WO2021260946A1 - Double-shell tank - Google Patents

Double-shell tank Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021260946A1
WO2021260946A1 PCT/JP2020/025366 JP2020025366W WO2021260946A1 WO 2021260946 A1 WO2021260946 A1 WO 2021260946A1 JP 2020025366 W JP2020025366 W JP 2020025366W WO 2021260946 A1 WO2021260946 A1 WO 2021260946A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
inner tank
heat insulating
shell
double
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/025366
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
貴裕 山口
聡 堀野
哲 山口
友巳 熊野
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Priority to KR1020237001203A priority Critical patent/KR20230024370A/en
Priority to EP20941713.8A priority patent/EP4174360A4/en
Priority to CN202080102360.6A priority patent/CN115720615A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2020/025366 priority patent/WO2021260946A1/en
Publication of WO2021260946A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021260946A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/04—Large containers rigid spherical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/022—Laminated structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F17C2203/0341—Perlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the structure of a double-shell tank including an outer tank and an inner tank.
  • a double-shell tank has been known as a tank for storing a low-temperature liquid.
  • a double-shell tank is generally formed between an inner tank that substantially contains a low-temperature liquid, an outer tank that covers the inner tank from the outside at a predetermined interval, and an inner tank and an outer tank. It is provided with a heat insulating layer.
  • the heat insulating layer is formed of, for example, a granular heat insulating material filled between the inner tank and the outer tank, and pearlite is used as the granular heat insulating material.
  • the granular heat insulating material is filled so as to fill the space between the inner tank and the outer tank with the inner tank empty. Therefore, when a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank and the inner tank heat shrinks, the distance between the inner tank and the outer tank widens, and the granular heat insulating material filled between the inner tank and the outer tank can settle. There is sex. When the granular heat insulating material is settled, a space where the granular heat insulating material does not exist is created at the top of the double-shell tank, and the thickness of the heat insulating layer at the top of the tank is reduced.
  • the heat insulating property of the portion deteriorates. Due to the deterioration of heat insulation, the cold heat of the inner tank is transmitted to the outer tank, which may cause frost on the outer tank and cause corrosion of the outer tank. Further, if the amount of heat input to the inner tank increases due to the deterioration of the heat insulating property, the amount of boil-off gas of the low-temperature liquid increases, and the pressure in the inner tank may become excessive.
  • an inner heat insulating layer made of an elastic material (glass wool) that can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction of the inner tank and an outer heat insulating layer made of a filler (pearlite) are used. It has a heat insulating layer consisting of two layers, inside and outside. In this double-shell tank, the gap generated in the heat insulating layer due to the heat shrinkage of the inner tank is filled with the expanded elastic material, and the sedimentation of the filler is suppressed.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to form a heat insulating layer between an inner tank and an outer tank by a granular heat insulating material, and to form granules due to shrinkage deformation of the inner tank. It is an object of the present invention to provide a double-shell tank capable of maintaining a heat insulating layer having an appropriate thickness at the top of the tank even after the heat insulating material has settled.
  • the double shell tank according to one aspect of the present invention is A spherical shell-shaped inner tank with a storage unit that stores liquid in a sealed state,
  • the outer tank that covers the inner tank and A granular heat insulating material that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank and the inner wall of the outer tank to form a heat insulating layer is provided.
  • the size of the top gap between the inner tank and the outer tank when the inner tank is empty is the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank is the same as the empty state of the inner tank and the inner tank. It is characterized in that the value is equal to or more than the value obtained by adding the level difference of the granular heat insulating material from the state in which the tank contains the liquid.
  • the size of the top gap is larger than the size of the bottom gap, a heat insulating layer thicker than the bottom of the tank is formed on the top of the tank when the inner tank is empty. Then, when the low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank and the inner tank contracts, the gap between the inner tank and the outer tank widens, and the granular heat insulating material filled between the inner tank and the outer tank sinks. Even when the granular heat insulating material is settled, a heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness is maintained at the top of the tank.
  • the heat insulating layer is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank by the granular heat insulating material, and the tank is set even after the granular heat insulating material has settled due to the shrinkage deformation of the inner tank. It can be compatible with maintaining a heat insulating layer of appropriate thickness on the top.
  • the outer tank may have a spherical shell shape, and the center of the outer tank may be located above the center of the inner tank.
  • both the outer tank and the inner tank have a spherical shell shape with excellent strength, but the gap between the tops of the inner tank and the outer tank is formed.
  • the size can be made larger than the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank.
  • the outer tank is composed of a lower hemisphere shell portion, an upper hemisphere shell portion, and a tubular body portion connecting the lower hemisphere shell portion and the upper hemisphere shell portion.
  • the center of the tank and the center of the lower hemisphere shell portion may coincide with each other.
  • a heat insulating layer of a certain thickness is formed around it.
  • a heat insulating layer thicker than the heat insulating layer below the equator of the inner tank is formed around the equator.
  • the outer tank has a shape similar to that of a spherical shell, and the outer tank can be provided with sufficient strength.
  • the outer tank comprises a main body portion having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion provided at the top of the main body portion and filled with the granular heat insulating material, and serves as the center of the inner tank. It may be aligned with the center of the main body.
  • the dome portion filled with the granular heat insulating material is provided at the top of the main body portion of the outer tank, the inner tank contracts and deforms and is filled between the inner tank and the main body portion of the outer tank. Even if the granular heat insulating material is settled, the settling amount is supplemented by the granular heat insulating material filled in the dome portion. Therefore, even when the granular heat insulating material is settled, a heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness is maintained at the top of the tank.
  • a heat insulating layer is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank by the granular heat insulating material, and an appropriate thickness is applied to the top of the tank even after the granular heat insulating material has settled due to the shrinkage deformation of the inner tank. It is possible to provide a double-shell tank that is compatible with retaining a heat insulating layer.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a double-shell tank showing a state in which a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a double-shell tank showing a state in which a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a double-shell tank showing a state in which a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a low-temperature liquid 7 being supplied to the inner tank 2 shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the double shell tank 1A which shows the state.
  • the double-shell tank 1A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a tank for storing a low-temperature liquid 7 such as liquid hydrogen, liquid nitrogen, and liquefied natural gas.
  • the double shell tank 1A is installed on the hull, on the ground, or the like while being supported by a skirt or a support (not shown).
  • the double-shell tank 1A includes an inner tank 2, an outer tank 3 that covers the inner tank 2, a granular heat insulating material 4 that is filled between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer, and an inner tank 2.
  • a vacuum pump 6 for evacuating the space between the outer tank 3 and the outer tank 3 is provided.
