WO2021260801A1 - Bearing wall of wooden house - Google Patents

Bearing wall of wooden house Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021260801A1
WO2021260801A1 PCT/JP2020/024616 JP2020024616W WO2021260801A1 WO 2021260801 A1 WO2021260801 A1 WO 2021260801A1 JP 2020024616 W JP2020024616 W JP 2020024616W WO 2021260801 A1 WO2021260801 A1 WO 2021260801A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
window
bearing wall
structural plywood
wooden house
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/024616
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
亨 紀本
Original Assignee
積水ハウス株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 積水ハウス株式会社 filed Critical 積水ハウス株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/024616 priority Critical patent/WO2021260801A1/en
Priority to AU2020356794A priority patent/AU2020356794A1/en
Priority to GB2019295.1A priority patent/GB2600779A/en
Priority to US17/286,974 priority patent/US20220307259A1/en
Publication of WO2021260801A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021260801A1/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/2612Joist hangers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E04B2/706Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function
    • E04B2/707Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function obturation by means of panels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/388Separate connecting elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2644Brackets, gussets or joining plates
    • E04B2001/2648Brackets, gussets or joining plates located in slots of the elongated wooden members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2652Details of nailing, screwing, or bolting
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/266Socket type connectors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/268Connection to foundations
    • E04B2001/2684Connection to foundations with metal connectors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/388Separate connecting elements
    • E04B2001/389Brackets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bearing wall of a wooden house that can maintain good earthquake resistance while allowing the installation of windows.
  • bearing walls are provided to meet the required amount of walls so that they can withstand horizontal forces during earthquakes and typhoons.
  • This type of bearing wall can be made by bridging the openings between adjacent columns in the framework or by attaching structural plywood so as to cover the entire opening between the adjacent columns in the framework. It is configured.
  • Patent Document 1 a bearing wall capable of installing a window while maintaining good seismic resistance has been proposed.
  • a seismic glass unit panel formed by integrating the base wood and the glass plate so that external force can be transmitted to each other is attached to the window installation opening formed between the adjacent pillars in the framework, and the glass is attached.
  • the window to be installed in the window installation opening is limited to a structure in which a base wood and a glass plate, such as a fitted window, are integrated so as to be able to transmit external force to each other.
  • a base wood and a glass plate such as a fitted window
  • one or a plurality of beam members 11 serving as window lintels or window stands are laid between the intermediate portions of the adjacent pillar members 3 in the frame 2 of the wooden house.
  • a plurality of openings 13 and 14 are vertically partitioned between the adjacent pillar members 3, and the remaining openings 14 other than the window installation opening 13 among the openings 13 and 14 are formed.
  • the structural plywood 50 is attached so that both ends of the beam member 11 are fastened to the intermediate portion of the adjacent pillar member 3 via the joining metal fitting 20, and the circumference of the structural plywood 50 is peripheral.
  • the end portion is fixed to the opening 14 with a nail or a screw.
  • the beam member 11 has a beam back of 150 mm and a beam width of 120 mm. Further, by driving nails or screws at a rate of 9 per 1 m along the peripheral end portion of the structural plywood 50, the peripheral end portion of the structural plywood 50 is fixed to the opening 14 with nails or screws. ing. Further, the horizontal frame members 10 and 12 having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the beam member 11 are bridged between the upper ends or the lower ends of the adjacent pillar members 3, and the horizontal frame members 10 and 12 are connected to the window 40. It is used as a base for installation or fixing of structural plywood 50 with nails or screws.
  • a beam material (structural material) is used as a window lintel or a window sill, and both ends of the beam material are tied to the middle part of the adjacent column material in the framework via a metal joint.
  • the peripheral end of the structural plywood is fixed to the opening with nails or screws, it is possible to increase the resistance to horizontal force during an earthquake or typhoon, and it is installed in the window installation opening. Seismic resistance can be maintained well regardless of the type of window.
  • the cross-sectional area of the beam material is increased (beam back 150 mm x beam width 120 mm) to prevent the beam material itself and the joint between the beam material and the column material from being damaged, or a nail or a nail for fixing the structural plywood.
  • the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the beam material used as the window lintel or the window sill, which makes it possible to reduce the material cost.
  • the bearing wall 1 of the wooden house has a window lintel as a horizontal frame member between the upper ends of adjacent pillars 3 constituting the framework 2.
  • the lintel 10 is bridged, and the beam member 11 to be a window sill is bridged between the intermediate portions of the adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2, and the lower end portion of the adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2.
  • a base material 12 as a horizontal frame material is bridged between them, and two openings 13 and 14 are vertically partitioned between the adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2.
  • the upper end portion of the column member 3 is fixed to the beam member 4 constituting the framework 1 via the stigma metal fitting 15, and the lower end portion of the column member 3 is via the column base metal fitting 16. It is fixed to the rising part of the cloth foundation 5.
  • the window lintel 10 is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross-sectional height of 60 mm and a horizontal width of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are fixed to the upper ends of adjacent pillars 3 with nails or screws.
  • the base material 12 is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross section height of 60 mm and a horizontal width of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are fixed to the lower ends of adjacent pillar materials 3 with nails or screws. ..
  • the beam material 11 serving as a window sill is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross-sectional height (beam back) of 150 mm and a horizontal width (beam width) of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are adjacent intermediate portions of the pillar material 3. It is tied to the joint via the metal joint 20.
  • the metal joint 20 is formed by bending a metal plate into a U-shape in a plan view, and has a plate-shaped pillar-side fixing portion 23 and the pillar-side fixing portion 23 in the vertical direction. It is provided with a pair of left and right plate-shaped beam-side fixing portions 24 protruding from both ends along the line. A plurality of bolt insertion holes 25 are formed in the pillar-side fixing portion 23 at intervals in the vertical direction.
  • the beam-side fixing portion 24 is formed with a substantially V-shaped pin receiving groove 26 that opens upward and a pin insertion hole 27 that are spaced apart in the vertical direction.
  • the pillar material 3 and the beam material 11 serving as a window sill are tied together using the metal joint 20 as follows.
  • a pair of bolt through holes 30 are formed in the middle portion of the pillar member 3 at intervals in the vertical direction.
