WO2022005437A2

WO2022005437A2 - Cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders

Info

Publication number: WO2022005437A2
Application number: PCT/TR2021/050681
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ali OZEL
Original assignee: Ozel Ali
Priority date: 2020-07-02
Filing date: 2021-07-01
Publication date: 2022-01-06
Also published as: EP4153870A2; TR202010494A1; WO2022005437A3; EP4153870A4

Abstract

This invention is about the lock mechanism which prevents the oil inside the cylinder to leak back because of wear, cut or blast that may occur on the hoses used in hydraulic and pneumatic piston systems its' characteristics is having; a body (1) in a cylindrical form, a second coupling (3) that enables the fluid inside the body (1) to enter-exit the casing inside the hydraulic cylinder (H) and move towards +x and -x in a way to make the cylinder shaft to move forward and backward, a lock-casing (5) located inside the body with the screw threads on it and including a semispherical housing at the end, a pin lock (8) located in the semispherical housing at the end of the lock-casing (5) and moves toward +y and -y inside this housing in a way to allow the fluid flowing through this casing to enter and exit, an unlocking pin (4) that enables the pin lock (8) to move toward +y and forms a semispherical shape at the end, a lock spring (7) located inside the lock-casing (5) in a way to enable the pin lock (8) to move toward -y with compression force, a pin spring (6) that enables the unlocking pin (4) to move toward -y with compression force, a first coupling (2) that enables the fluid to be transferred and sent back to the pressure gap (B) in a way to allow the unlocking pin (4) to move toward +y and an end cap (9) that prevents the oil to leak out from the pressure gap (B) at the back of the body (1).

Description

CYLINDER PISTON END CAP AND LOCK MECHANISM AT FULL SAFE LOAD THAT CAN BE INTEGRATED INTO HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC

CYLINDERS

Technological Area:

This invention is about the lock mechanism which prevents the oil inside the cylinder to leak back because of wear, cut or blast that may occur on the hoses used in hydraulic and pneumatic piston systems.

Current Situation of the Technique: A hydraulic hose transfers fluids under pressure from one point to another. Hoses are generally made of one or a combination of various materials. The material largely depends on the application and the pressure of the fluid that passes through the hose. These hoses are used in places like agriculture, constructions, machinery and mining equipment, heavy duty machines, household appliances etc. There may occur some problems in these hoses because of multi-planar flexion during operation, bending of wire layers due to the operating conditions, abrasion, pulling tension and suchlike factors. As a result of these problems hoses may encounter wear and thus sudden blasts due to high pressures. In addition, operating with extremely hot fluids speeds up the wear and affects the fatigue life.

These hoses used in hydraulic pistons and carrying fluids in them, are crucial. Being used almost in all machines and vessels, hydraulic pistons work according to the pressure principles of the fluid and fluids are fed in or sent back to these pistons through hoses. A sudden blast which may occur in the hose, fitting or the metal pipe during feeding in and sending back, may lead to big work accidents. For instance; during the hose blast in human carrying boom hoist, the oil inside the hydraulic cylinder will be discharged and the shafts inside the cylinder will suddenly retract. This sudden motion will cause the human carried on this hoist to lose the balance and crash to the floor. For another example, in the hydraulic system carrying the tower in boring machines, the tilting down of the tower because of the blasting of the hose, may cause loss of life of the personnel working under the tower. For these reasons, it has become prominent for hydraulic pistons to not to leak back as a result of a sudden hose blast.

In the patent application numbered JPS521380A, the "Inner lock mechanism of the oil pressure actuator" is described. The inner lock mechanism of the invention temporarily fixes a piston to a certain position inside an oil pressure actuator. The lock mechanism has a different function in this invention. The piston inside the cylinder is fixed with the wrench in the groove inside.

In conclusion there's a need for a new, low-cost, safe, practical, easy to mount technology that does not cause the oil to leak back, not need frequent maintenance, can be applied in every hydraulic and pneumatic system and can overcome the disadvantages mentioned above.

The Invention Definition:

Our invention is a new, low-cost, safe, practical, easy to mount technology that does not cause the oil to leak back, not need frequent maintenance, can be applied in every hydraulic and pneumatic system and can overcome the disadvantages mentioned above.

