WO2022000098A1 - Método y sistema para monitorear y controlar la presencia de al menos un tipo de insecto en cultivos agrícolas - Google Patents
Método y sistema para monitorear y controlar la presencia de al menos un tipo de insecto en cultivos agrícolas Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022000098A1 WO2022000098A1 PCT/CL2020/050068 CL2020050068W WO2022000098A1 WO 2022000098 A1 WO2022000098 A1 WO 2022000098A1 CL 2020050068 W CL2020050068 W CL 2020050068W WO 2022000098 A1 WO2022000098 A1 WO 2022000098A1
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- Prior art keywords
- coverage area
- insect
- soil
- crop
- crop coverage
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 21
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- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001261104 Lobesia botrana Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/026—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects combined with devices for monitoring insect presence, e.g. termites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
- A01N61/02—Mineral oils; Tar oils; Tar; Distillates, extracts or conversion products thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a method and system to monitor and control the presence of at least one type of insect in agricultural crops, such as Lobesia Botrana and, particularly, to alert the ideal moment of application of agrochemical products in these agricultural crops, which are usually affected by different types of pests during their production cycle.
- the method of the invention is carried out by means of a system that essentially comprises at least one capture device, arranged in a host, to attract and capture at least one insect on an interior surface of said device; at least one internal photographic device, arranged on top of the at least one capture device, to obtain at least one internal photograph of the interior surface of said at least one capture device; at least one external photographic device, arranged in such a way as to point towards a crop coverage area, to obtain at least one external photograph of said crop coverage area; at least one ambient temperature sensor, to measure the ambient temperature in the crop coverage area; at least one soil temperature sensor, to measure the soil temperature in the crop cover area; at least one ambient humidity sensor, to measure the ambient humidity in the crop coverage area; at least one soil moisture sensor, to measure soil moisture in the crop cover area, and at least one control device, to receive data obtained from the at least one internal photographic device, the at least one photographic device external, the at least one room temperature sensor, the at least one floor temperature sensor, the at least one room humidity sensor and the at
- the method and system of the invention also comprise at least one analysis device, which receives the information related to the internal and external photographs, in addition to the data on ambient temperature, soil temperature, ambient humidity and soil humidity. , storing them and detecting the presence of at least one insect photographed on the internal surface of the capture device, together with the species to which it belongs, including it in a count of insects for the identified species.
- the analysis device makes it possible to obtain, using the data on ambient temperature and soil temperature, the accumulated degree days and degree days for the crop coverage area, and determine, using said information related to the accumulated degree days and degree days , together with the at least one internal and external photograph sent, the phenological stage in which it is found, both the identified insect and the photographed crop coverage area.
- a more complete monitoring would allow filling in information gaps and measuring other variables in addition to population density, such as temperature and ambient or soil humidity, or relevant events in the phenology of the crop and of the monitored insects, in such a way to better determine and understand how each generation of the pest to be controlled develops, thus providing a more accurate indication of the appropriate time for the application of agrochemicals in a crop, allowing to minimize the use of these agents, generating considerable savings for farmers and harvesting fruit with less exposure to chemicals, increasing its sale value.
- patent application US2019364871A1 describes an arthropod trap with an aerosol dispenser that can be remotely controlled to dispense aerosol doses of an active ingredient such as a pheromone or other semi-chemical.
- the trap allows the capture of images through capture means within the trap, which are communicated wirelessly to a remote server or application.
- the dispenser is preferably upside down with the nozzle near the lower end of the dispenser inverted.
- a drive mechanism controls the spray dose according to a schedule or according to individual spray commands, each of which can be received wirelessly by the trap. Capture media images can be used as comments to verify or modify the metered dosage schedule.
- the EIMDs may each comprise a decoy to attract at least one species of target insect, one or more sensors configured to generate one or more output signals in response to an individual insect approaching the decoy, and a controller Electronic configured to count a number of individual insects that approach the lure.
- the IPM system may comprise a plurality of EIMDs configured to communicate over a wireless network shared by the plurality of EIMDs.
- none of the documents cited above describes a system that is capable of integrating the information collected, during a harvest season, for example, in future measurements, which substantially improves the indications to recommend the best time to apply agrochemicals. in cultivation.
