to the CE device.
  • the CE device may generate a MAC entry or update the MAC entry according to the source MAC address in the second packet.
  • the generated or updated MAC entry records the correspondence between the source MAC address in the second packet and the port on which the CE device receives the second packet (that is, the port used by the CE device to connect with the first PE device). relation.
  • the CE device needs to send a message to the destination network device, it can send the message to the first PE device to the first PE device through the port connected to the first PE device based on the corresponding relationship recorded in the MAC entry.
  • the packet of the destination network device is a packet of the destination network device.
  • the second packet may also be a broadcast packet.
  • the destination MAC address in the second packet may be all F.
  • the Configure link flapping suppression on the AC-side interface of the PE device. Based on the link flapping suppression, the first PE device can avoid frequently triggering the re-election process of the DF device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a packet sending method. After determining that the DF device is switched to the second PE device, the first PE device can send the first packet to the second PE device, so that the first PE device can send the first packet to the second PE device.
  • the second PE device may forward the first packet to the CE device to which the two PE devices are commonly connected.
  • the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time based on the first packet forwarded by the second PE device, and can send a packet to the second PE device based on the MAC entry.
  • the second PE device switched to the DF device can forward the packet from the CE device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another method for sending a packet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method for sending a packet may be applied to a first PE device in an EVPN network that adopts a CE multi-homing networking mode.
  • the EVPN network further includes A second PE device, the first PE device and the second PE device are connected to the same CE device.
  • the first PE device may be PE2 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2
  • the second PE device may be PE1 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 .
  • the number of PE devices connected to the CE device is greater than 2
  • the first PE device and the second PE device can be any two PE devices among the multiple PE devices connected to the CE device. equipment.
  • the link between the first PE device and the CE device is normal, and the link between the second PE device and the CE device is normal, and the second PE device is a DF device.
  • the following embodiments do not limit the manufacturers to which the first PE device and the second PE device belong, that is, the first PE device and the second PE device may be devices of the same manufacturer, or may be devices of different manufacturers.
  • the method includes:
  • the first PE device enables the capability of sending the first packet to the CE device according to the acquired first instruction.
  • the first PE device enables the capability of sending the second packet to the second PE device according to the acquired second instruction.
  • the first PE device determines that the DF device is switched from the second PE device to the first PE device.
  • the second PE device is a DF device and the first PE device is a non-DF device
  • the second PE device detects that the link for sending packets to the CE device is faulty, it can trigger the re-election of the DF device Process.
  • the DF device can be switched from the second PE device to the first PE device.
  • the second PE device may detect that the port used to connect with the CE device fails, or detect that the second PE device is used to connect with other network devices (the other network devices are connected to the CE device). ) the connected port is faulty, or, when it is detected that the other network device is faulty, it is determined that the link sending the message to the CE device is faulty, and then the re-election process of the DF device can be triggered.
  • the first PE device is switched from the second PE device to the first PE device according to the DF device, and sends a first packet to the CE device.
  • the source MAC address of the first packet is the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the first PE device. Since the first PE device has been switched to the DF device, the first PE device can directly send the first packet to the CE device.
  • the first message may be a broadcast message.
  • the first PE device determines that the DF device is switched back to the second PE device by the first PE device.
  • the second PE device After the second PE device detects that the link between it and the CE device has recovered from the failure, it can trigger the re-election process of the DF device again. After the first PE device and the second PE device elect the DF device again, the DF device can be switched back to the second PE device by the first PE device.
  • the first PE device sends a second packet to the second PE device.
  • the first PE device may generate a second packet, and send the second packet to the second PE device.
  • the second packet is used to instruct the second PE device to send the second packet to the CE device, and the source MAC address of the second packet is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the second message may be a broadcast message.
  • the second packet may not include ESI.
  • the second packet includes ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment, where the target Ethernet segment belongs to the link between the first PE device and the CE device Ethernet segment.
  • the foregoing S602, S605, and S606 may be deleted according to the situation, and the second PE device may also execute the foregoing S601 and S603. and the method shown in S604. That is, when the first PE device and the second PE device are devices of the same manufacturer, both the first PE device and the second PE device can obtain the first instruction, so that each PE device can be enabled. The ability to send the first packet to the CE device. Moreover, each PE device does not need to enable the capability of sending the second packet to another PE device.
  • the DF device can generate a first packet and directly send the first packet to the CE device. Because another PE device does not need to forward the first packet, the efficiency of sending the first packet can be improved, and the network resources occupied in the process of sending the first packet can be reduced.
  • the second PE device may also execute the methods shown in S601 to S606 above. That is, when the first PE device and the second PE device are devices of the same manufacturer, both the first PE device and the second PE device can acquire the first instruction and both acquire the second instruction, thereby This enables each PE device to enable the capability of sending the first packet to the CE device and enable the capability to send the second packet to another PE device. Furthermore, after any one of the first PE device and the second PE device is switched to the DF device, the DF device can generate the first packet and directly send the first packet to the CE device. Another PE device switched to a non-DF device may generate a second packet and send the second packet to the DF device, and the DF device may then forward the second packet to the CE device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for sending a message.
  • the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time based on the first packet forwarded by the first PE device, and can send a packet to the first PE device based on the MAC entry.
  • the first PE device switched to the DF device can forward the message from the CE device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • sequence of steps of the method for sending a message provided by the embodiment of the present application may be adjusted appropriately, and the steps may be correspondingly increased or decreased according to the situation.
  • S304 and S305 can be deleted according to the situation.
  • S602 may be performed before S601.
  • S602, S605, and S606 may be deleted according to circumstances.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the PE device is a first PE device, and the first PE device can be used to implement the packet sending method in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3 above.
  • the first PE device includes:
  • the first determining module 701 is configured to determine that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device, wherein the second PE device and the first PE device are connected to the same user edge CE device.
  • the first determination module 701 For the function implementation of the first determination module 701, reference may be made to the relevant description of the above S302.
  • a sending module 702 configured to send a first packet to the second PE device to instruct the second PE device to forward the first packet to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the first packet is the first packet.
  • the MAC address of the destination network device learned by the PE device For the function implementation of the sending module 702, reference may be made to the relevant description of the above S303.
  • the first determining module 701 is further configured to, after the sending module sends the first packet to the second PE device, determine that the DF device is switched back to the first PE device by the second PE device.
  • the sending module sends the first packet to the second PE device.
  • the sending module 702 is further configured to send a second packet to the CE device, where the source MAC address of the second packet is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the source MAC address of the second packet is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the first packet does not include an Ethernet segment identifier ESI; or, the first packet includes an ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment, the target Ethernet The segment is the Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • the first packet and/or the second packet are broadcast packets.
  • the sending module 702 is configured to send the first packet to the second PE device after the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device for a preset duration.
  • the first PE device may further include:
  • the enabling module 703 is configured to enable the capability of sending the first message to the second PE device according to the acquired instruction before the sending module sends the first message to the second PE device.
  • the enabling module 703 reference may be made to the relevant description of the above S301.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device are devices of different manufacturers.
  • the first PE device includes:
  • a second determining module 704 configured to determine that the port used by the first PE device to connect with the CE device is faulty before the first determining module determines that the DF device is switched from the first PE device to the second PE device; or , it is determined that a port used by the first PE device to connect with other network devices is faulty, or it is determined that the other network devices are faulty, wherein the other network devices are connected to the CE device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a first PE device. After determining that the DF device is switched to the second PE device, the first PE device can send a first packet to the second PE device, so that the The second PE device may forward the first packet to the CE device to which the two PE devices are commonly connected.
  • the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time based on the first packet forwarded by the second PE device, and can send a packet to the second PE device based on the MAC entry.
  • the second PE device switched to the DF device can forward the packet from the CE device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the PE device is a first PE device, and the first PE device can be used to implement the packet sending in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 6 above. method.
  • the first PE device includes:
  • the determining module 801 is configured to determine that the DF device is switched from the second PE device to the first PE device, wherein the second PE device and the first PE device are connected to the same user edge CE device.
  • the determining module 801 For the functional realization of the determining module 801, reference may be made to the relevant description of the above S603.
  • a sending module 802 configured to switch from the second PE device to the first PE device according to the DF device, and send a first packet to the CE device, the source MAC address of the first packet is learned by the first PE device The MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the determining module 801 is further configured to, after the sending module sends the first packet to the CE device, determine that the DF device is switched back to the second PE device by the first PE device.
  • the determining module 801 For the functional realization of the determining module 801, reference may also be made to the relevant description of the above S605.
  • the sending module 802 is further configured to send a second packet to the second PE device, where the second packet is used to instruct the second PE device to send the second packet to the CE device, and the second packet is The source MAC address is the MAC address of the destination network device.