Our invention can be manufactured solely and independently and can be fixed on to hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders with screws or by welding. Our invention provides oil intake and outlet needed by hydraulic cylinders through the inner mechanism it consists of. While the unlocking pin in its' inner mechanism moves the pin lock with the help of the two couplings in its' locking mechanism, this enables the oil intake and outlet. And these two couplings are placed on our product's body. When the hose connected to the oil intake-outlet coupling blasts due to a possible accident, the pin lock seats on the bearing in the locking case and the oil is captured in the cylinder housing. The locking process is maintained until the system is re -pressurized. And when the oil hose to the pressure zone blasts, the springs will automatically push the shaft and pin lock thus the system will be locked by itself again.

Due to its' construction our invention can be manufactured by the parts which can be easily found in the market, thus it's low-cost by means of part and maintenance. With the help of the o-rings and felts in the inner body, there's no leaking problem encountered. The end cap can be mounted on the back of the body by screw threads or by welding and when preferred it's also possible to attach a foot on the end cap by welding.

In the current system, there are twin locks placed outside the oil tank and cylinder pistons, between the pressured or air intake-outlet couplings. After these lock apparatus, there are pressured hoses and metal pipes between the coupling and the lock apparatus. As pressure-resistant hoses are exposed to corrosion in time, they can be easily deformed and may lead to sudden blasts for they cannot resist to pressure. Our invention is on the end cap side of hydraulic cylinders and fixed on hydraulic cylinders through screw threads or by welding so it acts almost like a single piece. Meaning that hydraulic cylinders are able to get an auto-lock structure. The oil will be locked inside the cylinder in case of a coupling blast, the blasting of the pressurized hose or metal pipe so there will be no oil leak-back out of the cylinder. The locking process takes place immediately and leaves not even a 1 mm space. The lock system is durable against a pressure of minimum 350 bars and maximum 500 bars. The pressure durability can be increased optionally.

Our invention can be integrated onto double-acting cylinder, single-acting cylinder, double-acting telescopic cylinder or single-acting telescopic cylinder. Our invention, by no means, does not allow any oil leakage that may occur in coupling or hose blasts of these systems. In addition, the hose necessity can be reduced by alternatively drilling a hole right across the hydraulic cylinder's first coupling side and adding a hose.

With a small hole on our invention's body, the oil leakage between the felt and the o- ring can be determined. In addition, a pressure sensor can be placed on this hole. Alternatively, by integrating the sensor to the dash panel, the oil leakage can be viewed by the personnel.

The pin lock on our invention is manufactured as one part as a shaft and the other as a semisphere. We used 58 rodway heat-treated steel material and its' sealing quality is stronger and body structure is more durable compared to steel balls that are fully spherical in terms of structure and geometry.

For the parts forming the invention being able to be easily fixed to one each other, it's assembled easily and for its assemblage time is short the costs are lower. Besides, the invention has a solid structure.

Description of Figures: Invention will be explained by referring to the annexed figures this way function and characteristics of the invention will be understood more clearly but this is not intended to limit the invention with these specific arrangements. Contrary, it's intended to cover all alternatives, changes and equivalencies that can be included in the area the invention is described in by the claims in the annex. It's best to note that shown details are demonstrated and presented only for the purpose of explaining the preferred arrangements of the current invention and providing the most practical and easy definition of both the development of methods and the rules and conceptual features of the invention. In these figures; Figure 1 General perspective view of the system's application on hydraulic cylinder. Figure 2 General perspective view of the system. Figure 3 General perspective view of the system. Figure 4 Bottom view of the system. Figure 5 A-A cross-section view of the system. Figure 6 Perspective view of the lock-casing. Figure 7 Perspective view of the pin lock. Figure 8 Perspective view of the unlocking pin.

Figure 9 Perspective view of the end cap.

Figures that will help to understand this invention are numbered as specified in the annexed picture and they are given below by their names.

