WO2022016324A1 - 一种信号同步方法、通信装置和通信系统 - Google Patents

一种信号同步方法、通信装置和通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022016324A1
WO2022016324A1 PCT/CN2020/103056 CN2020103056W WO2022016324A1 WO 2022016324 A1 WO2022016324 A1 WO 2022016324A1 CN 2020103056 W CN2020103056 W CN 2020103056W WO 2022016324 A1 WO2022016324 A1 WO 2022016324A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
technical standard
synchronization
switching operation
terminal device
identifiers
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PCT/CN2020/103056
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨志武
刘俊
陈洪强
常俊仁
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CN202080104854.8A priority Critical patent/CN116250297A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/103056 priority patent/WO2022016324A1/zh
Publication of WO2022016324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022016324A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal synchronization method, a communication device, and a communication system.
  • vehicle wireless communication technology vehicle to x, V2X, or called vehicle networking technology
  • the transmitter device and the receiver device need to perform signal synchronization first.
  • the transmitter device and the receiver device also need to perform signal synchronization.
  • the transmitting end device and the receiving end device may perform signal synchronization through a synchronization signal.
  • the synchronization signal may be sent by the transmitting end device.
  • the receiving end device receives the synchronization signal and performs signal synchronization with the transmitting end device accordingly.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a signal synchronization method, a communication device, and a communication system, which relate to the field of communication technologies and enable a terminal device (such as a first terminal device) to perform corresponding switching according to the type and/or quantity of received synchronization signals
  • the operation enables the first terminal device to flexibly adjust the corresponding technical standards according to the current V2X communication requirements, so that the first terminal can perform signal synchronization with the second terminal with higher communication requirements, thereby ensuring normal V2X communication.
  • the signal synchronization method provided in this application can be used in V2X communication, and can also be applied in other scenarios that require interaction between terminal devices, for example, in device to device (device to device, D2D) communication In scenarios such as relay communication, this method can be used to achieve signal synchronization.
  • a first aspect provides a signal synchronization method, the method includes: receiving synchronization signals from M second terminal devices, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the synchronization signal includes a second signal for instructing to send a corresponding synchronization signal
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 1
  • the synchronization signal includes a second signal for instructing to send a corresponding synchronization signal
  • the terminal device corresponds to the identifier of the technical standard
  • the first terminal device corresponds to the first technical standard
  • the M second terminal devices work under the first technical standard or the second technical standard.
  • the switching operation is determined according to the M identifiers included in the synchronization signals.
  • the switching operation is the first switching operation of switching the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device to the second technical standard, or the switching operation is not the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device Switch to the second switching operation of the second technical standard.
  • the terminal after receiving synchronization signals from other terminal equipment (such as the second terminal equipment), the terminal (such as the first terminal equipment) can determine the corresponding synchronization signal according to the identification carried in these synchronization signals.
  • the current technical standard of the second terminal device according to which the first terminal device can determine whether to switch the current technical standard so as to perform V2X communication with the second terminal device. It should be understood that since different terminals may work under different technical standards (that is, corresponding to different technical standards), when the first terminal device needs to perform V2X communication, it needs to connect itself to the V2X communication requirements of other terminals.
  • the technical standard of the terminal is adjusted to the same or compatible technical standard as the terminal with higher communication requirements.
  • the first terminal device can accurately determine which technical standard has a higher communication demand in the current communication environment, and adjust its own technical standard accordingly, so as to Ensure the smooth progress of V2X communication.
  • the synchronization signal includes a master information block (MIB).
  • MIB master information block
  • the identifier is contained in the MIB.
  • a possible implementation manner of the identification is provided, that is, the identification is set in a reserved bit in the MIB.
  • the identifier may also be carried in other data blocks included in the synchronization signal, for example, the identifier may be carried in the SIB.
  • the setting of the flag may also be realized by multiplexing occupied data bits in MIB or SIB or other information, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application .
  • determining the switching operation according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals includes: determining the switching operation according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals and preset parameters: the preset parameters include The first threshold, and/or the second threshold, and/or the first timer, and/or the second timer, and/or the signal power of the synchronization signal.
  • the first terminal device determines whether the current technical standard needs to be switched according to the identification of the synchronization signal, that is, determines whether the switching is required through preset parameters.
  • the preset parameter may be preset in the first terminal device, or may be configured by the network device to the first terminal device.
  • the preset parameters can also be dynamically configured, or the first terminal can determine by itself according to the current V2X communication demand and/or its own working state.
  • the configuration of the preset parameters can be flexibly selected in different implementation scenarios.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameter includes the first threshold, and determining the switching operation according to the M identifiers of the synchronization signals includes: when among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals, the number of identifiers set to the first value is greater than the first value. When the threshold value is reached, the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the first terminal device can determine, according to the identifier carried by the synchronization signal, whether the number of second terminal devices working in the same first technical standard as the first terminal device occupies a large proportion in the current V2X communication requirements (such as When it is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that there are many second terminal devices working in the first technical standard in the current V2X communication requirements.
  • the first terminal device can switch the corresponding technical standard to the same technical standard as the technical standard of the second terminal device with greater communication requirements, so that the first terminal device can satisfy the second terminal with greater V2X communication requirements
  • the terminal device corresponds to the first technical standard (or the second technical standard), that is, the terminal device currently works on the first technical standard (or the second technical standard). It should be understood that, in other usage scenarios, the terminal device may also work under other technical standards different from the first technical standard.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameter includes the first threshold value and the first timer, and determining the switching operation according to the identifiers of the M synchronization signals includes: when the identifiers of the M synchronization signals are set to the first value When the number of identifiers is greater than the first threshold, or within the time period corresponding to the first timer, the number of received synchronization signals carrying the identifiers set to the first value is greater than the first threshold, then the switching operation is as follows: the second switching operation.
  • the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the first terminal device may determine whether it is necessary to switch the current technical standard in order to meet the current technical standard according to the situation of the technical standard corresponding to the second terminal device corresponding to the received synchronization signal within the time counted by the first timer. requirements for V2X communication.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameter includes a second threshold, and determining the switching operation according to the M identifiers of the synchronization signals includes: when among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals, the number of identifiers set to the second value is greater than the second threshold , the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the switching operation is the second switching operation. Based on this solution, another solution is provided for the first terminal device to determine whether to switch the current technical standard.
  • the first terminal device may, according to the second terminal device corresponding to the received synchronization signal, the number of the second terminal device working in the first technical standard (that is, the number of identifiers set to the second value) and the second threshold In the current V2X communication demand, determine whether the number of second terminal devices working under the same technical standard as the first terminal device meets the demand, if the demand is met (such as greater than the number of identifiers set to the second value is greater than the number of the first terminal device) two thresholds), then the switching of the technical standard is not performed, otherwise, the switching of the technical standard is performed.
  • the second terminal device corresponding to the received synchronization signal
  • the number of the second terminal device working in the first technical standard that is, the number of identifiers set to the second value
  • the second threshold In the current V2X communication demand, determine whether the number of second terminal devices working under the same technical standard as the first terminal device meets the demand, if the demand is met (such as greater than the number of identifiers set to the second value is
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameter includes the second threshold, and the second timer, which determines the switching operation according to the identifiers of the M synchronization signals, including: when the identifiers of the M synchronization signals are set to the second value When the number of identifiers is greater than the second threshold, and within the time period corresponding to the second timer, the number of received synchronization signals carrying the identifiers set to the second value is greater than the second threshold, then the switching operation is: the first switching operation.
  • the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the first terminal device may determine whether it is necessary to switch the current technical standard in order to meet the current technical standard according to the situation of the technical standard corresponding to the second terminal device corresponding to the received synchronization signal within the time counted by the first timer. requirements for V2X communication.
  • the method further includes: determining the signal power of each synchronization signal in the M synchronization signals.
  • the determining of the switching operation according to the identifiers of the M synchronization signals includes: according to the M synchronization signals, the signal power of the synchronization signal set to the first value and the signal power of the synchronization signal set to the second value power, which determines the switching operation.
  • another solution is provided for the first terminal device to determine whether to switch the current technical standard.
  • the first terminal device may carry the average signal power of the synchronization signal set to the first value and carry the average signal power of the synchronization signal set to the second value according to the received multiple synchronization signals, Determine whether it is necessary to switch the current technical standard to meet the current high demand for V2X communication.
  • the current V2X communication demand is determined according to the average signal power is only an example.
  • the first terminal device may also use other methods according to the power of each synchronization signal. Determine if the current technology standard needs to be switched.
  • the first terminal device may determine the priorities of different synchronization signals according to the power of the synchronization signals. For example, the higher the signal power, the higher the priority of the synchronization signal. According to the priority ranking, the first terminal device can determine whether to switch the current technical standard to meet the V2X communication requirement with higher priority.
  • the method further includes: when it is determined that the switching operation is the first switching operation, switching the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device to the second technical standard. Or, according to the authorization information, the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device is switched to the second technical standard.
  • the switching operation is the second switching operation
  • the first terminal device maintains the existing technical standard.
  • the first terminal device may perform the switching operation when determining to switch the current technical standard (eg, performing the first switching operation).
  • the current switching operation is maintained. In this way, the first terminal device can implement V2X communication with the second terminal device with high V2X communication requirements.
  • the first terminal device determines that the current technical standard needs to be switched, the current technical standard can be directly switched, which can realize fast switching of the technical standard of the first terminal device.
  • the first terminal device determines that the current technical standard needs to be switched, it may also switch the technical standard after obtaining the authorization information. It should be understood that, since the process of switching technical standards is relatively complicated for the first terminal device, and its internal mechanism has changed greatly, therefore, when the first terminal device determines that the technical standard needs to be switched, it can obtain authorization information to further determine Switching of technical standards is possible.
  • the authorization information is preset in the first terminal device, or the authorization information is obtained by sending an authorization request for requesting the authorization information. Based on this solution, an acquisition graph of authorization information is provided.
  • the authorization information may be preset in the first terminal device, so that after the first terminal device determines to initiate an authorization request, the first terminal device can directly use the authorization information to authorize the switching of technical standards , in order to obtain authorization information quickly.
  • the authorization information may be preset by the user in the first terminal device, or may be flexibly configured through a network device.
  • the first terminal device may send an authorization request to a network device or an upper layer, so as to acquire the authorization information configured in real time by the user or the network device.
  • obtaining the authorization information by sending an authorization request for requesting the authorization information includes: the access layer (AS) sends the authorization request to the upper layer, and the upper layer sends the authorization request to the AS layer according to the authorization request. Feedback the authorization information.
  • the authorization request is sent to the network device, and the network device feeds back the authorization information to the first terminal device according to the authorization request.
  • the first terminal device can send an authorization request to the upper layer through the AS layer, and the first terminal device can also communicate with the network device through its communication module, so as to send the authorization request to the network device.
  • the upper layer feeds back the authorization information to the AS layer according to the authorization request, including: the upper layer displays an interface corresponding to the authorization request on the display screen of the first terminal device, so as to receive a message indicating the authorization request.
  • Authorization action for authorization information or, the upper layer sends out a voice prompt corresponding to the authorization request, so as to receive the voice authorization information or the authorization operation for indicating the authorization information.
  • the upper layer can display the corresponding interface on the display screen so that the user can input the authorization information, and the latter can use the voice prompt and other methods so that the user can input the authorization through the corresponding channel (such as voice input). information.
  • the method when the authorization information is not received within a preset time after the authorization request is sent, the method further includes: determining that the switching operation is the second switching operation, or resending the authorization request .
  • a processing mechanism is provided if no feedback is received for a long time after the authorization request is sent.
  • a preset time can be set in the first terminal device, and the timing starts from the issuance of the authorization request. After the preset time is counted, if the authorization request (or the authorization information is rejected) is still not received, the first terminal device can confirm not to proceed.
  • the switching of technical standards is to perform the second switching operation. Alternatively, the first terminal device may resend the authorization request.
  • the synchronization signal further includes a side link primary synchronization signal (PSSS) and a side link secondary synchronization signal (SSSS).
  • PSSS side link primary synchronization signal
  • SSSS side link secondary synchronization signal
  • the method further includes: according to PSSS and SSSS in the synchronization signal sent by the second terminal device operating in the second technical standard Perform signal synchronization. Based on this solution, the first terminal device may perform corresponding signal synchronization based on the result of whether to perform the switching of the technical solution determined in the above design.
  • the first terminal device when the first terminal device determines not to switch the technical solution, it can perform signal synchronization according to the PSSS and SSSS in the synchronization signals carrying the identifier set to the second value among the M synchronization signals, so as to realize the first The V2X communication between the terminal device and the second terminal device working under the first technical standard.
  • the first terminal device when the first terminal device determines to perform switching of technical solutions, it can perform signal synchronization according to the PSSS and SSSS in the synchronization signals carrying the identifier set as the first value among the M synchronization signals, so as to realize the first The V2X communication between the terminal device and the second terminal device working under the second technical standard.
  • the second technical standard is the China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution (CCSA LTE) technical standard V2X) technical standards.
  • CCSA LTE Third Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution
  • the second technical standard is the 3GPP LTE-V2X technical standard.
  • the first technical standard is the wireless access vehicle networking (WAVE V2X) technical standard in the vehicle environment
  • the second technical standard is the wireless access vehicle networking (CCSA WAVE V2X) technical standard in the China Communications Standards Association vehicle environment.
  • the first technical standard is the CCSA WAVE V2X technical standard
  • the second technical standard is the WAVE V2X technical standard.
  • the second technical standard is the China Communications Standards Association New Air Interface Vehicle Networking (CCSA NR V2X) technical standard.
  • CCSA NR V2X China Communications Standards Association New Air Interface Vehicle Networking
  • the first technical standard is the CCSA NR V2X technical standard
  • the second technical standard is the NR V2X technical standard.
  • the underlying technologies of a technical standard and the second technical standard may also be different.
  • the underlying technologies of the first technical standard and the second technical standard may be different underlying technologies that are compatible with each other.
  • the terminal device working in the first technical standard can correctly parse the synchronization signal sent by the terminal device working in the second technical standard
  • the terminal working in the first technical standard can follow the first aspect above.