- the present invention stores all the information obtained from the images inside the capture device and the crop, in addition to the parameters associated with temperature and humidity, in order to include and weight them in future indications to apply agrochemicals in the monitored crop, which allows the system learn the behavior of insects and the climate in a specific growing area over time.
- Having to move the devices from place to place causes two potential problems, one of them associated with the fact that there must be one or more operators assigned to monitor, either remotely or in person, the energy levels of each of the devices, in a way that to move them in case a considerable power drop is detected or the disconnection of any of them, causing agricultural personnel to move through the field, thus increasing the costs of monitoring and pest control.
- the other possible problem is related to the fact that, on occasions, the new location in which the device is arranged to be able to receive more radiation is not the best for capturing insects, thus distorting the data collection and the subsequent indication of application. of pesticides in the respective growing area.
- the invention refers to a method and system to monitor and control the presence of at least one type of insect in agricultural crops, which allows a more precise indication about the ideal moment for the application of at least one agrochemical in an area cultivation where the system is operating, from obtaining variables and parameters in addition to those used in the state of the art.
- the present invention provides a method and system that provides an indication of the application of agrochemicals that improves its precision over time, thanks to the continuous storage of information and data obtained over time, with which the system receives feedback and learns for future indications of agrochemical application.
- the method and system provided by the invention makes it possible to ensure the continuous operation of all the components of the system, due to the fact that its power generation system is optimally arranged, either on the device of captured or separated from it, to receive the amount of radiation required for the correct operation of the system.
- the characteristics and advantages mentioned for the present invention avoid that agricultural operators have to continuously inspect the traps installed for data collection, since all the information collected by the system is sent to an analysis device, which stores all the information sent by the different devices and sensors of the system, processing it and delivering a precise indication about the best moment for the application of agrochemicals in the monitored growing area.
- the method for monitoring and controlling the presence of at least one insect in agricultural crops comprises the following steps:
- the at least one analysis device in the at least one analysis device the parameters obtained on the species of the at least one insect, the count of insects for the identified species, the degree days, the accumulated degree days, the data on ambient temperature, soil temperature, humidity of the environment and soil moisture, the phenological stage of the at least one identified insect and of the crop cover area, and about the evaluation of whether the application of the at least one agrochemical is appropriate;
- the method of the invention operates once the components of the system have been installed in the host, which can be one of the trees in the growing area to be monitored or on a post installed close to the growing area. to monitor. Once you have Once its operation has started, the capture device attracts insects to its interior surface, which is impregnated with a substance that attracts insects of the species to be monitored, such as a pheromone. Once the insect (s) land on the inside surface of the capture device, they are trapped by a sticky substance, being completely immobilized.
- the method of the invention also comprises collecting a series of parameters that allow the system to alert the operator of the right moment to proceed with the application of one or more agrochemicals in a particular growing area. These parameters are related to obtaining photographs of the interior surface of the capture device, in which the insects are trapped, as well as photographs of the state of the crop, which allow viewing, for example, the state of the tree or plant and its fruits. and / or flowers. In addition, the parameters obtained allow observing environmental variables regarding the temperature and humidity of the environment and the soil in the area of crop coverage.
- Crop coverage area should be understood as the coverage radius that allows a capture device to be covered, together with photographic devices and sensors, where, to cover a complete crop, multiple modules made up of different capture devices with their respective photographic devices and sensors, controlled in turn by respective control devices.
- Said control devices send the collected information to at least one analysis device, which can be located remotely from the culture, which collects all the information provided by each of the modules and evaluates for each one of them whether the application of one or more agrochemicals, alerting the system operator if necessary through the display device. In this way, a differentiated recommendation is obtained for each of the growing areas where each device and sensor module is operating.
- the analysis device obtains various parameters. The first of these is related to detecting the presence of one or more insects in the photograph of the internal surface, where it must also be identified if the insects belong to the species to be monitored.
- Said detection and identification is carried out through a machine learning model, continuously trained to detect and identify the captures of the species of interest and thus determine the amount of said captures on a daily basis.