Description of References:

1. Body

1.1. Hole

2. First coupling

3. Second coupling

4. Unlocking pin

4.1. O-ring casing

5. Lock-casing

6. Pin spring

7. Lock spring

8. Pin lock

9. End cap

10. First o-ring

11. Sealing felt

12. Second o-ring

B. Pressure gap

H. Hydraulic cylinder

Description of Invention:

The invention has a body (1) in a cylindrical form, a second coupling (3) that enables the fluid inside the body (1) to enter-exit the casing inside the hydraulic cylinder (H) and move towards -i-x and -x in a way to make the cylinder shaft to move forward and backward, a lock-casing (5) located inside the body with the screw threads on it and including a semispherical housing at the end, a pin lock (8) located in the semispherical housing at the end of the lock-casing (5) and moves toward +y and -y inside this housing in a way to allow the fluid flowing through this casing to enter and exit, an unlocking pin (4) that enables the pin lock (8) to move toward +y and forms a semispherical shape at the end, a lock spring (7) located inside the lock-casing (5) in a way to enable the pin lock (8) to move toward -y with compression force, a pin spring (6) that enables the unlocking pin (4) to move toward -y with compression force, a first coupling (2) that enables the fluid to be transferred and sent back to the pressure gap (B) in a way to allow the unlocking pin (4) to move toward +y and an end cap (9) that prevents the oil to leak out from the pressure gap (B) at the back of the body (1).

The invention has the first o-ring (10) that prevents the fluid leakage from the pressure gap (B) to the lock-casing (5). The product subject to invention has the unlocking pin (4) that includes the o-ring casing (4.1) connected to the first o-ring (10). The first coupling (2) and the second coupling (3) in the invention enables the entry-exit of the oil and air flow. The invention has the first coupling (2) and the second coupling (3) located with a 90° angle on to the body (1). The body (1) of the product subject to invention has the hole (1.1) that can determine the oil leakage between the sealing felt (11) and the first o-ring (10). The invention has a pressure sensor on the hole (1.1). The product subject to invention may have a cylindrical, triangular, cubic, conic, hexagonal, rectangular or pentagonal body (1). The pin lock (8) and the lock-casing (5) in the invention is manufactured from 58 rodway heat-treated steel material. The pin lock (8) in the product subject to invention is located in a way to seat on the housing of the lock casing (5) without any space and the end of the shaft is semispherical.

Detailed Description of Invention:

The parts constituting the invention are basically; the body (1), first coupling (2), second coupling (3), unlocking pin (4), lock-casing (5), pin spring (6), lock spring )7), pin lock (8), end cap (9), first o-ring (10), sealing felt (11) and the second o-ring (12). The unlocking pin (4) contains only one part. This is the o-ring casing (4.1). And the body (1) contains the hole (1.1) part. There is one body (1) in the product subject to invention. There is the lock casing (5) located on the front of the body (1) with screw threads. And there's the end cap (9) fixed on the back of the body (1). There are the second o-ring (12), lock spring (7) and the pin lock (8) inside the lock casing (5). The unlocking pin (4) part is located in the housing where the pressure gap (B) is in. There is the pin spring (6) concentrically connected to the shaft at the end of the unlocking pin (4). The pin lock (8) is located at the end of the lock spring (7). The first coupling (2) is fixed 90° vertically on the body (1) in a way to send the fluid to the pressure gap (B). There is the second coupling (3) fixed 90° vertically on the body (1) in a way to send the fluid to the part where the pin spring is at (6). There are the first o-ring (10) and the second o-ring (12) on the pin casing (5) and the unlocking pin (4) to prevent the fluid leakage.