  • the sending module 802 reference may also be made to the relevant description of the above S606.
  • the second packet does not include an Ethernet segment identifier ESI; or, the second packet includes an ESI, and the value of the ESI is a special value different from the ESI of the target Ethernet segment, the target Ethernet The segment is the Ethernet segment to which the link between the first PE device and the CE device belongs.
  • the first packet and/or the second packet are broadcast packets.
  • the first PE device may further include:
  • the first enabling module 803 is configured to enable the capability of sending the first message to the CE device according to the acquired first instruction before the sending module sends the first message to the CE device.
  • the function of the first enabling module 803 reference may be made to the relevant description of the above S601.
  • the first PE device may further include:
  • the second enabling module 804 is configured to enable the capability of sending the second packet to the second PE device according to the acquired second instruction before the sending module sends the second packet to the second PE device.
  • the second enabling module 804 reference may be made to the relevant description of S602 above.
  • the first PE device and the second PE device belong to devices of different manufacturers; or, the first PE device and the second PE device belong to devices of the same manufacturer.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a first PE device, and after switching to a DF device, the first PE device can send a first packet to a CE device.
  • the CE device can generate or update the MAC entry in time based on the first packet forwarded by the first PE device, and can send a packet to the first PE device based on the MAC entry.
  • the first PE device switched to the DF device can forward the message from the CE device, thereby ensuring normal forwarding of the upstream traffic sent from the CE device and avoiding interruption of the upstream traffic of the CE device.
  • the PE equipment provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a programmable logic device (PLD), and the above-mentioned PLD may be a complex program Logic device (complex programmable logical device, CPLD), field-programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA), general array logic (generic array logic, GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • CPLD complex programmable logical device
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • GAL general array logic
  • the network access method provided by the above method embodiments may also be implemented by software.
  • each module in the PE device may also be a software module.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the PE device 900 may be the first PE device in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the PE device 900 may be a switch, a router, or other network devices that forward packets.
  • the PE device 900 includes: a main control board 910 , an interface board 930 and an interface board 940 .
  • a switching network board (not shown in the figure) may be included, and the switching network board is used to complete data exchange between each interface board (the interface board is also called a line card or a service board).
  • the main control board 910 is used to perform functions such as system management, equipment maintenance, and protocol processing.
  • the interface boards 930 and 940 are used to provide various service interfaces (eg, POS interface, GE interface, ATM interface, etc.), and realize packet forwarding.
  • the main control board 910, the interface board 930, and the interface board 940 are connected to the system backplane through the system bus to realize intercommunication.
  • One or more processors 931 are included on the interface board 930 .
  • the processor 931 is used to control and manage the interface board, communicate with the central processing unit on the main control board, and perform packet forwarding processing.
  • the memory 932 on the interface board 930 is used for storing forwarding entries, and the processor 931 forwards the message by searching for the forwarding entries stored in the memory 932 .
  • the interface board 930 includes one or more network interfaces 933 for receiving the packets sent by the previous hop node, and sending the processed packets to the next hop node according to the instructions of the processor 931 .
  • the specific implementation process will not be repeated here.
  • the specific functions of the processor 931 are also not repeated here.
  • this embodiment includes multiple interface boards, and adopts a distributed forwarding mechanism. Under this mechanism, the operations on the interface board 940 are basically similar to the operations on the interface board 930 . For the sake of brevity ,No longer.
  • the processor 931 and/or 941 in the interface board 930 in FIG. 9 may be dedicated hardware or chips, such as a network processor or an application-specific integrated circuit, to implement the above functions, and this implementation method is usually The forwarding plane is processed by dedicated hardware or chips.
  • the processor 931 and/or 941 may also use a general-purpose processor, such as a general-purpose CPU, to implement the functions described above.
  • main control boards there may be one or more main control boards, and when there are multiple main control boards, they may include an active main control board and a backup main control board.
  • the multiple interface boards can communicate with each other through one or more switching network boards. When there are multiple interface boards, they can jointly implement load sharing and redundant backup.
  • the device does not need a switching network board, and the interface board is responsible for the processing function of the service data of the entire system.
  • the device includes multiple interface boards, which can realize data exchange between multiple interface boards through the switching network board, and provide large-capacity data exchange and processing capabilities. Therefore, the data access and processing capabilities of network devices in a distributed architecture are greater than those in a centralized architecture.
  • the specific architecture used depends on the specific networking deployment scenario, and there is no restriction here.
  • the memory 932 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or a storage device that can store static information and instructions.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • Other types of dynamic storage devices for information and instructions which may also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only Memory (CD-ROM) or Other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (including compact disk, laser disk, optical disk, digital versatile disk, Blu-ray disk, etc.), magnetic disk or other magnetic storage device, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory 932 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 931 through a communication bus.
  • the memory 932 may also be integrated with the processor 931.
  • the memory 932 is used for storing program codes, and is controlled and executed by the processor 931, so as to execute the message sending method provided by the above embodiments.
  • the processor 931 is used to execute program codes stored in the memory 932 .
  • One or more software modules may be included in the program code.
  • the one or more software modules may be functional modules provided in any of the above-mentioned embodiments of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 .
  • the network interface 933 can be a device using any transceiver for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network ( wireless local area networks, WLAN), etc.
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of still another PE device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the PE device 1000 may be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 4 , or FIG. 5 .
  • the PE device 1000 may include: a processor 1001 , a memory 1002 , a transceiver 1003 and a bus 1004 .
  • the bus 1004 is used to connect the processor 1001 , the memory 1002 and the transceiver 1003 .
  • the communication connection with other devices can be realized through the transceiver 1003 (which may be wired or wireless).
  • a computer program for realizing various application functions is stored in the memory 1002 .
  • the processor 1001 may be a CPU, and the processor 1001 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays ( FPGA), GPU or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • GPU GPU or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • Memory 1002 may be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be ROM, programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), EEPROM or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be RAM, which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data date SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous link dynamic random access memory direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • bus 1004 may also include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like. However, for clarity of illustration, the various buses are labeled as bus 1004 in the figure.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory 1002, and the processor 1001 implements the message sending method shown in the foregoing method embodiments by executing the computer program 10021.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the instructions are executed by a processor to implement the packet sending method provided by the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product containing instructions, when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer program product enables the computer to execute the message sending method provided by the above method embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, and the communication system may be an EVPN network, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the communication system may include a CE device, and a device connected to the CE device. PE equipment.
  • the PE device is the first PE device provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the system may further include one or more other PE devices, and the other one or more PE devices may belong to the same multi-homed device of the CE device as the PE device.