  • a pair of slits 31 open to the upper and lower surfaces and the end surface thereof are formed at intervals in the lateral direction.
  • a pair of pin through holes 32 are formed at the end of the beam member 11 at intervals in the vertical direction so as to be orthogonal to the slit 31.
  • the pillar-side fixing portion 23 of the metal joint 20 is brought into contact with the intermediate portion of the pillar material 3 so that the bolt insertion hole 25 is overlapped with the bolt through hole 30 of the pillar material 3.
  • the bolt 35 is inserted into the bolt through hole 30 and the bolt insertion hole 25 that coincide with each other, and the nut 36 is screwed and tightened at the tip of the bolt 35 to join to the intermediate portion of the pillar material 3.
  • the pillar-side fixing portion 23 of the hardware 20 is fixed.
  • the end portion of the beam member 11 is brought into contact with the intermediate portion of the column member 3 by inserting the beam side fixing portion 24 of the metal joint 20 into the slit 31 thereof.
  • the drift pin 37 is inserted in advance into the pin through hole 32 on the upper side of the beam material 11, and the drift pin 37 is dropped into the pin receiving groove 26 of the beam side fixing portion 24 to lower the beam material 11.
  • the beam member 11 is temporarily fixed to the beam side fixing portion 24 so that the pin through hole 32 and the pin insertion hole 27 of the beam side fixing portion 24 coincide with each other.
  • the end portion of the beam member 11 is fixed to the beam side fixing portion 24 of the metal joint 20 by inserting the drift pin 37 into the pin through hole 32 and the pin insertion hole 27 that coincide with each other.
  • the intermediate portion of the column member 3 and the end portion of the beam member 11 are tied together via the metal joint 20.
  • the upper opening 13 is composed of a square frame-shaped portion surrounded by an adjacent pillar member 3, a window lintel 10, and a beam member 11 serving as a window base, and the upper opening is formed thereof.
  • a window 40 is installed in the portion 13. That is, the upper opening 13 is a window installation opening.
  • the window 40 is a sliding window in which a pair of shoji screens 42 are slidably attached to a window frame 41, and is fitted into a window installation opening 13 and nailed or screwed. It is installed by fixing it.
  • the window 40 is not limited to a sliding window, and may be any kind of window such as a sash window, a sash window, a casement window, a folding window, and a bay window.
  • the lower opening 14 is composed of an adjacent pillar material 3, a beam material 11 serving as a window sill, and a square frame-shaped portion surrounded by a base material 12, and the lower opening 14 is formed below the square frame-shaped portion.
  • a half column 45 and a stud 46 are extended between the beam member 11 and the base material 12 and a rectangular structural plywood 50 is attached to the opening 14.
  • the upper and lower ends of the half columns 45 and the studs 46 are fixed to the beam member 11 and the base material 12 by nails or screws, but they may be fixed via metal joints.
  • the structural plywood 50 has a lower opening 14, that is, an adjacent pillar member 3, and a beam that becomes a window sill by driving nails 51 at a rate of 9 nails per 1 m (about 120 mm pitch) along the peripheral end portion thereof. It is nailed and fixed to the material 11 and the base material 12. Further, a nail 51 is appropriately driven into a portion of the structural plywood 50 where the half pillar 45 and the stud 46 come into contact with each other, and the nail 51 is also nailed and fixed to the half pillar 45 and the stud 46.
  • a small gap 47 is provided between the beam member 4 constituting the framework 2 and the window lintel 10, and the beam member 4 and the window lintel 10 are formed so as to close the gap 47.
  • a strip-shaped plywood 52 straddles and is fixed by nailing.
  • a beam material 11 which is a structural material having a large cross-sectional area is used as a window base, and both ends of the beam material 11 are intermediate between the adjacent pillar materials 3 in the framework 2. Since the joint is tightly connected to the portion via the joint metal fitting 20, the beam material 11 itself and the joint portion between the beam material 11 and the pillar material 3 are less likely to be destroyed. Moreover, since the structural plywood 50 is nailed and fixed to the lower opening 14 with a coarse nail pitch (at a pitch of about 120 mm), the load on the bearing wall 1 is suppressed from rising too much.
  • the window lintel 10 and the base material 12 as the horizontal frame material spanning between the upper and lower ends of the adjacent pillar materials 3, a large force acts even when a horizontal force is applied during an earthquake or a typhoon. Since it is difficult to break and the possibility of breakage is low, the cross-sectional area is made smaller than that of the beam material 11 which is a window sill, thereby reducing the material cost.
  • bearing wall 1 is provided with an interior material attached to the indoor side thereof and an exterior material attached to the outdoor side thereof, except for the portion where the window 40 is installed.
  • FIG. 5 shows the shearing test result of the bearing wall 1 described above
  • FIG. 6 shows the shearing test result of the bearing wall of the comparative example
  • the window sill 11A is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross-sectional height (beam back) of 60 mm and a horizontal width (beam width) of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are adjacent to each other.
  • the structural plywood is nailed and fixed to the middle portion of the pillar member 3 to be nailed, and the structural plywood is nailed and fixed to the lower opening 14 by driving nails at a pitch of about 60 mm along the peripheral end portion thereof.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
  • a horizontal load was applied to the beam member 4 constituting the framework 2, and the deformation angle with respect to the load at this time was measured. This measurement was performed 3 times each.
  • the short-term allowable shear strength is yield load (Py), ultimate load and deformation performance (Pu x 0.2 / Ds), maximum load 2/3 (2/3 x Pmax), and deformation angle 1/120. It is determined from the minimum value of the load.
  • the bearing wall 1 shown in FIG. 8 has two openings between the adjacent column members 3 by bridging the beam member 11 that serves as a window between the intermediate portions of the adjacent column members 3 constituting the framework 2.
  • the portions 60 and 61 are partitioned in the vertical direction.
  • a half column 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the beam member 4 constituting the framework 1 and the beam member 11 serving as a window window in the upper opening 60, and a rectangular structural plywood is provided. 50 is attached, and a window 40 is installed in the lower opening 61.
  • the other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
  • the window lintel 10 as a horizontal frame member is bridged between the upper ends of the adjacent pillars 3 constituting the framework 2, and the adjacent pillars 3 constituting the framework 2 are bridged.