- the analysis device proceeds to store the count records in an insect count for each of the monitored species, this information being accessible to the system operator through a platform viewed through the display device.
- Another parameter obtained by the analysis device is related to obtaining the degree days (GD) for the different areas of crop coverage where the system operates, from the temperature data received from each of the device and sensor modules and the parameters established in the analysis device in relation to the type of culture analyzed. This operation can be calculated for a period of time (day, week, month, year), part or all of the crop cycle.
- GD degree days
- the analysis device obtains the accumulated degree days (GDA) for each area of monitored crop coverage, which correspond to the sum of the degrees of each day in a period of time, which, in simple terms, expresses the total amount of energy to which the tree or plant is subjected during its growth cycle.
- GDAs allow the analysis device to determine with a high degree of certainty the phenological stage in which the monitored insect species is found, as well as the phenological stage of each of the trees or plants in each of the zones. crop coverage.
- the analysis device obtains another parameter that allows to improve the certainty in the detection of the phenological stage of the host in the areas of crop coverage, which are photographed by each of the external photographic devices, obtaining images of the exterior of the tree or plant, where you can observe in detail the development of the fruit and / or flower, as well as various physical characteristics of said fruits and / or flowers, together with the rest of the tree or plant, which allow the analysis device to visually determine the phenological stage in which the various zones are found crop coverage.
- the way to determine said phenological stage is through an image recognition model, as occurs for the analysis of the photographs of the internal surface of the capture device, through the use of a machine learning model, continuously trained to identify relevant events, in order to identify the phenological stage in which the host is found in each of the monitored crop coverage areas.
- the analysis device has stored and continuously processed the data that allow estimating the future phenological development of the monitored species, the date on which the GDAs that determine the application of certain products that have been previously established in the system.
- the system estimates an application date and the type of product that is recommended, according to the phenological state of the host and the pest according to the GDA and according to the events identified in the phenological development of the host.
- the system determines In addition, the date on which the system operator is notified or alerted to the recommendation for the application of the agrochemical product (s) in the crop coverage area, through the display device.
- the analysis device stores all the information received, both the information received raw from each of the device and sensor modules, as well as the information obtained through the processing of said raw information, together with the continuous evaluations carried out to determine whether or not it is advisable to proceed with the application of one or more agrochemicals in the crop coverage area.
- This allows the system to incorporate this information through machine learning models, in order to improve the precision of each subsequent indication that the analysis device delivers to the operator, for each of the crop coverage areas, regarding whether or not it corresponds. the application of one or more agrochemicals.
- the method further comprises sending the location of the at least one internal photographic device, of the at least one external photographic device and of the at least one control device, through at least one device location. This allows the system operator to know at all times the location of each of the main system devices that are located in the different areas of crop coverage, which can be of vital importance in the event that any of the devices are Stolen.
- the method further comprises energizing at least one interior photographic device, at least one exterior photographic device, at least one room temperature sensor, at least one room temperature sensor. soil, at least one ambient humidity sensor, at least one soil humidity sensor and at least one location device, through at least one energy storage device.
- the method further comprises recharging the at least one energy storage device, through at least one energy generation device.
- the method further comprises sending the location of the at least one power generation device, through at least one location device.
- the method further comprises obtaining, by means of the at least one analysis device, forecasts of temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind speed and direction, from databases hosted on the Internet or in other climatological databases, such as computer systems accessible through API (application programming interface), where the method also includes including said forecasts of temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind speed and direction in the stage of evaluating whether the application of at least one agrochemical in the growing area corresponds.
- climatological databases such as computer systems accessible through API (application programming interface)
- This embodiment of the invention is of particular importance, since it allows the system, through the analysis device, to incorporate additional information in estimating the date of application and the type of recommended agrochemical product, adding these variables to the aforementioned above in relation to the phenological state of the host and the pest according to the GDA and according to the events identified in the phenological development of the host. Said information can serve, for example, not to recommend the application of an agrochemical in a crop coverage area, in the event that unfavorable rains or winds are forecast for said product application in said area.
- the step of obtaining at least one internal photograph of said internal surface is carried out in a range between 15 minutes and 24 hours.
- the internal photography device images the inside surface of the capture device once each day.