  • the communication system may include CE1, and PE1 and PE2 connected to CE1, where PE1 or PE2 is the first PE device provided in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, or the like that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg: floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg: digital versatile disc (DVD)), or semiconductor media (eg: solid state disk (SSD)) )Wait.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种报文发送方法、设备及系统，属于EVPN技术领域。本申请提供的方案中，当第一PE设备与CE设备之间的链路故障导致DF设备由第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备时，第一PE设备可以向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，以便第二PE设备将该第一报文转发至CE设备。由此，CE设备可以基于该第二PE设备转发的第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，并可以基于该MAC表项向该第二PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换为DF设备的第二PE设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。

Description

报文发送方法、设备及系统
本申请要求于2020年7月23日提交的申请号为202010718331.4、发明名称为“报文发送方法、设备及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及以太网虚拟专用网(Ethernet virtual private network，EVPN)技术领域，特别涉及一种报文发送方法、设备及系统。
背景技术
在EVPN多归属组网模式中，一个用户边缘(customer edge，CE)设备可以通过多条链路接到EVPN网络中的多个运营商边缘(provider edge，PE)设备上，即一个CE可以归属于多个PE。对于该EVPN多归属组网模式，需要在与同一个CE连接的多个PE设备中选举一个PE设备作为指定转发者(designated forwarder，DF)设备。该DF设备负责转发来自CE设备的报文或发往CE设备的报文，除该DF设备之外的其他PE设备则无法转发来自CE设备的报文或发往CE设备的报文。当DF设备与CE设备之间的链路出现故障时，多个PE设备可以重新选举出一个新的DF设备。
相关技术中，若CE设备支持连接故障管理(connectivity fault management，CFM)协议，则当DF设备与CE设备之间的链路出现故障，导致CE设备无法接收到来自DF设备的报文时，CE设备可以基于该CFM协议及时感知到该链路故障，进而可以清除故障接口的MAC表项，并通过广播的方式向其所连接的多个PE发送报文。由此，新的DF设备即可接收并转发来自CE设备的报文，从而避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
对于CE设备不支持CFM协议，DF设备与CE设备之间的链路出现故障，并且CE设备无法接收到来自网络侧的报文的场景，若新的DF设备未向CE设备转发报文，CE设备未刷新其MAC表项，则CE设备会继续向原DF设备发送报文，由此会导致CE设备的上行流量中断。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种报文发送方法、设备及系统，可以解决相关技术中不支持CFM协议的CE设备无法及时感知链路故障，导致上行流量中断的技术问题。
一方面，提供了一种报文发送方法，该方法包括：第一PE设备在确定指定转发者DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备后，向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，以指示该第二PE设备将该第一报文转发至该CE设备，其中，该第二PE设备与该第一PE设备连接至同一个CE设备，该第一报文的源介质访问控制(media access control，MAC)地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
由于CE设备接收到该第二PE设备转发的第一报文后，可以及时生成或更新MAC表项，并基于该MAC表项向该第二PE设备发送到目的网络设备的报文。进而，即可由该切换为 DF设备的第二PE设备转发来自CE设备的该报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。具体地，该CE设备在接收到该第一报文后，可以根据该第一报文确定能够通过该CE设备与该第二PE设备连接的端口向目的网络设备发送报文。所述目的网络设备可以是与远端PE设备连接的CE设备，或与远端PE设备连接的CE设备下挂载的用户设备等。
可选地，在该第一PE设备向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文之后，该第一PE设备还可以在确定DF设备由该第二PE设备切换回该第一PE设备后，向该CE设备发送第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。
CE设备接收到该第一PE发送的第二报文后，可以及时生成或更新MAC表项，并基于该MAC表项向该第一PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换回DF设备的第一PE设备向目的网络设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
可选地，该第一报文不包括以太网段标识(Ethernet segment identifier，ESI)；或者，该第一报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
基于上述两种方式，可以避免第二PE设备由于水平分割机制而不向CE设备转发该第一报文，也即是，可以确保第二PE能够将该第一报文转发至CE设备。
可选地，该第一报文和/或该第二报文为广播报文。通过将第一报文和/或第二报文封装为广播报文，可以确保CE设备仅基于该广播报文进行MAC表项的生成或更新，而不会对CE设备的正常业务处理造成影响，也无需改变CE设备对报文的识别和处理行为。
可选地，该第一PE设备可以在DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备到达预设时长之后，再向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文。由于第二PE设备切换为DF设备后，通常需要一定的准备时间才能转发报文，因此第一PE设备可以等待预设时长之后，再发送该第一报文，以确保第二PE设备在接收该第一报文后能够通过广播等方式将该第一报文顺利发送至其他网络设备。
可选地，在第一PE设备向第二PE设备发送第一报文之前，该方法还可以包括：该第一PE设备根据获取的第一指令，使能向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文的能力。
可选地，在第一PE设备向CE设备发送第二报文之前，该方法还可以包括：该第一PE设备根据获取的第二指令，使能向该CE设备发送该第二报文的能力。
在本申请中，上述第一指令和第二指令中的每个指令可以是运维人员通过命令行的方式配置在第一PE设备中的，或者，也可以是控制设备下发至第一PE设备的。
可选地，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备为不同厂商的设备。
对于该两个PE设备为不同厂商的设备的场景，可以仅使得第一PE设备获取该第一指令和第二指令，即仅使得第一PE设备使能发送第一报文和第二报文的能力，而第二PE设备则无需使能或支持发送第一报文和第二报文的能力。由此，不仅可以降低配置的复杂度，而且可以使得第一PE设备与其他不同厂商的第二PE设备组网后，均能确保CE设备能够及时感知DF设备的切换。作为一种可能的具体场景，例如，故障前作为DF设备的该第一PE设备例如可以是支持发送第一报文和第二报文类型的报文的设备，而第二PE设备作为另一厂商的设备，可以不支持发送第一报文和第二报文类型的报文。
可选地，在该第一PE设备确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备之前，该方法还可以包括：该第一PE设备确定该第一PE设备用于与该CE设备连接的端口出现故障；或者，该第一PE设备确定该第一PE设备用于与其他网络设备连接的端口出现故障；或者，该第一PE设备确定该其他网络设备出现故障，其中，该其他网络设备与该CE设备连接，并且该其他网络设备与该CE设备连接可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接。在上述三种情形中，如果只有第一PE设备侧与CE设备或其他中间网络设备连接的端口故障，或中间网络设备故障，而CE设备侧与第一PE设备或其他中间网络设备连接的端口并未发生故障，则可以认为第一PE设备与CE设备之间出现单纤故障。
基于上述描述可知，第一PE设备可以在其与CE设备之间出现单纤故障时触发DF设备的切换。此时，该CE设备无法感知到该单纤故障，并还能够向第一PE设备发送报文。而通过本申请提供的方案，由于第二PE设备可以向CE设备转发来自第一PE设备的第一报文，因此CE设备可以基于该第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，即CE设备可以基于该第一报文及时感知到DF设备的切换，并通过新选举出的DF设备向远端发送报文或流量。
第二方面，提供了一种报文发送方法，该方法包括：第一PE设备确定DF设备由第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，其中，该第二PE设备与该第一PE设备连接至同一个CE设备；该第一PE设备根据该DF设备由该第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，向该CE设备发送第一报文，该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。类似地，参考前一方面中关于技术效果的描述可知，第一PE设备在确定DF设备由第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备时，可以直接向CE设备发送第一报文，以保证CE设备根据该接收到的第一报文，及时生成或更新MAC表项，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备转发的上行流量出现中断。
该第二方面所描述的第一PE设备和第二PE设备同样可以属于不同的厂商，作为一种可能的具体场景，例如，故障前作为备用DF设备的该第一PE设备例如可以是支持发送第一报文和第二报文类型的报文的设备，而第二PE设备作为另一厂商的设备，可以不支持发送第一报文和第二报文类型的报文，则当第二PE设备和CE设备之间的链路出现单纤故障时，第一PE设备成为DF设备，并可以根据使能的相应能力向CE设备发送第一报文。
可选地，在该第一PE设备向该CE设备发送该第一报文之后，该方法还可以包括：该第一PE设备确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换回该第二PE设备；该第一PE设备向该第二PE设备发送第二报文，该第二报文用于指示该第二PE设备向该CE设备发送该第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。
可选地，该第二报文不包括ESI；或者，该第二报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
可选地，该第一报文和/或该第二报文为广播报文。