  • the inner tank 2 has a hollow spherical shell shape, and is formed by welding, for example, a large number of SUS panels. Inside the inner tank 2, a storage unit 21 for storing the low temperature liquid 7 in a closed state is formed.
  • the inner tank 2 can tolerate shrinkage deformation and deformation recovery due to the temperature difference between the normal temperature at the time of tank construction and the low temperature at the time of accommodating the low temperature liquid 7.
  • the outer tank 3 has a hollow spherical shell shape that is one size larger than the inner tank 2, and is formed by welding, for example, a large number of steel plates.
  • the diameter of the outer tank 3 is larger than the diameter of the inner tank 2.
  • the inner tank 2 is supported by the outer tank 3 by a rod or the like (not shown) connecting between the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3.
  • the granular heat insulating material 4 is packed in a compact state in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inside of the outer tank 3.
  • the granular heat insulating material 4 is, for example, granular pearlite.
  • a known granular heat insulating material other than pearlite may be adopted.
  • the space between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 filled with the granular heat insulating material 4 is forcibly exhausted by the vacuum pump 6 and is almost in a vacuum state.
  • top gap G2 the gap between the inner wall of the outer tank 3 and the outer wall of the inner tank 2 on the tank center line C.
  • the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the top gap G2 is larger than the bottom gap G1. That is, the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the center 3c of the outer tank 3 is located above the center 2c of the inner tank 2.
  • the center 3c of the outer tank 3 is the center of the spherical shell shape of the outer tank 3, and the center 2c of the inner tank 2 is the center of the spherical shell shape of the inner tank 2.
  • the size L2 of the top gap G2 in the state where the inner tank 2 is empty accommodates the state where the inner tank 2 is empty (FIG. 1) and the low temperature liquid 7 in the size L1 of the bottom gap G1. It is equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ⁇ L of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state (FIG. 2). That is, the following equation 1 holds.
  • the "state in which the inner tank 2 contains the low temperature liquid 7" may be a state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is contained in the storage unit 21 up to a predetermined full load level (or up to an arbitrary reference liquid level). .. L2> L1 + ⁇ L ... (Equation 1)
  • the level difference ⁇ L that is, the amount of sedimentation of the granular heat insulating material 4) can be obtained by calculation or simulation.
  • the double-shell tank 1A includes a spherical shell-shaped inner tank 2 in which a storage portion 21 for storing the low-temperature liquid 7 in a sealed state is formed inside, and an inner tank 2.
  • the outer tank 3 to be covered and the granular heat insulating material 4 which is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer are provided.
  • the size L2 of the top gap G2 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 is the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and the inner tank 2 is empty and the inner tank 2 is empty. It is equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ⁇ L of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is contained.
  • the heat insulating layer is formed between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 by the granular heat insulating material 4, and the shrinkage deformation of the inner tank 2 is caused. Therefore, even after the granular heat insulating material 4 has settled, it is possible to maintain a heat insulating layer having an appropriate thickness L2'at the top of the tank at the same time.
  • the outer tank 3 has a spherical shell shape, and the center 3c of the outer tank 3 is located above the center 2c of the inner tank 2.
  • both the outer tank 3 and the inner tank 2 have a spherical shell shape having excellent strength, but the inner tank 2 and the inner tank 2
  • the size L2 of the top gap G2 with the outer tank 3 can be made larger than the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the empty double-shell tank 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the double shell tank 1B showing a state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is supplied to the inner tank 2 shown in FIG.
  • the same or similar members as those of the above-mentioned first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the double-shell tank 1B includes a spherical shell-shaped inner tank 2 in which a storage unit 21 for storing the low-temperature liquid 7 in a sealed state is formed inside.
  • the outer tank 3 that covers the inner tank 2 and the granular heat insulating material 4 that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer are provided.
  • the outer tank 3 includes a lower hemisphere shell portion 31, an upper hemisphere shell portion 32, and a tubular body portion 33 that connects the lower hemisphere shell portion 31 and the upper hemisphere shell portion 32 in the vertical direction.
  • the diameters of the lower hemisphere shell portion 31, the upper hemisphere shell portion 32, and the body portion 33 are equal, and the value thereof is larger than the diameter of the inner tank 2.
  • the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the center 2c of the inner tank 2 and the center 31c of the lower hemisphere shell portion 31 coincide with each other.
  • the inner tank 2 is supported by the outer tank 3 by a rod or the like (not shown) connecting between the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3.
  • the outer tank 3 connects the lower hemisphere shell portion 31, the upper hemisphere shell portion 32, the lower hemisphere shell portion 31 and the upper hemisphere shell portion 32. It is composed of a tubular body portion 33, and the center 2c of the inner tank 2 and the center 31c of the lower hemispherical shell portion 31 coincide with each other.
  • a heat insulating layer having a certain thickness is formed around the equator below the equator of the inner tank 2, and above the equator of the inner tank 2, the surrounding area is below the equator of the inner tank 2.
  • a heat insulating layer thicker than the heat insulating layer is formed. In this way, the size L2 of the top gap G2 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 becomes the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and the inner tank 2 is empty and inside.
  • a double-shell tank 1B having a value equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ⁇ L of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state in which the tank 2 contains the low-temperature liquid 7 is realized with a simple structure.
  • the inner tank 2 has a spherical shell shape and the outer tank 3 is not a spherical shell, the shape can be similar to that of a spherical shell, and the outer tank 3 can be provided with sufficient strength.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the empty double-shell tank 1C according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the double shell tank 1C showing a state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is supplied to the inner tank 2 shown in FIG.
  • the same or similar members as those of the above-mentioned first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the double shell tank 1C includes a spherical shell-shaped inner tank 2 in which a storage unit 21 for storing the low temperature liquid 7 in a sealed state is formed inside.
  • the outer tank 3 that covers the inner tank 2 and the granular heat insulating material 4 that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer are provided.
  • the outer tank 3 is composed of a main body portion 35 having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion 36 provided at the top of the main body portion 35.
  • the shape of the dome portion 36 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a shape in which the pod is turned upside down. Assuming that the dome portion 36 does not exist, the volume of the void generated at the top of the main body portion 35 due to the sedimentation of the granular heat insulating material 4 of the main body portion 35 due to the contraction deformation of the inner tank 2 is defined as ⁇ V.
  • the volume of the dome portion 36 is larger than ⁇ V. That is, the dome portion 36 is filled with the granular heat insulating material 4 having a volume larger than ⁇ V.
  • the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the center 2c of the inner tank 2 and the center 35c of the main body 35 coincide with each other.
