WO2022011998A1 - 生产示范线的网络系统及控制方法 - Google Patents

生产示范线的网络系统及控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022011998A1
WO2022011998A1 PCT/CN2021/070292 CN2021070292W WO2022011998A1 WO 2022011998 A1 WO2022011998 A1 WO 2022011998A1 CN 2021070292 W CN2021070292 W CN 2021070292W WO 2022011998 A1 WO2022011998 A1 WO 2022011998A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
data frame
control layer
station
data
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PCT/CN2021/070292
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张维杰
张天
黄玉宝
刘海洋
孙明
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青岛海尔工业智能研究院有限公司
海尔数字科技(青岛)有限公司
海尔数字科技（上海）有限公司
海尔卡奥斯物联生态科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022011998A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022011998A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/4185—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication
    • G05B19/4186—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication by protocol, e.g. MAP, TOP
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/33—Director till display
    • G05B2219/33139—Design of industrial communication system with expert system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of computer network technologies, for example, to a network system and a control method for a production demonstration line.
  • the production demonstration line is a discrete manufacturing mode. For example, a finished refrigerator model needs to be completed by several different stations according to the processing sequence. Among them, each station needs to cooperate closely, and all the stations and the management equipment of the demonstration line need to adopt advanced network topology technology to meet the real-time and reliability requirements of industrial communication.
  • each station of the production demonstration line can use wireless communication to communicate with the management switch, as shown in Figure 1a
  • each The industrial wireless client deployed in the workstation can communicate with the industrial wireless access point in the management switch; or each workstation can communicate with the management switch by means of wired communication, as shown in Figure 1b, each workstation switch It forms a ring network with a management switch.
  • the management layer switch needs to communicate with multiple ring networks at the same time, it needs to introduce a three-layer switch at the intersection of the ring network, as shown in Figure 1c.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a network system and a control method for a production demonstration line, which can improve the reliability of the network system and save the development cost of the network system.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a network system for producing a demonstration line, the system includes: at least two control layer switches, a networking switch, a management layer switch, and a station switch;
  • the control layer switch is connected with the station switch; the control layer switch and the networking switch form a first ring network, and the control layer switch is configured to pass the data frame sent by the station switch through the the first ring network is forwarded to the networking switch; the networking switch and the management layer switch form a second ring network, and the networking switch is configured to pass the data frame through the second ring network forwarding to the management layer switch; the management layer switch is configured to forward the data frame to a management device;
  • the at least two control layer switches, the networking switches, the management layer switches and the station switches all transmit data frames based on the double-layer protocol, and set their own identities based on the double-layer protocol;
  • the data frame carries the identities of the source switch and the target switch, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch; wherein the source switch is the switch that sends the data frame, the The target switch is the switch that receives the data frame.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a method for controlling a network system for a production demonstration line, which is applied to the network system for a production demonstration line as described in any embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
  • the station switch sends the received data frame to the control layer switch
  • the control layer switch forwards the data frame to the networking switch through the first ring network; the networking switch respectively forwards the data frame to the management layer switch through the second ring network ;
  • the management layer switch forwards the data frames to the management device respectively, so that the management device completes the configuration and management of the production demonstration line according to the data frames.
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram showing that each work station of a production demonstration line in the related art communicates with a management layer switch by means of wireless communication;
  • Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram showing that each work station of a production demonstration line in the related art communicates with a management layer switch by means of wired communication;
  • 1c is a schematic diagram of a management layer switch in the related art communicating with multiple ring networks simultaneously;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network system of a production demonstration line in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network system of a production demonstration line in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3 of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a network system for a production demonstration line in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network system of a production demonstration line in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the network system of the production demonstration line includes: at least two control layer switches 201 (two in FIG. 2 Take the control layer switch as an example), the networking switch 202, the management layer switch 203 and the station switch 204.
  • control layer switch 201 is connected to the station switch 204; each control layer switch 201 and each networking switch 202 form a first ring network for passing the data frame sent by the station switch 204 through the first ring network Forwarded to the networking switch 202; each networking switch 202 and each management layer switch 203 form a second ring network, which is used to forward the data frame to the management layer switch 203 through the second ring network, and the management layer switch 203 is used to transfer the data frame. The frame is forwarded to the management device.
  • each station switch 204 is deployed in a corresponding station, such as a material loading station, a final assembly station, and a custom station, etc., for collecting operation data frames of the corresponding station.
  • the station switch 204 is configured to receive data frames sent by a programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC), a human-machine interface (Human Machine Interface, HMI), and field-level devices.
  • PLC Process Control Controller
  • HMI Human Machine Interface
  • the field-level equipment includes: servo motors, instruments, industrial cameras, radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) modules, data input modules, and data output modules.
