WO2022012275A1 - 拍摄镜头及拍摄镜头的调节方法 - Google Patents

拍摄镜头及拍摄镜头的调节方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022012275A1
WO2022012275A1 PCT/CN2021/101212 CN2021101212W WO2022012275A1 WO 2022012275 A1 WO2022012275 A1 WO 2022012275A1 CN 2021101212 W CN2021101212 W CN 2021101212W WO 2022012275 A1 WO2022012275 A1 WO 2022012275A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tail plate
angle
lens
image
electromagnetic coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/101212
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010671016.0A external-priority patent/CN111835952B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010669910.4A external-priority patent/CN111835951B/zh
Application filed by Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2022012275A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022012275A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of monitoring technology, and in particular, to a shooting lens and a method for adjusting the shooting lens.
  • the present disclosure provides a photographing lens and a method for adjusting the photographing lens, which can increase the depth of field and improve the image clarity without reducing the aperture of the lens.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a shooting lens, including:
  • the lens body including the rear end plate interface
  • an optical lens which is arranged on the lens body, and the optical lens is used for transmitting light
  • a tail plate rotatably mounted on the tail plate interface, is configured to be rotatable up and down relative to the lens body, the shape of the tail plate is adapted to the shape of the tail plate interface, and the outer dimension is smaller than the The size of the tailgate interface;
  • an image sensor disposed on the tail plate, and rotates relative to the lens body with the tail plate;
  • the driving component is used for driving the tail plate to rotate, so as to change the angle of the tail plate relative to the optical axis of the shooting lens, thereby changing the angle between the light-receiving surface of the image sensor and the optical axis.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for adjusting a photographing lens, where the photographing lens includes a lens body, an optical lens, a tail plate, an image sensor, a driving component, and an angle detection component, and the optical lens is provided on the a lens body, the tail plate is rotatably disposed at the rear end of the lens body, the image sensor is disposed on the tail plate, and the drive assembly includes a first magnet disposed on the tail plate and a The electromagnetic coil of the lens body, the electromagnetic coil is arranged within the magnetic field range of the first magnet; the adjustment method includes:
  • a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil, so that the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil acts on the magnetic field of the first magnet, so that the tail plate rotates to change the light receiving of the image sensor The angle between the face and the optical axis of the taking lens.
  • a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil, which can drive the tail plate to rotate, and the rotation of the tail plate can change the light-receiving surface of the image sensor and the optical axis angle, so that the extended surfaces of the light-receiving surface, the lens plane and the surface of the object to be photographed intersect in a straight line, which solves the problem of unequal image distances caused by unequal object distances in the shooting scene, without reducing the aperture.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a photographing lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the lens body shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of another angle of view of the partial structure of the photographing lens of the food processor shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram of an image sensor and a tail plate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is an isometric view of the image sensor and tailgate shown in Figure 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the tail plate shown in Fig. 1 being perpendicular to the optical axis;
  • FIG. 7 to 8 are schematic diagrams showing that the tailgate shown in FIG. 1 rotates in different directions respectively;
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a photographing lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The description of each label in the figure is as follows:
  • 1140 rib, 1140a—rear end surface, 1142—accommodating cavity, 1143—first transverse rib, 1144—second transverse rib;
  • 11400 shaft hole
  • 11400a first axle hole
  • 11400b second axle hole
  • 130 shaft body
  • 130a first shaft body
  • 130b second shaft body
  • first side edge 131—first side edge, 132—second side edge, 133—opening hole, 134—first end surface, 135—second end surface;
  • N vertical axis of symmetry
  • L rotation axis
  • O optical axis
  • O’ optical center
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial structure of a photographing lens 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a photographing lens 10, which is used in photographing devices, such as cameras, video cameras, and the like.
  • the photographic lens 10 includes, but is not limited to, a camera lens and a video camera lens.
  • the photographing lens 10 includes a lens body 11 , an optical lens 12 , a tail plate 13 , an image sensor 14 (refer to FIG. 4 ), and a drive assembly 15 (refer to FIG. 6 ).
  • the main body of the lens body 11 is configured as a cylindrical structure, and the hollow part of the cylindrical structure can be used as a light transmission channel 110 for light transmission.
  • the lens body 11 includes a lens mount 112 provided at the front end and a tail plate mount 114 provided at the rear end.
  • the optical lens 12 may include a lens disposed at the front end of the lens body 11 and a lens disposed inside the lens body 11 for transmitting light.
  • One of the optical lenses 12 may be mounted on the lens interface 112 .
  • the optical lens 12 is made of transparent material (eg, plastic, glass).
  • the optical lens 12 is disposed in the optical transmission channel 110 , and external light can be transmitted through the optical lens 12 in the optical transmission channel 110 and converged to the image sensor 14 .
  • the optical axis O of the photographing lens 10 coincides with the central axis of the optical lens 12 and the central axis of the light transmission channel 110 .
  • the tail plate 13 is rotatably connected with the tail plate interface 114 , and is rotatably disposed at the tail plate interface 114 , and can rotate up and down relative to the lens body 11 . That is to say, the tail plate 13 can be tilted up or down with respect to the lens body 11, and the tail plate 13 shown in FIG. 1 is in a tilted state.
  • the shape of the tail plate 13 is adapted to the shape of the tail plate interface 114 , and the external dimension is smaller than the size of the tail plate interface 114 , so as to realize the mating of the tail plate 13 and the tail plate interface 114 .
  • the image sensor 14 is mounted on the tail plate 13 , and the tail plate 13 rotates relative to the lens body 11 .
  • the tail plate 13 and the image sensor 14 are located behind the optical lens 12 .
  • the image sensor 14 includes a light-receiving surface, and the light-receiving surface faces the front end of the light transmission channel 110 , that is, faces the side where the optical lens 12 is located.
  • the image sensor 14 senses the optical signal through the light-receiving surface, and converts the optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • the optical axis O of the photographing lens 10 coincides with the optical center O' of the image sensor 14.
  • the drive assembly 15 is used to drive the tail plate 13 to rotate relative to the lens body 11 , so as to change the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the optical axis O of the photographing lens 10 , thereby changing the light receiving surface of the image sensor 14 and the optical axis O of the image sensor 14 . Describe the angle of the optical axis O.
  • the angle between the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 and the optical axis O can be changed, so that the extended surfaces of the light-receiving surface, the lens plane and the object surface can intersect in a straight line, and further Therefore, the depth of field is increased without reducing the aperture of the photographing lens 10, and the clarity of the image is improved.
  • the "angle of the tail plate 13 with respect to the optical axis O of the photographing lens 10" mentioned here refers to the angle of the tail plate 13 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis O.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lens body 11 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the lens body 11 includes a rear end plate 111 , and the rear end plate 111 is located at the rear end of the lens body 11 and is away from one end of the lens interface 112 .
  • the light transmission channel 110 penetrates through the rear end plate 111 to allow light to pass through the rear end plate 111 and strike the light receiving surface of the image sensor 14 .
  • the tail plate interface 114 includes a rib 1140 protruding rearward from the rear end plate 111 , and a receiving cavity 1142 formed by the rib 1140 extending and surrounding the rear end surface 1140 a of the rear end plate 111 .
  • the light transmission channel 110 penetrates through the through hole 113 , the through hole 113 is located in the receiving cavity 1142 , and the light transmission channel 110 can be disposed on the light receiving surface of the image sensor 14 through the through hole 113 .
  • At least a part of the tail plate 13 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 1142 , and the tail plate 13 is rotatably connected with the convex rib 1140 to realize the up and down rotation of the tail plate 13 relative to the lens body 11 .
  • the tail plate interface 114 has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.
  • the tail plate 13 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 1142 , which can protect the tail plate 13 and prevent the tail plate 13 from interfering with other components in the photographing lens 10 when the tail plate 13 rotates.
  • the specific shape of the rear end plate 111 is not limited, and the connection manner of the rear end plate 111 and the lens body 11 is not limited.
  • the rear end plate 111 is provided as a square plate, and the rear end plate 111 and the lens body 11 are integrally formed.
  • the tail plate interface 114 includes a rib 1140 protruding backward from the rear end surface 1140 a of the lens body 11 and a receiving cavity 1142 surrounded by the rib 1140 .
  • the tail panel interface 114 has a simple structure, and the tail panel 13 is separated from other components in the photographing lens 10 by the rib 1140 , so as to avoid rotational interference and improve the safety and reliability of the rotation of the tail panel 13 .
  • the protruding ribs 1140 may extend in the rear end surface 1140a to form a closed structure connected end to end.
  • the shape of the rib 1140 is not limited, and may be a circle, a square, an ellipse, a polygon, or the like. In practical application scenarios, according to the different shapes enclosed by the ribs 1140 , the tail plate 13 that matches the shape of the ribs 1140 may be provided.
  • the protruding ribs 1140 have a polygonal surrounding structure, are distributed on the periphery of the through holes 113 , and are arranged around the tail plate 13 .
  • the polygonal surrounding structure can increase the joint area between the protruding rib 1140 and the rear end plate 111 , thereby increasing the connection strength between the two.
  • the protruding ribs 1140 are arranged in a symmetrical polygonal surrounding structure. Specifically, the protruding ribs 1140 are vertically symmetrical about the horizontal axis of symmetry M of the image sensor 14 , and/or, the protruding ribs 1140 are symmetrical about the vertical symmetry axis N of the image sensor 14 .
  • the convex ribs 1140 are symmetrically arranged, so that the symmetrical center of the convex ribs 1140 coincides with the optical center O' of the image sensor 14, and both are located on the optical axis O, which improves the centering of the structure of each part of the shooting lens 10.
  • the optical axis O passes through the center of the through hole 113, the transverse axis of symmetry of the through hole 113 coincides with the horizontal axis of symmetry M of the image sensor 14, the rib 1140 is vertically symmetrical with the transverse axis of symmetry of the through hole 113, and/or, the through hole 113
  • the vertical axis of symmetry of the image sensor 14 coincides with the vertical axis of symmetry N of the image sensor 14
  • the rib 1140 is left-right symmetrical about the vertical axis of symmetry N of the through hole 113 .
  • the symmetry center of the convex rib 1140 is realized to coincide with the optical center O' of the image sensor 14, and the centering of the structure of each part of the photographing lens 10 is improved.
  • the protruding ribs 1140 include a first protruding rib 11401 that extends vertically and is oppositely arranged in the lateral direction, a third protruding rib 11403 and a fourth protruding rib 11404 that extend horizontally and are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction.
  • the fifth rib 11405 connecting the first rib 11401 and the third rib 11403
  • the sixth rib 11406 connecting the first rib 11401 and the fourth rib 11404
  • the second rib 11402 and the third rib The seventh protruding rib 11407 of the rib 11403 and the eighth protruding rib 11408 connecting the second protruding rib 11402 and the fourth protruding rib 11404, so that the protruding rib 1140 forms a closed polygonal structure.
  • the lateral dimension of the end portion of the convex rib 1140 is small, and the lateral dimension of the middle portion is large.