  • the inner tank 2 is supported by the outer tank 3 by a rod or the like (not shown) connecting between the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3.
  • the outer tank 3 is composed of a main body portion 35 having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion 36 provided at the top of the main body portion 35.
  • the center 2c of the tank 2 and the center 35c of the main body 35 coincide with each other.
  • a dome portion 36 filled with a granular heat insulating material 4 is provided at the top of the three main outer tanks of the outer tank 3.
  • the size L2 of the top gap G2 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 becomes the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and the inner tank 2 is empty and inside.
  • a double-shell tank 1B having a value equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ⁇ L of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state in which the tank 2 contains the low-temperature liquid 7 is realized with a simple structure.
  • 1A, 1B, 1C Double shell tank 2: Inner tank 2c: Center of inner tank 3: Outer tank 3c: Center of outer tank 4: Granular heat insulating material 6: Vacuum pump 7: Low temperature liquid 21: Storage section 31: Bottom Hemispherical shell 31c: Center of lower hemisphere shell 32: Upper hemisphere shell 33: Body 35: Main body 35c: Center of main body 36: Dome C: Tank center line G1: Bottom gap G2: Top gap ⁇ L: Level difference

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Abstract

This double-shell tank comprises: a spherical shell-shaped inner tank formed therein with a storage section that stores a liquid in a sealed state; an outer tank that covers the inner tank; and a granular heat-insulating material that fills the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank and the inner wall of the outer tank, to form a heat-insulating layer. Additionally, the size of a top part gap between the inner tank and the outer tank is equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding, to the size of the bottom part gap between the inner tank and the outer tank, the level difference of the granular heat-insulating material between a state in which the inner tank is empty and a state in which the inner tank contains liquid.

Description

二重殻タンクDouble shell tank
　本発明は、外槽と内槽とを備える二重殻タンクの構造に関する。 The present invention relates to the structure of a double-shell tank including an outer tank and an inner tank.
　従来から、低温液体を貯蔵するタンクとして、二重殻タンクが知られている。二重殻タンクは、一般的に、低温液体を実質的に収容する内槽と、この内槽を所定の間隔を隔てて外側から覆う外槽と、内槽と外槽との間に形成された断熱層とを備える。断熱層は、例えば、内槽と外槽との間に充填された粒状断熱材で形成され、粒状断熱材としてはパーライトが使用される。 Conventionally, a double-shell tank has been known as a tank for storing a low-temperature liquid. A double-shell tank is generally formed between an inner tank that substantially contains a low-temperature liquid, an outer tank that covers the inner tank from the outside at a predetermined interval, and an inner tank and an outer tank. It is provided with a heat insulating layer. The heat insulating layer is formed of, for example, a granular heat insulating material filled between the inner tank and the outer tank, and pearlite is used as the granular heat insulating material.
　二重殻タンクの建造時に、内槽と外槽とが完成してから、内槽が空の状態で内槽と外槽との間を埋めるように粒状断熱材が充填される。そのため、内槽に低温液体が供給されて内槽が熱収縮すると、内槽と外槽との間隔が広がって、内槽と外槽との間に充填されている粒状断熱材が沈降する可能性がある。粒状断熱材が沈降した場合、二重殻タンクのタンク頂部に粒状断熱材の存在しない空間が生じ、タンク頂部の断熱層の厚さが低減する。二重殻タンクにおいて断熱層の厚さが不十分な箇所が生じると、その箇所の断熱性が低下する。断熱性の低下により、内槽の冷熱が外槽に伝わり、外槽に霜が付き、外槽の腐食を招くおそれがある。また、断熱性の低下により内槽への入熱量が増加すると、低温液体のボイルオフガス量が増加し、内槽の圧力が過剰となるおそれがある。 At the time of construction of the double shell tank, after the inner tank and the outer tank are completed, the granular heat insulating material is filled so as to fill the space between the inner tank and the outer tank with the inner tank empty. Therefore, when a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank and the inner tank heat shrinks, the distance between the inner tank and the outer tank widens, and the granular heat insulating material filled between the inner tank and the outer tank can settle. There is sex. When the granular heat insulating material is settled, a space where the granular heat insulating material does not exist is created at the top of the double-shell tank, and the thickness of the heat insulating layer at the top of the tank is reduced. If a portion of the double-shell tank has an insufficient thickness of the heat insulating layer, the heat insulating property of the portion deteriorates. Due to the deterioration of heat insulation, the cold heat of the inner tank is transmitted to the outer tank, which may cause frost on the outer tank and cause corrosion of the outer tank. Further, if the amount of heat input to the inner tank increases due to the deterioration of the heat insulating property, the amount of boil-off gas of the low-temperature liquid increases, and the pressure in the inner tank may become excessive.
　そこで、特許文献１の二重殻タンクでは、内槽の半径方向に伸縮可能な伸縮材（グラスウール）で形成された内側の断熱層と、充填材（パーライト）で形成された外側の断熱層との内外二層からなる断熱層を備える。この二重殻タンクでは、内槽の熱収縮によって断熱層に生じる隙間が膨張した伸縮材によって充たされ、充填材の沈降が抑制される。 Therefore, in the double-shell tank of Patent Document 1, an inner heat insulating layer made of an elastic material (glass wool) that can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction of the inner tank and an outer heat insulating layer made of a filler (pearlite) are used. It has a heat insulating layer consisting of two layers, inside and outside. In this double-shell tank, the gap generated in the heat insulating layer due to the heat shrinkage of the inner tank is filled with the expanded elastic material, and the sedimentation of the filler is suppressed.
特開２０１３－２３８２８５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-238285
　とりわけ屋外に設置された二重殻タンクでは日射によるタンク頂部への入熱量を抑えることが肝要である。それにも関わらず、内槽と外槽との間の断熱層が粒状断熱材によって形成されると、前述のように粒状断熱材の沈降によってタンク頂部の断熱性が低下する。 Especially in a double-shell tank installed outdoors, it is important to suppress the amount of heat input to the top of the tank due to solar radiation. Nevertheless, when the heat insulating layer between the inner tank and the outer tank is formed by the granular heat insulating material, the heat insulating property at the top of the tank is lowered due to the sedimentation of the granular heat insulating material as described above.
　上記特許文献１の二重殻タンクによれば、粒状断熱材（充填材）の沈降を抑制できるものの、パーライトと比較して高価なグラスウールを多用することからコストが嵩む。 According to the double-shell tank of Patent Document 1, although the sedimentation of the granular heat insulating material (filler) can be suppressed, the cost increases because glass wool, which is more expensive than pearlite, is used a lot.