可选地，该方法还可以包括：在该第一PE设备向该CE设备发送第一报文之前，该第一PE设备根据获取的第一指令，使能向该CE设备发送该第一报文的能力。
可选地，该方法还包括：在该第一PE设备向该第二PE设备发送第二报文之前，该第一PE设备根据获取的第二指令，使能向该第二PE设备发送该第二报文的能力。
可选地，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备属于不同厂商的设备；或者，该第一PE设备 和该第二PE设备属于同一厂商的设备。
对于该两个PE设备为同一厂商的设备的场景，可以使得第一PE设备和第二PE设备均使能发送第一报文的能力，而无需使能发送第二报文的能力。由此，当第一PE设备和第二PE设备中的任一PE设备切换为DF设备后，该DF设备可以直接向CE设备发送该第一报文。由于无需另一个PE设备转发第一报文，因此可以提高该第一报文的发送效率，减少第一报文发送过程中所占用的网络资源。
第三方面，提供了一种PE设备，该PE设备为第一PE设备，该第一PE设备包括：
第一确定模块，用于确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备，其中，该第二PE设备与该第一PE设备连接至同一个用户边缘CE设备；
发送模块，用于向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，以指示该第二PE设备将该第一报文转发至该CE设备，该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
可选地，该第一确定模块，还用于在该发送模块向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文之后，确定DF设备由该第二PE设备切换回该第一PE设备；
该发送模块，还用于向该CE设备发送第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。
可选地，该第一报文不包括以太网段标识ESI；或者，该第一报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
可选地，该第一报文和/或该第二报文为广播报文。
可选地，该发送模块用于：在DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备到达预设时长之后，向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文。
可选地，该第一PE设备还包括：
使能模块，用于在该发送模块向该第二PE设备发送第一报文之前，根据获取的指令，使能向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文的能力。
可选地，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备为不同厂商的设备。
可选地，该第一PE设备包括：
第二确定模块，用于在该第一确定模块确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备之前，确定该第一PE设备用于与该CE设备连接的端口出现故障；或者，确定该第一PE设备用于与其他网络设备连接的端口出现故障，或者，确定该其他网络设备出现故障，其中，该其他网络设备与该CE设备连接。
第四方面，提供了一种PE设备，该PE设备为第一PE设备，该第一PE设备包括：
确定模块，用于确定DF设备由第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，其中，该第二PE设备与该第一PE设备连接至同一个用户边缘CE设备；
发送模块，用于根据该DF设备由该第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，向该CE设备发送第一报文，该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
可选地，该确定模块，还用于在该发送模块向该CE设备发送该第一报文之后，确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换回该第二PE设备；
该发送模块，还用于向该第二PE设备发送第二报文，该第二报文用于指示该第二PE设备向该CE设备发送该第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。
可选地，该第二报文不包括以太网段标识ESI；或者，该第二报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
可选地，该第一报文和/或该第二报文为广播报文。
可选地，该第一PE设备还包括：
第一使能模块，用于在该发送模块向该CE设备发送第一报文之前，根据获取的第一指令，使能向该CE设备发送该第一报文的能力。
可选地，该第一PE设备还包括：
第二使能模块，用于在该发送模块向该第二PE设备发送第二报文之前，根据获取的第二指令，使能向该第二PE设备发送该第二报文的能力。
可选地，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备属于不同厂商的设备；或者，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备属于同一厂商的设备。
第五方面，提供了一种PE设备，该PE设备包括：存储器和处理器；该存储器用于存储计算机程序；该处理器用于执行该存储器中存储的计算机程序以使得所述PE设备执行如上述任一方面所提供的报文发送方法。
第六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当该指令被处理器执行时实现如上述任一方面所提供的报文发送方法。
第七方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如上述任一方面所提供的报文发送方法。
第八方面，提供了一种通信系统，该系统包括：CE设备，以及与该CE设备连接的第一PE设备，该第一PE设备为如上述任一方面所提供的第一PE设备。可选地，该通信系统还包括其他一个或多个PE设备，该一个或多个PE设备和该第一PE设备共同作为该CE设备的多归属PE设备。
综上所述，本申请提供了一种报文发送方法、设备及系统，当第一PE设备与CE设备之间的链路故障导致DF设备由第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备时，第一PE设备可以向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，以便第二PE设备将该第一报文转发至CE设备。由此，CE设备可以基于该第二PE设备转发的第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，并可以基于该MAC表项向该第二PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换为DF设备的第二PE设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种EVPN网络的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种EVPN网络的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种报文发送方法的流程图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种第一报文的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种第一报文的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种报文发送方法的流程图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种PE设备的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种PE设备的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的再一种PE设备的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的再一种PE设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细介绍本申请实施例提供的报文发送方法、设备及系统。
应当理解的是，本文提及的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
在对本申请实施例进行解释说明之前，先对本申请实施例的应用场景进行解释说明。
EVPN是一种二层网络互联技术，具有部署简单和扩展性强等优点。EVPN基于边界网关协议(border gateway protocol，BGP)协议通告网络设备的MAC地址等信息，通过生成的MAC表项进行二层报文转发，以实现二层网络互联的目的。并且，EVPN定义了一套通用的控制平面，以实现数据平面和控制平面的分离。其中，控制平面负责发布路由信息，数据平面负责转发报文，分工明确，易于管理。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种EVPN网络的结构示意图，如图1所示，该EVPN网络可以包括多个PE设备和多个CE设备。例如，图1中示出了PE1、PE2和PE3共三个PE设备，以及CE1和CE2共两个CE设备。该PE设备和CE设备可以均为路由器或交换机等网络设备。例如，该PE设备可以为路由器，CE设备可以为交换机。
其中，不同的CE设备可以属于不同的虚拟扩展局域网(virtual extensible local area network，VXLAN)。属于相同VXLAN的CE设备处于同一个逻辑二层网络，彼此之间二层互通，属于不同VXLAN的CE设备之间二层隔离。
在EVPN网络中，每个CE设备可以与至少一个PE设备建立通信连接，且CE设备与PE设备可以直接连接，或者也可以通过其他网络设备(例如交换机)连接。每个CE设备还可以与至少一个用户终端(terminal)连接，即每个CE设备可以挂载至少一个用户终端。该用户终端也可以称为主机或用户设备，且该用户终端可以为计算机、无线终端设备或者服务器上创建的虚拟机(virtual machine，VM)等终端设备。
各个PE设备之间也可以建立通信连接，且各个PE设备之间可以直接连接，或者也可以通过其他网络设备(例如核心设备)连接。图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种EVPN网络的结构示意图。如图2所示，在以太网局域网(Ethernet-local area network，E-LAN)或以太网树型(Ethernet-Tree，E-Tree)网络中，PE设备之间可以通过汇聚层(aggregation，AGG) 路由器连接。例如图2中，PE1可以通过AGG1、AGG2、AGG3以及AGG4与PE3连接。其中，每个PE设备的以太网虚连接(Ethernet virtual connection，EVC)子接口作为接入(access，AC)侧接口(也可以称为端口)，配置有桥域(bridge domain，BD)模式的EVPN实例。其中，AC侧是指PE设备用于与CE设备连接的一侧。
根据PE设备与CE设备间的连接形式，EVPN网络的组网类型可分为CE多归属和CE单归属两种类型。参考图1和图2，CE2与PE3的连接形式，以及CE3与PE4的连接形式均属于CE单归属组网类型，即一个CE设备仅与一个PE设备连接。CE1与PE1、PE2的连接形式属于CE多归属组网类型，即一个CE设备与多个PE设备连接。该CE多归属组网场景中，每个CE设备通过多条链路接入到不同的PE设备，这些链路构成一个以太网段(Ethernet segment，ES)。该ES可以通过ESI唯一标识。也即是，连接同一CE设备的多个PE设备上的ESI是相同，连接不同CE设备的PE设备上的ESI不同。其中，该ESI可以配置在PE设备用于与CE设备连接的物理端口上。PE设备之间进行以太网段路由的传播时，以太网段路由中会携带ESI使每个PE设备可以感知连接到同一CE设备的其他PE设备。