  • three openings 62, 63, 64 are vertically partitioned between the adjacent pillar members 3. ing.
  • a half column 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the upper and lower beam members 11 in the intermediate opening 63, and a rectangular structural plywood 50 is attached to the upper opening 62 and the lower side.
  • a window 40 is installed in the opening 64.
  • the other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
  • a window lintel and two beam members 11 serving as a window sill are bridged between intermediate portions of adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2 to form the framework 2.
  • the base material 12 By bridging the base material 12 as a horizontal frame material between the lower ends of the adjacent pillar materials 3, three openings 65, 66, 67 are formed in the vertical direction between the adjacent pillar materials 3.
  • a half column 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the beam member 4 constituting the framework 1 and the beam member 11 serving as a window stud in the upper opening 65, and a rectangular structural plywood is provided.
  • a half pillar 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the beam material 11 serving as a window base and the base material 12 in the lower opening 67, and a square structural plywood 50 is provided. It is attached, and a window 40 is installed in the middle opening 66.
  • the other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
  • the bearing wall 1 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 also has a tenacious structure in which the elongation ability of deformation is significantly improved, and can maintain good earthquake resistance.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified and carried out within the scope of the present invention.
  • the bearing wall of the present invention is not limited to the one provided on the first floor foundation of the wooden house as described in the above embodiment, but may be provided on the upper floor of the wooden house.
  • the adjacent column members constituting the framework are provided so as to straddle between the upper and lower beam members constituting the framework.
  • the structural plywood when attached to the opening, it may be fixed not only by nailing but also by screwing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing wall of a wooden house with which it is possible to maintain excellent earthquake resistance while enabling installation of a variety of types of windows. As a means for solving the problem, in the bearing wall 1 according to the present invention, a beam material 11 serving as a window sill is bridged between intermediate parts of adjacent column materials 3 in a framework 2, whereby a plurality of openings 13, 14 are formed so as to be divided in the vertical direction between the adjacent column materials 3. The column material 11 has a beam height of 150 mm and a beam width of 120 mm. The two end sections of the beam material 11 are bound, via joining fittings 20, to the intermediate parts of the adjacent column materials 3. A window 40 is installed in the upper-side opening 13, and the peripheral edge section of structural plywood 50 is fixed by nailing to the lower-side opening 14. The pitch of the nails 51 securing the structural plywood 50 is coarse.

Description

木造住宅の耐力壁Bearing wall of wooden house
 この発明は、窓の設置を可能としながらも、耐震性を良好に維持することができる木造住宅の耐力壁に関する。 The present invention relates to a bearing wall of a wooden house that can maintain good earthquake resistance while allowing the installation of windows.
 木造住宅においては、必要壁量を満たすように耐力壁を設けることで、地震時や台風時の水平力に耐えるようになっている。この種の耐力壁としては、軸組における隣接する柱材間の開口部に筋交いを架け渡したり、軸組における隣接する柱材間の開口部全面を覆うように構造用合板を張り付けることで構成されている。 In wooden houses, bearing walls are provided to meet the required amount of walls so that they can withstand horizontal forces during earthquakes and typhoons. This type of bearing wall can be made by bridging the openings between adjacent columns in the framework or by attaching structural plywood so as to cover the entire opening between the adjacent columns in the framework. It is configured.
 一般に、窓を設置する部分では、上記のようにして筋交いや構造用合板を取り付けることができず、耐震性を良好に維持することが困難であって、耐力壁として認められないことが多い。このため、必要壁量を満たす上で、窓の設置に制約を受けることがあった。 In general, in the part where the window is installed, it is not possible to attach the brace or structural plywood as described above, it is difficult to maintain good seismic resistance, and it is often not recognized as a bearing wall. For this reason, there were some restrictions on the installation of windows in order to meet the required wall volume.
 そこで、近年においては、例えば特許文献1に開示されているように、窓を設置可能としながらも、耐震性を良好に維持することができる耐力壁が提案されている。この耐力壁においては、軸組における隣接する柱材間に形成した窓設置用開口部に、下地木材とガラス板とを相互に外力伝達可能に一体化してなる耐震ガラスユニットパネルを取り付けて、ガラス板の面内剛性をもって壁量を増やす、すなわち、ガラス板を構造用面材として機能させることで、耐震性を良好に維持するようになっている。 Therefore, in recent years, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, a bearing wall capable of installing a window while maintaining good seismic resistance has been proposed. In this bearing wall, a seismic glass unit panel formed by integrating the base wood and the glass plate so that external force can be transmitted to each other is attached to the window installation opening formed between the adjacent pillars in the framework, and the glass is attached. By increasing the amount of walls with the in-plane rigidity of the plate, that is, by making the glass plate function as a structural surface material, good earthquake resistance is maintained.
特開2009-293367号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-293367
 しかしながら、上記の耐力壁においては、窓設置用開口部に設置する窓として、例えば嵌め殺し窓のような下地木材とガラス板とを相互に外力伝達可能に一体化した構造のものに限られ、例えば引き違い窓のような開閉式の窓の設置は難しく、汎用性に乏しいといった不具合があった。 However, in the above-mentioned bearing wall, the window to be installed in the window installation opening is limited to a structure in which a base wood and a glass plate, such as a fitted window, are integrated so as to be able to transmit external force to each other. For example, it is difficult to install an openable window such as a sliding window, and there is a problem that it lacks versatility.
 この発明は、上記の不具合を解消して、各種の窓の設置が可能でありながらも、耐震性を良好に維持することができる耐力壁の提供を目的とする。 It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a bearing wall capable of installing various windows while maintaining good earthquake resistance.