　本発明は以上の事情に鑑みてされたものであり、その目的は、粒状断熱材によって内槽と外槽との間に断熱層を形成することと、内槽の収縮変形に起因して粒状断熱材が沈降した後もタンク頂部に適切な厚さの断熱層を保持することとを両立し得る二重殻タンクを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to form a heat insulating layer between an inner tank and an outer tank by a granular heat insulating material, and to form granules due to shrinkage deformation of the inner tank. It is an object of the present invention to provide a double-shell tank capable of maintaining a heat insulating layer having an appropriate thickness at the top of the tank even after the heat insulating material has settled.
　本発明の一態様に係る二重殻タンクは、
液体を密閉した状態で貯蔵する貯蔵部が内部に形成された球殻形状の内槽と、
前記内槽を覆う外槽と、
前記内槽の外壁及び前記外槽の内壁によって囲まれた空間に充填されて断熱層を形成する粒状断熱材とを、備え、
前記内槽が空の状態における前記内槽と前記外槽との頂部隙間の大きさが、前記内槽と前記外槽との底部隙間の大きさに、前記内槽が空の状態と前記内槽が前記液体を収容した状態との前記粒状断熱材のレベル差を加えた値以上であることを特徴としている。 The double shell tank according to one aspect of the present invention is
A spherical shell-shaped inner tank with a storage unit that stores liquid in a sealed state,
The outer tank that covers the inner tank and
A granular heat insulating material that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank and the inner wall of the outer tank to form a heat insulating layer is provided.
The size of the top gap between the inner tank and the outer tank when the inner tank is empty is the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank is the same as the empty state of the inner tank and the inner tank. It is characterized in that the value is equal to or more than the value obtained by adding the level difference of the granular heat insulating material from the state in which the tank contains the liquid.
　上記二重殻タンクによれば、頂部隙間の大きさが底部隙間の大きさよりも大きいことから、内槽が空の状態において、タンク頂部にタンク底部よりも厚い断熱層が形成されている。そして、内槽に低温液体が供給されて内槽が収縮すると、内槽と外槽との間隙が広がって、内槽と外槽との間に充填されている粒状断熱材が沈降するが、粒状断熱材が沈降した状態においても、タンク頂部に十分な厚さの断熱層が保持される。よって、上記二重殻タンクによれば、粒状断熱材によって内槽と外槽との間に断熱層を形成することと、内槽の収縮変形に起因して粒状断熱材が沈降した後もタンク頂部に適切な厚さの断熱層を保持することとを両立することができる。 According to the above double-shell tank, since the size of the top gap is larger than the size of the bottom gap, a heat insulating layer thicker than the bottom of the tank is formed on the top of the tank when the inner tank is empty. Then, when the low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank and the inner tank contracts, the gap between the inner tank and the outer tank widens, and the granular heat insulating material filled between the inner tank and the outer tank sinks. Even when the granular heat insulating material is settled, a heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness is maintained at the top of the tank. Therefore, according to the double-shell tank, the heat insulating layer is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank by the granular heat insulating material, and the tank is set even after the granular heat insulating material has settled due to the shrinkage deformation of the inner tank. It can be compatible with maintaining a heat insulating layer of appropriate thickness on the top.
　上記二重殻タンクにおいて、前記外槽が球殻形状を呈し、当該外槽の中心が前記内槽の中心よりも上方に位置していてよい。 In the double shell tank, the outer tank may have a spherical shell shape, and the center of the outer tank may be located above the center of the inner tank.
　このように、外槽の中心に対し内槽の中心を下方へ偏心させることによって、外槽と内槽を共に強度に優れた球殻形状としながらも、内槽と外槽との頂部隙間の大きさを内槽と外槽との底部隙間の大きさよりも大きくすることができる。 In this way, by eccentricizing the center of the inner tank downward with respect to the center of the outer tank, both the outer tank and the inner tank have a spherical shell shape with excellent strength, but the gap between the tops of the inner tank and the outer tank is formed. The size can be made larger than the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank.
　或いは、上記二重殻タンクにおいて、前記外槽が下半球殻部と、上半球殻部と、前記下半球殻部と前記上半球殻部とを繋ぐ筒形状の胴部とからなり、前記内槽の中心と前記下半球殻部の中心とが一致していてよい。 Alternatively, in the double shell tank, the outer tank is composed of a lower hemisphere shell portion, an upper hemisphere shell portion, and a tubular body portion connecting the lower hemisphere shell portion and the upper hemisphere shell portion. The center of the tank and the center of the lower hemisphere shell portion may coincide with each other.
　これにより、内槽の赤道より下方では、その周囲に一定厚さの断熱層が形成される。内槽の赤道より上方では、その周囲に内槽の赤道より下方の断熱層よりも厚い断熱層が形成される。そして、外槽は球殻に近い形状となり、外槽に十分な強度を備えることができる。 As a result, below the equator of the inner tank, a heat insulating layer of a certain thickness is formed around it. Above the equator of the inner tank, a heat insulating layer thicker than the heat insulating layer below the equator of the inner tank is formed around the equator. The outer tank has a shape similar to that of a spherical shell, and the outer tank can be provided with sufficient strength.
　或いは、上記二重殻タンクにおいて、前記外槽が、球殻形状を呈する本体部と、本体部の頂部に設けられ前記粒状断熱材が充填されたドーム部とからなり、前記内槽の中心と前記本体部の中心とが一致していてよい。 Alternatively, in the double shell tank, the outer tank comprises a main body portion having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion provided at the top of the main body portion and filled with the granular heat insulating material, and serves as the center of the inner tank. It may be aligned with the center of the main body.
　このように、外槽の本体部の頂部に粒状断熱材が充填されたドーム部が設けられているので、内槽が収縮変形して内槽と外槽の本体部との間に充填されている粒状断熱材が沈降しても、その沈降分がドーム部に充填されていた粒状断熱材によって補われる。よって、粒状断熱材が沈降した状態においても、タンク頂部に十分な厚さの断熱層が保持される。 In this way, since the dome portion filled with the granular heat insulating material is provided at the top of the main body portion of the outer tank, the inner tank contracts and deforms and is filled between the inner tank and the main body portion of the outer tank. Even if the granular heat insulating material is settled, the settling amount is supplemented by the granular heat insulating material filled in the dome portion. Therefore, even when the granular heat insulating material is settled, a heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness is maintained at the top of the tank.