  • the tail plate 13 can be rotatably connected to the middle position of the rib 1140 in the vertical direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another perspective view of the partial structure of the photographing lens 10 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the image sensor 14 assembled to the tail plate 13 .
  • the tail plate 13 is rotatably connected with the rib 1140 .
  • one of the tail plate 13 and the protruding ribs 1140 includes a shaft body 130 , and the other includes a shaft hole 11400 .
  • the shaft body 130 and the shaft hole 11400 are in clearance fit, so that the shaft body 130 is rotatably inserted in the shaft hole 11400 .
  • the rotation of the tail plate 13 relative to the convex rib 1140 is realized, and the rotation of the tail plate 13 relative to the lens body 11 is further realized.
  • the tail plate 13 includes a shaft body 130
  • the rib 1140 includes a shaft hole 11400 .
  • the tail plate 13 may include a shaft hole 11400 , and correspondingly, the rib 1140 includes a shaft body 130 .
  • the tail plate 13 and the rib 1140 are rotatably connected at two positions, and the tail plate 13 is rotatably connected to the first rib 11401 and the second rib 11402 .
  • the tail plate 13 includes a first side edge 131 corresponding to the first rib 11401 and a second side edge 132 corresponding to the second rib 11402, wherein the first side edge 131 includes a first shaft 130a, A rib 11401 includes a first shaft hole 11400a, the second side edge 132 includes a second shaft body 130b, and the second rib 11402 includes a second shaft hole 11400b.
  • the first shaft body 130a is clearance fit with the first shaft hole 11400a, the first shaft body 130a can rotate in the first shaft hole 11400a, the second shaft body 130b is clearance fit with the second shaft hole 11400b, and the second shaft body 130b can be rotated in the first shaft hole 11400a.
  • the second shaft hole 11400b rotates inside.
  • the positions of the first shaft body 130a and the first shaft hole 11400a can be interchanged, and the positions of the second shaft body 130b and the second shaft hole 11400b can be interchanged.
  • the tail plate 13 and the protruding ribs 1140 are provided with two rotating connection parts, thereby ensuring the stability of the tail plate 13 during the rotation process.
  • first shaft body 130a and/or the second shaft body 130b can be replaced with spheres
  • first shaft holes 11400a and/or the second shaft holes 11400b can be replaced with spherical grooves, wherein the spheres can be fixedly arranged or rolled.
  • the tail plate 13 includes a first rotational connection part and a second rotational connection part that are rotatably connected to the lens body 11 , wherein the first rotational connection part may be the first shaft body 130a and the first shaft The part where the hole 11400a is rotatably connected, and the second rotational connection part may be the part where the second shaft body 130b is rotatably connected with the second shaft hole 11400b.
  • the first rotational connection part and the second rotational connection part are symmetrically distributed on the left and right ends of the tail plate 13 with the vertical symmetry axis N of the image sensor 14 as the axis.
  • the axis is collinear with the second axis of the second rotational connection part, forming the rotation axis L of the tail plate 13 relative to the tail plate interface 114.
  • the rotation axis L is parallel or coincident with the horizontal symmetry axis M of the image sensor 14, and is parallel to the optical axis. OVertical.
  • the rotation axis L coincides with the horizontal symmetry axis M
  • the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 can always rotate along its own horizontal symmetry axis M.
  • the rotation axis L and the optical axis O are coplanar and perpendicular to each other, so that the photosensitive effect and the imaging better result.
  • the rotation axis L When the rotation axis L is parallel to the horizontal symmetry axis M, the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 can rotate along the axis parallel to its own horizontal symmetry axis M. At this time, the rotation axis L and the optical axis O are located in different planes, and the two are in space perpendicular to each other.
  • FIG. 5 is an axonometric view of the image sensor 14 shown in FIG. 4 assembled to the tail plate 13 .
  • the photographing lens 10 includes a circuit board 16 , the tail plate 13 is provided with an opening 133 (refer to FIG. 3 ), and the circuit board 16 is installed on the side of the tail plate 13 facing away from the optical lens 12 , and the specific installation method is not limited , including but not limited to bolting or bonding.
  • the image sensor 14 is disposed on the side surface of the circuit board 16 facing the optical lens 12 , and is located at the opening 133 .
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that at least part of the image sensor 14 can be accommodated in the opening 133, so as to reduce the space occupied by the image sensor 14 in the thickness direction of the tail plate 13, thereby reducing the length of the shooting lens 10 in the direction of the optical axis O , improving the compactness of the photographing lens 10 .
  • the tail plate 13 can also be closer to the rear end plate 111, thereby reducing the height of the protruding ribs 1140 from the rear end surface 1140a.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a photographing lens 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing that the tail plate 13 is perpendicular to the optical axis O. As shown in FIG. FIG. 8 and FIG. 7 are schematic diagrams showing that the tail plate 13 rotates in different directions respectively.
  • the tail plate 13 is rotated relative to the lens body 11 through the drive assembly 15.
  • the drive assembly 15 includes an electromagnetic coil 150 disposed on the lens body 11 and a first magnet 151 disposed on the tail plate 13.
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 is disposed on the first magnet Within the range of the magnetic field of the first magnet 151 , the electromagnetic coil 150 can generate a magnetic field in an energized state, and act with the magnetic field of the first magnet 151 to make the tail plate 13 rotate relative to the lens body 11 .
  • the drive assembly 15 adopts a non-contact and frictionless electromagnetic drive form, which has low wear and long service life.
  • the lens control circuit 18 of the photographing lens 10 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 150, for example, it can be electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 150 through an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible circuit board) control wire, to provide the electromagnetic coil 150 with a maximum of 5V voltage, and control the magnitude and direction of the voltage.
  • FPC Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible circuit board
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 When the electromagnetic coil 150 is supplied with a voltage of 0V, the electromagnetic coil 150 is not energized, there is no magnetic field, and the angular acceleration of the tail plate 13 is zero. When the electromagnetic coil 150 is supplied with a voltage of -5V, the reverse magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 150 is the strongest, and the angular acceleration of the reverse rotation of the tail plate 13 under the driving of the reverse magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 150 is the largest.
  • the lens control circuit 18 may be integrated on the circuit board 16 or separately provided on another PCB board.
  • the forward rotation angle ⁇ of the tail plate 13 is greater than or equal to 10°, and/or the reverse rotation angle ⁇ of the tail plate 13 is greater than or equal to 10°, but not limited thereto.
  • the subdivision precision of the voltage supplied to the electromagnetic coil 150 can be increased, and the rotation precision of the tail plate 13 can be improved.
  • the forward rotation direction of the tail board 13 is set as the rotation direction when the tail board 13 is raised, and the reverse rotation direction of the tail board 13 is set as the rotation direction when the tail board 13 is lowered.
  • the setting manner of the forward and reverse rotation directions is not unique.
  • the forward rotation direction may be the rotation direction when pitching down, and the reverse rotation direction may be the rotation direction when pitching up.
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 is mounted on the inner wall of the rib 1140 , specifically on the inner surface of the third rib 11403 , and the first magnet 151 is mounted on the first end surface 134 of the tail plate 13 near the third rib 11403 . This makes the first magnet 151 close to the electromagnetic coil 150 , thereby increasing the efficiency of the magnetic field and improving the rotation sensitivity of the tail plate 13 .
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 is symmetrically arranged on the vertical axis of symmetry N of the image sensor 14 , and the first magnet 151 is arranged symmetrically on the vertical axis of symmetry N of the image sensor 14 .
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 is directly opposite to the first magnet 151 , so that the electromagnetic coil 150 is located in the center region of the magnetic field of the first magnet 151 .
  • the centerline of the electromagnetic coil 150 is coincident with the vertical centerline of the third protruding rib 11403
  • the centerline of the first magnet 151 is coincident with the vertical centerline of the first end surface 134 .
  • the photographing lens 10 further includes an angle detection component 17 , and the angle detection component 17 is used for detecting the rotation angle of the tail plate 13 .
  • the angle detection assembly 17 includes a hall sensor 170 disposed on the lens body 11 and a second magnet 172 disposed on the tail plate 13 .
  • the hall sensor 170 is disposed within the magnetic field range of the second magnet 172 .
  • an electrical signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the tail plate 13 is output according to the magnetic field strength of the second magnet 172 .
  • the measurement accuracy of the Hall sensor 170 is relatively high, which can reach 0.01 degree, so that the detection accuracy of the Hall sensor 170 is relatively high.
  • the Hall sensor 170 has a fast detection speed, can detect the rotation angle of the tail plate 13 quickly and in real time, and can quickly and timely output and feedback corresponding electrical signals.
  • the Hall sensor 170 is mounted on the inner wall of the rib 1140 , specifically on the inner surface of the fourth rib 11404 , and the second magnet 172 is mounted on the tail plate 13 and is close to the second end surface 135 of the fourth rib 11404 .
  • the arc length of the end of the tail plate 13 is the longest, and the magnetic field here is stronger, which is beneficial for the Hall sensor 170 to sense the change of the magnetic field of the second magnet 172, and the detection result is more accurate.
  • the Hall sensor 170 and the second magnet 172 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical symmetry axis N of the image sensor 14.
  • the Hall sensor 170 and the second magnet 172 face each other. , so that the Hall sensor 170 is located in the center region of the magnetic field of the first magnet 151 .
  • the vertical centerline of the Hall sensor 170 is coincident with the vertical centerline of the fourth rib 11404
  • the vertical centerline of the second magnet 172 is coincident with the vertical centerline of the second end surface 135 .
  • the tailgate interface 114 includes a first lateral protruding rib 1143 and a second lateral protruding rib 1144 that extend laterally and are vertically opposite to each other.
  • the tail plate 13 includes a first end surface 134 and a second end surface 135 distributed at the upper and lower ends of the tail plate 13 .
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 is arranged on the side surface of the first transverse rib 1143 facing the first end surface 134 , and the first magnet 151 is arranged on the first end surface 134 .
  • the Hall sensor 170 is disposed on the side surface of the second lateral rib 1144 facing the second end surface 135 , and the second magnet 172 is disposed on the second end surface 135 .
  • the first magnet 151 is directly opposite to the electromagnetic coil 150
  • the second magnet 172 is directly opposite to the Hall sensor 170 .
  • This also makes the second magnet 172 more accurate to the Hall sensor 170, which is beneficial for the Hall sensor 170 to accurately sense the strength of the magnetic field of the second magnet 172, and the output voltage signal is more accurate.
  • the third rib 11403 can be set as the first lateral rib 1143 of the tailgate interface 114, and the fourth rib 11404 can be set as the second lateral rib 1144 of the tailgate interface 114, but not limited thereto .
  • the first magnet 151 and the second magnet 172 are symmetrically disposed at the upper and lower ends of the tail plate 13 with the horizontal axis of symmetry M of the image sensor 14 as the axis.