 上記課題を解決するため、この発明の耐力壁1は、木造住宅の軸組2における隣接する柱材3の中間部間に、窓まぐさ若しくは窓台となる1又は複数の梁材11を架け渡すことで、前記隣接する柱材3間に複数の開口部13、14を上下方向に区画形成して、これら開口部13、14のうち窓設置用開口部13を除く残りの開口部14に構造用合板50を張り付けるようにしたものであって、前記梁材11の両端部を前記隣接する柱材3の中間部に接合金物20を介して緊結するとともに、前記構造用合板50の周端部を前記開口部14に釘又はビス止め固定したことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, in the bearing wall 1 of the present invention, one or a plurality of beam members 11 serving as window lintels or window stands are laid between the intermediate portions of the adjacent pillar members 3 in the frame 2 of the wooden house. By passing, a plurality of openings 13 and 14 are vertically partitioned between the adjacent pillar members 3, and the remaining openings 14 other than the window installation opening 13 among the openings 13 and 14 are formed. The structural plywood 50 is attached so that both ends of the beam member 11 are fastened to the intermediate portion of the adjacent pillar member 3 via the joining metal fitting 20, and the circumference of the structural plywood 50 is peripheral. The end portion is fixed to the opening 14 with a nail or a screw.
 具体的に、前記梁材11は、その梁背が150mm、その梁幅が120mmとなっている。また、前記構造用合板50の周端部に沿って1m当たり9本の割合で釘又はビスを打ち込むことで、前記構造用合板50の周端部を前記開口部14に釘又はビス止め固定している。さらに、前記隣接する柱材3の上端部間又は下端部間に、前記梁材11よりも断面積の小さな横枠材10、12を架け渡して、この横枠材10、12を窓40の設置若しくは構造用合板50の釘又はビス止めに際しての下地としている。 Specifically, the beam member 11 has a beam back of 150 mm and a beam width of 120 mm. Further, by driving nails or screws at a rate of 9 per 1 m along the peripheral end portion of the structural plywood 50, the peripheral end portion of the structural plywood 50 is fixed to the opening 14 with nails or screws. ing. Further, the horizontal frame members 10 and 12 having a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the beam member 11 are bridged between the upper ends or the lower ends of the adjacent pillar members 3, and the horizontal frame members 10 and 12 are connected to the window 40. It is used as a base for installation or fixing of structural plywood 50 with nails or screws.
 この発明の耐力壁においては、窓まぐさ若しくは窓台として梁材(構造材)を使用して、この梁材の両端部を軸組における隣接する柱材の中間部に接合金物を介して緊結するとともに、構造用合板の周端部を開口部に釘又はビス止め固定していることから、地震時や台風時の水平力に対する抵抗力を高めることができ、窓設置用開口部に設置する窓の種類に関係なく、耐震性を良好に維持することができる。 In the bearing wall of the present invention, a beam material (structural material) is used as a window lintel or a window sill, and both ends of the beam material are tied to the middle part of the adjacent column material in the framework via a metal joint. At the same time, since the peripheral end of the structural plywood is fixed to the opening with nails or screws, it is possible to increase the resistance to horizontal force during an earthquake or typhoon, and it is installed in the window installation opening. Seismic resistance can be maintained well regardless of the type of window.
 特に、梁材の断面積を大きく(梁背150mm×梁幅120mm)して、梁材自体や梁材と柱材との接合部の破壊を生じ難くしたり、構造用合板を止め付ける釘又はビスのピッチを粗く(1m当たり9本の割合)して、耐力壁の負担荷重が上昇し過ぎるのを抑えて、柱材の曲げ破壊を生じ難くすることで、変形の伸び能力を大幅に向上した粘り強い構造とすることができる。 In particular, the cross-sectional area of the beam material is increased (beam back 150 mm x beam width 120 mm) to prevent the beam material itself and the joint between the beam material and the column material from being damaged, or a nail or a nail for fixing the structural plywood. By making the pitch of the screws coarse (9 per 1 m) to prevent the load on the bearing wall from rising too much and making it difficult for the beam to bend and break, the elongation capacity of the deformation is greatly improved. It can be a tenacious structure.
 また、隣接する柱材の上端部間又は下端部間に架け渡す横枠材については、地震時や台風時の水平力を受けた場合でも、大きな力が作用し難く破壊の可能性が低いことから、窓まぐさ若しくは窓台となる梁材よりも断面積を小さくしており、これによって材料費の低減を図ることができる。 In addition, regarding the horizontal frame material that spans between the upper end or the lower end of the adjacent pillar material, even if it receives a horizontal force during an earthquake or typhoon, it is difficult for a large force to act and the possibility of destruction is low. Therefore, the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the beam material used as the window lintel or the window sill, which makes it possible to reduce the material cost.
この発明の一実施形態に係る耐力壁の分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view of the bearing wall which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 耐力壁の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a bearing wall. 耐力壁の窓及び構造用合板を取り付けていない状態の正面図である。It is a front view of the state where the window of the bearing wall and the structural plywood are not attached. 梁材と柱材の接合金物を介しての接合を示す分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view which shows the joining of a beam material and a column material through a metal fitting. 梁材と柱材の接合金物を介しての接合を示す組立斜視図である。It is an assembly perspective view which shows the joining of a beam material and a column material through a metal fitting. 耐力壁の剪断試験結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the shearing test result of a bearing wall. 比較例の耐力壁の剪断試験結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the shearing test result of the bearing wall of the comparative example. 比較例の耐力壁の窓及び構造用合板を取り付けていない状態の正面図である。It is a front view of the state where the window of the bearing wall of the comparative example and the structural plywood are not attached. 他の実施形態に係る耐力壁の窓及び構造用合板を取り付けていない状態の正面図である。It is a front view of the state in which the window of the bearing wall and the structural plywood according to another embodiment are not attached. 他の実施形態に係る耐力壁の窓及び構造用合板を取り付けていない状態の正面図である。It is a front view of the state in which the window of the bearing wall and the structural plywood according to another embodiment are not attached. 他の実施形態に係る耐力壁の窓及び構造用合板を取り付けていない状態の正面図である。It is a front view of the state in which the window of the bearing wall and the structural plywood according to another embodiment are not attached.
