WO2022017214A1

WO2022017214A1 - Electric vehicle charging device based on solar power generation

Info

Publication number: WO2022017214A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/105747
Authority: WO
Inventors: 林浩生
Original assignee: 林浩生
Priority date: 2020-07-19
Filing date: 2021-07-12
Publication date: 2022-01-27

Abstract

An electric vehicle charging system based on solar power generation, comprising a solar panel fixed on a vehicle roof, and an intelligent voltage conversion and control module. Voltage output of the solar panel fixed on the vehicle roof is connected to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module; an output voltage of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module charges an electric vehicle power battery; the intelligent voltage conversion and control module is used for controlling and exciting the fixed solar panel under different light intensities at different times to generate power at a maximum conversion rate, is in communication connection to the electrical vehicle by means of an internal charging controller, outputs the maximum power to charge the power battery to make the charging level reach a level for practical use, and monitors charging for protection, achieving a good appearance and safety. The charging system enables solar power-based charging to be applied in electric vehicles, and can be popularized and promoted.

Description

An electric vehicle charging device powered by solar energy

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of charging of electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles, and more particularly, relates to a charging system and a control method that rely on solar energy to generate electricity and efficiently and practically assist the charging of electric vehicles;

Background technique

With the enhancement of social awareness of environmental protection and some obvious advantages of electric vehicles, the use of electric vehicles has increased rapidly, but the charging problem of electric vehicles has also received great attention. The charging of electric vehicles is relatively troublesome, and many charging problems have not been solved. It can be completely solved, especially the garage parking spaces of many families have not been installed with charging piles, the charging current is large, the load is large, and the number of charging stations in some places is very small, and electric vehicles must be plugged in and charged every day. It is relatively troublesome to get up, which has always troubled consumers and the convenience of using cars, which has restricted the promotion and popularization of electric vehicles;

In addition, the previous solar energy system has shortcomings, lacks practicability, and cannot be promoted and recognized in actual consumption. The details are as follows:

1. In other parts of the solar system design, there is no power generation characteristics for solar panels, lack of voltage conversion, maximum power calculation control, and failure to effectively control the solar panels to be in the maximum power generation state, resulting in a serious reduction in conversion efficiency and power generation, and power generation. Greatly reduced, the power generation effect is weak, this problem is very serious, it is the key disadvantage that the charging capacity cannot meet the actual application requirements;

2. In the case where the electricity generated by the solar panel or the converted voltage cannot be directly charged to the power battery, in the previous solar charging scheme, there is a lack of connection, communication, docking and control functions, and it cannot be docked and charged for real vehicles. , failed to solve the practical problem of solar charging, and failed to apply to actual charging;

3. In addition, the charging requirements and safety level of electric vehicles are very high. In the battery application of external electric vehicles with extremely high safety, the previous solar charging scheme lacks independent voltage detection and monitoring of heating, and it is easy to damage the battery due to overcharging. Or cause battery safety problems;

Therefore, the improvement of the above problems and shortcomings and the combination of the improved integrity are indispensable; to design a solar charging device with complete structure, which can reach the level of daily practical application, safe and convenient for charging When the charging methods of charging piles are combined with each other, it will greatly save the number of charging stations, reduce the amount of electricity charged by the country, make the car more cost-effective, change the energy structure, reduce the electricity consumption of the mains, and be more environmentally friendly. , has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and solve the above technical problems, with a complete and practical design, the existing problems and shortcomings are solved and integrated, so that the system can not only charge the power battery, but also realize the limited area car body. Increase the power generation from time to time to make the power generation reach the daily practical level; after the power generation meets the requirements, it is necessary to intelligently calculate and control the solar panels that generate electricity to charge the battery with the maximum power and maximum conversion rate to charge the battery, so that the charging capacity also reaches the daily level. At a practical level, it solves the basic charging needs of the public, and adds a charging control module to make solar charging more secure; at the same time, the solar panel has the same area as the roof, and there is a gap between the roof and the roof, which can block sunlight and lower the roof. The temperature and the temperature of the whole vehicle do not affect the appearance and normal driving of the body, so that the body will not be rapidly heated due to exposure to the sun;