  • each station switch 204 can be connected to one of the two control layer switches 201 through a wired communication mechanism, and can be connected to another control layer switch.
  • the switches are connected through a wireless communication mechanism, and are used to send the received data frames to the two control layer switches through wired communication and wireless communication respectively.
  • the wireless communication mechanism includes a short-distance wireless communication mechanism (eg, a Bluetooth module or an infrared module, etc.) and a long-distance wireless communication mechanism (eg, WIFI or mobile data, etc.).
  • each control layer switch 201 and each networking switch 202 form a first ring network
  • each networking switch 202 and each management layer switch 203 form a second ring network
  • each station switch in the production demonstration line forms a ring network together with a management switch (as shown in Figure 1b). If the management switch in the ring network fails, the entire ring network will not work normally.
  • the first ring network and the second ring network it is possible to avoid the problem that the ring network cannot work after a switch (such as the control layer switch 201, the networking switch 202 or the management layer switch 203) fails, and further Improve the reliability of the network system.
  • a switch such as the control layer switch 201, the networking switch 202 or the management layer switch 203
  • the management switch 203 is used for forwarding the data frame to the management device, so that the management device can complete the configuration and management of the production demonstration line according to the data frame.
  • Management equipment can include manufacturing execution system (Manufacturing Execution System Association, MES), digital twin system, data acquisition and monitoring and control system (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, SCADA) and network management system.
  • At least two control layer switches 201, networking switches 202, management layer switches 203, and station switches 204 transmit data frames based on a two-layer protocol, and set their own identities based on the two-layer protocol; data The identities of the source switch and the target switch are carried in the frame, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch; the source switch is the switch that sends the data frame, and the target switch is the switch that receives the data frame.
  • the two-layer protocol works in the data link layer in the Open System Interconnection Reference Model (OSI model), that is, the control layer switch 201, the networking switch 202, and the management layer switch 203
  • OSI model Open System Interconnection Reference Model
  • the station switches 204 belong to the two-layer switches, and each switch has set a corresponding identity mark based on the double-layer protocol.
  • each switch can be (The control layer switch 201, the networking switch 202, the management layer switch 203, and the station switch 204) implement the function of communication routing at the data link layer, that is, free communication between the layer 2 switches.
  • the identity of each switch is set through the double-layer protocol, and the data frames transmitted between the switches carry the identity of the source switch and the target switch, and the function of communication routing can be realized by using the two-layer switch at the intersection of the ring network.
  • the real-time data transmission is more real-time than the three-layer switches transmit data at the data link layer.
  • the two-layer protocol is a Time Aware Network (TAN) protocol;
  • the data frame transmitted based on the TAN protocol also includes a standard Ethernet data frame and an additional data frame; the identity of the source switch and the target switch carried in an additional data frame.
  • TAN Time Aware Network
  • the standard Ethernet data frame is a data frame encapsulated based on the Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) standard
  • the TAN protocol re-encapsulates the frame structure of the standard Ethernet data frame, and adds additional data before the standard Ethernet data frame.
  • Frame, the additional data frame includes multiple functional fields, such as the identity of the source switch, the identity of the target switch, the channel protocol, and the time protocol.
  • control layer switch is used to forward the data frame sent by the station switch to the networking switch through the first ring network
  • networking switch is used to forward the data frame to the management layer switch through the second ring network
  • management layer switch forwards the data frame
  • the frame is forwarded to the management device.
  • the control layer switch, networking switch, management layer switch, and station switch all transmit data frames based on the double-layer protocol, and set their own identity based on the double-layer protocol.
  • the data frame carries the source switch and the identity of the target switch, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can improve the reliability of the network system, and can realize the function of communication routing by using a layer 2 switch at the intersection of the ring network, which can save the development cost of the network system and improve the real-time performance of data transmission.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network system of a production demonstration line in Embodiment 2 of the present application, and this embodiment is refined based on the foregoing embodiment.
  • the control layer switch includes a first control layer switch 205 and a second control layer switch 206.
  • the station switch 204 is connected to the first control layer switch 205 by wire, and is connected to the second control layer switch 206 by wireless, for sending the received data frame to the first control layer switch 206 through wired communication
  • the control layer switch 205 and send the data frame to the second control layer switch 206 by means of wireless communication.
  • the station switch 204 is configured to mirror the received data frame to obtain two identical data frames, and forward one of the two identical data frames by means of wired communication. To the first control layer switch 205, another data frame is forwarded to the second control layer switch 206 by means of wireless communication.