  • the methods provided in its possible designs perform the switching of technical standards and the synchronization of signals. Therefore, in this application, when the terminal device working in the first technical standard can correctly parse the synchronization signal sent by the terminal device working in the second technical standard, it can be considered as the bottom layer of the first technical standard and the second technical standard. Technologies are compatible with each other. That is to say, in some other implementation manners, if the first technical standard and the second technical standard have the same or compatible underlying technologies, they should also be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
  • a communication device for performing the signal synchronization method as described in any one of the first aspect and possible designs thereof.
  • the communication apparatus may include a receiving unit and a determining unit.
  • the receiving unit is used to receive synchronization signals from M second terminal devices, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the synchronization signal includes an identifier used to indicate the corresponding technical standard of the second terminal device that sends out the corresponding synchronization signal , the first terminal device corresponds to the first technical standard, and the M second terminal devices work under the first technical standard or the second technical standard.
  • the determining unit is configured to determine the switching operation according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals.
  • the switching operation is the first switching operation of switching the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device to the second technical standard, or the switching operation is not the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device Switch to the second switching operation of the second technical standard.
  • the synchronization signal includes a master information block (MIB).
  • MIB master information block
  • the identifier is contained in the MIB.
  • the determining unit is configured to determine the switching operation according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals and preset parameters: the preset parameters include The first threshold, and/or the second threshold, and/or the first timer, and/or the second timer, and/or the signal power of the synchronization signal.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the determining unit is specifically used for determining that the switching operation is the second switching operation when the number of the identifications of the first value is greater than the first threshold in the identifications of the M synchronizing signals. When the number of identifiers set to the first value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals is less than the first threshold, it is determined that the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the determining unit is specifically used for when the number of identifiers set to the first value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals is greater than the first threshold, or within the time period corresponding to the first timer, the received identifiers carry When the number of synchronizing signals of the flag set as the first value is greater than the first threshold, it is determined that the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the number of identifiers set to the first value is less than the first threshold, and within the time length corresponding to the first timer, the received identifiers carry the identifiers set to the first value
  • the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameters include a second threshold.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to determine that the switching operation is the first switching operation when the number of the identifiers set as the second value in the identifiers of the M synchronization signals is greater than the second threshold. When the number of identifiers set to the second value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameter includes the second threshold value, and the second timer, and the determining unit is specifically configured to set the number of the identifiers of the second value to be greater than the second threshold value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals, And within the time period corresponding to the second timer, when the number of received synchronization signals carrying the identifier set to the second value is greater than the second threshold, the switching operation is determined to be the first switching operation.
  • the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal works in the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the corresponding synchronization signal is sent out.
  • the second terminal equipment of the synchronization signal works in the second technical standard, and the preset parameter includes the signal power.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine the signal power of each synchronization signal in the M synchronization signals.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine the switching operation according to the signal power of the synchronization signal set to the first value and the signal power of the synchronization signal set to the second value among the M synchronization signals.
  • the apparatus further includes a switching unit, configured to switch the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device to the second technical standard when it is determined that the switching operation is the first switching operation . Or, according to the authorization information, the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device is switched to the second technical standard. When the switching operation is the second switching operation, the first terminal device maintains the existing technical standard.
  • the authorization information is preset in the first terminal device, or the authorization information is obtained by sending an authorization request for requesting the authorization information.
  • the device further includes a sending unit.
  • the sending unit can be used for the access (AS) layer to send the authorization request to the upper layer, so that the upper layer feeds back the authorization information to the AS layer according to the authorization request.
  • the sending unit may be configured to send the authorization request to the network device, so that the network device feeds back the authorization information to the first terminal device according to the authorization request.
  • the device further includes a display unit, which may include a display screen and/or a voice prompt unit.
  • the display unit may be configured for the upper layer to display an interface corresponding to the authorization request on the display screen of the first terminal device, so as to receive an authorization operation for indicating the authorization information.
  • the display unit may be used for the upper layer to issue a voice prompt corresponding to the authorization request, so as to receive the voice authorization information or the authorization operation for indicating the authorization information.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine that the switching operation is the second switching operation, or the sending unit is further configured to determine that the switching operation is the second switching operation. Used to resend the authorization request.
  • the synchronization signal further includes a side link primary synchronization signal (PSSS) and a side link secondary synchronization signal (SSSS).
  • PSSS side link primary synchronization signal
  • SSSS side link secondary synchronization signal
  • the apparatus also includes a synchronization unit for performing signal synchronization according to the PSSS and SSSS in the synchronization signal sent by the second terminal equipment operating in the second technical standard.
  • the second technical standard is the China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution (CCSA LTE) technical standard V2X) technical standards.
  • CCSA LTE China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution
  • the second technical standard is the 3GPP LTE-V2X technical standard.
  • the first technical standard is the wireless access vehicle networking (WAVE V2X) technical standard in the vehicle environment
  • the second technical standard is the wireless access vehicle networking (CCSA WAVE V2X) technical standard in the China Communications Standards Association Vehicle Environment (CCSA WAVE V2X).
  • the second technical standard is the WAVE V2X technical standard.
  • the first technical standard is the New Air Interface Vehicle Networking (NR V2X) technical standard
  • the second technical standard is the China Communications Standards Association New Air Interface Vehicle Networking (CCSA NR V2X) technical standard.
  • the first technical standard is the CCSA NR V2X technical standard
  • the second technical standard is the NR V2X technical standard.
  • a communication apparatus including one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories store computer instructions.
  • the communication apparatus may be a terminal device.
  • the computer instructions when executed by the one or more processors, cause the communication apparatus to perform the signal synchronization method of any of the first aspect and possible designs thereof.
  • a chip system in a fourth aspect, includes a processing circuit and an interface.
  • the processing circuit is used to call and run the computer program stored in the storage medium from the storage medium, so as to execute the signal synchronization method according to any one of the first aspect and its possible designs.
  • a computer-readable storage medium includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed, the signal synchronization method as described in any one of the first aspect and its possible designs is executed. .
  • a sixth aspect provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes instructions, when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer can execute any one of the first aspect and its possible designs according to the instructions The described signal synchronization method.
  • a communication system may include one or more of the communication devices of any of the above second aspects and possible designs thereof.
  • the communication system may further include one or more network devices for performing information interaction with the communication apparatus, so as to implement the signal synchronization method described in any one of the first aspect and its possible designs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a signal synchronization scenario
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of another kind of signal synchronization scene
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another signal synchronization scenario
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another signal synchronization scenario
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an authorization interface provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for obtaining authorization information according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a terminal device such as a user equipment (user equipment, UE)
  • V2X communication when a terminal device (such as a user equipment (user equipment, UE) performs V2X communication with other devices, signal synchronization can be performed through various methods.
  • the terminal devices performing V2X communication are UE1 and UE2.
  • the terminal devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may be mobile phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDA), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) ⁇ virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) Devices, media players, Internet of Vehicles devices and other devices capable of device-to-device communication (such as V2X communication).
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • the specific form of the terminal device is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • UE1 and UE2 are both within the coverage of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and can effectively receive synchronization signals from GNSS, as shown in Figure 1, UE1 and UE2
  • the synchronization signal from the satellite can be respectively received, and the signal synchronization can be performed based on the synchronization signal, so as to realize the signal synchronization of UE1 and UE2.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • UE1 and UE2 can receive synchronization signals respectively.
  • a synchronization signal from a corresponding base station in FIG. 2 , UE1 and UE2 are taken as an example in the same cell, and signal synchronization is performed based on the synchronization signal to realize signal synchronization between UE1 and UE2.
  • the information exchange between the base station of the cell corresponding to UE1 and the base station of the cell corresponding to UE2 can be used to determine whether there is a difference between the two synchronization signals, and whether there is a difference The corresponding offset is adjusted accordingly to realize the signal synchronization of UE1 and UE2.
  • UE1 can broadcast a synchronization signal
  • UE2 can determine the current clock information of UE1 by receiving the synchronization signal, and perform synchronization accordingly, so as to realize signal synchronization with UE2.
  • UE1 and UE2 may work under different technical standards when the above-mentioned signal synchronization is performed, some problems will arise, which will cause problems in V2X communication between UE1 and UE2.
  • the frame bits of data such as clock information used for signal synchronization specified by different technical standards are different in the synchronization signal, so UE1 cannot send data to UE2. Therefore, UE1 and UE2 cannot perform accurate signal synchronization based on the synchronization signal, so UE1 and UE2 cannot perform normal V2X communication. This will be described in detail below.
  • technical standards in V2X communication may include: 3rd generation partnership project long term evolution V2X (3GPP LTE V2X) technical standards, which have the same underlying technology as the 3GPP LTE V2X technical standards China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution V2X (CCSA LTE V2X) technical standard; wireless access for vehicular environments V2X (WAVE V2X) technical standard, and the The WAVE V2X technical standard has the same underlying technology as the China Communications Standards Association Wireless Access Vehicle Networking (CCSA WAVE V2X) technical standard; the new radio V2X (NR V2X) technical standard, and the NR V2X The technical standard has the same underlying technology as the China Communications Standards Association New Air Interface Vehicle Networking (CCSA NR V2X) technical standard, etc.
  • 3GPP LTE V2X 3rd generation partnership project long term evolution V2X
  • CCSA LTE V2X China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution V2X
  • WAVE V2X wireless access for vehicular environments
  • a terminal device can support one or more of the above-mentioned 6 technical standards, but at the same time, the terminal device can only work under one technical standard (in this application, the terminal device can work under the technical standard Hereinafter referred to as the terminal equipment corresponding to this technical standard).
  • the terminal equipment corresponding to this technical standard.
  • the following is an example of the terminal equipment supporting all the above 6 technical standards.
  • UE1 and UE2 may correspond to the same technical standard, and UE1 and UE2 may also correspond to different technical standards with the same underlying technology. It can also correspond to UE2 under different technical standards with different underlying technologies.
  • UE1 and UE2 may work under the same technical standard, and the following takes UE1 and UE2 both working under the 3GPP LTE V2X technical standard as an example.
  • UE1 and UE2 can respectively receive synchronization signals from satellites, and perform signal synchronization according to the analyzed synchronization signals, so that both UE1 and UE2 can be synchronized to the satellites, which is achieved Signal synchronization between UE1 and UE2 is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 similar to the signal synchronization in FIG.
  • UE1 and UE2 can be synchronized to the base station respectively, thereby realizing signal synchronization between UE1 and UE2.
  • UE1 can send a synchronization signal based on the 3GPP LTE V2X technical standard to UE2.
  • UE2 can receive the synchronization signal. Since it also works under the 3GPP LTE V2X technical standard, it can accurately parse the synchronization signal and perform signal synchronization accordingly. In this way, the signal synchronization between UE2 and UE1 is realized.
  • UE1 and UE2 work under different technical standards with the same underlying technology.
  • UE1 works in the 3GPP LTE V2X technical standard
  • UE2 works in the CCSA LTE V2X technical standard as an example.
  • the signal synchronization scenario shown in FIG. 1 UE1 and UE2 can be synchronized to the satellite respectively, so as to realize signal synchronization between UE1 and UE2 when receiving the synchronization signal of the satellite.
  • the information corresponding to different frame bits in the signals specified by different technical standards may be different, so that when UE1 and UE2 perform V2X communication, there is a possibility that UE1 cannot send UE2 correctly.
  • UE2 can successfully parse the synchronization signal based on 3GPP LTE V2X, and synchronize accordingly. However, similar to the descriptions in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 above, since the two terminal devices work under different technical standards, the V2X communication between UE1 and UE2 cannot be performed smoothly.
  • UE1 and UE2 work under different technical standards with different underlying technologies.
  • UE1 works in the 3GPP LTE V2X technical standard
  • UE2 works in WAVE V2X.
  • the V2X communication cannot be carried out smoothly due to the different technical standards they work on.
  • the signal synchronization scenario shown in Figure 3 since UE1 and UE2 work with different underlying technologies of technical standards, even if UE2 receives the synchronization signal sent by UE1, it cannot correctly parse the synchronization signal, and therefore cannot Signal synchronization between UE2 and UE1 is achieved. Since signal synchronization cannot be achieved, V2X communication between UE1 and UE2 cannot be performed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal synchronization method, so that the terminal device can determine whether to switch the current working technical standard according to the type and/or quantity of the received synchronization signal. Then, under the determined technical standard, signal synchronization is performed according to the synchronization signal corresponding to the technical standard, so as to ensure the smooth progress of V2X communication.
  • the signal synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the V2X communication scenario shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 .
  • the satellites therein may be satellites capable of providing GNSS positioning services.
  • the satellite can send a synchronization signal including clock information to the terminal device according to certain rules (eg, according to a certain period), so that the terminal device can synchronize to the satellite according to the synchronization signal, thereby realizing signal synchronization between different terminal devices.
  • the base station may be capable of providing communication specified by the third generation partnership project (3GPP). service network equipment.
  • the communication service may be the 3rd generation mobile communication technology (3G), or the 4th generation mobile communication technology (4G), or the fifth generation mobile communication technology (the 4th generation mobile communication technology, 5G) corresponding communication services.
  • the base station can also be a network device that complies with other wireless communication standards, for example, the base station can be a wireless communication standard that complies with the China Communications Standards Association, and the 802 series (such as 802.11, or 802.15, or 802.20) wireless communication standard and other wireless communication standard network equipment.
  • the base station can be used to send a synchronization signal including clock information to terminal equipment in its corresponding cell, so that the terminal equipment can synchronize to the base station according to the synchronization signal, thereby realizing signal synchronization between different terminal equipment .
  • the base station can also be used to receive an authorization request sent by the terminal device, and the base station can also be used to feed back the authorization information or reject the authorization information to the terminal device.
  • a terminal device can support multiple working modes, and different working modes can support different types of synchronization methods.
  • the terminal device can synchronize the signal between the terminal device and the GNSS (or the cell where it is located) by synchronizing to the GNSS (or the cell where it is located).
  • the terminal device can perform signal synchronization according to the clock signal included in the received synchronization signal sent by other terminal devices, so as to realize the synchronization between the terminal device and the sending synchronization signal. signal synchronization of the terminal equipment.
  • the terminal equipment involved in the communication scenario shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 can support synchronization to the GNSS or the cell where it is located to perform signal synchronization.