　本発明によれば、粒状断熱材によって内槽と外槽との間に断熱層を形成することと、内槽の収縮変形に起因して粒状断熱材が沈降した後もタンク頂部に適切な厚さの断熱層を保持することとを両立し得る二重殻タンクを提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a heat insulating layer is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank by the granular heat insulating material, and an appropriate thickness is applied to the top of the tank even after the granular heat insulating material has settled due to the shrinkage deformation of the inner tank. It is possible to provide a double-shell tank that is compatible with retaining a heat insulating layer.
図１は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る空の二重殻タンクの全体的な構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、図１に示す内槽へ低温液体が供給された状態を示す二重殻タンクの断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a double-shell tank showing a state in which a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank shown in FIG. 図３は、本発明の第２実施形態に係る空の二重殻タンクの全体的な構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 図４は、図３に示す内槽へ低温液体が供給された状態を示す二重殻タンクの断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a double-shell tank showing a state in which a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank shown in FIG. 図５は、本発明の第３実施形態に係る空の二重殻タンクの全体的な構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 図６は、図５に示す内槽へ低温液体が供給された状態を示す二重殻タンクの断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a double-shell tank showing a state in which a low-temperature liquid is supplied to the inner tank shown in FIG.
〔第１実施形態〕
　次に、図面を参照して本発明の第１実施形態を説明する。図１は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る空の二重殻タンク１Ａの全体的な構成を示す断面図であり、図２は、図１に示す内槽２へ低温液体７が供給された状態を示す二重殻タンク１Ａの断面図である。 [First Embodiment]
Next, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an empty double-shell tank 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a low-temperature liquid 7 being supplied to the inner tank 2 shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the double shell tank 1A which shows the state.
　図１及び図２に示す二重殻タンク１Ａは、液体水素、液体窒素、液化天然ガス等の低温液体７を貯蔵するタンクである。二重殻タンク１Ａは、図示されないスカート又は支柱によって支持された状態で船体又は地上等に設置される。 The double-shell tank 1A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a tank for storing a low-temperature liquid 7 such as liquid hydrogen, liquid nitrogen, and liquefied natural gas. The double shell tank 1A is installed on the hull, on the ground, or the like while being supported by a skirt or a support (not shown).
　二重殻タンク１Ａは、内槽２と、内槽２を覆う外槽３と、内槽２と外槽３との間に充填されて断熱層を形成する粒状断熱材４と、内槽２と外槽３との間の空間を真空引きする真空ポンプ６とを備える。 The double-shell tank 1A includes an inner tank 2, an outer tank 3 that covers the inner tank 2, a granular heat insulating material 4 that is filled between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer, and an inner tank 2. A vacuum pump 6 for evacuating the space between the outer tank 3 and the outer tank 3 is provided.
　内槽２は、中空球殻形状を呈し、例えば、多数のＳＵＳ製パネルが溶接されて成る。内槽２の内部には、低温液体７を密閉した状態で貯蔵する貯蔵部２１が形成されている。内槽２は、タンク建造時の常温と低温液体７収容時の低温との温度差による収縮変形及び変形回復を許容し得る。 The inner tank 2 has a hollow spherical shell shape, and is formed by welding, for example, a large number of SUS panels. Inside the inner tank 2, a storage unit 21 for storing the low temperature liquid 7 in a closed state is formed. The inner tank 2 can tolerate shrinkage deformation and deformation recovery due to the temperature difference between the normal temperature at the time of tank construction and the low temperature at the time of accommodating the low temperature liquid 7.
　外槽３は、内槽２よりも一回り大きい中空球殻形状を呈し、例えば、多数の鋼板が溶接されて成る。外槽３の直径は、内槽２の直径よりも大きい。内槽２は、内槽２の外壁と外槽３の内壁との間を接続する図示されないロッド等によって、外槽３に支持される。 The outer tank 3 has a hollow spherical shell shape that is one size larger than the inner tank 2, and is formed by welding, for example, a large number of steel plates. The diameter of the outer tank 3 is larger than the diameter of the inner tank 2. The inner tank 2 is supported by the outer tank 3 by a rod or the like (not shown) connecting between the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3.
　粒状断熱材４は、内槽２の外壁及び外槽３の内によって囲まれた空間に圧密状態で充填されている。粒状断熱材４は、例えば、粒状のパーライトである。但し、粒状断熱材４は、パーライト以外の公知の粒状断熱材が採用されてよい。 The granular heat insulating material 4 is packed in a compact state in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inside of the outer tank 3. The granular heat insulating material 4 is, for example, granular pearlite. However, as the granular heat insulating material 4, a known granular heat insulating material other than pearlite may be adopted.
　内槽２と外槽３との間において粒状断熱材４が充填された空間は、真空ポンプ６によって強制排気され、ほぼ真空状態とされている。このように粒状断熱材４が充填された空間がほぼ真空状態とされることで、断熱効果が更に高められる。 The space between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 filled with the granular heat insulating material 4 is forcibly exhausted by the vacuum pump 6 and is almost in a vacuum state. By making the space filled with the granular heat insulating material 4 into a substantially vacuum state in this way, the heat insulating effect is further enhanced.
　外槽３の中心３ｃを通る鉛直線と、内槽２の中心２ｃを通る鉛直線とは、二重殻タンク１Ａのタンク中心線Ｃと一致する。タンク底部において、タンク中心線Ｃ上における外槽３の内壁と内槽２の外壁との隙間を「底部隙間Ｇ１」と称する。また、タンク頂部において、タンク中心線Ｃ上における外槽３の内壁と内槽２の外壁との隙間を「頂部隙間Ｇ２」と称する。 The vertical line passing through the center 3c of the outer tank 3 and the vertical line passing through the center 2c of the inner tank 2 coincide with the tank center line C of the double-shell tank 1A. At the bottom of the tank, the gap between the inner wall of the outer tank 3 and the outer wall of the inner tank 2 on the tank center line C is referred to as "bottom gap G1". Further, at the top of the tank, the gap between the inner wall of the outer tank 3 and the outer wall of the inner tank 2 on the tank center line C is referred to as "top gap G2".
　本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ａでは、底部隙間Ｇ１よりも頂部隙間Ｇ２が大きくなるように、内槽２と外槽３とが配置されている。つまり、外槽３の中心３ｃが内槽２の中心２ｃよりも上方に位置するように、内槽２と外槽３とが配置されている。なお、外槽３の中心３ｃとは、外槽３の球殻形状の中心であり、内槽２の中心２ｃとは、内槽２の球殻形状の中心である。 In the double shell tank 1A according to the present embodiment, the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the top gap G2 is larger than the bottom gap G1. That is, the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the center 3c of the outer tank 3 is located above the center 2c of the inner tank 2. The center 3c of the outer tank 3 is the center of the spherical shell shape of the outer tank 3, and the center 2c of the inner tank 2 is the center of the spherical shell shape of the inner tank 2.