对于CE多归属组网类型，为了避免一个CE设备从多个PE设备收到重复的流量而造成网络资源的浪费，EVPN技术引入了DF设备选举机制，即从连接同一个CE设备的多个PE设备中指定一个PE设备作为DF设备。在归属组网的单活模式下，只有该DF设备能够转发来自CE的报文和发往CE的报文。例如，参考图1，如果PE1被选举为DF设备，则从CE2方向发来的报文将只从PE1向CE1转发，且只有PE1能够转发来自CE1的报文。其中，未被选举为DF设备的PE设备可以称为非DF设备。或者，被选举为DF设备的PE设备可以称为主DF设备，未被选举为DF设备的PE设备可以称为备份DF设备(或备DF设备)。上述单活模式及在该模式下的转发机制作为一种可能的示例应用场景，在其他可能的合理应用场景下也可以使用本申请实施例提供的方案。
如果PE设备与CE设备连接的端口的状态为非激活(down)状态，则该PE设备成为备份DF。如果PE设备与CE设备连接的端口的状态为激活(up)状态，则该PE设备能够与其他端口状态同样为激活状态的PE设备共同选举出一个主DF设备。该选举过程可以如下：
首先，各个PE设备之间建立邻居关系后相互发送以太网段路由，该以太网段路由中携带有ESI。之后，每个PE设备根据以太网段路由中携带的ESI生成多归PE列表，多归PE列表中包含连接到同一个CE设备的所有PE设备的信息。并且，每个PE设备可以通过从其他PE设备收到的以太网段路由获取其他PE设备的互联网协议(Internet protocol，IP)地址，按照IP地址的大小顺序对多归PE列表内的PE设备进行排序，并从0开始为各个PE设备顺序分配序号。最后，各个PE设备可以将IP地址最小的PE设备选举为DF设备，或者，各个PE设备可以根据按照约定的公式计算出被选举为DF设备的PE设备的序号。例如，该公式可以为：i＝V mod N。其中，mod表示取模运算，i表示被选举为DF设备的PE设备的序号，N为多归到同一CE设备的PE设备的数量，即同一CE设备所连接的PE设备的数量，V表示ES对应VLAN的VLAN标识(identification，ID)。
由于各个PE设备是按照相同的算法选举DF设备，因此各个PE设备可以确定最新选举出的DF设备具体是哪个PE设备。上述DF选举过程作为一种可能的示例，在实际应用中，也可以采用其他可能的DF选举机制，只要通过该选举机制能够确定一个新的DF设备并且通过某种方式使得网络中的必要网络设备知晓即可。
下面对本申请实施例提供的报文发送方法进行详细解释说明。
在本申请实施例中，在CE多归属组网的单活模式下，对于诸如CE设备不支持CFM协议的场景，与该CE设备所连接的多个PE设备在重新选举DF设备后，原DF设备可以向重新选举出的DF设备发送第一报文，以指示该重新选举出的DF设备将该第一报文转发至CE设备。该第一报文的源MAC地址为原DF设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。或者，该重新选举出的DF设备可以直接向CE设备发送第一报文，该第一报文的源MAC地址为该重新选举出的DF设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
CE设备接收到该重新选举出的DF设备发送的第一报文后，可以根据该第一报文生成MAC表项或更新MAC表项，该MAC表项中记录有该第一报文的源MAC地址与接收到该第一报文的端口(即该CE设备用于与重新选举出的DF设备连接的端口)的对应关系。之后，当该CE设备需要向该目的网络设备发送报文时，即可基于该MAC表项中记录的对应关系，通过用于与重新选举出的DF设备连接的端口，向该重新选举出的DF设备发送报文，该报文例如可以属于与该CE设备连接的用户设备发送的流量。由此，可以确保CE设备即使在该CE设备用于连接故障前作为DF设备的端口仍处于激活(up)状态时，仍然能够及时感知链路故障，进而确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免上行流量中断。
可以理解的是，下述任一实施例中的第一、第二等概念和其他实施例中的第一、第二等概念是相互独立的，并不是严格意义上的对应关系。比如，一个实施例中的第一PE设备和另一个实施例中的第一PE设备可能不是用于指示同一PE设备。具体的各个概念将在下述实施例中一一说明。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种报文发送方法的流程图，该报文发送方法可以应用于采用CE多归属组网模式的EVPN网络中的第一PE设备。该EVPN网络还包括第二PE设备，该第一PE设备与该第二PE设备连接至同一个CE设备。例如，该第一PE设备可以为如图1或图2所示的PE1，该第二PE设备可以为图1或图2所示的PE2。若CE多归属组网模式中，CE设备所连接的PE设备的数量大于2，则该第一PE设备和第二PE设备可以为该CE设备所连接的多个PE设备中的任意两个PE设备。
下述实施例以第一PE设备与CE设备之间的链路正常，且第二PE设备与CE设备之间的链路正常时，第一PE设备为DF设备，第二PE设备为非DF设备为例进行说明。如图3所示，该方法包括：
S301、第一PE设备根据获取的第一指令，使能向第二PE设备发送第一报文的能力，以及根据获取的第二指令，使能向CE设备发送第二报文的能力。
其中，第一PE设备使能向第二PE设备发送第一报文的能力是指：使得第一PE设备具备在确定DF设备由第一PE设备切换至第二PE设备之后，生成第一报文并向第二PE设备发送该第一报文的能力。第一PE设备使能向CE设备发送第二报文的能力是指：使得第一PE设备具备在确定DF设备由第二PE设备切换回第一PE设备之后，生成第二报文并向CE设备发送该第二报文的能力。
对于该第一PE设备来说，未与该第一PE设备连接同一个CE设备的其他PE设备(例如图2中的PE3和PE4)也可以称为第一PE设备的远端(remote)设备，而与该第一PE设 备连接同一个CE设备的其他PE设备(例如图2中的PE2)也可以称为第一PE设备的多归设备，该第一PE设备所连接的CE设备也可以称为第一PE设备的接入侧设备。因此，使能向第二PE设备发送第一报文的能力，也可以称为使能向多归设备发送第一报文的能力。使能向CE设备发送第二报文的能力，也可以称为使能向接入侧设备发送第二报文的能力。
可选地，该第一指令和第二指令均可以是运维人员通过命令行的方式配置在第一PE设备中的。或者，该第一指令和第二指令也可以是与该第一PE设备连接的控制设备(比如控制器)下发至该第一PE设备的。
例如，该第一指令可以为运维人员在第一PE设备中配置的命令行：df-change remote-mac-sender enable；该第二指令可以为运维人员在第一PE设备中配置的命令行：df-change local-mac-sender enable。
在本申请实施例中，该第一PE设备和第二PE设备可以为不同厂商的设备。在该场景中，可以仅使得第一PE设备获取该第一指令和第二指令，从而使能第一PE设备向多归设备发送第一报文的能力，以及向接入侧设备发送第二报文的能力。而第二PE设备则无需获取该第一指令和第二指令，即该第二PE设备并不具备向多归设备发送第一报文的能力，以及向接入侧设备发送第二报文的能力。由于仅需使能第一PE设备发送第一报文和第二报文的能力，因此不仅能有效降低配置PE设备时的复杂度，并且还可以避免同时使能第一PE设备和第二PE设备的报文发送能力而浪费网络资源。在该场景中，通过使该第一PE设备获取第一指令和第二指令，可以使得第一PE设备与其他不同厂商的第二PE设备组网后，均能确保CE设备能够及时感知DF设备的切换。
在其他可能的场景中，该第一PE设备和第二PE设备也可以为同一厂商的设备。在该场景中，作为一种可选地实现方式，可以仅使得第一PE设备获取该第一指令和第二指令，而第二PE设备则无需获取该第一指令和第二指令。也即是，可以仅由该第一PE设备来生成和发送第一报文和第二报文，而第二PE设备仅用于转发第一报文。作为另一种可选地实现方式，也可以使得第一PE设备和第二PE设备均获取该第一指令和第二指令。由此，可以使得该第一PE设备和第二PE设备均能够生成并发送第一报文，且均能够生成并发送第二报文。
虽然本实施例以采用S301预先在发生故障前的第一PE设备中配置并使能相应能力为例，但在实际应用中，也可以结合需求或场景确定S301的执行时机，如在第一PE设备发现链路故障或重新进行DF选举时再执行等。或者，在其他可能的情形中，S301也可以不执行，而是直接固化第一PE设备具备相应能力。
S302、第一PE设备确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备。
在第一PE设备为DF设备，且第二PE设备为非DF设备的场景下，若第一PE设备检测到其向CE设备发送报文的链路出现故障，则可以触发DF设备的重新选举流程，即该第一PE设备可以与包括第二PE设备在内的一个或多个PE设备共同重新选举一个新的DF设备。若第二PE设备被选举为新的DF设备，则该第一PE设备可以确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备。其中，该重新选举DF设备的过程可以参考上文描述，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，第一PE设备可以在检测到用于与该CE设备连接的端口出现故障，或者，在检测到该第一PE设备用于与其他网络设备(该其他网络设备与该CE设备连接)连接的端口出现故障，又或者，在检测到该其他网络设备出现故障时，确定向CE设备发送报文的链路故障，并触发DF设备的重新选举流程。也即是，在第一PE设备触发DF设备的重 新选举流程时，该CE设备向第一PE设备发送报文的链路可以是正常状态，即CE设备与第一PE设备之间的链路故障为单纤故障。此时，该CE设备用于与该第一PE设备连接的端口状态还为激活状态，该CE设备还能够向第一PE设备发送报文。
示例的，参考图1和图2，假设CE1双归接入至PE1和PE2，且PE1为DF设备，PE2为非DF设备。则当PE1检测到用于与CE1连接的端口出现故障时，可以触发DF设备的重新选举流程。若重新选举出的DF设备为PE2，则PE1可以确定DF设备由PE1切换为PE2。
S303、第一PE设备向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，以指示该第二PE设备将该第一报文转发至该CE设备。
在本申请实施例中，第一PE设备在确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备后，第一PE设备可以生成第一报文，并向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文。第二PE设备进而可以将该第一报文转发至CE设备。该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备从其他PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
CE设备在接收到该第二PE设备转发的第一报文后，若CE设备中未存储该源MAC地址的MAC表项，则CE设备可以生成一个新的MAC表项，若CE设备中已存储该源MAC地址的MAC表项，则CE设备可以更新该MAC表项。其中，作为示例，当CE设备因该源MAC地址老化将该源MAC地址的MAC表项删除，或者通信网络中接入新的网络设备时，会出现CE设备中未存储该源MAC地址的MAC表项的情况。此时，CE设备需要根据该源MAC地址生成一个新的MAC表项。
该生成或更新的MAC表项中记录有该第一报文中的源MAC地址与CE设备接收到该第一报文的端口(即CE设备用于与第二PE设备连接的端口)的对应关系。之后，当该CE设备需要向该目的网络设备发送报文时，即可基于该MAC表项中记录的对应关系，通过与第二PE设备连接的端口，向该第二PE设备发送报文。
可选地，第一PE设备可以基于其他网络设备发送的携带有该目的网络设备的MAC地址的MAC地址通告路由，学习到该目的网络设备的MAC地址。其中。该其他PE设备可以为该第二PE设备，也可以为除该第二PE设备之外的第三PE设备。例如参考图1和图2，该其他PE设备可以为PE3或PE4。该目的网络设备可以是其他PE设备所连接的CE设备，或者，该目的网络设备也可以是其他PE设备连接的CE设备所下挂的用户终端。例如，参考图1和图2，该目的网络设备可以是CE2或CE3下挂的用户终端。
在CE设备多归接入的PE设备的个数大于2的场景中，第一PE设备可以仅向第二PE设备(即最新选举出的DF设备)发送该第一报文。或者，第一PE设备也可以向CE设备多归接入的其他每个PE设备均发送该第一报文。作为一种可能的实际应用场景，其他PE设备接收到该第一报文后，由于仅作为新选举产生的DF的第二PE设备能够向CE设备转发第一报文，因此除该第二PE设备之外的其他PE设备可以直接丢弃该第一报文。