  • the terminal device may adjust its own working mode to mode3 when the above-mentioned signal synchronization is required, so as to synchronize to the base station corresponding to the satellite or cell in the GNSS using the corresponding protocol.
  • the terminal devices may be vehicles or other terminal devices capable of V2X communication.
  • the terminal devices eg, UE1 and UE2
  • the terminal devices may be vehicles or other terminal devices capable of V2X communication.
  • UE1 wants to perform V2X communication with UE2, it can send a synchronization signal including its own current clock information through broadcasting, etc.
  • UE2 can receive the synchronization signal and communicate with UE1 according to the synchronization signal.
  • Signal synchronization may be vehicles or other terminal devices capable of V2X communication.
  • the terminal equipment involved in the communication scenario shown in FIG. 3 can support signal synchronization with other terminal equipment in the form of broadcasting.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device needs to perform the above-mentioned signal synchronization, it can adjust its own working mode to mode4, so as to use a corresponding protocol to realize signal synchronization with other terminal devices.
  • the signal synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to any communication scenario in the above description, and solves the problem that V2X communication between terminal devices is blocked due to working in different technical standards.
  • the terminal device adopts mode4 to perform signal synchronization as an example.
  • a terminal device receives multiple synchronization signals from different other terminal devices at the same time.
  • the first terminal device may simultaneously receive M synchronization signals (synchronization signals 1-M shown in FIG. 4 ) from different second terminal devices, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • each synchronization signal may carry a technical standard used to indicate the current operation of the second terminal device that sends the synchronization signal.
  • the second terminal device may carry the identifier in a master information block (MIB) carried by the synchronization signal.
  • MIB master information block
  • SIB system information block
  • the first terminal device may, according to the identifiers carried by the M synchronization signals respectively, determine the technical standard currently working of the second terminal device that sends the M synchronization signals, and determine whether it is necessary to switch the current Technical standards for work. If switched, the synchronization signal corresponding to the switched technical standard is used to perform signal synchronization, so as to perform V2X communication with the corresponding terminal device.
  • the first terminal device can switch the technical standard according to the actual communication situation, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the V2X communication.
  • the method is applied to the communication scenario shown in FIG. 4 , the first terminal device is UE1, the second terminal device is UE2, the current technical standard corresponding to UE1 is technical standard 1, and the current technical standards of M UE2 are technical standards 1 or technical standard 2, technical standard 1 and technical standard 2 have the same underlying technology as an example.
  • the method may include S501-S505.
  • UE1 receives synchronization signals from M UE2 respectively.
  • the UE2 when UE2 needs to initiate V2X communication, it can send a synchronization signal to the outside by means of broadcasting or the like.
  • the UE2 may add an identifier to the sent synchronization signal to indicate the technical standard currently corresponding to the UE2.
  • the synchronization signal sent by the UE2 may include an MIB carrying an identifier for indicating the technical standard corresponding to the UE2.
  • the UE2 may set the identifier in a reserved bit of the MIB, thereby realizing the addition of the identifier without additionally adding an identifier bit.
  • the identifier may be identified by a 1-bit number. For example, when the flag is set to 1, it can be used to indicate that the technical standard corresponding to UE2 is technical standard 2; when the flag is set to 0, it can be used to indicate that the technical standard corresponding to UE2 is technical standard 1.
  • the identifier can also be set in other ways, and can be used to indicate the technical standard corresponding to the UE2. It should be noted that, in other implementation manners of the embodiments of the present application, the UE2 may also set the identifier in other information blocks, such as setting the identifier in the SIB.
  • the UE1 may receive M synchronization signals carrying identifiers through operations such as frequency sweeping.
  • one synchronization signal corresponds to one UE2 that transmits the synchronization signal.
  • the UE1 may receive the synchronization signal according to a preset period.
  • a timer may be set in the UE1. When the UE1 is powered on, the timer is triggered to start timing, and when the timer expires, the UE1 scans and receives a synchronization signal once.
  • a timer can be set in UE1. When UE1 is powered on, the timer is triggered to start timing, and UE1 starts to scan and receive synchronization signals. When the timer expires, UE1 stops receiving synchronization signals, and UE1 can The synchronization signal received during the timing of the timer is processed as the synchronization signal received in one scan.
  • the triggering mechanism of the timer (such as UE1 powering on) in the above example is only an exemplary illustration, and in some other implementation scenarios, the triggering mechanism of the timer may also be flexibly set, such as receiving a start timing instructions etc.
  • the UE1 may perform scanning and receiving of the synchronization signal according to the received receiving instruction. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the mechanism by which the UE1 receives the synchronization signal.
  • UE1 parses the M synchronization signals, and obtains an identifier carried by each synchronization signal.
  • the UE1 may perform analysis processing on the M synchronization signals respectively.
  • UE1 and M UE2 work on the same underlying technology of technical standards, UE1 can successfully parse the received M synchronization signals. Thereby, the identifier carried by each synchronization signal is obtained.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value (such as "1"), it can be used to indicate that the UE2 sending the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to technical standard 2, and when the identifier is the second value (such as "0"), Then it is used to indicate that the UE2 sending the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the technical standard 1.
  • the first value such as "1”
  • the second value such as "0”
  • the UE1 can know the technical standards corresponding to each terminal device among the terminal devices currently having the V2X communication requirement.
  • the UE1 may determine whether the technical standard needs to be switched according to the identities carried respectively by the acquired M synchronization signals. For example, switching the technical standard is to perform the first switching operation of switching from the current technical standard 1 to the technical standard 2. Correspondingly, the second switching operation of keeping the current technical standard 1 and continuing to work is performed without switching the technical standard.
  • a preset parameter may be set in the UE1, so that the UE1 can determine whether the current technical standard needs to be switched according to the preset parameter and the identifier of the synchronization signal.
  • the preset parameter may include a preset first threshold.
  • the UE1 may determine whether the current technical standard needs to be switched according to the relationship between the number of synchronization signals whose identifiers are set to "1" among the M synchronization signals and the first threshold.
  • the UE1 may determine that among the UE2s currently requiring V2X communication, there are more UE2s working in the technical standard 2, Therefore, UE1 can determine that the current technical standard needs to be switched.
  • the UE1 can determine that among the UE2s that currently have V2X communication requirements, there are more UE2s working in technical standard 1. , it is determined that the current technical standard does not need to be switched.
  • UE1 when UE1 scans and receives synchronization signals within a preset time (for example, the preset time is controlled by the first timer), then UE1 can According to the relationship between the number of identifiers set to "1" and the first threshold value among the identifiers carried by the received synchronization signal within the timing of the first timer, it is determined whether the current technical standard needs to be switched. For example, when the number of identifiers set to "1" is greater than the first threshold, the UE1 determines that the current technical standard needs to be switched. Correspondingly, when the number of identifiers set to "1" is less than the first threshold, the UE1 It was determined that there was no need to switch current technical standards.
  • the preset parameter may include a preset second threshold.
  • the UE1 may determine whether the current technical standard needs to be switched according to the relationship between the number of synchronization signals whose identifiers are set to "0" among the M synchronization signals and the second threshold.
  • the UE1 determines that the current technical standard does not need to be switched.
  • the UE1 determines that the current technical standard needs to be switched.
  • UE1 when UE1 scans and receives synchronization signals within a preset time (for example, the preset time is controlled by a second timer), then UE1 can According to the relationship between the number of identifiers set to "0" and the second threshold value among the identifiers carried by the received synchronization signal within the timing of the second timer, it is determined whether the current technical standard needs to be switched. For example, when the number of identifiers set to "0" is greater than the second threshold, the UE1 determines that the current technical standard does not need to be switched. Correspondingly, when the number of identifiers set to "0" is less than the second threshold, then UE1 determines that the current technical standard needs to be switched.
  • the preset parameter may include signal power.
  • the UE1 can acquire the signal power corresponding to each synchronization signal while analyzing the M synchronization signals. The UE1 may determine whether to perform technical standard switching according to the signal power of each of the M synchronization signals.
  • UE1 may determine that among UE2 currently requiring V2X communication, work The communication requirement of UE2 in technical standard 2 is stronger, so UE1 can determine to switch the current technical standard 1 to technical standard 2.
  • UE1 may determine that among UE2 currently requiring V2X communication, The communication requirement of UE2 working in technical standard 1 is stronger, so UE1 can determine not to switch the current technical standard.
  • a method for determining whether to determine whether to switch the current technical standard by the UE1 may be flexibly set according to specific requirements.
  • the UE1 may use any one of the above-mentioned methods to determine whether to switch the current technical standard.
  • the UE1 may simultaneously use two or more methods in the foregoing example to determine whether to switch the current technical standard.
  • the UE1 may determine, according to the identities carried by the received M synchronization signals, that the number of identities set to "1" is greater than the first threshold, and the number of identities set to "0" is less than the second threshold, and is When the average power of the synchronization signal corresponding to the flag set to "1" is greater than the average power of the synchronization signal corresponding to the flag set to "0", it is determined that the technical standard needs to be switched, that is, the current technical standard 1 is switched to the technical standard 2.
  • UE1 may determine, according to the identifiers carried by the received M synchronization signals, that the number of identifiers set to "1" is less than the first threshold, or that the number of identifiers set to "0" is less than the second threshold. , or when the average power of the corresponding synchronizing signal of the sign that is set to "1" is less than the average power of the corresponding synchronizing signal of the sign that is set to "0", it is determined that switching of the technical standard is not required, that is, the current technical standard 1 Switch to technical standard 2 and keep working in the state of technical standard 1.
  • the UE1 may also determine whether to perform the handover of the technical standard according to other methods, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first switching operation may be performed.
  • the first switching operation may be: UE1 terminates the current broadcast service, invokes parameters corresponding to technical standard 2, and configures UE1 according to the parameters corresponding to technical standard 2, and has completed the transition from technical standard 1 to technical standard. 2 switching.
  • the UE1 may perform the handover operation immediately after determining that the above-mentioned first handover operation needs to be performed. In other implementations, if there is an ongoing V2X communication, the UE1 may perform a handover operation after completing the current V2X communication. In other implementations, if there is ongoing V2X communication, the UE1 may wait for a preset time before performing the handover operation.
  • the UE1 may also perform the operation according to the authorization information.
  • the authorization information may be preset in the UE1, or may be determined according to an operation input by the user.
  • the UE1 may determine whether there is authorization information after determining that the first handover operation needs to be performed. For example, UE1 may send an authorization request to an upper layer (eg, a non-access stratum, or an application layer, etc.) through its access stratum.
  • authorization information is preset in UE1, and the upper layer may directly feed back the authorization information to the access layer in response to the authorization request, to instruct the access layer to perform the first handover operation.
  • the upper layer can interact with the user to determine whether to authorize through the operation input by the user. For example, the upper layer may display the interface shown in FIG. 6 on the display screen of UE1. As shown in FIG.
  • the interface may include information prompting the user to perform authorization, such as “Please confirm whether to switch the technical standard” as shown in the figure.
  • the interface may also include a "toggle” button, as well as a "don't toggle” button.
  • the upper layer can forward the authorization information to the access layer, so that the access layer performs the first switching operation.
  • the upper layer can forward the authorization rejection information to the access layer, so that the access layer starts to maintain the current technical standard and continues to work.
  • the above method for user input operation is only an exemplary description, and in some other scenarios, the UE1 may also implement interaction with the user in other manners.
  • UE1 when UE1 supports functions such as voice input, UE1 can convey to the user an operation that requires authorization or denial of authorization through methods such as voice prompts.
  • the user can implement the above authorization operation through voice input, so that the upper layer forwards the authorization information to the access layer, thereby enabling the access layer to perform the first switching operation.
  • UE1 can Remind users to authorize or deny authorization through audio or video.
  • the upper layer of the UE1 may directly send the authorization rejection information to the access layer.
  • a specific implementation manner may be flexibly selected according to a specific scenario, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the above examples are described by taking the UE1 determining the authorization information itself or determining the authorization information through interaction with the user as an example.
  • the UE1 may also obtain authorization information by interacting with a network device (eg, a base station) corresponding to the cell where it is located.
  • a network device eg, a base station
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for obtaining authorization information according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 , UE1 determines that the first handover operation needs to be performed, that is, the current technical standard needs to be handed over (S701 in FIG.
  • UE1 can send an authorization request to base station 1 (S702 in FIG. 7 ).
  • the authorization request can be used to request the base station 1 to determine whether to allow the UE1 to switch the current technical standard.
  • the base station 1 may determine whether to authorize switching of the current technical standard according to the current V2X communication situation and resource usage (S703 in FIG. 7 ).
  • the base station 1 determines that the current technical standard can be switched, it can perform S704 as shown in FIG. 7 , that is, determine the authorization information.
  • the base station 1 may perform S706 as shown in FIG. 7 , that is, determine the rejection of the authorization information. And send the second information including the authorization rejection information to UE1 through the downlink transmission channel (S707 in FIG. 7 ). So that UE1 can perform the second handover operation according to the second information. It should be noted that, in other implementation manners, the base station 1 may not send any message to the UE1 when it is determined that the current technical standard cannot be switched. The UE1 may perform the second handover operation when it is determined that the authorization information has not been received within the preset time period. As a result, the network device (eg, base station 1) can actively manage the V2X of terminal devices within its coverage, such as managing the usage of V2X resources, to ensure that V2X communication within its coverage can proceed smoothly.
  • the network device eg, base station 1 can actively manage the V2X of terminal devices within its coverage, such as managing the usage of V2X resources, to ensure that V2X communication within its coverage can proceed smoothly.
  • the terminal device after determining the technical standard, for example, after performing the first switching operation or the second switching operation, the terminal device can perform signal synchronization according to a synchronization signal having the corresponding technical standard to realize communication with the corresponding terminal device.
  • the synchronization signal obtained by UE1 in addition to the MIB carrying the identification of the technical standard corresponding to the second terminal device that sends the synchronization signal, it may also include a primary sidelink synchronization signal (primary sidelink synchronization signal). , PSSS), and the secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS).
  • PSSS primary sidelink synchronization signal
  • SSSS secondary sidelink synchronization signal
  • UE1 After UE1 performs the above-mentioned first handover operation, it can perform signal synchronization according to the synchronization signal carrying the synchronization signal set to "1" (that is, the technical standard corresponding to the second terminal device that sends the synchronization signal is technical standard 2), so as to realize the synchronization with V2X communication of the second terminal equipment working in technical standard 2.
