WO2022007365A1

WO2022007365A1 - Tbm-mounted mineral component detection method and advanced geological forecasting method and system

Info

Publication number: WO2022007365A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/141565
Authority: WO
Inventors: 许振浩; 杨为民; 王朝阳; 谢辉辉; 许广璐; 王欣桐; 潘东东
Original assignee: 山东大学
Priority date: 2020-07-10
Filing date: 2020-12-30
Publication date: 2022-01-13
Also published as: CN111812136A; CN111812136B; AU2020449437B2; AU2020449437A1

Abstract

A TBM-mounted mineral component detection method and an advanced geological forecasting method and system. The TBM-mounted mineral component detection method comprises the following steps: adaptively selecting a surrounding rock test region in a TBM bored tunnel; receiving a mineral element component and content of a surrounding rock in the surrounding rock test region; and obtaining the type of mineral by using a norm mineral calculation method, and determining a rock type and a mineral content interval by combining the type of the mineral with a pre-constructed element-mineral-rock database.

Description

TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method, advanced geological prediction method and system

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of rock mineral composition analysis, and in particular relates to a TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method, an advanced geological prediction method and a system.

Background technique

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

During the construction of rock tunnels, the strength of the rock has a direct impact on the construction progress and safety of the project. As a component of the rock, the strength of minerals is an important index to evaluate the strength of the surrounding rock. Therefore, the real-time detection of the mineral composition of the rock during the tunneling process can provide a basis for the parameter setting of the tunnel boring machine (TBM, Tunnel Boring Machine, full-section rock tunnel boring machine). However, in the TBM construction process, the surrounding rock after excavation needs to be supported within a short period of time, and the mineral composition test must be completed before the support, otherwise the support material will affect the test results, so it is relatively large. The test workload of high is contradicted by the shorter time.

The structure of TBM is complex and the overall length is relatively long, so that the unsupported part of the space after excavation is almost completely filled with TBM. At the same time, there are ventilation pipes, rock slag conveyor belts, etc., leaving very limited working space for element testing equipment or personnel. At the same time, the unsupported part has serious risks of collapse and water and mud inrush, which is very dangerous for traditional manual operations.

In terms of element detection equipment, XRF (X Ray Fluorescence, X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy) technology can realize the miniaturization and portability of equipment, and the results in rock element detection are relatively accurate, but in the prior art, there is a problem for elemental inversion of minerals. The problem of inaccurate content.

Because the minerals that make up the rock are different in composition, shape, and size, and their arrangement in the rock is different, the rock elements are highly heterogeneous on a small scale. At the same time, the rock mass is composed of rocks and structural planes. In the area of deep underground tunnel excavation, due to the existence of phenomena such as magma interspersed and stratigraphic dislocation caused by geological tectonic movement, different lithologies suddenly change in the same space. It also results in a high degree of heterogeneity of the rock mass in the mesoscale range. This inhomogeneity makes it difficult for element detection methods to delineate the same lithological range, and it also makes it difficult to establish subsequent mineral sequence characteristics and advance geological prediction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method, which can adaptively select the surrounding rock test area in the TBM excavation tunnel, and can follow the tunnel excavation process and automatically detect the surrounding rock in real time. rock mineral composition.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method, comprising:

Adaptively select the surrounding rock test area in the tunnel excavated by TBM;

The mineral element composition and content of the surrounding rock in the receiving surrounding rock test area;

The mineral types are obtained by standard mineral calculation methods, and the rock types and mineral content intervals are determined in combination with the pre-built element-mineral-rock database.

The second aspect of the present invention provides an advanced geological prediction method, which can follow the mileage of the TBM tunnel excavation, and use the above-mentioned TBM on-board mineral composition detection method for mineral detection, so as to provide a relevant data basis for advanced geological prediction and improve Stability and safety of TBM excavated tunnels.

An advanced geological prediction method, comprising:

Follow the mileage of the tunnel excavated by the TBM, and use the above-mentioned TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method for mineral detection;

The mineral sequence characteristics of the entire tunnel are constructed to achieve advanced geological prediction.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a TBM-mounted XRF element testing system, which can adaptively select the surrounding rock testing area in the tunnel excavated by the TBM, and can automatically detect the mineral composition of surrounding rock in real time following the tunnel excavation process.