In order to solve the problems existing in the above technical background and realize the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An electric vehicle charging system powered by solar energy, comprising a solar panel on the top of the vehicle, an intelligent voltage conversion and a control module,

The solar panel is connected to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module, and the voltage output end of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module is connected to the charging port of the electric vehicle or to the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the intelligent voltage conversion and control module is used for Control the solar panel to generate the maximum conversion rate and maximum charging power under different light intensities in different time periods, and realize the connection with the electric vehicle control circuit to charge the electric vehicle power battery and monitor the battery voltage;

The intelligent voltage conversion and control module includes a MCU intelligent calculation controller, a current sensor, a voltage value detection circuit, a voltage converter, a charging controller and a low-voltage 12v battery, and the current sensor and the voltage value detection circuit detect the charging current respectively. and voltage, and is connected with the MCU intelligent computing controller, the MCU intelligent computing controller is connected with the voltage converter, the output of the voltage converter is connected with the charging controller, and the MCU intelligent computing controller is set under the same light intensity for a certain period of time, Control the voltage converter to convert to generate different voltages, calculate and memorize different charging power and parameters according to the returned voltage and current, select the parameters corresponding to the maximum power to control the output voltage of the voltage transformer, and charge the vehicle power battery through the charging controller.

The voltage converter is a DC/DC voltage converter or a DC/AC voltage converter, which is controlled by the MCU intelligent calculation controller and can output a continuously adjustable voltage.

The charging controller is a charging controller that includes handshake communication and control functions according to the interface standard of the original vehicle charging socket. The input terminal of the charging controller is connected to the output terminal of the voltage converter, and the output terminal of the charging controller is connected to the original DC of the electric vehicle. The charging port is connected to the positive and negative poles of the power battery, or connected to the AC charging port of the electric vehicle to charge the electric vehicle; the charging controller is also connected to the MCU intelligent computing controller, which controls the charging control the charger to start or stop charging.

A motor controller is further added to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module, and a telescopic strut is further added below the solar panel. One end of the telescopic strut is fixed on the roof, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the solar panel on the roof. Hinged, the telescopic struts are 3, which are respectively connected with the motor controller. The motor controller controls the telescopic struts to expand and contract, change the height of the fulcrum of the solar panel, and change the plane angle of the solar panel, so that the solar panel is close to perpendicular to the sun's rays. , receive a larger effective area of light.

The 12v battery is connected with other components in the intelligent voltage conversion and control module, and provides the power required for work.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention mainly increases the electric vehicle with a larger roof area, and has certain value.

Mainly, according to the characteristics of the maximum conversion rate of solar panels, by adding intelligent voltage conversion and control modules, through MCU calculation, and choosing to control different light intensities, the maximum power parameters can be calculated, so that the solar panels can output the maximum power and obtain the maximum power. Conversion rate and total power generation, and through the charging controller, the maximum power generated from conversion can be used to charge electric vehicles in real time;

Through the charging controller including the handshake signal communication protocol function in the intelligent voltage conversion and control module, the electric energy can be charged to the electric vehicle in reality. In the case of large changes, and in the case of large changes in the voltage of electric vehicles, ensure charging safety;

For flat solar panels, the function of changing the plane angle can be further increased, and a larger effective light irradiation area can be obtained in different time periods;

Combining the above effects, the solar charging system of the present invention is close to the practical requirements and practical level of daily charging to a certain extent. If solar charging can be done every day, there will be a relatively objective charging amount accumulated, which can alleviate and reduce artificial charging piles to a certain extent. The hassle of charging.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic topology diagram of the principle of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic topological schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic topological schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.

7 , 8 and 9 are three schematic diagrams of the structure of the present invention in which the output end b of the charging controller connects and charges the power battery.