在CE多归属组网模式中，第一PE设备在接收到CE设备发送的广播、未知单播和组播(broadcast，unknown unicast，and multicast，BUM)报文后，可以将该BUM报文转发至与该CE设备连接的第二PE设备。为了避免第二PE设备继续将该BUM报文转发至CE设备而形成环路，EVPN网络中定义了水平分割机制。即第二PE设备在收到第一PE设备发送的BUM报文后，会检测该BUM报文中的ESI，若该BUM报文中的ESI与目标ESI相同，则第二PE设备不会将该BUM报文转发至CE设备，从而避免形成环路。其中，目标ESI为该 第二PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的ES的ESI。由于连接至同一CE设备的多个PE设备可以称为一个冗余备份组，因此上述水平分割机制也可以理解为：PE设备接收到同一冗余备份组中的其他PE设备转发的BUM报文后，不向具有相同ESI标识的ES转发该BUM报文。
在本申请实施例中，为了避免第二PE设备在接收到第一PE设备发送的第一报文后，作为使能了水平分割能力的PE设备，根据该水平分割机制而不向CE设备转发该第一报文，该第一报文可以不包括ESI。或者该第一报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值。该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。例如，该特殊值可以为0。
通过上述两种方式，即可确保第二PE设备接收到第一PE设备发送的第一报文后，能够将该第一报文正常转发至CE设备。
在EVPN网络中，第一PE设备与第二PE设备之间可以建立隧道，第一PE设备可以通过该隧道向第二PE设备发送该第一报文。如图4和图5所示，该第一报文可以包括报文头、用于携带源MAC地址的源MAC(source MAC，SMAC)字段、用于携带目的MAC地址的目的MAC(destination MAC，DMAC)字段以及数据(data)字段D0。其中，该报文头也可以称为隧道头。
第二PE设备接收到该第一报文后，可以对该第一报文进行解封装，去除该报文头，然后再将去除报文头之后的第一报文发送至CE设备。例如，参考图4和图5，PE1可以将第一报文发送至PE2，PE2接收到该第一报文后，可以将该第一报文中的报文头去除，并将去除报文头之后的第一报文转发至CE1。
在一种可选的实现方式中，该第一PE与第二PE之间的隧道为多协议标签交换(multiprotocol label switching，MPLS)协议隧道，则第一PE设备可以基于MPLS协议封装第一报文。如图4所示，基于MPLS协议封装的第一报文中的报文头可以包括MPLS标签(label)和EVPN标签，且该报文头不包括用于携带ESI的ESI标签。
在另一种可选的实现方式中，该第一PE与第二PE之间的隧道为SRv6协议隧道。其中，SRv6是一种将分段路由(segment routing，SR)技术与第六代互联网协议(Internet protocol version 6，IPv6)相结合的网络承载协议。如图5所示，基于SRv6协议封装的第一报文中的报文头包括用于携带目的IPv6地址的目的IP字段DIP，以及用于携带源IPv6地址的源IP字段SIP。该DIP包括：定位(locator)字段，END-D2TM字段以及参数(arguments，ARGS)字段。其中，该定位字段用于携带第二PE设备的路由前缀。END-D2TM字段用于标识业务类型，即该END-D2TM字段用于标识具体某个VPN和业务类型。该ARGS字段用于携带ESI信息。在本申请实施例中，可以在该ARGS字段填充与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值。例如，该特殊值可以为0。其中，END-D2TM表示二层交叉连接且进行广播泛洪的端点(endpoint)段标识(segment identifier，SID)。
在本申请实施例中，该第一报文可以为广播报文。可选地，该广播报文的DMAC字段中的每一位均可以填充为十六进制数F，即该第一报文中的目的MAC地址可以为全F。通过将第一报文封装为广播报文，可以使得CE设备接收到该广播报文，并根据该广播报文更新MAC表项后即可丢弃该广播报文，避免对CE设备的正常业务处理造成影响，也无需改变CE设备对报文的识别和处理行为。
并且，该第一报文中的数据字段D0也可以填充任意值。例如，该数据字段D0可以均填充为0。
由于DF设备在由第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备后，第二PE设备的硬件层通常还需要一定的准备时间来刷新其表项，然后才能够支持向CE设备转发该第一报文。因此，第一PE设备可以在DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备到达预设时长之后，再向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文，以确保第二PE设备在接收该第一报文后能够通过广播等方式将该第一报文顺利发送至其他网络设备。该预设时长可以是第一PE设备中预先存储的固定时长。并且，该预设时长可以是运维人员通过命令行配置的，或者可以是控制设备下发至第一PE设备的。例如，假设该预设时长为T0，则运维人员可以在第一PE设备中配置如下命令行：df-change remote-mac-sender delay-time T0。
在本申请实施例中，为了避免第一报文的发送影响其他业务报文的发送，该第一PE设备可以按照预设速率发送该第一报文。该预设速率可以是运维人员通过命令行配置的，或者可以是控制设备下发至第一PE设备的。例如，假设该预设速率为X0，则运维人员可以在第一PE设备中配置如下命令行：df-change send-packet rate X0。
S304、第一PE设备确定DF设备由该第二PE设备切换回该第一PE设备。
在本申请实施例中，第一PE设备在检测到其与CE设备之间的链路故障恢复后，可以再次触发DF设备的重新选举流程。第一PE设备和第二PE设备再次选举DF设备后，该DF设备可以由该第二PE设备切换回该第一PE设备。
示例的，结合图1、图2、图3和图4，PE1与CE1之间的链路故障恢复后，DF设备可以由PE2切换回PE1。
S305、第一PE设备向该CE设备发送第二报文。
第一PE设备在确定DF设备由该第二PE设备切换回该第一PE设备后，可以生成第二报文。该第二报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。由于第一PE设备已经切换为DF设备，因此第一PE设备可以直接向该CE设备发送该第二报文。
CE设备接收到该第一PE设备发送的第二报文后，可以根据该第二报文中的源MAC地址生成MAC表项或更新MAC表项。该生成或更新的MAC表项中记录有该第二报文中的源MAC地址与CE设备接收到该第二报文的端口(即CE设备用于与第一PE设备连接的端口)的对应关系。之后，当该CE设备需要向该目的网络设备发送报文时，即可基于该MAC表项中记录的对应关系，通过与第一PE设备连接的端口，向该第一PE设备发送需发至目的网络设备的报文。
可选地，该第二报文也可以为广播报文。例如，该第二报文中目的MAC地址可以为全F。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，为了避免AC侧链路反复震荡导致DF设备反复切换，进而导致第一PE设备反复发送第一报文和/或第二报文，还可以在第一PE设备的AC侧接口配置链路震荡抑制(damp interface)。第一PE设备基于该链路震荡抑制可以避免频繁触发DF设备的重新选举流程。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种报文发送方法，第一PE设备在确定DF设备切换为第二PE设备后，可以向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，使得该第二PE设备可以将该第一报 文转发至该两个PE设备共同连接的CE设备。由此，CE设备可以基于该第二PE设备转发的第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，并可以基于该MAC表项向该第二PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换为DF设备的第二PE设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种报文发送方法的流程图，该报文发送方法可以应用于采用CE多归属组网模式的EVPN网络中的第一PE设备，该EVPN网络还包括第二PE设备，该第一PE设备与该第二PE设备连接至同一个CE设备。例如，该第一PE设备可以为如图1或图2所示的PE2，该第二PE设备可以为图1或图2所示的PE1。若CE多归属组网模式中，CE设备所连接的PE设备的数量大于2，则该第一PE设备和第二PE设备可以为该CE设备所连接的多个PE设备中的任意两个PE设备。
下述实施例以第一PE设备与CE设备之间的链路正常，且第二PE设备与CE设备之间的链路正常时，第二PE设备为DF设备为例进行说明。并且，下述实施例不对第一PE设备和第二PE设备所属的厂商进行限定，即第一PE设备与第二PE设备可以是同一厂商的设备，也可以是不同厂商的设备。如图6所示，该方法包括：
S601、第一PE设备根据获取的第一指令，使能向CE设备发送第一报文的能力。
S602、第一PE设备根据获取的第二指令，使能向第二PE设备发送第二报文的能力。
该S601和S602的实现过程可以参考上述实施例中S301的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
S603、第一PE设备确定DF设备由第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备。
在第二PE设备为DF设备，且第一PE设备为非DF设备的场景下，若第二PE设备检测到其向CE设备发送报文的链路出现故障，则可以触发DF设备的重新选举流程。第一PE设备和第二PE设备重新选举DF设备后，DF设备可以由该第二PE设备切换为第一PE设备。
可选地，该第二PE设备可以在检测到用于与该CE设备连接的端口出现故障，或者，检测到该第二PE设备用于与其他网络设备(该其他网络设备与该CE设备连接)连接的端口出现故障，又或者，检测到该其他网络设备出现故障时，确定向CE设备发送报文的链路故障，进而可以触发DF设备的重新选举流程。
S604、第一PE设备根据该DF设备由该第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，向该CE设备发送第一报文。
该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。由于第一PE设备已经切换为DF设备，因此该第一PE设备可以直接向CE设备发送该第一报文。可选地，该第一报文可以为广播报文。该S604的实现过程可以参考上述实施例中S305的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
S605、第一PE设备确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换回该第二PE设备。
第二PE设备在检测到其与CE设备之间的链路故障恢复后，可以再次触发DF设备的重新选举流程。第一PE设备和第二PE设备再次选举DF设备后，该DF设备可以由该第一PE设备切换回该第二PE设备。
S606、第一PE设备向该第二PE设备发送第二报文。
第一PE设备确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换回该第二PE设备之后，可以生成第二报文，并向该第二PE设备发送该第二报文。该第二报文用于指示该第二PE设备向该CE设 备发送该第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。
可选地，该第二报文可以为广播报文。并且，为了避免水平分割机制导致第二PE设备不向CE设备转发该第二报文，该第二报文可以不包括ESI。或者，该第二报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