  • the first magnet 151 and the second magnet 172 are arranged symmetrically, which can balance the weight, so that the centroid of the tail plate 13 is closer to the rotation axis L, so as to avoid affecting the acceleration when the tail plate 13 rotates.
  • the lens body 11 includes a first limiting protrusion 115 and a second limiting protrusion 116 protruding backward from the rear end plate 111 .
  • the first limiting protrusion 115 and the second limiting protrusion 115 The protrusions 116 are all located in the accommodating cavity 1142 and are distributed on both vertical sides of the through hole 113.
  • the tail plate 13 is rotated relative to the lens body 11 and is in contact with the first limiting protrusion 115 when it is tilted to limit the tail plate. 13 , the tail plate 13 rotates relative to the lens body 11 and contacts the second limiting protrusion 116 when it is lowered, so as to limit the downward angle of the tail plate 13 .
  • the first limiting protrusion 115 and the second limiting protrusion 116 can respectively limit the up and down rotation angle of the tail plate 13, thereby preventing the rotation angle of the light receiving surface of the image sensor 14 from being too large and affecting the photosensitive effect and imaging effect.
  • first limiting protrusion 115 and the second limiting protrusion 116 are both bar-shaped protrusions, wherein the first limiting protrusion 115 is close to the third rib 11403 and extends along the third rib 11403 The first limiting protrusion 115 is close to the fourth protruding rib 11404 and extends along the extending direction of the fourth protruding rib 11404 .
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for adjusting a photographing lens (hereinafter referred to as the method), the method comprising:
  • step S10 the angle electrical signal output by the angle detection component 17 to detect the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane is collected.
  • the angle of the tail plate 13 is different, and the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the second magnet 172 provided on the tail plate 13 sensed by the Hall sensor 170 of the angle detection component 17 is different. Therefore, the angle output by the Hall sensor 170 is different. Electrical signals are different.
  • the angle of the tail plate 13 can be determined by the angle electrical signal output by the Hall sensor 170 .
  • the angle electrical signal output by the Hall sensor 170 may be a voltage signal.
  • step S20 a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 according to at least the angle electrical signal, so that the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 150 acts on the magnetic field of the first magnet 151 to rotate the tail plate 13 , changing the angle between the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 and the optical axis O of the photographing lens 10 .
  • the magnitude and direction of the voltage input to the electromagnetic coil 150 can be controlled at least according to the angle electrical signal output by the Hall sensor 170, so that the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic coil 150 can be controlled, thereby controlling the rotation of the tail plate 13
  • the magnitude and direction of the angle change the angle between the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 and the optical axis O of the photographing lens 10 .
  • the angle between the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 and the optical axis O can be changed, so that the extended surfaces of the light-receiving surface, the lens plane and the surface of the object to be photographed intersect in a straight line.
  • the reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the optical axis O
  • the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane refers to the angle between the tail plate 13 and a plane perpendicular to the optical axis O.
  • the angle when the tail plate 13 is perpendicular to the optical axis O can be considered as 0 degrees.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method includes steps S110, S130 and S120.
  • step S110 the angle electrical signal output by the angle detection component 17 to detect the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane is collected.
  • Step S110 is similar to step S10 shown in FIG. 10 and will not be repeated here.
  • step S130 the image electrical signal output by the image sensor 14 is collected, an image is generated, and a contrast value of the image is obtained.
  • the image sensor 14 converts the sensed optical signal into an electrical image signal, and after collecting the electrical image signal, generates an image using the electrical image signal, and obtains a contrast value of the generated image, which can be Reflects the sharpness of the image, the higher the contrast value, the sharper the image.
  • step S120 if the contrast value of the image does not reach the contrast threshold, a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 according to the angle electrical signal, so as to rotate the tail plate 13 until the contrast value of the image reaches the threshold value. the contrast threshold.
  • the contrast threshold is the contrast value of the image when the image definition requirement is met. By comparing the contrast value of the image with the contrast threshold, it can be determined whether the contrast value of the image reaches the contrast threshold.
  • the lens control circuit 18 of the photographing lens 10 includes software and hardware. According to the angle electrical signal fed back by the Hall sensor 170 in real time, a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 to rotate the tail plate 13 until the contrast value of the image reaches the contrast threshold.
  • the lens control circuit 18 may include one or more control processing chips (eg microprocessors), power supply circuits, etc.
  • the control processing chips may collect the angle electrical signals of the Hall sensor 170, may include software, may generate images and determine contrast values.
  • the control processing chip may include an image processing chip, which collects image electrical signals, generates an image, and determines a contrast value.
  • the power supply circuit can provide voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150, and the control processing chip can control the magnitude and direction of the voltage provided by the power supply circuit.
  • the contrast value of the image can be compared with the contrast threshold value, and if there is a difference between the contrast value and the contrast threshold value, a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 according to the angle electrical signal, so that all the The tail plate 13 rotates.
  • the contrast value of the image can be directly obtained from the image captured by the photographing lens 10, and the method for judging whether the image is clear is relatively straightforward, with small errors and good adjustment effect.
  • the angle electrical signal is collected in real time, and the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane can be determined in real time according to the angle electric signal, that is, the position to which the tail plate 13 is rotated can be determined.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method includes steps S210, S230, S221 and S222.
  • step S210 the angle electrical signal output by the angle detection component 17 to detect the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane is collected.
  • Step S210 is similar to step S110 shown in FIG. 11 ,
  • step S230 the electrical image signal output by the image sensor 14 is collected, an image is generated, and a contrast value of the image is obtained.
  • Step S230 is similar to step S130 shown in FIG. 11 , and details are not repeated here.
  • step S221 if the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold is within a first difference range, provide a first voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150;
  • step S222 if the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold is within a second difference range, provide a second voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150;
  • the value of the first difference value range is greater than the value of the second difference value range, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.
  • steps S221 and S222 different voltages can be supplied to the electromagnetic coil 150 according to the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value.
  • the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic coil 150 is large, the angular acceleration when driving the tail plate 13 to rotate is large, and the rotation speed of the tail plate 13 is fast.
  • the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic coil 150 is small, the angular acceleration when driving the tail plate 13 to rotate is small, and the rotation speed of the tail plate 13 is slow.
  • this method can provide a larger first voltage when the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is large (when the image is blurred), and can drive the tail plate 13 to rotate faster, so as to The adjustment efficiency of the photographing lens 10 is improved, and when the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is small (when the image is relatively clear), a smaller second voltage can be provided to drive the tail plate 13 to rotate slowly, and the tail plate 13 can be rotated more slowly.
  • step S221 if the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold is within a first difference range, providing a first voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150 includes: executing A first iterative step until the difference exceeds the first difference range, the first iterative step comprising:
  • the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold is within the first difference range, determine the first sub-target value of the angle detection component 17, and provide the first voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150 until the value of the collected angle electrical signal reaches the first sub-target value, so as to rotate the tail plate 13 by a first set angle;
  • the image electrical signal output by the image sensor 14 is collected to generate an image, and the contrast value of the image is obtained.
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 can be provided with a first voltage with a larger voltage value, The tail plate 13 is driven to rotate quickly, and after the tail plate 13 rotates by the set first set angle, a new image is collected, the contrast value of the newly collected image is obtained, and then the contrast value of the new image is judged again. Whether the difference between the contrast thresholds is within the first difference range. The cycle is repeated in this way until the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold exceeds the first difference range.
  • the detection interval of the angle detection component 17 is very short, which is shorter than collecting the electrical signal of the image, generating the image and determining the contrast value.
  • the time is much shorter and the detection speed is fast, which can be regarded as real-time detection.
  • the image When it is rotated to the desired angle, the image can be collected in time and the clarity of the image can be analyzed. In this way, the image is collected after each rotation of the tail plate 13 by a certain angle, and the angle electrical signal of the angle detection component 17 can be used to avoid the time required to obtain the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value, which is too late to collect the next image.
  • the voltage value of the first voltage may be the same. In other embodiments, the magnitude of the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is different, and the voltage value of the first voltage may be different.
  • the first sub-target value is determined according to the first set angle and the currently collected angle electrical signal.
  • the current angle of the tailgate 13 relative to the reference plane can be determined according to the currently collected angle electrical signal, and the current angle of the tailgate 13 relative to the reference plane can be determined according to the current angle and the first set angle.
  • the angle of the reference plane is then determined, and the angle electrical signal of the angle detection component 17 corresponding to the angle to which the tail plate 13 is rotated next time is determined as the first sub-target value reached by the next angle electrical signal.
  • step S222 if the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold is within a second difference range, providing a second voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150 includes: A second iterative step is performed until the difference exceeds the second difference range, the second iterative step comprising:
  • the second sub-target value of the angle detection component 17 determines the second voltage to the electromagnetic coil 150 until the value of the collected angle electrical signal reaches the second sub-target value, so that the tail plate 13 is rotated by a second set angle;
  • the image electrical signal output by the image sensor 14 is collected to generate an image, and the contrast value of the image is obtained;
  • the second set angle is smaller than the first set angle.
  • the electromagnetic coil 150 can be provided with a second voltage with a smaller voltage value,
  • the tail plate 13 is driven to rotate relatively slowly, and after the tail plate 13 is rotated by the set second set angle, a new image is collected, and the contrast value of the newly collected image is obtained.
  • the cycle is repeated in this way until the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold exceeds the second difference value range.
  • the subdivision accuracy of the driving voltage is improved, and the slower rotation of the tail plate 13 is achieved through the second voltage with a smaller voltage value.
  • the tail board 13 rotates a large angle each time to collect the image, judge the clarity of the image, and improve the adjustment efficiency.
  • the difference between the image contrast value and the contrast threshold value is small (when the image is relatively clear) in the second iteration step, the tail board 13 rotates a small angle each time and collects images to determine the clarity of the image, which further improves the tail board 13. Adjustment accuracy and image sharpness adjustment accuracy.
  • the detection interval of the angle detection component 17 is very short and the detection speed is fast, which can be regarded as real-time detection.
  • the angle electrical signal fed back by the angle detection component 17 is collected in real time, so that when the tail plate 13 rotates to a desired angle, the image can be collected and the contrast value of the image can be analyzed.
  • Using the angle electrical signal of the angle detection component 17 can avoid the phenomenon that the rotation angle of the tail board 13 is too large due to the long time required to obtain the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value, and it is too late to collect the contrast value of the next image. .
  • the voltage value of the second voltage may be the same when the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is within and different from the second difference value range. In other embodiments, the magnitude of the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is different, and the voltage value of the second voltage may be different.
  • the second sub-target value is determined according to the second set angle and the currently collected angle electrical signal.
  • the current angle of the tailgate 13 relative to the reference plane can be determined according to the currently collected angle electrical signal, and the relative reference plane to which the tailgate 13 is rotated next time can be determined according to the current angle and the second set angle The angle of the plane is determined, and the angle electrical signal of the angle detection component 17 corresponding to the angle to which the tail plate 13 is rotated next time is determined as the second sub-target value reached by the next angle electrical signal.