  • the station switch and the control layer switch respectively by wired connection and wireless connection, the problem of the single communication mode of each station in the production demonstration line in the related art can be solved, and the flexibility of the network system is improved;
  • the station switches 204 and the second control layer switches 206 are wirelessly connected, which can reduce the network system. The cost of laying the line.
  • the station switch 204 corresponds to the matched wireless client 207
  • the second control layer switch 206 corresponds to the matched wireless access point 208 ; the wireless client 207 and the wireless access point 208 pass through RF link to connect.
  • the wireless access point 208 (Access Point, AP) is an access point for a mobile computer user to access a wired network
  • the wireless client 207 may be a mobile device such as a mobile phone, or a wireless device such as a notebook computer.
  • the station switch further includes a mobile station switch 209; the mobile station switch 209 and each control layer switch (205 and 206 in FIG. 3 ) are connected wirelessly for The received mobile data frame is forwarded to each control layer switch by means of wireless communication.
  • the mobile station switch 209 is deployed in the mobile station, and is used for receiving data frames sent by the mobile navigation vehicle and the programmable logic controller.
  • the mobile station switch 209 corresponds to two wireless clients, namely the first wireless client 210 and the second wireless client 211
  • the first control layer switch 205 corresponds to the matched wireless client
  • the access point 212 and the second control layer switch 206 correspond to the matched wireless access point 208 .
  • the first wireless client 210 and the wireless access point 212 are connected through a radio frequency link
  • the second wireless client 211 and the wireless access point 208 are connected through a radio frequency link.
  • the control layer switch is used to forward the data frame sent by the station switch to the networking switch through the first ring network
  • the networking switch is used to forward the data frame to the management layer switch through the second ring network
  • the management layer switch forwards the data frame
  • the frame is forwarded to the management device.
  • the control layer switch, networking switch, management layer switch and station switch all transmit data frames based on the double-layer protocol, and set their own identity based on the double-layer protocol.
  • the data frame carries the source switch and the identity of the target switch, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch.
  • each work station of the production demonstration line cannot realize wired communication and wireless communication with the management layer switch at the same time.
  • the switch of the second control layer can solve the problem of single communication mode of each station of the production demonstration line in the related art, improve the flexibility and reliability of the network system, save the development cost of the network system, and improve the real-time performance of data transmission.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network system of a production demonstration line in Embodiment 3 of the present application, and this embodiment is refined based on the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the control layer switch 205 and the control layer switch 206 are also used to compare the data frames received by the local end with the data frames received by other control layer switches.
  • the first received data frame in the same multiple data frames is used as the target data frame, and
  • the control layer switch corresponding to the target data frame is used as the target control layer switch; the target control layer switch is used to forward the target data frame to the networking switch 202 through the first ring network.
  • the control layer switch 205 and the control layer switch 206 are further configured to, if it is determined that there are the same multiple data frames in all the data frames received by the control layer switch 205 and the control layer switch 206, put the same multiple data frames in the same multiple data frames.
  • Other data frames except the target data frame are regarded as invalid data frames; and the control layer switch corresponding to the invalid data frame is regarded as the invalid control layer switch; the invalid control layer switch is used for discarding the invalid data frame.
  • control layer switch 205 and the control layer switch 206 receive two data frames sent by the same station switch (the station switch 204 or the mobile station switch 209) within a preset time period, the received two data frames The data frames are compared, and if the two data frames are the same, the receiving time of the two data frames is obtained respectively, and the first received data frame is used as the target data frame. In one embodiment, if the control layer switch 205 receives the target data frame, the control layer switch 205 is used as the target control layer switch, and the control layer switch 206 is used as the invalid control layer switch.
  • control layer switch 205 and the control layer switch 206 only receive one data frame sent by the same station switch (the station switch 204 or the mobile station switch 209 ) within a preset time period, it means that another data frame has a transmission delay Or lost during transmission, the control layer switch that received the data frame is used as the target control layer switch.
  • each data frame carries a corresponding data identifier; wherein, each data identifier is set according to the TAN protocol, so that the control layer switch 205 and the control layer switch 206 can Indicates that the data frame is forwarded or discarded.
  • each control layer switch when each control layer switch receives the same data frame sent by the same station switch, it forwards the first received data frame and discards the remaining data frames, which can save the storage space occupied by invalid data frames in the switch. Improve the utilization of storage space in the switch.
  • control layer switch is used to forward the received target data frame to the networking switch through the first ring network, the invalid data frame is discarded, and the networking switch is used to forward the data frame to the management layer through the second ring network Switches and management layer switches forward data frames to management devices.
  • control layer switches, networking switches, management layer switches, and station switches all transmit data frames based on double-layer protocols, and set their own identities based on double-layer protocols.