A TBM-mounted XRF element testing system, including a control and data processing terminal and an XRF detector, the XRF detector is mounted on the TBM, and the XRF detector is used to detect the mineral element composition and content of surrounding rocks in a test area ;

The control and data processing terminal includes:

A test area selection module, which is used to adaptively select the surrounding rock test area in the tunnel excavated by the TBM;

A data receiving module, which is used to receive the mineral element composition and content of the surrounding rock in the surrounding rock test area;

The rock determination module is used to obtain the types of minerals by using the standard mineral calculation method, and determine the types of rocks and mineral content intervals in combination with the pre-built element-mineral-rock database.

The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an advanced geological prediction system, which can follow the mileage of the TBM tunneling tunnel, and use the above-mentioned TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method for mineral detection, thereby providing a relevant data basis for advanced geological prediction and improving Stability and safety of TBM excavated tunnels.

An advanced geological forecasting system, comprising:

A mineral detection module, which is used for following the mileage of the tunnel excavated by the TBM, and adopts the TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 to perform mineral detection;

The advanced geological prediction module is used to construct the mineral sequence characteristics of the entire tunnel to realize the advanced geological prediction.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The present invention adopts TBM to carry, and can follow the tunnel excavation process to detect the mineral composition of surrounding rock in real time;

2) The present invention adopts self-adaptive selection of the surrounding rock test area in the TBM excavation tunnel, which can accurately determine different rock types, and then obtain the full-mileage lithology division;

3) In the present invention, following the mileage of the TBM excavation tunnel, the TBM onboard mineral composition detection method is used to detect minerals, and then the mineral sequence characteristics of the entire tunnel are obtained, which realizes advanced geological prediction and improves the stability and safety of the TBM excavated tunnel. .

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the front view of the working state of the TBM mounted mineral composition detection system in the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a front view of a robotic arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a front view of a TBM-mounted mineral composition detection system in an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a sectional view of a TBM mounted mineral composition detection system in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a control and data processing terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 1 robotic arm, 2 element detection system, 3 control and data processing terminal, 4 base, 5 first joint, 6 second joint, 7 third joint, 8 fourth joint, 9 pressure sensor, 10 XRF detection instrument, 11 cameras, 12 control circuits, 13 protective covers, 14 card slots, 15 ultrasonic distance sensors, 16 control boxes, 17 computers.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only a relational word determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention, and does not specifically refer to any component or element in the present invention, and should not be construed as a reference to the present invention. Invention limitations.

In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be a fixed connection, an integral connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected, or through the middle media are indirectly connected. For the relevant scientific research or technical personnel in the field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to the specific situation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Example 1

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method of the present embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, the TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method of this embodiment includes:

S101: Self-adaptively select the surrounding rock test area in the tunnel excavated by the TBM.

The specific implementation of the selected test area is as follows:

1) The selected test area is carried out in an adaptive manner, with the manually input point to be tested as the origin, and the area to be tested is expanded around in the form of a polygon grid. During the expansion process, the polygon grid grid point is used as a new test point.

2) Due to the heterogeneity of the distribution of rock minerals, the average content of elements will tend to be stable with the gradual expansion of the test range in the same lithology area. After this area is exceeded, that is, other lithologies are tested, the average content of elements will begin to change until a new approach value appears. Then the change point can be used as the boundary point of the same lithology area. Select the test area with this

3) After the selection of the test area is completed, according to the density of the points in the window, you can choose a smaller polygon side length for the point-filling test, so as to increase the amount of test data and ensure the accuracy.

S102: Receive the mineral element composition and content of the surrounding rock in the surrounding rock test area.

Specifically, the XRF detector mounted on the TBM is generally used for measurement.

S103: Obtain the types of minerals by using a standard mineral calculation method, and determine the rock types and mineral content intervals in combination with a pre-built element-mineral-rock database.

Its specific implementation method is:

1) The database is established in the tunnel construction area. Through the collection of surface specimens in the construction area and the collection of drilling cores for engineering surveys, the rock specimens in the construction area are obtained, the composition and content of elements and minerals are detected, and an element-mineral-rock database suitable for this area is established.