- the step of obtaining at least one external photograph of a crop coverage area is carried out in a range between 15 minutes and 24 hours.
- the external photography device takes an image of the growing area once each day.
- the step of measuring the ambient temperature, by means of at least one ambient temperature sensor is carried out in a range between 15 minutes and 24 hours, wherein the step of measuring the ambient temperature Soil temperature, using at least one soil temperature sensor, is also carried out in a range between 15 minutes and 24 hours.
- the data on ambient temperature and soil temperature are obtained every 30 minutes by the respective sensors.
- the step of measuring ambient humidity, by means of at least one ambient humidity sensor is carried out in a range between 15 minutes and 24 hours, wherein the step of measuring the humidity Soil moisture, using at least one soil moisture sensor, is also carried out in a range between 15 minutes and 24 hours.
- the data on ambient humidity and soil humidity are obtained every 30 minutes by the respective sensors.
- the step of sending the at least one internal photograph, the at least one external photograph and the data on ambient temperature, soil temperature, ambient humidity and soil humidity to at least one Analysis device is carried out at least once every 24 hours, through a wireless communication protocol that allows data transfer.
- the step of alerting a system operator in case of corresponding application of the at least one agrochemical in the crop coverage area, comprises indicating a notification date, a date recommended application and a list with the agrochemical product (s) that is recommended to be applied in the crop coverage area, where said alert is carried out when the system evaluates that an agrochemical application should be carried out, and the operator configure the system to warn about a specific variable that is of interest to him and that is being measured by the system, even if there is no recommendation for the application of agrochemicals, for example, data on ambient and / or soil temperature and humidity , as well as data on accumulated degree days and degree days and / or visualization of the images obtained through photographic devices.
- the periodicity of these alerts can also be configured by the operator, in order to receive information through the display device in ranges that go from at least once every 24 hours.
- a system is also described to monitor and control the presence of at least one type of insect in agricultural crops, comprising:
- At least one capture device arranged in a host, to attract and capture at least one insect on an interior surface of said device
- At least one internal photographic device arranged on top of the at least one capture device, to obtain at least one internal photograph of the interior surface of said at least one capture device;
- - at least one external photographic device arranged in such a way as to point towards a crop coverage area, to obtain at least one external photograph of said crop coverage area;
- - at least one ambient temperature sensor to measure the ambient temperature in the growing coverage area;
- At least one ambient humidity sensor to measure the ambient humidity in the growing coverage area
- At least one control device to receive data obtained from the at least one internal photographic device, the at least one external photographic device, the at least one room temperature sensor, the at least one floor temperature sensor, the least one ambient humidity sensor and the at least one soil humidity sensor, and to monitor their operation;
- At least one analysis device which receives data obtained from the at least one control device, to analyze them and evaluate whether the application of at least one agrochemical in the crop coverage area corresponds;
- At least one display device which alerts an operator in the event that the application of at least one agrochemical in the crop coverage area corresponds.
- the system also comprises at least one energy storage device, wherein the at least one energy storage device is a lead-acid battery, lithium or any material or combination of materials capable of storing electrochemical energy.
- the at least one energy storage device is a lead-acid battery, lithium or any material or combination of materials capable of storing electrochemical energy.
- the system further comprises at least one power generation device, wherein the at least one power generation device Power is arranged on the at least one capture device, or separately at least one capture device.
- the at least one energy generation device is a photovoltaic panel, wherein the at least one energy storage device can be arranged together with the at least one energy generation device.
- the system also comprises at least one location device, arranged in the at least one internal photographic device, in the at least one external photographic device, in the at least one control device , and in the at least one power generation device, wherein the at least one location device is a GPS or any other device that allows geolocation of the at least one capture device.
- the system further comprises at least one first cable to connect the at least one power generation device to the at least one energy storage device, and at least one second cable to connect the at least one energy storage device at least one interior photographic device, at least one exterior photographic device, at least one room temperature sensor, at least one floor temperature sensor, at least one temperature sensor ambient humidity, at least one soil moisture sensor, at least one control device, and at least one location device.