  • the identities of the source switch and the target switch are carried in the data frame, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can improve the reliability of the network system, save the development cost of the network system, save the storage space occupied by invalid data frames in the switch, and improve the real-time performance of data transmission.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a network system for a production demonstration line in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the method provided in this embodiment can be applied to the network system for a production demonstration line as described in any embodiment of the present application, The method may include the following steps:
  • Step 410 The station switch sends the received data frame to the control layer switch.
  • the station switch can send the received data frame to one control layer switch through wired communication, and send the received data frame to another through wireless communication control plane switch.
  • Step 420 The control layer switch forwards the data frame to the networking switch through the first ring network, wherein the first ring network is composed of each control layer switch and each networking switch.
  • Step 430 The networking switches respectively forward the data frames to the management layer switches through the second ring network; the second ring network is composed of each networking switch and each management layer switch.
  • Step 440 The management layer switch forwards the data frame to the management device respectively, so that the management device completes the configuration and management of the production demonstration line according to the data frame.
  • the control layer switch, networking switch, management layer switch and station switch all transmit data frames based on the double-layer protocol, and set their own identity based on the double-layer protocol; the data frame carries the source switch and the identity of the target switch, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch; wherein the source switch is the switch that sends the data frame, and the target switch is the switch that receives the data frame.
  • the station switch is used to send the received data frame to the control layer switch
  • the control layer switch is used to forward the data frame to the networking switch through the first ring network
  • the networking switch is used to transmit the data frame through the second ring network Forward to the management layer switch
  • the management layer switch forwards the data frame to the management device.
  • the control layer switch, networking switch, management layer switch, and station switch all transmit data frames based on the two-layer protocol, and are set based on the two-layer protocol.
  • the data frame carries the identity of the source switch and the target switch, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can avoid the problem of low reliability of the network system caused when the station and the management switch only perform wireless communication.
  • the reliability of the ring network can be improved.
  • the function of communication routing can be realized by using a Layer 2 switch at the intersection of the ring network, which can save the development cost of the network system and improve the real-time performance of data transmission.