  • UE1 After UE1 performs the above-mentioned second handover operation, it can perform signal synchronization according to the synchronization signal carrying the synchronization signal that is set to "0" (that is, the technical standard corresponding to the second terminal device that sends the synchronization signal is technical standard 1). In order to realize V2X communication with the second terminal equipment working in technical standard 1.
  • UE1 may determine, according to the identifier carried by each synchronization signal in the received M synchronization signals, the technical standard corresponding to the second terminal device corresponding to sending the synchronization signal.
  • the synchronization process is stopped, and the signal synchronization is performed after the first handover operation or the second handover operation is performed. In this way, the UE1 can be prevented from performing invalid signal synchronization, thereby saving the processing resources of the UE1.
  • the terminal device that receives the synchronization signal is the first terminal device working under the first technical standard
  • the multiple terminal devices that send the synchronization signal are
  • each second terminal device can work under the first technical standard or the second technical standard as an example.
  • the M second terminal devices may also work on the first technical standard or the second technical standard or the third technical standard or other technical standards, respectively.
  • the signal synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application can also be used in this scenario. Exemplarily, it is taken as an example that the M second terminal devices work under the first technical standard or the second technical standard or the third technical standard respectively.
  • the first terminal device may receive M synchronization signals carrying different identifiers, and the M synchronization signals may include a synchronization signal carrying identifier 1, a synchronization signal carrying identifier 2, and a synchronization signal carrying identifier 3.
  • the identifier 1 is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard
  • the identifier 2 is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard
  • the identifier 3 is used to indicate The second terminal device that sends out the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the third technical standard.
  • the first terminal device can determine whether to switch the currently corresponding technical standard to the second one according to the M synchronization signals, the synchronization signal carrying the identification 1, the synchronization signal carrying the identification 2, and the synchronization signal carrying the identification 3.
  • Technical standard or third technical standard or keep the current first technical standard and continue to work.
  • the specific determination method and the implementation manner after it is determined that the technical standard needs to be switched are similar to the description in the above example, and are not repeated here.
  • the M second terminal devices work in four or more different technical standards
  • the corresponding execution methods are also similar. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the types of technical standards for working of the second terminal device.
  • a terminal (such as a first terminal device) involved may be divided into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated. in a processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that, the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division manners in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 800 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may be set in the first terminal device, and configured to execute any one of the signal synchronization methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device 800 may include a receiving unit 801, a determining unit 802, a switching unit 803, a sending unit 804, a display unit 805 and a synchronization unit 806.
  • the receiving unit 801 is used to receive synchronization signals from M second terminal devices, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the synchronization signal includes a signal used to indicate the corresponding technical standard of the second terminal device that sends out the corresponding synchronization signal.
  • identification the first terminal device corresponds to the first technical standard
  • the M second terminal devices work under the first technical standard or the second technical standard.
  • the determining unit 802 is configured to determine the switching operation according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals. The switching operation is the first switching operation of switching the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device to the second technical standard, or the switching operation is not the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device Switch to the second switching operation of the second technical standard.
  • the synchronization signal includes a master information block (MIB).
  • MIB master information block
  • the identifier is contained in the MIB.
  • the determining unit 802 is configured to determine the switching operation according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals and a preset parameter according to the identifiers included in the M synchronization signals: the preset parameter Including the first threshold, and/or the second threshold, and/or the first timer, and/or the second timer, and/or the signal power of the synchronization signal.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the determining unit 802 is specifically configured to determine that the switching operation is the second switching operation when the number of the identifiers set as the first value in the M identifiers of the synchronization signal is greater than the first threshold. When the number of identifiers set to the first value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals is less than the first threshold, it is determined that the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the determining unit 802 is specifically configured to set the number of the identifiers of the first value to be greater than the first threshold value among the identifiers of the M synchronization signals, or within the time period corresponding to the first timer, the received identifiers carry the first value.
  • the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the number of identifiers set to the first value is less than the first threshold, and within the time length corresponding to the first timer, the received identifiers carry the identifiers set to the first value
  • the switching operation is the first switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameters include a second threshold.
  • the determining unit 802 is specifically configured to determine that the switching operation is the first switching operation when the number of the identifiers set as the second value in the identifiers of the M synchronization signals is greater than the second threshold. When the number of identifiers set to the second value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signals is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal corresponds to the first technical standard.
  • the second terminal device of the synchronization signal corresponds to the second technical standard.
  • the preset parameter includes the second threshold value and the second timer, and the determining unit 802 is specifically configured to set the number of the identifiers with the second value to be greater than the second threshold value among the M identifiers of the synchronization signal.
  • the switching operation is determined to be the first switching operation.
  • the number of identifiers set to the second value is less than the second threshold, or within the time period corresponding to the second timer, the received identifiers carry the identifiers set to the second value
  • the switching operation is the second switching operation.
  • the identifier when the identifier is the first value, it is used to indicate that the second terminal device that sends the corresponding synchronization signal works in the first technical standard, and when the identifier is the second value, it is used to indicate that the corresponding synchronization signal is sent out.
  • the second terminal equipment of the synchronization signal works in the second technical standard, and the preset parameter includes the signal power.
  • the determining unit 802 is further configured to determine the signal power of each synchronization signal in the M synchronization signals.
  • the determining unit 802 is further configured to determine the switching operation according to the signal power of the synchronization signal set to the first value and the signal power of the synchronization signal set to the second value among the M synchronization signals.
  • the apparatus further includes a switching unit 803, configured to switch the first technology standard corresponding to the first terminal device to the second technology when it is determined that the switching operation is the first switching operation standard. Or, according to the authorization information, the first technical standard corresponding to the first terminal device is switched to the second technical standard. When the switching operation is the second switching operation, the first terminal device maintains the existing technical standard.
  • the authorization information is preset in the first terminal device, or the authorization information is obtained by sending an authorization request for requesting the authorization information.
  • the apparatus further includes a sending unit 804 .
  • the sending unit 804 may be used for an access layer (access layer, AS layer) to send the authorization request to the upper layer, so that the upper layer feeds back the authorization information to the AS layer according to the authorization request.
  • the sending unit 804 may be configured to send the authorization request to the network device, so that the network device feeds back the authorization information to the first terminal device according to the authorization request.
  • the apparatus further includes a display unit 805, and the display unit 805 may include a display screen and/or a voice prompt unit.
  • the display unit 805 may be configured for the upper layer to display an interface corresponding to the authorization request on the display screen of the first terminal device, so as to receive an authorization operation for indicating the authorization information.
  • the display unit 805 can be used for the upper layer to issue a voice prompt corresponding to the authorization request, so as to receive the voice authorization information or the authorization operation for indicating the authorization information.
  • the determining unit 802 is further configured to determine that the switching operation is the second switching operation, or the sending unit 804 , which is also used to resend the authorization request.
  • the synchronization signal further includes a side link primary synchronization signal (PSSS) and a side link secondary synchronization signal (SSSS).
  • PSSS side link primary synchronization signal
  • SSSS side link secondary synchronization signal
  • the apparatus further includes a synchronization unit 806 for performing signal synchronization according to the PSSS and SSSS in the synchronization signal sent by the second terminal equipment operating in the second technical standard.
  • the second technical standard is the China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution (CCSA LTE) technical standard V2X) technical standards.
  • CCSA LTE China Communications Standards Association Long Term Evolution
  • the second technical standard is the 3GPP LTE-V2X technical standard.
  • the first technical standard is the wireless access vehicle networking (WAVE V2X) technical standard in the vehicle environment
  • the second technical standard is the wireless access vehicle networking (CCSA WAVE V2X) technical standard in the vehicle environment of the China Communications Standards Association.
  • the first technical standard is the CCSA WAVE V2X technical standard
  • the second technical standard is the WAVE V2X technical standard.
  • the second technical standard is the China Communications Standards Association New Air Interface Vehicle Networking (CCSA NR V2X) technical standard.
  • CCSA NR V2X China Communications Standards Association New Air Interface Vehicle Networking
  • the first technical standard is the CCSA NR V2X technical standard
  • the second technical standard is the NR V2X technical standard.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may further include a receiving unit 801 and/or a determining unit 802 and/or a switching unit 803 and/or a sending unit 804 and/or
  • the display unit 805 and/or the synchronization unit 806 are processing modules or control modules that perform corresponding functions.
  • the communication device 900 may also be divided into other logical components.
  • the communication apparatus 900 may be set in the terminal equipment (such as the first terminal equipment and/or the second terminal equipment) involved in the above example.
  • the communication apparatus 900 may include technical Standard management module 901 , authorization management module 902 , synchronization state management module 903 , synchronization source detection management module 904 , synchronization source synchronization management module 905 , and signal transceiving system module 906 .
  • the technical standard management module 901 can be used to control the technical standard of the current work. For example, select the default working technology standard at power-on. For another example, in the subsequent operation, the switching of the technical standard is performed according to the judgment whether the technical standard needs to be switched.
  • the authorization management module 902 may be used to manage authorization information. According to the description in the above example, in some implementations, whether to switch the technical standard may be decided by the user. In this example, if the user authorizes in advance to allow switching of technical standards, the authorization management module 902 can be used to store the authorization information. If the user does not authorize in advance, when the first terminal device determines that the technical standard needs to be switched, the authorization management module 902 can be used to prompt the user to determine whether to switch the technical standard.
  • the synchronization state management module 903 can be used to control the synchronization source state as a whole.
  • the control synchronization source detection management module 904 may be used to transmit and receive signals, and buffer the signal information of other terminals (eg, second terminal equipment) reported by the synchronization source detection management module 904 .
  • the synchronization source detection management module 904 may be used to control synchronization source detection management.
  • the synchronization source detection management module 904 may be specifically configured to start the signal transceiver system to transmit signals, classify and prioritize the signals received by the signal transceiver system, and report the signal information to the master control intelligent networking management system. functions of the module.
  • the synchronization source synchronization management module 905 is used for controlling the signal transceiving system, and synchronizing to a new synchronization source (eg, a second terminal device that needs to be synchronized by the first terminal device).
  • a new synchronization source eg, a second terminal device that needs to be synchronized by the first terminal device.
  • the synchronization source synchronization management module 905 may synchronize with the new synchronization source according to the frame number, the subframe number and the starting position point, so as to facilitate communication under the new synchronization source.
  • the signal transceiver system module 906 can be used for sending synchronization signals, detecting and receiving synchronization signals sent by other terminals.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic composition diagram of a communication device 1000 .
  • the communication apparatus 1000 can provide the function of a terminal device.
  • the communication apparatus 1000 may be the first terminal device and/or the second terminal device in the above example.
  • the communication device 1000 may be provided with the communication device shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 , so as to implement any one of the signal synchronization methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 1000 may include: a processor 1001 and a memory 1002 .
  • the memory 1002 is used to store computer-implemented instructions.
  • the communication device 1000 can be caused to execute the signal synchronization method as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a chip system 1100 .
  • the chip system 1100 may include: a processor 1101 and a communication interface 1102 for supporting a terminal device (eg, the first terminal and/or the second terminal above) to implement the functions involved in the above embodiments.