- the external photographic device which obtains photographs of the exterior of the host, which could be a tree or plant, specifically of its fruits and / or flowers, in a sustained manner over time and at the different focus points allowed by the location of the capture device.
- These photographs allow the analysis device to identify key phenological states and changes within the development of plants, such as first leaf, maximum flowering, fruit set, among others.
- by associating the information obtained from From the external photographs with the climatic data it is possible to identify ranges of tolerances to frost or droughts, observing damage to leaves and flowers.
- the phenological states of the plants define the times of application of certain products in the crops. For example, in the case of olive trees, the application of humus in the maximum flowering stage improves the yield, volume and weight of the fruit, in addition to other properties. In a similar case, the application of polyamine in anthesis (stage of flower development) increases the retention of fruits in two varieties of mangoes.
- the energy-generating device can have in the system of the invention, which can be integrated together with the capture device or separately, in the event that the optimal location of the device capture may not be the best location for the power generating device.
- this is a common problem in the state of the art, where there is a great risk that said energy-generated devices, such as photovoltaic panels, will not be able to charge the batteries of these systems to the necessary level. for its correct operation.
- the present invention provides a method and system for the monitoring and control of insects effective and with greater precision than those currently available on the market, automatically giving the operator an indication about the best moment for the application of one or more agrochemicals or another specific agent in the different areas of crop coverage that are being monitored by the photographic device and sensor modules, either from the phenology of the host, the phenology of the pest, the conditions climatic conditions, or through a combination of one or more of said parameters and variables.
- Figure 1 shows a diagram of the procedure to monitor an insect pest and decide the right moment for the application of agrochemicals in an agricultural crop, according to the state of the art.
- Figure 2 shows a diagram of the procedure to decide the right moment for the application of one or more agrochemicals in one or more areas of crop coverage, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 3 shows an isometric view and a front view of the components of the system for monitoring and controlling the presence of at least one type of insect in agricultural crops, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the system to monitor and control the presence of at least one type of insect in agricultural crops in a host, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- figure 1 shows a scheme of the procedure to monitor the presence of insects in an agricultural crop and to decide the best moment for the application of agrochemicals in said crop, commonly used in the state of technique.
- A Installation / uninstallation of traps
- B Prospecting for traps
- C Decision regarding the application of agrochemicals
- D Communication of decision
- E Application of agrochemicals.
- stage A agricultural workers proceed to the installation of traps through the crop to be monitored.
- the decision about the number of traps to install and the distance between them is usually made through procedures recommended by agricultural institutions, which seek that their disposition covers the entire crop in the best possible way.
- Stage B corresponds to the prospecting that must be done of the installed traps, where one or more workers must go through the entire crop to be able to count the number of insects in each of the traps.
- This task due to the long time it takes, is not possible to perform every day, which would increase the costs associated with the use of workers for these tasks, so the personnel in charge usually carry it out every 4, 7 or 14 days.
- One of the problems that exists when not having a daily review of the traps is not being able to detect the exact day on which the first capture of the monitored insect species occurs, which can lead to late decisions about the application of agrochemicals in the crop.
- stage C the worker in charge of making the decision about whether or not to apply agrochemicals in the crop, receives the information collected through the different traps, the which must manually enter a device to be able to process them, such as a computer or similar, in which the worker must compare said data obtained with theoretical information regarding the phenology of the insect according to the climatic conditions of the area, which is obtained through internet databases or through a monitoring station.
- stage D begins, where the communication of the decision must be made to those in charge of carrying out the fumigation.
- the decision about spraying is generally made for the entire crop, given the impossibility of detecting which zones or areas of the crop are being attacked to a greater or lesser extent by the pest.
- figure 2 shows a scheme of the procedure to decide the right moment for the application of one or more agrochemicals in one or more areas of crop coverage, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- the tasks that the procedure comprises have also been divided into five major stages, in order to facilitate comparison with Figure 1 of the state of the art. These stages correspond to: A: Installation / uninstallation; B: Prospecting; C: Decision; D: Communication; and E: Application and registration. [0066] In relation to stage A, this does not vary in terms of how to install the system with respect to what is described in figure 1, where one or more workers must go through the crop that It is desired to monitor, in order to install the components of the system of the invention.