10 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the telescopic strut and the solar panel in the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the telescopic strut in the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 7 and 10, a first embodiment of the present invention is a solar-powered electric vehicle charging system, which includes a solar panel 1 on the top of the vehicle, an intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2, and the The solar panel 1 is connected to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2, and the voltage output terminal b of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 is connected to the DC charging port of the electric vehicle; the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 is used for different time periods. Control the voltage of the solar panel to generate the maximum conversion rate and the maximum charging power to charge the electric vehicle power battery under different light intensities, and monitor the battery voltage;

The intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 includes a 12v starting battery connection, and the low-voltage 12v battery provides the power required for work.

After adopting the above structure, the present invention controls the power generation state of the roof solar panel 1 through the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2, and can control the solar panel to generate the voltage of the maximum conversion rate and the maximum charging power to the electric vehicle in real time under different light intensities in different time periods. The power battery 53 is charged to stimulate and control the solar panel to emit maximum electric energy, so as to be in a state of maximum power output in real time; and through the internal charging controller, in actual production and life applications, the high-voltage power battery of electric vehicles is actually charged; in actual production , the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 is installed under the solar panel 1 on the roof or under the front cover of the vehicle.

The present invention controls and excites the solar panel to generate the maximum conversion rate and the maximum power generation power, and realizes the connection and charging with the vehicle, and comprehensively improves the charging power and practicability. The diagram is described in detail, as follows:

As shown in Fig. 2, in the electric vehicle charging system based on solar power, the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 includes an MCU intelligent calculation controller 21, a current sensor 22, a voltage value detection The circuit 23, the voltage converter 24, the charging controller 25 and the low-voltage 12v battery 26, the current sensor 22 and the voltage value detection circuit 23 respectively detect the charging current and voltage, and are connected with the MCU intelligent calculation controller 21, the MCU intelligent calculation The controller 21 is connected with the voltage converter 24, and the output of the voltage converter 24 is linked with the charging controller 25; the MCU intelligent calculation control device 21 sets a certain period of time under the same light intensity, and controls the voltage converter to convert to generate different voltages. Current sensor and voltage detection circuit, detect different charging current and charging voltage, calculate and memorize different charging power, calculation formula: power P=Ui*I, select the voltage conversion parameter corresponding to the maximum power to control the output charging voltage of the voltage transformer through The charging controller 25 charges the vehicle power battery 53, and controls each time period in real time to obtain the maximum conversion rate and the maximum charging power under the same light intensity. According to the characteristics of the solar panel, under a fixed area and a fixed light intensity, the output power will also be greatly changed by the load, instead of outputting a fixed power. Therefore, through intelligent control of voltage conversion, through intelligent calculation, find the maximum power point , so that on the basis of expanding the solar energy receiving area under different illumination, controlling the real-time maximum power output has become the main factor for charging to reach a practical level.

After adopting the above structure, the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 can calculate the generated power under the unit illumination intensity within a certain period of time with approximately the same illumination intensity, thereby judging the illumination intensity and sending an illumination intensity signal to the solar panel state control device , On the other hand, the internal voltage converter is controlled in real time, the actual charging power obtained by calculating and memorizing different parameters, looking for the parameters corresponding to the maximum power, and controlling the voltage converter to convert the voltage corresponding to the output maximum charging power, thereby stimulating the control of solar energy. The board is in the maximum generating power output state.

As shown in Fig. 2, in the electric vehicle charging system based on solar power, the voltage converter 24 is a DC/DC voltage converter 240, which is a kind of MCU intelligent computing controller 21. A voltage converter that can control and output continuous voltage regulation; the charging controller 25 includes communication handshake and control functions according to the interface standard of the original vehicle DC charging socket, the input end of the charging controller 25 is connected to the voltage converter, and the charging controller 25 The voltage output terminal b is connected to the original DC charging port 51 of the electric vehicle as the voltage output terminal b of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 to charge the electric vehicle. In the present invention, the principle structure of the first embodiment shown in the present invention, the principle structure of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown, the voltage converter adopts a controlled and adjustable DC/DC voltage converter 240 inside, charging The controller includes handshake communication and control functions according to the standard of the original vehicle DC charging interface. The voltage output by the voltage converter enters the charging controller, and the output terminal b of the charging controller is connected to the DC charging port 51 of the electric vehicle. The connection method is: preferably As shown in Figure 7, the end of the output terminal b adopts a plug, which is connected to the charging port of the body, or alternatively, as shown in Figure 8, the output terminal b is connected to the rear end of the charging socket. In practical production applications, Or further, as shown in Figure 9, in the early stage of vehicle design, the charging socket is derived from the sub-charging inlet built in the in-vehicle charging control circuit, and the output terminal b is connected to the sub-charging inlet, so as to be connected to the vehicle. The DC charging control circuit module 52 is integrated into one body; all of the above methods can realize that the output voltage of the charging controller 25 can be used to charge the electric vehicle power battery through the in-vehicle charging control circuit.