  • control layer switch is used to forward the data frame sent by the station switch to the networking switch through the first ring network
  • networking switch is used to forward the data frame to the management layer switch through the second ring network
  • management layer switch forwards the data frame
  • the frame is forwarded to the management device.
  • the control layer switch, networking switch, management layer switch, and station switch all transmit data frames based on the double-layer protocol, and set their own identity based on the double-layer protocol.
  • the data frame carries the source switch and the identity of the target switch, so that the data frame can be forwarded from the source switch to the target switch.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can improve the reliability of the network system; secondly, the function of communication routing can be realized by using a layer 2 switch at the intersection of the ring network, which can save the development cost of the network system and improve the real-time performance of data transmission.

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Abstract

一种生产示范线的网络系统及控制方法，系统包括：控制层交换机（201）、组网交换机（202）、管理层交换机（203）以及工站交换机（204）；控制层交换机（201）与组网交换机（202）构成第一环网，控制层交换机（201）被配置为将工站交换机（204）发送的数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机（202）；组网交换机（202）与管理层交换机（203）构成第二环网，组网交换机（202）被配置为将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机（203），管理层交换机（203）被配置为将数据帧转发至管理设备。

Description

生产示范线的网络系统及控制方法
本公开要求在2020年07月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010687666.4的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及计算机网络技术领域，例如涉及一种生产示范线的网络系统及控制方法。
背景技术
生产示范线属于离散型制造模式，例如一台成品的冰箱模型需要由几个不同的工站按加工顺序分别完成。其中，各工站之间需要密切配合，并且所有的工站之间以及示范线管理层设备需要采用先进的网络拓扑技术才能满足工业通信实时性和可靠性的要求。
相关技术中，生产示范线的各工站(如上料工站、总装工站、定制工站以及移动工站等)可以采用无线通信方式与管理层交换机进行通信，如图1a所示，每个工站中部署的工业无线客户端可以与管理层交换机中的工业无线接入点进行通信；或者各工站可以采用有线通信方式与管理层交换机进行通信，如图1b所示，各工站交换机与一台管理层交换机构成了一个环网。当管理层交换机需要同时与多个环网进行通信时，则需要在环网交叉处引入三层交换机，如图1c所示。
但是，如果管理层交换机需要同时与多个环网进行通信，则需要引入三层交换机，造成了网络系统较高的开发成本。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种生产示范线的网络系统及控制方法，可以提高网络系统的可靠性，节省网络系统的开发成本。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种生产示范线的网络系统，所述系统包括：至少两台控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机；
所述控制层交换机与所述工站交换机连接；所述控制层交换机与所述组网交换机构成第一环网，所述控制层交换机被配置为将所述工站交换机发送的数据帧通过所述第一环网转发至所述组网交换机；所述组网交换机与所述管理层交换机构成第二环网，所述组网交换机被配置为将所述数据帧通过所述第二环网转发至所述管理层交换机；所述管理层交换机被配置为将所述数据帧转发至管理设备；
所述至少两台控制层交换机、所述组网交换机、所述管理层交换机以及所述工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于所述双层协议设定自身的身份标识；所述数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使所述数据帧实现所述源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发；其中，所述源交换机为发送所述数据帧的交换机，所述目标交换机为接收所述数据帧的交换机。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种生产示范线的网络系统的控制方法，应用于如本申请任意实施例所述的生产示范线的网络系统中，该方法包括：
所述工站交换机将接收到的数据帧发送至所述控制层交换机；
所述控制层交换机将所述数据帧通过所述第一环网转发至所述组网交换机；所述组网交换机分别将所述数据帧通过所述第二环网转发至所述管理层交换机；
所述管理层交换机将所述数据帧分别转发至所述管理设备，以使所述管理设备根据所述数据帧完成对所述生产示范线的配置与管理。
附图说明
图1a是相关技术中的生产示范线的各工站采用无线通信方式与管理层交换机进行通信示意图；
图1b是相关技术中的生产示范线的各工站采用有线通信方式与管理层交换机进行通信示意图；
图1c是相关技术中的管理层交换机同时与多个环网进行通信的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例一中的一种生产示范线的网络系统示意图；
图3是本申请实施例二和实施例三中的一种生产示范线的网络系统示意图；