　そして、内槽２が空の状態における頂部隙間Ｇ２の大きさＬ２は、底部隙間Ｇ１の大きさＬ１に、内槽２が空の状態（図１）と内槽２が低温液体７を収容した状態（図２）との粒状断熱材４のレベル差ΔＬを加えた値以上である。つまり、次式１が成立する。なお、「内槽２が低温液体７を収容した状態」とは、所定の満載液位まで（或いは、任意の基準液位まで）貯蔵部２１に低温液体７が収容された状態であってよい。
Ｌ２＞Ｌ１＋ΔＬ・・・（式１）
レベル差ΔＬ（即ち、粒状断熱材４の沈降量）は、計算やシミュレーションにより求めることができる。 The size L2 of the top gap G2 in the state where the inner tank 2 is empty accommodates the state where the inner tank 2 is empty (FIG. 1) and the low temperature liquid 7 in the size L1 of the bottom gap G1. It is equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ΔL of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state (FIG. 2). That is, the following equation 1 holds. The "state in which the inner tank 2 contains the low temperature liquid 7" may be a state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is contained in the storage unit 21 up to a predetermined full load level (or up to an arbitrary reference liquid level). ..
L2> L1 + ΔL ... (Equation 1)
The level difference ΔL (that is, the amount of sedimentation of the granular heat insulating material 4) can be obtained by calculation or simulation.
　以上に説明した通り、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ａは、低温液体７を密閉した状態で貯蔵する貯蔵部２１が内部に形成された球殻形状の内槽２と、内槽２を覆う外槽３と、内槽２の外壁及び外槽３の内壁によって囲まれた空間に充填されて断熱層を形成する粒状断熱材４とを、備える。そして、内槽２と外槽３との頂部隙間Ｇ２の大きさＬ２が、内槽２と外槽３との底部隙間Ｇ１の大きさＬ１に、内槽２が空の状態と内槽２が低温液体７を収容した状態との粒状断熱材４のレベル差ΔＬを加えた値以上である。 As described above, the double-shell tank 1A according to the present embodiment includes a spherical shell-shaped inner tank 2 in which a storage portion 21 for storing the low-temperature liquid 7 in a sealed state is formed inside, and an inner tank 2. The outer tank 3 to be covered and the granular heat insulating material 4 which is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer are provided. Then, the size L2 of the top gap G2 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 is the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and the inner tank 2 is empty and the inner tank 2 is empty. It is equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ΔL of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is contained.
　上記二重殻タンク１Ａでは、頂部隙間Ｇ２の大きさＬ２が底部隙間Ｇ１の大きさＬ１よりも大きいことから、内槽２が空の状態において、タンク頂部にタンク底部よりも厚い断熱層が形成されている（図１、参照）。そして、内槽２に低温液体７が供給されて内槽２が収縮すると、内槽２と外槽３との間隙が広がって、内槽２と外槽３との間に充填されている粒状断熱材４が沈降するが、粒状断熱材４が沈降した状態においても、タンク頂部に十分な厚さＬ２’の断熱層が保持される（図２、参照）。 In the double shell tank 1A, since the size L2 of the top gap G2 is larger than the size L1 of the bottom gap G1, a heat insulating layer thicker than the bottom of the tank is formed on the top of the tank when the inner tank 2 is empty. (See Figure 1). Then, when the low temperature liquid 7 is supplied to the inner tank 2 and the inner tank 2 contracts, the gap between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 widens, and the granules filled between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are filled. Although the heat insulating material 4 is settled, a heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness L2'is maintained at the top of the tank even when the granular heat insulating material 4 is settled (see FIG. 2).
　このように、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ａによれば、粒状断熱材４によって内槽２と外槽３との間に断熱層を形成することと、内槽２の収縮変形に起因して粒状断熱材４が沈降した後もタンク頂部に適切な厚さＬ２’の断熱層を保持することとを両立することができる。 As described above, according to the double-shell tank 1A according to the present embodiment, the heat insulating layer is formed between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 by the granular heat insulating material 4, and the shrinkage deformation of the inner tank 2 is caused. Therefore, even after the granular heat insulating material 4 has settled, it is possible to maintain a heat insulating layer having an appropriate thickness L2'at the top of the tank at the same time.
　また、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ａでは、外槽３が球殻形状を呈し、当該外槽３の中心３ｃが内槽２の中心２ｃよりも上方に位置する。 Further, in the double shell tank 1A according to the present embodiment, the outer tank 3 has a spherical shell shape, and the center 3c of the outer tank 3 is located above the center 2c of the inner tank 2.
　このように、外槽３の中心３ｃに対し内槽２の中心２ｃを下方へ偏心させることによって、外槽３と内槽２を共に強度に優れた球殻形状としながらも、内槽２と外槽３との頂部隙間Ｇ２の大きさＬ２を内槽２と外槽３との底部隙間Ｇ１の大きさＬ１よりも大きくすることができる。 In this way, by eccentricizing the center 2c of the inner tank 2 downward with respect to the center 3c of the outer tank 3, both the outer tank 3 and the inner tank 2 have a spherical shell shape having excellent strength, but the inner tank 2 and the inner tank 2 The size L2 of the top gap G2 with the outer tank 3 can be made larger than the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3.
〔第２実施形態〕
　次に、本発明の第２実施形態を説明する。図３は、本発明の第２実施形態に係る空の二重殻タンク１Ｂの全体的な構成を示す断面図である。図４は、図３に示す内槽２へ低温液体７が供給された状態を示す二重殻タンク１Ｂの断面図である。なお、本実施形態の説明においては、前述の第１実施形態と同一又は類似の部材には図面に同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。 [Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the empty double-shell tank 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the double shell tank 1B showing a state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is supplied to the inner tank 2 shown in FIG. In the description of the present embodiment, the same or similar members as those of the above-mentioned first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
　図３及び図４に示すように、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ｂは、低温液体７を密閉した状態で貯蔵する貯蔵部２１が内部に形成された球殻形状の内槽２と、内槽２を覆う外槽３と、内槽２の外壁及び外槽３の内壁によって囲まれた空間に充填されて断熱層を形成する粒状断熱材４とを備える。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the double-shell tank 1B according to the present embodiment includes a spherical shell-shaped inner tank 2 in which a storage unit 21 for storing the low-temperature liquid 7 in a sealed state is formed inside. The outer tank 3 that covers the inner tank 2 and the granular heat insulating material 4 that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer are provided.