该S606的实现过程可以参考上述实施例中S303的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，对于该第一PE设备和第二PE设备为同一厂商的设备的场景，上述S602、S605和S606可以根据情况删除，并且，第二PE设备也可以执行上述S601、S603和S604所示的方法。也即是，当第一PE设备和第二PE设备为同一厂商的设备时，可以使得第一PE设备和第二PE设备均获取到该第一指令，从而使得每个PE设备均能够使能向CE设备发送第一报文的能力。并且，每个PE设备均无需使能向另一个PE设备发送第二报文的能力。在该场景中，当第一PE设备和第二PE设备中的任一PE设备切换为DF设备后，该DF设备即可生成第一报文，并直接向CE设备发送该第一报文。由于无需另一个PE设备转发第一报文，因此可以提高该第一报文的发送效率，减少第一报文发送过程中所占用的网络资源。
对于该第一PE设备和第二PE设备为同一厂商的设备的场景，上述S602、S605和S606也可以保留。并且，第二PE设备也可以执行上述S601至S606所示的方法。也即是，当第一PE设备和第二PE设备为同一厂商的设备时，可以使得第一PE设备和第二PE设备均获取到该第一指令，且均获取到该第二指令，从而使得每个PE设备均能够使能向CE设备发送第一报文的能力，且能够使能向另一个PE设备发送第二报文的能力。进而，当第一PE设备和第二PE设备中的任一PE设备切换为DF设备后，该DF设备即可生成第一报文，并直接向CE设备发送该第一报文。而另一个切换为非DF设备的PE设备可以生成第二报文，并向该DF设备发送该第二报文，该DF设备进而可以将该第二报文转发至CE设备。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种报文发送方法，第一PE设备在切换为DF设备后，可以向CE设备发送第一报文。由此，CE设备可以基于该第一PE设备转发的第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，并可以基于该MAC表项向该第一PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换为DF设备的第一PE设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例提供的报文发送方法的步骤先后顺序可以进行适当调整，步骤也可以根据情况进行相应增减。例如，S304和S305可以根据情况删除。或者，S602可以在S601之前执行。又或者，S602、S605和S606可以根据情况删除。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种PE设备的结构示意图，该PE设备为第一PE设备，且该第一PE设备可以用于实现上述图3所示方法实施例中的报文发送方法。如图7所示，该第一PE设备包括：
第一确定模块701，用于确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备，其中，该第二PE设备与该第一PE设备连接至同一个用户边缘CE设备。该第一确定模块701的功能实现可以参考上述S302的相关描述。
发送模块702，用于向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，以指示该第二PE设备将该第一报文转发至该CE设备，该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的 MAC地址。该发送模块702的功能实现可以参考上述S303的相关描述。
可选地，该第一确定模块701，还用于在该发送模块向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文之后，确定DF设备由该第二PE设备切换回该第一PE设备。该第一确定模块701的功能实现还可以参考上述S304的相关描述。
该发送模块702，还用于向该CE设备发送第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。该发送模块702的功能实现还可以参考上述S305的相关描述。
可选地，该第一报文不包括以太网段标识ESI；或者，该第一报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
可选地，该第一报文和/或该第二报文为广播报文。
可选地，该发送模块702用于：在DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备到达预设时长之后，向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文。
可选地，如图7所示，该第一PE设备还可以包括：
使能模块703，用于在该发送模块向该第二PE设备发送第一报文之前，根据获取的指令，使能向该第二PE设备发送该第一报文的能力。该使能模块703的功能实现可以参考上述S301的相关描述。
可选地，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备为不同厂商的设备。
可选地，如图7所示，该第一PE设备包括：
第二确定模块704，用于在该第一确定模块确定DF设备由该第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备之前，确定该第一PE设备用于与该CE设备连接的端口出现故障；或者，确定该第一PE设备用于与其他网络设备连接的端口出现故障，或者，确定该其他网络设备出现故障，其中，该其他网络设备与该CE设备连接。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种第一PE设备，该第一PE设备在确定DF设备切换为第二PE设备后，可以向该第二PE设备发送第一报文，使得该第二PE设备可以将该第一报文转发至该两个PE设备共同连接的CE设备。由此，CE设备可以基于该第二PE设备转发的第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，并可以基于该MAC表项向该第二PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换为DF设备的第二PE设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种PE设备的结构示意图，该PE设备为第一PE设备，且该第一PE设备可以用于实现上述图6所示方法实施例中的报文发送方法。如图8所示，该第一PE设备包括：
确定模块801，用于确定DF设备由第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，其中，该第二PE设备与该第一PE设备连接至同一个用户边缘CE设备。该确定模块801的功能实现可以参考上述S603的相关描述。
发送模块802，用于根据该DF设备由该第二PE设备切换为该第一PE设备，向该CE设备发送第一报文，该第一报文的源MAC地址为该第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。该发送模块802的功能实现可以参考上述S604的相关描述。
可选地，该确定模块801，还用于在该发送模块向该CE设备发送该第一报文之后，确定 DF设备由该第一PE设备切换回该第二PE设备。该确定模块801的功能实现还可以参考上述S605的相关描述。
该发送模块802，还用于向该第二PE设备发送第二报文，该第二报文用于指示该第二PE设备向该CE设备发送该第二报文，该第二报文的源MAC地址为该目的网络设备的MAC地址。该发送模块802的功能实现还可以参考上述S606的相关描述。
可选地，该第二报文不包括以太网段标识ESI；或者，该第二报文包括ESI，且该ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，该目标以太网段为该第一PE设备与该CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
可选地，该第一报文和/或该第二报文为广播报文。
可选地，如图8所示，该第一PE设备还可以包括：
第一使能模块803，用于在该发送模块向该CE设备发送第一报文之前，根据获取的第一指令，使能向该CE设备发送该第一报文的能力。该第一使能模块803功能实现可以参考上述S601的相关描述。
可选地，如图8所示，该第一PE设备还可以包括：
第二使能模块804，用于在该发送模块向该第二PE设备发送第二报文之前，根据获取的第二指令，使能向该第二PE设备发送该第二报文的能力。该第二使能模块804功能实现可以参考上述S602的相关描述。
可选地，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备属于不同厂商的设备；或者，该第一PE设备和该第二PE设备属于同一厂商的设备。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种第一PE设备，该第一PE设备在切换为DF设备后，可以向CE设备发送第一报文。由此，CE设备可以基于该第一PE设备转发的第一报文及时生成或更新MAC表项，并可以基于该MAC表项向该第一PE设备发送报文。进而，即可由该切换为DF设备的第一PE设备转发来自CE设备的报文，从而可以确保从CE设备发出的上行流量的正常转发，避免CE设备的上行流量的中断。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的PE设备以及各模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
应理解的是，本申请实施例提供的PE设备还可以用专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)实现，或可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)实现，上述PLD可以是复杂程序逻辑器件(complex programmable logical device，CPLD)，现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。也可以通过软件实现上述方法实施例提供的网络接入方法，当通过软件实现上述方法实施例提供的报文发送方法时，该PE设备中的各个模块也可以为软件模块。
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种PE设备的结构示意图，该PE设备900可以为上述任一实施例中第一PE设备。该PE设备900可以为交换机，路由器或者其他转发报文的网路设备。在该实施例中，该PE设备900包括：主控板910、接口板930和接口板940。多个接口板的情况下可以包括交换网板(图中未示出)，该交换网板用于完成各接口板(接口板也称为线卡或业务板)之间的数据交换。
主控板910用于完成系统管理、设备维护、协议处理等功能。接口板930和940用于提供各种业务接口(例如，POS接口、GE接口、ATM接口等)，并实现报文的转发。主控板910上主要有3类功能单元：系统管理控制单元、系统时钟单元和系统维护单元。主控板910、接口板930以及接口板940之间通过系统总线与系统背板相连实现互通。接口板930上包括一个或多个处理器931。处理器931用于对接口板进行控制管理并与主控板上的中央处理器进行通信，以及用于报文的转发处理。接口板930上的存储器932用于存储转发表项，处理器931通过查找存储器932中存储的转发表项进行报文的转发。
该接口板930包括一个或多个网络接口933用于接收上一跳节点发送的报文，并根据处理器931的指示向下一跳节点发送处理后的报文。具体实现过程这里不再逐一赘述。所述处理器931的具体功能这里同样不再逐一赘述。
可以理解，如图9所示，本实施例中包括多个接口板，采用分布式的转发机制，这种机制下，接口板940上的操作与所述接口板930的操作基本相似，为了简洁，不再赘述。此外，可以理解的是，图9中的接口板930中的处理器931和/或941可以是专用硬件或芯片，如网络处理器或者专用集成电路来实现上述功能，这种实现方式即为通常所说的转发面采用专用硬件或芯片处理的方式。在另外的实施方式中，所述处理器931和/或941也可以采用通用的处理器，如通用的CPU来实现以上描述的功能。
此外，可以理解的是，主控板可能有一块或多块，有多块的时候可以包括主用主控板和备用主控板。接口板可能有一块或多块，该设备的数据处理能力越强，提供的接口板越多。多块接口板的情况下，该多块接口板之间可以通过一块或多块交换网板通信，有多块的时候可以共同实现负荷分担冗余备份。在集中式转发架构下，该设备可以不需要交换网板，接口板承担整个系统的业务数据的处理功能。在分布式转发架构下，该设备包括多块接口板，可以通过交换网板实现多块接口板之间的数据交换，提供大容量的数据交换和处理能力。所以，分布式架构的网络设备的数据接入和处理能力要大于集中式架构的设备。具体采用哪种架构，取决于具体的组网部署场景，此处不做任何限定。