图4是本申请实施例四中的一种生产示范线的网络系统的控制方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本申请。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。
实施例一
图2是本申请实施例一中的一种生产示范线的网络系统的示意图，如图2所示，该生产示范线的网络系统包括：至少两台控制层交换机201(图2中以两台控制层交换机为例)、组网交换机202、管理层交换机203以及工站交换机204。
在本实施例中，控制层交换机201与工站交换机204连接；各控制层交换机201与各组网交换机202构成第一环网，用于将工站交换机204发送的数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机202；各组网交换机202与各管理层交换机203构成第二环网，用于将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机203，管理 层交换机203，用于将数据帧转发至管理设备。
其中，各工站交换机204部署于对应的工站中，如上料工站、总装工站以及定制工站等，用于采集对应工站的运行数据帧。在一实施例中，工站交换机204用于，接收可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable Logic Controller，PLC)、人机交互界面(Human Machine Interface，HMI)以及现场层设备发送的数据帧。其中，现场层设备包括：伺服电机、仪器仪表、工业相机、射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)模块、数据输入模块以及数据输出模块等。
以图2中两台控制层交换机为例，可选的，各工站交换机204可以与两台控制层交换机201中的一台控制层交换机通过有线通信机制进行连接，且与另一台控制层交换机通过无线通信机制连接，用于将接收到的数据帧分别通过有线通信的方式和无线通信的方式发送至两台控制层交换机。其中，无线通信机制包括短距离无线通信机制(例如蓝牙模块或者红外模块等)以及长距离无线通信机制(例如WIFI或者移动数据等)。
由此，通过将工站交换机与控制层交换机分别进行有线连接和无线连接，可以避免工站与管理层交换机只进行无线通信时，由于建筑物遮挡工站，以及信号干扰等原因导致的网络系统可靠性较低的问题。
其中，各控制层交换机201与各组网交换机202构成第一环网，各组网交换机202与各管理层交换机203构成第二环网，第一环网与第二环网中各存在左右方向两条链路，当左边链路出现故障时，右边链路上的交换机仍可以进行通信，即任意一条链路出现故障时均不影响环网的正常工作。相关技术中，生产示范线中各工站交换机与一台管理层交换机一起构成环网(如图1b所示)，如果环网中的管理层交换机出现故障，整个环网将无法正常工作。由此，通过 设置第一环网和第二环网，可以避免一台交换机(如控制层交换机201、组网交换机202或者管理层交换机203)出现故障后导致环网无法工作的问题，进而可以提高网络系统的可靠性。
其中，管理层交换机203，用于将数据帧转发至管理设备，以使管理设备根据数据帧完成对生产示范线的配置与管理。管理层设备可以包括制造执行系统(Manufacturing Execution System Association，MES)、数字孪生系统、数据采集与监视控制系统(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition，SCADA)以及网络管理系统等。
在本实施例中，至少两台控制层交换机201、组网交换机202、管理层交换机203以及工站交换机204均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于双层协议设定自身的身份标识；数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使数据帧实现源交换机到目标交换机的转发；其中，源交换机为发送数据帧的交换机，目标交换机为接收数据帧的交换机。
其中，所述双层协议工作于开放式系统互联通信参考模型(Open System Interconnection Reference Model，OSI模型)中的数据链路层中，也即控制层交换机201、组网交换机202、管理层交换机203以及工站交换机204均属于二层交换机，并且各交换机均基于双层协议设定了对应的身份标识，通过在交换机间传输的数据帧中添加源交换机与目标交换机的身份标识，可以使各交换机(控制层交换机201、组网交换机202、管理层交换机203以及工站交换机204)在数据链路层上实现通信选路的功能，也即各二层交换机之间可以进行自由通信。
由此，通过双层协议设定各交换机的身份标识，并使交换机间传输的数据帧携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，在环网交叉处使用二层交换机即可 实现通信选路的功能，避免引入三层交换机导致网络系统较高的开发成本；其次，二层交换机在数据链路层传输数据相比三层交换机在网络层传输数据而言，数据传输的实时性更强。
在一实施例中，双层协议为时间明晰网络(Time Aware Network，TAN)协议；基于TAN协议传输的数据帧中还包括标准以太网数据帧以及附加数据帧；源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识携带在附加数据帧中。
其中，标准以太网数据帧是基于以太网(IEEE 802.3)标准进行封装的数据帧，TAN协议对标准以太网数据帧的帧结构进行了重新的封装，在标准以太网数据帧之前添加了附加数据帧，附加数据帧中包括了多个功能字段，如源交换的身份标识、目标交换机的身份标识、通道协议以及时间协议等。
本申请实施例利用控制层交换机将工站交换机发送的数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机，利用组网交换机将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机，管理层交换机将数据帧转发至管理设备，其中，控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于双层协议设定自身的身份标识，数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使数据帧实现源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发。本申请实施例的技术方案可以提高网络系统的可靠性，在环网交叉处使用二层交换机即可实现通信选路的功能，可以节省网络系统的开发成本，提高数据传输的实时性。
实施例二
图3是本申请实施例二中的生产示范线的网络系统的示意图，本实施例以上述实施例为基础进行细化。如图3所示，控制层交换机中包括第一控制层交 换机205与第二控制层交换机206。
在本实施例中，工站交换机204与第一控制层交换机205通过有线连接，且与第二控制层交换机206通过无线连接，用于将接收到的数据帧通过有线通信的方式发送至第一控制层交换机205，以及将数据帧通过无线通信的方式发送至第二控制层交换机206。
在一实施例中，工站交换机204，用于将接收到的数据帧进行镜像复制，得到两个相同的数据帧，并将两个相同的数据帧中的一个数据帧通过有线通信的方式转发至第一控制层交换机205，将另一个数据帧通过无线通信的方式转发至第二控制层交换机206。