  • the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the terminal.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the functions or actions or operations or steps in the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • a software program When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or data storage devices including one or more servers, data centers, etc. that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVDs), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks (SSDs)), and the like.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种信号同步方法、通信装置和通信系统，涉及通信技术领域，能够使得根据接收到的同步信号的种类和/或数量，切换对应的技术标准，以便保证V2X通信的顺利进行。该方案包括：接收来自M个第二终端设备的同步信号，M为大于或等于1的整数，同步信号包括用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应技术标准的标识，第一终端设备对应第一技术标准，M个第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准；根据M个同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作；切换操作为将第一终端设备对应的第一技术标准切换为第二技术标准的第一切换操作，或者，切换操作为不将第一终端设备对应的第一技术标准切换为第二技术标准的第二切换操作。

Description

一种信号同步方法、通信装置和通信系统 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种信号同步方法、通信装置和通信系统。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，车辆与其他设备之间的通信需求也变得越来越高。由此使得用于支持车辆与其他设备之间的通信的车用无线通信技术(vehicle to x，V2X，或称为车联网技术)得到了广泛的关注。
应当理解的是，在通信过程中，想要实现数据的正常传输，发射端设备与接收端设备首先需要进行信号同步。类似的，对于V2X通信而言，发射端设备与接收端设备也需要进行信号同步。作为一种示例，发射端设备与接收端设备可以通过一个同步信号进行信号同步。该同步信号可以是发射端设备发出的。接收端设备接收该同步信号并据此与发射端设备进行信号同步。
目前，存在多个不同的技术标准都可以用于支持V2X通信。其中，对于工作在相同技术标准下的设备，可以根据同步信号实现信号同步，并进行V2X通信。然而，工作在不同技术标准下的设备存在难以进行信号同步的问题，因而也就会导致设备之间的V2X通信无法正常进行。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种信号同步方法、通信装置和通信系统，涉及通信技术领域，能够使得终端设备(如第一终端设备)根据接收到的同步信号的种类和/或数量，执行对应的切换操作，使得第一终端设备能够根据当前V2X通信需求的情况，灵活调整对应技术标准，以便该第一终端能够与通信需求较高的第二终端进行信号同步，进而保证V2X通信的正常进行。需要说明的是，本申请提供的信号同步方法，能够使用在V2X通信中，还能够应用在其他需要终端设备之间的交互的场景下，例如，在设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信，中继通信等场景下，均可通过该方法实现信号同步。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种信号同步方法，该方法包括：接收来自M个第二终端设备的同步信号，M为大于或等于1的整数，该同步信号包括用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应技术标准的标识，第一终端设备对应第一技术标准，该M个第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准。根据M个该同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作。该切换操作为将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准的第一切换操作，或者，该切换操作为不将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准的第二切换操作。
基于该方案，根据接收到的来自其他终端设备(如第二终端设备)的同步信号后，该终端(如第一终端设备)可以根据这些同步信号中，携带的标识，确定发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备的当前技术标准，据此第一终端设备就可以确定是否需要切换当前技术标准，以便与第二终端设备进行V2X通信。应当理解的是，由于不同的终端可能工作在不同的技术标准下(即对应不同的技术标准)，因此，第一终端设备在需要进行V2X通信时，需要根据其他终端的V2X通信需求，将自身的技术标准调整到与通信需求较高的终端相同或互相兼容的技术标准下。而通过本申请中提出的同步信号所携带的标识，第一终端设备就能准确地确定当前通信环境中具有哪种技术标准的通信需求更高，并据此对自身的技术标准进行调整，以便保证V2X通信的顺利进行。
在一种可能的设计中，该同步信号包括主信息块(MIB)。其中，该标识包含在该MIB中。基于该方案，提供了一种标识的可能的实现方式，即在MIB中的预留位设置该标识。应当理解的是，在另一些实现方式中，该标识也可以被携带在同步信号中包括的其他数据块中，例如该标识可以被携带在SIB中。需要说明的是，在本示例的一些实现方式中，该标识的设置，也可以是通过复用MIB或SIB或其他信息中的已被占用的数据位实现的，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
在一种可能的设计中，该根据M个该同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作，包括：根据该M个该同步信号包括的标识，以及预设参数确定该切换操作：该预设参数包括第一阈值，和/或第二阈值，和/或第一定时器，和/或第二定时器，和/或该同步信号的信号功率。基于该方案，提供了一种可能的第一终端设备根据同步信号的标识确定是否需要切换当前技术标标准的方案，即通过预设参数判断是否需要切换。其中，该预设参数可以是预置在第一终端设备中的，也可以是网络设备配置给第一终端设备的。当然，该预设参数也可以是动态配置的，或者，第一终端根据当前的V2X通信需求情况和/或自身的工作状态自行确定的。对于该预设参数的配置，在不同的实现场景中可灵活选取。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括该第一阈值，该根据M个该同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量大于该第一阈值时，则该切换操作为该第二切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识数量小于该第一阈值时，则该切换操作为该第一切换操作。基于该方案，提供了一种可能的第一终端设备确定是否进行技术标准的切换的方案。其中，第一终端设备可以根据同步信号携带的标识，确定当前的V2X通信需求中，工作在与第一终端设备相同的第一技术标准的第二终端设备的数量是否占据较大的比重(如大于第一阈值时则表明当前V2X通信需求中工作在第一技术标准的第二终端设备较多，又如，小于第一阈值则表明当前V2X通信需求中工作在第一技术标准的第二终端设备较少)。由此，第一终端设备就可以将对应的技术标准切换为与通信需求较大的第二终端设备的技术标准相同的技术标准，以便第一终端设备 能够满足V2X通信需求较大的第二终端设备的通信需求。需要说明的是，本申请中，终端设备对应第一技术标准(或第二技术标准)，即终端设备当前工作在该第一技术标准(或第二技术标准)。应当理解的是，在其他使用场景下，该终端设备还可能是工作在于该第一技术标准不同的其他技术标准下。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括该第一阈值，和该第一定时器，该根据M个该同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量大于该第一阈值，或在该第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量大于该第一阈值时，则该切换操作为该第二切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量小于该第一阈值，且在该第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量小于该第一阈值时，则该切换操作为该第一切换操作。基于该方案，提供了又一种第一终端设备确定是否需要切换当前技术标准的方案。其中，第一终端设备可以根据在第一定时器计时的时间内，接收到的同步信号对应的第二终端设备所对应的技术标准的情况，并据此确定是否需要切换当前技术标准以便满足当前的V2X通信需求。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括第二阈值，该根据M个该同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量大于该第二阈值时，则该切换操作为该第一切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识数量小于该第二阈值时，则该切换操作为该第二切换操作。基于该方案，提供了又一种第一终端设备确定是否需要切换当前技术标准的方案。其中，第一终端设备可以根据接收到的同步信号对应的第二终端设备中，工作在第一技术标准的第二终端设备的数量(即设置为第二值的标识的数量)与第二阈值的关系，确定当前V2X通信需求中，工作在于第一终端设备相同的技术标准下的第二终端设备的数量是否满足需求，如果满足该需求(如大于设置为第二值的标识的数量大于第二阈值)，则不执行技术标准的切换，反之则进行技术标准的切换。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括该第二阈值，和该第二定时器，该根据M个该同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量大于该第二阈值，并且在该第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量大于该第二阈值时，则该切换操作为该第一切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量小于该第二阈值，或者在该第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量小于该第二阈值时，则该切换操作为该第二切换操作。基 于该方案，提供了又一种第一终端设备确定是否需要切换当前技术标准的方案。其中，第一终端设备可以根据在第一定时器计时的时间内，接收到的同步信号对应的第二终端设备所对应的技术标准的情况，并据此确定是否需要切换当前技术标准以便满足当前的V2X通信需求。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第二技术标准，该预设参数包括该信号功率。在该根据M个该同步信号的标识，确定切换操作之前，该方法还包括：确定M个该同步信号中每个同步信号的信号功率。该根据M个该同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：根据该M个该同步信号中，设置为该第一值的同步信号的信号功率，和设置为该第二值的同步信号的信号功率，确定该切换操作。基于该方案，提供了又一种第一终端设备确定是否需要切换当前技术标准的方案。其中，第一终端设备可以根据接收到的多个同步信号中，携带有被设置为第一值的同步信号的平均信号功率，以及携带有被设置为第二值的同步信号的平均信号功率，确定是否需要切换当前技术标准，以满足当前需求较高的V2X通信。需要说明的是，在本示例中，根据平均信号功率确定当前V2X通信需求的情况仅为一种示例，在其他一些场景下，第一终端设备还可以根据每个同步信号的功率，通过其他方法确定是否需要切换当前技术标准。示例性的，在一些实现场景中，第一终端设备可以根据同步信号的功率大小，确定不同同步信号的优先级。例如，信号功率越大，则同步信号的优先级越高。根据该优先级排序第一终端设备可以确定是否需要切换当前技术标准，以满足优先级较高的V2X通信需求。
在一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：当确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作时，将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准。或者，根据授权信息，将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准。当该切换操作为该第二切换操作时，该第一终端设备保持现有技术标准。基于该方案，第一终端设备可以在确定切换当前技术标准(如执行第一切换操作)时，进行该切换操作。在确定不需要切换当前技术标准(如执行第二切换操作)时，保持当前切换操作。这样，第一终端设备就可以实现与V2X通信需求较高的第二终端设备的V2X通信。其中，在一些实施例中，当第一终端设备确定需要切换当前技术标准时，可以直接切换当前技术标准，这样可以实现第一终端设备的技术标准的快速切换。在另一些实施例中，当第一终端设备确定需要切换当前技术标准时，也可以在获取授权信息后，再进行技术标准的切换。应当理解的是，由于切换技术标准对第一终端设备而言过程较为复杂，其内部机制改变较大，因此，当第一终端设备在确定需要切换技术标准后，可以通过获取授权信息，进一步确定可以进行技术标准的切换。
在一种可能的设计中，该授权信息是预设在该第一终端设备中的，或者，该授权信息是通过发送用于请求该授权信息的授权请求获取的。基于该方案，提供了一种授权信息的获取图形。在一些实现方式中，授权信息可以是预设在第一终端设备中的，这样，当第一终端设备确定发起授权请求后，第一终端设备可以直接使用该授权信息对技术标准的切换进行授权，以便快速地实现授权信息的获取。其中，该授权信息可 以是用户预设在第一终端设备中的，也可以是通过网络设备灵活配置的。在另一些实现方式中，第一终端设备可以通过发送授权请求给网络设备或上层，以便获取用户或网络设备实时配置的授权信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该通过发送用于请求该授权信息的授权请求获取该授权信息，包括：接入层(AS)向上层发送该授权请求，上层根据该授权请求，向该AS层反馈该授权信息。或者，向网络设备发送该授权请求，该网络设备根据该授权请求，向该第一终端设备反馈该授权信息。基于该方案，提供了一种第一终端设备实时获取授权信息的方案的示例。其中，第一终端设备可以通过AS层向上层发送授权请求，第一终端设备还可以通过其通信模块与网络设备进行通信，以便向网络设备发送授权请求。
在一种可能的设计中，该上层根据该授权请求，向该AS层反馈该授权信息，包括：上层在该第一终端设备的显示屏上显示授权请求对应的界面，以便接收用于指示该授权信息的授权操作。或者，上层发出与该授权请求对应的语音提示，以便接收用于指示该授权信息的语音授权信息或该授权操作。基于该方案，上层在接收到授权请求后，可以通过在显示屏上显示对应的界面，以便用户输入授权信息，后者通过语音提示等方法，以便用户通过对应的途径(如语音输入)输入授权信息。
在一种可能的设计中，当发出该授权请求后，预设时间内未收到该授权信息时，该方法还包括：确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作，或者，重新发送该授权请求。基于该方案，提供了一种授权请求发送后如果长时间没有接收到反馈时的处理机制。在第一终端设备中可以设置预设时间，从发出授权请求开始进行计时，计时到预设时间后，如果依然没有收到授权请求(或拒绝授权信息)，则第一终端设备可以确认不进行技术标准的切换，即执行第二切换操作。或者，第一终端设备可以重新发送该授权请求。
在一种可能的设计中，该同步信号还包括边链路主同步信号(PSSS)，边链路辅同步信号(SSSS)。当将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准后，该方法还包括：根据工作在该第二技术标准的第二终端设备发出的同步信号中的PSSS以及SSSS进行信号同步。基于该方案，第一终端设备可以基于上述设计中确定的是否进行技术方案的切换的结果，执行对应的信号同步。例如，第一终端设备确定不进行技术方案的切换时，则可以根据M个同步信号中，携带有被设置为第二值的标识的同步信号中的PSSS以及SSSS进行信号同步，以便实第一终端设备与工作在第一技术标准下的第二终端设备的V2X通信。又如，第一终端设备确定进行技术方案的切换时，则可以根据M个同步信号中，携带有被设置为第一值的标识的同步信号中的PSSS以及SSSS进行信号同步，以便实现第一终端设备与工作在第二技术标准下的第二终端设备的V2X通信。
在一种可能的设计中，当该第一技术标准为第三代合作伙伴计划长期演进车联网(3GPP LTE V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会长期演进车联网(CCSA LTE V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA LTE-V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该3GPP LTE-V2X技术标准。当该第一技术标准为车载环 境的无线接入车联网(WAVE V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会车载环境的无线接入车联网(CCSA WAVE V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA WAVE V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该WAVE V2X技术标准。当该第一技术标准为新空口车联网(NR V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会新空口车联网(CCSA NR V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA NR V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该NR V2X技术标准。基于该方案，提供了一种可能的第一技术标准与第二技术标准的具体实现。当第一技术标准与第二技术标准符合上述条件时，则本实施例提供的方案就可以被顺利执行。在该可能的设计中，列举出了第一技术标准和第二技术标准具有相同的底层技术的情况下，第一技术标准和第二技术标准可能的几种对应关系，应当理解的是，第一技术标准和第二技术标准的底层技术也可不同，例如，第一技术标准和第二技术标准的底层技术可以是互相兼容的不同底层技术。示例性的，当工作在第一技术标准的终端设备能够对工作在第二技术标准的终端设备发出的同步信号进行正确解析时，则工作在第一技术标准的终端就可以根据上述第一方面及其可能的设计中提供的方法执行技术标准的切换以及信号同步。因此，本申请中，当工作在第一技术标准的终端设备能够对工作在第二技术标准的终端设备发出的同步信号进行正确解析时，即可认为第一技术标准和第二技术标准的底层技术是相互兼容的。也就是说，在其他一些实现方式中，如果第一技术标准和第二技术标准具有相同或兼容的底层技术，则也应当包括在本申请实施例的保护范围之内。
第二方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置用于执行如第一方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