  • the voltage value of the second voltage may be the same when the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is within and different from the second difference value range. In other embodiments, the magnitude of the difference between the contrast value of the image and the contrast threshold value is different, and the voltage value of the second voltage may be different.
  • the second sub-target value is determined according to the second set angle and the currently collected angle electrical signal.
  • the current angle of the tailgate 13 relative to the reference plane can be determined according to the currently collected angle electrical signal, and the current angle to which the tailgate 13 is rotated relative to the reference plane can be determined according to the current angle and the second set angle. , and then determine the electrical angle signal of the angle detection component 17 corresponding to the angle to which the tail plate 13 is rotated next time, as the second sub-target value reached by the electrical angle signal next time.
  • three or more difference ranges can be set, and different voltages can be provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 for different difference ranges, so that the rotation speed of the tail plate 13 is different, and the tail plate can be 13 After each rotation of different angles, collect images and judge the sharpness of the images.
  • the tail plate 13 can be rotated up and down.
  • the tail plate 13 rotates in a forward direction
  • a reverse voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil 150
  • the tail plate 13 rotates in a reverse direction.
  • the method includes:
  • a voltage in a second direction opposite to the first direction is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 .
  • the voltage in the first direction is opposite to the voltage in the second direction, and the directions of the supplied voltages are different, which can change the direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 150 , thereby changing the rotation direction of the tail plate 13 .
  • the contrast value increases, it means that the image becomes clearer, and the current rotation direction of the tail plate 13 is correct, continue to provide the same voltage as the current voltage direction to the electromagnetic coil 150, and drive the tail plate 13 to rotate in the same direction as the current rotation direction.
  • the contrast value decreases it means that the image becomes blurred, and the current rotation direction of the tail plate 13 is reversed, thereby providing a voltage opposite to the current voltage direction to the electromagnetic coil 150 to drive the tail plate 13 to rotate in the opposite direction to the current rotation direction.
  • voltages in different directions can be respectively provided, so as to realize the adjustment of the rotation direction of the tail plate 13 .
  • the voltage directions corresponding to the increase and decrease of the contrast value can be set according to practical applications, which are not limited in the present disclosure.
  • an adjustment control command may be received, and a voltage may be provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 in response to the adjustment control command to rotate the tail plate 13 .
  • the adjustment control instructions may include instructions indicating the magnitude of the supplied voltage and instructions indicating the direction of the supplied voltage.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a photographing lens according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the adjustment method includes steps S310, S311, S312, and S313.
  • step S310 the angle electrical signal output by the angle detection component 17 to detect the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane is collected.
  • Step S310 is similar to step S110 shown in FIG. 11 , and details are not repeated here.
  • step S310 a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 at least according to the angle electrical signal, so that the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 150 interacts with the magnetic field of the first magnet 151, so as to make the tail plate 13 Rotate to change the angle between the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 14 and the optical axis O of the shooting lens 10, including:
  • step S311 the actual parameters of the shooting lens 10 are obtained, and the actual parameters include the actual height of the shooting lens 10 from the ground, the actual object distance, and the actual lens focal length.
  • the actual parameters in the above steps refer to the parameters of the shooting lens 10 in the actual shooting scene, that is, the shooting lens 10 needs to be installed and set in the shooting scene according to the actual parameters to meet the shooting requirements.
  • the target angle of the angle detection component 17 is determined by using the mapping relationship between the preset parameters of the shooting lens 10 and the preset angle electrical signal of the angle detection component 17
  • An electrical signal, the preset parameters include the height of the shooting lens 10 from the ground, the object distance and the lens focal length.
  • the preset angle electrical signal is the target angle electrical signal corresponding to the set of preset parameters, and is the angle electrical signal output by the angle detection component 17 when the image clarity is finally satisfied; the angle is the target angle corresponding to the set of preset parameters, which is The angle between the tail plate 13 and the reference plane when the image clarity is finally satisfied.
  • Multiple sets of preset parameters can be designed, and according to each set of preset parameters, the angle of the tail plate 13 relative to the reference plane is determined, and then the corresponding angle electrical signal is determined, and the angle and the angle electrical signal are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the mapping relationship between multiple sets of preset parameters and multiple preset angle electrical signals can be preset and stored, for example, it can be stored in the form of a table. During adjustment, according to the actual parameters, the corresponding preset angle electrical signal can be searched from the mapping relationship as the target angle electrical signal, and thus the target angle electrical signal of the angle detection component 17 is determined.