由此，通过将工站交换机与控制层交换机分别进行有线连接和无线连接，可以解决相关技术中生产示范线的各工站通信方式单一的问题，提高了网络系统的灵活性；其次，与相关技术中生产示范线的各工站交换机与管理层交换机一起构成的环网(如图1b所示)相比，将工站交换机204与第二控制层交换机206通过无线连接，可以降低网络系统中线路的铺设成本。
在一实施例中，如图3所示，工站交换机204对应匹配的无线客户端207，第二控制层交换机206对应匹配的无线接入点208；无线客户端207与无线接入点208通过射频链路进行连接。
其中，无线接入点208(AccessPoint，AP)是移动计算机用户进入有线网络的接入点，无线客户端207可以为手机等移动设备，以及笔记本电脑等无线设备。
在本实施例中，如图3所示，工站交换机还包括移动工站交换机209；移动工站交换机209与各控制层交换机(如图3中的205和206)均通过无线连接，用于将接收到的移动数据帧通过无线通信的方式转发至各控制层交换机。
其中，移动工站交换机209部署于移动工站中，用于接收移动导航车以及 可编程逻辑控制器发送的数据帧。
在一实施例中，如图3所示，移动工站交换机209对应两个无线客户端，分别是第一无线客户端210和第二无线客户端211，第一控制层交换机205对应匹配的无线接入点212，第二控制层交换机206对应匹配的无线接入点208。第一无线客户端210与无线接入点212通过射频链路进行连接，第二无线客户端211与无线接入点208通过射频链路进行连接。
由此，通过将移动工站交换机与两个控制层交换机进行无线连接，可以避免相关技术中移动工站与管理层交换机通过单一射频链路连接(如图1a所示)导致的网络系统可靠性较低的问题。
本申请实施例利用控制层交换机将工站交换机发送的数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机，利用组网交换机将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机，管理层交换机将数据帧转发至管理设备，其中，控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于双层协议设定自身的身份标识，数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使数据帧实现源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发。相关技术中，生产示范线的各工站无法实现与管理层交换机同时进行有线通信和无线通信，本申请实施例的技术方案通过将工站交换机与第一控制层交换机通过有线连接，且与第二控制层交换机通过无线连接，可以解决相关技术中生产示范线的各工站通信方式单一的问题，提高网络系统的灵活性和可靠性，节省网络系统的开发成本，提高数据传输的实时性。
实施例三
图3是本申请实施例三中的生产示范线的网络系统的示意图，本实施例以 上述实施例为基础进行细化。如图3所示，以两台控制层交换机为例，控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206还用于，将本端接收到的数据帧与其他控制层交换机接收到的数据帧进行比较，如果确定在控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206接收到的全部数据帧中，存在相同的多个数据帧，则将相同的多个数据帧中第一个接收到的数据帧作为目标数据帧，以及将与目标数据帧对应的控制层交换机作为目标控制层交换机；目标控制层交换机，用于将目标数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机202。
控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206还用于，如果确定在控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206接收到的全部数据帧中，存在相同的多个数据帧，则将相同的多个数据帧中除目标数据帧以外的其他数据帧作为无效数据帧；以及将与无效数据帧对应的控制层交换机作为无效控制层交换机；无效控制层交换机，用于将无效数据帧进行丢弃。
其中，如果控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206在预设时间段内接收到同一工站交换机(工站交换机204或移动工站交换机209)发送的两个数据帧后，将接收到的两个数据帧进行比较，如果两个数据帧相同，则分别获取两个数据帧的接收时间，并将第一个接收到的数据帧作为目标数据帧。在一实施例中，假设控制层交换机205接收到目标数据帧，则将控制层交换机205作为目标控制层交换机，将控制层交换机206作为无效控制层交换机。
如果控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206在预设时间段内只接收到同一工站交换机(工站交换机204或移动工站交换机209)发送的一个数据帧，则表示另一个数据帧出现传输延迟或者在传输过程中丢失，则将接收到数据帧的控制层交换机作为目标控制层交换机。
在本实施例中，如图3所示，各数据帧均携带对应的数据标识；其中，各 数据标识根据TAN协议进行设定，以使控制层交换机205和控制层交换机206根据数据帧的数据标识对数据帧进行转发或者丢弃。
由此，当各控制层交换机接收到同一工站交换机发送的相同数据帧后，通过转发第一个接收到的数据帧，丢弃剩余的数据帧，可以节省交换机中无效数据帧占有的存储空间，提高交换机中存储空间的利用率。
本申请实施例利用控制层交换机将接收到的目标数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机，并将无效数据帧进行丢弃，利用组网交换机将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机，管理层交换机将数据帧转发至管理设备，其中，控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于双层协议设定自身的身份标识，数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使数据帧实现源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发。本申请实施例的技术方案可以提高网络系统的可靠性，可以节省网络系统的开发成本，节省交换机中无效数据帧占有的存储空间，提高数据传输的实时性。
实施例四
图4是本申请实施例四中的一种生产示范线的网络系统的控制方法流程图，本实施例提供的方法可应用于如本申请任意实施例所述的生产示范线的网络系统中，该方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤410、工站交换机将接收到的数据帧发送至控制层交换机。
在此步骤中，控制层交换机有至少两台，工站交换机可以将接收到的数据帧通过有线通信方式发送至一台控制层交换机，并将接收到的数据帧通过无线通信方式发送至另一台控制层交换机。
步骤420、控制层交换机将数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机；其中， 第一环网由各控制层交换机与各组网交换机构成。
步骤430、组网交换机分别将所述数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机；所述第二环网由各组网交换机与各管理层交换机构成。
步骤440、管理层交换机将所述数据帧分别转发至管理设备，以使所述管理设备根据所述数据帧完成对所述生产示范线的配置与管理。