示例性的，该通信装置可以包括接收单元以及确定单元。其中，该接收单元，用于接收来自M个第二终端设备的同步信号，M为大于或等于1的整数，该同步信号包括用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应技术标准的标识，第一终端设备对应第一技术标准，该M个第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准。该确定单元，用于根据M个该同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作。该切换操作为将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准的第一切换操作，或者，该切换操作为不将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准的第二切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，该同步信号包括主信息块(MIB)。其中，该标识包含在该MIB中。
在一种可能的设计中，该根据M个该同步信号包括的标识，该确定单元，用于根据该M个该同步信号包括的标识，以及预设参数确定该切换操作：该预设参数包括第一阈值，和/或第二阈值，和/或第一定时器，和/或第二定时器，和/或该同步信号的信号功率。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该确定单元，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识 中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量大于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识数量小于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该确定单元，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量大于该第一阈值，或在该第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量大于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量小于该第一阈值，且在该第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量小于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括第二阈值。该确定单元，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量大于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识数量小于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括该第二阈值，和该第二定时器，该确定单元，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量大于该第二阈值，并且在该第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量大于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量小于该第二阈值，或者在该第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量小于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第二技术标准，该预设参数包括该信号功率。该确定单元，还用于确定M个该同步信号中每个同步信号的信号功率。该确定单元，还用于根据该M个该同步信号中，设置为该第一值的同步信号的信号功率，和设置为该第二值的同步信号的信号功率，确定该切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括切换单元，用于当确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作时，将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准。或者，根据授权信息，将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准。当该切换操作为该第二切换操作时，该第一终端设备保持现有技术标准。
在一种可能的设计中，该授权信息是预设在该第一终端设备中的，或者，该授权 信息是通过发送用于请求该授权信息的授权请求获取的。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括发送单元。该发送单元可以用于接入(AS)层向上层发送该授权请求，以便上层根据该授权请求，向该AS层反馈该授权信息。或者，该发送单元可以用于向网络设备发送该授权请求，以便该网络设备根据该授权请求，向该第一终端设备反馈该授权信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括显示单元，该显示单元可以包括显示屏和/或语音提示单元。示例性的，该显示单元可以用于上层在该第一终端设备的显示屏上显示授权请求对应的界面，以便接收用于指示该授权信息的授权操作。或者，该显示单元可以用于上层发出与该授权请求对应的语音提示，以便接收用于指示该授权信息的语音授权信息或该授权操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当发出该授权请求后，预设时间内未收到该授权信息时，确定单元，还用于确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作，或者，发送单元，还用于重新发送该授权请求。
在一种可能的设计中，该同步信号还包括边链路主同步信号(PSSS)，边链路辅同步信号(SSSS)。该装置还包括同步单元，用于根据工作在该第二技术标准的第二终端设备发出的同步信号中的PSSS以及SSSS进行信号同步。
在一种可能的设计中，当该第一技术标准为第三代合作伙伴计划长期演进车联网(3GPP LTE V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会长期演进车联网(CCSA LTE V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA LTE-V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该3GPP LTE-V2X技术标准。当该第一技术标准为车载环境的无线接入车联网(WAVE V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会车载环境的无线接入车联网(CCSA WAVE V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA WAVE V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该WAVE V2X技术标准。当该第一技术标准为新空口车联网(NR V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会新空口车联网(CCSA NR V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA NR V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该NR V2X技术标准。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器。该一个或多个存储器与该一个或多个处理器耦合，该一个或多个存储器存储有计算机指令。示例性的，在一些实施例中，该通信装置可以为终端设备。当该一个或多个处理器执行该计算机指令时，使得该通信装置执行如第一方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
第四方面，提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理电路和接口。该处理电路用于从存储介质中调用并运行该存储介质中存储的计算机程序，以执行如第一方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
第五方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当该计算机指令运行时，执行如第一方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
第六方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品中包括指令，当该计算 机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以根据该指令执行如第一方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
第七方面，提供一种通信系统。该通信系统可以包括一个或多个上述第二方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的通信装置。在一些实现方式中，该通信系统还可以包括一个或多个网络设备，用于与通信装置进行信息交互，以实现如第一方面及其可能的设计中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
应当理解的是，上述第二方面，第三方面，第四方面，第五方面，第六方面以及第七方面提供的技术方案，其技术特征均可对应到第一方面及其可能的设计中提供的信号同步方法，因此能够达到的有益效果类似，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种信号同步场景的示意图；
图2为又一种信号同步场景的示意图；
图3为又一种信号同步场景的示意图；
图4为又一种信号同步场景的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种信号同步方法的流程图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种授权界面的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种授权信息的获取方法的流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片系统的组成示意图。
具体实施方式
目前，在终端设备(如用户设备(user equipment，UE))与其他设备进行V2X通信时，可以通过多种方法进行信号同步。示例性的，以进行V2X通信的终端设备为UE1和UE2为例。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中涉及的终端设备，可以为手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)\虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、媒体播放器、车联网设备等能够进行设备与设备之间通信(如V2X通信)的设备。本申请实施例对该终端设备的具体形态不作特殊限制。
在一些信号同步场景中，当UE1和UE2均在全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS)覆盖范围内并且能够有效地接收到来自GNSS的同步信号时，如图1所示，UE1和UE2可以分别接收来自卫星的同步信号，并基于该同步信号进行信号同步，实现UE1和UE2的信号同步。
在另一些信号同步场景中，当UE1和UE2处于相同/不同小区覆盖范围内，并且均能够有效地接收到来自各自对应的小区的同步信号时，如图2所示，UE1和UE2可以分别接收来自对应基站的同步信号(图2中以UE1和UE2处于相同小区为例)，并基于该同步信号进行信号同步，实现UE1和UE2的信号同步。需要说明的是，当UE1和UE2处于不同的小区覆盖范围内时，则可以通过UE1对应小区的基站 与UE2对应小区的基站之间的信息交互，确定两个同步信号是否存在差异，以及存在差异时对应的偏移量，由此进行对应的调整，实现UE1和UE2的信号同步。
在另一些信号同步场景中，当UE1和UE2中存在一个或两个终端设备不在GNSS或小区的覆盖范围内时，则需要通过终端设备的自同步进行信号同步。例如，如图3所示，UE1可以广播同步信号，UE2可以通过接收该同步信号，确定UE1当前的时钟信息，并据此进行同步，以便与UE2实现信号同步。
但是，由于UE1和UE2在进行上述信号同步时，可能工作在不同的技术标准下，由此会出现一些问题，进而使得UE1和UE2之间的V2X通信出现问题。例如，当UE1和UE2工作在不同的技术标准下时，由于不同技术标准规定的用于进行信号同步的时钟信息等数据在同步信号中的帧位各不相同，由此使得UE1无法对UE2发送的同步信号进行正确的解析，由此导致UE1和UE2无法基于同步信号进行准确的信号同步，因此也就使得UE1和UE2无法进行正常的V2X通信。以下对此进行详细说明。
首先对目前常用的V2X通信中的技术标准进行说明。
目前，V2X通信中的技术标准可以包括：第三代合作伙伴计划长期演进车联网(3rd generation partnership project long term evolution V2X，3GPP LTE V2X)技术标准，与该3GPP LTE V2X技术标准具有相同的底层技术的中国通信标准化协会长期演进车联网(china communications standards association long term evolution V2X，CCSA LTE V2X)技术标准；车载环境的无线接入车联网(wireless access for vehicular environments V2X，WAVE V2X)技术标准，与该WAVE V2X技术标准具有相同的底层技术的中国通信标准化协会车载环境的无线接入车联网(CCSA WAVE V2X)技术标准；新空口车联网(new radio V2X，NR V2X)技术标准，以及与该NR V2X技术标准具有相同的底层技术的中国通信标准化协会新空口车联网(CCSA NR V2X)技术标准等。
一般而言，终端设备能够支持上述6种技术标准中的一种或多种，但是在同一时刻，终端设备只能工作在一种技术标准下(本申请中，可将终端设备工作在技术标准下称为终端设备对应该技术标准)。以下以终端设备支持上述所有6种技术标准为例。
应当理解的是，如图1或图2或图3所示的信号同步场景下，UE1可以与UE2对应相同的技术标准，UE1也可与UE2分别对应具有相同底层技术的不同技术标准下，UE1也可与UE2分别对应具有不同底层技术的不同技术标准下。
示例性的，在一些实现方式中，UE1与UE2可以工作在相同的技术标准下，以下以UE1和UE2都工作在3GPP LTE V2X技术标准为例。在如图1所示的信号同步场景下，UE1和UE2可以分别接收来自卫星的同步信号，并根据解析后的同步信号进行信号同步，由此使得UE1和UE2都能够同步到卫星，也就实现了UE1和UE2之间的信号同步。在如图2所示的信号同步场景下，与上述关于图1中的信号同步类似，UE1和UE2可以分别同步到基站，由此实现UE1和UE2之间的信号同步。在如图3所示的信号同步场景下，UE1可以向UE2发送基于3GPP LTE V2X技术标准的 同步信号。UE2可以接收该同步信号，由于其也工作在3GPP LTE V2X技术标准下，因此能够准确地对该同步信号进行解析，并据此进行信号同步。这样就实现了UE2与UE1的信号同步。
也就是说，UE1和UE2工作在相同的技术标准下时，能够顺利地进行信号同步，并进行V2X通信。
在另一些实现方式中，UE1和UE2工作在具有相同底层技术的不同的技术标准下，以下以UE1工作在3GPP LTE V2X技术标准，UE2工作在CCSA LTE V2X技术标准为例。在如图1所示的信号同步场景下，UE1和UE2可以分别同步到卫星，实现在接收到卫星的同步信号时，UE1和UE2之间的信号同步。然而，由于UE1和UE2工作的技术标准不同，而不同技术标准所规定的信号中不同帧位所对应的信息可能不同，这样就使得UE1和UE2进行V2X通信时，存在UE1无法正确地对UE2发送的信号进行解析的问题。类似的，UE2也无法正确地对UE1发送的信号进行解析。因此，即使UE1和UE2实现了某一时刻(如接收到卫星的同步信号的时刻)实现了信号同步，也可能无法正确地进行V2X通信。类似的，在如图2所示的信号同步场景下，也会出现UE1和UE2无法进行正常的V2X通信的问题。在如图3所示的信号同步场景下，UE1可以向UE2发送基于3GPP LTE V2X的同步信号，UE2可以接收该同步信号。由于UE2与UE1所工作的技术标准的底层技术相同，因此，一般而言UE2可以顺利地对该基于3GPP LTE V2X的同步信号进行解析，并据此进行同步。但是，类似于上述图1和图2的说明，由于两个终端设备工作在不同的技术标准下，因此会导致UE1和UE2之间无法顺利进行V2X通信。
在另一些实现方式中，UE1和UE2工作在具有不同底层技术的不同技术标准下，以下以UE1工作在3GPP LTE V2X技术标准，UE2工作在WAVE V2X为了。类似于上述说明，在如图1以及图2的信号同步场景下，即使UE1和UE2能够实现信号同步，也会由于其各自所工作的技术标准不同，导致无法顺利进行V2X通信的问题。在如图3所示的信号同步场景下，由于UE1和UE2工作的技术标准的底层技术不同，因此UE2即使接收到UE1发送的同步信号，也无法正确的对该同步信号进行解析，也就无法实现UE2与UE1之间的信号同步。由于无法实现信号同步，也就使得UE1和UE2之间的V2X通信无法进行。
基于上述说明，当UE1和UE2工作在不同的技术标准下时，会出现V2X通信无法顺利进行的问题。另外，终端设备在每接收到一个同步信号时，就会尝试根据该同步信号进行信号同步，但由于即使完成信号同步也无法进行V2X通信，由此也会浪费终端设备的信号同步资源以及处理资源。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种信号同步方法，使得终端设备能够根据接收到的同步信号的种类和/或数量，确定是否切换当前工作的技术标准。进而在确定后的技术标准下根据与该技术标准对应的同步信号进行信号同步，保证V2X通信的顺利进行。
以下结合附图对本申请实施例提供的方案进行详细说明。
首先对本申请实施例提供的技术方案的实施环境进行介绍。
示例性的，本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法，可以应用于如图1或图2或图3所示的V2X通信场景中。
在一些实现方式中，当该信号同步方法应用于如图1所示的通信场景中时，其中的卫星可以是能够提供GNSS定位服务的卫星。例如，该卫星可以按照一定规则(如按照一定周期)向终端设备发送包括时钟信息的同步信号，以便终端设备可以根据该同步信号同步到卫星，由此实现不同终端设备之间的信号同步。
在另一些实现方式中，当该信号同步方法应用于如图2所示的通信场景中时，其中的基站可以是能够提供第三代合作伙伴计划(third generation partnership project，3GPP)所规定的通信服务的网络设备。例如，该通信服务可以为第三代移动通信技术(the 3rd generation mobile communication technology，3G)，或第四代移动通信技术(the 4th generation mobile communication technology，4G)，或第五代移动通信技术(the 4th generation mobile communication technology，5G)对应的通信服务。该基站还可以是遵从其他无线通信标准的网络设备，例如该基站可以是遵从中国通信标准化协会的无线通信标准、电气电子工程师学会(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，IEEE)的802系列(如802.11，或802.15，或802.20)的无线通信标准等无线通信标准的网络设备。在本示例中，该基站可以用于向其对应小区中的终端设备发送包括时钟信息的同步信号，以便终端设备可以根据该同步信号，同步到基站，由此实现不同终端设备之间的信号同步。在一些实现场景下，基站还可以用于接收终端设备发送的授权请求，基站还可以用于向终端设备反馈授权信息或者拒绝授权信息。
需要说明的是，一般而言，终端设备可以支持多种工作模式，不同的工作模式能够支持不同种类的同步方法。例如，终端设备的工作模式为模式3(mode3)时，则该终端设备能够通过同步到GNSS(或所在小区)，实现对该终端设备与GNSS(或所在小区)的信号同步。又如，终端设备的工作模式为模式4(mode4)时，则该终端设备能够根据接收到的其他终端设备发送的同步信号中包括的时钟信号进行信号同步，实现对该终端设备与发送同步信号的终端设备的信号同步。
示例性的，上述如图1或图2所示的通信场景中涉及的终端设备，能够支持同步到GNSS或者所在小区以进行信号同步。在本申请实施例中，终端设备可以在需要进行上述信号同步时，将自身的工作模式调整为mode3，以采用对应的协议同步到GNSS中的卫星或小区对应的基站。
在另一些实现方式中，当该信号同步方法应用于如图3所示的通信场景中时，其中的终端设备(如UE1和UE2)可以是能够进行V2X通信的车辆或其他终端设备。作为一种示例，当UE1想要与UE2进行V2X通信时，可以通过广播等形式，将包括自身当前时钟信息的同步信号发送出去，UE2可以通过接收该同步信号，并根据该同步信号与UE1进行信号同步。