  • step S313 a voltage is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 150 to rotate the tail plate 13 until the collected angle electrical signal reaches the target angle electrical signal.
  • the angle electrical signal is collected in real time, and when the angle electrical signal reaches the target angle electrical signal, the tail plate 13 is stopped from rotating and stably maintained at the final angle. At this time, the image meets the definition requirement.
  • the method includes:
  • a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150, so that the contrast value of the image reaches the contrast threshold value, or the angle electrical signal output by the angle detection component 17 reaches the target angle electrical signal, so that the tail plate 13 After the rotation reaches the target angle, a voltage is provided to the electromagnetic coil 150 to maintain the collected angle electrical signal within the target range.
  • the target range includes the target angle electrical signal, and is smaller than the angle electrical signal corresponding to the maximum rotation angle of the tail plate 13 .
  • the target range includes the allowable small variation range of the target angle electrical signal and the electrical signal close to the target angle, which reflects the angle to which the tailgate 13 is finally rotated and the allowable range of slight shaking close to the angle, so as to ensure the stability of the tailgate 13, thereby ensuring The image sensor 14 is stabilized, thereby ensuring that the image remains sharp.
  • a rotating voltage is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 150 to make the tail plate 13 rotate.
  • a maintenance voltage is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 150 to keep the tail plate 13 stable.
  • the maintenance voltage is lower than the rotation voltage, and the maintenance voltage makes the force between the electromagnetic coil 150 and the second magnet 172 equal or substantially the same as the force of the tail plate 13 rotating to the plane perpendicular to the optical axis O, so that the tail plate 13 can be stabilized at the final angle.
  • the rotational voltage may include the first and second voltages described above.
  • the tail plate 13 can be kept in a stable state after the rotation reaches the target angle, thereby improving the stability of the tail plate 13 and improving the clarity of the image.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种拍摄镜头及拍摄镜头的调节方法。其中，拍摄镜头包括镜头本体、光学透镜、尾板、图像传感器和驱动组件。镜头本体包括设于后端的尾板接口。光学透镜设于镜头本体。尾板可转动地安装于尾板接口，相对于镜头本体上下转动，所述尾板的形状与尾板接口的形状相适配，外形尺寸小于所述尾板接口的尺寸。图像传感器设于所述尾板，随尾板相对于镜头本体转动。驱动组件驱动尾板转动，以改变尾板相对于拍摄镜头的光轴的角度，进而改变图像传感器的受光面与光轴之间的角度。

Description

拍摄镜头及拍摄镜头的调节方法
本申请要求于2020年07月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010671016.0发明名称为“拍摄镜头”的中国专利申请，以及2020年07月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010669910.4发明名称为“拍摄镜头的调节方法及拍摄镜头”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及监控技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种拍摄镜头及拍摄镜头的调节方法。
背景技术
在光照不足的夜晚环境下，大光圈镜头能捕获更多的光线，使得拍摄到的图像亮度更高。但是，在保持其他条件不变的情况下，镜头光圈越大，景深越小，景深小会导致画面中的部分目标模糊。
发明内容
本公开提供一种拍摄镜头及拍摄镜头的调节方法，可以在不减小镜头光圈的情况下增大景深，提高图像清晰度。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种拍摄镜头，包括：
镜头本体，包括设于后端的尾板接口；
光学透镜，设于所述镜头本体，所述光学透镜用于透射光线；
尾板，可转动地安装于所述尾板接口，被配置为可相对于所述镜头本体上下转动，所述尾板的形状与所述尾板接口的形状相适配，外形尺寸小于所述尾板接口的尺寸；
图像传感器，设于所述尾板，随所述尾板相对于所述镜头本体转动；及
驱动组件，用于驱动所述尾板转动，以改变所述尾板相对于所述拍摄镜头的光轴的角度，进而改变所述图像传感器的受光面与所述光轴之间的角度。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供一种拍摄镜头的调节方法，所述拍摄镜头包括镜头本体、光学透镜、尾板、图像传感器、驱动组件和角度检测组件，所述光学透镜设于所述镜头本体，所述尾板可转动地设置于所述镜头本体的 后端，所述图像传感器设于所述尾板，所述驱动组件包括设于所述尾板的第一磁铁和设于所述镜头本体的电磁线圈，所述电磁线圈设置在所述第一磁铁的磁场范围内；所述调节方法包括：
采集所述角度检测组件检测所述尾板相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号；及
至少根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈，使所述电磁线圈产生的磁场与所述第一磁铁的磁场作用，以使所述尾板转动，来改变所述图像传感器的受光面与所述拍摄镜头的光轴之间的角度。
本公开提供的上述拍摄镜头的调节方法中，根据角度检测组件输出的角度电信号，提供电压给电磁线圈，可驱动尾板转动，通过尾板转动，可改变图像传感器的受光面与光轴的角度，使得受光面、镜头平面以及被拍摄物面这三个面的延长面相交于一直线，解决拍摄场景中由于物距不相等而导致的像距不相等的问题，可在不减小光圈的前提下增加景深，提高图像的清晰度。
附图说明
图1是本公开一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的部分结构的示意图；
图2是图1中示出的镜头本体的示意图；
图3是图1中示出的料理机的拍摄镜头的部分结构的又一视角的示意图；
图4是本公开一示例性实施例示出的图像传感器和尾板的组装图；
图5是图4中示出的图像传感器和尾板的轴测视图；
图6是图1中示出的尾板与光轴垂直的示意图；
图7至图8是图1中示出的尾板分别向不同方向转动的示意图；
图9是本公开一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的分解视图；
图10是本公开一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图；
图11是本公开又一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图；
图12是本公开再一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图；
图13是本公开再一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图。图中各标号的说明如下：
10—拍摄镜头；
11—镜头本体，
110—光传输通道、111—后端板、112—透镜接口、113—通孔；
114—尾板接口；
1140—凸筋，1140a—后端面、1142—收容腔、1143—第一横向凸筋、1144—第二横向凸筋；
11400—轴孔，11400a—第一轴孔、11400b—第二轴孔；
11401—第一凸筋、11402—第二凸筋、11403—第三凸筋、11404—第四凸筋、11405—第五凸筋、11406—第六凸筋、11407—第七凸筋、11408—第八凸筋；
115—第一限位凸起；
116—第二限位凸起；
12—光学透镜；
13—尾板；
130—轴体，130a—第一轴体、130b—第二轴体；
131—第一侧缘、132—第二侧缘、133—开孔、134—第一端面、135—第二端面；
14—图像传感器；
15—驱动组件，150—电磁线圈、151—第一磁铁；
16—电路板；
17—角度检测组件，170—霍尔传感器、172—第二磁铁；
18—镜头控制电路；
M—水平对称轴；
N—竖直对称轴；
L—转动轴线、O—光轴、O’—光学中心。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。除非另作定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个，若仅指代“一个”时会再单独说明。“多个”或者“若干”表示两个及两个以上。除非另行指出，“前部”、“后部”、“下部”和/或“上部”、“顶部”、“底部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明，而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而且可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。
请参考图1，图1所示为本公开一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头10的部分结构的示意图。
本公开提供了一种拍摄镜头10，拍摄镜头10用于拍照设备中，例如照相机、摄像机等。拍摄镜头10包括但不限于照相机镜头和摄像机镜头。
拍摄镜头10包括镜头本体11、光学透镜12、尾板13、图像传感器14(参考图4)和驱动组件15(参考图6)。在一个实施例中，镜头本体11的主体部分设置为圆筒形结构，圆筒形结构的中空处可作为光传输通道110，供光线传输。镜头本体11包括设于前端的透镜接口112和设于后端的尾板接口114。
光学透镜12可以包括设于镜头本体11前端的透镜和设于镜头本体11内部的透镜，用于透射光线。其中一个光学透镜12可以安装于透镜接口112。光学透镜12由透明材质(例如塑胶、玻璃)制成。光学透镜12设于光传输通道110内，外部光线可以经由光学透镜12在光传输通道110内传输，汇聚至图像传感器14。拍摄镜头10的光轴O与光学透镜12的中心轴，以及光传输通道110的中心轴重合。
尾板13与尾板接口114转动连接，可转动地设置于尾板接口114处，可相对于所述镜头本体11上下转动。也就是说，尾板13可以相对于镜头本体 11上仰或下俯，图1中示出的尾板13处于上仰状态。尾板13的形状与尾板接口114的形状相适配，外形尺寸小于所述尾板接口114的尺寸，以实现尾板13与尾板接口114的配接。
请结合图4，图像传感器14安装于所述尾板13，随尾板13相对于所述镜头本体11转动。尾板13和图像传感器14位于光学透镜12后方。图像传感器14包括受光面，受光面面向光传输通道110的前端，也就是面向光学透镜12所在的一侧。图像传感器14通过受光面感应光信号，将光信号转换为电信号。拍摄镜头10的光轴O与图像传感器14的光学中心O’重合。
请结合图6，驱动组件15用于驱动尾板13相对于镜头本体11转动，以改变所述尾板13相对于拍摄镜头10的光轴O的角度，进而改变图像传感器14的受光面与所述光轴O的角度。本公开中，通过尾板13的转动，改变图像传感器14的受光面与光轴O的角度，可以使得受光面、镜头平面以及被拍摄物面这三个面的延长面相交于一直线，进而使得在不减小拍摄镜头10的光圈的前提下增加景深，提高图像的清晰度。
这里所说的“尾板13相对于拍摄镜头10的光轴O的角度”指的是，尾板13相对于与光轴O垂直的平面的角度。
请参考图2，图2所示为图1中示出的镜头本体11的示意图。