 以下、この発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。この発明の一実施形態に係る木造住宅の耐力壁1は、図1及び図2に示すように、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の上端部間に、横枠材としての窓まぐさ10が架け渡され、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の中間部間に、窓台となる梁材11が架け渡され、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の下端部間に、横枠材としての下地材12が架け渡されて、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3間に、2つの開口部13、14が上下方向に区画形成されている。なお、図3に示すように、柱材3の上端部は、柱頭金物15を介して軸組1を構成する梁材4に固定され、柱材3の下端部は、柱脚金物16を介して布基礎5の立上り部に固定されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bearing wall 1 of the wooden house according to the embodiment of the present invention has a window lintel as a horizontal frame member between the upper ends of adjacent pillars 3 constituting the framework 2. The lintel 10 is bridged, and the beam member 11 to be a window sill is bridged between the intermediate portions of the adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2, and the lower end portion of the adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2. A base material 12 as a horizontal frame material is bridged between them, and two openings 13 and 14 are vertically partitioned between the adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper end portion of the column member 3 is fixed to the beam member 4 constituting the framework 1 via the stigma metal fitting 15, and the lower end portion of the column member 3 is via the column base metal fitting 16. It is fixed to the rising part of the cloth foundation 5.
 窓まぐさ10は、縦断面の高さが60mm、横幅が120mmの角材からなり、その両端部が隣接する柱材3の上端部に釘又はビス止め固定されている。下地材12は、窓まぐさ10と同様に、縦断面の高さが60mm、横幅が120mmの角材からなり、その両端部が隣接する柱材3の下端部に釘又はビス止め固定されている。これに対して、窓台となる梁材11は、縦断面の高さ(梁背)が150mm、横幅(梁幅)が120mmの角材からなり、その両端部が隣接する柱材3の中間部に接合金物20を介して緊結されている。 The window lintel 10 is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross-sectional height of 60 mm and a horizontal width of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are fixed to the upper ends of adjacent pillars 3 with nails or screws. Similar to the window lintel 10, the base material 12 is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross section height of 60 mm and a horizontal width of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are fixed to the lower ends of adjacent pillar materials 3 with nails or screws. .. On the other hand, the beam material 11 serving as a window sill is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross-sectional height (beam back) of 150 mm and a horizontal width (beam width) of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are adjacent intermediate portions of the pillar material 3. It is tied to the joint via the metal joint 20.
 接合金物20は、図4A及び図4Bに示すように、金属板を平面視コ字状に折曲してなり、板状の柱側固定部23と、この柱側固定部23の縦方向に沿った両端部から張り出した左右一対の板状の梁側固定部24とを備えている。柱側固定部23には、複数のボルト挿入孔25が上下方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。梁側固定部24には、上方へ向けて開放する略V字状のピン受溝26と、ピン挿入孔27とが上下方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the metal joint 20 is formed by bending a metal plate into a U-shape in a plan view, and has a plate-shaped pillar-side fixing portion 23 and the pillar-side fixing portion 23 in the vertical direction. It is provided with a pair of left and right plate-shaped beam-side fixing portions 24 protruding from both ends along the line. A plurality of bolt insertion holes 25 are formed in the pillar-side fixing portion 23 at intervals in the vertical direction. The beam-side fixing portion 24 is formed with a substantially V-shaped pin receiving groove 26 that opens upward and a pin insertion hole 27 that are spaced apart in the vertical direction.
 この接合金物20を用いた柱材3と窓台となる梁材11の緊結は、以下のようにしてなされている。なお、柱材3の中間部には、一対のボルト貫通孔30が上下方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。梁材11の端部には、その上下面及び端面に開放する一対のスリット31が横方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。さらに、梁材11の端部には、スリット31に対して直交するように、一対のピン貫通孔32が上下方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。 The pillar material 3 and the beam material 11 serving as a window sill are tied together using the metal joint 20 as follows. A pair of bolt through holes 30 are formed in the middle portion of the pillar member 3 at intervals in the vertical direction. At the end of the beam material 11, a pair of slits 31 open to the upper and lower surfaces and the end surface thereof are formed at intervals in the lateral direction. Further, a pair of pin through holes 32 are formed at the end of the beam member 11 at intervals in the vertical direction so as to be orthogonal to the slit 31.
 まず、接合金物20の柱側固定部23を、そのボルト挿入孔25を柱材3のボルト貫通孔30に重ねるようにして、柱材3の中間部に当接させる。この状態から、互いに一致したボルト貫通孔30及びボルト挿入孔25にボルト35を挿通させて、このボルト35に先端部にナット36を螺合して締め付けることで、柱材3の中間部に接合金物20の柱側固定部23を固定する。続いて、梁材11の端部を、そのスリット31に接合金物20の梁側固定部24を差し入れるようにして、柱材3の中間部に当接させる。このとき、梁材11の上側のピン貫通孔32にドリフトピン37が予め挿通されていて、このドリフトピン37を梁側固定部24のピン受溝26に落とし込むことで、梁材11の下側のピン貫通孔32と梁側固定部24のピン挿入孔27とが互いに一致するように、梁材11が梁側固定部24に仮止めされる。この状態から、互いに一致したピン貫通孔32及びピン挿入孔27にドリフトピン37を挿通させることで、接合金物20の梁側固定部24に梁材11の端部を固定する。これにより、柱材3の中間部と梁材11の端部とが接合金物20を介
して緊結されることになる。
First, the pillar-side fixing portion 23 of the metal joint 20 is brought into contact with the intermediate portion of the pillar material 3 so that the bolt insertion hole 25 is overlapped with the bolt through hole 30 of the pillar material 3. From this state, the bolt 35 is inserted into the bolt through hole 30 and the bolt insertion hole 25 that coincide with each other, and the nut 36 is screwed and tightened at the tip of the bolt 35 to join to the intermediate portion of the pillar material 3. The pillar-side fixing portion 23 of the hardware 20 is fixed. Subsequently, the end portion of the beam member 11 is brought into contact with the intermediate portion of the column member 3 by inserting the beam side fixing portion 24 of the metal joint 20 into the slit 31 thereof. At this time, the drift pin 37 is inserted in advance into the pin through hole 32 on the upper side of the beam material 11, and the drift pin 37 is dropped into the pin receiving groove 26 of the beam side fixing portion 24 to lower the beam material 11. The beam member 11 is temporarily fixed to the beam side fixing portion 24 so that the pin through hole 32 and the pin insertion hole 27 of the beam side fixing portion 24 coincide with each other. From this state, the end portion of the beam member 11 is fixed to the beam side fixing portion 24 of the metal joint 20 by inserting the drift pin 37 into the pin through hole 32 and the pin insertion hole 27 that coincide with each other. As a result, the intermediate portion of the column member 3 and the end portion of the beam member 11 are tied together via the metal joint 20.