After the above structure is adopted, the electricity generated by the light source can be connected to the charging port of the electric vehicle through the charging controller 25 of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 to charge the electric vehicle, and monitor the charging process of the battery to prevent overvoltage charging; During the production process, the output terminal b of the charging controller 25 can be further connected to the in-vehicle charging control circuit, and the design is integrated by reserving ports to unify the handshake control method and communication protocol.

The charging controller 25 is also connected with the MCU intelligent computing controller 21, which is controlled by mutual communication, and also includes the function of preventing voltage overshoot; When the charging controller detects artificial charging or when it detects that the protective cover of the charging port is artificially opened, it sends a notification message to the MCU intelligent computing controller 21, and the MCU intelligent computing controller 41 issues an instruction to control the voltage converter to stop inverting the output voltage. , and control the charging controller 25 to release the circuit connection with the charging port to prevent charging conflicts; when fully charged, the charging controller 25 will notify the MCU intelligent computing controller 21 to stop solar power generation and charging. When the manual external charging is withdrawn and the conditions are met, the connection with the internal circuit at the rear end of the charging port is restored, and the solar charging mode is restored;

After the above structure is adopted, it is realized that the maximum power and voltage output can be connected with the electric vehicle in practical application for charging, and the charging power and charging capacity can also be practical, and at the same time, it has the protection function, which is feasible;

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, in actual production and application, a diode is connected in series to the voltage output end of the solar panel to prevent current from flowing backward.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , in the electric vehicle charging system powered by solar energy, a retractable strut 315 can be further added below the solar panel 1 , and a motor control can be added to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 at the same time. One end of the telescopic strut 315 is fixed on the roof of the vehicle, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the fixed solar panel 1 . There are three telescopic struts 315, which form a triangular structure with the fixed support point of the fixed solar panel. The telescopic strut 315 is provided with a strut motor 120 and a screw rod 121, and one end of the screw rod 121 is connected with the strut motor 120. The other end of the screw rod 121 is hinged with the bottom of the fixed solar panel 1 . The roof solar panel 1 is installed on the roof through a telescopic strut 315 , and the strut motor 120 is driven by the motor controller 26 . After the above structure is adopted, the MCU intelligent calculation controller 21 in the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 controls the extension and retraction of the pole through the motor controller, adjusts the height of the three poles, and adjusts the three support points to change the plane angle of the solar panel At the same time, according to the parameters detected by the voltage detection circuit 23 and the current sensor 22, when the maximum voltage or maximum power is obtained, the solar panel can be intelligently judged to be close to perpendicular to the sun's rays, and stop changing the angle.

After adopting the above structure, in different time periods, according to the above method, the surface of the solar panel is nearly perpendicular to the sunlight, and a larger and more effective light receiving area is obtained under different light angles. After adjusting the angle of the solar panel, the angle of the solar panel remains unchanged for a certain period of time. The MCU intelligent calculation and control device 21 sets the same light intensity for a certain period of time, and controls the voltage converter to select and control the solar panel to generate the maximum conversion rate and At maximum power, the vehicle power battery 53 is charged through the charging controller 25 .