其中，所述控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于所述双层协议设定自身的身份标识；所述数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使所述数据帧实现源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发；其中，源交换机为发送所述数据帧的交换机，目标交换机为接收所述数据帧的交换机。
本申请实施例利用工站交换机将接收到的数据帧发送至控制层交换机，利用控制层交换机将数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机，利用组网交换机将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换机，管理层交换机将数据帧转发至管理设备，其中，控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于双层协议设定自身的身份标识，数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使数据帧实现源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发。本申请实施例的技术方案可以避免工站与管理层交换机只进行无线通信时，导致的网络系统可靠性较低的问题，通过设置第一环网和第二环网，可以提高环网的可靠性，在环网交叉处使用二层交换机即可实现通信选路的功能，可以节省网络系统的开发成本，提高数据传输的实时性。
本申请实施例利用控制层交换机将工站交换机发送的数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机，利用组网交换机将数据帧通过第二环网转发至管理层交换 机，管理层交换机将数据帧转发至管理设备，其中，控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于双层协议设定自身的身份标识，数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使数据帧实现源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发。本申请实施例的技术方案可以提高网络系统的可靠性；其次，在环网交叉处使用二层交换机即可实现通信选路的功能，可以节省网络系统的开发成本，提高数据传输的实时性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种生产示范线的网络系统，包括：至少两台控制层交换机、组网交换机、管理层交换机以及工站交换机；
    所述控制层交换机与所述工站交换机连接；所述控制层交换机与所述组网交换机构成第一环网，所述控制层交换机被配置为将所述工站交换机发送的数据帧通过所述第一环网转发至所述组网交换机；所述组网交换机与所述管理层交换机构成第二环网，所述组网交换机被配置为将所述数据帧通过所述第二环网转发至所述管理层交换机；所述管理层交换机被配置为将所述数据帧转发至管理设备；
    所述至少两台控制层交换机、所述组网交换机、所述管理层交换机以及所述工站交换机均基于双层协议传输数据帧，并基于所述双层协议设定自身的身份标识；所述数据帧中携带源交换机和目标交换机的身份标识，以使所述数据帧实现所述源交换机到所述目标交换机的转发；其中，所述源交换机为发送所述数据帧的交换机，所述目标交换机为接收所述数据帧的交换机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，所述双层协议为时间明晰网络时间明晰网络协议；
    基于所述时间明晰网络协议传输的数据帧中还包括标准以太网数据帧以及附加数据帧；
    所述源交换机和所述目标交换机的身份标识携带在所述附加数据帧中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，
    所述控制层交换机中包括第一控制层交换机与第二控制层交换机；
    所述工站交换机与所述第一控制层交换机通过有线连接，且与所述第二控 制层交换机通过无线连接，所述工站交换机被配置为将接收到的数据帧通过有线通信的方式发送至所述第一控制层交换机，以及将所述数据帧通过无线通信的方式发送至所述第二控制层交换机。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，
    所述工站交换机还被配置为将接收到的数据帧进行镜像复制，得到两个相同的数据帧，并将所述两个相同的数据帧中的一个数据帧通过有线通信的方式转发至第一控制层交换机，将另一个数据帧通过无线通信的方式转发至第二控制层交换机；
    所述控制层交换机还被配置为将本端接收到的数据帧与其他控制层交换机接收到的数据帧进行比较，如果确定在控制层交换机接收到的全部数据帧中，存在相同的多个数据帧，则将所述相同的多个数据帧中第一个接收到的数据帧作为目标数据帧，以及将与所述目标数据帧对应的控制层交换机作为目标控制层交换机；
    所述目标控制层交换机，被配置为将所述目标数据帧通过第一环网转发至组网交换机。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，
    所述控制层交换机还被配置为，如果确定在控制层交换机接收到的全部数据帧中，存在相同的多个数据帧，则将所述相同的多个数据帧中除目标数据帧以外的其他数据帧作为无效数据帧，以及将与所述无效数据帧对应的控制层交换机作为无效控制层交换机；
    所述无效控制层交换机被配置为将所述无效数据帧进行丢弃。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，每个所述数据帧均携带对应的数据标识；
    其中，每个所述数据标识根据时间明晰网络协议进行设定，以使所述控制层交换机根据所述数据帧的数据标识对所述数据帧进行转发或者丢弃。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，所述工站交换机包括移动工站交换机；
    所述移动工站交换机与每个所述控制层交换机均通过无线连接，所述移动工站交换机被配置为将接收到的移动数据帧通过无线通信的方式转发至每个所述控制层交换机。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，
    所述工站交换机对应匹配的无线客户端，所述第二控制层交换机对应匹配的无线接入点；
    所述无线客户端与所述无线接入点通过射频链路进行连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的生产示范线的网络系统，其中，
    所述工站交换机，被配置为接收可编程逻辑控制器、人机交互界面以及现场层设备发送的数据帧；
    所述现场层设备包括：伺服电机、仪器仪表、工业相机以及射频识别模块。
  10. 一种生产示范线的网络系统的控制方法，应用于如权利要求1-9任一项所述的生产示范线的网络系统中，包括：
    所述工站交换机将接收到的数据帧发送至所述控制层交换机；
    所述控制层交换机将所述数据帧通过所述第一环网转发至所述组网交换机；
    所述组网交换机分别将所述数据帧通过所述第二环网转发至所述管理层交换机；
    所述管理层交换机将所述数据帧分别转发至所述管理设备，以使所述管理设备根据所述数据帧完成对所述生产示范线的配置与管理。
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