- stage B related to the prospecting of the traps, this is carried out automatically by the photographic devices and environmental and soil sensors arranged in each of the modules throughout the crop, where it is It is possible to configure the periodicity in the data collection for each of said devices and sensors.
- the method and system of the invention is configured so that the devices and sensors of each of the cultivation modules send the collected information to respective control devices, which store the information until it is sent to an analysis device, at least once a day, which collects all this information, coming from all the control devices arranged in the different modules.
- This way of sending data avoids the presence of workers in the crop, dedicated only to the task of collecting said data, allowing them to be devoted to other tasks.
- thanks to the constant monitoring carried out in each of the modules and the speed with which the information is sent to the analysis device it is possible to obtain data about a first catch for the species to be monitored in less than 24 hours. hours, since it has occurred, thus allowing to substantially improve the reaction speed in the presence of the pest, making the pertinent decisions to control its expansion in the area of crop coverage in which its presence has been detected, which is shown in stage C of figure 2.
- stage C the analysis device collects the information sent by each of the modules arranged in the culture, as mentioned in the previous paragraph.
- This data collection is done automatically and wirelessly through a network that allows wireless data transfer, such as 3G, 4G, 5G, Bluetooth, infrared, or any other network that allows this type of data transfer.
- a network that allows wireless data transfer, such as 3G, 4G, 5G, Bluetooth, infrared, or any other network that allows this type of data transfer.
- This information regarding the phenology of the insect and the host is obtained from data on ambient temperature and humidity, soil temperature and humidity and through the photographs obtained from the inside of the capture device or trap and of the host, for each one. of the modules. This allows, thanks to the algorithm used by the analysis device, to obtain accurate data regarding the development status of the pest in each of the crop coverage areas monitored by each of the modules, accurately alerting in the event that the application of agrochemicals in any of the crop cover areas is evaluated as necessary.
- the method and system of the invention is capable of including additional information regarding the weather forecast (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc.), in order to avoid issuing an alert for the application of agrochemicals in case of that the system detects that there is a rain forecast or in case the wind is not favorable for its application, among others.
- the weather forecast temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc.
- stage D related to communication, the analysis device, once it detects the need to apply one or more agrochemicals in one or more of the crop coverage areas, sends an alert to one or more operators in charge of the system through a display device, such as a smartphone, a computer, a tablet, etc.
- a display device such as a smartphone, a computer, a tablet, etc.
- This allows the system operator (s) to worry about having to do data analysis tasks, spending time comparing data tables, which are often not accurate and / or representative of the area where the crop is located. monitored.
- stage E in case the system operator has been notified that the application of one or more agrochemicals is necessary in one or more areas of crop coverage, it proceeds to notify the persons in charge of these tasks so that they begin with the fumigation.
- the method and system of the invention allows the events related to the application of agrochemicals to be carried out only when the need to do so is detected by the analysis device, and only in the specific areas of the monitored crop, avoiding preventive fumigations throughout the cultivation and keeping a specific record for each area of crop cover that has been fumigated. This leads to significant savings in fumigation tasks by farmers, allowing them to obtain products with less exposure to chemicals, increasing their market value.
- Figure 3 shows the main components of the system (1), which comprises a capture device (10), such as a pheromone trap, which has an interior surface (11), where insects are attracted and Captured by a sticky substance.
- a capture device (10) such as a pheromone trap
- an internal photographic device (20) such as a photographic camera, which obtains images of the interior surface (11) of the capture device (10).
- the system (1) also comprises an external photographic device (21), such as a second photographic camera, arranged separately from the capture device (10), to obtain images of the host in which the system is located ( one).
- the external photographic device (21) is arranged in conjunction with a hermetic housing comprising the control device (40) and the energy storage device (50), such as a rechargeable lithium battery, which must be protected from the inclement weather outside.
- the ambient temperature (30) and ambient humidity (31) sensors are arranged, which monitor the climatic conditions of the crop coverage area where the module is located. of devices and sensors.
- the system (1) comprises a soil moisture sensor (32), arranged buried in the ground where the host is located, to monitor soil conditions.