需要说明的是，上述如图3所示的通信场景中涉及的终端设备，能够支持通过广播的形式与其他终端设备进行信号同步。在本申请实施例中，终端设备可以在需要进行上述信号同步时，将自身的工作模式调整为mode4，以采用对应的协议实现与其他 终端设备之间的信号同步。
本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法，可以适用于上述说明中的任意一种通信场景中，解决由于工作在不同技术标准导致的终端设备之间的V2X通信受阻的问题。示例性的，以该方案终端设备采用mode4进行信号同步为例。一般而言，终端设备同时会接收到分别来自不同其他终端设备的多个同步信号。如图4所示，第一终端设备可以同时接收到M个来自不同第二终端设备的同步信号(如图4所示的同步信号1-M)，其中，M为大于或等于1的整数。在本申请实施例中，每个同步信号中都可以携带有用于指示发送该同步信号的第二终端设备当前工作的技术标准。例如，第二终端设备可以在同步信号携带的主信息块(master information block，MIB)中携带该标识，又如，第二终端设备可以在同步信号携带的系统信息快(system information block，SIB)中携带该标识。第一终端设备可以在接收到M个同步信号后，根据M个同步信号分别携带的标识，确定发送这M个同步信号的第二终端设备当前工作的技术标准，并据此确定是否需要切换当前工作的技术标准。如果切换，则采用与切换后的技术标准对应的同步信号进行信号同步，以便与对应的终端设备进行V2X通信。如果不切换，则采用与当前工作的技术标准对应的同步信号进行信号同步，以便与对应的终端设备进行V2X通信。由此就使得第一终端设备能够根据实际通信情况，进行技术标准的切换，以保证V2X通信的顺利进行。
以下结合示例对本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法进行详细说明。
其中以该方法应用于如图4所示的通信场景，第一终端设备为UE1，第二终端设备为UE2，UE1当前对应的技术标准为技术标准1，M个UE2当前的技术标准为技术标准1或技术标准2，技术标准1和技术标准2具有相同的底层技术为例。如图5所示，该方法可以包括S501-S505。
S501、UE1接收分别来自M个UE2的同步信号。
如上述说明，UE2在需要发起V2X通信时，可以通过广播等方式，向外发送同步信号。在本申请实施例中，UE2可以在发送的同步信号中，增加标识，用于指示UE2当前对应的技术标准。
示例性的，UE2发送的同步信号中可以包括携带有用于指示UE2对应技术标准的标识的MIB。在一些实现方式中，UE2可以在MIB的预留位中设置该标识，由此可以在不额外增加标识位的前提下实现对该标识的新增。其中，在一些实现场景中，该标识可以通过1比特的数字标识。例如，当该标识被设置为1时，可以用于标示对应UE2对应的技术标准为技术标准2，当该标识被设置为0时，可以用于标示对应UE2对应的技术标为技术标准1。在其他一些实现场景中，该标识也可采用其他方式进行设置，能够用于指示UE2对应的技术标准即可。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例的另一些实现方式中，UE2也可以在其他信息块中设置该标识，如在SIB中设置该标识等。
在本示例中，UE1可以通过扫频等操作，接收到M个分别携带有标识的同步信号。其中，一个同步信号对应一个发射该同步信号的UE2。
示例性的，在一些实现方式中，UE1可以根据预设的周期进行同步信号的接收。 例如，在UE1中可以设置定时器，在UE1上电时，该定时器被触发开始计时，当该定时器计时结束时，则UE1执行一次同步信号的扫描和接收。又如，在UE1中可以设置定时器，在UE1上电时，该定时器被触发开始计时，同时UE1开始扫描接收同步信号，当该定时器计时结束时，则UE1停止接收同步信号，UE1可以将定时器计时过程中接收到的同步信号作为一次扫描接收到的同步信号进行处理。应当理解的是，上述示例中定时器的触发机制(如UE1上电)仅为示例性说明，在其他一些实现场景中，定时器的触发机制也可以是灵活设置的，如接收到开始计时的指令等。
在另一些实现方式中，UE1可以根据接收到的接收指令执行同步信号的扫描和接收。本申请实施例对UE1接收同步信号的机制不作限制。
S502、UE1对M个同步信号进行解析，获取每个同步信号携带的标识。
UE1在接收到M个同步信号后，则可以分别对M个同步信号进行解析处理。在本示例中，由于UE1和M个UE2所工作的技术标准的底层技术相同，因此，UE1可以顺利地对接收到的M个同步信号进行解析。由此获取每个同步信号携带的标识。
例如，当标识为所述第一值(如“1”)时，则可以用于指示发出对应同步信号的UE2对应技术标准2，当所述标识为第二值(如“0”)时，则用于指示发出对应同步信号的UE2对应技术标准1。
这样，UE1就可以知晓当前具有V2X通信需求的终端设备中，各个终端设备对应的技术标准。
S503、UE1判断是否需要切换当前技术标准。
在本示例中，UE1可以根据获取的M个同步信号分别携带的标识确定是否需要切换技术标准。例如，切换技术标准即执行从当前的技术标准1切换为技术标准2的第一切换操作。对应的，不切换技术标准即执行保持当前的技术标准1继续工作的第二切换操作。
示例性的，在UE1中可以设置有预设参数，以便UE1可以根据该预设参数以及上述同步信号的标识确定是否需要切换当前技术标准。
在一些实现方式中，该预设参数可以包括预设的第一阈值。UE1可以根据M个同步信号中，所携带的标识被设置为“1”的同步信号的数量与该第一阈值的关系，确定是否需要切换当前技术标准。
例如，当M个同步信号的标识中，设置为“1”的标识的数量大于第一阈值时，则UE1可以确定当前有V2X通信需求的UE2中，有较多的UE2工作在技术标准2，因此UE1可以确定需要切换当前技术标标准。对应的，当M个同步信号的标识中，设置为“1”的标识的数量小于第一阈值时，则UE1可以确定当前有V2X通信需求的UE2中，有较多的UE2工作在技术标准1，则确定不需要切换当前技术标标准。
应当理解的是，结合上述UE1接收M个同步信号的说明，当UE1在预设时间内(如通过第一定时器实现该预设时间的控制)进行同步信号的扫描和接收时，则UE1可以根据该第一定时器计时时间内，接收到同步信号所携带的标识中，被设置为“1”的标识的数量与第一阈值的关系，确定是否需要切换当前技术标准。例如，当被设置为“1”的标识的数量大于第一阈值时，则UE1确定需要切换当前技术标准，对应的， 当被设置为“1”的标识的数量小于第一阈值时，则UE1确定不需要切换当前技术标准。
在另一些实现方式中，该预设参数可以包括预设的第二阈值。UE1可以根据M个同步信号中，所携带的标识被设置为“0”的同步信号的数量与该第二阈值的关系，确定是否需要切换当前技术标准。
例如，当M个同步信号的标识中，设置为“0”的标识的数量大于第二阈值时，则UE1确定不需要切换当前技术标标准。对应的，当M个同步信号的标识中，设置为“0”的标识的数量小于第二阈值时，则UE1确定需要切换当前技术标标准。
类似于上述示例，结合上述UE1接收M个同步信号的说明，当UE1在预设时间内(如通过第二定时器实现该预设时间的控制)进行同步信号的扫描和接收时，则UE1可以根据该第二定时器计时时间内，接收到同步信号所携带的标识中，被设置为“0”的标识的数量与第二阈值的关系，确定是否需要切换当前技术标准。例如，当被设置为“0”的标识的数量大于第二阈值时，则UE1确定不需要切换当前技术标准，对应的，当被设置为“0”的标识的数量小于第二阈值时，则UE1确定需要切换当前技术标准。
在另一些实现方式中，该预设参数可以包括信号功率。在本示例中，UE1可以在对M个同步信号进行解析的同时，获取每个同步信号对应的信号功率。UE1可以根据M个同步信号中，每个同步信号的信号功率，确定是否需要进行技术标准的切换。
例如，当携带有设置为“1”的标识的同步信号的平均功率，大于携带有设置为“0”的标识的同步信号的平均功率，则UE1可以确定当前有V2X通信需求的UE2中，工作在技术标准2的UE2的通信需求更加强烈，因此UE1可以确定切换当前技术标准1为技术标准2。对应的，当携带有设置为“1”的标识的同步信号的平均功率，小于携带有设置为“0”的标识的同步信号的平均功率，则UE1可以确定当前有V2X通信需求的UE2中，工作在技术标准1的UE2的通信需求更加强烈，因此UE1可以确定不切换当前技术标准。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例的不同实现中，可以根据具体需求灵活设置UE1确定是否确定切换当前技术标准的方法。例如，在一些实现场景下，UE1可以采用上述示例中的任意一个方法确定是否切换当前技术标准。又如，在另一些实现场景下，UE1可以同时采用上述示例中的两个方法或多个方法确定是否切换当前技术标准。作为一种示例，以UE1同时参考上述实例中的三种方法为例。UE1可以根据接收到的M个同步信号所携带的标识，确定其中被设置为“1”的标识的数量大于第一阈值，并且被设置为“0”的标识的数量小于第二阈值，并且被设置为“1”的标识对应同步信号的平均功率大于被设置为“0”的标识对应同步信号的平均功率时，确定需要进行技术标准的切换，即将当前的技术标准1切换为技术标准2。对应的，UE1可以根据接收到的M个同步信号所携带的标识，确定其中被设置为“1”的标识的数量小于第一阈值，或者被设置为“0”的标识的数量小于第二阈值，或者被设置为“1”的标识对应同步信号的平均功率小于被设置为“0”的标识对应同步信号的平均功率时，确定不需要进行技 术标准的切换，即不将当前的技术标准1切换为技术标准2，保持工作在技术标准1的状态。
当然，在本申请的另一些实现方式中，UE1还可以根据其他方法确定是否要进行技术标准的切换，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
当UE1确定需要切换当前技术标准时，执行以下S504。
当UE1确定不需要切换当前技术标准时，执行以下S505。
S504、UE1执行第一切换操作。
S505、UE1执行第二切换操作。
在UE1确定需要将当前的技术标准1切换为技术标准2时，即可执行第一切换操作。示例性的，该第一切换操作可以为：UE1终止当前的广播业务，调用与技术标准2对应的参数，并根据该与技术标准2对应的参数配置UE1，已完成从技术标准1到技术标准2的切换。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例的一些实现方式中，UE1可以在确定需要执行上述第一切换操作后，立即执行该切换操作。在另一些实现方式中，如果存在正在进行的V2X通信，UE1可以在完成当前V2X通信之后，在执行切换操作。在另一些实现方式中，如果存在正在进行的V2X通信，UE1可以等待预设时间后，再执行切换操作。
在另一些实现方式中，UE1还可以在确定需要执行该第一切换操作后，根据授权信息，执行该操作。其中，该授权信息可以是预置在UE1中的，也可以是根据用户输入的操作确定的。
示例性的，UE1可以在确定需要执行第一切换操作后，确定是否有授权信息。例如，UE1可以通过其接入层向上层(如非接入层，又如应用层等)发送授权请求。在一些实现场景中，UE1中预置有授权信息，则上层可以响应于该授权请求，向接入层直接反馈该授权信息，用于指示接入层执行该第一切换操作。在另一些实现场景中，上层可以通过与用户进行交互，以便通过用户输入的操作确定是否进行授权。例如，上层可以在在UE1的显示屏上显示如图6所示的界面。如图6所示，该界面中可以包括提示用户进行授权的信息，如图中所示的“请确定是否进行技术标准的切换”。该界面中还可以包括“切换”按钮，以及“不切换”按钮。当用户通过触摸(或点击)该“切换”按钮时，则响应于用户输入的操作，上层可以向接入层转发授权信息，以便接入层执行第一切换操作。当用户通过触摸(或点击)该“不切换”按钮时，则响应于用户输入的操作，上层可以向接入层转发拒绝授权信息，以便接入层开始保持当前技术标准继续工作。应当理解的是，上述用户输入操作的方法仅为示例性说明，在其他一些场景下，UE1还可通过其他方式实现与用户之间的交互。例如，当UE1支持语音输入等功能时，UE1可以通过语音提示等方法，以便向用户转达需要进行授权或拒绝授权的操作。对应的，用户可以通过语音输入实现上述授权操作，以便上层向接入层转发授权信息，由此使得接入层可以执行该第一切换操作。
需要说明的是，UE1在向用户展示如图6所示的界面后，在一段时间(如通过设置第三定时器实现对该时间的控制)后如果还没有接收到用户的反馈，则UE1可以 通过音频或视频的方式提醒用户进行授权或拒绝授权的操作。或者，UE1的上层可以直接向接入层发送拒绝授权信息。具体的实现方式可以根据具体场景灵活选取，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
另外，上述示例是以UE1自身确定或通过与用户的交互确定授权信息为例进行说明的。在另一些实施例中，UE1还可以通过与所在小区对应的网络设备(如基站)进行交互，以获取授权信息。示例性的，以UE1在基站1的覆盖范围内，并通过基站1获取授权信息为例。请参考图7，为本申请实施例提供的一种授权信息的获取方法的流程示意图。如图7所示，UE1确定需要执行第一切换操作，即需要对当前技术标准进行切换(如图7中的S701)，UE1可以向基站1发送授权请求(如图7中的S702)。该授权请求可以用于请求基站1确定是否允许UE1切换当前技术标准。基站1在接收到该授权请求后，可以根据当前V2X通信情况以及资源使用情况，确定是否授权切换当前技术标准(如图7中的S703)。当基站1确定可以切换当前技术标准时，则可以执行如图7中的S704，即确定授权信息。并通过下行传输通道将包括该授权信息的第一信息发送给UE1(如图7中的S705)。以便UE1可以根据该第一信息执行第一切换操作。当基站1确定不可切换当前技术标准时，则可以执行如图7中的S706，即确定拒绝授权信息。并通过下行传输通道将包括该拒绝授权信息的第二信息发送给UE1(如图7中的S707)。以便UE1可以根据该第二信息执行第二切换操作。需要说明的是，在另一些实现方式中，基站1在确定不可切换当前技术标准时，也可不向UE1发送任何消息。UE1可以在预设时长内，确定没有收到授权信息时，则执行第二切换操作。由此，网络设备(如基站1)就可以主动对其覆盖范围内的终端设备的V2X进行管理，例如对V2X资源的使用情况进行管理，以保证其覆盖范围内的V2X通信能够顺利进行。
在本示例中，终端设备在确定技术标准后，如执行第一切换操作或第二切换操作后，可以根据具有对应技术标准的同步信号进行信号同步，以实现与对应终端设备的通信。
示例性的，在UE1获取的同步信号中，除了携带有用于指示发出该同步信号的第二终端设备对应的技术标准的标识的MIB外，还可以包括边链路主同步信号(primary sidelink synchronization signal，PSSS)，以及边链路辅同步信号(secondary sidelink synchronization signal，SSSS)。当UE1执行上述第一切换操作后，可以根据携带有被设置为“1”(即发出该同步信号的第二终端设备对应的技术标准为技术标准2)的同步信号进行信号同步，以实现与工作在技术标准2的第二终端设备的V2X通信。类似的，当UE1执行上述第二切换操作后，可以根据携带有被设置为“0”(即发出该同步信号的第二终端设备对应的技术标准为技术标准1)的同步信号进行信号同步，以实现与工作在技术标准1的第二终端设备的V2X通信。
需要说明的是，结合上述说明，目前UE1在接收到同步信号后，会尝试根据该同步信号进行信号同步，而该方案可能会使得进行信号同步后依然无法进行V2X通信，因而浪费UE1的处理资源。因此，在本申请实施例中，UE1可以根据接收到的M个同步信号中每个同步信号携带的标识，确定发出该同步信号对应第二终端设备对 应的技术标准。当发出该同步信号的第二终端设备对应的技术标准与UE1当前的技术标准不同时，则停止同步处理，在执行第一切换操作或第二切换操作后再进行信号同步。由此便可以使得UE1不会进行无效的信号同步，进而节省了UE1的处理资源。
应当理解的是，上述对于本申请提供的信号同步方法进行的说明，是以接收同步信号的终端设备为工作在第一技术标准下的第一终端设备，发送同步信号的多个终端设备均为第二终端设备，每个第二终端设备可以工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准下为例的。在另一些实现方式中，M个第二终端设备还可分别工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准或第三技术标准或其他技术标准。本申请实施例提供的信号同步方法也可使用在该场景下。示例性的，以M个第二终端设备分别工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准或第三技术标准为例。第一终端设备可以通过接收携带有不同标识的M个同步信号，该M个同步信号中可以包括携带标识1的同步信号，携带有标识2的同步信号，携带有标识3的同步信号。其中，该标识1用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，该标识2用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准，该标识3用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第三技术标准。则第一终端设备可以根据该M个同步信号中，携带有标识1的同步信号，携带有标识2的同步信号以及携带有标识3的同步信号确定是否要将当前对应的技术标准切换为第二技术标准或第三技术标准，或者保持当前第一技术标准继续工作。其具体的确定方法，以及确定需要进行技术标准的切换后的实现方式，与上述示例中的说明类似，此处不再赘述。当然，当M个第二终端设备工作包括工作在4种或更多种不同的技术标准时，其对应的执行方法也类似。本申请实施例对于第二终端设备工作的技术标准的种类，不作限制。
上述主要从电子设备的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对其中涉及的终端(如第一终端设备)进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
请参考图8，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置800的示意性框图。该通信装置800可以设置于第一终端设备中，用于执行本申请实施例提供的任意一种信号同步方法。
如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括接收单元801，确定单元802，切换单元 803，发送单元804，显示单元805以及同步单元806。
其中，该接收单元801，用于接收来自M个第二终端设备的同步信号，M为大于或等于1的整数，该同步信号包括用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应技术标准的标识，第一终端设备对应第一技术标准，该M个第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准。该确定单元802，用于根据M个该同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作。该切换操作为将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准的第一切换操作，或者，该切换操作为不将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准的第二切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，该同步信号包括主信息块(MIB)。其中，该标识包含在该MIB中。