The above structures are described as specific implementations of the first embodiment. In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the structural diagram in FIG. 3 and the principle topology diagram in FIG. 4, the difference from the first embodiment is that the voltage output terminal of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 is connected to the power battery of the electric vehicle. The positive and negative poles are connected; in actual production and application, the principle structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is adopted, the charging controller 25 includes a switch control function, and the voltage output of the voltage converter 240 enters the charging controller 25, and the charging controller 25 The positive and negative poles of the output end b of the power battery are directly connected to the positive and negative poles of the power battery; in the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, it is different from the first embodiment in that the intelligent voltage conversion and control module 2 The voltage output terminal of the electric vehicle is connected to the AC charging port of the electric vehicle. In actual production and application, the principle structure of the embodiment shown in Figure 6 is adopted. The DC/AC voltage converter 241 is used inside the voltage converter, and the output voltage enters the charging control. The device 25 and the charging controller 25 include handshake communication and control functions according to the standard of the original vehicle AC charging interface. The output terminal b of the charging controller is connected with the AC charging port 54 of the electric vehicle, that is, the AC slow charging port. 7. The structure shown in FIG. 8, or further, as shown in FIG. 9, connect the output terminal b to the AC charging control circuit module 55 in the vehicle, and integrate it into one; The protocol standard and the handshake control circuit are customized and matched.

In actual production and application, the electric vehicle described in the present invention includes a pure electric electric vehicle, and also includes a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An electric vehicle charging system relying on solar power to generate electricity, characterized in that it comprises a solar panel (1) located on the top of the vehicle, an intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2), the solar panel (1) and the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2) Connection, the voltage output end of the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2) is connected to the charging port of the electric vehicle or connected to the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2) is used for different times It controls the solar panel to generate the maximum conversion rate and maximum charging power under different light intensities, and connects with the electric vehicle and controls the charging to monitor the charging process.
An electric vehicle charging system based on solar power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2) comprises an MCU intelligent calculation controller (21), a current sensor (22), a voltage A value detection circuit (23), a voltage converter (24), a charging controller (25) and a low voltage 12v battery (26), the current inductor (22) and the voltage value detection circuit (23) respectively detect charging current and voltage , and is connected with the MCU intelligent computing controller (21), the MCU intelligent computing controller (21) is connected with the voltage converter (24), and the output of the voltage converter (24) is connected with the charging controller (25), the MCU intelligent The calculation controller (21) sets a certain period of time under the same light intensity to control the voltage converter to convert into different voltages, calculates and memorizes different charging powers and parameters according to the returned voltage and current, and selects the parameters corresponding to the maximum power The output voltage of the voltage transformer is controlled, and the electric vehicle is charged through the charging controller (25).
The electric vehicle charging system relying on solar power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the voltage converter (24) is a DC/DC voltage converter (240) or a DC/AC voltage converter (241), which is controlled by the MCU The intelligent calculation controller (21) controls and can output a continuously adjustable voltage.
The electric vehicle charging system relying on solar power generation according to claim 2, wherein the charging controller (25) is a charging controller (25) that includes handshake communication and control functions according to the interface standard of the original vehicle charging socket. ), the input terminal of the charging controller (25) is connected to the output terminal of the voltage converter (24), and the output terminal of the charging controller (25) is connected to the original DC charging port (51) of the electric vehicle, or to the positive terminal of the power battery (53). The negative pole is connected, or connected with the AC charging port (54) of the electric vehicle to charge the electric vehicle; the charging controller (25) is also connected with the MCU intelligent calculation controller (21), which controls the MCU intelligent calculation controller (21). The charging controller (25) starts or stops charging.
An electric vehicle charging system relying on solar power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: a motor controller (27) is further added to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2), and a motor controller (27) is further added to the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2). A telescopic support rod (315) is further added, one end of the telescopic support rod (315) is fixed on the roof of the vehicle, and the other end is hinged with the bottom of the solar panel (1). There are three telescopic support rods, which are respectively connected with the motor The controller (27) is connected, and the motor controller (27) controls the expansion and contraction of the telescopic strut (315), changes the height of the fulcrum of the solar panel, and changes the plane angle of the solar panel, so that the solar panel is nearly perpendicular to the sun's rays, and receives more light. Effective area.
An electric vehicle charging system relying on solar power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the 12v battery (26) is connected with each component in the intelligent voltage conversion and control module (2), and provides the required work power supply.