- the system (1) can also comprise a soil temperature sensor (not shown in the figures), if this data is necessary for making decisions regarding a particular agrochemical.
- the system (1) has an energy generation device (60), such as one or more photovoltaic panels, which is arranged in such a way as to receive the solar radiation necessary for the correct operation of all the devices and sensors of the system (1).
- an energy generation device such as one or more photovoltaic panels, which is arranged in such a way as to receive the solar radiation necessary for the correct operation of all the devices and sensors of the system (1).
- figure 4 shows the complete system (1), arranged in the host, which in this case corresponds to a fruit tree.
- the capture device (10) together with the internal photographic device (20), is located in an area of the host where the transit of the species to be monitored is more likely, in order to facilitate captures in the area.
- the external device (21) together with the control device (40), the energy storage device (50) and the ambient temperature and humidity sensors (30, 31), are arranged in place in where the phenological development of the tree and its fruits and / or flowers can be better observed.
- the soil moisture sensor (32) is located buried in the ground near the host tree.
- This characteristic regarding the freedom of positioning of the components of the system (1) allows obtaining precise data for each of the variables to be monitored, which are subsequently sent to the analysis device (not shown in the figures) , which can be remotely available to the crop, for example, hosted on a computer.
- the power generation device (60) can be freely arranged with respect to the rest of the components of the system (1), thus allowing said device to be placed on the tree, for example, thus avoiding any risk. that the system does not have enough power to operate properly.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
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BR112022027113A BR112022027113A2 (pt) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Método e sistema para monitorizar e controlar a presença de pelo menos um tipo de inseto em culturas agrícolas |
PCT/CL2020/050068 WO2022000098A1 (es) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Método y sistema para monitorear y controlar la presencia de al menos un tipo de insecto en cultivos agrícolas |
US18/014,046 US20240016136A1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Method and system for monitoring and controlling the presence of at least one type of insect in agricultural crops |
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PCT/CL2020/050068 WO2022000098A1 (es) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Método y sistema para monitorear y controlar la presencia de al menos un tipo de insecto en cultivos agrícolas |
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PCT/CL2020/050068 WO2022000098A1 (es) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Método y sistema para monitorear y controlar la presencia de al menos un tipo de insecto en cultivos agrícolas |
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US (1) | US20240016136A1 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112022027113A2 (es) |
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CN116453003A (zh) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 之江实验室 | 一种基于无人机监测智能识别水稻生长势的方法和系统 |
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KR20100127476A (ko) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-12-06 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | 병해충 관리 시스템 |
KR20110053762A (ko) * | 2009-11-16 | 2011-05-24 | 디비비전(주) | 과수재배 현장에서 촬영된 이미지로부터 해충의 종류 및 분포를 분석하는 병해충 관리 시스템 |
KR101491830B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-24 | 2015-02-11 | 농업협동조합중앙회 | 농작물 병해충 진단 시스템을 이용한 농작물 병해충 처방 방법 |
WO2020051650A1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | SnapTrap Pty Ltd | System and method for automated phenology analysis |
-
2020
- 2020-06-30 US US18/014,046 patent/US20240016136A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-30 WO PCT/CL2020/050068 patent/WO2022000098A1/es active Application Filing
- 2020-06-30 BR BR112022027113A patent/BR112022027113A2/pt unknown
Patent Citations (5)
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KR20090002711A (ko) * | 2007-07-04 | 2009-01-09 | 순천대학교 산학협력단 | 무선 센서 네트워크를 이용한 병해충 예측 관리 시스템 |
KR20100127476A (ko) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-12-06 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | 병해충 관리 시스템 |
KR20110053762A (ko) * | 2009-11-16 | 2011-05-24 | 디비비전(주) | 과수재배 현장에서 촬영된 이미지로부터 해충의 종류 및 분포를 분석하는 병해충 관리 시스템 |
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WO2020051650A1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | SnapTrap Pty Ltd | System and method for automated phenology analysis |
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CN116453003A (zh) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 之江实验室 | 一种基于无人机监测智能识别水稻生长势的方法和系统 |
CN116453003B (zh) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-09-01 | 之江实验室 | 一种基于无人机监测智能识别水稻生长势的方法和系统 |
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