 上側の開口部13は、図1及び図3に示すように、隣接する柱材3、窓まぐさ10、窓台となる梁材11によって囲まれた方形枠状部位からなり、この上側の開口部13には、窓40が設置されるようになっている。すなわち、上側の開口部13は、窓設置用開口部とされている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the upper opening 13 is composed of a square frame-shaped portion surrounded by an adjacent pillar member 3, a window lintel 10, and a beam member 11 serving as a window base, and the upper opening is formed thereof. A window 40 is installed in the portion 13. That is, the upper opening 13 is a window installation opening.
 窓40は、図1及び図2に示すように、窓枠41に一対の障子42をスライド可能に取り付けてなる引き違い窓であって、窓設置用開口部13に嵌め込んで釘又はビス止め固定することで設置される。なお、窓40としては、引き違い窓だけに限らず、嵌め殺し窓、上げ下げ窓、外開き窓、折り畳み窓、出窓等どのような種類の窓であっても良い。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the window 40 is a sliding window in which a pair of shoji screens 42 are slidably attached to a window frame 41, and is fitted into a window installation opening 13 and nailed or screwed. It is installed by fixing it. The window 40 is not limited to a sliding window, and may be any kind of window such as a sash window, a sash window, a casement window, a folding window, and a bay window.
 下側の開口部14は、図1及び図3に示すように、隣接する柱材3、窓台となる梁材11、下地材12によって囲まれた方形枠状部位からなり、この下側の開口部14には、梁材11と下地材12との間に半柱45及び間柱46が差し渡されていて、方形状の構造用合板50が張り付けられている。なお、半柱45や間柱46の上下端部は、釘又はビス止めによって梁材11、下地材12に固定されているが、接合金物を介して固定しても良い。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the lower opening 14 is composed of an adjacent pillar material 3, a beam material 11 serving as a window sill, and a square frame-shaped portion surrounded by a base material 12, and the lower opening 14 is formed below the square frame-shaped portion. A half column 45 and a stud 46 are extended between the beam member 11 and the base material 12 and a rectangular structural plywood 50 is attached to the opening 14. The upper and lower ends of the half columns 45 and the studs 46 are fixed to the beam member 11 and the base material 12 by nails or screws, but they may be fixed via metal joints.
 構造用合板50は、その周端部に沿って1m当たり9本の割合(約120mmピッチ)で釘51を打ち込むことで、下側の開口部14すなわち隣接する柱材3、窓台となる梁材11、下地材12に釘止め固定されている。また、構造用合板50における半柱45や間柱46が当接する部分にも、釘51が適宜打ち込まれて、半柱45や間柱46に対しても釘止め固定されている。なお、軸組2を構成する梁材4と窓まぐさ10との間には、小さな隙間47が設けられていて、この隙間47を塞ぐようにして、梁材4と窓まぐさ10とに跨って帯板状の合板52が釘止め固定されている。 The structural plywood 50 has a lower opening 14, that is, an adjacent pillar member 3, and a beam that becomes a window sill by driving nails 51 at a rate of 9 nails per 1 m (about 120 mm pitch) along the peripheral end portion thereof. It is nailed and fixed to the material 11 and the base material 12. Further, a nail 51 is appropriately driven into a portion of the structural plywood 50 where the half pillar 45 and the stud 46 come into contact with each other, and the nail 51 is also nailed and fixed to the half pillar 45 and the stud 46. A small gap 47 is provided between the beam member 4 constituting the framework 2 and the window lintel 10, and the beam member 4 and the window lintel 10 are formed so as to close the gap 47. A strip-shaped plywood 52 straddles and is fixed by nailing.
 このように、上記の耐力壁1においては、窓台として断面積の大きな構造材である梁材11を使用して、この梁材11の両端部を軸組2における隣接する柱材3の中間部に接合金物20を介して緊結していることから、梁材11自体や梁材11と柱材3との接合部の破壊が生じ難くなっている。しかも、構造用合板50を下側の開口部14に釘ピッチを粗くして(約120mmピッチで)釘止め固定していることから、耐力壁1の負担荷重が上昇し過ぎるのを抑えて、柱材3の曲げ負担を軽くする(梁材11と柱材3との接合部から柱材3の中間部に過度の力を作用させないようにする)ことができ、柱材3の曲げ破壊を防止しながら、地震時や台風時の水平力に対する抵抗力を高めることができる。これによって、変形の伸び能力を大幅に向上した粘り強い構造となって、耐震性を良好に維持することができるようになっている。 As described above, in the above-mentioned bearing wall 1, a beam material 11 which is a structural material having a large cross-sectional area is used as a window base, and both ends of the beam material 11 are intermediate between the adjacent pillar materials 3 in the framework 2. Since the joint is tightly connected to the portion via the joint metal fitting 20, the beam material 11 itself and the joint portion between the beam material 11 and the pillar material 3 are less likely to be destroyed. Moreover, since the structural plywood 50 is nailed and fixed to the lower opening 14 with a coarse nail pitch (at a pitch of about 120 mm), the load on the bearing wall 1 is suppressed from rising too much. It is possible to reduce the bending load of the column material 3 (to prevent an excessive force from being applied from the joint portion between the beam material 11 and the column material 3 to the intermediate portion of the column material 3), and to prevent bending failure of the column material 3. While preventing it, it is possible to increase the resistance to horizontal force during an earthquake or typhoon. As a result, it becomes a tenacious structure with greatly improved deformation elongation ability, and it is possible to maintain good seismic resistance.
 また、隣接する柱材3の上下端部間に架け渡した横枠材としての窓まぐさ10、下地材12については、地震時や台風時の水平力を受けた場合でも、大きな力が作用し難く破壊の可能性が低いことから、窓台となる梁材11よりも断面積を小さくしており、これによって材料費の低減を図るようにしている。 Further, with respect to the window lintel 10 and the base material 12 as the horizontal frame material spanning between the upper and lower ends of the adjacent pillar materials 3, a large force acts even when a horizontal force is applied during an earthquake or a typhoon. Since it is difficult to break and the possibility of breakage is low, the cross-sectional area is made smaller than that of the beam material 11 which is a window sill, thereby reducing the material cost.