2) The element composition and content obtained through the test in the tunnel, the mineral type is obtained by using the standard mineral calculation method, the rock type is determined in combination with the database, and the mineral content interval is determined at the same time.

3) The mineral content interval is matched with the mineral type and content obtained by the test. If no matching rock type is found in the pre-built element-mineral-rock database, the rock type is determined manually, and the current mineral element composition and content, as well as the corresponding mineral type and rock type are stored in the element- Mineral-rock database to increase the number of databases and improve accuracy.

Embodiment 2

A kind of advance geological prediction method of the present embodiment includes:

S201: Follow the mileage of the TBM to excavate the tunnel, and use the TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method as described in Embodiment 1 to perform mineral detection;

S202: Construct the mineral sequence characteristics of the entire tunnel to realize advance geological prediction.

This embodiment can follow the mileage of the TBM tunnel excavation and use the above-mentioned TBM on-board mineral composition detection method for mineral detection, thereby providing a relevant data basis for advanced geological pre-processing and improving the stability and safety of the TBM excavation tunnel.

Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 2 , this embodiment provides a TBM-mounted XRF element testing system, including a control and data processing terminal and an XRF detector, the XRF detector is mounted on the TBM, and the XRF detector is used to detect Mineral element composition and content of surrounding rocks in the test area;

The control and data processing terminal includes:

Specifically, the support shoe of the TBM is connected to the robotic arm 1; the robotic arm 1 is a folding arm type and includes at least two joints; the end of the robotic arm is fixed with an element detection system 2, and the end of the robotic arm 1 is also provided with a pressure sensor 9. The pressure sensor 9 is used to detect the fit between the element detection system 2 and the surrounding rock of the tunnel and feed it back to the control and data processing terminal 3; the control and data processing terminal 3 is used to control the robotic arm 1 to drive the elements The detection system 2 moves to the position of the point to be tested, receives the elemental composition of the matched tunnel surrounding rock detected by the elemental detection system, and then inverts the type and content of minerals.

As shown in FIG. 3 , in order to meet the requirements of flexible work, the robotic arm 1 includes at least four joints, and the overall motion dimension is three-dimensional. The robotic arm 1 of this embodiment includes a base 4, a first joint 5, a second joint 6, a third joint 7 and a fourth joint 8 connected in sequence; the element detection system 2 is fixed at the end of the fourth joint 8;

The movement mode of the first joint 5 is horizontal rotation, and the rotation angle is 360°, ensuring that the working space of the robotic arm covers a circle in the horizontal direction;

The movement mode of the second joint 6 is vertical rotation, which increases the working range of the mechanical arm in the vertical and horizontal directions;

The movement mode of the third joint 7 is vertical rotation and rotation along the joint axis, and the rotation angle along the joint axis is 360°; the working range of the mechanical arm is increased, and the end of the mechanical arm can be flexibly moved.

The movement mode of the fourth joint 8 is rotation along the rotation angle of the third joint and rotation along the joint axis, and the rotation angle along the joint axis is 360°. Since both the third and fourth joints can rotate, they can achieve a larger angle and more dimensions of movement at the end of the robotic arm 1 after mutual cooperation to fine-tune the element detection system.

It should be noted here that there are many types of robotic arms, and the robotic arms can also adopt other structural forms, but they are more flexible with more joints, increased motion angles, and increased motion dimensions.

In Fig. 3, the first joint 5 is mounted on the base 4, and the base 4 is fixed on the support shoe of the TBM. In a specific implementation, the base 4 , the first joint 5 , the second joint 6 , the third joint 7 and the fourth joint 8 are all provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected to the control and data processing terminal 3 , The control and data processing terminal 3 is used to control the movement of the driving mechanism to drive the next joint action.

Specifically, the drive mechanism includes a reducer and a motor to control the action of the next joint connected to it.

In a specific implementation, each joint of the manipulator is equipped with a position sensor, and the position sensor is used to detect the position of the manipulator in real time and feed it back to the control and data processing terminal 3 .