　外槽３は、下半球殻部３１と、上半球殻部３２と、下半球殻部３１と上半球殻部３２とを上下方向に繋ぐ筒形状の胴部３３とからなる。下半球殻部３１、上半球殻部３２、及び胴部３３の直径は等しく、その値は内槽２の直径よりも大きい。 The outer tank 3 includes a lower hemisphere shell portion 31, an upper hemisphere shell portion 32, and a tubular body portion 33 that connects the lower hemisphere shell portion 31 and the upper hemisphere shell portion 32 in the vertical direction. The diameters of the lower hemisphere shell portion 31, the upper hemisphere shell portion 32, and the body portion 33 are equal, and the value thereof is larger than the diameter of the inner tank 2.
　内槽２と外槽３とは、内槽２の中心２ｃと下半球殻部３１の中心３１ｃとが一致するように配置される。内槽２は、内槽２の外壁と外槽３の内壁との間を接続する図示されないロッド等によって、外槽３に支持される。 The inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the center 2c of the inner tank 2 and the center 31c of the lower hemisphere shell portion 31 coincide with each other. The inner tank 2 is supported by the outer tank 3 by a rod or the like (not shown) connecting between the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3.
　以上に説明した通り、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ｂでは、外槽３が下半球殻部３１と、上半球殻部３２と、下半球殻部３１と上半球殻部３２とを繋ぐ筒形状の胴部３３とからなり、内槽２の中心２ｃと下半球殻部３１の中心３１ｃとが一致している。 As described above, in the double shell tank 1B according to the present embodiment, the outer tank 3 connects the lower hemisphere shell portion 31, the upper hemisphere shell portion 32, the lower hemisphere shell portion 31 and the upper hemisphere shell portion 32. It is composed of a tubular body portion 33, and the center 2c of the inner tank 2 and the center 31c of the lower hemispherical shell portion 31 coincide with each other.
　上記二重殻タンク１Ｂでは、内槽２の赤道より下方では、その周囲に一定厚さの断熱層が形成され、内槽２の赤道より上方では、その周囲に内槽２の赤道より下方の断熱層よりも厚い断熱層が形成される。このようにして、内槽２と外槽３との頂部隙間Ｇ２の大きさＬ２が、内槽２と外槽３との底部隙間Ｇ１の大きさＬ１に、内槽２が空の状態と内槽２が低温液体７を収容した状態との粒状断熱材４のレベル差ΔＬを加えた値以上となる二重殻タンク１Ｂを単純な構造で実現している。しかも、内槽２は球殻形状であり、外槽３も球殻ではないものの、球殻に近い形状とすることができ、外槽３に十分な強度を備えることができる。 In the double-shell tank 1B, a heat insulating layer having a certain thickness is formed around the equator below the equator of the inner tank 2, and above the equator of the inner tank 2, the surrounding area is below the equator of the inner tank 2. A heat insulating layer thicker than the heat insulating layer is formed. In this way, the size L2 of the top gap G2 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 becomes the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and the inner tank 2 is empty and inside. A double-shell tank 1B having a value equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ΔL of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state in which the tank 2 contains the low-temperature liquid 7 is realized with a simple structure. Moreover, although the inner tank 2 has a spherical shell shape and the outer tank 3 is not a spherical shell, the shape can be similar to that of a spherical shell, and the outer tank 3 can be provided with sufficient strength.
〔第３実施形態〕
　次に、本発明の第３実施形態を説明する。図５は、本発明の第３実施形態に係る空の二重殻タンク１Ｃの全体的な構成を示す断面図である。図６は、図５に示す内槽２へ低温液体７が供給された状態を示す二重殻タンク１Ｃの断面図である。なお、本実施形態の説明においては、前述の第１実施形態と同一又は類似の部材には図面に同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。 [Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the empty double-shell tank 1C according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the double shell tank 1C showing a state in which the low temperature liquid 7 is supplied to the inner tank 2 shown in FIG. In the description of the present embodiment, the same or similar members as those of the above-mentioned first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
　図５及び図６に示すように、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ｃは、低温液体７を密閉した状態で貯蔵する貯蔵部２１が内部に形成された球殻形状の内槽２と、内槽２を覆う外槽３と、内槽２の外壁及び外槽３の内壁によって囲まれた空間に充填されて断熱層を形成する粒状断熱材４とを備える。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the double shell tank 1C according to the present embodiment includes a spherical shell-shaped inner tank 2 in which a storage unit 21 for storing the low temperature liquid 7 in a sealed state is formed inside. The outer tank 3 that covers the inner tank 2 and the granular heat insulating material 4 that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3 to form a heat insulating layer are provided.
　外槽３は、球殻形状を呈する本体部３５と、本体部３５の頂部に設けられたドーム部３６とからなる。ドーム部３６の形状は特に限定されないが、例えば、ポッドを上下逆にした形状であってよい。ドーム部３６が存在しないと仮定した場合に、内槽２の収縮変形に伴って本体部３５の粒状断熱材４が沈降することにより、本体部３５の頂部に生じる空隙の体積をΔＶとする。ドーム部３６の容積は、ΔＶよりも大きい。つまり、ドーム部３６には、ΔＶよりも大きな体積の粒状断熱材４が充填される。 The outer tank 3 is composed of a main body portion 35 having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion 36 provided at the top of the main body portion 35. The shape of the dome portion 36 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a shape in which the pod is turned upside down. Assuming that the dome portion 36 does not exist, the volume of the void generated at the top of the main body portion 35 due to the sedimentation of the granular heat insulating material 4 of the main body portion 35 due to the contraction deformation of the inner tank 2 is defined as ΔV. The volume of the dome portion 36 is larger than ΔV. That is, the dome portion 36 is filled with the granular heat insulating material 4 having a volume larger than ΔV.
　内槽２と外槽３とは、内槽２の中心２ｃと本体部３５の中心３５ｃとが一致するように配置される。内槽２は、内槽２の外壁と外槽３の内壁との間を接続する図示されないロッド等によって、外槽３に支持される。 The inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 are arranged so that the center 2c of the inner tank 2 and the center 35c of the main body 35 coincide with each other. The inner tank 2 is supported by the outer tank 3 by a rod or the like (not shown) connecting between the outer wall of the inner tank 2 and the inner wall of the outer tank 3.
　以上に説明した通り、本実施形態に係る二重殻タンク１Ｃでは、外槽３が、球殻形状を呈する本体部３５と、本体部３５の頂部に設けられたドーム部３６とからなり、内槽２の中心２ｃと本体部３５の中心３５ｃとが一致している。 As described above, in the double shell tank 1C according to the present embodiment, the outer tank 3 is composed of a main body portion 35 having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion 36 provided at the top of the main body portion 35. The center 2c of the tank 2 and the center 35c of the main body 35 coincide with each other.