 なお、図示しないが、上記の耐力壁1には、窓40を設置した部分を除いて、その屋内側に内装材が張り付けられ、その屋外側に外装材が張り付けられるようになっている。 Although not shown, the above-mentioned bearing wall 1 is provided with an interior material attached to the indoor side thereof and an exterior material attached to the outdoor side thereof, except for the portion where the window 40 is installed.
 図5は、上記の耐力壁1の剪断試験結果を示しており、図6は、比較例の耐力壁の剪断試験結果を示している。なお、図7に示すように、比較例の耐力壁において、窓台11Aは、縦断面の高さ(梁背)が60mm、横幅(梁幅)が120mmの角材からなり、その両端部が隣接する柱材3の中間部に釘止め固定され、構造用合板は、その周端部に沿って
約60mmピッチで釘を打ち込むことで、下側の開口部14に釘止め固定されている。その他の構成は、上記の耐力壁1と同様になっている。剪断試験に際しては、軸組2を構成する梁材4に対して水平方向の荷重を与えて、このときの荷重に対する変形角を測定した。この測定は、それぞれ3回実施した。
FIG. 5 shows the shearing test result of the bearing wall 1 described above, and FIG. 6 shows the shearing test result of the bearing wall of the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 7, in the bearing wall of the comparative example, the window sill 11A is made of a square lumber having a vertical cross-sectional height (beam back) of 60 mm and a horizontal width (beam width) of 120 mm, and both ends thereof are adjacent to each other. The structural plywood is nailed and fixed to the middle portion of the pillar member 3 to be nailed, and the structural plywood is nailed and fixed to the lower opening 14 by driving nails at a pitch of about 60 mm along the peripheral end portion thereof. Other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above. In the shear test, a horizontal load was applied to the beam member 4 constituting the framework 2, and the deformation angle with respect to the load at this time was measured. This measurement was performed 3 times each.
 この剪断試験結果から、上記の耐力壁1においては、最大荷重が抑えられて、大きな変形が生じるまで壊れずに粘り強く、短期許容剪断耐力を十分に確保することができるのに対して、比較例の耐力壁においては、最大荷重が大きくなって、変形が伸びずに脆性的な破壊が生じ、短期許容剪断耐力が大幅に低下することが確認できた。なお、短期許容剪断耐力は、降伏荷重(Py)、終局荷重と変形性能(Pu×0.2/Ds)、最大荷重の2/3(2/3×Pmax)、変形角1/120時の荷重、のうちの最小値から決められている。 From the results of this shear test, in the above bearing wall 1, the maximum load is suppressed, the shear wall is tenacious without breaking until a large deformation occurs, and the short-term allowable shear strength can be sufficiently secured, whereas the comparative example. It was confirmed that the maximum load of the bearing wall increased, the deformation did not extend, brittle fracture occurred, and the short-term allowable shear strength was significantly reduced. The short-term allowable shear strength is yield load (Py), ultimate load and deformation performance (Pu x 0.2 / Ds), maximum load 2/3 (2/3 x Pmax), and deformation angle 1/120. It is determined from the minimum value of the load.
 図8~図10は、他の実施形態に係る耐力壁1を示している。図8に示す耐力壁1は、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の中間部間に、窓まぐさとなる梁材11を架け渡すことで、隣接する柱材3間に、2つの開口部60、61が上下方向に区画形成されている。そして、上側の開口部60には、軸組1を構成する梁材4と窓まぐさとなる梁材11との間に半柱45及び間柱46が差し渡されていて、方形状の構造用合板50が張り付けられ、下側の開口部61には、窓40が設置されるようになっている。なお、その他の構成は、上記の耐力壁1と同様である。 8 to 10 show the bearing wall 1 according to another embodiment. The bearing wall 1 shown in FIG. 8 has two openings between the adjacent column members 3 by bridging the beam member 11 that serves as a window between the intermediate portions of the adjacent column members 3 constituting the framework 2. The portions 60 and 61 are partitioned in the vertical direction. A half column 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the beam member 4 constituting the framework 1 and the beam member 11 serving as a window window in the upper opening 60, and a rectangular structural plywood is provided. 50 is attached, and a window 40 is installed in the lower opening 61. The other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
 図9に示す耐力壁1は、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の上端部間に、横枠材としての窓まぐさ10を架け渡し、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の中間部間に、窓まぐさ、窓台となる2本の梁材11を架け渡すことで、隣接する柱材3間に、3つの開口部62、63、64が上下方向に区画形成されている。そして、中間の開口部63には、上下の梁材11間に半柱45及び間柱46が差し渡されていて、方形状の構造用合板50が張り付けられ、上側の開口部62及び下側の開口部64には、窓40が設置されるようになっている。なお、その他の構成は、上記の耐力壁1と同様である。 In the bearing wall 1 shown in FIG. 9, the window lintel 10 as a horizontal frame member is bridged between the upper ends of the adjacent pillars 3 constituting the framework 2, and the adjacent pillars 3 constituting the framework 2 are bridged. By bridging the window lintel and the two beam members 11 to be the window sill between the middle portions of the above, three openings 62, 63, 64 are vertically partitioned between the adjacent pillar members 3. ing. A half column 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the upper and lower beam members 11 in the intermediate opening 63, and a rectangular structural plywood 50 is attached to the upper opening 62 and the lower side. A window 40 is installed in the opening 64. The other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
 図10に示す耐力壁1は、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の中間部間に、窓まぐさ、窓台となる2本の梁材11を架け渡し、軸組2を構成する隣接する柱材3の下端部間に、横枠材としての下地材12を架け渡すことで、隣接する柱材3間に、3つの開口部65、66、67が上下方向に区画形成されている。そして、上側の開口部65には、軸組1を構成する梁材4と窓まぐさとなる梁材11との間に半柱45及び間柱46が差し渡されていて、方形状の構造用合板50が張り付けられ、下側の開口部67には、窓台となる梁材11と下地材12との間に半柱45及び間柱46が差し渡されていて、方形状の構造用合板50が張り付けられ、中間の開口部66には、窓40が設置されるようになっている。なお、その他の構成は、上記の耐力壁1と同様である。 In the bearing wall 1 shown in FIG. 10, a window lintel and two beam members 11 serving as a window sill are bridged between intermediate portions of adjacent pillar members 3 constituting the framework 2 to form the framework 2. By bridging the base material 12 as a horizontal frame material between the lower ends of the adjacent pillar materials 3, three openings 65, 66, 67 are formed in the vertical direction between the adjacent pillar materials 3. There is. A half column 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the beam member 4 constituting the framework 1 and the beam member 11 serving as a window stud in the upper opening 65, and a rectangular structural plywood is provided. 50 is attached, and a half pillar 45 and a stud 46 are passed between the beam material 11 serving as a window base and the base material 12 in the lower opening 67, and a square structural plywood 50 is provided. It is attached, and a window 40 is installed in the middle opening 66. The other configurations are the same as those of the bearing wall 1 described above.