在一种可能的设计中，该根据M个该同步信号包括的标识，该确定单元802，用于根据该M个该同步信号包括的标识，以及预设参数确定该切换操作：该预设参数包括第一阈值，和/或第二阈值，和/或第一定时器，和/或第二定时器，和/或该同步信号的信号功率。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该确定单元802，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量大于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识数量小于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该确定单元802，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量大于该第一阈值，或在该第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量大于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第一值的标识的数量小于该第一阈值，且在该第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量小于该第一阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括第二阈值。该确定单元802，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量大于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识数量小于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为该第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准。该预设参数包括该第二阈值，和该第二定时器，该 确定单元802，具体用于当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量大于该第二阈值，并且在该第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量大于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作。当M个该同步信号的标识中，设置为该第二值的标识的数量小于该第二阈值，或者在该第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量小于该第二阈值时，则确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当该标识为第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准，当该标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第二技术标准，该预设参数包括该信号功率。该确定单元802，还用于确定M个该同步信号中每个同步信号的信号功率。该确定单元802，还用于根据该M个该同步信号中，设置为该第一值的同步信号的信号功率，和设置为该第二值的同步信号的信号功率，确定该切换操作。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括切换单元803，用于当确定该切换操作为该第一切换操作时，将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准。或者，根据授权信息，将该第一终端设备对应的该第一技术标准切换为该第二技术标准。当该切换操作为该第二切换操作时，该第一终端设备保持现有技术标准。
在一种可能的设计中，该授权信息是预设在该第一终端设备中的，或者，该授权信息是通过发送用于请求该授权信息的授权请求获取的。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括发送单元804。该发送单元804可以用于接入层(access layer，AS层)向上层发送该授权请求，以便上层根据该授权请求，向该AS层反馈该授权信息。或者，该发送单元804可以用于向网络设备发送该授权请求，以便该网络设备根据该授权请求，向该第一终端设备反馈该授权信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括显示单元805，该显示单元805可以包括显示屏和/或语音提示单元。示例性的，该显示单元805可以用于上层在该第一终端设备的显示屏上显示授权请求对应的界面，以便接收用于指示该授权信息的授权操作。或者，该显示单元805可以用于上层发出与该授权请求对应的语音提示，以便接收用于指示该授权信息的语音授权信息或该授权操作。
在一种可能的设计中，当发出该授权请求后，预设时间内未收到该授权信息时，确定单元802，还用于确定该切换操作为该第二切换操作，或者，发送单元804，还用于重新发送该授权请求。
在一种可能的设计中，该同步信号还包括边链路主同步信号(PSSS)，边链路辅同步信号(SSSS)。该装置还包括同步单元806，用于根据工作在该第二技术标准的第二终端设备发出的同步信号中的PSSS以及SSSS进行信号同步。
在一种可能的设计中，当该第一技术标准为第三代合作伙伴计划长期演进车联网(3GPP LTE V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会长期演进车联网(CCSA LTE V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA LTE-V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该3GPP LTE-V2X技术标准。当该第一技术标准为车载环境的无线接入车联网(WAVE V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准 化协会车载环境的无线接入车联网(CCSA WAVE V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA WAVE V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该WAVE V2X技术标准。当该第一技术标准为新空口车联网(NR V2X)技术标准时，该第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会新空口车联网(CCSA NR V2X)技术标准。当该第一技术标准为该CCSA NR V2X技术标准时，该第二技术标准为该NR V2X技术标准。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。作为可选而不是必须，必要时，本申请实施例提供的通信装置800还可以包括用于支持上述接收单元801和/或确定单元802和/或切换单元803和/或发送单元804和/或显示单元805和/或同步单元806完成相应功能的处理模块或者控制模块。
在另一种划分中，通信装置900还可被划分为其他逻辑组成。该通信装置900可以设置在上述示例中涉及的终端设备(如第一终端设备和/或第二终端设备中)示例性的，如图9所示，在该划分中，通信装置900可以包括技术标准管理模块901，授权管理模块902，同步状态管理模块903，同步源检测管理模块904，同步源同步管理模块905，以及信号收发系统模块906。
其中，技术标准管理模块901可以用于控制当前工作的技术标准。例如，在开机时选择默认工作技术标准。又如，在后续运行中，根据判决是否需要切换技术标准执行技术标准的切换。
授权管理模块902可以用于管理授权信息。根据上述示例中的说明，在一些实现方式中，是否切换技术标准，可以由用户来决定。在该示例中个，如果用户提前授权，允许切换技术标准，则该授权管理模块902可以用于存储该授权信息。如果用户没有提前授权，当第一终端设备确定需要切换技术标准时，该向授权管理模块902可以用于提示用户，以便确定是否切换技术标准。
同步状态管理模块903可以用于整体控制同步源状态。例如，控制同步源检测管理模块904可以用于进行信号的发送和接收，缓存同步源检测管理模块904上报的其他终端(如第二终端设备)的信号信息。
同步源检测管理模块904可以用于控制同步源检测管理。示例性的，同步源检测管理模块904可以具体用于启动信号收发系统进行信号发送、对信号收发系统的接收的信号进行分类、按优先级排序，并将信号信息上报给总控智能组网管理模块的等功能。
同步源同步管理模块905用于控制信号收发系统，同步到新的同步源(如第一终端设备需要同步的第二终端设备)。示例性的，同步源同步管理模块905可以根据帧号，子帧号以及起始位置点与新的同步源同步，便于在新的同步源下进行通信。
信号收发系统模块906，可以用于发送同步信号、检测、接收其他终端发送的同步信号。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
图10示出了的一种通信装置1000的组成示意图。该通信装置1000能够提供终 端设备的功能。例如，该通信装置1000可以为上述示例中的第一终端设备和/或第二终端设备。另外，在该通信装置1000中，可以设置有上述如图8或图9所示的通信装置，用于实现本申请实施例中提供的任一种信号同步方法。
如图10所示，该通信装置1000可以包括：处理器1001和存储器1002。该存储器1002用于存储计算机执行指令。示例性的，在一些实施例中，当该处理器1001执行该存储器1002存储的指令时，可以使得该通信装置1000执行如图5或图7中所示的信号同步方法。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
图11示出了的一种芯片系统1100的组成示意图。该芯片系统1100可以包括：处理器1101和通信接口1102，用于支持终端设备(如上述第一终端和/或第二终端)实现上述实施例中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，用于保存终端必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中的功能或动作或操作或步骤等，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包括一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种信号同步方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收来自M个第二终端设备的同步信号，M为大于或等于1的整数，所述同步信号包括用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应技术标准的标识，第一终端设备对应第一技术标准，所述M个第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准或第二技术标准；
    根据M个所述同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作；所述切换操作为将所述第一终端设备对应的所述第一技术标准切换为所述第二技术标准的第一切换操作，或者，所述切换操作为不将所述第一终端设备对应的所述第一技术标准切换为所述第二技术标准的第二切换操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步信号包括主信息块
    MIB；其中，所述标识包含在所述MIB中。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据M个所述同步信号包括的标识，确定切换操作，包括：
    根据所述M个所述同步信号包括的标识，以及预设参数确定所述切换操作：
    所述预设参数包括以下参数中的一个或多个：
    第一阈值，第二阈值，第一定时器，第二定时器，所述同步信号的信号功率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识为所述第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当所述标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准；所述预设参数包括所述第一阈值，
    所述根据M个所述同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第一值的标识的数量大于所述第一阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第二切换操作；
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第一值的标识数量小于所述第一阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第一切换操作。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识为所述第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当所述标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准；所述预设参数包括所述第一阈值，和所述第一定时器，
    所述根据M个所述同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第一值的标识的数量大于所述第一阈值，或在所述第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量大于所述第一阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第二切换操作；
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第一值的标识的数量小于所述第一阈值，且在所述第一定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第一值的标识的同步信号的数量小于所述第一阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第一切换操作。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识为所述第 一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当所述标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准；所述预设参数包括第二阈值，
    所述根据M个所述同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第二值的标识的数量大于所述第二阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第一切换操作；
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第二值的标识数量小于所述第二阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第二切换操作。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识为所述第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第一技术标准，当所述标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备对应第二技术标准；所述预设参数包括所述第二阈值，和所述第二定时器，
    所述根据M个所述同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第二值的标识的数量大于所述第二阈值，并且在所述第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量大于所述第二阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第一切换操作；
    当M个所述同步信号的标识中，设置为所述第二值的标识的数量小于所述第二阈值，或者在所述第二定时器对应的时长内，接收到的携带有设置为第二值的标识的同步信号的数量小于所述第二阈值时，则所述切换操作为所述第二切换操作。
  8. 根据权利要求3-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识为第一值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第一技术标准，当所述标识为第二值时，用于指示发出对应同步信号的第二终端设备工作在第二技术标准，所述预设参数包括所述信号功率；
    在所述根据M个所述同步信号的标识，确定切换操作之前，所述方法还包括：
    确定M个所述同步信号中每个同步信号的信号功率；
    所述根据M个所述同步信号的标识，确定切换操作，包括：
    根据所述M个所述同步信号中，设置为所述第一值的同步信号的信号功率，和设置为所述第二值的同步信号的信号功率，确定所述切换操作。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当确定所述切换操作为所述第一切换操作时，将所述第一终端设备对应的所述第一技术标准切换为所述第二技术标准；或者，根据授权信息，将所述第一终端设备对应的所述第一技术标准切换为所述第二技术标准；
    当所述切换操作为所述第二切换操作时，所述第一终端设备保持现有技术标准。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述授权信息是预设在所述第一终端设备中的，或者，
    所述授权信息是通过发送用于请求所述授权信息的授权请求获取的。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过发送用于请求所述授权信息的授权请求获取所述授权信息，包括：
    接入AS层向上层发送所述授权请求，上层根据所述授权请求，向所述AS层反馈所述授权信息；或者，
    向网络设备发送所述授权请求，所述网络设备根据所述授权请求，向所述第一终端设备反馈所述授权信息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述上层根据所述授权请求，向所述AS层反馈所述授权信息，包括：
    上层在所述第一终端设备的显示屏上显示授权请求对应的界面，以便接收用于指示所述授权信息的授权操作；或者，
    上层发出与所述授权请求对应的语音提示，以便接收用于指示所述授权信息的语音授权信息或所述授权操作。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当发出所述授权请求后，预设时间内未收到所述授权信息时，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述切换操作为所述第二切换操作，或者，
    重新发送所述授权请求。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步信号还包括边链路主同步信号PSSS，边链路辅同步信号SSSS；
    当将所述第一终端设备对应的所述第一技术标准切换为所述第二技术标准后，所述方法还包括：
    根据工作在所述第二技术标准的第二终端设备发出的同步信号中的PSSS以及SSSS进行信号同步。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述第一技术标准为第三代合作伙伴计划长期演进车联网3GPP LTE V2X技术标准时，所述第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会长期演进车联网CCSA LTE V2X技术标准；当所述第一技术标准为所述CCSA LTE-V2X技术标准时，所述第二技术标准为所述3GPP LTE-V2X技术标准；
    当所述第一技术标准为车载环境的无线接入车联网WAVE V2X技术标准时，所述第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会车载环境的无线接入车联网CCSA WAVEV2X技术标准；当所述第一技术标准为所述CCSA WAVE V2X技术标准时，所述第二技术标准为所述WAVE V2X技术标准；
    当所述第一技术标准为新空口车联网NR V2X技术标准时，所述第二技术标准为中国通信标准化协会新空口车联网CCSA NR V2X技术标准；当所述第一技术标准为所述CCSA NR V2X技术标准时，所述第二技术标准为所述NR V2X技术标准。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置用于执行如权利要求1-15中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
  17. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；所述一个或多个存储器与所述一个或多个处理器耦合，所述一个或多个存储器存储有计算机指令；
    当所述一个或多个处理器执行所述计算机指令时，使得所述通信装置执行如权利 要求1-15中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
  18. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，所述芯片系统包括处理电路和接口；所述处理电路用于从存储介质中调用并运行所述存储介质中存储的计算机程序，以执行如权利要求1-15中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令运行时，执行如权利要求1-15中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
  20. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品中包括指令，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以根据所述指令执行如权利要求1-15中任一项所述的信号同步方法。
  21. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括如权利要求16所述的通信装置。
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