The operating principle of the product subject to invention is as follows; our invention can be used in single or double acting normal cylinders and single or double acting telescopic cylinders. It operates in double acting cylinders as follows; the fluid filling from the second coupling (3) is directly sent to the housing inside the hydraulic cylinder (H). At the same time, it hits the pin lock (8) and able to move the pin lock (8) toward +y. Then the cylindrical shaft inside the hydraulic cylinder (H) moves forward (+y) by the fluid filling in it. And for the backward motion of the cylindrical shaft inside the hydraulic cylinder (H), oil is pushed from the first coupling (2). The fluid flows from the first coupling (2) to the fluid pressure gap (B). With the pressure force, the fluid filled in here forces the unlocking pin (4) to move toward +y. With unlocking pin's (4) motion toward +y, the pin lock (8) is moved 3-4 mm within its' casing. At the same time, the hose connected to the first coupling (2) transfers the fluid also to hydraulic cylinder's (H) inlet at the other end. In double-acting cylinder, the first coupling (2) works in parallel with this inlet. This fluid filled in pushes the shaft inside the hydraulic cylinder (H) from the other side and enables the fluid left in the other side to be released from the space made by the pin lock (8). The fluid leaving this area passes to the second coupling (3) and leaves the system. As for the single-acting cylinders; there is no inlet at the other side of the hydraulic cylinder (H) so the backward motion of the shaft inside the hydraulic cylinder (H) happens with the force created by the load on the hydraulic cylinder (H). The unlocking pin (4) moves forward in the direction of the fluid coming from the first coupling (2) and this unlocking pin (4) also moves the pin lock forward (8) too. In the direction of the pressure created by the load, the fluid flows through the space made by the pin lock (8) and can reach to the second coupling (3). When it's desired for the shaft inside the cylinder to move forward again, the fluid can be sent from the second coupling (3). As for that the pin spring (6) and the lock spring (7) are the most important elements which provides safety of the hydraulic cylinder (H). With blasts, wears, cuts which may occur on the hoses, these springs automatically moves the unlocking pin (4) and the pin lock (8) toward -y and prevents the fluid pass. By this means, the fluid is captured inside the hydraulic cylinder (H). The first o-ring (10), sealing felt (11) and the second o-ring (12) inside the body (1) prevent fluid leakages. And the end cap (9) is fixed at the back of the body (1) with screw threads or by welding and disallows the oil leakages which may occur at the back of the body (1). And in case there is an oil leakage between the first o-ring (10) and the felt (11), this can be easily viewed with the help of the hole (1.1) and prevented quickly.

Claims

1- The invention is about a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having;

— a body (1) in a cylindrical form,

— a second coupling (3) that enables the fluid inside the body (1) to enter-exit the casing inside the hydraulic cylinder (H) and move towards +x and -x in a way to make the cylinder shaft to move forward and backward,

— a lock-casing (5) located inside the body (1) with the screw threads on it and including a semispherical housing at the end,

— a pin lock (8) located in the semispherical housing at the end of the lock-casing (5) and moves toward +y and -y inside this housing in a way to allow the fluid flowing through this casing to enter and exit,

— an unlocking pin (4) that enables the pin lock (8) to move toward +y and forms a semispherical shape at the end,

— a lock spring (7) located inside the lock-casing (5) in a way to enable the pin lock (8) to move toward -y with compression force,

— a pin spring (6) that enables the unlocking pin (4) to move toward -y with compression force,

— a first coupling (2) that enables the fluid to be transferred and sent back to the pressure gap (B) in a way to allow the unlocking pin (4) to move toward +y and

— an end cap (9) that prevents the oil to leak out from the pressure gap (B) at the back of the body (1).

2- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the first o-ring (10) and the sealing felt (11) that prevents the fluid leakage from the fluid's pressure gap (B) to the lock-casing (5).

3- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the unlocking pin (4) that includes the o-ring casing (4.1) connected to the first o-ring (10).

4- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the first coupling (2) and the second coupling (3) that enables the entry-exit of the oil and air flow.

5- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the first coupling (2) and the second coupling (3) located with a 90° angle on to the body (1).

6- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the body (1) that has the hole (1.1) that can determine the oil leakage between the sealing felt (11) and the first o-ring (10).

7- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the pressure sensor that can be integrated on the hole (1.1).

8- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; a cylindrical, triangular, cubic, conic, hexagonal, rectangular or pentagonal body (1).

9- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the pin lock (8) and the lock-casing (5) manufactured from 58 rodway heat-treated steel material. 10- What's mentioned in Claim 1 is a cylinder piston end cap and lock mechanism at full safe load that can be integrated into hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders and its' characteristic is having; the pin lock (8) with a semispherical shaft end in a way to seat on the housing of the lock-casing (5) without any space.