 これら図8~図10に示す耐力壁1においても、上記の耐力壁1と同様に、変形の伸び能力を大幅に向上した粘り強い構造となって、耐震性を良好に維持することができる。 Similar to the above-mentioned bearing wall 1, the bearing wall 1 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 also has a tenacious structure in which the elongation ability of deformation is significantly improved, and can maintain good earthquake resistance.
 以上に、この発明の実施形態について説明したが、この発明は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、この発明の範囲内で種々変更して実施することが可能である。例えば、この発明の耐力壁は、上記実施形態において説明したような木造住宅の1階基礎上に設けるものだけに限らず、木造住宅の上層階に設けるものであっても良い。この場合、例えば軸組を構成する隣接する柱材は、軸組を構成する上下の梁材間に跨って設けられることになる。また、構造用合板の開口部への張り付けに際しては、釘止め固定だけでなく、ビス止め固定としても良い。 Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified and carried out within the scope of the present invention. For example, the bearing wall of the present invention is not limited to the one provided on the first floor foundation of the wooden house as described in the above embodiment, but may be provided on the upper floor of the wooden house. In this case, for example, the adjacent column members constituting the framework are provided so as to straddle between the upper and lower beam members constituting the framework. Further, when the structural plywood is attached to the opening, it may be fixed not only by nailing but also by screwing.
 1・・耐力壁、2・・軸組、3・・柱材、11・・梁材、10、12・・横枠材、13、61、62、64、66・・窓設置用開口部、14、60、63、65、67・・構造用合板張付用開口部、20・・接合金物、40・・窓、50・・構造用合板、51・・釘 1 ... bearing wall, 2 ... framework, 3 ... pillar material, 11 ... beam material, 10, 12 ... horizontal frame material, 13, 61, 62, 64, 66 ... window installation opening, 14, 60, 63, 65, 67 ... Structural plywood attachment opening, 20 ... Joining hardware, 40 ... Windows, 50 ... Structural plywood, 51 ... Nail

Claims (4)

  1.  木造住宅の軸組(2)における隣接する柱材(3)の中間部間に、窓まぐさ若しくは窓台となる1又は複数の梁材(11)を架け渡すことで、前記隣接する柱材(3)間に複数の開口部(13)(14)を上下方向に区画形成して、これら開口部(13)(14)のうち窓設置用開口部(13)を除く残りの開口部(14)に構造用合板(50)を張り付けるようにした耐力壁(1)であって、前記梁材(11)の両端部を前記隣接する柱材(3)の中間部に接合金物(20)を介して緊結するとともに、前記構造用合板(50)の周端部を前記開口部(14)に釘又はビス止め固定したことを特徴とする木造住宅の耐力壁。 The adjacent pillar material (11) is bridged between the intermediate portions of the adjacent pillar materials (3) in the frame (2) of the wooden house to serve as a window lintel or a window sill. A plurality of openings (13) and (14) are partitioned in the vertical direction between (3), and the remaining openings (13) and (14) other than the window installation opening (13) are formed. It is a bearing wall (1) in which a structural plywood (50) is attached to 14), and both ends of the beam material (11) are joined to an intermediate portion of the adjacent pillar material (3). ), And the peripheral end of the structural plywood (50) is fixed to the opening (14) with a nail or a screw.
  2.  前記梁材(11)は、その梁背が150mm、その梁幅が120mmとなっている請求項1に記載の木造住宅の耐力壁。 The bearing wall of the wooden house according to claim 1, wherein the beam material (11) has a beam back of 150 mm and a beam width of 120 mm.
  3.  前記構造用合板(50)の周端部に沿って1m当たり9本の割合で釘又はビスを打ち込むことで、前記構造用合板(50)の周端部を前記開口部(14)に釘又はビス止め固定した請求項2に記載の木造住宅の耐力壁。 By driving nails or screws at a rate of 9 per 1 m along the peripheral end of the structural plywood (50), the peripheral end of the structural plywood (50) can be nailed or screwed into the opening (14). The bearing wall of the wooden house according to claim 2, which is fixed with screws.
  4.  前記隣接する柱材(3)の上端部間又は下端部間に、前記梁材(11)よりも断面積の小さな横枠材(10)(12)を架け渡して、この横枠材(10)(12)を窓(40)の設置若しくは構造用合板(50)の釘又はビス止めに際しての下地とした請求項3に記載の木造住宅の耐力壁。 Horizontal frame members (10) and (12) having a smaller cross-sectional area than the beam member (11) are bridged between the upper ends or lower ends of the adjacent pillar members (3), and the horizontal frame members (10) are bridged. The bearing wall of the wooden house according to claim 3, wherein (12) is used as a base for installing a window (40) or fixing a structural plywood (50) with nails or screws.
PCT/JP2020/024616 2020-06-23 2020-06-23 Bearing wall of wooden house WO2021260801A1 (en)

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GB2019295.1A GB2600779A (en) 2020-06-23 2020-06-23 Bearing wall of wooden house
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014070357A (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-21 Sekisui House Ltd Load bearing wall of wooden house

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014070357A (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-21 Sekisui House Ltd Load bearing wall of wooden house

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