　上記二重殻タンク１Ｃでは、外槽３の本外槽３体部の頂部に粒状断熱材４が充填されたドーム部３６が設けられている。このようにして、内槽２と外槽３との頂部隙間Ｇ２の大きさＬ２が、内槽２と外槽３との底部隙間Ｇ１の大きさＬ１に、内槽２が空の状態と内槽２が低温液体７を収容した状態との粒状断熱材４のレベル差ΔＬを加えた値以上となる二重殻タンク１Ｂを単純な構造で実現している。 In the double shell tank 1C, a dome portion 36 filled with a granular heat insulating material 4 is provided at the top of the three main outer tanks of the outer tank 3. In this way, the size L2 of the top gap G2 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 becomes the size L1 of the bottom gap G1 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and the inner tank 2 is empty and inside. A double-shell tank 1B having a value equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the level difference ΔL of the granular heat insulating material 4 from the state in which the tank 2 contains the low-temperature liquid 7 is realized with a simple structure.
　そして、上記二重殻タンク１Ｃでは、内槽２が収縮変形して内槽２と外槽３の本体部３５との間に充填されている粒状断熱材４が沈降しても、その沈降分がドーム部３６に充填されていた粒状断熱材４によって補われる。よって、粒状断熱材４が沈降した状態においても、タンク頂部に十分な厚さＬ２’の断熱層が保持される。 Then, in the double shell tank 1C, even if the inner tank 2 contracts and deforms and the granular heat insulating material 4 filled between the inner tank 2 and the main body portion 35 of the outer tank 3 settles, the settling amount thereof. Is supplemented by the granular heat insulating material 4 filled in the dome portion 36. Therefore, even when the granular heat insulating material 4 is settled, a heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness L2'is maintained at the top of the tank.
　以上に本発明の好適な実施の形態を説明したが、本発明の思想を逸脱しない範囲で、上記実施形態の具体的な構造及び／又は機能の詳細を変更したものも本発明に含まれ得る。 Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention may include modified details of the specific structure and / or function of the above embodiment without departing from the idea of the present invention. ..
１Ａ，１Ｂ，１Ｃ　　：二重殻タンク
２　　　：内槽
２ｃ　　：内槽の中心
３　　　：外槽
３ｃ　　：外槽の中心
４　　　：粒状断熱材
６　　　：真空ポンプ
７　　　：低温液体
２１　　：貯蔵部
３１　　：下半球殻部
３１ｃ　：下半球殻部の中心
３２　　：上半球殻部
３３　　：胴部
３５　　：本体部
３５ｃ　：本体部の中心
３６　　：ドーム部
Ｃ　　　：タンク中心線
Ｇ１　　：底部隙間
Ｇ２　　：頂部隙間
ΔＬ　　：レベル差 1A, 1B, 1C: Double shell tank 2: Inner tank 2c: Center of inner tank 3: Outer tank 3c: Center of outer tank 4: Granular heat insulating material 6: Vacuum pump 7: Low temperature liquid 21: Storage section 31: Bottom Hemispherical shell 31c: Center of lower hemisphere shell 32: Upper hemisphere shell 33: Body 35: Main body 35c: Center of main body 36: Dome C: Tank center line G1: Bottom gap G2: Top gap ΔL: Level difference

Claims (4)

  1. 　液体を密閉した状態で貯蔵する貯蔵部が内部に形成された球殻形状の内槽と、
    　前記内槽を覆う外槽と、
    　前記内槽の外壁及び前記外槽の内壁によって囲まれた空間に充填されて断熱層を形成する粒状断熱材とを、備え、
    　前記内槽が空の状態における前記内槽と前記外槽との頂部隙間の大きさが、前記内槽と前記外槽との底部隙間の大きさに、前記内槽が空の状態と前記内槽が前記液体を収容した状態との前記粒状断熱材のレベル差を加えた値以上である、
    二重殻タンク。     A spherical shell-shaped inner tank with a storage unit that stores liquid in a sealed state, and
    The outer tank that covers the inner tank and
    A granular heat insulating material that is filled in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the inner tank and the inner wall of the outer tank to form a heat insulating layer is provided.
    The size of the top gap between the inner tank and the outer tank when the inner tank is empty is the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the size of the bottom gap between the inner tank and the outer tank is the same as the empty state of the inner tank and the inner tank. It is equal to or more than the value obtained by adding the level difference of the granular heat insulating material from the state in which the tank contains the liquid.
    Double shell tank.
  2. 　前記外槽が球殻形状を呈し、当該外槽の中心が前記内槽の中心よりも上方に位置する、請求項１に記載の二重殻タンク。 The double-shell tank according to claim 1, wherein the outer tank has a spherical shell shape, and the center of the outer tank is located above the center of the inner tank.
  3. 　前記外槽が下半球殻部と、上半球殻部と、前記下半球殻部と前記上半球殻部とを繋ぐ筒形状の胴部とからなり、前記内槽の中心と前記下半球殻部の中心とが一致する、
    請求項１に記載の二重殻タンク。     The outer tank is composed of a lower hemisphere shell portion, an upper hemisphere shell portion, and a tubular body portion connecting the lower hemisphere shell portion and the upper hemisphere shell portion, and the center of the inner tank and the lower hemisphere shell portion. Matches the center of
    The double shell tank according to claim 1.
  4. 　前記外槽が、球殻形状を呈する本体部と、本体部の頂部に設けられ前記粒状断熱材が充填されたドーム部とからなり、前記内槽の中心と前記本体部の中心とが一致する、
    請求項１に記載の二重殻タンク。     The outer tank is composed of a main body portion having a spherical shell shape and a dome portion provided on the top of the main body portion and filled with the granular heat insulating material, and the center of the inner tank and the center of the main body portion coincide with each other. ,
    The double shell tank according to claim 1.
PCT/JP2020/025366 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Double-shell tank WO2021260946A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

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KR1020237001203A KR20230024370A (en) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 double angle tank
EP20941713.8A EP4174360A4 (en) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Double-shell tank
CN202080102360.6A CN115720615A (en) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Double-layer shell can
PCT/JP2020/025366 WO2021260946A1 (en) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Double-shell tank

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PCT/JP2020/025366 WO2021260946A1 (en) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Double-shell tank

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JPH07243590A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-19 Teisan Kk Heat insulating dual container
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US20030029877A1 (en) * 2001-07-30 2003-02-13 Mathur Virendra K. Insulated vessel for storing cold fluids and insulation method
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