在一个实施例中，镜头本体11包括后端板111，后端板111位于镜头本体11的后端，远离透镜接口112的一端。光传输通道110贯穿后端板111，以允许光线穿过后端板111，射于图像传感器14的受光面。尾板接口114包括从后端板111向后凸出的凸筋1140，和凸筋1140在后端板111的后端面1140a内延伸围设成的收容腔1142，后端板111上形成有被光传输通道110贯穿的通孔113，通孔113位于收容腔1142内，光传输通道110可通过通孔113设于图像传感器14的受光面。尾板13的至少部分收容于收容腔1142内，且尾板13与凸筋1140转动连接，实现尾板13相对于镜头本体11的上下转动。该实施例中，尾板接口114结构简单，便于加工和制造。并且，尾板13收容于收容腔1142内，可以起到保护尾板13的作用，避免尾板13转动时与拍摄镜头10中的其它部件发生干涉。后端板111的具体形状不限，后端板111与镜头本体11的连接方式不限。在图2所示的实施例中，后端板111设置为方 形板，且后端板111与镜头本体11一体成型。
在一个实施例中，尾板接口114包括从镜头本体11的后端面1140a向后凸出的凸筋1140和由所述凸筋1140围成的收容腔1142，镜头本体11的所述后端面1140a形成有被光传输通道110贯穿的通孔113，凸筋1140设置在通孔113的外围，尾板13的至少部分收容于收容腔1142内，且尾板13与凸筋1140转动连接。该实施例中，尾板接口114结构简单，且尾板13通过凸筋1140与拍摄镜头10中的其它部件隔开，避免转动干涉，提高尾板13转动的安全性和可靠性。
凸筋1140可以在后端面1140a内延伸，形成首尾相接的封闭结构。凸筋1140的形状不限，可以是圆形、方形、椭圆形、多边形等。在实际应用场景中，根据凸筋1140所围成的形状的不同，可以设置与凸筋1140的形状相适配的尾板13。
在图2所示的实施例中，凸筋1140呈多边形环绕结构，分布于通孔113的外围，且环绕尾板13设置。多边形环绕结构可以增加凸筋1140与后端板111的接合面积，从而可以增大两者之间的连接强度。
在一个实施例中，请结合图2和图4，凸筋1140设置为对称的多边形环绕结构。具体的，凸筋1140以图像传感器14的水平对称轴M上下对称，和/或，凸筋1140以图像传感器14的竖直对称轴N左右对称。凸筋1140对称设置，使得凸筋1140的对称中心与图像传感器14的光学中心O’重合，均位于光轴O上，提高了拍摄镜头10各部分结构的对中性。
光轴O穿过通孔113的中心，通孔113的横向对称轴与图像传感器14的水平对称轴M重合，凸筋1140以通孔113的横向对称轴上下对称，和/或，通孔113的竖向对称轴与图像传感器14的竖直对称轴N重合，凸筋1140以通孔113的竖直对称轴N左右对称。由此，实现了凸筋1140的对称中心与图像传感器14的光学中心O’重合，提高了拍摄镜头10各部分结构的对中性。
在图2所示出的实施例中，凸筋1140包括竖向延伸且在横向相对设置的第一凸筋11401、横向延伸且在竖向相对设置的第三凸筋11403和第四凸筋11404、连接第一凸筋11401与第三凸筋11403的第五凸筋11405、连接第一凸筋11401与第四凸筋11404的第六凸筋11406，以及连接第二凸筋11402与 第三凸筋11403的第七凸筋11407、连接第二凸筋11402与第四凸筋11404的第八凸筋11408，从而，凸筋1140形成封闭的多边形结构。在竖向上，凸筋1140端部的横向尺寸小、中部的横向尺寸大。在一个实施例中，尾板13可以转动连接于凸筋1140在竖向上的中间位置处。
请参考图3和图4，图3所示为图1中示出的拍摄镜头10的部分结构的又一视角的示意图。图4所示为图像传感器14组装于尾板13的示意图。
尾板13与凸筋1140转动连接。具体的，尾板13与凸筋1140中的一者包括轴体130，另一者包括轴孔11400，轴体130与轴孔11400间隙配合，使得轴体130可转动地插置于轴孔11400内，由此实现尾板13相对于凸筋1140的转动，进而实现尾板13相对于镜头本体11的转动。在图3所示的实施例中，尾板13包括轴体130，凸筋1140包括轴孔11400。在其他一些实施例中，尾板13可以包括轴孔11400，相应的，凸筋1140包括轴体130。
在一个实施例中，尾板13与凸筋1140在两部位处转动连接，尾板13转动连接于第一凸筋11401和第二凸筋11402。具体的，尾板13包括与第一凸筋11401对应的第一侧缘131和与第二凸筋11402对应的第二侧缘132，其中，第一侧缘131包括第一轴体130a，第一凸筋11401包括第一轴孔11400a，第二侧缘132包括第二轴体130b，第二凸筋11402包括第二轴孔11400b。第一轴体130a与第一轴孔11400a间隙配合，第一轴体130a可在第一轴孔11400a内转动，第二轴体130b与第二轴孔11400b间隙配合，第二轴体130b可在第二轴孔11400b内转动。当然，在其他一些实施例中，第一轴体130a与第一轴孔11400a的位置可以互换，第二轴体130b与第二轴孔11400b的位置可以互换。该实施例中，尾板13与凸筋1140设有两个转动连接部位，由此确保尾板13转动过程中的平稳性。
需要说明的是，尾板13与凸筋1140转动连接的方式不仅限于此。例如，第一轴体130a和/或第二轴体130b可以替换为球体，第一轴孔11400a和/或第二轴孔11400b可以替换为球面凹槽，其中，球体可以固定设置或滚动设置。
请继续参考图3和图4，尾板13包括与镜头本体11转动连接的第一转动连接部位和第二转动连接部位，其中，第一转动连接部位可以是第一轴体130a与第一轴孔11400a转动连接的部位，第二转动连接部位可以是第二轴体130b 与第二轴孔11400b转动连接的部位。在一个实施例中，第一转动连接部位与第二转动连接部位以图像传感器14的竖直对称轴N为轴，对称地分布在尾板13的左右两端，第一转动连接部位的第一轴线与第二转动连接部位的第二轴线共线，形成尾板13相对于尾板接口114转动的转动轴线L，转动轴线L与图像传感器14的水平对称轴M平行或重合，且与光轴O垂直。当转动轴线L与水平对称轴M重合，图像传感器14的受光面可以始终沿自身的水平对称轴M转动，此时，转动轴线L与光轴O共面，且相互垂直，使得感光效果和成像效果更好。当转动轴线L与水平对称轴M平行，图像传感器14的受光面可以沿平行于自身的水平对称轴M的轴线转动，此时，转动轴线L与光轴O位于不同平面内，两者在空间上相互垂直。
请结合图4和图5，图5所示为图4中示出的图像传感器14组装于尾板13的轴测视图。
在一个实施例中，拍摄镜头10包括电路板16，尾板13设有开孔133(参考图3)，电路板16安装于尾板13背向光学透镜12的一侧，具体安装方式不限，包括但不限于螺栓连接或粘接。图像传感器14设置于电路板16面向光学透镜12的一侧表面，位于开孔133处。这样设置的好处在于，图像传感器14的至少部分可以容纳在开孔133内，以减小图像传感器14在尾板13厚度方向占用的空间，从而减小拍摄镜头10在光轴O方向上的长度，提高拍摄镜头10的紧凑性。另外，尾板13还可以更靠近后端板111，由此可以降低凸筋1140从后端面1140a凸出的高度。
请参考图6至图9，图6所示为本公开一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头10的分解视图。图7所示为尾板13与光轴O垂直的示意图。图8和图7所示为尾板13分别向不同方向转动的示意图。
尾板13通过驱动组件15相对于镜头本体11转动，具体的，驱动组件15包括设于镜头本体11的电磁线圈150和设于尾板13的第一磁铁151，电磁线圈150设置在第一磁铁151的磁场范围内，电磁线圈150可在通电状态下产生磁场，与第一磁铁151的磁场作用，使得尾板13相对于镜头本体11转动。驱动组件15采用无接触、无摩擦的电磁驱动形式，磨损小，寿命高。在一个实施例中，拍摄镜头10的镜头控制电路18与电磁线圈150电连接，例如可 以通过FPC(Flexible Printed Circuit，柔性电路板)控制线与电磁线圈150电连接，向电磁线圈150提供最高为5V的电压，并控制电压的大小和方向。当向电磁线圈150提供+5V电压时，电磁线圈150产生的正向磁场最强，这时尾板13在电磁线圈150正向磁场的驱动下，正向旋转的角加速度最大。当向电磁线圈150提供0V电压时，电磁线圈150不通电，无磁场，尾板13的角加速度为零。当向电磁线圈150提供-5V电压时，电磁线圈150产生的反向磁场最强，尾板13在电磁线圈150反向磁场的驱动下，反向旋转的角加速度最大。镜头控制电路18可以集成于电路板16，或单独设置在另一PCB板上。
在一个实施例中，尾板13的正向旋转角度α≥10°，和/或，尾板13的反向旋转角度β≥10°，但不仅限于此。此外，可以增加向电磁线圈150提供的电压的细分精度，可以提高尾板13的转动精度。如图8至图9所示，尾板13正向转动方向设定为尾板13上仰时的转动方向，尾板13的反向转动方向设定为尾板13下俯时的转动方向。当然，正反转动方向的设定方式不唯一，在其它一些实施例中，正向转动方向可以是下俯时的转动方向，反向转动方向可以是上仰时的转动方向。
在一个实施例中，电磁线圈150安装于凸筋1140的内壁，具体安装于第三凸筋11403的内侧表面，第一磁铁151安装于尾板13靠近第三凸筋11403的第一端面134。这使得第一磁铁151靠近电磁线圈150，由此增加磁场作用效率，提高尾板13转动的灵敏度。
在一个实施例中，电磁线圈150以图像传感器14的竖直对称轴N对称设置，第一磁铁151以图像传感器14的竖直对称轴N对称设置。当尾板13与光轴O垂直时，电磁线圈150与第一磁铁151正对，从而使得电磁线圈150位于第一磁铁151的磁场的中心区域。
本实施例中，电磁线圈150的中心线与第三凸筋11403的竖向中心线重合，第一磁铁151的中心线与第一端面134的竖向中心线重合。
请继续参考图6至图9，拍摄镜头10还包括角度检测组件17，角度检测组件17用于检测尾板13的转动角度。具体的，角度检测组件17包括设于镜头本体11的霍尔传感器170和设于尾板13的第二磁铁172，霍尔传感器170设置在第二磁铁172的磁场范围内，霍尔传感器170用于感应第二磁铁172 的磁场强度，根据第二磁铁172的磁场强度输出与尾板13的转动角度对应的电信号。霍尔传感器170测量精度较高，可达到0.01度，使得霍尔传感器170的检测准确度较高。此外，霍尔传感器170检测速度快，可以快速实时地检测尾板13的旋转角度，并可快速、及时地输出和反馈对应的电信号。
在一个实施例中，霍尔传感器170安装于凸筋1140内壁，具体安装于第四凸筋11404的内表面，第二磁铁172安装于尾板13且靠近第四凸筋11404的第二端面135。尾板13转动时，尾板13端部转过的弧长最长，此处磁场较强，这样有利于霍尔传感器170感应第二磁铁172的磁场变化，检测结果更加准确。
在一个实施例中，霍尔传感器170以及第二磁铁172以图像传感器14的竖直对称轴N对称设置，当尾板13与光轴O垂直时，霍尔传感器170与第二磁铁172正对，从而霍尔传感器170位于第一磁铁151的磁场的中心区域。
本实施例中，霍尔传感器170的竖向中心线与第四凸筋11404的竖向中心线重合，第二磁铁172的竖向中心线与第二端面135的竖向中心线重合。
请继续参考图6，尾板接口114包括横向延伸且在竖向相对设置的第一横向凸筋1143和第二横向凸筋1144。尾板13包括分布在尾板13上下两端的第一端面134和第二端面135，电磁线圈150设于第一横向凸筋1143面向第一端面134的一侧表面，第一磁铁151设于第一端面134，霍尔传感器170设于第二横向凸筋1144面向第二端面135的一侧表面，第二磁铁172设于第二端面135。当图像传感器14的受光面与光轴O垂直时，第一磁铁151与电磁线圈150正对，第二磁铁172与霍尔传感器170正对。这使得第一磁铁151更加靠近电磁线圈150，由此提高感应和驱动效率，提高尾板13转动的灵敏度。这也使得第二磁铁172更加霍尔传感器170，有利于霍尔传感器170准确感应第二磁铁172磁场的强弱，输出的电压信号更准确。
在一个实施例中，第三凸筋11403可以设置为尾板接口114的第一横向凸筋1143，第四凸筋11404可以设置为尾板接口114的第二横向凸筋1144，但不仅限于此。
在一个实施例中，第一磁铁151与第二磁铁172以图像传感器14的水平对称轴M为轴，对称地设置在尾板13的上下两端。第一磁铁151与第二磁铁 172对称设置，可以平衡重量，使得尾板13的形心更加靠近转动轴线L，避免影响尾板13转动时的加速度。
请结合图2和图3，镜头本体11包括从后端板111向后凸出的第一限位凸起115和第二限位凸起116，第一限位凸起115和第二限位凸起116均位于收容腔1142内，且分布在通孔113的竖向的两侧，尾板13相对于镜头本体11转动且上仰时与第一限位凸起115接触，以限制尾板13的上仰角度，尾板13相对于镜头本体11转动且下俯时与第二限位凸起116接触，以限制尾板13的下俯角度。第一限位凸起115和第二限位凸起116可以分别限制尾板13的上下转动角度，由此避免图像传感器14受光面的转动角度过大而影响感光效果和成像效果。
第一限位凸起115和第二限位凸起116的具体结构不限。本实施例中，第一限位凸起115和第二限位凸起116均条形凸起，其中，第一限位凸起115靠近第三凸筋11403，沿第三凸筋11403的延伸方向延伸，第一限位凸起115靠近第四凸筋11404，沿第四凸筋11404的延伸方向延伸。
请参考图10，图10所示为本公开一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图。
本公开还提供了一种拍摄镜头的调节方法(以下简称方法)，该方法包括：
在步骤S10中，采集角度检测组件17检测尾板13相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号。
本步骤中，尾板13的角度不同，角度检测组件17的霍尔传感器170感测到的设于尾板13的第二磁铁172所产生的磁场强度不同，因而，霍尔传感器170输出的角度电信号不同。通过霍尔传感器170输出的角度电信号，可以确定尾板13的角度。霍尔传感器170输出的角度电信号可以是电压信号。
在步骤S20中，至少根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，使所述电磁线圈150产生的磁场与所述第一磁铁151的磁场作用，以使所述尾板13转动，改变所述图像传感器14的受光面与所述拍摄镜头10的光轴O之间的角度。
本步骤中，可以至少根据霍尔传感器170输出的角度电信号，控制向电磁线圈150输入的电压的大小和方向，从而可以控制电磁线圈150的磁场强 度的大小和方向，进而控制尾板13转动角度的大小和方向，改变图像传感器14的受光面与所述拍摄镜头10的光轴O之间的角度。
该方法中，通过驱动尾板13转动，可以改变图像传感器14的受光面与光轴O的角度，使得受光面、镜头平面以及被拍摄物面这三个面的延长面相交于一直线，解决拍摄场景中由于物距不相等而导致的像距不相等的问题，可以在不减小光圈的前提下增加景深，提高图像的清晰度。
在一些实施例中，基准平面为垂直于光轴O的平面，尾板13相对于基准平面的角度指的是，尾板13与垂直于光轴O的平面之间的角度。在一些实施例中，可以将尾板13垂直于光轴O时的角度认为是0度。
请参考图11，图11所示为本公开又一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图。所述方法包括步骤S110、S130和S120。
在步骤S110中，采集角度检测组件17检测尾板13相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号。