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the element detection system 2 includes a box body, and an XRF detector 10 is arranged in the box body to detect the element composition of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; a camera is provided at one end of the box body close to the rock surface 11, which is used to observe the situation in the tunnel and guide the action direction of the manipulator; a control circuit 12 is arranged inside the box to transmit the data obtained by each instrument to the control and data processing terminal 3.

In FIG. 4 , the element detection system 2 is wrapped with a protective cover 13 to prevent damage from falling rocks.

Among them, the end of the protective cover is provided with a card slot 14, which is used to increase the protection of the protective cover in the non-working state.

In a specific embodiment, an ultrasonic distance sensor 15 is provided at one end of the box body close to the rock surface, and the ultrasonic distance sensor 15 is used to detect the vertical degree of the detection head and the rock surface.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the control and data processing terminal 3 is located in the main control room of the TBM, and includes a control box 16 and a computer 17 . The robotic arm 1 is connected to the control box 16 through a cable, and power lines and data transmission lines are embedded in the cable. The control box 16 controls the movement of the robotic arm 1 by receiving the instructions sent by the computer terminal, and the computer 17 is used for receiving XRF, ultrasonic detector data, and camera images.

The computer 17 is also used to send instructions to the control box to control the movement of the robotic arm 1 and the element detection system 2 to select a test area for testing; the computer 17 is also used to improve the Type mineral inversion method was used to calculate the type and content of minerals.

The detection process of the TBM onboard mineral composition detection of the present embodiment is as follows:

Set the coordinate position of the point to be tested;

Turn on the robotic arm 1, and control the control and data processing terminal 3 to make the robotic arm 1 automatically move to a position near the point to be measured and not fit;

Control the robotic arm 1 to move automatically, so that the element detection system is close to the rock surface to be measured, until the pressure sensor 9 shows a reading, at this time the element detection system is fitted with the rock surface, and the XRF detector 10 enters the ore mode, and starts to detect the element composition of the surrounding rock. After waiting for completion, return the data to the control and data processing terminal 3;

Mineral species analysis is performed on the detected mineral element components to obtain the mineral species and content. At this time, a test cycle is completed, and the next detection cycle is continued.

The following describes the method of this embodiment in detail by combining the robotic arm 1, the element detection system 2 with the control and data processing terminal 3, the pressure sensor 9, the ultrasonic distance sensor 15, the adaptive test area selection method and the improved standard mineral calculation method. The working method of the TBM-mounted mineral composition detection system:

Step 1: Set the coordinate position of the rock to be tested;

Step 2: turn on the mechanical arm 1, and make the mechanical arm 1 automatically move to the position near the point to be measured and not fit through the control and the control of the data processing terminal 3;

Step 3: The robotic arm 1 automatically performs fine-tuning through the ultrasonic distance sensor 15, so that the X-ray test port of the element detection system 2 is perpendicular to the rock surface to be tested; the robotic arm 1 automatically moves to make the element detection system 2 close to the rock surface to be tested. This process Keep it vertical until the pressure sensor 9 shows a reading;

Step 4: Turn on the XRF detector 10, enter the ore mode, start to detect the element composition of the surrounding rock and wait for completion, and then transmit the data to the control and data processing terminal 3.

Step 5: The robotic arm 1 adaptively selects a test area based on the test points determined in step 1, and repeats steps 2, 3, and 4 for all test points in the area until completion.

Step 6: Perform mineral inversion using the improved standard mineral calculation method for all data. At this point, one test cycle is completed, and the next test cycle is continued.

If the TBM-mounted surrounding rock mineral composition detection system based on XRF mineral inversion of this embodiment needs to manually control the supplementary measurement of a single point, manually input the coordinates of the position to be measured, and do not perform steps 5 and 6.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment also provides an advanced geological prediction system, which includes:

A mineral detection module, which is used to follow the mileage of the tunnel excavated by the TBM, and use the above-mentioned TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method for mineral detection;

This embodiment can follow the mileage of the TBM tunnel excavation, and use the above-mentioned TBM on-board mineral composition detection method for mineral detection, thereby providing a relevant data basis for advanced geological pre-processing, and improving the stability and safety of the TBM tunnel excavation.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method, characterized in that, comprising:

Adaptively select the surrounding rock test area in the tunnel excavated by TBM;

The mineral element composition and content of the surrounding rock in the receiving surrounding rock test area;

The mineral types are obtained by standard mineral calculation methods, and the rock types and mineral content intervals are determined in combination with the pre-built element-mineral-rock database.
The TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the adaptively selected surrounding rock test area in the TBM excavation tunnel, the manually input point to be measured is taken as the origin, and the polygon mesh is used as the origin. The area to be tested is expanded to the surrounding area. During the expansion process, the polygon grid points are used as new test points.
The TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the process of adaptively selecting the surrounding rock test area in the TBM excavation tunnel, the test is performed in the same lithology area, and the test range varies with the test range. It gradually expands, and the average element content tends to be stable; after this area is exceeded, other lithologies are tested, and the average element content begins to change until a new approach value appears, then the change point is used as the boundary point of the same lithology area, so Select the test area.
The TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, after the selection of the test area is completed, according to the density of the points in the window, a smaller polygon side length is selected to perform the point-filling test, so as to increase the number of test points. The amount of data to ensure the accuracy of the test.
The TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method according to claim 1, wherein if a matching rock type is not found in the pre-built element-mineral-rock database, the rock type is determined manually, and the current rock type is determined. The composition and content of mineral elements and their corresponding mineral types and rock types are stored in the element-mineral-rock database.
An advanced geological forecasting method, characterized in that it includes:

Follow the mileage of the tunnel excavated by the TBM, and use the TBM onboard mineral composition detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 to perform mineral detection;

The mineral sequence characteristics of the entire tunnel are constructed to achieve advanced geological prediction.
A TBM-mounted XRF element testing system, characterized in that it includes a control and data processing terminal and an XRF detector, the XRF detector is mounted on the TBM, and the XRF detector is used to detect minerals in surrounding rocks in a test area Elemental composition and content;

The control and data processing terminal includes:

A test area selection module, which is used to adaptively select the surrounding rock test area in the tunnel excavated by the TBM;

A data receiving module, which is used to receive the mineral element composition and content of the surrounding rock in the surrounding rock test area;

The rock determination module is used to obtain the types of minerals by using the standard mineral calculation method, and determine the types of rocks and mineral content intervals in combination with the pre-built element-mineral-rock database.
The TBM-mounted XRF element testing system according to claim 7, wherein, in the test area selection module, the manually input point to be measured is taken as the origin, and the to-be-measured point is expanded around in a polygonal grid. Area, during the expansion process, the polygon grid points are used as new test points.
The TBM-mounted XRF element testing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the testing area selection module, testing in the same lithology area, with the gradual expansion of the testing range, the average element content tends to Stable; after this area is exceeded, other lithologies are tested, and the average content of elements begins to change until a new approach value appears, then the change point is used as the boundary point of the same lithology area, and the test area is selected accordingly;

or

In the test area selection module, after the test area selection is completed, according to the density of the points in the window, a smaller polygon side length is selected to perform a point-filling test, so as to increase the amount of test data to ensure the test accuracy;

or

In the rock determination module, if no matching rock type is found in the pre-built element-mineral-rock database, the rock type is manually determined, and the current mineral element composition and content as well as the corresponding minerals are determined. Species and rock types are stored in the element-mineral-rock database.
The TBM-mounted XRF element testing system according to claim 7, wherein the XRF detector is fixed at the end of the robotic arm, and the robotic arm is connected to the support shoe of the TBM; the robotic arm is a folding arm type and includes at least two joint.
The TBM-mounted XRF element testing system according to claim 10, wherein the end of the robotic arm is further provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the fit between the XRF detector and the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Feedback to the control and data processing terminal;

or

Each joint of the manipulator is equipped with a position sensor, and the position sensor is used to detect the position of the manipulator in real time and feed it back to the control and data processing terminal.
An advanced geological forecasting system, characterized in that it includes:

A mineral detection module, which is used for following the mileage of the tunnel excavated by the TBM, and adopts the TBM-mounted mineral composition detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 to perform mineral detection;

The advanced geological prediction module is used to construct the mineral sequence characteristics of the entire tunnel to realize the advanced geological prediction.