具体的实施例中，存储器932可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其它类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其它类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only Memory，CD-ROM)或其它光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘或者其它磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质，但不限于此。存储器932可以是独立存在，通过通信总线与处理器931相连接。存储器932也可以和处理器931集成在一起。
存储器932用于存储程序代码，并由处理器931来控制执行，以执行上述实施例所提供的报文发送方法。处理器931用于执行存储器932中存储的程序代码。程序代码中可以包括一个或多个软件模块。这一个或多个软件模块可以为上述图7和图8任一实施例中提供的功能模块。
具体实施例中，该网络接口933，可以是使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其它设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless  local area networks，WLAN)等。
图10是本申请实施例提供的再一种PE设备的结构示意图，该PE设备1000可以应用于如图1、图2、图4或图5所示的系统。参考图10，该PE设备1000可以包括：处理器1001、存储器1002、收发器1003和总线1004。其中，总线1004用于连接处理器1001、存储器1002和收发器1003。通过收发器1003(可以是有线或者无线)可以实现与其他设备之间的通信连接。存储器1002中存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序用于实现各种应用功能。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，处理器1001可以是CPU，该处理器1001还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、GPU或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者是任何常规的处理器等。
存储器1002可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是ROM、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、EEPROM或闪存。易失性存储器可以是RAM，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data date SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
总线1004除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线1004。
处理器1001被配置为执行存储器1002中存储的计算机程序，处理器1001通过执行该计算机程序10021来实现上述方法实施例所示的报文发送方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，该指令由处理器执行以实现如上述方法实施例提供的报文发送方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法实施例提供的报文发送方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统可以为EVPN网络，如图1、图2、图4和图5所示，该通信系统可以包括CE设备，以及与该CE设备连接的PE设备。该PE设备为如上述实施例提供的第一PE设备。该系统中还可以包括其他一个或多个PE设备，该其他一个或多个PE设备可以与该PE设备同属于CE设备的多归属设备。
例如，参考图1，该通信系统可以包括CE1，以及与该CE1连接的PE1和PE2，该PE1或PE2为如上述实施例提供的第一PE设备。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意结合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包 括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如：同轴电缆、光纤、数据用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如：红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如：软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如：数字通用光盘(digital versatile disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如：固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的可选实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种报文发送方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一运营商边缘PE设备确定指定转发者DF设备由所述第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备，其中，所述第二PE设备与所述第一PE设备连接至同一个用户边缘CE设备；
    所述第一PE设备向所述第二PE设备发送第一报文，以指示所述第二PE设备将所述第一报文转发至所述CE设备，所述第一报文的源介质访问控制MAC地址为所述第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一PE设备向所述第二PE设备发送所述第一报文之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一PE设备确定DF设备由所述第二PE设备切换回所述第一PE设备；
    所述第一PE设备向所述CE设备发送第二报文，所述第二报文的源MAC地址为所述目的网络设备的MAC地址。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报文不包括以太网段标识ESI；
    或者，所述第一报文包括ESI，且所述ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，所述目标以太网段为所述第一PE设备与所述CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报文和/或所述第二报文为广播报文。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一PE设备向所述第二PE设备发送所述第一报文，包括：
    所述第一PE设备在DF设备由所述第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备到达预设时长之后，向所述第二PE设备发送所述第一报文。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一PE设备向所述第二PE设备发送第一报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一PE设备根据获取的指令，使能向所述第二PE设备发送所述第一报文的能力。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一PE设备和所述第二PE设备为不同厂商的设备。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一PE设备确定DF设备由所述第一PE设备切换为第二PE设备之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一PE设备确定所述第一PE设备用于与所述CE设备连接的端口出现故障；或者，所述第一PE设备确定所述第一PE设备用于与其他网络设备连接的端口出现故障；或者，所 述第一PE设备确定所述其他网络设备出现故障，其中，所述其他网络设备与所述CE设备连接。
  9. 一种报文发送方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一运营商边缘PE设备确定指定转发者DF设备由第二PE设备切换为所述第一PE设备，其中，所述第二PE设备与所述第一PE设备连接至同一个用户边缘CE设备；
    所述第一PE设备根据所述DF设备由所述第二PE设备切换为所述第一PE设备，向所述CE设备发送第一报文，所述第一报文的源介质访问控制MAC地址为所述第一PE设备学习到的目的网络设备的MAC地址。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一PE设备向所述CE设备发送所述第一报文之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一PE设备确定DF设备由所述第一PE设备切换回所述第二PE设备；
    所述第一PE设备向所述第二PE设备发送第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述第二PE设备向所述CE设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二报文的源MAC地址为所述目的网络设备的MAC地址。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二报文不包括以太网段标识ESI；
    或者，所述第二报文包括ESI，且所述ESI的取值为与目标以太网段的ESI不同的特殊值，所述目标以太网段为所述第一PE设备与所述CE设备之间的链路所属的以太网段。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报文和/或所述第二报文为广播报文。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第一PE设备向所述CE设备发送第一报文之前，所述第一PE设备根据获取的第一指令，使能向所述CE设备发送所述第一报文的能力。
  14. 根据权利要求10或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第一PE设备向所述第二PE设备发送第二报文之前，所述第一PE设备根据获取的第二指令，使能向所述第二PE设备发送所述第二报文的能力。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一PE设备和所述第二PE设备属于不同厂商的设备；或者，
    所述第一PE设备和所述第二PE设备属于同一厂商的设备。
  16. 一种运营商边缘PE设备，其特征在于，所述PE设备包括存储器和处理器；
    所述存储器用于存储计算机程序；
    所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序以使得所述PE设备执行如权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，或者，执行如权利要求9至15任一项所述的方法。
  17. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，所述指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，或者，执行如权利要求9至15任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：用户边缘CE设备，以及与所述CE设备连接的运营商边缘PE设备，所述PE设备为如权利要求16所述的设备。
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