步骤S110类似于图10所示的步骤S10，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S130中，采集所述图像传感器14输出的图像电信号，生成图像，获得所述图像的对比度值。
本步骤中，图像传感器14将感应到的光信号转换为图像电信号，采集所述图像电信号后，利用所述图像电信号生成图像，获得生成的所述图像的对比度值，该对比度值可以反映图像的清晰度，对比度值越高，图像越清晰。
在步骤S120中，若所述图像的对比度值未达到对比度阈值，根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，以使所述尾板13转动，直至所述图像的对比度值达到所述对比度阈值。
上述步骤中，对比度阈值是满足图像清晰度要求时图像的对比度值，通过将图像的对比度值与对比度阈值比较，可以确定图像的对比度值是否达到对比度阈值。拍摄镜头10的镜头控制电路18包括软件和硬件，根据霍尔传感器170实时反馈的角度电信号，提供电压给电磁线圈150，使尾板13转动，直至图像的对比度值达到对比度阈值。当图像的对比度值达到对比度阈值，提供给电磁线圈150的电压保持不变或基本不变，可以提供较小的电压，克服尾板13向垂直于光轴O的方向转动的力，使尾板13保持在稳定的转动角 度，此时拍摄到的图像清晰度高。镜头控制电路18可以包括一个或多个控制处理芯片(例如微处理器)、供电电路等，控制处理芯片可以采集霍尔传感器170的角度电信号，可以包括软件，可以生成图像并确定对比度值。在一些实施例中，控制处理芯片可以包括图像处理芯片，对采集图像电信号，生成图像，确定对比度值。供电电路可以提供电压给电磁线圈150，控制处理芯片可以控制供电电路提供的电压的大小和方向。
在上述步骤S110、S130和S120中，可以对图像的对比度值与对比度阈值进行比较，若对比度值与对比度阈值存在差值，则根据角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，以使所述尾板13转动。图像的对比度值可以直接从拍摄镜头10拍摄到的图像中获取，判断图像是否清晰的方法比较直接，误差小，调节效果好。在提供电压给电磁线圈150使尾板13转动的过程中，实时采集角度电信号，根据角度电信号可以实时确定尾板13相对于基准平面的角度，即确定尾板13转动到的位置。
请参考图12，图12所示为本公开又一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括步骤S210、S230、S221和S222。
在步骤S210中，采集角度检测组件17检测尾板13相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号。
步骤S210类似于图11所示的步骤S110，
在步骤S230中，采集所述图像传感器14输出的图像电信号，生成图像，获得所述图像的对比度值。
步骤S230类似于图11所示的步骤S130，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S221中，若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第一差值范围内，提供第一电压给所述电磁线圈150；
在步骤S222中，若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第二差值范围内，提供第二电压给所述电磁线圈150；
其中，所述第一差值范围的值大于所述第二差值范围的值，所述第一电压大于所述第二电压。
在步骤S221和步骤S222中，根据图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值 的大小，可以提供不同的电压给电磁线圈150。在较大电压值的第一电压下，电磁线圈150的磁场强度大，驱动尾板13转动时的角加速度大，则尾板13的转动速度快。在较小电压值的第二电压下，电磁线圈150的磁场强度小，驱动尾板13转动时的角加速度小，则尾板13的转动速度慢。由此可知，这一方法可以在图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值较大时(图像较模糊时)，可以提供较大的第一电压，可以驱动尾板13可以较快地转动，以提高拍摄镜头10的调节效率，以及在图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值较小时(图像相对清晰一些时)，可以提供较小的第二电压，驱动尾板13较慢地转动，提高尾板13的调节精度。
在一个实施例中，在步骤S221中，所述若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第一差值范围内，提供第一电压给所述电磁线圈150，包括：执行第一迭代步骤直至所述差值超出所述第一差值范围，所述第一迭代步骤包括：
若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在所述第一差值范围内，确定所述角度检测组件17的第一子目标值，且提供所述第一电压给所述电磁线圈150，直至采集到的所述角度电信号的值达到第一子目标值，以使所述尾板13转动第一设定角度；以及
在所述尾板13转动所述第一设定角度后，采集所述图像传感器14输出的图像电信号，生成图像，获得所述图像的对比度值。
上述步骤中，若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在所述第一差值范围内，通过第一迭代步骤，可以给电磁线圈150提供较大电压值的第一电压，驱动尾板13实现较快转动，并在尾板13转动设定的第一设定角度后，采集新的图像，获取新采集的图像的对比度值，，进而再次判断新的图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值是否在第一差值范围内。如此迭代循环，直至图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值超出所述第一差值范围。这一方法中，通过第一迭代步骤实现了尾板13每转动一定角度后判断图像的清晰度，角度检测组件17的检测间隔时间非常短，比采集图像电信号、生成图像并确定对比对值的时间短很多，检测速度快，可以看作是实时检测。在提供电压给电磁线圈150使尾板13转动的过程中，实时采集角度检测组件17反馈的 角度电信号，可以根据角度电信号及时确定尾板13是否转动至期望的角度，如此使在尾板13转动到期望的角度时，可以及时采集图像，分析图像的清晰度。如此实现尾板13每转动一定的角度后再采集图像，利用角度检测组件17的角度电信号可以避免由于得到图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值的用时较长，来不及采集下一个的图像的对比度值而导致的尾板13转动过头的现象发生，尤其是在图像的对比度值接近对比度阈值、尾板13的角度接近目标角度时，利用角度检测组件17可以更好地控制尾板13的转动，防止转动过头，从而提高调节的精度。
在一些实施例中，图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值在第一差值范围内且不同时，第一电压的电压值可以相同。在另一些实施例中，图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值的大小不同，第一电压的电压值可以不同。
在一些实施例中，第一子目标值根据第一设定角度和当前采集的角度电信号确定。在一些实施例中，可以根据当前采集的角度电信号确定尾板13相对于基准平面的当前的角度，根据该当前的角度和第一设定角度可以确定下次尾板13转动到的相对于基准平面的角度，进而确定下次尾板13转动到的角度对应的角度检测组件17的角度电信号，作为下次角度电信号达到的第一子目标值。
在另一个实施例中，在步骤S222中，所述若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第二差值范围内，提供第二电压给所述电磁线圈150，包括：执行第二迭代步骤直至所述差值超出所述第二差值范围，所述第二迭代步骤包括：
若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在所述第二差值范围内，确定所述角度检测组件17的第二子目标值，且提供所述第二电压给所述电磁线圈150，直至采集到的所述角度电信号的值达到第二子目标值，以使所述尾板13转动第二设定角度；
在所述尾板13转动所述第二设定角度后，采集所述图像传感器14输出的图像电信号，生成图像，获得所述图像的对比度值；
其中，所述第二设定角度小于所述第一设定角度。
上述步骤中，若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在所述第 二差值范围内，通过第二迭代步骤，可以给电磁线圈150提供较小电压值的第二电压，驱动尾板13实现较慢地转动，并在尾板13转动设定的第二设定角度后，采集新的图像，获取新采集的图像的对比度值。如此迭代循环，直至图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值超出所述第二差值范围。这一方法中，通过第二迭代步骤，提高了驱动电压的细分精度，通过较小电压值的第二电压实现了尾板13的较慢的转动。并且，在图像对比度值与对比度阈值的差值较大时(图像比较模糊时)，第一迭代步骤中尾板13每次转动较大的角度后采集图像，判断图像的清晰度，提高调节的效率；在图像对比度值与对比度阈值的差值较小时(图像比较清晰时)第二迭代步骤中尾板13每次转动较小的角度后采集图像，判断图像的清晰度，进一步提高了尾板13的调节精度和图像清晰度的调节精度。而且类似于第一迭代步骤，在第二迭代步骤中，角度检测组件17的检测间隔时间非常短，检测速度快，可以看作是实时检测。在提供电压给电磁线圈150使尾板13转动的过程中，实时采集角度检测组件17反馈的角度电信号，使在尾板13转动到期望的角度时，可以采集图像，分析图像的对比度值。利用角度检测组件17的角度电信号可以避免由于得到图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值的用时较长，来不及采集下一个的图像的对比度值而导致的尾板13转动角度过大的现象发生。
在一些实施例中，图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值在第二差值范围内且不同时，第二电压的电压值可以相同。在另一些实施例中，图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值的大小不同，第二电压的电压值可以不同。
在一些实施例中，第二子目标值根据第二设定角度和当前采集的角度电信号确定。在一些实施例中，可以根据当前采集的角度电信号确定尾板13相对于基准平面的当前的角度，根据当前的角度和第二设定角度可以确定下次尾板13转动到的相对于基准平面的角度，进而确定下次尾板13转动到的角度对应的角度检测组件17的角度电信号，作为下次角度电信号达到的第二子目标值。
在一些实施例中，图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值在第二差值范围内且不同时，第二电压的电压值可以相同。在另一些实施例中，图像的对比度值与对比度阈值的差值的大小不同，第二电压的电压值可以不同。
在一些实施例中，第二子目标值根据第二设定角度和当前采集的角度电信号确定。在一些实施例中，可根据当前采集的角度电信号确定尾板13相对于基准平面的当前的角度，根据当前角度和第二设定角度可以确定下次尾板13转动到的相对于基准平面的角度，进而确定下次尾板13转动到的角度对应的角度检测组件17的角度电信号，作为下次角度电信号达到的第二子目标值。
在其他一些实施例中，可以设定三个或更多个差值范围，对于不同的差值范围可以提供不同的电压给电磁线圈150，使尾板13的转动速度不同，且可以使尾板13每次转动不同的角度后采集图像并判断图像的清晰度。
前述中已知，尾板13可以上下转动。在一些实施例中，当提供正向电压给电磁线圈150时，尾板13正向转动，当提供反向电压给电磁线圈150时，尾板13反向转动。在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：
若所述图像的对比度值升高，提供第一方向的电压给所述电磁线圈150；
若所述图像的对比度值降低，提供与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的电压给所述电磁线圈150。
本步骤中，第一方向的电压与第二方向的电压方向相反，提供的电压的方向不同，可以改变电磁线圈150的磁场方向，进而改变尾板13的转动方向。对比度值升高，说明图像变清晰，尾板13的当前转动方向正确，继续提供与当前电压方向相同的电压给电磁线圈150，驱动尾板13向与当前转动方向相同的方向转动。对比度值降低，说明图像变模糊，尾板13的当前转动方向反了，从而提供与当前电压方向相反的电压给电磁线圈150，驱动尾板13向与当前转动方向相反的方向转动。因此，根据对比度值的升高和降低，可以分别提供不同方向的电压，实现尾板13转动方向的调节。对比度值升高与降低所对应的电压方向可以根据实际应用设定，本公开对此不做限定。
在其他一些实施例中，可以接收调节控制指令，响应调节控制指令提供电压给电磁线圈150，使尾板13转动。调节控制指令可以包括指示提供的电压大小的指令和指示提供的电压方向的指令。通过获取图像的对比度值调节尾板13的转动角度时，可由人工从拍照设备输出的图像上判断图像的清晰度，并在拍照设备的远程控制软件界面手动输入调节控制指令，以调节尾板13的转动角度。
请参考图13，图13所示为本公开又一示例性实施例示出的拍摄镜头的调节方法的流程图。所述调节方法包括步骤S310、S311、S312、S313。
在步骤S310中，采集角度检测组件17检测尾板13相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号。
步骤S310类似于图11所示的步骤S110，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S310中，所述至少根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，使所述电磁线圈150产生的磁场与所述第一磁铁151的磁场作用，以使所述尾板13转动，改变所述图像传感器14的受光面与所述拍摄镜头10的光轴O之间的角度，包括：
在步骤S311中，获得所述拍摄镜头10的实际参数，所述实际参数包括所述拍摄镜头10距离地面的实际高度、实际物距和实际镜头焦距。
上述步骤中的实际参数指的是，拍摄镜头10在实际拍摄场景中的参数，也就是说，拍摄镜头10需要按照实际参数安装和设置在拍摄场景中，以满足拍摄需求。
在步骤S312中，根据所述实际参数，利用所述拍摄镜头10的预设参数与所述角度检测组件17的预设角度电信号之间的映射关系，确定所述角度检测组件17的目标角度电信号，所述预设参数包括所述拍摄镜头10距离地面的高度、物距和镜头焦距。
图像满足清晰度要求时，预设参数与角度检测组件17的预设角度电信号之间存在映射关系，一组预设参数对应一个预设角度电信号，体现一组预设参数对应尾板13相对于基准平面的一个角度。该预设角度电信号为该组预设参数对应的目标角度电信号，为最终满足图像清晰度时角度检测组件17输出的角度电信号；该角度为该组预设参数对应的目标角度，为最终满足图像清晰度时尾板13与基准平面之间的角度。可以设计多组预设参数，根据每一组预设参数，确定尾板13相对于基准平面的角度，进而确定对应的角度电信号，角度和角度电信号一一对应，如此预先校准好。可以将多组预设参数和多个预设角度电信号之间的映射关系预先设定好并存储，例如可以以表格的方式存储。在调节时，根据实际参数可以从映射关系中查找对应的预设角度电信号，作为目标角度电信号，如此确定角度检测组件17的目标角度电信号。
在步骤S313中，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，使所述尾板13转动，直至采集到的所述角度电信号达到所述目标角度电信号。
在调节中，实时采集角度电信号，当角度电信号达到目标角度电信号时，使尾板13停止转动，稳定保持在最终的角度，此时图像满足清晰度要求。
在上述步骤S310～步骤S313中，可以无需确定图像的对比度值，根据拍摄镜头10在实际拍摄场景中的实际参数，即可灵活调节尾板13的转动角度，调节方法更加简单、快捷，调节效率高。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：
在至少根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，使图像的对比度值达到对比度阈值，或使角度检测组件17输出的角度电信号达到目标角度电信号，使所述尾板13转动达到目标角度后，提供电压给所述电磁线圈150，使采集到的所述角度电信号维持在目标范围内。
其中，所述目标范围包括所述目标角度电信号，且小于所述尾板13的最大转动角度对应的角度电信号。目标范围包括目标角度电信号和接近目标角度电信号的允许的微小变化范围，体现尾板13最终转动到的角度和接近该角度的允许的微小晃动的范围，以保证尾板13稳定，从而保证图像传感器14稳定，进而保证图像维持清晰。
提供转动电压给所述电磁线圈150，使所述尾板13转动，在尾板13转动达到目标角度后，提供维持电压给电磁线圈150，使尾板13保持稳定。其中，维持电压小于转动电压，维持电压使得电磁线圈150和第二磁铁172之间的作用力与尾板13向垂直于光轴O的平面转动的力相同或基本相同，使尾板13可以稳定在最终的角度。转动电压可包括上文所述的第一电压和第二电压。
上述步骤中，通过维持角度电信号的值，可以使得尾板13转动达到目标角度后保持在稳定状态，提高尾板13的稳定性，有利于提高图像的清晰度。
以上所述仅为本公开的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开保护的范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种拍摄镜头，其中，包括：
    镜头本体(11)，包括设于后端的尾板接口(114)；
    光学透镜(12)，设于所述镜头本体(11)，所述光学透镜(12)用于透射光线；
    尾板(13)，可转动地安装于所述尾板接口(114)，被配置为可相对于所述镜头本体(11)上下转动，所述尾板(13)的形状与所述尾板接口(114)的形状相适配，外形尺寸小于所述尾板接口(114)的尺寸；
    图像传感器(14)，设于所述尾板(13)，随所述尾板(13)相对于所述镜头本体(11)转动；及
    驱动组件(15)，用于驱动所述尾板(13)转动，以改变所述尾板(13)相对于所述拍摄镜头的光轴(O)的角度，进而改变所述图像传感器(14)的受光面与所述光轴(O)之间的角度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述尾板接口(114)包括从所述镜头本体(11)的后端板(111)向后凸出的凸筋(1140)，和所述凸筋(1140)在所述后端板(111)的端面内延伸围成的收容腔(1142)，所述尾板(13)的至少部分收容于所述收容腔(1142)内，且所述尾板(13)与所述凸筋(1140)转动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述尾板(13)与所述凸筋(1140)中的一者包括轴体(130)，另一者包括轴孔(11400)，所述轴体(130)可转动地插置于所述轴孔(11400)内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述凸筋(1140)包括竖向延伸第一凸筋(11401)和第二凸筋(11402)，所述第一凸筋(11401)和所述第二凸筋(11402)在横向相对设置，所述尾板(13)包括与所述第一凸筋(11401)对应的第一侧缘(131)和与所述第二凸筋(11402)对应的第二侧缘(132)，所述第一侧缘(131)与所述第一凸筋(11401)中的一者包括第一轴体(130a)，另一者包括第一轴孔(11400a)，所述第二侧缘(132)与所述第二凸筋(11402)中的一者包括第二轴体(130b)，另一者包括第二轴孔(11400b)，所述第一轴体(130a)可转动设置于所述第一轴孔(11400a)，所 述第二轴体(130b)可转动设置于所述第二轴孔(11400b)。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述凸筋(1140)呈多边形环绕结构；和/或
    所述凸筋(1140)以所述图像传感器(14)的水平对称轴(M)上下对称；和/或
    所述凸筋(1140)以所述图像传感器(14)的竖直对称轴(N)左右对称。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述尾板(13)相对于所述尾板接口(114)转动的转动轴线(L)与所述图像传感器(14)的水平对称轴(M)平行或重合，且与所述光轴(O)垂直。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述尾板(13)设有开孔(133)，所述开孔(133)处设置有所述图像传感器(14)；
    所述尾板(13)背向所述光学透镜(12)的一侧设置电路板(16)，所述图像传感器(14)设置于所述电路板(16)面向所述光学透镜(12)的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的拍摄镜头，其中，
    所述尾板(13)相对于所述镜头本体(11)转动且上仰时与第一限位凸起(115)接触，以限制所述尾板(13)的上仰角度，所述尾板(13)相对于所述镜头本体(11)转动且下俯时与第二限位凸起(116)接触，以限制所述尾板(13)的下俯角度，
    其中，所述第一限位凸起(115)和所述第二限为凸起(116)从所述后端板(111)向后凸出且均位于所述收容腔(1142)内。
  9. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述尾板接口(114)包括横向延伸的第一横向凸筋(1143)和第二横向凸筋(1144)，所述第一横向凸筋(1143)和所述第二横向凸筋(1144)在竖向相对，所述尾板(13)包括分布在所述尾板(13)上下两端的第一端面(134)和第二端面(135)；
    所述驱动组件(15)包括电磁线圈(150)和第一磁铁(151)，所述电磁线圈(150)设于所述第一横向凸筋(1143)面向所述第一端面(134)的一侧表面，所述第一磁铁(151)设于第一端面(134)，所述电磁线圈(150)设置在所述第一磁铁(151)的磁场范围内，所述电磁线圈(150)在通电状态下产生磁场，与所述第一磁铁(151)的磁场作用，使得所述尾板(13)相 对于所述镜头本体(11)转动；
    所述拍摄镜头还包括用于检测所述尾板(13)转动角度的角度检测组件(17)，所述角度检测组件(17)包括霍尔传感器(170)和第二磁铁(172)，所述霍尔传感器(170)设于所述第二横向凸筋(1144)面向所述第二端面(135)的一侧表面，所述第二磁铁(172)设于所述第二端面(135)，所述霍尔传感器(170)设置在所述第二磁铁(172)的磁场范围内，所述霍尔传感器(170)用于感应所述第二磁铁(172)的磁场强度，输出与所述尾板(13)的转动角度对应的电信号；
    当所述图像传感器(14)的受光面与所述光轴(O)垂直时，所述第一磁铁(151)与所述电磁线圈(150)正对，所述第二磁铁(172)与所述霍尔传感器(170)正对；和/或
    所述第一磁铁(151)与所述第二磁铁(172)以所述图像传感器(14)的水平对称轴(M)为轴，对称地设置在所述尾板(13)的上下两端。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的拍摄镜头，其中，所述尾板接口(114)设于所述镜头本体(11)包括的光传输通道(110)后端，所述光传输通道(110)中设置有所述光学透镜(12)，所述光传输通道(110)的前端面向所述图像传感器(14)的受光面。
  11. 一种拍摄镜头的调节方法，其中，所述拍摄镜头(10)包括镜头本体(11)、光学透镜(12)、尾板(13)、图像传感器(14)、驱动组件(15)和角度检测组件(17)，所述光学透镜(12)设于所述镜头本体(11)，所述尾板(13)可转动地设置于所述镜头本体(11)的后端，所述图像传感器(14)设于所述尾板(13)，所述驱动组件(15)包括设于所述尾板(13)的第一磁铁(151)和设于所述镜头本体(11)的电磁线圈(150)，所述电磁线圈(150)设置在所述第一磁铁(151)的磁场范围内；所述调节方法包括：
    采集所述角度检测组件(17)检测所述尾板(13)相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号；及
    至少根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈(150)，使所述电磁线圈(150)产生的磁场与所述第一磁铁(151)的磁场作用，以使所述尾板(13)转动，来改变所述图像传感器(14)的受光面与所述拍摄镜头(10) 的光轴(O)之间的角度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的调节方法，其中，在检测到所述图像传感器(14)采集的图像的对比度值未达到对比度阈值，根据所述角度电信号，提供电压给所述电磁线圈(150)，以使所述尾板(13)转动，直至所述图像的对比度值达到所述对比度阈值。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的调节方法，其中，在检测到所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第一差值范围内，提供第一电压给所述电磁线圈(150)；
    在检测到所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第二差值范围内，提供第二电压给所述电磁线圈(150)；
    其中，所述第一差值范围的值大于所述第二差值范围的值，所述第一电压大于所述第二电压。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的调节方法，其中，在检测到所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第一差值范围内，执行第一迭代步骤直至所述差值超出所述第一差值范围，所述第一迭代步骤包括：
    若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在所述第一差值范围内，确定所述角度检测组件(17)的第一子目标值，且提供所述第一电压给所述电磁线圈(150)，直至采集到的所述角度电信号达到所述第一子目标值，以使所述尾板(13)转动第一设定角度；
    在所述尾板(13)转动所述第一设定角度后，采集所述图像传感器(14)输出的图像电信号，生成图像，获得所述图像的对比度值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的调节方法，其中，在检测到所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在第二差值范围内，执行第二迭代步骤直至所述差值超出所述第二差值范围，所述第二迭代步骤包括：
    若所述图像的对比度值与所述对比度阈值的差值在所述第二差值范围内，确定所述角度检测组件(17)的第二子目标值，且提供所述第二电压给所述电磁线圈(150)，直至采集到的所述角度电信号达到第二子目标值，以使所述尾板(13)转动第二设定角度；
    在所述尾板(13)转动所述第二设定角度后，采集所述图像传感器(14) 输出的图像电信号，生成图像，获得所述图像的对比度值；
    其中，所述第二设定角度小于所述第一设定角度。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的调节方法，其中，在检测到所述图像的对比度值升高，提供第一方向的电压给所述电磁线圈(150)；
    在检测到所述图像的对比度值降低，提供与所述第一方向相反的第二方向的电压给所述电磁线圈(150)。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的调节方法，其中，获得所述拍摄镜头(10)的实际参数，所述实际参数包括所述拍摄镜头(10)距离地面的实际高度、实际物距和实际镜头焦距；
    根据所述实际参数，利用所述拍摄镜头(10)的预设参数与所述角度检测组件(17)的预设角度电信号之间的映射关系，确定所述角度检测组件(17)的目标角度电信号，所述预设参数包括所述拍摄镜头(10)距离地面的高度、物距和镜头焦距；
    提供电压给所述电磁线圈(150)，使所述尾板(13)转动，直至采集到的所述角度电信号达到所述目标角度电信号。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的调节方法，其中，所述尾板(13)相对于所述镜头本体(11)转动的转动轴线(L)与所述图像传感器(14)的水平对称轴(M)平行或重合，且与所述光轴(O)垂直。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的调节方法，其中，所述尾板设置有第二磁铁，当所述图像传感器(14)的受光面与所述光轴(O)垂直时，所述第一磁铁(151)与所述电磁线圈(150)正对，所述第二磁铁(172)与所述镜头本体(11)的霍尔传感器(170)正对，采集所述霍尔传感器(170)检测所述尾板(13)相对于基准平面的角度而输出的角度电信号；
    其中，所述第一磁铁(151)与所述第二磁铁(172)以所述图像传感器(14)的水平对称轴(M)为轴，对称地设置在所述尾板(13)的上下两端。
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